A switchgear cabinet for a ship

Abstract

The application discloses a switch cabinet for a ship, which comprises a cabinet body, a suspended drawer fixing mechanism, a heat dissipation and air exhaust fan and an air inlet waterproof mechanism. The top of the cabinet body is provided with an air exhaust cavity, the bottom is provided with an air inlet cavity, and the inner walls of the two sides are provided with rail strips. The suspended drawer fixing mechanism slides along the rail strips and is connected with bus terminals. The drawer main body is stably locked through the cooperation of linkage mechanisms such as control rods, connecting rods, swing rods, sliding plates and positioning blocks and positioning holes, so that the stable operation of electrical components under the bumpy environment of ship navigation is ensured. An air flow channel is formed in the cabinet body from bottom to top, cold air passes through multiple drawer main bodies in sequence and is exhausted under the action of the heat dissipation and air exhaust fan, so that the uniformity and efficiency of heat dissipation are improved. The air inlet waterproof mechanism is arranged above the air inlet cavity, a desiccant net barrel is used for dehumidification, and a lifting sleeve drives a sealing plate and a rubber sealing gasket to realize multi-layer sealing under the action of the buoyancy of the buoy, so that the accumulation of water into the cabinet body is prevented, and the safety of electrical components is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine electrical equipment technology, and specifically relates to a switch cabinet for ships. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, ships, as special transportation vehicles navigating long distances, often require high-power electrical equipment inside their hulls. Switchgear, as an important control and protection device in the power system, is widely used inside ships, providing an installation platform and operational protection for electrical components. Existing ship switchgear is mostly of the drawer-type structure, achieving circuit control by installing electrical components within the drawer cabinet. However, several problems still exist in practical use: First, ships are affected by waves and wind during navigation, resulting in frequent vibrations in the engine room. Traditional switch cabinet drawers are often fixed by simple plug-in connections and limit switches, which are insufficient for vibration resistance. When turbulence occurs, drawers may become loose or electrical components may have poor contact, thus affecting the stable operation of the circuit.

[0003] Secondly, the limited internal space of ships, coupled with the multi-layered stacking of switchgear, results in poor heat dissipation. Current switchgear technologies generally rely on natural convection or single-fan exhaust for cooling, but the cooling airflow often fails to evenly cover multiple drawer layers, leading to excessively high temperatures in localized electrical components, shortening their lifespan, and posing safety hazards.

[0004] Secondly, the working environment on ships is complex, with high humidity and a risk of water ingress. When seawater or accumulated water enters the bottom of the cabinet through ventilation openings, it can easily cause short circuits or even failure of electrical components. Existing switchgear typically relies solely on sealing rings for protection, which are insufficient to stop the water flow in time when the ingress volume is large, lacking effective automatic sealing protection measures, resulting in inadequate waterproofing capabilities.

[0005] In summary, existing ship switchgear has shortcomings in terms of seismic resistance, balanced heat dissipation, and waterproof sealing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a marine switchgear that can achieve good heat dissipation, strong shock resistance, and automatic sealing protection when water enters, thereby improving the stability and safety of the equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A switch cabinet for ships includes a support mechanism, the support mechanism including a cabinet body, the top of the cabinet body having an exhaust cavity and the bottom having an air inlet cavity, the inner walls on both sides of the cabinet body being evenly provided with rails, and the interior of the cabinet body being evenly installed with suspended drawer fixing mechanisms, the suspended drawer fixing mechanisms being used to install electrical components. The suspended drawer fixing mechanism includes a drawer body, which slides between two rails on the same horizontal level. The drawer body has grooves on both sides that are adapted to the rails, and a second mesh plate is provided at the bottom of the drawer body. The exhaust cavity is equipped with a heat dissipation fan, which is used to remove hot air from the multiple suspended drawer fixing mechanisms below. A first mesh plate is provided at the top of the air inlet cavity, and an air inlet waterproof mechanism is suspended above the interior of the air inlet cavity. The air inlet waterproof mechanism is used to prevent water from entering the interior of the suspended drawer fixing mechanism through the first mesh plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the suspended drawer fixing mechanism has mounting beams evenly suspended inside, which are used to install electrical components, and handles are symmetrically arranged below the front surface of the drawer body; The track bar surface has positioning holes that are compatible with the positioning block.

