Two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wood vinegar preparation, in particular to a two-section biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar, which comprises a furnace body, a gasification section, a pyrolysis section and a drying section are arranged in the furnace body, a feed inlet communicated with the drying section is formed in the upper end of the furnace body, a deslagging mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, and a gas collecting hood is arranged in the drying section. The bottom end of the gas collecting hood is open, the middle of the gas collecting hood protrudes upwards gradually, a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe fixedly communicated with the gas collecting hood is installed on the side wall of the drying section, a pyrolysis gas adjusting valve is installed on the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe, an annular heat preservation layer is arranged on the outer side of the pyrolysis section, an annular heat conduction layer is arranged on the inner side of the pyrolysis section, and a gas channel is formed between the heat conduction layer and the side wall of the furnace body. A gas port communicated with the gasification section is formed in the bottom end of the fuel gas channel, the outer side wall of the pyrolysis section is fixedly connected with a reducing gas outlet pipe communicated with the fuel gas channel, and a reducing gas adjusting valve is installed on the reducing gas outlet pipe. The biomass gasification furnace has the effect that high-quality pyroligneous liquor is obtained while combustible gas is produced by the biomass gasification furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wood vinegar preparation, and in particular to a two-stage biomass gasification furnace that produces high-quality wood vinegar. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid byproducts are unavoidable during biomass gasification, primarily consisting of wood vinegar and wood tar. Wood tar can be used as fuel and is relatively easy to recover and reuse. From a market perspective, wood vinegar produced during biomass pyrolysis and carbonization has been developed into various products, such as soil conditioners, plant growth promoters, antibacterial agents, deodorizers, food fumigation liquids (requiring refining), and pharmaceutical raw materials (requiring refining and separation). These products demonstrate significant effectiveness and are environmentally friendly. If high-quality applications of wood vinegar from biomass gasification can be achieved, it will positively promote the adoption of biomass gasification technology and effectively reduce the cost of biomass gasification.

[0003] Although both wood vinegar produced by updraft biomass gasification furnaces and wood vinegar produced by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization are liquid byproducts of biomass thermochemical conversion and are both called "wood vinegar," they differ significantly in production processes, reaction conditions, composition, quality, and applications. The core difference lies in the fact that gasification involves partial oxidation (with the participation of oxygen), while pyrolysis and carbonization are strictly anaerobic thermal decomposition.

[0004] During the production process of updraft biomass gasification furnaces, due to partial oxidation reactions and high-temperature secondary reactions (cracking, reforming, and polymerization), the wood vinegar produced contains higher concentrations of phenolic compounds (especially complex phenols and methoxyphenols), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, furans, aldehydes, and ketones. The high impurity content, complex composition, and potential harmful substances in the produced wood vinegar limit its application in high-value fields (such as agriculture and medicine), and its refining and purification are difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to produce high-quality wood vinegar while producing combustible gas in a biomass gasification furnace, this application provides a two-stage biomass gasification furnace that produces high-quality wood vinegar.

