Transmission configuration indicator activation prior to cell handover

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit an indication of transmit configuration indicator (TCI) state activation supporting a candidate cell prior to receiving a cell handover command in layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) triggered mobility. The UE may receive TCI state activations for one or more candidate cells. The UE may receive the cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell prior to receiving the cell handover command. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication in general, and to techniques and apparatus for transmitting configuration indicator activation prior to cell handover. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access technologies that enable communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0003] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with network nodes via downlink and uplink communication. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication link from the network node to the UE, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication link from the UE to the network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via local links (e.g., sidelinks (SL), wireless local area network (WLAN) links, and / or wireless personal area network (WPAN) links, etc.).

[0004] The aforementioned multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate at the city, country, region, and / or global levels. New Radio (NR) (which may be referred to as 5G) is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard issued by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by: improving spectrum efficiency; reducing costs; improving service; utilizing new spectrum; and better integrating with other open standards by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the downlink (CP-OFDM), and CP-OFDM and / or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink; and supporting beamforming, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technologies and carrier aggregation. Further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE). The method may include: sending an indication of activation of a Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in mobility triggered at Layer 1 (L1) or Layer 2 (L2). The method may include: receiving TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells. The method may include: receiving the cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of TCI state activation for the supporting candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a UE. The method may include: receiving a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. The method may include: receiving a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells. The method may include: applying the one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset after the UE receives the TCI state activation command.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include: receiving an indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility. The method may include: transmitting TCI state activation for one or more candidate cells. The method may include: transmitting the cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of TCI state activation for the supporting candidate cell before transmitting the cell handover command.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include: transmitting a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. The method may include: transmitting a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to one of the candidate cells. The method may include: applying the one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset after the UE receives the TCI state activation command.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to: transmit an indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility. The one or more processors may be configured to: receive TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells. The one or more processors may be configured to: receive the cell handover command at least in part based on the indication of TCI state activation supporting the candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to: receive a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. The one or more processors may be configured to: receive a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells. The one or more processors may be configured to: apply the one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset after the UE receives the TCI state activation command.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to: receive an indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility. The one or more processors may be configured to: transmit the TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells. The one or more processors may be configured to: transmit the cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of TCI state activation for the supporting candidate cell before transmitting the cell handover command.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to: transmit a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. The one or more processors may be configured to: transmit a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells. The one or more processors may be configured to: apply the one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from the UE.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions causes the UE to: send an indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility; receive TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells; and receive a cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, which, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, causes the UE to: receive a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells; receive a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells; and apply the one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset after the UE receives the TCI state activation command.

[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions enables the network node to: receive an indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility; transmit TCI state activation for one or more candidate cells; and transmit a cell handover command, at least in part, based on the indication of TCI state activation for the supporting candidate cell before transmitting the cell handover command.

[0016] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions causes the network node to: send a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions causes the network node to: send a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions causes the network node to: apply the one or more TCI states to communication via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset from the time the TCI state activation command is received from the UE.

[0017] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for transmitting an indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell prior to receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility. The apparatus may include components for receiving TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells. The apparatus may include components for receiving the cell handover command at least in part based on the indication of TCI state activation supporting the candidate cell prior to receiving the cell handover command.

[0018] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for receiving a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. The apparatus may include components for receiving a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to one of the candidate cells. The apparatus may include components for applying the one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset from the time the TCI state activation command is received from the apparatus.

[0019] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for receiving an indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell prior to receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility. The apparatus may include components for transmitting TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells. The apparatus may include components for transmitting the cell handover command at least in part based on the indication of TCI state activation supporting the candidate cell prior to transmitting the cell handover command.

[0020] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for transmitting a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. The apparatus may include components for transmitting a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to one of the candidate cells. The apparatus may include components for applying the one or more TCI states to communication via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from the UE.

[0021] The entirety of the categories includes methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, UEs, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices, and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and illustrated as illustrated in the drawings and description.

[0022] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to this disclosure have been summarized rather extensively above in order to better understand the detailed description below. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily utilized as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose of this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, in both their organization and manner of operation, and the associated advantages, will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each figure in the drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a limitation of the definitions in the claims.

[0023] While aspects are described herein by way of example, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The techniques described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or package arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip implementations or other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user equipment, vehicles, communication equipment, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / shopping devices, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and / or summers) for analog and digital purposes. The aspects described herein are intended to be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user equipment of various sizes, shapes, and configurations. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To gain a full understanding of the foregoing features of this disclosure, a more specific description of the invention, briefly outlined above, can be obtained by referring to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered as limiting its scope, as the description may acknowledge other equally valid aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a network node and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a handover process that follows a "connection before disconnection" procedure according to this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of UE mobility according to this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of TCI activation prior to cell handover, based on this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of TCI activation prior to cell handover, based on this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of TCI activation prior to cell handover, based on this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example procedure performed by a UE according to this disclosure, for example.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example procedure performed by a UE according to this disclosure, for example.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a network node according to this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a network node according to this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The handover process allows a user equipment (UE) to move from a first cell to a second cell, at least in part, based on Layer 1 and / or Layer 2 (L1 / L2) measurements. However, during the handover time from the first cell to the second cell, communication with the UE may be delayed and / or interrupted. This can cause communication errors, skips in the data stream, and / or loss of application layer connections, etc.

[0040] In some aspects described herein, the UE can receive the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state activation of the candidate cell before the cell handover command in L1 / L2 triggered mobility (LTM). In this way, the UE can reduce the amount of time during which communication is interrupted during cell handover. The UE can reduce communication errors, reduce or avoid skipping in the data stream, and / or reduce the likelihood of application layer connection loss, at least in part, based on the reduction in the amount of cell handover time.

[0041] Various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the scope of protection of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods practiced using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from the aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0042] Various devices and techniques will now be used to illustrate several aspects of a telecommunications system. These devices and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0043] Although terms generally associated with 5G or New Radio (NR) Radio Access Technology (RAT) may be used herein to describe aspects, aspects of this disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or 5G and later (e.g., 6G) RATs.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or elements of a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, etc. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), one or more UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other entities. Network node 110 is a network node that communicates with UE 120. As shown, network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, network node 110 may be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), meaning that network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0045] In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (such as RUs) that communicate with UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (such as DUs) that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul or midhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (such as CUs) that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or with the core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 (such as aggregated network node 110 or decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. Network node 110 may include, for example, NR base stations, LTE base stations, Node Bs, eNBs (e.g., in 4G), gNBs (e.g., in 5G), access points, Transmit / Receive Points (TRPs), DUs, RUs, CUs, network mobility elements, core network nodes, network elements, network equipment, RAN nodes, or combinations thereof. In some examples, network nodes 110 can interconnect with each other or with one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 using any suitable transport network through various types of fronthaul interfaces, midhaul interfaces, and / or backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks).

[0046] In some examples, network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), depending on the context of terminology use, the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 and / or the network node subsystem serving that coverage area. Network node 110 may provide communication coverage for macrocells, picocells, femtocells, and / or another type of cell. A macrocell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A picocell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femtocell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with the femtocell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). Network node 110 used for macrocells may be referred to as a macro network node. Network node 110 used for picocells may be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 used for femtocells can be referred to as a femtocell network node or a home network node. Figure 1In the example shown, network node 110a may be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b may be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c may be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. Network nodes may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, the cells may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographical area of ​​the cells may move depending on the location of the mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0047] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to an aggregated base station, a decomposed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, DU, RU, a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions (such as those described herein in conjunction with network node 110). In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of multiple different devices (which may be located in the same geographical location or different geographical locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or repeatedly perform at least a portion of that function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions can be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one base station function rather than another. In this way, a single device can include more than one base station.

[0048] Wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive data transmissions from upstream nodes (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) and transmit data to downstream nodes (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions to other UE 120s. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. The network node 110 for relay communication may be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, relay network node, relay node, relay, etc.

[0049] The wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network, comprising different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, etc. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different effects on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watts to 2 watts).

