Top cover drainage siphon pump vacuum state detection method based on water level slow change and negative pressure cooperative monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses a top cover drainage siphon pump vacuum state detection method based on water level slow change and negative pressure cooperative monitoring, and relates to the technical field of vertical hydro-generator monitoring. By establishing a scientific monitoring mechanism, the vacuum condition of the siphon pump is accurately monitored, the water level slow change logic of the top cover drainage system is combined, the monitoring reliability is improved, meanwhile, the operation efficiency of the siphon pump is monitored in real time, and a powerful guarantee is provided for stable operation and optimal maintenance of the top cover drainage system of the vertical hydro-generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring technology for vertical hydro-generators, specifically to a method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are provided only as background information in connection with this disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] In the roof drainage system of vertical hydro-generators, siphon pumps, utilizing the siphon principle for drainage, only require an auxiliary pump to be activated once to initially establish siphon conditions. Under normal circumstances, they can drain water automatically without consuming electricity, offering significant advantages in energy conservation and emission reduction. More and more hydropower stations are adopting siphon pumps as their standard roof drainage pumps. However, the normal operation of siphon pumps is highly dependent on a good vacuum condition. The airtightness of actual equipment installations on-site is rarely absolutely perfect, which poses a certain reliability risk to siphon pumps. If the siphon condition fails, other types of pumps are needed to ensure the safety of the hydro-generator unit. Failure to detect abnormal vacuum conditions in the siphon pump in time may lead to water accumulation on the roof, threatening the safe and stable operation of the hydro-generator.

[0004] Currently, methods for detecting the vacuum status of siphon pumps have many shortcomings. Traditional methods sometimes rely on periodic manual checks, which are not only inefficient but also unable to provide real-time monitoring and detect subtle changes in the vacuum status. Other methods use simple pressure detection devices, but these are easily affected by complex environmental factors such as water flow fluctuations and pressure pulsations, leading to inaccurate results and failing to provide a reliable guarantee for the reliable operation of the siphon pump. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a detection method that can accurately monitor the vacuum status of siphon pumps and reflect their operating efficiency in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by providing a vacuum status detection method for a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure. By establishing a scientific monitoring mechanism, the vacuum status of the siphon pump can be accurately monitored. Combined with the gradual water level change logic of the top-cover drainage system, the reliability of monitoring is improved. At the same time, the operating efficiency of the siphon pump is monitored in real time, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation and optimized maintenance of the top-cover drainage system of the vertical hydro-generator.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure includes: Step S1: Real-time acquisition of negative pressure data near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve; Step S2: Monitor the water level changes of the top cover drainage system in real time; Step S3: Set the threshold for water level rise rate, the normal threshold range for vacuum degree, and the threshold range for allowable time under abnormal operating conditions; Step S4: Calculate the vacuum level of the siphon pump; Step S5: Based on the vacuum level, water level rise rate, and allowable time threshold range for abnormal operating conditions, determine the vacuum status according to the set water level gradual change logic judgment rules; Step S6: Acquire the drainage flow rate data of the siphon pump in real time; Step S7: Based on vacuum level, water level change data, and drainage flow rate data, establish a siphon pump operating efficiency calculation model and calculate the operating efficiency in real time. ; Step S8: Analyze the vacuum status and operating efficiency. The data is displayed in real time on the monitoring terminal and stored.

[0007] Further, step S1 includes: A negative pressure sensor is installed near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve of the siphon pump; the negative pressure sensor is used to collect negative pressure data near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve in real time.

[0008] Further, step S2 includes: A water level monitoring module is installed in the top cover drainage system to monitor the water level changes of the top cover drainage system in real time.

[0009] Further, step S4 includes:

[0010] in: Vacuum degree; Local atmospheric pressure; This is the absolute pressure measured by the negative pressure sensor.

[0011] Furthermore, the logic judgment rule for the gradual change of water level in step S5 is as follows: a) When the vacuum level is lower than the normal vacuum level threshold and the water level rise rate exceeds the water level rise rate threshold, the siphon pump is determined to be in an abnormal vacuum state. b) When the vacuum level is below the normal threshold range but the water level rise rate is within the normal range, continuous monitoring will be conducted within the allowable time threshold range for abnormal operating conditions. If the vacuum level continues to decrease or the water level subsequently rises abnormally, an alarm will be issued. c) When the vacuum level is within the normal vacuum level threshold range but the water level rise rate exceeds the water level rise rate threshold, an alarm will be issued; d) When the vacuum level is within the normal vacuum threshold range and the water level rise rate is within the normal range, the siphon pump is determined to be in a normal vacuum state.