[0006] This application provides a two-stage biomass gasification furnace that produces high-quality wood vinegar, employing the following technical solution: A two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar includes a furnace body. The furnace body contains a gasification section, a pyrolysis section, and a drying section arranged from bottom to top. The upper end of the furnace body has a feed inlet communicating with the drying section, and the lower end of the furnace body has a slag discharge mechanism. The gasification section has an inlet pipe and a manhole. The drying section has a gas collecting hood with an open bottom and a gradually rising center. A pyrolysis gas outlet pipe, fixedly connected to the gas collecting hood, is installed on the side wall of the drying section. A pyrolysis gas regulating valve is installed on the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe. The outer side of the pyrolysis section has an annular insulation layer, and the inner side has an annular heat-conducting layer. A gas combustion channel is provided between the heat-conducting layer and the side wall of the furnace body. The bottom end of the gas combustion channel has a gas inlet communicating with the gasification section. A reducing gas outlet pipe, communicating with the gas combustion channel, is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pyrolysis section. A reducing gas regulating valve is installed on the reducing gas outlet pipe.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, during the production process, biomass raw materials enter the gasifier through the feed inlet, while the slag discharge mechanism can operate continuously or intermittently to discharge the waste slag at the bottom of the furnace. New raw materials entering the furnace first enter the drying section and are indirectly heated by the pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis. As the slag discharge mechanism operates, the raw materials, initially dried in the drying section, move downwards into the pyrolysis section. In the pyrolysis section, the temperature rises from top to bottom. The biomass raw materials collected below the gas collection hood undergo pre-carbonization and pyrolysis carbonization processes, generating pyrolysis gas containing gaseous wood tar and wood vinegar. The pyrolysis gas temperature is approximately 200℃, and it is discharged from the furnace through the gas collection hood. After subsequent cooling, it forms liquid wood vinegar. Simultaneously, some of the heat from the pyrolysis gas is transferred to the raw materials through the gas collection hood, providing heat for the drying of the raw materials.

[0008] After the raw materials undergo pyrolysis in the pyrolysis section, they are converted into biochar, which then continues to enter the gasification section where reduction and oxidation reactions occur, eventually forming slag which is discharged from the slag discharge mechanism.

[0009] The insulation layer reduces heat loss in the pyrolysis section, improving energy efficiency. The heat-conducting layer transfers heat from the high-temperature reducing gas to the raw materials. The high-temperature reducing gas generated in the gasification section enters the gas combustion channel of the pyrolysis section, indirectly heating the raw materials and providing heat for pyrolysis without direct contact. The reducing gas outlet pipe discharges the generated reducing gas, and the reducing gas regulating valve adjusts the discharge rate. Oxygen entering the gasification section reacts and is discharged directly through the reducing gas outlet pipe, preventing it from rising into the pyrolysis section. This creates an oxygen-free environment for the pyrolysis and carbonization of the raw materials, improving the production quality of the wood vinegar.

[0010] At the start of the operation, the raw materials in the gasification section need to be ignited through the equipment manhole to ensure that the raw materials begin to react.

[0011] Preferably, a gas pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pyrolysis section, the gas pipe extends downward to the gasification section and is open at the bottom, and the upper end of the gas pipe is connected to the gas passage.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the gas pipe is extended downward to the gasification section with an opening at the bottom and connected to the gas passage. The reducing gas generated in the gasification section can rise from the gasification section to the pyrolysis section through the gas pipe. During the rise, the sensible heat is transferred to the raw materials in the pyrolysis section through the high-temperature gas pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a pressure sensor is installed in both the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe and the reduction gas outlet pipe. Each pressure sensor is electrically connected to the same controller, which is electrically connected to both the pyrolysis gas regulating valve and the reduction gas regulating valve.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, pressure sensors are installed in the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe and the reduction gas outlet pipe, and the pressure sensors are electrically connected to the same controller. Simultaneously, the controller is electrically connected to the pyrolysis gas regulating valve and the reduction gas regulating valve respectively, enabling real-time monitoring of the pressure in the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe and the reduction gas outlet pipe. When the pressure sensor detects a pressure change, it transmits the signal to the controller. The controller then precisely adjusts the opening of the pyrolysis gas regulating valve and the reduction gas regulating valve according to a preset program, thereby maintaining the pressure in the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe higher than the pressure in the reduction gas outlet pipe. This pressure difference allows the reducing gas in the gasification section to directly enter the reduction gas outlet pipe from the gasification section, restricting the entry of reducing gas into the pyrolysis section. This creates a stable anaerobic environment in the pyrolysis section, ensuring the efficient pyrolysis reaction under anaerobic conditions, which is beneficial for improving the production quality and purity of wood vinegar.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom surface of the furnace body has an opening, and the slag discharge mechanism includes a receiving plate located below the opening. An ash discharge ring plate with an flared opening is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the receiving plate. The ash discharge ring plate is sleeved on the outside of the furnace body. Multiple ash scraping discs located inside the ash discharge ring plate are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the furnace body. Each ash scraping disc is gradually inclined from bottom to top. A drive mechanism for driving the receiving plate to rotate is connected to the receiving plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, an opening is opened on the bottom surface of the furnace body to facilitate slag discharge. The receiving plate is used to receive slag. The flared ash discharge ring plate can collect slag falling from the furnace body. The inclined ash scraper can drive the slag from top to bottom and discharge it from the ash discharge ring plate when the receiving plate rotates. The drive mechanism drives the receiving plate to rotate, so as to achieve effective discharge and cleaning of slag.

