Bridge type sensor for civil engineering experiments

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of detection elements, in particular to a bridge type sensor for civil engineering experiments, which comprises a concrete bottom plate, a concrete top plate, a margin adjusting mechanism arranged on the upper surface of the concrete bottom plate, a plate interval area detection mechanism arranged on the margin adjusting mechanism and a detection element clamped in the plate interval area detection mechanism. The concrete bottom plate is used as a control section, the margin adjusting mechanism is arranged on the concrete bottom plate, the detection element is installed on two sliding frames by using the plate interval area detection mechanism, when the detection of the to-be-detected surfaces of different areas of the concrete bottom plate and the concrete top plate is needed, the two sliding frames are horizontally moved by using a screw rod, until the clamped detection element moves along the gap between the concrete bottom plate and the concrete top plate, the gap between the concrete bottom plate and the concrete top plate is simulated as the gap of a bridge, and finally the detection element can selectively detect the strength of each area in the simulated bridge gap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of detection element technology, specifically a bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments. Background Technology

[0002] In civil engineering experiments, sensing elements are mainly used for structural strain testing and weight measurement. A sensing element is an electronic measuring device designed based on the Wheatstone bridge principle, primarily used for the precise measurement of physical quantities such as force, weight, and pressure. Its core consists of a full-bridge structure composed of four strain gauges, or a half-bridge structure composed of two strain gauges and a supplementary resistor. It works by converting resistance changes caused by stress deformation into an electrical voltage signal output.

[0003] Currently, in civil engineering experiments, detection elements need to be used in conjunction with concrete slabs to simulate the load-bearing capacity of actual bridges or other civil structures. Existing bridge slab sensors need to be pre-fixed on the control section, and then a hydraulic device is used to place the simulated concrete slab on top of the sensor as required. However, this simulation experiment has certain drawbacks. During the detection period, the sensor is located in the gap of the simulated bridge body, but it is difficult to adjust the horizontal or vertical distance of the sensor at the fixed point within the gap of the simulated bridge body. Therefore, the detection range of other areas within the simulated bridge is quite limited.

[0004] In view of this, a bridge-type sensor for civil engineering experiments was designed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0006] Therefore, the technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A bridge-type sensor for civil engineering experiments includes a concrete base slab and a concrete top slab, an edge distance adjustment mechanism disposed on the upper surface of the concrete base slab, a plate-to-plate area detection mechanism disposed on the edge distance adjustment mechanism, and a detection element clamped within the plate-to-plate area detection mechanism. The detection element is used to perform structural strength testing on the concrete base slab and concrete top slab of the simulated bridge. The edge distance adjustment mechanism includes an auxiliary slide and a main slide movably mounted on the top of the concrete base slab, and a fixing plate fixedly mounted on the auxiliary slide and the main slide. The outer walls of both the auxiliary slide and the main slide are provided with... The system includes a slide groove, a support plate movably mounted in the slide groove on the outer wall of the main slide, a progressive screw movably mounted on the support plate, two traction frames movably mounted at both ends of the progressive screw, a vertical shaft fixedly mounted at the other end of the traction frame, and pads movably mounted on the vertical shaft; the number of pads is two; the inter-plate area detection mechanism includes two first clamps and two second clamps, and a slide seat is movably mounted in the middle of adjacent first clamps and second clamps, with two pads fixedly mounted on the two slide seats respectively, the number of slide seats is two, and the detection element is located on the top of the two slide seats.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be further configured as follows: the slide includes two bolts fixedly mounted on its outer wall, an outer washer mounted outside the two bolts, a washer movably mounted in a hole in the outer wall of the slide, a tension spring connected to the inner end of the washer, an extended horizontal shaft movably mounted inside the slide and extending into the tension spring, two limiting plates fixedly mounted outside the extended horizontal shaft, and two gears.

[0009] The first clamp and the second clamp are each movably mounted with an extended lever arm at their outer ends, a first clamping plate movably mounted at the top of the extended lever arm, a top pad movably mounted at the other end of the first clamping plate, and a support rod fixedly mounted on the top of the top pad. A load-bearing plate is mounted on the outside of the support rod.

