Mobile assembled light storage and off-grid system based on project site scale

Abstract

This invention discloses a mobile prefabricated photovoltaic-storage-diesel off-grid system based on project site scale, belonging to the field of off-grid power supply technology. The system includes a photovoltaic subsystem, an energy storage subsystem, a diesel engine subsystem, a mobile prefabricated structure, and an energy management system (EMS). Through a scale coefficient quantification model, customized matching of photovoltaic, energy storage, and diesel engine parameters with the number of personnel on site is achieved. The EMS employs dynamic power allocation across multiple subsystems, scale-differentiated start-up and shutdown, energy storage-diesel engine collaborative power replenishment, and mobile anti-interference strategies. Combined with the mobile prefabricated structure, it improves the stability and economy of off-grid power supply, solving problems such as poor adaptability, weak mobility, and limited diesel engine functionality in existing systems. It is suitable for temporary scenarios such as project sites.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of off-grid power supply technology, specifically involving a mobile prefabricated photovoltaic-storage-diesel off-grid system based on the scale of a project site. It is suitable for temporary scenarios such as project sites and construction camps. By combining a mobile prefabricated structure with a photovoltaic-storage-diesel collaborative mechanism and achieving customized configuration according to the scale of the site, the stability and economy of off-grid power supply are improved. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by green development policies, off-grid power supply systems are being used more and more widely in project sites and other similar settings. However, existing off-grid power supply technologies have several shortcomings:

[0003] 1. There are obvious defects in a single power supply method: pure photovoltaic systems are greatly affected by sunlight and have poor power supply stability; pure energy storage systems have limited capacity and are prone to power outages during continuous cloudy and rainy weather; pure diesel generator systems have high energy consumption and high pollution, which do not meet the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0004] 2. Insufficient adaptability of photovoltaic-storage-diesel integrated systems: Existing photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems are not deeply coupled with the scale of the project site and lack a customized matching model of "number of personnel-load-equipment parameters", resulting in a mismatch between system capacity and actual load, either leading to insufficient power supply or equipment idleness and cost waste.

[0005] 3. Limitations in mobility and collaboration: Existing systems are mostly fixed, resulting in high deployment and migration costs; and in traditional systems, diesel generators are often only used as emergency backup power, with limited functionality and insufficient role, leading to low overall system reliability and difficulty in meeting the stable power supply needs of project sites of different sizes.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an off-grid power supply system that can be customized according to the scale of the project site and whose components work together efficiently. Summary of the Invention

[0007] I. Technical problems to be solved

[0008] This invention aims to solve the problems of existing off-grid power supply systems, such as the inability to customize designs according to the scale of project sites, poor power supply stability, high costs, limited functionality of diesel generators, and poor mobility.

[0009] II. Technical Solution

[0010] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a mobile prefabricated off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel system based on the scale of a project site. This system is customized according to the scale of the project site, as detailed below:

[0011] (I) System Composition

[0012] 1. Photovoltaic Subsystem: This includes photovoltaic modules and photovoltaic inverters. The photovoltaic modules are monocrystalline silicon bifacial photovoltaic modules, and the DC-side installed capacity is determined based on the project site size. String inverters are selected, with the specific model chosen based on the photovoltaic module configuration.

[0013] The installed capacity of the photovoltaic subsystem is determined based on a quantitative formula: "personnel size - daily electricity consumption - equipment parameters".

[0014]

[0015] Where: N represents the number of residents. The average daily electricity consumption per person (can be taken as 2.5 kWh / person / day);

[0016] η 光损 The comprehensive loss factor of the photovoltaic system (values ​​range from 0.85 to 0.9, including component attenuation, line loss, etc., which can be calibrated through on-site testing);

[0017] k1 is the scale coefficient, and its quantification formula is:

[0018] In the formula, α is the electricity overlap correction coefficient (value 0.15-0.2), which means that as the number of residents increases, the electricity sharing rate in public areas increases, the proportion of independent electricity consumption decreases, and the marginal increment of photovoltaic installation demand decreases (e.g., k1≈1.0 when N=20, k1≈0.7 when N=80).