[0050] Network controller 130 may be coupled to or communicate with a group of network nodes 110, and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. Network controller 130 may communicate with network nodes 110 via a backhaul or midhaul link. Network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other, or indirectly via a wireless or wired backhaul link. In some aspects, network controller 130 may be a CU or core network device, or may include a CU or core network device.

[0051] UE 120 may be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may include, for example, access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, and / or subscriber units. UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a GPS device, a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media.

[0052] Some UEs 120 may be considered Machine-Type Communication (MTC) or Evolved or Enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags that can communicate with network nodes, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment. UEs 120 may be included within a housing that houses the components of the UE 120, such as processor components and / or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and memory components (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0053] Generally, any number of wireless networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network 100 can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. A frequency may be referred to as a carrier, frequency channel, etc. Each frequency in a given geographical area can support a single RAT to avoid interference between wireless networks using different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0054] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary device to communicate with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols) and / or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by network node 110.

[0055] Devices in Wireless Network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, devices in Wireless Network 100 can communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating frequency bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz to 7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6GHz” band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, although this is different from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz to 300GHz) designated as a “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0056] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified the operating bands used for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as the frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0057] Considering the examples above, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies below 6 GHz, within FR1, or including intermediate frequency bands. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "millimeter wave" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency bands, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band. Modifications to frequencies included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) are contemplated, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0058] In some aspects, UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may send an indication of activation of the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in mobility triggered at Layer 1 (L1) or Layer 2 (L2); receive TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells; and receive a cell handover command at least in part based on the indication of activation of the TCI state for a supporting candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0059] In some aspects, UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells; receive a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells; and apply one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time at a second time offset from when the TCI state activation command is received from UE 120. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0060] In some aspects, network node 110 may include communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communication manager 150 may receive an indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility; transmit TCI state activation for one or more candidate cells; and transmit a cell handover command at least in part based on the indication of TCI state activation for the supporting candidate cell before transmitting the cell handover command. Additionally or alternatively, communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0061] In some aspects, network node 110 may include communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communication manager 150 may send a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells; send a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells; and apply one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset from the time the UE receives the TCI state activation command. Additionally or alternatively, communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0062] As indicated above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 1The examples described are different.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating example 200 of communication between network node 110 and UE 120 in a wireless network 100 according to this disclosure. Network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). Network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antennas 234 and modems 232. In some examples, network node 110 may include an interface, communication components, or another component facilitating communication with UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components facilitating direct communication with UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0064] At network node 110, transmitting processor 220 can receive data from data source 212 intended for use by UE 120 (or a group of UEs 120). Transmitting processor 220 can select one or more modulation and decoding schemes (MCS) for UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Network node 110 can process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS selected for UE 120 and can provide data symbols for UE 120. Transmitting processor 220 can process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper-layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmitting processor 220 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and can provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream can be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 can use a corresponding modulator component to process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 can also use a corresponding modulator component to process the output sample stream (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or up-convert) to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t can transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a to 234t).

[0065] At UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) can receive downlink signals from network node 110 and / or other network nodes 110 and can provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal can be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 can use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 can use the demodulator component to further process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from modem 254, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provide the detected symbols. The receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide the decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260, and provide the decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" can refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor can determine Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameters, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameters, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameters, and / or CQI parameters, etc. In some examples, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in a housing.

[0066] Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294, controller / processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 may include one or more devices, for example, in a core network. Network controller 130 may communicate with network node 110 via communication unit 294.

[0067] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements and / or be coupled to one or more transmitting and / or receiving components (such as...). Figure 2 One or more antenna elements (one or more components in a )

[0068] On the uplink, at UE 120, the transmit processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reporting including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 can be pre-decoded by the TX MIMO processor 266 where applicable, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of UE 120 may include a modulator and demodulator. In some examples, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to execute this document (e.g., reference). Figures 6 to 14 ( ) any aspect of the methods described in the method.

[0069] At network node 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., demodulator component of modem 232 (shown as DEMOD)), detected by MIMO detector 236 (where applicable), and further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Network node 110 may include communication unit 244 and may communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Network node 110 may include scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communication. In some examples, modem 232 of network node 110 may include modulator and demodulator. In some examples, network node 110 includes transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to execute this document (e.g., reference). Figures 6 to 14 ( ) any aspect of the methods described in the method.

[0070] The controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120 and / or Figure 2Any other components may perform one or more techniques associated with TCI activation prior to cell handover, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component that can execute or direct, for example Figure 9 The process 900 Figure 10 Process 1000 Figure 11 Process 1100 Figure 12 The operation of process 1200 and / or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program code for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, when executed by one or more processors of network node 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly executed, or executed after compilation, transformation, and / or interpretation), these one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors, UE 120, and / or network node 110 to perform or direct, for example... Figure 9 The process 900 Figure 10 Process 1000 Figure 11 Process 1100 Figure 12 The operation of process 1200 and / or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transform instructions, compile instructions and / or interpret instructions, etc.

[0071] In some aspects, UE 120 includes components for transmitting an indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility; components for receiving TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells; and / or components for receiving a cell handover command at least in part based on the indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command. Components enabling UE 120 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0072] In some aspects, UE 120 includes components for receiving a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells; components for receiving a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among one or more candidate cells; and / or components for applying one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from UE 120. Components for UE 120 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0073] In some aspects, network node 110 includes components for receiving an indication of TCI state activation of a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility; components for transmitting TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells; and / or components for transmitting a cell handover command at least in part based on the indication of TCI state activation of the supporting candidate cell before transmitting the cell handover command. Components for network node 110 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.

[0074] In some aspects, network node 110 includes components for transmitting a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells; components for transmitting a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among one or more candidate cells; and / or components for applying one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset from the time the TCI state activation command is received from the UE. Components for network node 110 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.

[0075] Although Figure 2The boxes in the diagram are illustrated as different components, but the functions described above with respect to these boxes may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0076] As indicated above, Figure 2 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 2 The examples described are different.

[0077] Communication systems (such as 5G NR systems) can be deployed in various ways with a variety of components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, RAN nodes, core network nodes, network elements, base stations, or network equipment can be implemented in a converged or decomposed architecture. For example, a base station (such as a Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR base station, 5G NB, access point (AP), TRP, or cell, etc.) or one or more units (or components) performing base station functions can be implemented as a converged base station (also known as a standalone base station or monolithic base station) or a decomposed base station. A "network entity" or "network node" can refer to a decomposed base station or one or more units of a decomposed base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or combinations thereof).

[0078] Aggregated base stations (e.g., aggregated network nodes) can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or cell). Decomposed base stations (e.g., decomposed network nodes) can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more cells (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, the CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other network nodes. DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU can also be implemented as a virtual cell, such as a Virtual Central Unit (VCU), a Virtual Distributed Unit (VDU), or a Virtual Radio Unit (VRU), etc.

[0079] Base station type operation or network design can take into account the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, decomposed base stations can be utilized in IAB networks, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN (such as network configurations initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or Virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN, also known as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed independently. Decomposed base stations can include functionality implemented by two or more units across various physical locations, as well as functionality virtually implemented for at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. The various units of a decomposed base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0080] Figure 3 This is an illustration of an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 according to this disclosure. The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with the core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units (such as near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a non-RT RIC 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via a corresponding midhaul link (such as via an F1 interface). Each DU 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via a corresponding fronthaul link. Each RU 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via a corresponding radio frequency (RF) access link. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0081] Each unit in the cells (including CU 310, DU 330, RU 340), as well as the near-RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO frame 305, may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each unit in the cell, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to one or more communication interfaces of the corresponding unit, may be configured to communicate with one or more units in other cells via transmission media. In some examples, each unit in the cell may include a wired interface and a wireless interface configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more units in other cells via a wired transmission media, and the wireless interface may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more units in other cells via a wireless transmission media, or both.

[0082] In some aspects, the CU 310 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC) functions, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions, or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 can be configured to handle user plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP) functions), control plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP) functions), or combinations thereof. In some implementations, the CU 310 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 310 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 330 for network control and signaling purposes, as needed.

[0083] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit comprising one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 340s. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers, at least in part, according to functional splits (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, the one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation, etc. In some aspects, the DU 330 may also host one or more low PHY layers, such as those implemented by one or more modules for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), Digital Beamforming, or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc. Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330 or with control functions hosted by the CU 310.

