107 results about "Alkaline activation" patented technology

The invention discloses a preparation method of a lithium-selenium battery positive electrode. The preparation method of the lithium-selenium battery positive electrode comprises the following steps: depositing or growing a nitrogen-containing conductive polymer on the surface of a piece of paper, then carrying out alkaline activation and high-temperature carbonization to obtain a nitrogen-containing layered porous carbon compound current collector which takes a carbon fiber network structure as a self-supporting body, and further compounding the compound current collector with selenium to obtain the lithium-selenium battery positive electrode which is high in content of selenium, good in selenium fixation effect, high in mechanical performance and high in electrochemical performance. The preparation method of the lithium-selenium battery positive electrode is easy to operate, free from pollution and low in cost; the prepared lithium-selenium battery electrode is directly used for preparing a lithium-selenium battery with the high cycle performance and rate capability in the absence of an adhesive and a corresponding coating process.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a normal-temperature iron series hydrogen sulfide removal agent. The preparation method is characterized by including the steps of (1) alkaline activation of carrier clay and (2) homogeneous precipitation of load iron and copper. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the advantages that the method is high in controllability of preparation conditions and convenient to operate, the defect of poor reproducibility of grain products can be overcome, metal salt is converted completely, activity of the hydrogen sulfide removal agent is improved, and the hydrogen sulfide removal agent can be used for removal of hydrogen sulfide at the high air speed.

The invention belongs to the field of manufacture for binder-less environment-friendly artificial boards, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing binder-less environment-friendly artificial boards. The method is used for manufacturing the binder-less environment-friendly artificial boards from steam-exploded stalk raw materials by means of alkaline activation hot-pressing. The method includes steps of chopping stalk raw materials and performing steam explosion on the chopped stalk raw materials to obtain steam-exploded stalks; adding aqueous alkali into the steam-exploded stalks; uniformly mixing the aqueous alkali with the steam-exploded stalks; controlling the moisture content of a mixture of the aqueous alkali and the steam-exploded stalks; performing hot-pressing and forming on the mixture. The method has the advantages that the wettability of the stalk raw materials can be improved by means of processing the stalks by a steam explosion technology, cell wall structures are destroyed, lignin in the raw materials is easy to dissolve out under an alkaline condition, dissolved lignin and the lignin and polysaccharide in the raw materials are subjected to condensation reaction under a high-temperature condition of a hot-pressing procedure to realize a binding effect, accordingly, the stalk raw materials are bound with one another without binders by the method, the binder adding cost is saved, a process and a production line are simplified, environmental pollution due to synthetic resin binders is reduced advantageously, the production cost is lowered, and a novel and effective way for manufacturing the artificial boards is provided.

The invention provides a method for preparing artificial ecological aggregate by using inland sludge and near-shore high-sand mud. The method comprises the following steps: filtering sludge and high-sand mud to remove large particles with particle diameter being greater than 2 millimeters; naturally withering the filtered sludge and high-sand mud; uniformly mixing the sludge, the high-sand mud, cement, coal ash, quicklime, steel slag, silicon ash, an activator, an early strength agent and water; pelletizing the mixture into balls in a pelletizer; naturally curing finished balls, spraying water for curing, spraying a waterproof coating or an alkaline activation curing agent, and curing naturally. The ecological aggregate which can be applied to planting concrete is mainly prepared from sludge and near-shore high-sand mud, so that natural gravels and cobbles in planting cement are replaced completely or partially, sludge is treated effectively, and environmental problems caused by sludge are solved. Moreover, sludge is turned into a usable resource to be utilized effectively, so that the method has good economical value and social value.