[0019] 2. Energy Storage Subsystem: An industrial / commercial liquid-cooled energy storage system will be adopted, including energy storage batteries and energy storage converters (PCS). The energy storage capacity will be determined based on the daily electricity consumption at the project site, the energy storage charge / discharge efficiency, the PCS conversion efficiency, and the number of consecutive cloudy / rainy days.

[0020] The formula for quantifying energy storage capacity is:

[0021] in, Average daily electricity consumption per person (and) Consistent);

[0022] D represents the number of consecutive rainy days (baseline value 1 day, which can be adjusted to 1-3 days according to regional climate characteristics);

[0023] η 储放 The energy storage charge / discharge efficiency is a fixed value of 0.8.

[0024] η 系统 PCS conversion efficiency (fixed value 0.9);

[0025] k2 is the scale coefficient, and its quantification formula is:

[0026] In the formula, β is the peak-valley fluctuation correction coefficient (value 0.1-0.15), which means that the peak-valley ratio of electricity consumption is the highest for medium-sized sites (N≈50), and higher energy storage redundancy is required to smooth out fluctuations (e.g., k2=1.0 when N=50, k2≈0.85 when N=20 or N=80).

[0027] 3. Diesel engine subsystem: As a device with dual functions of "emergency power supply + energy storage replenishment," its power output needs to match the difference between the peak load and the photovoltaic output. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0028] P 柴油 =k3×(P 峰值 -P 光伏 ×η 光逆 )×λ

[0029] in:

[0030] P 峰值 The peak load of the residential area is calculated using the following formula: (Including 1.3 times the instantaneous impact coefficient);

[0031] η 光逆 The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter (fixed value 0.96);

[0032] λ is the diesel engine redundancy coefficient (fixed value 1.1, to ensure protection against sudden loads);

[0033] P min-start The recommended minimum starting power for diesel engines is 10kW (this can be adjusted according to the actual equipment).

[0034] k3 is the scale coefficient, and its quantification formula is:

[0035] k3 = 0.6 + 0.005 × N

[0036] The physical meaning is: large-scale residential areas have a large load base, requiring higher power redundancy to cope with the risk of collaborative interruption (e.g., k2=0.7 when N=20, k2=1.0 when N=80).

[0037] The diesel engine subsystem ensures stable power supply when photovoltaic and energy storage are insufficient, and can also charge energy storage in reverse.

[0038] 4. Mobile Prefabricated Structure: This structure includes modular photovoltaic (PV) brackets, energy storage containers, and diesel engine integrated bases. All components connect via standardized quick-connect interfaces for easy and rapid deployment and relocation. The azimuth angle of the PV array is aligned with the orientation of temporary buildings (such as container houses) at the project site, and the tilt angle is determined based on the slope of the corrugated steel roof. The modular interface design reduces deployment time to ≤2 hours, 50% shorter than general prefabricated structures. The structure boasts adaptable strength, with wind resistance ≥10 and seismic resistance ≥7 degrees, meeting the environmental requirements of temporary construction sites. The "mobility" of this structure refers to system-level integrated relocation, not just the movement of individual devices; it incorporates a coordinated relocation design for both PV and energy storage.

[0039] 5. Energy Management System (EMS): Coordinates the energy flow between photovoltaic (PV), energy storage, diesel generators, and loads. It sends control commands to various inverters and PCS via communication protocols to achieve intelligent system control and coordinated operation. It receives real-time diesel generator operating status and dynamically adjusts the PV MPPT tracking accuracy and energy storage charging / discharging strategies, such as optimizing inverter power matching when a large-scale on-site diesel generator is refueling. Simultaneously, it incorporates anti-interference design for electrical equipment to address vibration, temperature, and humidity fluctuations in mobile environments, such as IP65 protection rating for PV inverters and IP55 protection rating for the energy storage system, improving system stability in complex environments.