[0012] Further, step S6 includes: Install a flow sensor on the drainage pipe of the siphon pump to obtain the drainage flow data of the siphon pump in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, the siphon pump operating efficiency calculation model in step S7 includes:

[0014] in: The actual drainage flow rate measured by the flow sensor; The drainage flow rate is calculated based on the parameter theory; This is the influence coefficient of water level changes.

[0015] Furthermore, Calculated using the following formula:

[0016] in: Indicates the flow coefficient; This refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe. This represents the difference in water levels between the upstream and downstream areas.

[0017] Furthermore, the flow coefficient Determined using the following method: Step A: Calculate the velocity coefficient C related to the friction head loss coefficient; Step B: Calculate the friction head loss coefficient based on the velocity coefficient C. ; Step C: Based on the friction head loss coefficient Calculate the flow coefficient .

[0018] Further, step A includes:

[0019] in: For pipe roughness; The hydraulic radius; Step B includes:

[0020] It is the acceleration due to gravity; Step C includes:

[0021] in: This refers to the length of the pipe. This refers to the inner diameter of the pipe. This represents the local loss coefficient throughout the pipeline.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: 1. Improve the accuracy of vacuum status monitoring: By installing a negative pressure sensor near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve, key data on the vacuum status inside the siphon pump can be directly obtained. Combined with the gradual change logic of the top cover drainage system, a comprehensive judgment is made, which effectively avoids the errors and misjudgments of single data monitoring and improves the accuracy and reliability of vacuum status monitoring.

[0023] 2. Real-time monitoring of operating efficiency: The siphon pump operating efficiency calculation model established in this invention can comprehensively consider multiple factors and calculate the operating efficiency of the siphon pump in real time. This provides equipment managers with intuitive equipment operating status information, making it easier to adjust operating parameters in a timely manner, optimize the working performance of the siphon pump, improve drainage efficiency, and reduce operating costs.

[0024] 3. Ensure safe and stable operation of the generator: Accurate vacuum status monitoring and real-time operating efficiency monitoring can promptly detect potential problems during the operation of the siphon pump, and take corresponding maintenance measures in advance to avoid problems such as water accumulation inside the generator caused by siphon pump failure. This ensures the safe and stable operation of the vertical hydro generator and improves the reliability and service life of the power generation equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0027] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0028] Example 1 In the engineering practice of drainage systems for vertical hydroelectric generator roofs, siphon pumps, due to their advantage of "one-time start-up and long-term zero-power drainage," have gradually replaced traditional electric submersible pumps and become an important measure for energy conservation and emission reduction in hydropower stations. However, the continuous and stable operation of siphon pumps relies on the premise of "maintaining sufficient vacuum." Due to on-site installation conditions and long-term vibration, minor leaks can easily occur at pipe joints, vacuum breaking solenoid valves, flange sealing surfaces, and other parts, causing the vacuum level to slowly decrease. If vacuum failure is not detected in time, the water level on the roof will continue to rise, eventually forcing the standby drainage pump to start urgently, or even causing a unit trip, directly threatening the safety of the power station.

[0029] Existing detection methods generally have the following limitations: (1) Manual inspection can only obtain instantaneous readings and cannot achieve 24-hour continuous monitoring; (2) A single negative pressure switch or pressure transmitter is susceptible to water flow pulsation, temperature drift and electromagnetic interference, which may lead to false alarms or missed alarms. (3) The lack of coupled analysis with water level change trends makes it difficult to distinguish between the two failure modes of “minor leakage” and “drainage obstruction”.

[0030] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an online detection method for the vacuum status of siphon pumps that integrates the logic of gradual water level change and the dynamic monitoring of negative pressure, so as to improve the reliability of monitoring and reduce the operation and maintenance costs.

[0031] Therefore, this embodiment proposes a vacuum status detection method for the top cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of water level gradual change and negative pressure. By establishing a scientific monitoring mechanism, the vacuum status of the siphon pump can be accurately monitored. Combined with the water level gradual change logic of the top cover drainage system, the reliability of monitoring is improved. At the same time, the operating efficiency of the siphon pump is monitored in real time, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation and optimized maintenance of the top cover drainage system of the vertical hydro-generator.