The invention provides a method directly using acid and alkaline activation of red mud to prepare an iron type denitrifying catalyst. The method comprises the following steps of (1) adding acid into the red mud, and reacting at the temperature of 70 to 200 DEG C, so as to obtain first slurry, namely acid slurry; (2) adding alkaline matter into the first slurry in step (1), and adjusting the pH (potential of hydrogen) value to 5 to 10, so as to obtain second slurry; (3) separating solid and liquid of the second slurry in step (2), so as to obtain filter cake; roasting the filter cake, so as toobtain an iron, titanium, silicon and aluminum oxide catalyst with denitrifying activity. The method has the advantages that the waste of red mud can be treated in a harmless way, and the waste is changed into the valuable; when the waste of the red mud is directly applied to the denitrifying process of flue gas, the existing denitrifying cost is greatly reduced, and the wide industrial application prospect is realized; the obtained iron, titanium, silicon and aluminum oxide catalyst can be applied into the denitrifying process of the flue gas of fired coal, and be used for replacing the existing vanadium, tungsten and titanium denitrifying catalyst.

The invention discloses a preparation of a natural nutshell carbon material and an application of the natural nutshell carbon material in electrochemical capacitors. The preparation of the natural nutshell carbon material refers to performing carbonization-alkali activation on a natural nutshell at high temperature to obtain a porous nano nutshell carbon material. In an alkali aqueous solution electrolyte, the specific capacitances of double electric layers respectively reach 312Fg<-1> and 224Fg<-1> under the potential scan rates of 2mV/s and 500mV/s. When organic electrolyte uses 1M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate as an electrolyte, the capacitances respectively reach 209Fg<-1> and 50Fg<-1> under the potential scan rates of 10mVs(-1) and 500mVs(-1). Under a high scanning rate, the specific capacitance is relatively stable, which suggests that the natural nutshell carbon material has very broad application prospects as a high-power super capacitor active material. Moreover, as the material is natural biological material pistachio nut shell, the range of sources is wide, and the price is low. In addition, the electrode material preparation process is simple and controllable, the condition is mild, the equipment is simple, and the preparation process has practical production values.

Disclosed is a construction material composition including a matrix predominantly containing an aluminum silicate compound, such as a metakaolin, and an alkaline activation solution. The composition is contains less than 10 wt. % cement or clinker and in that the metakaolin is a metakaolin obtained via flash calcination. The reaction between the components is carried out at a temperature less than 30° C. The method for manufacturing the construction material includes mixing the composition with various elements such as granulates, plant fibers, unfired clay, and expanding agents. It is particularly of use in producing floor, wall, or roof coating elements, prefabricated construction elements, or insulation, adhesive, or inorganic sealant modules.

The invention relates to a method of removing chlorohydrocarbon in underground water by using an alkaline slow-release persulfate oxidizing agent. The alkaline slow-release persulfate oxidizing agent is prepared by mixing persulfate, sodium hydroxide, cement, sand and water according to a certain proportion; when the obtained oxidizing agent is contacted with polluted underground water, the persulfate is slowly released for a long time, the pH value of the solution can be improved, the acidification effect of the persulfate reaction process is overcome, chlorohydrocarbon pollutants are effectively degraded through a mode of alkaline activation persulfate. The method has the advantages that the provided alkaline slow-release persulfate oxidizing agent can be used for slowly releasing the persulfate for a long time, the transmission capability and use efficiency of the oxidizing agent are improved, the chlorohydrocarbon pollution underground water is remedied through the mode of alkaline activation persulfate, and the method is applicable for in-situ remediation.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly geopolymer-based foaming material. According to the invention, a low-density high-strength geopolymer-based foaming material is prepared by adding sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide in coal ash of which the main components are alumina and silicon oxide, carrying out alkaline activation on the coal ash so that geopolymerization is generated and single substance Al has chemical reaction under the alkaline condition to generate gas to foam in slurry. The high-value utilization of the coal ash is realized under the condition that solid waste pollution and air pollution are lowered, thereby reaching the purposes of energy conservation, emission reduction, environment protection. The geopolymer-based foaming material meets the requirements of first-grade heat preservation boards, and is simple in process and free from high-temperature sintering.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a natural mineral-loaded nanometer fluorine removal agent. The method comprises high-temperature activation treatment, acid activation treatment, alkali activation treatment and a metal salt reaction. Natural zeolite is high in mechanical strength and is full of fine holes and channels inside, and nanometer materials can be effectively fixed in the internal channels of the natural zeolite under a water flow condition when the natural zeolite is taken as a carrier of a nanometer fluorine removal material, so that the agglomeration and loss of the nanometer materials are avoided, and the fluorine adsorption capacity is increased. Moreover, the natural zeolite is reproducible, so that the fluorine removal cost is reduced. The fluorine removal agent with larger specific surface area can provide more active sites for realizing a high fluorine adsorption volume, and can be widely applied to the aspects of purification treatment of high-fluorine surface water and underground water, treatment of fluorine-containing sewage, and the like.