[0040] (III) Energy Management System (EMS) Control Strategy:

[0041] (1) Multi-subsystem power dynamic allocation strategy

[0042] EMS collects photovoltaic output (P) in real time. PV ), energy storage charging and discharging power (P) ESS ), diesel engine output power (P) DE ) and load demand (P 负荷 Construct a quantitative allocation model:

[0043] P 负荷 =P PV ×η 光逆 +P ESS ×η 储放 +P DE ×η 柴逆

[0044] Where, η 柴逆 The conversion efficiency of the diesel engine inverter is a fixed value of 0.95, and the power ratio of each subsystem is dynamically adjusted according to the scale:

[0045] 1. Small-scale site (20≤N<40): Photovoltaic power supply accounts for ≥70% (when there is sufficient sunlight), energy storage backup accounts for ≥20%, and diesel engine is only started when both are insufficient (accounting for ≤10%);

[0046] 2. Medium and large-scale sites (40≤N<60, 60≤N≤80): Photovoltaic power supply accounts for ≥60% (when there is sufficient sunlight), energy storage backup accounts for ≥25%, and diesel engine supplementary power can be increased to 15% (to meet the stability requirements of high base load).

[0047] (2) Scale-differentiated start-up and shutdown logic

[0048] EMS sets subsystem linkage thresholds based on the scale (N) of the site to achieve precise start and stop:

[0049] 1. Priority start-up conditions for photovoltaic subsystems:

[0050] Illumination intensity ≥300W / m 2 When the small-scale on-site photovoltaic inverter is in operation, it will immediately run at full power (response ≤ 5 seconds). For medium and large-scale on-site inverters, the voltage will be gradually increased in 3 levels (from 30% → 70% → 100% within 1 minute to avoid impact).

[0051] 2. Energy storage subsystem charge / discharge thresholds:

[0052] Charging Start-up: When the output of the photovoltaic subsystem is greater than 120% of the load (small) / 110% (medium and large), the EMS controls the energy storage subsystem to start charging.

[0053] Discharge start-up: When the output of the photovoltaic subsystem is less than 70% of the load (small) / 65% (medium and large), the energy storage subsystem automatically discharges to replenish it;

[0054] 3. Diesel engine subsystem intervention logic (based on a "predictive-feedback" dual mechanism):

[0055] Triggering conditions: EMS predicts that the output of the photovoltaic subsystem will be less than 30% of the load in the next hour and the SOC of the energy storage subsystem will be less than 20% (small) / 25% (medium and large).

[0056] Start-up preparation: Small sites should be "start-up and stop-down" (response ≤ 10 seconds), while medium and large sites should be preheated 3 minutes in advance and non-critical loads reduced by 10%.

[0057] Shutdown conditions: When the output of the photovoltaic subsystem is ≥80% of the load and the SOC of the energy storage subsystem is ≥85%, the diesel engine subsystem of small-scale sites will be shut down immediately, and medium and large-scale sites will be deloaded through EMS (from rated power to 0 within 5 minutes).

[0058] 4. Coordinated optimization of energy storage subsystem refueling and diesel engine subsystem

[0059] EMS coordinates the energy storage and replenishment logic, and adapts replenishment efficiency to scale:

[0060] Energy replenishment trigger: When the SOC of the energy storage subsystem is less than 50% and the output of the photovoltaic subsystem is less than 50% of the load, the remaining power of the diesel engine subsystem (after deducting the load demand) is used for energy replenishment.

[0061] Power replenishment control:

[0062] Small-scale station: Recharge power = diesel engine rated power × 50% (rapid replenishment of small-capacity energy storage), stop recharging when SOC = 80%;

[0063] Medium and large-scale sites: Recharge power = diesel engine rated power × 70% (adapted to the slow charging characteristics of large-capacity energy storage), recharge to SOC = 90%, and the duration of a single recharge is ≤ 4 hours (to avoid diesel engine overload);

[0064] 5. Anti-interference control in mobile scenarios

[0065] For system mobility (modular migration of mobile prefabricated structures), EMS has added an environment adaptation strategy:

[0066] During the relocation process (vibration ≥0.5g), the connection between the diesel engine subsystem and the energy storage subsystem is automatically disconnected, and the photovoltaic subsystem is reduced to 50% load (to avoid short circuits caused by loose wiring).

[0067] After deployment (for wind resistance ≥ level 10 and earthquake resistance ≥ level 7), EMS initiates a "self-test-calibration" process: within 3 minutes, it completes the photovoltaic MPPT accuracy calibration (error ≤ 2%) and the energy storage subsystem charge and discharge efficiency test (error ≤ 5%) to ensure the system performance is stable after relocation.