[0009] Furthermore, control rods are slidably mounted on the ends of the two handles that are close to each other. The control rods extend beyond the end faces of the handles, and a connecting rod is provided at the rear end of the control rods. First fixing bolts are symmetrically provided at the rear end of the connecting rods, and the first fixing bolts are placed inside the drawer body. A spring is fitted onto the surface of the connecting rod, and the spring is located inside the handle. The spring applies a forward thrust to the control rod.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the drawer bodies has an extension plate symmetrically arranged on the front side of the inner wall, and a swing rod is horizontally rotatably mounted on the surface of the extension plate, with U-shaped grooves opened at both ends of the swing rod; One of the U-shaped grooves is installed on the connecting rod, and the end of the swing rod is placed between the two first fixing bolts.

[0011] Furthermore, slide plates are slidably installed on both sides of the inner wall of the drawer body, and second fixing bolts are symmetrically arranged at the front end of the slide plates. Another U-shaped groove is stuck on the slide plate, and the other end of the swing rod is placed between the two second fixing bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, both sides of the drawer body have sliding through positioning blocks, and a third fixing rod is provided on the side of the two positioning blocks that are close to each other. The third fixing rod is placed inside the drawer body, and the surface of the sliding plate has an inclined track groove, with the third fixing rod placed inside the inclined track groove. The positioning block is adapted to the internal dimensions of the positioning hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the air inlet waterproof mechanism includes an installation box, inside which desiccant mesh barrels are symmetrically installed, and the desiccant mesh barrels are placed at the air inlet. The lower surface of the mounting box is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped grooves. The bottom of the desiccant mesh barrel coincides with the center of one end of the arc-shaped groove. A bushing is rotatably installed at the center of the lower surface of the mounting box. A first extension plate is symmetrically provided on the surface of the bushing. A sealing plate is provided at the end of the first extension plate. The sealing plate slides inside the arc-shaped groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a square rod is fixedly provided at the center of the lower surface of the mounting box, the square rod passes through the bushing, and a baffle is provided at the bottom of the square rod; A lifting sleeve is slidably mounted on the surface of the square rod. The lifting sleeve is positioned above the baffle. A cam groove is provided on the inner wall of the bushing. A compression bolt is provided on the surface of the lifting sleeve. The compression bolt is positioned inside the cam groove.

[0015] Furthermore, three second extension plates are evenly arranged on the surface of the lifting sleeve, and a second float is fixed to the end of the second extension plate; A rubber sealing gasket is provided on the upper surface of the sealing plate, and three mounting rods are evenly arranged at the bottom of the rubber sealing gasket. The mounting rods penetrate the sealing plate, and a first float is provided at the bottom of the mounting rod. The horizontal height of the first float is higher than that of the second float.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention achieves a securely fixed drawer after installation by incorporating a suspended drawer fixing mechanism inside the cabinet, along with sliding grooves and rails on both sides of the drawer body. A linkage mechanism including a control rod, connecting rod, swing rod, and sliding plate is designed at the front end of the drawer body. Combined with the engaging mechanism of positioning blocks and positioning holes, this ensures the drawer body is firmly fixed in place. This structure effectively prevents the drawer body from loosening or shifting due to vibration during ship navigation, thus solving the problems of insufficient shock resistance and poor contact of electrical components in existing switch cabinets, ensuring the stability and reliability of the circuit.

[0017] This invention features an exhaust chamber at the top of the cabinet and an air inlet chamber at the bottom, with a waterproof inlet mechanism installed above the air inlet chamber. This allows cool air to flow from bottom to top through multiple suspended drawer fixing mechanisms and finally be exhausted by a cooling fan, creating an efficient airflow channel. This structure ensures uniform heat dissipation for all electrical components inside the drawers, thus solving the problems of insufficient cooling airflow coverage and excessively high temperatures in localized electrical components found in existing technologies. This improves the safety and lifespan of the equipment.

[0018] This invention incorporates an air intake waterproofing mechanism within the air intake cavity. The desiccant mesh tank inside this mechanism dehumidifies the air. When water enters the air intake channel, the second and first floats, through buoyancy, drive the lifting sleeve and sealing plate in a coordinated manner, gradually achieving multi-layered sealing of the bottom of the desiccant mesh tank. This structure automatically prevents water from entering the cabinet when the ship takes on water, thus solving the problems of limited waterproofing measures and easy damage to electrical components during water ingress in existing technologies. This significantly improves the safety and protection capabilities of the switchgear in marine environments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cabinet's three-dimensional structure according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cabinet and drawer body of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the drawer of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control rod mounting cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal transmission structure of the drawer in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the air inlet waterproof structure of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the air inlet waterproof mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the bushing and the lifting sleeve of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber sealing gasket installation structure of the present invention.