[0010] The load-bearing plate, raised to its highest position, serves as a support platform for the concrete roof slab, facilitating the adjustment of the clamped detection elements.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: springs are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the positioning frame and the outer wall of the load-bearing plate; a pad is fixedly installed inside the positioning frame; a limiting bracket is inserted into the pad; a top pressure head is installed at the top of the limiting bracket; a bottom sleeve is movably installed on the outer end shaft of the positioning frame; a second clamping plate is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom sleeve; and the top of the second clamping plate is movably installed in a slide inside the top pressure head.

[0012] The bottom sleeve has two vertical slots inside that are adapted to the limiting feet, and the limiting feet are adapted to pass through the two vertical slots.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be further configured such that the edge adjustment mechanism further includes a housing installed on the side of the concrete base plate, a motor fixedly installed inside the housing, and a lead screw fixedly installed on the motor;

[0014] The outer end of the main carriage is provided with an end plate, and the interior of the end plate is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the lead screw.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be further configured such that a scale adapted to fit the upper surface of the concrete base plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer side of the main slide.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that two symmetrically distributed transverse grooves are provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the slide block.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: a T-shaped slider adapted to penetrate into the transverse groove is fixedly installed at the bottom of both the first clamp and the second clamp, and a rack is fixedly installed in the hole at the inner end of the first clamp and the second clamp.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: the outer end of the extended horizontal shaft is provided with a cross-shaped insert, and the interior of the outer gasket is provided with a slot adapted to the outermost cross-shaped insert of the extended horizontal shaft.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that the limiting bracket is welded together from a ring and two arc-shaped supports, and the inner side of the arc-shaped supports is adapted to bear pressure on the detection end of the top of the detection element.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured such that: the bottom of the bottom sleeve has a cylindrical hole adapted to be snapped onto the top detection end of the detection element, and the two bottom sleeves are extended outward to calibrate and fix the detection element.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention uses a concrete base slab as the control section and sets an edge distance adjustment mechanism on the concrete base slab. The detection element is installed on two carriages using a plate-to-plate area detection mechanism. When it is necessary to detect the test surfaces of different areas of the concrete base slab and the concrete top slab, the two carriages are moved laterally by a lead screw until the clamped detection element moves along the gap between the concrete base slab and the concrete top slab. By simulating the gap between the concrete base slab and the concrete top slab as the gap of a bridge, the detection element can selectively detect the strength of each area within the simulated bridge gap.

[0023] 2. This invention controls the outward extension of the support plate and two traction frames by adjusting the advance screw. Ultimately, the two pads control the outward expansion of the combined two slides. As the two slides expand outward, the two alignment frame plates, together with the two springs, enhance the stability of the bottom sleeve head on the detection element, thereby increasing the locking force of the top detection head of the detection element. This ensures that the detection element slides along the gap between the two plates without abnormal shaking or loosening, thus ensuring that the displacement detection element accurately detects the strength of the two plates behind the simulated bridge.

[0024] 3. By adjusting the reversal of the extended horizontal axis, when the detection element moves laterally along the plate gap, the reversed extended horizontal axis will control the two symmetrically distributed first clamps and two second clamps to extend outward, and finally the two top pressure heads will be exposed on the lower surface of the concrete top slab, thereby facilitating the convenient detection of the concrete top slab by the detection element. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the edge adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial diagram of the explosion;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the inter-plate area detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the slide and extended horizontal axis of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the alignment frame and bottom sleeve of the present invention.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 100. Concrete base slab;

[0035] 200. Edge adjustment mechanism; 210. Chassis; 2101. Motor; 2102. Lead screw; 220. Auxiliary slide; 2201. Fixing plate; 230. Main slide; 2301. Scale; 240. Support plate; 2401. Progressive lead screw; 2402. Traction frame; 2403. Vertical shaft; 2404. Foot pad;

[0036] 300. Inter-plate area detection mechanism; 310. Slide block; 3101. Bolt; 3102. Outer washer; 3103. Washer; 3104. Tension spring; 320. First clamping member; 330. Second clamping member; 340. Extended lever arm; 3401. First clamping plate; 3402. Top pad; 3403. Support rod; 350. Load-bearing plate; 360. Extended horizontal shaft; 3601. Gear; 3602. Limiting plate; 370. Alignment frame plate; 3701. Spring; 3702. Pad; 3703. Limiting bracket; 3704. Top pressure head; 3705. Bottom sleeve head; 3706. Second clamping plate;