[0017] Preferably, the air inlet pipe extends vertically upward through the receiving plate and is provided with a furnace grate, and the air inlet pipe is coaxially arranged with the receiving plate.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the air inlet pipe passes through the receiving plate and is equipped with a conical head with a baffle and an air outlet, which can make the air intake more evenly distributed into the furnace body, limit the local airflow in the furnace body to be too large or too small, and at the same time, the baffle can prevent impurities in the furnace body from falling into the air outlet and causing blockage, thus ensuring the smoothness of air intake.

[0019] Preferably, the upper end of the drying section is provided with a condensation mechanism, which includes a cooling circulating water pipe and a water receiving component located below the cooling circulating water pipe. A water receiving groove is formed on the upper surface of the water receiving component. A drain pipe that penetrates the side wall of the furnace body is fixedly connected to the side wall of the furnace body, and one end of the drain pipe is connected to the water receiving groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the moisture contained in the raw materials evaporates upon heating, and the resulting hot air rises and comes into contact with the cooling circulation pipe, where it is cooled and condensed to form condensate. The condensate falls into the water collection tank on the water receiving component and is discharged from the furnace body along the drain pipe, removing external water from the biomass raw materials to reduce the water content in the wood vinegar. The condensation mechanism removes most of the external water from the biomass raw materials, facilitating the production of high-quality (higher concentration) wood vinegar and reducing the purification cost of wood vinegar.

[0021] Preferably, the cooling circulating water pipe includes at least two annular pipes, and a plurality of inclined branch pipes are fixedly connected between the two annular pipes. Each branch pipe is equipped with condenser fins. An inlet pipe is fixedly connected to one annular pipe, and an outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the other annular pipe. Both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe penetrate the side wall of the furnace body and extend outside the furnace body. The water receiving component includes at least two water receiving rings and a water receiving rod fixedly connected between the two water receiving rings. Each water receiving ring is located below the corresponding annular pipe, and each water receiving rod is inclined and located below the branch pipe. The lower water receiving pipe is fixed and connected to the drain pipe.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, the annular pipe and inclined branch pipe expand the cooling area, the condenser fins increase the heat exchange area, improve the condensation efficiency of pyrolysis gas, and the water receiving ring and water receiving rod can effectively collect condensate and discharge it through the drain pipe, ensuring the smooth production of high-quality wood vinegar.

[0023] Preferably, a water seal pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the drain pipe that extends out of the furnace body.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the water seal pipe ensures that condensate is discharged from the furnace body to the outside in a timely manner, while effectively limiting the discharge of gas from the furnace body and the entry of gas from the outside into the furnace body.