[0020] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Supporting mechanism; 11. Cabinet; 12. Air inlet cavity; 13. Air outlet cavity; 14. Track strip; 141. Positioning hole; 15. First mesh panel; 2. Suspended drawer fixing mechanism; 21. Drawer body; 22. Mounting beam; 23. Second mesh panel; 24. Handle; 25. Slide rail; 26. Control lever; 27. Connecting rod; 271. First fixing bolt; 28. Spring; 29. ​​Extension plate; 210. Swing rod; 211. U-shaped groove; 212. Slide plate; 213. Second fixing bolt; 214. Angled track groove; 215. Positioning block; 216. Third fixing rod; 3. Cooling exhaust fan; 4. Air inlet waterproof mechanism; 41. Mounting box; 42. Desiccant mesh barrel; 43. Arc-shaped groove; 44. Square rod; 441. Baffle; 45. Bushing; 451. Cam groove; 46. First extension plate; 47. Sealing plate; 48. Rubber sealing gasket; 481. Mounting rod; 49. First float; 410. Lifting sleeve; 411. Extrusion bolt; 412. Second extension plate; 413. Second float. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention.

[0022] Example 1: See Figure 1-12 A marine switch cabinet includes a support mechanism 1, which includes a cabinet body 11. The top of the cabinet body 11 has an exhaust chamber 13, and the bottom of the cabinet body 11 has an air inlet chamber 12. Tracks 14 are evenly arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the cabinet body 11. Suspended drawer fixing mechanisms 2 are evenly installed inside the cabinet body 11 for installing electrical components. The exhaust chamber 13 at the top of the cabinet body 11 achieves efficient forced ventilation and heat dissipation by installing a heat dissipation fan 3. The air inlet chamber 12 at the bottom of the cabinet body 11 uses a first mesh plate 15 to block large particles of impurities from entering and keep the interior clean. An air inlet waterproof mechanism 4 is provided above the interior of the air inlet chamber 12 to prevent seawater or accumulated water from flowing back in. The overall structure ensures that the electrical components of the ship can operate stably and be protected in complex marine environments.

[0023] See Figure 4-7 The suspended drawer fixing mechanism 2 has uniformly suspended mounting beams 22 inside. The mounting beams 22 are used to support the installation of various electrical components and ensure their neat arrangement. Handles 24 are symmetrically arranged below the front surface of the drawer body 21 for pulling the drawer body 21 when repairing or replacing electrical components. A second mesh plate 23 is installed at the bottom of the drawer body 21 to maintain internal air circulation and assist in convection heat dissipation. The surface of the track 14 has positioning holes 141 that are adapted to the positioning blocks 215. The cooperation between the positioning blocks 215 and the positioning holes 141 ensures the stability of the drawer body 21 during ship navigation and prevents loosening due to turbulence.

[0024] See Figure 4-7Each of the two handles 24 has a control lever 26 slidably mounted on one end close to the other. The control lever 26 extends beyond the end face of the handle 24 for easy operation. A connecting rod 27 is provided at the rear end of the control lever 26. A first fixing bolt 271 is symmetrically installed at the rear end of the connecting rod 27. The first fixing bolt 271 is placed inside the drawer body 21 and cooperates with the U-shaped groove 211 of the swing rod 210. A spring 28 is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 27. The spring 28 is installed inside the handle 24 and applies a continuous forward pushing force to the control lever 26, ensuring that the control lever 26 is always in the preset position when not under force, thereby enhancing the fixing effect of the drawer body 21.

[0025] See Figure 4-7 The drawer body 21 has symmetrical extension plates 29 on the front side of the inner wall. A swing rod 210 is horizontally rotatably mounted on the surface of the extension plate 29. Both ends of the swing rod 210 are provided with U-shaped grooves 211. One of the U-shaped grooves 211 is installed on the connecting rod 27. The end of the swing rod 210 is placed between two first fixing bolts 271. The control signal is transmitted through the linkage between the first fixing bolts 271 and the swing rod 210, so as to ensure reliable switching between the unlocked and locked states of the drawer body 21.