A method for preparing activated carbon with high adsorption activity by using petroleum coke as a raw material comprises the following steps: pulverizing the petroleum coke raw material into 81-150 mesh powder, and degassing in a 220-350 DEG C vacuum dryer to obtain a product A with a certain initial pore space; preparing an alkaline medium solution with a molar concentration of 0.2-0.5N, adding the product A into the alkaline medium solution, adding a cosolvent, mixing uniformly, and allowing carbonization and alkaline activation treatment at 700-800 DEG C under inert gas atmosphere for 1-3 hours to obtain a product B; and cooling the product B, washing and drying to obtain the final product. The inventive method has the following advantages that: the activated carbon prepared by using the method has rich micro-pores and has BET specific surface area of 2,500-3,000m<2>/g; the petroleum coke has a certain initial pore space and can mix and sufficiently contact with the alkaline medium solution, so as to reduce the consumption of the alkaline medium, reduce cost, reduce pollution, and unify reaction; and the activation rate and the yield are high, and the product quality is stable.

A composition for making composite adsorbents from a mixture of geopolymer, zeolite and activated carbon wherein a geopolymer material, a carbonaceous material, and an alkali activating agent are the components of the mixture. The alkali activating agent to carbonaceous material solid mass ratio is at least 0.25:1, respectively. A process for producing shaped composite adsorbents from the composition is done using conventional means such as mixing, shaping, extrusion and other methods. Alkali activation is used to convert the carbonaceous material to activated carbon, followed by hydrothermal treatment to convert the geopolymer material to zeolites. Shaped composite adsorbents fabricated from the composition of the instant invention are used for adsorption, purification, or other separation applications of liquids and gases.

A process for preparing carbon material with the property of energy storage is a method of high-temperature strong base activation, which takes petroleum pitch coke as raw material and is composed of processes of crushing and grinding, screening, charring, catalyzing and activating, washing, drying and alkali recovery. The energy storage carbon material can be mass-produced and has specific surface area of 2500-4000m2g, iodine sorption value 2500-3500mg/g, methylene blue value of 600-1200mg/g, ash less than 1%, nano microporous aperture of 0.75-1.5mm and micro volume rate larger than 90-95%. The process particularly meets the absorption and storage requirements, thereby facilitating the wide and safe application of natural gas.

The invention provides a tail gas continuous processing device utilizing alkaline activation to prepare activated carbon. The tail gas continuous processing device comprises a heating exhaust pipe, an oxidizing tower and a recycling chamber, wherein an air outlet of the heating exhaust pipe is connected to the upper part of the oxidizing tower; the top of the oxidizing tower is provided with a ventilation opening, the bottom of the oxidizing tower is provided with an inclined plane structure and is provided with an outlet which is connected with the recycling chamber, the recycling chamber is provided with a spraying device and an exhaust fan, and the upper part of the recycling chamber is provided with a discharge outlet. The invention also provides a tail gas continuous processing method for utilizing alkaline activation to prepare the activated carbon. The airflow direction of the tail gas can enter from the upper part of the oxidizing tower and can downward move so as to discharge the oxidizing tower from the lower part of the oxidizing tower, and the tail gas enters from the lower part of the recycling chamber and can discharge from the upper part of the recycling chamber. The tail gas continuous processing device and the tail gas continuous processing method provided by the invention have the advantages that the exhaust gas generated through preparation of activated carbon by using the continuous processing alkaline activation and can fully solve the safe problem of an alkali metal, the industrialization continuous production of the high specific-surface-area activated carbon prepared through alkaline activation becomes the possibility, harmful organic matter constituents in the activated gas can be burned to remove and absorbed through spraying in a processing process, and the alkali metal after processing is recycled.