[0025] Preferably, a plurality of vertically arranged vent pipes are fixedly connected within the drying section, and the vent pipes are located below the condensation mechanism.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the ventilation pipe will be inserted into the raw material when it falls, which facilitates the upward flow of water vapor, thereby evaporating the moisture in the raw material.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Ensuring that the pyrolysis reaction proceeds efficiently under anaerobic conditions is beneficial to improving the production quality of wood vinegar; 2. The condensation mechanism removes most of the external water from the biomass raw materials, making it easier to obtain high-quality wood vinegar with low moisture content; 3. The water seal pipe ensures that condensate is discharged from the furnace body in a timely manner, while effectively limiting the discharge of gas from the furnace body and the entry of gas from outside the furnace body. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall structure of the biomass gasification furnace in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the slag discharge mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the condensation mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Furnace body; 11. Gasification section; 12. Pyrolysis section; 121. Heat-conducting layer; 122. Insulation layer; 123. Gas passage; 13. Drying section; 14. Feed inlet; 15. Equipment manhole; 2. Ash discharge mechanism; 21. Receiving plate; 22. Ash discharge ring plate; 23. Ash scraper plate; 3. Condensation mechanism; 31. Cooling circulating water pipe; 311. Ring pipe; 312. Branch pipe 313. Condensing fins; 314. Water inlet pipe; 315. Water outlet pipe; 32. Water receiving fitting; 321. Water receiving ring; 322. Water receiving rod; 323. Water receiving trough; 33. Drain pipe; 34. Water seal pipe; 4. Air inlet pipe; 5. Pyrolysis gas outlet pipe; 51. Gas collection hood; 52. Pyrolysis gas regulating valve; 6. Gas pipe; 7. Reducing gas outlet pipe; 71. Reducing gas regulating valve; 8. Vent pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0033] This application discloses a two-stage biomass gasification furnace that produces high-quality wood vinegar. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2The biomass gasification furnace includes a furnace body 1, a slag discharge mechanism 2 installed at the lower end of the furnace body 1, and a condensation mechanism 3 installed at the upper end of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 internally comprises a gasification section 11, a pyrolysis section 12, and a drying section 13, arranged from bottom to top. A feed inlet 14 is located at the upper end of the furnace body 1, communicating with the drying section 13. The gasification section 11 is equipped with an air inlet pipe 4 for communication with the outside environment and a manhole 15. The manhole 15 connects the inside and outside of the furnace body 1, and a door is installed at the manhole 15 to seal it. The door is hinged to the manhole 15 or connected in other ways. The manhole 15 is used for personnel to enter and exit the equipment and for igniting the internal components of the equipment.

[0034] A pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drying section 13. The pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 5 connects the inside and outside of the furnace body 1, and one end of the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 5 extending into the furnace body 1 is fixed and connected to a gas collecting hood 51. The lower end of the gas collecting hood 51 is open and located at the upper end of the pyrolysis section 12. The middle part of the gas collecting hood 51 gradually rises upward. In this embodiment, the gas collecting hood 51 is a conical gas collecting hood 51. The pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 5 gradually slopes downward along the direction close to the gas collecting hood 51. A gas pressure sensor is installed inside the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 5, and a pyrolysis gas regulating valve 52 is installed at one end of the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 5.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The furnace body 1 in the pyrolysis section 12 includes a heat-conducting layer 121 and an insulation layer 122 disposed inside and outside the furnace body 1. The heat-conducting layer 121 is located inside the furnace body 1, and the insulation layer 122 is in close contact with the outer wall of the furnace body 1. A gas passage 123 is provided between the heat-conducting layer 121 and the furnace body 1, and the lower end of the gas passage 123 has an opening communicating with the gasification section 11. The heat-conducting layer 121 can be made of metal or other materials with thermal conductivity, and the insulation layer 122 can be insulating brick or other insulating materials.

[0036] A vertically arranged gas pipe 6 is provided in the middle of the pyrolysis section 12. There can be one or more gas pipes 6. The lower end of the gas pipe 6 is open and extends into the gasification section 11. The upper end of the gas pipe 6 is bent vertically to one side and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis section 12 and communicates with the gas passage 123. A reducing gas outlet pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pyrolysis section 12. The reducing gas outlet pipe 7 communicates with the gas passage 123. A pressure sensor is also installed inside the reducing gas outlet pipe 7. A reducing gas regulating valve 71 is installed at one end of the reducing gas outlet pipe 7.