[0026] See Figure 4-7 The drawer body 21 has sliding plates 212 on both sides of the inner wall. The front end of the sliding plate 212 is symmetrically provided with second fixing bolts 213. Another U-shaped groove 211 is locked on the sliding plate 212. The other end of the swing rod 210 is placed between the two second fixing bolts 213. Through the cooperation of the sliding plate 212 and the swing rod 210, the drawer body 21 can slide smoothly during operation. At the same time, precise control is achieved when the positioning block 215 is released or locked, ensuring that the drawer body 21 can still be stably fixed in the turbulent environment of navigation.

[0027] See Figure 1-7 Both sides of the drawer body 21 have sliding through positioning blocks 215. A third fixing rod 216 is provided on the side of the two positioning blocks 215 that are close to each other. The third fixing rod 216 is placed inside the drawer body 21. The surface of the slide plate 212 has an inclined track groove 214. The third fixing rod 216 is placed inside the inclined track groove 214. When the slide plate 212 moves in the front-back direction, the interaction between the inclined track groove 214 and the third fixing rod 216 drives the positioning blocks 215 to move laterally. The positioning blocks 215 are matched with the size of the positioning holes 141, realizing the automatic locking and unlocking of the drawer body 21, which satisfies both the need for firm fixation and does not affect the air convection and heat dissipation from bottom to top.

[0028] See Figure 8-12The air inlet waterproof mechanism 4 includes an installation box 41. A desiccant mesh canister 42 is symmetrically installed inside the installation box 41. The desiccant mesh canister 42 is used to absorb moisture from the humid air, keeping the air entering the cabinet 11 dry. The desiccant mesh canister 42 is installed at the air inlet and purifies the air. A curved groove 43 is symmetrically formed on the lower surface of the installation box 41. The bottom of the desiccant mesh canister 42 coincides with the center of one end of the curved groove 43. A bushing 45 is rotatably installed at the center of the lower surface of the installation box 41. A first extension plate 46 is symmetrically arranged on the surface of the bushing 45. A sealing plate 47 is installed at the end of the first extension plate 46. The sealing plate 47 slides inside the curved groove 43 and can rotate according to buoyancy, preventing water from entering below the desiccant mesh canister 42.

[0029] See Figure 8-12 A square rod 44 is fixedly installed at the center of the lower surface of the mounting box 41. The square rod 44 passes through the bushing 45 and serves as a guide structure for the lifting sleeve 410. A baffle 441 is provided at the bottom of the square rod 44 to limit the lowest position of the lifting sleeve 410. The lifting sleeve 410 is slidably installed on the surface of the square rod 44. The lifting sleeve 410 can slide up and down along the square rod 44 under the action of external force. A cam groove 451 is provided on the inner wall of the bushing 45. A compression bolt 411 is provided on the surface of the lifting sleeve 410. The compression bolt 411 is placed inside the cam groove 451 and drives the bushing 45 to rotate when the lifting sleeve 410 rises, thereby causing the sealing plate 47 to rotate below the desiccant mesh barrel 42 to achieve sealing protection.

[0030] See Figure 8-12 Three second extension plates 412 are evenly installed on the surface of the lifting sleeve 410. A second float 413 is fixedly installed at the end of the second extension plate 412. The second float 413 provides buoyancy when the water level rises to drive the lifting sleeve 410 to move upward as a whole. A rubber sealing gasket 48 is provided on the upper surface of the sealing plate 47. Three mounting rods 481 are evenly installed at the bottom of the rubber sealing gasket 48. The mounting rods 481 pass through the sealing plate 47 and fix the first float 49 at the bottom. The horizontal height of the first float 49 is higher than that of the second float 413. When the water level continues to rise, the first float 49 generates buoyancy to drive the mounting rods 481 to move upward, further pushing the rubber sealing gasket 48 to fit tightly against the bottom of the desiccant mesh bucket 42, achieving a double seal and ensuring that seawater can still be prevented from entering the cabinet 11 in extreme environments.