A raw coal having such a structure that the product obtained by graphitizing the raw coal in an inert gas atmosphere at 2800 DEG C has crystallite size/lattice constant ratios of 360 or below in (002) plane and 1500 or below in (110) plane is provided either as a raw coal capable of giving, through alkali activation followed by washing, active carbon which is reduced in residual alkali content and permits simplified operation in the washing since washing fluid in the washing can go in and out of active carbon easily, or as a raw coal for making needle coke.

The invention discloses a lightweight wood-plastic composite fiberboard and a preparation method thereof. The lightweight wood-plastic composite fiberboard is composed of hot-ground wooden fiber, high-density polyethylene, a foaming agent and other additives. The prepared composite fiberboard has wooden fiber content of 60 to 70%, average density of 800 to 900 kg/m<3>, an average pore size of 50 [mu]m and porosity of 20 to 30%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: subjecting the wooden fiber to alkaline activation and isocyanate grafting; and then subjecting the modified wooden fiber, polyethylene, the foaming agent and other auxiliary agents to high-speed mixing, granulation, mould pressing, foaming and rapid cooling. The lightweight wood-plastic composite fiberboard has same advantages as a fiberboard and a wood-plastic composite and has the advantages of good dimensional stability, high strength-to-weight ratio, good shock resistance, anticorrosion performance, pest damage resistance, sound insulation performance, heat insulation performance, etc. The lightweight wood-plastic composite fiberboard has a wide application scope and is applicable to fields like decoration, buildings, floors, municipal projects, packaging and automotive interior decorative parts.

The invention discloses a method of preparing a dual-function catalyst having oxygen reduction and oxygen separation activities by using biomass tar, wherein with the biomass tar being a carbon source, high-temperature carbonization is coupled with ammonia reduction by using KOH and a soft template, and specific surface area and degree of graphitization of the material are increased by means of high temperature alkaline activation and soft template pore forming. In addition, nitrogen is doped to improve the catalytic activity, selectivity and stability of the material. The catalyst is low in raw material cost and wide in raw material source, has great catalytic activity and is good in stability.

The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of resources such as chemical engineering metallurgy and environmental protection and particularly relates to a method for preparing a soluble potassium and calcium silicate soil conditioner through alkaline activation of potassium feldspar. The method comprises the following steps; (1) mixing raw materials, namely mixing an alkalineactivating agent, potassium feldspar and a calcium preparation; (2) carrying out pressurization reaction, namely putting the mixture into a pressurization reaction kettle for reaction; (3) carrying out liquid-solid separation, namely cooling a reactant in the step (2), and carrying out liquid-solid separation, so as to obtain filtrate to prepare a soluble potassium solution; and (4) drying, namelywashing filter residues filtered in the step (3), washing, and drying, so as to obtain a calcium silicate soil conditioner. According to the method, the reaction rate is high, and the reaction residue has the characteristics of lightness and high water absorption rate, is rich in high-activity silicon and calcium, contains a small amount of potassium and is suitable for being used as the soil conditioner. The process has the advantages of simplicity in operation, low reaction temperature, environmental pollution and equipment requirements and the like and further has relatively good industrial prospects.