[0037] 400. Detection element;

[0038] 500. Concrete roof slab. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0040] It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0041] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present invention, providing a bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] Combination Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a bridge-type sensor for civil engineering experiments, comprising a concrete base slab 100 and a concrete top slab 500, a side distance adjustment mechanism 200 disposed on the upper surface of the concrete base slab 100, an inter-slab area detection mechanism 300 disposed on the side distance adjustment mechanism 200, and a detection element 400 clamped within the inter-slab area detection mechanism 300. The side distance adjustment mechanism 200 is used to drive the detection element 400 to perform multi-region selected detection along the concrete base slab 100 and the concrete top slab 500. The inter-slab area detection mechanism 300 is used to provide calibration protection during the transfer of the detection element 400 and to increase the range of pressure measurement on the surface of the concrete top slab 500. The detection element 400 is used to perform structural strength detection on the concrete base slab 100 and the concrete top slab 500 of the simulated bridge, and the detection element 400 is a sensor.

[0044] The edge adjustment mechanism 200 includes an auxiliary slide 220 and a main slide 230 movably mounted on the top of the concrete base slab 100, and a fixing plate 2201 fixedly mounted on the auxiliary slide 220 and the main slide 230. The fixing plate 2201 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary slide 220 and the main slide 230 by bolts. The outer walls of the auxiliary slide 220 and the main slide 230 are provided with grooves. A support plate 240 is movably mounted in the groove on the outer wall of the main slide 230, and a advancing screw 2401 is movably mounted on the support plate 240. Two traction frames 2402 are movably installed at both ends of the advancing lead screw 2401, and the advancing lead screw 2401 is a bidirectional lead screw. The two traction frames 2402 are symmetrically distributed with the advancing lead screw 2401 as the center. The vertical shaft 2403 is fixedly installed at the other end of the traction frame 2402. The pad 2404 is movably installed on the vertical shaft 2403. The housing 210 is installed on the side of the concrete base plate 100. The motor 2101 is fixedly installed inside the housing 210. The lead screw 2102 is fixedly installed on the motor 2101.

[0045] The outer end of the main slide 230 is provided with an end plate, and the interior of the end plate is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the lead screw 2102;

[0046] A scale 2301 adapted to fit the upper surface of the concrete base plate 100 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the outer side of the main slide 230.

[0047] There are two 2404 pads;

[0048] The inter-plate area detection mechanism 300 includes two first clamps 320 and two second clamps 330, and a slide 310 is movably installed in the middle of adjacent first clamps 320 and second clamps 330. Two pads 2404 are respectively fixedly installed on the two slides 310. There are two slides 310. The detection element 400 is set on the top of the two slides 310.

[0049] Two bolts 3101 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the slide block 310. An outer washer 3102 is installed on the outside of the two bolts 3101. A washer 3103 is movably installed in the hole in the outer wall of the slide block 310. A tension spring 3104 is connected to the inner end of the washer 3103. An extended horizontal shaft 360 is movably installed inside the slide block 310 and passes through the tension spring 3104. Two limit plates 3602 and two gears 3601 are fixedly installed on the outside of the extended horizontal shaft 360.

[0050] An extended lever arm 340 is movably mounted on the outer ends of both the first clamp 320 and the second clamp 330. The first clamping plate 3401 is movably mounted on the top end of the extended lever arm 340. The top pad 3402 is movably mounted on the other end of the first clamping plate 3401. The support rod 3403 is fixedly mounted on the top of the top pad 3402, and a load-bearing plate 350 is mounted on the outside of the support rod 3403.

[0051] The load-bearing plate 350, raised to its highest position, serves as a support platform for the concrete top slab 500, facilitating the adjustment of the clamped detection element 400.