[0031] Example 2: See Figure 1-12 The working process of a marine switchgear in actual operation is as follows: First, the user fixes the electrical components to be installed on the mounting beam 22 inside the drawer body 21. The mounting beam 22 is suspended so that the bottom of the electrical components can maintain a gap for ventilation with the second mesh plate 23, thereby forming a good airflow channel during subsequent operation. After the electrical components are installed, the operator pushes the drawer body 21 with the handle 24, so that the slides 25 on both sides of the drawer body 21 slide into the cabinet 11 along the track 14.

[0032] As the drawer body 21 gradually enters the cabinet 11, the electrical terminals at the rear of the drawer body 21 will connect with the bus terminals inside the support mechanism 1 to complete the circuit connection. At the same time, under the push of the spring 28, the positioning block 215 will gradually spring into the positioning hole 141 along the inclined track groove 214 and the linkage with the third fixing rod 216 to achieve stable fixation of the drawer body 21. When the ship is in a turbulent environment, the engagement of the positioning block 215 and the positioning hole 141 can prevent the drawer body 21 from loosening or shifting, and ensure that the electrical components maintain good contact.

[0033] In terms of heat dissipation, after the heat dissipation exhaust fan 3 is started, it will form an airflow from bottom to top. The cold air enters through the air inlet cavity 12 and first passes through the first mesh plate 15 for filtration. Then it enters the air inlet waterproof mechanism 4 installed above the inside of the air inlet cavity 12. When the air passes through the desiccant mesh 42, the humidity is effectively reduced. The dried cold air continues to flow upward and passes through multiple drawer bodies 21 in sequence. The cold air fully contacts the surface of the electrical components and carries away the heat. Finally, it is discharged through the exhaust cavity 13 at the top of the cabinet 11 under the action of the heat dissipation exhaust fan 3, thereby ensuring that the internal temperature of the entire cabinet 11 is maintained within a safe range.

[0034] In terms of waterproofing, when water enters the ship's bottom compartment, the water will first come into contact with the lower end of the air intake chamber 12. If the water level gradually rises, the second float 413 will cause the lifting sleeve 410 to move upward along the square rod 44 due to buoyancy. At this time, the squeeze bolt 411 will be displaced in the cam groove 451, thereby forcing the bushing 45 to rotate, which in turn causes the first extension plate 46 and the sealing plate 47 to rotate along the arc groove 43 until they cover the bottom of the desiccant mesh barrel 42 to form the first layer of seal. If the water level continues to rise, the first float 49 will move upward through the mounting rod 481, pushing the rubber sealing gasket 48 to press tightly against the bottom of the desiccant mesh barrel 42 to achieve the second layer of seal. The double seal effectively prevents water from entering the cabinet 11, thereby avoiding damage to electrical components from immersion.

[0035] Regarding drawer operation, when it is necessary to pull out or replace electrical components, the operator can hold the handle 24 and press the control lever 26 with their thumb. Under the action of external force, the control lever 26 moves inward against the pushing force of the spring 28. The connecting rod 27 drives the first fixing bolt 271 to press the swing rod 210 to cause an angular displacement. The other end of the swing rod 210 is linked with the second fixing bolt 213 to drive the slide plate 212 forward. During the forward movement of the slide plate 212, the third fixing rod 216 is displaced along the inclined track groove 214, which in turn drives the positioning block 215 to exit the positioning hole 141, thereby releasing the fixation of the drawer body 21. At this time, the drawer body 21 can be smoothly pulled out for maintenance. When pushing it back in, after the drawer body 21 is in place again, the positioning block 215 is re-engaged in the positioning hole 141 under the action of the restoring force of the spring 28, completing the re-locking.

[0036] Through the above-described operation process, this embodiment not only achieves stable installation and reliable ventilation and heat dissipation of electrical components during ship navigation, but also realizes automatic sealing protection when the ship takes on water, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of the switch cabinet in the special environment of the ship.

[0037] Example 3: See Figure 1-7 An anti-vibration fixing method for a marine switch cabinet includes a cabinet body 11, a track 14, a drawer body 21, a handle 24, a control rod 26, a connecting rod 27, a first fixing bolt 271, a swing rod 210, a sliding plate 212, a positioning block 215, and a positioning hole 141. The cabinet body 11 has a Q235 carbon steel welded structure to enhance its overall strength, and the track 14 is made of high-strength galvanized steel to prevent corrosion. The drawer body 21 has a 2mm thick stainless steel shell. When electrical components are installed inside, the drawer body 21 is pushed into the cabinet body 11 by the handle 24. The control rod 26, under the thrust of the spring 28 (Φ8×40mm high carbon steel spring), drives the connecting rod 27 and the first fixing bolt 271, which in turn drives the swing rod 210 to rotate. The swing rod 210 is linked with the sliding plate 212 through the second fixing bolt 213, so that the third fixing rod 216 drives the positioning block 215 to accurately engage with the positioning hole 141. This process ensures that the drawer body 21 will not loosen when the ship rolls violently, thereby improving its seismic resistance.