The invention discloses an electroplating blank surface treatment method of a magnesium alloy rolling product, comprising the following steps of: carrying out oil wax removal on the magnesium alloy rolling product; carrying out acidic activation treatment on the magnesium alloy rolling product subjected to oil wax removal by using an acid solution of ammonium bifluoride or acid solutions of sodium salts; carrying out alkaline activation treatment on the magnesium alloy rolling product by using alkaline activators of potassium pyrophosphate, sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate; carrying out acidic activation treatment on the magnesium alloy rolling product by using acid solutions of ammonium bifluoride, hydrofluoric acid and phosphoric acid; and carrying out neutralization treatment on the magnesium alloy rolling product by using neutralizing solutions of ammonium bifluoride and sodium hypophosphite. By adopting the method, bottom layer nickel or copper which has sufficient binding force and is even and compact can be covered on magnesium alloy rolling plates, bar materials and pipes. The method has low cost and is easy to popularize and apply.

The invention provides a fly ash water purification method which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing fly ash with solid alkali in proportion, putting the mixture into a homogeneous reactor, and performing calcining, drying and grinding to obtain low-temperature alkali-modified fly ash; and adding the low-temperature alkali-modified fly ash into sewage, performing mixing and stirring onthe low-temperature alkali-modified fly ash and the sewage, adding a flocculant, quickly stirring, slowly stirring, standing for settling, and finally carrying out sludge separation. The fly ash is comprehensively utilized, environmental pollution can be reduced, the additional value is high, and the dosage of an adsorbent is effectively reduced after alkali modification. The sludge adsorbing ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and COD can be subjected to alkali activation and cyclic utilization again, so that the resource utilization of the solid waste fly ash is realized. The method is simple in process, low in cost and easy to operate, and can be applied to treatment of heavy metals, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and COD in surface water pollution, town sewage and industrial sewage.

The invention relates to a magnesium alloy surface treatment method and a preparation method of a magnesium alloy and resin complex. The magnesium alloy surface treatment method comprises the following steps: performing degreasing treatment on magnesium alloy; performing acid activation treatment on the magnesium alloy after degreasing treatment; performing alkaline activation treatment on the magnesium alloy after acid activation treatment; putting the magnesium alloy after alkaline activation treatment in a hole-forming pretreatment solution for hole-forming pretreatment; putting the magnesium alloy after hole-forming pretreatment in a hole-forming treatment solution for hole-forming treatment; putting the magnesium alloy after hole-forming treatment in an amine treatment solution for micro-corrosion treatment. The magnesium alloy surface treatment method provided by the invention has the benefits that a nano-scale porous membrane can be formed on the magnesium alloy surface, and theaverage diameter of a nano-porous structure is 10-50 nm, so that when the magnesium alloy is subjected to subsequent injection molding treatment, resin can enter nano-scale holes and gullies during injection molding, and the magnesium alloy and the resin have stronger bonding strength.

The invention provides a preparation method and an application of an in-situ nitrogen-doped carbon microsphere adsorbent, relates to a preparation method and an application of an adsorbent and aims tosolve the problems of low adsorption rate, small adsorption capacity and poor universality of an existing water treatment adsorbent. The method comprises steps as follows: step one, synthesizing nitrogen-containing polymer microspheres; step two, performing high-temperature carbonization; step three, performing high-temperature alkaline activation to obtain the in-situ nitrogen-doped carbon microsphere adsorbent. A method for purifying micro-pollution emergency water comprises steps as follows: the in-situ nitrogen-doped carbon microsphere adsorbent is added to the micro-pollution emergency water, the water is stirred and subjected to a reaction for 2-5 min, and after the adsorbent is filtered, the treated water is obtained. A method for enriching trace pollutants in water by the in-situnitrogen-doped carbon microsphere adsorbent comprises steps as follows: the in-situ nitrogen-doped carbon microsphere adsorbent is added to water containing the trace pollutants, the water is stirredand subjected to a reaction for 2-5 min, and the treated water is obtained. The in-situ nitrogen-doped carbon microsphere adsorbent can be obtained.