[0084] Each RU 340 can implement low-level functionality. In some deployments, an RU 340 controlled by a DU 330 can correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as performing FFT, performing iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, based on function splitting (e.g., function splitting defined by 3GPP) (such as low-level function splitting). In such architectures, each RU 340 can be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 120. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration allows each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0085] The SMO framework 305 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can be configured to interact with cloud computing platforms such as the Open Cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via cloud computing platform interfaces such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 315, and near-RTTRIC 325. In some specific implementations, the SMO framework 305 can communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 311) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a corresponding O1 interface. The SMO framework 305 may also include a non-RT RIC 315 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 305.

[0086] The non-RT RIC 315 can be configured to include logical functions enabling non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including AI / ML workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 325, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to include logical functions enabling near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface, such as an E2 interface, through data collection and action, connecting one or more CU 310s, one or more DU 330s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 325.

[0087] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and may be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 305 or the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via the O1 interface) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0088] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0089] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating Example 400 of the handover process following the principle of "connection before disconnection" according to this disclosure.

[0090] like Figure 4As shown, the MBB (Maintain Network Before Disconnect) handover process may involve UE 405, source network node 410, target network node 415, User Plane Function (UPF) device 420, and Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) device 425. In some examples, actions described as being performed by network nodes may be performed by multiple different network nodes. For example, configuration actions and / or core network communication actions may be performed by a first network node (e.g., CU or DU), and radio communication actions may be performed by a second network node (e.g., DU or RU). UE 405 may correspond to UE 120 as described elsewhere herein. Source network node 410 and / or target network node 415 may correspond to network node 110 as described elsewhere herein. UPF device 420 and / or AMF device 425 may correspond to network controller 130 as described elsewhere herein. UE 405 and source network node 410 may be connected via a serving cell or source cell (e.g., may have an RRC connection), and UE 405 may undergo a handover via a target cell to target network node 415. UPF device 420 and / or AMF device 425 may be located within the core network. Source network node 410 and target network node 415 may communicate with the core network for mobility support and user plane functions. The MBB handover process may include an enhanced MBB (eMBB) handover process.

[0091] As shown in the figure, the MBB handover process may include a handover preparation phase 430, a handover execution phase 435, and a handover completion phase 440. During the handover preparation phase 430, the UE 405 may report measurements that prepare the source network node 410 and / or the target network node 415 for handover and trigger the execution of the handover. During the handover execution phase 435, the UE 405 may perform the handover by executing a random access procedure with the target network node 415 and establishing an RRC connection with the target network node 415. During the handover completion phase 440, the source network node 410 may forward stored communications associated with the UE 405 to the target network node 415, and the UE 405 may be released from the connection with the source network node 410.

[0092] As indicated by reference numeral 445 in the accompanying drawings, UE 405 may perform one or more measurements and may send a measurement report to source network node 410 based at least in part on the performance of one or more measurements (e.g., serving cell measurement and / or neighbor cell measurement). The measurement report may indicate parameters such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), and / or Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) parameters (e.g., for the serving cell and / or one or more neighbor cells). Source network node 410 may use the measurement report to determine whether to trigger a handover to target network node 415. For example, if one or more measurements meet certain conditions, source network node 410 may trigger a handover from UE 405 to target network node 415.

[0093] As shown by reference numeral 450 in the attached figure, the source network node 410 and the target network node 415 can communicate with each other to prepare for the handover of UE 405. As part of the handover preparation, the source network node 410 can send a handover request to the target network node 415 to instruct the target network node 415 to prepare for handover. The source network node 410 can communicate to the target network node 415 the RRC context information associated with UE 405 and / or the configuration information associated with UE 405. The target network node 415 can prepare for handover by reserving resources for UE 405. After reserving resources, the target network node 415 can send an acknowledgment (ACK) to the source network node 410 in response to the handover request.

[0094] As shown by reference numeral 455 in the attached figure, the source network node 410 may send an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE 405. The RRC reconfiguration message may include a handover command instructing the UE 405 to perform a handover procedure from the source network node 410 to the target network node 415. The handover command may include information associated with the target network node 415, such as the assignment of a random access channel (RACH) preamble for accessing the target network node 415. Reception of the RRC reconfiguration message including the handover command by the UE 405 may trigger the start of the handover execution phase 435.

[0095] As indicated by reference numeral 460 in the attached figure, during the handover execution phase 435 of the MBB handover, the UE 405 can perform the handover by performing a random access procedure with the target network node 415 (e.g., including synchronization with the target network node 415) while continuing to communicate with the source network node 410. For example, when the UE 405 performs the random access procedure with the target network node 415, the UE 405 may send uplink data, uplink control information, and / or uplink reference signals (e.g., probe reference signals) to the source network node 410, and / or may receive downlink data, downlink control information, and / or downlink reference signals from the source network node 410.

[0096] As shown by reference numeral 465 in the attached figure, after successfully establishing a connection with the target network node 415 (e.g., via a random access procedure), the UE may send an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target network node 415. The receipt of the RRC reconfiguration message by the target network node 415 may trigger the start of the handover completion phase 440.

[0097] As shown by reference numeral 470 in the accompanying drawings, the source network node 410 and the target network node 415 can communicate with each other to prepare for releasing the connection between the source network node 410 and the UE 405. In some aspects, such as after receiving an RRC reconfiguration message from the UE 405, the target network node 415 can determine that the connection between the source network node 410 and the UE 405 is to be released. In this case, the target network node 415 can send a handover connection establishment complete message to the source network node 410. The handover connection establishment complete message can cause the source network node 410 to stop sending data to the UE 405 and / or stop receiving data from the UE 405. Additionally or alternatively, the handover connection establishment complete message can cause the source network node 410 to forward communications associated with the UE 405 to the target network node 415 and / or notify the target network node 415 of the status of one or more communications with the UE 405. For example, source network node 410 may forward buffered downlink communications (e.g., downlink data) for UE 405 and / or uplink communications (e.g., uplink data) received from UE 405 to target network node 415. Additionally or alternatively, source network node 410 may notify target network node 415 of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) status associated with UE 405 and / or the sequence number to be used for downlink communications with UE 405.

[0098] As shown by reference numeral 475 in the attached figure, the target network node 415 may send an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE 405 to instruct the UE 405 to release the connection with the source network node 410. Upon receiving the instruction to release the connection with the source network node 410, the UE 405 may cease communication with the source network node 410. For example, the UE 405 may avoid sending uplink communication to the source network node 410 and / or may avoid monitoring downlink communication from the source network node 410.

[0099] As shown by reference numeral 480 in the attached figure, the UE may send an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target network node 415 to indicate that the connection between the source network node 410 and the UE 405 is being released or has been released.

[0100] As shown by reference numeral 485 in the attached figure, the target network node 415, the UPF device 420, and / or the AMF device 425 can communicate to switch the user plane path of UE 405 from the source network node 410 to the target network node 415. Before the user plane path is switched, downlink communication for UE 405 can be routed to the source network node 410 via the core network. After the user plane path is switched, downlink communication for UE 405 can be routed to the target network node 415 via the core network. Upon completion of the user plane path switch, the AMF device 425 can send an end marker message to the source network node 410 to notify the completion of the user plane path switch. As shown by reference numeral 490 in the attached figure, the target network node 415 and the source network node 410 can communicate to release the source network node 410.

[0101] As part of the MBB handover process, UE 405 may maintain simultaneous connections with both the source network node 410 and the target network node 415 during time period 495. Time period 495 may begin at the start of handover execution phase 435 (e.g., after UE 405 receives a handover command from source network node 410) when UE 405 performs a random access procedure with target network node 415. Time period 495 may end when the connection between UE 405 and source network node 410 is released (e.g., when UE 405 receives an instruction to release source network node 410 from target network node 415). By maintaining simultaneous connections with both source network node 410 and target network node 415, the handover process can be performed with zero or minimal communication interruptions, thereby reducing latency.

[0102] As indicated above, Figure 4 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 4 The examples described are different.

[0103] Figure 5This is a diagram illustrating example 500 of UE mobility according to this disclosure. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the network may include a candidate cell set 502, which includes cells (e.g., serving cells) provided by serving cell network node 504 and a set of candidate cells provided by a set of candidate cell network nodes 506A, 506B and 506C.