[0038] Comparative Case: Existing ordinary marine switchgear relies solely on drawer slides and simple limit pins for fixation. When a ship is sailing in rough seas, the drawer is prone to loosening due to inertia, leading to poor contact at the bus terminals or even power outages. This embodiment effectively avoids the above problems through a multi-stage interlocking engagement method, significantly improving the stability of circuit operation.

[0039] Example 4: See Figure 1-12A method for uniform heat dissipation of a marine switch cabinet includes a cabinet body 11, an air inlet cavity 12, a first mesh plate 15, an air inlet waterproof mechanism 4, a desiccant mesh barrel 42, an exhaust cavity 13, and a heat dissipation exhaust fan 3. The air inlet cavity 12 is located at the bottom of the cabinet body 11, and the first mesh plate 15 is installed above the air inlet cavity 12. The mesh plate 15 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel wire mesh (model 304) to prevent large particles from entering. The desiccant mesh barrel 42 is installed on the upper part of the air inlet cavity 12, and the barrel 42 is filled with silica gel desiccant particles (3-5mm in diameter) to absorb moisture from the air. The heat dissipation exhaust fan 3 is installed at the top of the exhaust cavity 13 and is a waterproof centrifugal fan (model: DWEX-250S, rated air volume 2000m³ / h), which generates an upward airflow during operation. Cold air enters through the air inlet chamber 12, is dehumidified by the desiccant mesh 42, and then passes through the interior of multiple drawer bodies 21 one by one, carrying away the heat generated by the electrical components. Finally, it is discharged to the outside of the cabinet 11 by the heat dissipation exhaust fan 3, thereby ensuring that the internal temperature of each drawer body 21 drops evenly and avoiding local overheating.

[0040] Comparative Case: Most existing ordinary marine switchgear relies solely on natural convection or a single fan, making it difficult for cold air to penetrate all drawer layers, resulting in excessively high temperatures in the upper drawers and low temperatures in the lower drawers, leading to uneven heat dissipation. This embodiment, through forced ventilation and bottom-up airflow design, ensures uniform distribution of cooling airflow, guaranteeing stable operation of electrical components over a long period of time.

[0041] Example 5: See Figure 8-12 A waterproof sealing embodiment for a marine switch cabinet includes an air inlet chamber 12, a mounting box 41, a desiccant mesh barrel 42, a square rod 44, a baffle 441, a lifting sleeve 410, a compression bolt 411, a bushing 45, a cam groove 451, a first extension plate 46, a sealing plate 47, a rubber sealing gasket 48, a mounting rod 481, a first float 49, and a second float 413. The mounting box 41 is integrally die-cast from aluminum alloy, with an arc-shaped groove 43 at the bottom for guiding the rotation of the sealing plate 47. The lifting sleeve 410 is fitted onto the surface of the square rod 44, which is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel. When water accumulates, the second float 413 (made of closed-cell EVA foam plastic, 50mm in diameter) first generates buoyancy, causing the lifting sleeve 410 to move upward. The squeeze bolt 411 moves in the cam groove 451, driving the bushing 45 to rotate, causing the first extension plate 46 to rotate and cover the bottom of the desiccant mesh bucket 42, forming the first layer of seal. When the water level continues to rise, the first float 49 (made of polypropylene hollow float, 60mm in diameter) drives the mounting rod 481 to move upward, pushing the rubber sealing gasket 48 to fit tightly against the bottom of the desiccant mesh bucket 42, forming the second layer of seal, thus achieving double protection and preventing seawater from entering the cabinet 11.

[0042] Comparative Case: Existing marine switchgear mostly adopts a single sealing ring design. When the ship is severely flooded, the sealing ring is easily damaged by water pressure, resulting in the electrical components being soaked and damaged. This embodiment effectively solves this problem by using an automatic double sealing method driven by a float, ensuring the safety of the electrical system even in extreme conditions.