[0037] Biomass feedstock enters the gasifier through inlet 14. Upon entering the gasifier, it first comes into contact with the gas collecting hood 51, which is heated by the pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis. The hot gas rises from bottom to top to the top of the drying section 13 of the gasifier, where it comes into contact with the condensation mechanism 3, forming condensate which is then discharged from the furnace body 1. In the drying section 13, the primary function is to remove external water from the biomass feedstock.

[0038] As production progresses, the pre-dried biomass feedstock continues to move downwards into the pyrolysis section 12. Within pyrolysis section 12, the temperature gradually increases from top to bottom, and the biomass feedstock successively completes pre-carbonization and pyrolysis carbonization processes, generating pyrolysis gas. This pyrolysis gas contains gaseous wood tar and wood vinegar. The pyrolysis gas is discharged from the gasifier through the gas collection hood 51 and the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe. The discharge rate of the pyrolysis gas is controlled by adjusting the opening of the pyrolysis gas regulating valve 52.

[0039] After the raw material undergoes pyrolysis in pyrolysis section 12, it produces biochar, which then continues downward into gasification section 11. Gasification section 11 has vertically distributed reduction and oxidation zones. In the reduction zone, the biochar reacts with carbon dioxide and water vapor produced in the oxidation zone to produce reducing gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen. In the oxidation zone, the biochar reacts with incoming air to produce gases such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Simultaneously, the oxidation zone generates a large amount of heat, providing heat for the reduction reaction in the reduction zone. The reducing gas produced in the reduction zone has a high temperature of approximately 600-800℃. This high-temperature reducing gas indirectly transfers its sensible heat, containing a large amount of heat, to the biomass raw material in pyrolysis section 12 through gas pipe 6 and gas passage 123. The discharge rate of the reducing gas is controlled by adjusting the opening of the reducing gas regulating valve 71.

[0040] By controlling the pyrolysis gas regulating valve 52 and the reducing gas regulating valve 71, the gas pressure in the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 5 is always greater than the gas pressure in the reducing gas outlet pipe 7. As a result, the reducing gas does not directly enter the pyrolysis section 12, but is discharged through the gas pipe 6 and the gas passage 123, which reduces the impact on the production of wood vinegar in the pyrolysis section 12.

[0041] The pyrolysis gas and reducing gas discharged from the gasifier are cooled and purified separately. Cooling the pyrolysis gas yields high-quality wood vinegar, while the reducing gas is mainly composed of dust and produces almost no liquid components during the cooling process.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3The condensing mechanism 3 includes a cooling circulating water pipe 31 and a water receiving component 32. The cooling circulating water pipe 31 includes at least two annular pipes 311, which are generally made of metal and have good thermal conductivity. The two annular pipes 311 are arranged vertically, and multiple inclined branch pipes 312 are fixedly connected between them. The branch pipes 312 are also made of metal; the inclined arrangement increases the heat exchange area and improves the condensation effect. Each branch pipe 312 is equipped with condensing fins 313, which can be made of metal, increasing the condensation efficiency by increasing the surface area. An inlet pipe 314 is fixedly connected to one annular pipe 311, and an outlet pipe 315 is fixedly connected to the other annular pipe 311. Both the inlet pipe 314 and the outlet pipe 315 penetrate the side wall of the furnace body 1 and extend outside the furnace body 1 for circulating cooling water.

[0043] The water receiving component 32 includes at least two water receiving rings 321 and a water receiving rod 322 fixedly connected between the two water receiving rings 321. One water receiving ring 321 corresponds to one annular pipe 311, and each water receiving ring 321 is located below the corresponding annular pipe 311. One water receiving rod 322 corresponds to one branch pipe 312, and each water receiving rod 322 is inclined and located below the branch pipe 312. Water receiving grooves 323 are formed on the upper surfaces of both the water receiving rings 321 and the water receiving rods 322.