[0068] (iv) System Operation Mode

[0069] 1. Normal operating conditions

[0070] When there is sufficient light (intensity ≥300W / m) 2 The photovoltaic subsystem is given priority power supply through the EMS, and excess power is distributed to the energy storage subsystem via the EMS (charging current ≤ 0.2C, to protect the battery).

[0071] When sunlight is insufficient: EMS automatically switches to the energy storage subsystem to discharge, maintains power supply to the load, and tracks changes in photovoltaic output (updating MPPT parameters every 10 seconds).

[0072] 2. Emergency Operation Conditions

[0073] In the event of continuous rain or equipment failure, EMS will activate a Level 3 emergency response:

[0074] Level 1 Response (SOC 20%-50%): The energy storage subsystem is the main power source, the diesel engine subsystem is on standby, and the EMS predicts the probability of photovoltaic recovery every 5 minutes;

[0075] Level 2 response (SOC 10%-20%): The diesel engine subsystem starts and assumes 50% of the load, the energy storage subsystem provides auxiliary power, and the EMS reduces the power of non-critical loads (such as air conditioning);

[0076] Level 3 Response (SOC < 10%): The diesel engine subsystem is fully powered, non-critical loads are disconnected by the EMS, and core needs such as communication and lighting are prioritized.

[0077] 3. Rechargeable operating conditions

[0078] When the SOC of the energy storage subsystem is less than 50% and the photovoltaic output is insufficient, the EMS coordinates the diesel engine subsystem to supplement the energy supply.

[0079] Small-scale station: After replenishing the fuel to SOC=80%, the diesel engine subsystem immediately shuts down (to meet the needs of frequent start-stop).

[0080] For medium and large-scale sites: After replenishing the power to SOC=90%, the diesel engine subsystem should be kept idling for 10 minutes (until the photovoltaic output stabilizes before shutting down to reduce the number of starts). During this period, the EMS should monitor the photovoltaic output. If the output recovers to ≥50% of the load, the power replenishment should be terminated in advance.

[0081] 4. Moving and Relocation Conditions

[0082] Before migration: EMS automatically records parameters of each subsystem (such as photovoltaic inverter efficiency and energy storage subsystem SOC) and disconnects the high-voltage circuit;

[0083] After deployment: EMS automatically identifies each subsystem (photovoltaic / energy storage / diesel engine) through standardized quick-connect interfaces, completes communication protocol matching within 30 seconds, and restores full power operation within 2 hours.

[0084] Beneficial effects:

[0085] 1. Improve power supply compatibility accuracy

[0086] By using a quantitative model of "personnel size - equipment parameters" (k1, k2, k3 scale coefficients), the parameters of photovoltaic, energy storage, and diesel engine subsystems of different sizes in the site are accurately matched with the actual load, solving the problem of overcapacity or undercapacity in traditional systems and improving equipment utilization.

[0087] 2. Enhance system collaborative reliability

[0088] The differentiated control logic of the Energy Management System (EMS) fully leverages the dual role of diesel engines in "emergency response and power replenishment," reducing the probability of power outages to ≤0.5 times / year for large-scale systems and ≤1.5 times / year for medium and small-scale systems. This improves system reliability and overcomes the lag in response of traditional diesel engines.

[0089] 3. Improve the economics of mobile deployment

[0090] The mobile prefabricated structure can be deployed in ≤2 hours through standardized quick-connect interfaces, reducing migration costs compared to the fixed structure; its wind and earthquake resistant design is suitable for temporary scenarios, and combined with the EMS-optimized diesel engine start-stop strategy, annual fuel consumption is reduced.

[0091] 4. Strengthen environmental adaptability and energy conservation and emission reduction

[0092] The equipment protection rating (IP65 for photovoltaic inverters and IP55 for energy storage) is suitable for complex environments. Photovoltaic priority power supply (accounting for ≥80%) combined with intelligent energy replenishment logic reduces annual carbon emissions compared to pure diesel systems. Attached Figure Description

[0093] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the control strategy of the energy management system (EMS) of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0094] To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below in conjunction with actual scenarios of small, medium and large project sites.