[0032] In this embodiment, for details, please refer to... Figure 1 A method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure includes the following steps: Step S1: Real-time acquisition of negative pressure data near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve; Step S2: Monitor the water level changes of the top cover drainage system in real time; Step S3: Set the threshold for water level rise rate, the normal threshold range for vacuum degree, and the threshold range for allowable time under abnormal operating conditions; Step S4: Calculate the vacuum level of the siphon pump; Step S5: Based on the vacuum level, water level rise rate, and allowable time threshold range for abnormal operating conditions, determine the vacuum status according to the set water level gradual change logic judgment rules; Step S6: Acquire the drainage flow rate data of the siphon pump in real time; Step S7: Based on vacuum level, water level change data, and drainage flow rate data, establish a siphon pump operating efficiency calculation model and calculate the operating efficiency in real time. ; Step S8: Analyze the vacuum status and operating efficiency. The data is displayed in real time on the monitoring terminal and stored.

[0033] In this embodiment, specifically, step S1 includes: A negative pressure sensor is installed near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve of the siphon pump; the negative pressure sensor is used to collect negative pressure data near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve in real time; the installation position of the negative pressure sensor is optimized to accurately reflect the vacuum state inside the siphon pump and will not interfere with the normal operation of the siphon pump. It should be noted that, based on design requirements and the site installation environment, a suitable installation location was determined near the vacuum breaker solenoid valve of the siphon pump. This location must ensure that the negative pressure sensor can accurately collect the internal vacuum data of the siphon pump without affecting its normal operation. The negative pressure sensor was securely installed via piping and sealed to prevent external gas interference from affecting measurement accuracy. After installation, preliminary debugging was performed to ensure that the sensor could collect data normally.

[0034] In this embodiment, specifically, step S2 includes: A water level monitoring module is installed in the top cover drainage system to monitor the water level changes of the top cover drainage system in real time; It should be noted that during installation, the installation height and angle must be ensured to accurately monitor water level changes. After installation, calibration should be performed to ensure it accurately reflects the actual water level.

[0035] In this embodiment, it should be noted that step S3 includes: Based on the design parameters and actual operating requirements of the siphon pump, determine the lower and upper limits of the vacuum threshold during normal operation of the siphon pump; Based on the design drainage capacity and actual operating experience of the top cover drainage system, a threshold for the water level rise rate is set. This threshold is used to analyze the water level change in conjunction with the subsequent judgment of the siphon pump vacuum status. Based on the design parameters, drainage capacity, and actual operating experience of the siphon pump, a critical operating condition allowable time range is set where the vacuum level is below the normal threshold and the water level rise rate is within the normal range. This threshold is used to subsequently determine the vacuum status of the siphon pump.

[0036] In this embodiment, specifically, step S4 includes:

[0037] in: Vacuum degree; Local atmospheric pressure; The absolute pressure measured by the negative pressure sensor; For example, if the current atmospheric pressure The absolute pressure measured by the negative pressure sensor is 101.325 kPa. If the pressure is 10 kPa, then the current vacuum level of the siphon pump is... .

[0038] In this embodiment, the specific logic judgment rule for the gradual change of water level in step S5 is as follows: a) When the vacuum level is lower than the normal vacuum level threshold and the water level rise rate exceeds the water level rise rate threshold, the siphon pump is determined to be in an abnormal vacuum state. b) When the vacuum level is below the normal threshold range but the water level rise rate is within the normal range, this situation may be due to a slight leak in the system. However, the current drainage demand is small, and the siphon pump can still barely maintain the water level stability. At this time, continuous monitoring should be strengthened. If the vacuum level continues to drop or the water level rises abnormally afterward within the set time limit for abnormal operating conditions, an alarm signal will be sent to the monitoring terminal to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to conduct further inspection and handling. c) When the vacuum level is within the normal vacuum level threshold range but the water level rise rate exceeds the water level rise rate threshold, it may be due to blockage of the drainage pipe or a sudden decrease in the drainage efficiency of the siphon pump. In this case, the monitoring terminal will issue an alarm signal to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to further check the operation of the drainage pipe and the siphon pump. d) When the vacuum level is within the normal vacuum threshold range and the water level rise rate is within the normal range, the siphon pump is determined to be in a normal vacuum state.