[0052] After the concrete base plate 100 is fixed on the test bench, the machine box 210 is fixed on the side of the concrete base plate 100. When the motor 2101 is powered on and started, its internal transmission shaft will cooperate with the lead screw 2102 to push the main slide 230, the fixed plate 2201 and the auxiliary slide 220 to move laterally.

[0053] At this time, the plate area detection mechanism 300 set on the top of the auxiliary slide 220 and the main slide 230 will carry the detection element 400 to move along the gap between the concrete base plate 100 and the concrete top plate 500 until the detection element 400 moves to the selected position of the gap between the concrete base plate 100 and the concrete top plate 500 while maintaining the calibration state. Then the motor 2101 will be stopped. As the concrete top plate 500 is compressed and cooperates with the concrete base plate 100 to simulate the compression state of the bridge structure, the displacement detection element 400 can perform real-time detection of the structural strength of the concrete base plate 100 and the concrete top plate 500 after simulating the bridge. The moved device is subjected to longitudinal compression by the concrete base plate 100 and the concrete top plate 500. Therefore, the auxiliary slide 220 and the main slide 230 will remain stable on the upper surface of the concrete base plate 100, and the scale 2301 will also remain stable for distance measurement.

[0054] As the extended horizontal axis 360 reverses, the two gears 3601 installed on its exterior will help the two first clamps 320 and the two second clamps 330 to extend outward. The four extended lever arms 340 pulled by the two first clamps 320 and the two second clamps 330 will drive the two load-bearing plates 350 to descend synchronously until the tops of the two top pressure heads 3704 are exposed and press against the bottom of the concrete top plate 500. At this time, the compressed concrete top plate 500 can transfer the force to the two top pressure heads 3704 and the two bottom sleeve heads 3705. Finally, the detection element 400 can perform real-time detection on the concrete bottom plate 100 and the concrete top plate 500 after simulating the bridge structure.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] Combination Figures 5 to 8As shown, based on Embodiment 1, a positioning frame plate 370 is movably installed inside the load-bearing plate 350. A spring 3701 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the positioning frame plate 370 and the outer wall of the load-bearing plate 350. A pad block 3702 is fixedly installed inside the positioning frame plate 370. A limiting bracket 3703 is inserted into the pad block 3702. A top pressing head 3704 is installed on the top of the limiting bracket 3703. A bottom sleeve head 3705 is movably installed on the shaft at the outer end of the positioning frame plate 370. A second clamping plate 3706 is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom sleeve head 3705, and the top of the second clamping plate 3706 is movably installed in the slide inside the top pressing head 3704.

[0057] The bottom of the inner cavity of the slide 310 has two symmetrically distributed transverse grooves.

[0058] The bottom of the first clamp 320 and the second clamp 330 are both fixedly installed with T-shaped sliders that fit through the transverse groove, and racks are fixedly installed in the holes at the inner ends of the first clamp 320 and the second clamp 330.

[0059] The outer end of the extended horizontal shaft 360 is provided with a cross-shaped insert rod, and the inner part of the outer gasket 3102 is provided with a slot that fits the outermost cross-shaped insert rod of the extended horizontal shaft 360.

[0060] When the extended horizontal shaft 360 rotates forward, the two gears 3601 installed on the extended horizontal shaft 360 will help the two first clamps 320 and the two first clamps 320 retract. The four extended lever arms 340 movably installed on the two first clamps 320 and the two second clamps 330 will apply an upward lifting force to the first clamping plate 3401, the top pad 3402 and the support rod 3403. Finally, the two load-bearing plates 350 will be lifted upward, and the bottom sleeve head 3705 will disengage from the detection end head on the top of the detection element 400. At this time, the clamped detection element 400 can perform pressure detection on the concrete top plate 500 without interfering with its top detection end head.

[0061] When the extended horizontal shaft 360 is stretched outward until the cross-shaped insert at the outer end of the extended horizontal shaft 360 disengages from the inside of the outer washer 3102, the extended horizontal shaft 360 can then cooperate with the two gears 3601 to freely transmit power to the two first clamps 320 and the two second clamps 330. When the extended horizontal shaft 360 rotates, the extended horizontal shaft 360, which has lost its traction force, will be reset and stretched by the tension spring 3104 and will quickly snap into the inside of the outer washer 3102. The extended horizontal shaft 360, pressed by the tension spring 3104 and the washer 3103, can then maintain a stable state.