[0104] UE 508 is located within the coverage area of ​​candidate cell set 502 and communicates with serving cell network node 504. When communicating with serving cell network node 504, UE moving away from serving cell network node 504 may cause UE 508 to have reduced signal strength and / or capacity via serving cell, and may cause UE 508 to have increased signal strength and / or capacity via candidate cells (such as candidate cells associated with candidate cell network node 506B).

[0105] In some networks, the special cell (SpCell) for the UE can be updated via L1 / L2 signaling, at least in part, based on L1 measurements of the serving cell and candidate cells. In some networks, UE mobility (e.g., moving from one cell to another) can include intra-frequency and inter-frequency mobility.

[0106] As indicated above, Figure 5 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 5 The examples described are different.

[0107] Such as combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 As described, the handover process allows the UE to move from a first cell to a second cell, at least in part, based on L1 / L2 measurements. However, during the handover time from the first cell to the second cell, communication with the UE can be delayed and / or interrupted. This can cause communication errors, skipping in the data stream, and / or loss of application layer connectivity, etc.

[0108] In some aspects described herein, the UE can receive the TCI state activation of the candidate cell before the cell handover command in LTM. In this way, the UE can reduce the amount of time during which communication is interrupted during cell handover. The UE can reduce communication errors, reduce or avoid skipping in the data stream, and / or reduce the likelihood of application layer connection loss, at least in part, based on the reduction in the amount of cell handover time.

[0109] In some aspects, the UE may indicate the activation of TCI states supporting candidate cells before the cell handover command in LTM. In some aspects, the UE may indicate one or more parameters for receiving TCI state activation of candidate cells before the cell handover command. For example, these one or more parameters may include the maximum number of activated TCI states per candidate cell, the maximum number of activated TCI states for all candidate cells, and / or the maximum number of activated TCI states for both the serving cell and candidate cells, etc. In some aspects, the UE may indicate one or more parameters per frequency band and / or per frequency band combination, etc.

[0110] In some aspects, the UE may (e.g., via RRC configuration) be configured to receive TCI activation before or along with the cell handover command. If TCI activation precedes the cell handover command, the TCI activation command may precede the Medium Access Control (MAC) control element (CE) that delivers the cell handover command by X milliseconds (ms) or X symbols. The TCI state indicated in the cell handover command may be selectable from the activated TCI state. In some aspects, an additional TCI application time Z may be required after the cell handover command but before the UE applies the indicated TCI state.

[0111] If TCI activation occurs along with a cell handover command, the UE can apply the TCI state Yms or Y symbols after the MAC CE that transmits the cell handover command. This configuration can be used when only one active TCI state exists for a candidate cell. In this case, the TCI state indication in the cell handover command is also the TCI state activation command.

[0112] If the UE receives a TCI-activated MAC CE before or within the cell handover command, the value of X or Y may be based at least in part on the time for sending the acknowledgment (ACK) associated with the MAC CE indicating the cell handover command and / or the time for applying the cell handover and the indicated TCI state (e.g., 3ms). For example, the value of X or Y could be T. HARQ + T HARQ (In a time slot) is the timing between downlink data transmission and ACK, and It represents the number of time slots in a subframe.

[0113] In some respects, the value of X or Y may be based at least in part on whether the candidate cell is known (e.g., whether the UE has previously identified the candidate cell). For example, the UE may know the candidate cell at least in part based on measuring one or more synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) via the candidate cell. If the candidate cell is unknown, the value of X or Y may include the time used to search for the candidate cell. For example, T interrupt = Tsearch + T ∆ + T margin ms, where T search T is the time required for the UE to search for target candidate cells when it receives a handover command. margin This is the time used for SSB post-processing. T ∆ This is the time used for fine-grained time tracking and obtaining complete timing information for candidate cells. If the candidate cell is a known cell, then T... search = 0ms. If the candidate cell is an unknown inter-frequency cell and the candidate cell has energy of Es / Iot ≥ -2dB, then T search = N*3* T rs ms. When the candidate cell is in FR2-1, N = 8. In some respects, T margin It can be as long as 2ms. For both known and unknown target candidate cells, T ∆ = T rs And T rs It refers to the periodicity of SSB measurement time configuration for candidate cells.

[0114] In some respects, the value of X or Y may be based at least in part on whether the UE knows the TCI state. For example, the UE may know the TCI state at least in part based on a reference signal (e.g., path loss reference signal (PLRS)) previously measured and associated with the TCI state. When the TCI state is unknown, the value of X or Y may include the timing of the receive beam used to refine the TCI state associated with the candidate cell. In some respects, in FR1 or when in FR2, when the TCI state handover does not involve Quasi-Co-location (QCL)-Type D, T L1-RSRP = 0. Otherwise, T L1-RSRP This is the time used for Rx beam refinement in FR2, which can be determined by T. SSB_CDP =The SSB of candidate cells is determined periodically. T SMTCperiod =Configured SSB Measurement Timing Configuration (SMTC) cycle. T SSB_SC =Serving cell's SSB-periodicityServingCell. Measurement gap repetition period (MGRP) = The periodicity of the measurement gap pattern associated with the SSB resources of the inter-frequency layer (if configured).

[0115] In some respects, the value of X or Y may be based at least in part on whether the active TCI state is a downlink TCI state, an uplink TCI state, or a joint TCI state. For (e.g., a DL TCI state not associated with a new PLRS) or a joint TCI state, the value of X or Y may include the time of the first SSB associated with the active TCI state in the candidate cell. For example, if the active TCI is unknown, then TO uk *(T first-SSB + T SSB-proc TOuk = 1 for L1-RSRP measurements based on Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) when TCI state switching involves QCL-TypeD, and TOuk = 0 for L1-RSRP measurements based on SSB. If the active TCI is known, then TOuk... k *(T first-SSB + T SSB-proc ) / NR slot length, where TOk = 1 if the TCI state is not in the list of active TCI states for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), or TOk = 0 if the TCI state is included in the list of active TCI states. T first-SSB This refers to the time between L1-RSRP measurement and the first SSB and / or measurement gap containing SSB transmission when the TCI state transition involves QCL-Type D, or for other QCL types, the time between the UE decoding the MAC CE command and the first SSB measurement gap containing SSB transmission. In some aspects, T... SSB-proc = 2ms. In some respects, SSB is QCL-Type A or QCL-Type C to the active TCI state.

[0116] In some aspects where a separate UL TCI state switch or a combined TCI state is associated with a new PLRS, when the value of beamCorrespondenceWithoutUL-BeamSweeping is set to 1, the value of X or Y may include the time used to maintain the PLRS. For example, if the TCI state is known to the UE, the time to maintain the PLRS may be NM*(T first_target-PL-RS + 4*T target_PL-RS + 2ms) / NR slot length, where NM = 1 if the UE does not maintain the target PLRS, or NM = 0 if the UE maintains PLRS. If the active TCI state is unknown, the PLRS maintenance time can be (T first_target-PL-RS + 4*T target_PL-RS + 2ms) / NR slot length. T first_target-PL-RSThis is the time interval between the L1-RSRP measurement and the first path loss RS transmission measurement interval, which includes the PLRS, when the TCI state is unknown. Alternatively, T... first_target-PL-RS T is the time interval between the known TCI state and the first path loss RS transmission measurement interval, after the UE decodes the TCI activation command (e.g., via MAC CE). target_PL-RS It is the periodicity of path loss RS signal transmission intervals that includes PLRS (such as SSB or non-zero power CSI-RS, if supported).

[0117] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating example 600 associated with TCI activation prior to cell handover, according to this disclosure. Figure 6 As shown, the first network node and the second network node (e.g., network node 110, CU, DU, and / or RU) can communicate with the UE (e.g., UE 120). In some aspects, the first network node, the second network node, and the UE can be part of a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100). The UE and the first network node can... Figure 6 The operation shown has been performed with a wireless connection already established.

[0118] As shown by reference numeral 605 in the attached figure, the first network node may send configuration information, and the UE may receive the configuration information. In some aspects, the UE may receive the configuration information via one or more of the following: RRC signaling, one or more MAC CEs, and / or downlink control information (DCI). In some aspects, the configuration information may include indications of one or more configuration parameters for the UE to select (e.g., those known to the UE and / or previously indicated by the network node or other network device) and / or explicit configuration information for the UE to configure itself, etc.