[0039] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the real-time monitoring of the siphon pump's operating efficiency is closely related to the vacuum state detection method. Vacuum state is one of the key factors affecting the siphon pump's operating efficiency. Vacuum data collected by the negative pressure sensor is not only used to determine the siphon pump's vacuum state but also serves as an important parameter in the operating efficiency calculation model. When the siphon pump is in an abnormal vacuum state, its operating efficiency is often affected. Simultaneously, by combining the water level change data of the top cover drainage system and the siphon pump's drainage flow rate data (which can be obtained by installing a flow sensor), a siphon pump operating efficiency calculation model is established, enabling real-time calculation of the siphon pump's operating efficiency. Monitoring the operating efficiency further verifies the accuracy of the vacuum state judgment and helps equipment managers gain a more comprehensive understanding of the siphon pump's performance.

[0040] In this embodiment, specifically, step S6 includes: Install a flow sensor on the drainage pipe of the siphon pump to obtain the drainage flow data of the siphon pump in real time; It should be noted that during installation, a suitable installation point must be selected on the siphon pump's drainage pipe based on the site environment to ensure that the flow sensor can accurately measure the drainage flow rate after installation. After installation, check the sealing of the connection between the flow sensor and the pipe, and perform flow measurement calibration.

[0041] In this embodiment, specifically, the siphon pump operating efficiency calculation model in step S7 includes:

[0042] in: The actual drainage flow rate measured by the flow sensor; The drainage flow rate is calculated based on the parameter theory; This is a coefficient that incorporates the influence of water level changes; it can be derived by fitting actual operational data.

[0043] In this embodiment, specifically, Calculated using the following formula:

[0044] in: Indicates the flow coefficient; This refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe. This refers to the difference in water levels between the upstream and downstream areas; it should be noted that... The vacuum level V of the siphon pump is directly related to the pump's vacuum level; specifically, the higher the vacuum level V, the lower the water level the pump can pull. The larger it is; furthermore, Calculated using the following formula:

[0045] in: The fixed geometric height difference between the centerline of the siphon pump and the overflow port of the top cover; This is the density of water.

[0046] In this embodiment, specifically, the flow coefficient Determined using the following method: Step A: Calculate the velocity coefficient C related to the friction head loss coefficient; Step B: Calculate the friction head loss coefficient based on the velocity coefficient C. ; Step C: Based on the friction head loss coefficient Calculate the flow coefficient .

[0047] In this embodiment, specifically, step A includes:

[0048] in: This refers to the pipe roughness; it should be noted that the pipe roughness n value can be determined according to the pipe material, such as 0.014 for steel pipes. The hydraulic radius; Step B includes:

[0049] It is the acceleration due to gravity; Step C includes:

[0050] in: This refers to the length of the pipe. This refers to the inner diameter of the pipe. This represents the local loss coefficient throughout the pipeline.

[0051] Example 2 Example 2, based on the vacuum status detection method for top cover drainage siphon pumps based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure proposed in Example 1, also proposes a vacuum status detection system for top cover drainage siphon pumps based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure, specifically including: A negative pressure sensor is placed near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve of the siphon pump to obtain the absolute pressure inside the siphon pump in real time. The water level monitoring module is installed in the top cover drainage system to collect water level height in real time and calculate the rate of water level rise. A flow sensor is installed in the drainage pipe of the siphon pump to measure the actual drainage flow rate in real time. The data processing unit is communicatively connected to the negative pressure sensor, water level monitoring module, and flow sensor, and is configured as follows: The real-time vacuum degree of the siphon pump is calculated based on the absolute pressure and the local atmospheric pressure. The real-time vacuum level is combined with a preset vacuum level threshold range, and the water level rise rate is combined with a preset water level rise rate threshold to output the vacuum status result of the siphon pump. The operating efficiency of the siphon pump is calculated in real time based on the real-time vacuum level, actual drainage flow rate, and theoretical drainage flow rate calculated from the pipeline parameters. The data storage unit is communicatively connected to the data processing unit and is used to store the absolute pressure, water level, actual drainage flow, vacuum status results, and operating efficiency, etc. The monitoring terminal is communicatively connected to the data processing unit and is used to display the vacuum status results and operating efficiency, and to issue an alarm signal when an abnormality is detected.