[0095] Example 1: Small Project Site (N=30 people)

[0096] (I) Calculation of System Composition Parameters

[0097] 1. Photovoltaic subsystem:

[0098] Known average daily electricity consumption per person The electricity overlap correction factor α = 0.18, and the overall loss factor η of the photovoltaic system. 光损 =0.88.

[0099] Scale factor:

[0100] Photovoltaic installed capacity The system uses 61 monocrystalline silicon bifacial photovoltaic modules (each with a power of 1000W) and a string inverter (model compatible with 60kW DC input).

[0101] 2. Energy storage subsystem:

[0102] Continuous rainy weather guarantee period D = 1 day, peak-valley fluctuation correction coefficient β = 0.12, energy storage charging and discharging efficiency η 储放 =0.8, PCS conversion efficiency η 系统 =0.9.

[0103] Scale factor:

[0104] Energy storage capacity: A 100kWh industrial and commercial liquid-cooled energy storage system (including energy storage battery and PCS) was selected.

[0105] 3. Diesel engine subsystem:

[0106] Photovoltaic inverter conversion efficiency η 光逆 =0.96, diesel engine redundancy coefficient λ = 1.1, minimum starting power P min-start =10kW.

[0107] Peak load

[0108] Part 1: 1.8 × 30 × 2.5 / 24 × 1.3 ≈ 7.3125 kW

[0109] Part Two: 1.2 × 60.7 × 0.96 ≈ 69.9 kW

[0110] Part Three:

[0111] Find the maximum value: P 峰值 =72.8kW.

[0112] The scale factor k3 = 0.6 + 0.005 × 30 = 0.75.

[0113] diesel engine power (≥10kW, meeting the minimum starting power), a 15kW diesel generator is selected.

[0114] 4. Mobile prefabricated structure: It adopts 3 photovoltaic support modules (20-21 components per module), 1 small energy storage container (integrating a 100kWh system), and 1 diesel engine integrated base, which are connected through standardized quick-connect interfaces. The deployment time is about 90 minutes, with a wind resistance level of 10 and an earthquake resistance level of 7 degrees.

[0115] (II) EMS Control Strategy and Operation Mode

[0116] Normal operating conditions: Light intensity ≥300W / m 2 When the photovoltaic subsystem supplies power at a rate of ≥70% (approximately 42.5kW), the excess power (approximately 18.2kW) is used to charge the energy storage (current ≤0.2C=20A); when there is insufficient sunlight, the energy storage discharges to supplement the power, and the MPPT parameters are updated every 10 seconds.

[0117] Emergency operating conditions: When the energy storage SOC is less than 20% (approximately 19.2 kWh) and the photovoltaic output is less than 30% of the load (approximately 2.8 kW), the diesel engine will start and stop immediately (response ≤ 10 seconds) and take on the full load (approximately 9.2 kW).

[0118] Energy replenishment mode: When the energy storage SOC is less than 50% (approximately 47.9 kWh) and the photovoltaic output is less than 50% of the load (approximately 4.6 kW), the diesel engine replenishes energy at 50% of its rated power (7.5 kW) until the SOC reaches 80% (approximately 76.6 kWh) and then stops. The duration of a single energy replenishment session is ≤2 hours.

[0119] Relocation: During relocation, disconnect the diesel engine from the energy storage and reduce the photovoltaic load to 50% (approximately 30.3kW); complete self-test within 3 minutes after deployment (MPPT error ≤2%), and restore full power operation within 2 hours.

[0120] II. Example 2: Large Project Site (N=70 people)

[0121] (I) Calculation of System Composition Parameters

[0122] 1. Photovoltaic subsystem:

[0123] α = 0.15, η 光损 =0.85. Scale factor

[0124] Scale factor:

[0125] Photovoltaic installed capacity 126 monocrystalline silicon bifacial photovoltaic modules and a matching string inverter were selected.

[0126] 2. Energy storage subsystem:

[0127] Continuous rainy weather guarantee days D = 2 days (rainy areas), peak-valley fluctuation correction coefficient β = 0.1, energy storage charging and discharging efficiency η 储放 =0.8, PCS conversion efficiency η 系统 =0.9.