[0119] In some aspects, the configuration information may instruct the UE to send a capability report indicating whether the UE supports TCI state activation of the candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command. In some aspects, the configuration information may instruct the UE to provide an indication of one or more parameters associated with supporting TCI state activation of the candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command. In some aspects, the configuration information may instruct the UE to receive TCI state activation before the cell handover command or in the same message as the cell handover command.

[0120] The UE can configure itself at least in part based on configuration information. In some respects, the UE can be configured to perform one or more operations described herein, at least in part based on configuration information.

[0121] As shown by reference numeral 610 in the attached figure, the UE may send a capability report, and the first network node may receive the capability report. In some aspects, the capability report may indicate to the UE that it supports TCI state activation of the candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command (e.g., in L1 / L2 triggered mobility).

[0122] In some respects, the indication of the activation of the TCI state supporting the candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command may include an indication of one or more parameters supported by the UE. For example, the UE may indicate the maximum number of active TCI states supported per candidate cell, the maximum number of active TCI states supported for all candidate cells, the maximum number of active TCI states supported for the serving cell and all candidate cells, the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band, and / or the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band for a given frequency band combination, etc.

[0123] As shown in Figure 615, the UE may receive TCI state activation for one or more candidate cells, and the first network node may send the TCI state activation. TCI state activation (e.g., TCI state activation command) may indicate one or more TCI states for a single candidate cell, one TCI state for each candidate cell, or one or more TCI states for each candidate cell, etc.

[0124] As shown by reference numeral 620 in the attached figure, the UE may receive a cell handover command, and a first network node may send the cell handover command. The cell handover command may indicate a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among one or more candidate cells. In some aspects, the UE may receive the cell handover command based at least in part on an indication of activation of the TCI state supporting the candidate cell prior to receiving the cell handover command.

[0125] In some respects, the UE may receive a cell handover command after receiving TCI state activation or in the same message as TCI state activation. For example, the UE may receive TCI state activation, at least in part, based on the received configuration, before or in the same message as the cell handover command.

[0126] In some respects, the UE may receive the TCI state activation command in the same message as the cell handover command. In other respects, the TCI state indication in the cell handover command includes the TCI state activation command.

[0127] In some aspects, the UE may receive the TCI state activation command in a separate message from the cell handover command (e.g., an earlier message from the cell handover command). In some aspects, the UE may receive the TCI activation command within a certain number of time resources prior to the cell handover command, wherein the number of time resources meets a threshold. In some aspects, the cell handover command may indicate a TCI state selected from the TCI states activated in the TCI state activation command.

[0128] As shown by reference numeral 625 in the attached figure, the UE may apply one or more TCI states indicated in TCI activation. In some aspects, the UE may apply one or more TCI states indicated in TCI activation to communications with a new cell.

[0129] The UE may apply one or more TCI states indicated in the TCI activation at a first time offset from the second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from the UE. In some aspects, the offset may be based at least in part on whether the UE has previously identified a candidate cell, whether the UE has previously identified a TCI state, and / or whether the activated TCI state is a DL TCI state, a UL TCI state, or a combined TCI state, etc. For example, not having previously identified a candidate cell may add a first duration to the offset, not having previously identified a TCI state may add a second duration to the offset, and / or the TCI state type (e.g., uplink only, downlink only, or combined TCI state) may add a third duration to the offset, etc.

[0130] In some aspects, the UE may apply one or more TCI states indicated in TCI activation at a time offset from the time the UE receives the cell handover command. In some aspects, the time at which the UE applies one or more TCI states is the sum of one or more of the following: the offset between receiving the TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells and receiving the cell handover command; the time resources occupied by the cell handover command; or the offset from receiving the cell handover command.

[0131] In some respects, the length of the offset from receiving the TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells and applying one or more TCI states indicated in the TCI activation is at least partially based on the satisfaction of a threshold, the offset for sending an acknowledgment of the cell handover command and the processing time for applying the cell handover command, the amount of time for searching the cell indicated in the cell handover command, the amount of time for refining the received beam in the candidate cells, and / or whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states or joint TCI states, etc.

[0132] In some respects, refining the timing of the received beam in a candidate cell is based at least in part on the periodicity of the candidate cell's SSB, the configured SSB measurement timing period, the periodicity of the serving cell's SSB, and / or the periodicity of the measurement gap pattern associated with the SSB resources of the inter-frequency layer, etc.

[0133] In some aspects, one or more TCI states are downlink TCI states or joint TCI states. In these cases, the length of the offset may be based at least in part on the time when the UE receives the first SSB associated with one or more TCI states. In some aspects, one or more TCI states are uplink TCI states or joint TCI states associated with a new path loss reference signal. In these cases, the length of the offset is based at least in part on the time associated with the sustaining path loss reference signal.

[0134] As shown by reference numeral 630 in the accompanying drawings, the UE and the second network node can communicate via a new cell (e.g., a candidate cell and / or a target cell). In some aspects, the UE and the second network node can communicate at least in part based on reducing the amount of cell handover time, resulting in reduced latency, reduced communication interruptions from cell handover, and / or a reduced likelihood of application layer connection loss.

[0135] As indicated above, Figure 6 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 6 The examples described are different.

[0136] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating example 700 associated with TCI activation prior to cell handover, according to this disclosure. Figure 7 In this context, the first network node and the second network node (e.g., network node 110, CU, DU, and / or RU) can communicate with the UE (e.g., UE 120) via the serving cell and candidate cell. In some aspects, the first network node, the second network node, and the UE can be part of a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100). The UE and the first network node can... Figure 7 The operation shown has been performed with a wireless connection already established.

[0137] like Figure 7As shown, the UE can receive a TCI state activation command 702, and the network node can send the TCI state activation command. After an offset X 704 for TCI activation, the UE can receive a cell handover command 706 with a TCI state indication, and the network node can send the cell handover command. The offset X can be in time (e.g., ms) or in time resources (e.g., time symbols). In some aspects, the cell handover command 706 with a TCI state indication can be included in the MAC CE. In some aspects, the TCI state indication can be selected from the TCI state activated via the TCI state activation command 702.

[0138] After offset Z 708 for TCI application, the UE can perform cell handover and apply TCI state (710). In some respects, offset Z may be based at least in part on the UE's capabilities (e.g., computing resources), communication protocols, and / or configurations from the first network node.

[0139] As indicated above, Figure 7 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 7 The examples described are different.

[0140] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating example 800 associated with TCI activation prior to cell handover, according to this disclosure. Figure 8 In this context, the first network node and the second network node (e.g., network node 110, CU, DU, and / or RU) can communicate with the UE (e.g., UE 120) via the serving cell and candidate cell. In some aspects, the first network node, the second network node, and the UE can be part of a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100). The UE and the first network node can... Figure 8 The operation shown has been performed with a wireless connection already established.

[0141] like Figure 8 As shown, the UE can receive a cell handover command 802 with TCI activation and indication, and the network node can send the cell handover command. The cell handover command 802 with TCI activation and indication can be included in the MAC CE. In some aspects, the cell handover command 802 with TCI activation and indication can activate the cell handover command indication for a candidate cell, indicating a handover to only one TCI state. In this case, the TCI indication in the cell handover command is also a TCI activation command.

[0142] After offset Y 804 for TCI activation and application, the UE can perform cell handover and apply the TCI state (806). Offset Y can be in time (e.g., ms) or in time resources (e.g., time symbols). In some respects, offset Y is greater than or equal to the combination of Figure 7 The X described.

[0143] As indicated above, Figure 8 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 8 The examples described are different.

[0144] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example procedure 900 performed by a UE according to this disclosure. Example procedure 900 is an example in which a UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with TCI activation prior to cell handover.

[0145] like Figure 9 As shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include sending an indication of TCI state activation supporting the candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility (box 910). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The transmitting component 1304 and / or communication manager 1306 described herein may transmit an indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility, as described above.

[0146] like Figure 9 As further shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include receiving TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells (block 920). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The receiving component 1302 and / or communication manager 1306 described herein can receive TCI state activations of one or more candidate cells, as described above.