[0044] A drain pipe 33 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the furnace body 1. One end of the drain pipe 33 extends into the interior of the furnace body 1 and is fixed to the water receiving ring 321 located below. The water receiving groove 323 on the water receiving ring 321 below is connected to the drain pipe 33. In this way, the water formed by the hot water steam during the cooling process will drip into the water receiving groove 323 and be discharged from the furnace body 1 along the water receiving groove 323 and the drain pipe 33.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 A water seal pipe 34 is fixedly connected to one end of the drain pipe 33 extending out of the furnace body 1. In this embodiment, the water seal pipe 34 is a U-shaped water seal pipe 34. Water is always retained inside the water seal pipe 34, which restricts outside air and impurities from entering the furnace body 1 through the drain pipe 33.

[0046] Multiple vent pipes 8 are fixedly connected inside the drying section 13. The vent pipes 8 are arranged vertically. After the raw material enters the drying section 13 and fills the drying section 13, the vent pipes 8 are inserted vertically into the raw material, so that the water vapor in the raw material can flow upward through the vent pipes 8 and be condensed by the condensing mechanism 3.

[0047] The upper end of the vent pipe 8 is higher than the bottom end of the feed inlet 14, which reduces the occurrence of raw materials falling into the vent pipe 8; the lower end of the vent pipe 8 extends to the middle of the drying section 13, ensuring that the water vapor generated by the drying of the raw materials in the lower half of the drying section 13 does not pass through the upper material layer of the drying section 13, but rises through the vent pipe 8, which is beneficial to the drying of the raw materials.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ash removal mechanism 2 includes a receiving plate 21, an ash removal ring plate 22, an ash scraper plate 23, and a drive mechanism for rotating the receiving plate 21. The receiving plate 21 is typically circular and located below the furnace body 1, with an opening at the lower end of the furnace body 1. The ash removal ring plate 22 gradually widens from bottom to top, fitting around the outside of the furnace body 1, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the receiving plate. Multiple ash scraper plates 23 are evenly arranged around the perimeter of the furnace body 1, and each ash scraper plate 23 is fixed to the outer wall at the bottom of the furnace body 1, located inside the ash removal ring plate 22, and gradually inclined from bottom to top.

[0049] Slag falls from the lower end of the furnace body 1 onto the receiving plate 21. As the receiving plate 21 rotates, the scraper plate 23 carries the slag from bottom to top, thus separating the slag from the receiving plate 21 and the ash discharge ring plate 22. The driving mechanism can be a drive system composed of a motor and a reducer, which drives the receiving plate 21 to rotate along its own axis through a chain, belt, or gear transmission method. In this embodiment, a gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the receiving plate 21, and a gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, with the two gears meshing. The receiving plate 21 is rotatably connected to a support frame supported on the ground.

[0050] The air inlet pipe 4 extends vertically upward through the receiving plate 21, and a grate is provided at the upper end of the air inlet pipe 4 to ensure that the gas outside the furnace can smoothly enter the furnace body.