[0043] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When in use, electrical components are installed inside the mounting beam 22. When the suspended drawer fixing mechanism 2 is closed, a sealed cavity is formed to protect the electrical components. The suspended drawer fixing mechanism 2 is slidably installed into the cabinet 11, so that the slide groove 25 slides into the surface of the track 14. When the drawer body 21 is installed in place, the terminal at the rear end is connected to the bus terminal inside the support mechanism 1 to realize the circuit connection. At the same time, the position of the positioning block 215 corresponds to the positioning hole 141 for fixing. At this time, multiple suspended drawer fixing mechanisms 2 are stacked on top of each other and are in a suspended state. The heat dissipation fan 3 is started to extract the gas inside the cabinet 11. At this time, the cabinet 11 can enter cold air through the air inlet cavity 12 at the bottom. The cold air passes through multiple drawer bodies 21 one by one from bottom to top to take away the heat of the electrical components, thereby realizing the synchronous cooling of multiple suspended drawer fixing mechanisms 2 and improving the heat dissipation effect. Since the spring 28 always maintains a pushing force on the control lever 26, the control lever 26 extends beyond the front surface of the handle 24 when no force is applied. Therefore, when operating the drawer body 21, one can hold the handle 24 and press the control lever 26 with the thumb, causing the connecting rod 27 to move inward. Through the cooperation of the first fixing bolt 271 and the U-shaped groove 211, the swing rod 210 swings at a certain angle. At this time, the other end of the swing rod 210 shifts forward, and through the cooperation of the second fixing bolt 213 and the U-shaped groove 211, the slide plate 212 slides forward. Since the third fixing rod 216 is placed inside the inclined track groove 214, Therefore, when the slide plate 212 slides forward, the positioning block 215 can be moved inward by the cooperation of the inclined track groove 214 and the third fixing rod 216, so that it is disengaged from the positioning hole 141, thereby realizing the sliding operation of the drawer body 21. Conversely, after installation, the spring force of the spring 28 can make the positioning block 215 move outward, so that the positioning block 215 and the positioning hole 141 are engaged and fixed. This structure can ensure that both sides of the drawer body 21 are effectively fixed, and the control linkage mechanism is placed at the edge, so as not to affect the ventilation and heat dissipation from bottom to top, and to prevent movement due to the turbulence of the ship's course. Under normal circumstances, due to the weight of the lifting sleeve 410, it is placed at the bottom of the stroke and is limited by the baffle 441. At this time, the sealing plate 47 is placed inside the arc-shaped groove 43 at one end away from the desiccant mesh barrel 42. External cold air can smoothly pass through the desiccant mesh barrel 42 into the installation box 41, and then pass through the first mesh plate 15 upward. If the ship takes in water, water may enter the support mechanism 1 through the air inlet at the bottom, causing damage to the electrical components. If the water level gradually rises, the water will preferentially generate upward buoyancy on the second float 413. At the same time, since the lifting sleeve 410 slides on the surface of the square rod 44, the lifting sleeve 410 can only slide up and down and cannot rotate. The buoyancy of the second float 413 can drive the lifting sleeve 410 to move upward. At this time, the compression of the cam groove 451 by the compression bolt 411 will cause the bushing 45 to rotate at a certain angle, and then rotate the sealing plate 47 along the surface of the arc groove 43 to the other end until it overlaps with the desiccant mesh barrel 42 to seal the bottom of the desiccant mesh barrel 42 and prevent water from entering. If the water level continues to rise, it can generate upward buoyancy on the mounting rod 481, and then drive the rubber sealing gasket 48 to move upward and stick to the bottom of the desiccant mesh barrel 42 to increase the sealing and prevent water from entering. Three second floats 413 and three first floats 49 are provided to ensure the stability of buoyancy.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. Switchgear cabinet for ships, comprising a support mechanism (1), characterized in that: The support mechanism (1) includes a cabinet (11), the top of the cabinet (11) is provided with an exhaust cavity (13) and the bottom is provided with an air inlet cavity (12). The inner walls on both sides of the cabinet (11) are evenly provided with rails (14). The cabinet (11) is evenly installed with a suspended drawer fixing mechanism (2). The suspended drawer fixing mechanism (2) is used to install electrical components. The suspended drawer fixing mechanism (2) includes a drawer body (21), which slides between two rails (14) on the same horizontal level. The drawer body (21) has grooves (25) on both sides that are adapted to the rails (14), and a second mesh plate (23) is provided at the bottom of the drawer body (21). The exhaust cavity (13) is equipped with a heat dissipation fan (3), which is used to extract the hot air from the multiple suspended drawer fixing mechanisms (2) below. The top of the air inlet cavity (12) is provided with a first mesh plate (15), and the air inlet waterproof mechanism (4) is suspended above the inside of the air inlet cavity (12). The air inlet waterproof mechanism (4) is used to prevent water from entering the suspended drawer fixing mechanism (2) through the first mesh plate (15). The air inlet waterproof mechanism (4) includes an installation box (41), inside which desiccant mesh barrels (42) are symmetrically installed, and the desiccant mesh barrels (42) are placed at the air inlet. The mounting box (41) has symmetrical arc-shaped grooves (43) on its lower surface. The bottom of the desiccant mesh barrel (42) coincides with the center of one end of the arc-shaped groove (43). A bushing (45) is rotatably mounted on the center of the lower surface of the mounting box (41). A first extension plate (46) is symmetrically arranged on the surface of the bushing (45). A sealing plate (47) is provided at the end of the first extension plate (46). The sealing plate (47) slides inside the arc-shaped groove (43). A square rod (44) is fixedly provided at the center of the lower surface of the mounting box (41). The square rod (44) passes through the bushing (45). A baffle (441) is provided at the bottom of the square rod (44). A lifting sleeve (410) is slidably installed on the surface of the square rod (44). The lifting sleeve (410) is placed above the baffle (441). A cam groove (451) is opened on the inner wall of the bushing (45). A pressing bolt (411) is provided on the surface of the lifting sleeve (410). The pressing bolt (411) is placed inside the cam groove (451). The lifting sleeve (410) has three second extension plates (412) evenly arranged on its surface, and the ends of the second extension plates (412) are fixed with second floats (413). A rubber sealing gasket (48) is provided on the upper surface of the sealing plate (47). Three mounting rods (481) are evenly provided at the bottom of the rubber sealing gasket (48). The mounting rods (481) penetrate the sealing plate (47). A first float (49) is provided at the bottom of the mounting rod (481). The horizontal height of the first float (49) is higher than that of the second float (413).