[0147] like Figure 9 As further shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include receiving the cell handover command (block 930) based at least in part on an indication of activation of the TCI state of the supporting candidate cell prior to receiving the cell handover command. For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The receiving component 1302 and / or communication manager 1306 described herein may receive the cell handover command at least in part based on an indication of activation of the TCI state of the supporting candidate cell prior to receiving the cell handover command, as described above.

[0148] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0149] In a first aspect, receiving the cell handover command includes receiving the cell handover command after receiving the TCI state activation or in the same message as the TCI state activation.

[0150] In a second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 900 includes receiving a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation prior to the cell handover command or a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation in the same message as the cell handover command, wherein receiving the configuration is based at least in part on sending the indication of support.

[0151] In a third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the indication for activating the TCI state supporting the candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command includes an indication of one or more of the following: the maximum number of active TCI states supported per candidate cell, the maximum number of active TCI states supported for all candidate cells, the maximum number of active TCI states supported for the serving cell and all candidate cells, the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band, or the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band for the corresponding frequency band combination.

[0152] although Figure 9 An example box of process 900 is shown, but in some respects, process 900 may include... Figure 9 The boxes depicted in the diagram may be fewer, different, or arranged differently than additional boxes. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 900 may be executed in parallel.

[0153] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example procedure 1000 performed by a UE according to this disclosure. The exemplary procedure 1000 is an example in which a UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with TCI activation prior to cell handover.

[0154] like Figure 10 As shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include receiving a TCI state activation command (block 1010) indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. For example, a UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The receiving component 1302 and / or communication manager 1306 depicted herein may receive a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells, as described above.

[0155] like Figure 10 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include receiving a cell handover command instructing a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among one or more candidate cells (block 1020). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13The receiving component 1302 and / or communication manager 1306 described herein may receive a cell handover command instructing a handover from the serving cell to one or more candidate cells, as described above.

[0156] like Figure 10 Further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include applying one or more TCI states to communication via candidate cells at a first time offset from the second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from the UE (box 1030). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 13 The communication manager 1306 described above can apply one or more TCI states to communications via candidate cells at a first time offset from the second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from the UE.

[0157] Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0158] In a first aspect, the offset is based at least in part on one or more of the following: whether the UE has previously identified the candidate cell, whether the UE has previously identified the TCI state, or whether the activated TCI state is a DL TCI state, a UL TCI state, or a combined TCI state.

[0159] In a second aspect, receiving the TCI state activation command, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, includes receiving the TCI state activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, or receiving the TCI state activation command in a separate message from the cell handover command.

[0160] In a third aspect, receiving the TCI state activation command, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, includes: receiving the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and the TCI state activation command prior to the cell handover command satisfying a threshold amount of time resources.

[0161] In the fourth aspect, receiving the TCI state activation command, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, includes receiving the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, wherein the cell handover command indicates a TCI state selected from the TCI state activated in the TCI state activation command.

[0162] In the fifth aspect, receiving the TCI state activation command, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, includes: receiving the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and the first time being a third time offset from when the UE receives the cell handover command.

[0163] In the sixth aspect, receiving the TCI status activation command, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, includes receiving the TCI status activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, and the TCI status indication in the cell handover command includes the TCI status activation command.

[0164] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is based at least in part on one or more of the following: the satisfaction of a threshold, the offset for sending an acknowledgment of the cell handover command and the processing time for applying the cell handover command, the amount of time for searching the cell indicated in the cell handover command, the amount of time for refining the receive beam in the candidate cell, or whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states or joint TCI states.

[0165] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the time amount of the received beam in the candidate cell is refined at least in part based on one or more of the following: the periodicity of the SSB of the candidate cell, the configured SSB measurement timing configuration period, the periodicity of the SSB of the serving cell, or the periodicity of the measurement gap pattern associated with the SSB resources of the inter-frequency layer.

[0166] In the ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states, wherein the one or more TCI states are downlink TCI states or joint TCI states, and wherein the length of the offset is at least partially based on the third time when the UE receives the first SSB associated with the one or more TCI states.

[0167] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states, wherein one or more TCI states are uplink TCI states or joint TCI states associated with a new path loss reference signal, and wherein the length of the offset is at least partially based on a third time associated with a sustaining path loss reference signal.

[0168] although Figure 10 An example box of process 1000 is shown, but in some respects, process 1000 may include... Figure 10 The boxes depicted in the diagram are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Additionally or alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 1000 may be executed in parallel.

[0169] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100 performed by a network node, for example, according to this disclosure. Example process 1100 is an example in which a network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with TCI activation prior to cell handover.

[0170] like Figure 11 As shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include receiving an indication of TCI state activation supporting a candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility (box 1110). For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 14 The receiving component 1402 and / or communication manager 1406 described herein may receive an indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility, as described above.

[0171] like Figure 11 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include sending TCI state activations for one or more candidate cells (box 1120). For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 14 The transmitting component 1404 and / or the communication manager 1406 described herein can transmit TCI status activations for one or more candidate cells, as described above.

[0172] like Figure 11 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include sending a cell handover command (box 1130) based at least in part on an indication of the activation of the TCI state of a supporting candidate cell before sending the cell handover command. For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 14The transmitting component 1404 and / or communication manager 1406 described herein may transmit the cell handover command at least in part based on an indication of activation of the TCI state of the supporting candidate cell prior to transmitting the cell handover command, as described above.

[0173] Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0174] In a first aspect, sending the cell handover command includes sending the cell handover command after sending the TCI state activation or in the same message as the TCI state activation.

[0175] In a second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 1100 includes sending a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation prior to the cell handover command or for receiving the TCI state activation in the same message as the cell handover command, wherein sending the configuration is based at least in part on receiving the indication of support.

[0176] In a third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the indication for the activation of the TCI state supporting the candidate cell before sending the cell handover command includes an indication of one or more of the following: the maximum number of active TCI states supported per candidate cell, the maximum number of active TCI states supported for all candidate cells, the maximum number of active TCI states supported for the serving cell and all candidate cells, the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band, or the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band for the corresponding frequency band combination.

[0177] although Figure 11 An example box of process 1100 is shown, but in some respects, process 1100 may include... Figure 11 The boxes depicted herein are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Additionally or alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 1100 may be executed in parallel.

[0178] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 1200 performed by a network node according to this disclosure. Example process 1200 is an example in which a network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with TCI activation prior to cell handover.

[0179] like Figure 12As shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include sending a TCI state activation command (box 1210) indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 14 The transmitting component 1404 and / or the communication manager 1406 described herein can transmit a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells, as described above.

[0180] like Figure 12 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include sending a cell handover command (block 1220) instructing a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among one or more candidate cells. For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 14 The transmitting component 1404 and / or the communication manager 1406 described herein can transmit a cell handover command instructing a switchover from the serving cell to one or more candidate cells, as described above.

[0181] like Figure 12 Further shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include applying one or more TCI states to communications via candidate cells at a first time offset from the second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from the UE (box 1230). For example, a network node (e.g., using...) Figure 14 The communication manager 1406 described above can apply one or more TCI states to communications via candidate cells at a first time offset from the second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from the UE.

[0182] Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0183] In a first aspect, the offset is based at least in part on one or more of the following: whether the UE has previously identified the candidate cell, whether the UE has previously identified the TCI state, or whether the activated TCI state is a DL TCI state, a UL TCI state, or a combined TCI state.

[0184] In a second aspect, sending the TCI status activation command, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, includes sending the TCI status activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, or sending the TCI status activation command in a separate message from the cell handover command.

[0185] In a third aspect, sending the TCI state activation command, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, includes sending the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and the TCI state activation command prior to the cell handover command satisfying a threshold amount of time resources.

[0186] In the fourth aspect, sending the TCI state activation command, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, includes sending the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, wherein the cell handover command indicates a TCI state selected from the TCI state activated in the TCI state activation command.

[0187] In the fifth aspect, sending the TCI state activation command alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects includes: sending the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and the first time being a third time offset from when the UE receives the cell handover command.

[0188] In the sixth aspect, sending the TCI status activation command, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, includes sending the TCI status activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, and the TCI status indication in the cell handover command includes the TCI status activation command.