[0128] Scale factor:

[0129] Energy storage capacity: A 454kWh industrial and commercial liquid-cooled energy storage system was selected.

[0130] 3. Diesel engine subsystem: Photovoltaic inverter conversion efficiency η 光逆 =0.96, diesel engine redundancy coefficient λ = 1.1, minimum starting power P min-start =10kW.

[0131] Peak load

[0132] Part 1: 1.8 × 70 × 2.5 / 24 × 1.3 ≈ 17.9 kW

[0133] Part Two: 1.2 × 126.8 × 0.96 ≈ 145.8 kW

[0134] Part Three:

[0135] Find the maximum value: P 峰值 =120.7kW.

[0136] The scale factor k3 = 0.6 + 0.005 × 70 = 0.95.

[0137] Diesel engine power P 柴油 =k3×(P 峰值 -P 光伏 ×η 光逆 )×λ=0.95×(145.8-125.3×0.96)×1.1≈26.7kW (≥10kW, meeting the minimum starting power), a 30kW diesel generator is selected.

[0138] 4. Mobile prefabricated structure: It adopts 6 photovoltaic support modules, 1 large energy storage container, and 1 diesel engine integrated base. The deployment time is about 120 minutes. It has a wind resistance level of 10 and an earthquake resistance level of 7 degrees.

[0139] (II) EMS Control Strategy and Operation Mode

[0140] Normal operating conditions: Light intensity ≥300W / m 2 When the solar power supply accounts for ≥60% (approximately 66.4kW), the excess power (approximately 44.3kW) is used to charge the energy storage (current ≤0.2C=104A); when the sunlight is insufficient, the energy storage discharges to supplement the power supply, and the MPPT parameters are updated every 10 seconds.

[0141] Emergency operating conditions: When the energy storage SOC is less than 25% (approximately 128.8 kWh) and the photovoltaic output is less than 25% of the load (approximately 4.5 kW), the diesel engine will preheat for 3 minutes in advance and reduce non-critical loads by 10% (e.g., air conditioning from 10 kW to 9 kW). After starting, it will take on 50% of the load (approximately 8.9 kW) and gradually increase to the required power.

[0142] Rechargeable operation: When the energy storage SOC is less than 50% (approximately 257.6 kWh) and the photovoltaic output is less than 50% of the load (approximately 8.9 kW), the diesel engine will replenish the energy at 70% of its rated power (17.5 kW) until the SOC reaches 90% (approximately 468.0 kWh), at which point it will stop. The duration of a single replenishment is ≤4 hours. If the energy storage battery temperature is >45℃, the load will be automatically reduced by 30%.

[0143] Relocation: During relocation, the diesel engine is disconnected from the energy storage, and the photovoltaic load is reduced to 50% (approximately 55.3kW); MPPT calibration and energy storage efficiency test are completed within 3 minutes after deployment, and full power operation is restored within 2 hours.

[0144] III. Verification Results of Examples

[0145] 1. Operational stability: Small-scale base stations experience ≤1.5 power outages per year, while large-scale base stations experience ≤0.5 outages per year, achieving a reliability of 99.9%; diesel engine start-up response meets design requirements (≤10 seconds for small-scale base stations, and 3 minutes of preheating time for large-scale base stations).

[0146] 2. Economy and adaptability: Mobile deployment costs are reduced by 15%-20% compared to fixed deployment, and annual fuel consumption is reduced by 30%; the equipment can operate continuously without failure in vibration and high temperature environments, and the protection level (IP65 / IP55) meets the standards.

[0147] The above embodiments are merely specific application examples of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can adjust parameters such as α, β, and D according to the actual number of people stationed at the site and the climate conditions, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mobile prefabricated photovoltaic-storage-diesel off-grid system based on project site scale, characterized in that, It includes a photovoltaic subsystem, an energy storage subsystem, a diesel engine subsystem, a mobile prefabricated structure, and an energy management system (EMS). The photovoltaic subsystem, energy storage subsystem, and diesel engine subsystem are integrated through the mobile prefabricated structure. The EMS is used to coordinate the energy flow of each subsystem and realize customized control based on the number of people at the project site. The formula for calculating the installed capacity of the photovoltaic subsystem is as follows: in: For the number of residents, This represents the average daily electricity consumption per person. The comprehensive loss factor of the photovoltaic system is 0.85-0.