[0052] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the specific construction process of the above-mentioned vacuum status detection system for top cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of water level gradual change and negative pressure is as follows: Step 1: Install the negative pressure sensor. Based on design requirements and the site environment, determine a suitable installation location near the vacuum breaker solenoid valve of the siphon pump. This location must ensure that the negative pressure sensor can accurately collect internal vacuum data from the siphon pump without affecting its normal operation. Securely install the negative pressure sensor via piping and seal it to prevent external gas interference from affecting measurement accuracy. After installation, perform initial debugging to ensure the sensor can collect data normally.

[0053] Step Two: Install the water level monitoring module. Install the water level monitoring module at a suitable location in the top cover drainage system, ensuring that its installation height and angle can accurately monitor water level changes. After installation, calibrate it to ensure it accurately reflects the actual water level.

[0054] Step 3: Install the flow sensor. Select a suitable installation point on the siphon pump's drainage pipe, taking into account the site environment, to ensure the flow sensor can accurately measure the drainage flow rate after installation. After installation, check the sealing of the connection between the flow sensor and the pipe, and perform flow measurement calibration.

[0055] Step 4: Connect the data transmission lines. Connect the negative pressure sensor, water level monitoring module, and flow sensor to the data processing unit via the data transmission lines, ensuring the connections are secure and tight. Test the entire hardware connection system to check if data can be transmitted normally to the data processing unit.

[0056] Complete the hardware system setup so that each sensor can collect data normally and transmit it to the data processing unit.

[0057] In this embodiment, it should be noted that after the above-mentioned vacuum status detection system for the top cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of water level gradual change and negative pressure is built, the following parameters are set: Step 1: Set the vacuum threshold range. In the data processing unit, based on the design parameters and actual operating requirements of the siphon pump, determine the lower and upper limits of the vacuum threshold during normal operation of the siphon pump, and input them into the parameter setting module of the data processing unit.

[0058] Step 2: Set the water level rise rate threshold. Based on the design drainage capacity and actual operating experience of the top cover drainage system, set a water level rise rate threshold. This threshold is used to analyze the siphon pump vacuum status in conjunction with water level changes, and the data is then entered into the data processing unit.

[0059] Step 3: Setting the allowable time range for abnormal operating conditions. Based on the design parameters, drainage capacity, and actual operating experience of the siphon pump, set the allowable time range for critical operating conditions where the vacuum level is below the normal threshold and the water level rise rate is within the normal range. This threshold is used to subsequently determine the vacuum status of the siphon pump and record it into the data processing unit.

[0060] Step 4: Set the parameters for the operating efficiency calculation model. Based on the material, dimensions, and other parameters of the siphon pump drainage pipe, determine the relevant parameters in the operating efficiency calculation model, such as the pipe roughness coefficient n and the local loss coefficients. The parameters, such as the influence coefficient K, are accurately input into the data processing unit.

[0061] Step 5: Set up the monitoring terminal and data storage unit. Design and configure the display interface of the monitoring terminal, including the displayed content (such as vacuum level, water level, operating efficiency, etc.), display format, alarm prompts, etc.; at the same time, set the storage format of the data storage unit to ensure that the monitoring data can be effectively stored for easy subsequent retrieval and analysis.

[0062] After the system parameters are set, the data processing unit will have the ability to process and analyze data according to the set rules.

[0063] In this embodiment, it should be noted that after the construction and parameter settings of the vacuum status detection system for the top cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of water level changes and negative pressure are completed, the operation monitoring and analysis are carried out. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Data Acquisition and Transmission. After the system is put into operation, the negative pressure sensor collects negative pressure data near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve of the siphon pump in real time, the water level monitoring module monitors the water level change data of the top cover drainage system in real time, and the flow sensor acquires the drainage flow data of the siphon pump in real time. These data are then transmitted to the data processing unit through the data transmission line.

[0064] Step Two: Data Processing and Analysis. After receiving the data, the data processing unit performs real-time analysis and processing on the collected data according to the set water level gradual change logic judgment rules and operating efficiency calculation model. Based on the vacuum degree calculation formula and judgment rules, the vacuum state of the siphon pump is determined. According to the operating efficiency calculation model, the real-time operating efficiency of the siphon pump is calculated.

[0065] Step 3: Anomaly Handling and Alarms. Combining the siphon pump vacuum status judgment rules and efficiency calculation model, the final siphon pump vacuum status is displayed. When an abnormal siphon pump vacuum status or low operating efficiency is detected, the monitoring terminal promptly issues an alarm signal and displays specific anomaly information on the display interface, including the anomaly type, anomaly time, and relevant data, reminding maintenance personnel to take appropriate measures.