[0189] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is based at least in part on one or more of the following: the satisfaction of a threshold, the offset for sending an acknowledgment of the cell handover command and the processing time for applying the cell handover command, the amount of time for searching the cell indicated in the cell handover command, the amount of time for refining the receive beam in the candidate cell, or whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states or joint TCI states.

[0190] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the time amount of the received beam in the candidate cell is refined at least in part based on one or more of the following: the periodicity of the SSB of the candidate cell, the configured SSB measurement timing configuration period, the periodicity of the SSB of the serving cell, or the periodicity of the measurement gap pattern associated with the SSB resources of the inter-frequency layer.

[0191] In the ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states, wherein the one or more TCI states are downlink TCI states or joint TCI states, and wherein the length of the offset is at least partially based on the third time when the UE receives the first SSB associated with the one or more TCI states.

[0192] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states, wherein one or more TCI states are uplink TCI states or joint TCI states associated with a new path loss reference signal, and wherein the length of the offset is at least partially based on a third time associated with a sustaining path loss reference signal.

[0193] although Figure 12 An example box of process 1200 is shown, but in some respects, process 1200 may include... Figure 12 The boxes depicted in the text are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Additionally or alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 1200 may be executed in parallel.

[0194] Figure 13 This is a diagram of an example device 1300 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 1300 may be a UE, or a UE may include device 1300. In some aspects, device 1300 includes a receiving component 1302, a transmitting component 1304, and / or a communication manager 1306 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, communication manager 1306 is combined with... Figure 1 The described communication manager 140. As shown, device 1300 can communicate with another device 1308 (such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, DU, RU or base station)) using receiving component 1302 and transmitting component 1304.

[0195] In some respects, device 1300 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 6 to 8 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 9 The process 900 Figure 10 The process 1000 or a combination thereof. In some respects, Figure 13 The illustrated device 1300 and / or one or more components may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described UE. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 13 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the components in a set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0196] Receiver 1302 may receive communications from device 1308, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1302 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1300. In some aspects, receiver 1302 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1300. In some aspects, receiver 1302 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0197] Transmitting component 1304 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1308. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1300 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1304 for transmission to device 1308. In some aspects, transmitting component 1304 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and transmit the processed signals to device 1308. In some aspects, transmitting component 1304 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, transmit component 1304 may be co-located with receive component 1302 in a transceiver.

[0198] The communication manager 1306 may support the operation of the receiving component 1302 and / or the transmitting component 1304. For example, the communication manager 1306 may receive information associated with configuring the reception of communications by the receiving component 1302 and / or the transmission of communications by the transmitting component 1304. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1306 may generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 1302 and / or the transmitting component 1304 to control the reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0199] The transmitting component 1304 may transmit an indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility. The receiving component 1302 may receive TCI state activation for one or more candidate cells. The receiving component 1302 may receive the cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command.

[0200] The receiving component 1302 may receive a configuration for receiving TCI state activation prior to a cell handover command or for receiving TCI state activation in the same message as the cell handover command, wherein receiving the configuration is at least in part based on sending an indication of support.

[0201] The receiving component 1302 can receive a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. The receiving component 1302 can also receive a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among one or more candidate cells. The communication manager 1306 can apply one or more TCI states to communications via candidate cells at a first time offset from the second time offset after receiving the TCI state activation command from the UE.

[0202] Figure 13 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 13 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 13 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 13 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 13 The set (one or more) components shown are executable and described as being composed of Figure 13 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0203] Figure 14This is a diagram of an example device 1400 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 1400 is a network node, or a network node may include device 1400. In some aspects, device 1400 includes a receiving component 1402, a transmitting component 1404, and / or a communication manager 1406 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, the communication manager 1406 is combined with... Figure 1 The described communication manager 150. As shown, device 1400 can communicate with another device 1408 (such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, DU, RU or base station)) using receiving component 1402 and transmitting component 1404.

[0204] In some respects, device 1400 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 6 to 8 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 11 Process 1100 Figure 12 The process 1200 or a combination thereof. In some respects, Figure 14 The device 1400 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described network node. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 14 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the components in a set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0205] Receiver 1402 may receive communications from device 1408, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1402 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1400. In some aspects, receiver 1402 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1400. In some aspects, receiver 1402 may include combinations of... Figure 2The described network node includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, receiver component 1402 and / or transmitter component 1404 may include or be included in a network interface. The network interface may be configured to acquire and / or output signals for device 1400 via one or more communication links, such as backhaul links, midhaul links, and / or fronthaul links.

[0206] Transmitting component 1404 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1408. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1400 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1404 for transmission to device 1408. In some aspects, transmitting component 1404 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and transmit the processed signals to device 1408. In some aspects, transmitting component 1404 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described network node includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1404 may be co-located with the receive component 1402 in a transceiver.

[0207] The communication manager 1406 may support the operation of the receiving component 1402 and / or the transmitting component 1404. For example, the communication manager 1406 may receive information associated with configuring the reception of communications by the receiving component 1402 and / or the transmission of communications by the transmitting component 1404. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1406 may generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 1402 and / or the transmitting component 1404 to control the reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0208] The receiving component 1402 may receive an indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in L1 or L2-triggered mobility. The transmitting component 1404 may transmit TCI state activation for one or more candidate cells. The transmitting component 1404 may transmit the cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of TCI state activation for a supporting candidate cell before transmitting the cell handover command.

[0209] The transmitting component 1404 can transmit a configuration for receiving TCI state activation before a cell handover command or for receiving TCI state activation in the same message as the cell handover command, wherein the transmission of the configuration is at least in part based on receiving an indication of support.

[0210] Transmitting component 1404 may transmit a TCI state activation command indicating one or more TCI states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells. Transmitting component 1404 may also transmit a cell handover command indicating a handover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among one or more candidate cells. Communication manager 1406 may apply one or more TCI states to communications via candidate cells at a first time offset from the second time offset after the UE receives the TCI state activation command.

[0211] Figure 14 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 14 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 14 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 14 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 14 The set (one or more) components shown are executable and described as being composed of Figure 14 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0212] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0213] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: transmitting an indication of activation of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in mobility triggered by a layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2); receiving TCI state activation for one or more candidate cells; and receiving the cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of activation of the TCI state for the supporting candidate cells before receiving the cell handover command.

[0214] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, receiving the cell handover command includes: receiving the cell handover command after receiving the TCI state activation or in the same message as the TCI state activation.

[0215] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, the method further includes: receiving a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation before the cell handover command or a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation in the same message as the cell handover command, wherein receiving the configuration is based at least in part on sending the indication for support.

[0216] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the indication for the activation of TCI states supporting candidate cells before receiving the cell handover command includes an indication of one or more of the following: the maximum number of active TCI states supported per candidate cell, the maximum number of active TCI states supported for all candidate cells, the maximum number of active TCI states supported for the serving cell and all candidate cells, the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band, or the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band for a given combination of frequency bands.

[0217] Aspect 5: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving a TCI state activation command indicating one or more Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells; receiving a cell handover command indicating a handover from a serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells; and applying the one or more TCI states to communication via the candidate cells at a first time at a second time offset from when the TCI state activation command is received from the UE.

[0218] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, the offset is based at least in part on one or more of the following: whether the UE has previously identified the candidate cell, whether the UE has previously identified the TCI state, or whether the active TCI state is a DL TCI state, a UL TCI state, or a combined TCI state.

[0219] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 6, wherein receiving the TCI state activation command comprises: receiving the TCI state activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, or receiving the TCI state activation command in a separate message from the cell handover command.

[0220] Aspect 8: According to the method of aspect 7, receiving the TCI state activation command includes: receiving the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and the TCI state activation command prior to the cell handover command satisfying a threshold amount of time resources.

[0221] Aspect 9: According to the method of aspect 7, receiving the TCI state activation command includes: receiving the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and wherein the cell handover command indicates a TCI state selected from the TCI state activated in the TCI state activation command.

[0222] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 7, receiving the TCI state activation command includes: receiving the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and wherein the first time is a third time offset from when the cell handover command is received from the UE.