2. A switchgear cabinet for a marine vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspended drawer fixing mechanism (2) has a uniformly suspended mounting beam (22) inside, which is used to install electrical components. The drawer body (21) has handles (24) symmetrically arranged below the front surface. The track bar (14) has positioning holes (141) on its surface that are compatible with the positioning block (215).

3. A switchgear cabinet for a marine vessel according to claim 2, characterised in that: Control rods (26) are slidably installed at the ends of the two handles (24) that are close to each other. The control rods (26) extend beyond the end face of the handles (24). A connecting rod (27) is provided at the rear end of the control rods (26). A first fixing bolt (271) is symmetrically provided at the rear end of the connecting rods (27). The first fixing bolt (271) is placed inside the drawer body (21). A spring (28) is fitted on the surface of the connecting rod (27). The spring (28) is placed inside the handle (24). The spring (28) applies a forward thrust to the control rod (26).

4. A switchgear cabinet for a marine vessel according to claim 3, characterised in that: The drawer body (21) has symmetrical extension plates (29) on the front side of the inner wall. A swing rod (210) is horizontally rotatably mounted on the surface of the extension plate (29). Both ends of the swing rod (210) are provided with U-shaped grooves (211). One of the U-shaped grooves (211) is mounted on the connecting rod (27), and the end of the swing rod (210) is placed between the two first fixing bolts (271).

5. A marine switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drawer body (21) has sliding plates (212) on both sides of its inner wall. The front end of the sliding plate (212) is symmetrically provided with second fixing bolts (213). Another U-shaped groove (211) is stuck on the sliding plate (212). The other end of the swing rod (210) is placed between the two second fixing bolts (213).

6. A marine switchgear according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drawer body (21) has sliding through positioning blocks (215) on both sides. A third fixing rod (216) is provided on the side of the two positioning blocks (215) that are close to each other. The third fixing rod (216) is placed inside the drawer body (21). The surface of the slide plate (212) is provided with an inclined track groove (214). The third fixing rod (216) is placed inside the inclined track groove (214). The positioning block (215) is adapted to the internal dimensions of the positioning hole (141).

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