[0066] Step 4: Data Storage. The data storage unit stores all monitoring data, including negative pressure data, water level data, flow rate data, operating efficiency data, and abnormal alarm information, for a long period of time. The stored data is classified and organized according to a set format.

[0067] By monitoring the vacuum status and operating efficiency of the siphon pump in real time, abnormal situations can be detected and alarms can be triggered in a timely manner. At the same time, the monitoring data is stored to provide data support for equipment optimization and maintenance.

[0068] The embodiments described above merely illustrate specific implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are detailed and specific, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the technical solution of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0069] This background section is provided to generally present the context of the invention. The work of the currently named inventors, the work to the extent described in this background section, and aspects of this section that did not constitute prior art at the time of application are neither expressly nor impliedly acknowledged as prior art to the invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Real-time acquisition of negative pressure data near the vacuum breaking solenoid valve; Step S2: Monitor the water level changes of the top cover drainage system in real time; Step S3: Set the threshold for water level rise rate, the normal threshold range for vacuum degree, and the threshold range for allowable time under abnormal operating conditions; Step S4: Calculate the vacuum level of the siphon pump; Step S5: Based on the vacuum level, water level rise rate, and allowable time threshold range for abnormal operating conditions, determine the vacuum status according to the set water level gradual change logic judgment rules; Step S6: Acquire the drainage flow rate data of the siphon pump in real time; Step S7: Based on vacuum level, water level change data, and drainage flow rate data, establish a siphon pump operating efficiency calculation model and calculate the operating efficiency in real time. ; Step S8: Analyze the vacuum status and operating efficiency. The data is displayed in real time on the monitoring terminal and stored.

2. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: A negative pressure sensor is installed near the vacuum break solenoid valve of the siphon pump; the negative pressure sensor is used to collect negative pressure data near the vacuum break solenoid valve in real time.

3. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level changes and negative pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: A water level monitoring module is installed in the top cover drainage system to monitor the water level changes of the top cover drainage system in real time.

4. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level change and negative pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: in: Vacuum degree; Local atmospheric pressure; This is the absolute pressure measured by the negative pressure sensor.

5. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level change and negative pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The logic rules for judging the gradual change of water level in step S5 are as follows: a) When the vacuum level is lower than the normal vacuum level threshold and the water level rise rate exceeds the water level rise rate threshold, the siphon pump is determined to be in an abnormal vacuum state. b) When the vacuum level is below the normal threshold range but the water level rise rate is within the normal range, continuous monitoring will be conducted within the allowable time threshold range for abnormal operating conditions. If the vacuum level continues to decrease or the water level subsequently rises abnormally, an alarm will be issued. c) When the vacuum level is within the normal vacuum level threshold range but the water level rise rate exceeds the water level rise rate threshold, an alarm will be issued; d) When the vacuum level is within the normal vacuum threshold range and the water level rise rate is within the normal range, the siphon pump is determined to be in a normal vacuum state.

6. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level change and negative pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6 includes: Install a flow sensor on the drainage pipe of the siphon pump to obtain the drainage flow data of the siphon pump in real time.

7. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level change and negative pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The siphon pump operating efficiency calculation model in step S7 includes: in: The actual drainage flow rate measured by the flow sensor. The drainage flow rate is calculated based on the parameter theory. This is the influence coefficient of water level changes.

8. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level change and negative pressure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Calculated using the following formula: in: Indicates the flow coefficient; This refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe. This represents the difference in water levels between the upstream and downstream areas.

9. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level change and negative pressure as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Flow coefficient Determined using the following method: Step A: Calculate the velocity coefficient C related to the friction head loss coefficient; Step B: Calculate the friction head loss coefficient based on the velocity coefficient C. ; Step C: Based on the friction head loss coefficient Calculate the flow coefficient .

10. The method for detecting the vacuum status of a top-cover drainage siphon pump based on the coordinated monitoring of gradual water level change and negative pressure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Step A includes: in: For pipe roughness; The hydraulic radius; Step B includes: It is the acceleration due to gravity; Step C includes: in: This refers to the length of the pipe. This refers to the inner diameter of the pipe. This represents the local loss coefficient throughout the pipeline.

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