[0051] The implementation principle of a two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar in this application embodiment is as follows: This high-quality wood vinegar production biomass gasification furnace, through the rational arrangement of functional zones within the furnace body 1, enables efficient processing of biomass at different stages. The special design of the condensation mechanism 3 can efficiently reduce the external moisture in the raw materials, facilitating the production of high-quality wood vinegar. Simultaneously, the controller ensures that the gas pressure in the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 5 is always lower than the gas pressure in the reduction gas outlet pipe 7, maintaining an oxygen-free environment in the pyrolysis section 12, limiting the reaction between wood vinegar and oxygen, and further guaranteeing the production of high-quality wood vinegar.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A two-stage biomass gasification furnace that produces high-quality wood vinegar, characterized in that: The furnace includes a furnace body (1), which has a gasification section (11), a pyrolysis section (12), and a drying section (13) arranged from bottom to top inside the furnace body (1). The upper end of the furnace body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (14) communicating with the drying section (13). The lower end of the furnace body (1) is provided with a slag discharge mechanism (2). The gasification section (11) is provided with an air inlet pipe (4) and an equipment manhole (15). The drying section (13) is provided with a gas collecting hood (51) inside. The bottom end of the gas collecting hood (51) is open and the middle gradually rises upward. The side wall of the drying section (13) is equipped with a pyrolysis gas outlet that is fixedly connected to the gas collecting hood (51). A gas pipe (5) is provided, and a pyrolysis gas regulating valve (52) is installed on the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe (5). An annular heat insulation layer (122) is provided on the outer side of the pyrolysis section (12), and an annular heat-conducting layer (121) is provided on the inner side. A gas passage (123) is provided between the heat-conducting layer (121) and the side wall of the furnace body (1). A gas port communicating with the gasification section (11) is provided at the bottom end of the gas passage (123). A reducing gas outlet pipe (7) communicating with the gas passage (123) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pyrolysis section (12). A reducing gas regulating valve (71) is installed on the reducing gas outlet pipe (7).

2. The two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sidewall of the pyrolysis section (12) is fixedly connected to a gas pipe (6), which extends downward to the gasification section (11) and has an open bottom. The upper end of the gas pipe (6) is connected to the gas passage (123).

3. A two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is installed in both the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe (5) and the reduction gas outlet pipe (7). Each pressure sensor is electrically connected to the same controller. The controller is electrically connected to the pyrolysis gas regulating valve (52) and the reduction gas regulating valve (71).

4. A two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the furnace body (1) is provided with an opening. The slag discharge mechanism (2) includes a receiving plate (21) located below the opening. A flared ash discharge ring plate (22) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the receiving plate (21). The ash discharge ring plate (22) is sleeved on the outside of the furnace body (1). Multiple ash scraping discs (23) located inside the ash discharge ring plate (22) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the furnace body (1). Each ash scraping disc (23) is gradually inclined from bottom to top. A drive mechanism for driving the receiving plate (21) to rotate is connected to the receiving plate (21).

5. A two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (4) extends vertically upward through the receiving plate (21) and is equipped with a furnace grate. The air inlet pipe (4) and the receiving plate (21) are coaxially arranged.

6. A two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the drying section (13) is provided with a condensation mechanism (3). The condensation mechanism (3) includes a cooling circulating water pipe (31) and a water receiving component (32) located below the cooling circulating water pipe (31). A water receiving groove (323) is opened on the upper surface of the water receiving component (32). A drain pipe (33) that penetrates the side wall of the furnace body (1) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the furnace body (1). One end of the drain pipe (33) is connected to the water receiving groove (323).

7. A two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling circulating water pipe (31) includes at least two annular pipes (311), and a plurality of inclined branch pipes (312) are fixedly connected between the two annular pipes (311). Each branch pipe (312) is equipped with condenser fins (313). One annular pipe (311) is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe (314), and the other annular pipe (311) is fixedly connected to an outlet pipe (315). The inlet pipe (314) and the outlet pipe (315) both penetrate the side wall of the furnace body (1) and extend outside the furnace body (1). The water receiving component (32) includes at least two water receiving rings (321) and a water receiving rod (322) fixedly connected between the two water receiving rings (321). Each water receiving ring (321) is located below the corresponding annular pipe (311), and each water receiving rod (322) is inclined and located below the branch pipe (312). The water receiving pipe located below is fixed and connected to the drain pipe (33).

8. A two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The drain pipe (33) is fixedly connected to a water seal pipe (34) at one end extending out of the furnace body (1).

9. A two-stage biomass gasification furnace for producing high-quality wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying section (13) is fixedly connected with a plurality of vertically arranged vent pipes (8), which are located below the condensation mechanism (3).

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