[0062] Example 3:

[0063] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, in the above embodiment, the bottom sleeve head 3705 has two vertical slots inside that are adapted to the limiting bracket 3703; the limiting bracket 3703 is welded together from a ring and two arc-shaped brackets, and the inner side of the arc-shaped brackets is adapted to bear the pressure on the top of the detection end of the detection element 400.

[0064] The bottom of the bottom sleeve 3705 has a cylindrical hole that is adapted to be snapped onto the top detection end of the detection element 400, and the two bottom sleeves 3705 are extended outward to calibrate and fix the detection element 400.

[0065] Preferably, the top pressure head 3704 has an overall T-shaped structure, and an anti-slip pad is fixedly installed on the top of the top pressure head 3704;

[0066] As the load-bearing plate 350 extends outward under pressure, the alignment frame plate 370, in conjunction with the spring 3701, applies a compressive force to the bottom sleeve head 3705. When the two bottom sleeve heads 3705 remain taut, the detection element 400 can be centered, calibrated, and locked. During the transverse movement of the auxiliary slide 220 and the main slide 230 along the upper surface of the concrete base plate 100, the locked detection element 400 can remain stable. Once the detection area within the gap between the concrete base plate 100 and the concrete top plate 500 is selected, the stationary detection element 400 can conveniently detect the compressed concrete top plate 500.

[0067] The working principle and usage process of this invention: When a civil experiment is required, the concrete base plate 100 is placed on the experimental platform in advance, and then the concrete base plate 100 is fixed on the surface of the experimental platform.

[0068] Next, the back of the chassis 210 is fixed to the side of the concrete base plate 100. At this time, the auxiliary slide 220 and the main slide 230 are adapted to bear pressure on the top of the concrete base plate 100. When it is necessary to simulate the structural strength and structural strain relationship between the concrete base plate 100 and the concrete top plate 500, the motor 2101 is started in advance according to the needs of the bottom part to be tested of the concrete top plate 500. The internal transmission shaft cooperates with the screw 2102 to push the main slide 230, the fixing plate 2201 and the auxiliary slide 220 to slide smoothly along the top surface of the concrete base plate 100 until the auxiliary slide 220, the fixing plate 2201 and the main slide 230 forming a U-shaped structure carry the inter-plate area detection mechanism 300 and the detection element 400 being carried to slide relative to each other along the gap between the concrete base plate 100 and the concrete top plate 500.

[0069] At this time, the concrete top plate 500, which is horizontally placed directly above the two top pressure heads 3704, is parallel and aligned with the concrete bottom plate 100. The concrete top plate 500 can then assist the inter-plate area detection mechanism 300 in detection in the state of the two slides 310 with the smallest spacing. When the overall pressure direction of the concrete top plate 500 changes, the inter-plate area detection mechanism 300 with the smallest spacing and in the initial state can cooperate with the detection element 400 to simulate the structural strength between the concrete slab gaps for detection.

[0070] When it is necessary to expand the detection of the structural strain strength of the concrete top slab 500 and concrete bottom slab 100, the support plate 240 is adjusted to rotate forward. The advancing screw 2401 will push the two traction frames 2402 to extend outward. Finally, the two pads 2404 will push the two slides 310 to adjust the plate width. The two load-bearing plates 350 will be compressed and extend outward along the two alignment frame plates 370. At this time, the two bottom sleeves 3705 will increase the clamping force on the two detection heads at the top of the detection element 400. The detection element 400, after being laterally clamped, remains stable during the lateral movement along the gap between the concrete bottom slab 100 and the concrete top slab 500, thereby avoiding center offset due to insufficient clamping force during the lateral movement of the detection element 400. Thus, a quick and convenient simulation experiment can be carried out under the condition of changing the spacing.