9. The quantification formula for the scale factor is: ,middle This is the power consumption overlap correction factor, with a value ranging from 0.15 to 0.2; The capacity calculation formula for the energy storage subsystem is as follows: in, Average daily electricity consumption per person and ; The number of consecutive rainy days to ensure coverage is set at 1-3 days; The energy storage charge / discharge efficiency is set to 0.8; The PCS conversion efficiency is set to 0.

9. The scale factor is quantified as follows: In the formula This is the peak-valley fluctuation correction factor, with a value ranging from 0.1 to 0.15; The power calculation formula for the diesel engine subsystem is as follows: in: The peak load of the residential area is calculated using the following formula: It contains 1.3 times the instantaneous impact coefficient; The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter is set to 0.

96. This is the redundancy factor for the diesel engine, with a value of 1.

1. The minimum starting power of the diesel engine is 10kW. The scale factor is quantified by the following formula: ; The control strategy of the EMS includes a multi-subsystem power dynamic allocation strategy: in, For the conversion efficiency of the diesel engine inverter. For small sites with 20≤N<40, the proportion of photovoltaic power supply should be ≥70%, the proportion of energy storage backup should be ≥20%, and the proportion of diesel engine power supply should be ≤10%. For medium and large sites with 40≤N≤80, the proportion of photovoltaic power supply should be ≥60%, the proportion of energy storage backup should be ≥25%, and the proportion of diesel engine power supply should be ≤15%.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile prefabricated structure includes a modular photovoltaic bracket, an energy storage container, and a diesel engine integrated base. The components are connected by standardized quick-connect interfaces. The deployment time is ≤2 hours, the wind resistance level is ≥10, and the seismic resistance level is ≥7 degrees.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy of the EMS also includes scale-differentiated start-up and shutdown logic: light intensity ≥300W / m 2 When a small-scale on-site photovoltaic inverter starts at full power, the response time is ≤5 seconds. For medium and large-scale on-site inverters, the voltage is boosted in three stages, from 30% to 70% to 100% within 1 minute. The starting condition for charging energy storage in small-scale on-site inverters is that the photovoltaic output is >120% of the load. The starting condition for charging energy storage in medium and large-scale on-site inverters is that the photovoltaic output is >110% of the load. The starting condition for discharging energy storage in small-scale on-site inverters is that the photovoltaic output is <70% of the load. The starting condition for discharging energy storage in large-scale on-site inverters is that the photovoltaic output is <65% of the load.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy of the EMS also includes the intervention logic of the diesel engine subsystem: the starting trigger condition for small-scale residential diesel engines is that the photovoltaic output is less than 30% of the load and the energy storage SOC is less than 20% within 1 hour as predicted by the EMS; the starting trigger condition for medium and large-scale residential diesel engines is that the photovoltaic output is less than 30% of the load and the energy storage SOC is less than 25% within 1 hour as predicted by the EMS; the shutdown condition for diesel engines is that the photovoltaic output is greater than or equal to 80% of the load and the energy storage SOC is greater than or equal to 85%. Small-scale residential diesel engines will shut down immediately, while medium and large-scale residential diesel engines will reduce their load in stages, from rated power to 0 within 5 minutes.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy of the EMS also includes the coordinated optimization of energy storage replenishment and diesel engine: the replenishment trigger condition is that the energy storage SOC < 50% and the photovoltaic output < 50% of the load; the replenishment power of small-scale sites = the rated power of the diesel engine × 50%, and the replenishment stops when the SOC = 80%; the replenishment power of medium and large-scale sites = the rated power of the diesel engine × 70%, and the replenishment stops when the SOC = 90%, with a single duration of ≤ 4 hours.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy of the EMS also includes anti-interference control in mobile scenarios: if the vibration is ≥0.5g during migration, the diesel engine and energy storage connection will be disconnected and the photovoltaic load will be reduced to 50%; the photovoltaic MPPT calibration will be completed within 3 minutes after deployment, with an error of ≤2% and the energy storage efficiency test will be completed, with an error of ≤5%.

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