[0071] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bridge-type sensor for civil engineering experiments, characterized in that, It includes a side distance adjustment mechanism (200) set on the upper surface of the concrete base slab (100), a plate-to-plate area detection mechanism (300) set on the side distance adjustment mechanism (200), and a detection element (400) clamped in the plate-to-plate area detection mechanism (300). The detection element (400) is used to perform strength testing on the concrete base slab (100) and concrete top slab (500) of the simulated bridge. The edge adjustment mechanism (200) includes an auxiliary slide (220) and a main slide (230) movably mounted on the top of the concrete base plate (100), a fixing plate (2201) fixedly mounted on the auxiliary slide (220) and the main slide (230), a support plate (240) movably mounted in the slide groove on the outer wall of the main slide (230), a progressive screw (2401) movably mounted on the support plate (240), two traction frames (2402) movably mounted at both ends of the progressive screw (2401), a vertical shaft (2403) fixedly mounted at the other end of the traction frame (2402), and two pads (2404) movably mounted on the vertical shaft (2403). The two pads (2404) are respectively fixedly mounted on two slide blocks (310). The inter-plate area detection mechanism (300) includes two first clamps (320) and two second clamps (330), and a slide (310) is movably installed in the middle of adjacent first clamps (320) and second clamps (330). There are two slides (310), and the detection element (400) is disposed on the top of the two slides (310).

2. The bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge adjustment mechanism (200) also includes a housing (210) installed on the side of the concrete base plate (100), a motor (2101) fixedly installed inside the housing (210), and a lead screw (2102) fixedly installed on the motor (2101). The outer end of the main slide (230) is provided with an end plate, and the interior of the end plate is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the lead screw (2102).

3. A bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the outer side of the main slide (230) is fixedly installed with a scale (2301) that fits and adheres to the upper surface of the concrete base plate (100).

4. A bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide (310) includes two bolts (3101) fixedly installed on its outer wall, an outer washer (3102) installed outside the two bolts (3101), a washer (3103) movably installed in the hole in the outer wall of the slide (310), a tension spring (3104) connected to the inner end of the washer (3103), an extended horizontal shaft (360) movably installed inside the slide (310) and passing through the tension spring (3104), two limiting pieces (3602) fixedly installed outside the extended horizontal shaft (360), and two gears (3601). The first clamp (320) and the second clamp (330) are each movably mounted with an extended lever arm (340), a first clamping plate (3401) movably mounted on the top of the extended lever arm (340), a top pad (3402) movably mounted on the other end of the first clamping plate (3401), and a support rod (3403) fixedly mounted on the top of the top pad (3402). A load-bearing plate (350) is mounted on the outside of the support rod (3403).

5. A bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments according to claim 4, characterized in that, A positioning frame plate (370) is movably installed inside the load-bearing plate (350). Springs (3701) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the positioning frame plate (370) and the outer wall of the load-bearing plate (350). A pad (3702) is fixedly installed inside the positioning frame plate (370). A limiting bracket (3703) is inserted into the pad (3702). A top pressure head (3704) is installed at the top of the limiting bracket (3703). A bottom sleeve (3705) is movably installed on the outer end shaft of the positioning frame plate (370). A second clamping plate (3706) is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom sleeve (3705), and the top of the second clamping plate (3706) is movably installed in the slide inside the top pressure head (3704). The bottom sleeve (3705) has two vertical slots inside that are adapted to the limiting foot (3703), and the limiting foot (3703) is adapted to pass through the two vertical slots.

6. A bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the bottom sleeve (3705) is provided with a cylindrical hole that is adapted to be snapped into the top detection end of the detection element (400), and the two bottom sleeves (3705) are extended outward to be used for calibration and fixation of the detection element (400).

7. A bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting bracket (3703) is welded together from a ring and two arc-shaped supports, the inner side of which is adapted to bear the pressure on the top of the detection element (400).

8. A bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extended horizontal shaft (360) is provided with a cross-shaped insert at its outer end, and the outer gasket (3102) has a slot inside that is adapted to the cross-shaped insert at the outermost end of the extended horizontal shaft (360).

9. A bridge sensor for civil engineering experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner cavity of the slide block (310) is provided with two symmetrically distributed transverse grooves. The bottom of the first clamp (320) and the second clamp (330) are both fixedly installed with T-shaped sliders that fit through the transverse grooves. The holes at the inner ends of the first clamp (320) and the second clamp (330) are fixedly installed with racks.

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