[0223] Aspect 11: According to the method of aspect 7, receiving the TCI state activation command includes: receiving the TCI state activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, and wherein the TCI state indication in the cell handover command includes the TCI state activation command.

[0224] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 11, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is based at least in part on one or more of the following: the satisfaction of a threshold, the offset for acknowledgment of sending the cell handover command and the processing time for applying the cell handover command, the amount of time for searching the cell indicated in the cell handover command, the amount of time for refining the received beam in the candidate cells, or whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states or joint TCI states.

[0225] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 12, the time amount of refining the received beam in the candidate cell is based at least in part on one or more of the following: the periodicity of the synchronization signal block (SSB) of the candidate cell, the configured SSB measurement timing configuration period, the periodicity of the SSB of the serving cell, or the periodicity of the measurement gap pattern associated with the SSB resources of the inter-frequency layer.

[0226] Aspect 14: According to the method of aspect 12, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or combined TCI states, wherein the one or more TCI states are downlink TCI states or combined TCI states, and wherein the length of the offset is at least partially based on a third time when the UE receives a first SSB associated with the one or more TCI states.

[0227] Aspect 15: The method according to aspect 12, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states, wherein the one or more TCI states are uplink TCI states or joint TCI states associated with a new path loss reference signal, and wherein the length of the offset is at least partially based on a third time associated with a sustaining path loss reference signal.

[0228] Aspect 16: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: receiving an indication of activation of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state for a supporting candidate cell before receiving a cell handover command in mobility triggered at layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2); transmitting TCI state activation of one or more candidate cells; and transmitting the cell handover command based at least in part on the indication of activation of the TCI state for the supporting candidate cells before transmitting the cell handover command.

[0229] Aspect 17: According to the method of aspect 16, sending the cell handover command includes: sending the cell handover command after sending the TCI state activation or in the same message as the TCI state activation.

[0230] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 17, the method further comprising: sending a configuration for receiving TCI state activation prior to the cell handover command or for receiving TCI state activation in the same message as the cell handover command, wherein sending the configuration is at least in part based on receiving the indication for support.

[0231] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 18, wherein the indication for the activation of TCI states supporting candidate cells before sending the cell handover command includes an indication of one or more of the following: a maximum number of active TCI states supported per candidate cell, a maximum number of active TCI states supported for all candidate cells, a maximum number of active TCI states supported for the serving cell and all candidate cells, a maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band, or a maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band for a given combination of frequency bands.

[0232] Aspect 20: A wireless communication method performed by a network node, the method comprising: transmitting a TCI state activation command indicating one or more Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states to be activated associated with one or more candidate cells; transmitting a cell handover command indicating a handover from a serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells; and applying the one or more TCI states to communications via the candidate cells at a first time offset from a second time offset to the user equipment (UE) receiving the TCI state activation command.

[0233] Aspect 21: According to the method of aspect 20, the offset is based at least in part on one or more of the following: whether the UE has previously identified the candidate cell, whether the UE has previously identified the TCI state, or whether the active TCI state is a DL TCI state, a UL TCI state, or a combined TCI state.

[0234] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of Aspects 20 to 21, wherein sending the TCI state activation command comprises: sending the TCI state activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, or sending the TCI state activation command in a separate message from the cell handover command.

[0235] Aspect 23: According to the method of aspect 22, sending the TCI state activation command includes: sending the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and wherein the TCI state activation command precedes the cell handover command by a number of time resources that satisfy a threshold.

[0236] Aspect 24: According to the method of aspect 22, sending the TCI state activation command includes: sending the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and wherein the cell handover command indicates a TCI state selected from the TCI state activated in the TCI state activation command.

[0237] Aspect 25: According to the method of aspect 22, sending the TCI state activation command includes: sending the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and wherein the first time is a third time offset from when the cell handover command is received from the UE.

[0238] Aspect 26: According to the method of aspect 22, sending the TCI status activation command includes: sending the TCI status activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, and wherein the TCI status indication in the cell handover command includes the TCI status activation command.

[0239] Aspect 27: The method according to any one of Aspects 20 to 26, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is based at least in part on one or more of the following: the satisfaction of a threshold, the offset for sending an acknowledgment of the cell handover command and the processing time for applying the cell handover command, the amount of time for searching the cell indicated in the cell handover command, the amount of time for refining the received beam in the candidate cells, or whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states or joint TCI states.

[0240] Aspect 28: According to the method of aspect 27, the time amount of refining the received beam in the candidate cell is based at least in part on one or more of the following: the periodicity of the synchronization signal block (SSB) of the candidate cell, the configured SSB measurement timing configuration period, the periodicity of the SSB of the serving cell, or the periodicity of the measurement gap pattern associated with the SSB resources of the inter-frequency layer.

[0241] Aspect 29: According to the method of aspect 27, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or combined TCI states, wherein the one or more TCI states are downlink TCI states or combined TCI states, and wherein the length of the offset is at least partially based on a third time when the UE receives a first SSB associated with the one or more TCI states.

[0242] Aspect 30: The method according to aspect 27, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states, wherein the one or more TCI states are uplink TCI states or joint TCI states associated with a new path loss reference signal, and wherein the length of the offset is at least partially based on a third time associated with a sustaining path loss reference signal.

[0243] Aspect 31: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 30.

[0244] Aspect 32: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 30.

[0245] Aspect 33: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 30.

[0246] Aspect 34: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 30.

[0247] Aspect 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 30.

[0248] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from practice of these aspects.

[0249] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, "software" should be interpreted broadly as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, etc. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting in any way. Therefore, no specific software code is referenced herein to describe the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein, to implement the systems and / or methods.

[0250] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0251] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically set forth in the claims and / or not disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase referring to “at least one of” the list of items refers to any combination of these items (including a single member). As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0252] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and are used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the article “described” is intended to include one or more items mentioned in connection with the article “described” and is used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “group” and “cluster” are intended to include one or more items and are used interchangeably with “one or more.” If only one item is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology is used. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “have,” “possess,” “have,” etc., are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Furthermore, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on” unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be open-ended when used in a series and is interchangeable with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “any” or “only one”).

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the user equipment (UE) comprising: Memory; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to the memory and configured to: Before receiving a cell handover command in mobility triggered by Layer 1 (L1) or Layer 2 (L2), send an indication that the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state of the supporting candidate cell is activated; Receive TCI status activation from one or more candidate cells; as well as The cell handover command is received at least in part based on the indication that the TCI state of the supporting candidate cell is activated before the cell handover command is received.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, in order to receive the cell handover command, the one or more processors are configured to: The cell handover command is received after the TCI state activation is received or in the same message as the TCI state activation.

3. The UE of claim 2, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: receive a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation before the cell handover command or a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation in the same message as the cell handover command. The reception of the aforementioned configuration is based at least in part on sending the indicated support.

4. The UE of claim 1, wherein the indication of activating the TCI state of the supporting candidate cell before receiving the cell handover command includes an indication of one or more of the following: The maximum number of active TCI states supported by each candidate cell. The maximum number of active TCI states that support all candidate cells. The maximum number of active TCI states supported for the serving cell and all candidate cells. The maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band, or For a given frequency band combination, the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band.

5. A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising: Memory; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to the memory and configured to: Receive a TCI state activation command that indicates the state of one or more Transmit Configuration Indicators (TCIs) to be activated, which is associated with one or more candidate cells; Receive a cell handover command instructing a switchover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells; as well as At a first time offset from the second time offset from the time the TCI state activation command is received from the UE, the one or more TCI states are applied to communications via the candidate cell.

6. The UE of claim 5, wherein the offset is based at least in part on one or more of the following: Has the UE previously identified the candidate cell? Has the UE previously identified the TCI status, or The activated TCI state is either the DL TCI state, the UL TCI state, or a combined TCI state.

7. The UE of claim 5, wherein, in order to receive the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: Receive the TCI state activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, or The TCI state activation command is received in a separate message from the cell handover command.

8. The UE of claim 7, wherein, in order to receive the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: receive the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and The TCI state activation command precedes the cell handover command by a certain amount of time resources.

9. The UE of claim 7, wherein, in order to receive the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: receive the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and The cell handover command indicates a TCI state selected from the TCI state activated in the TCI state activation command.

10. The UE of claim 7, wherein, in order to receive the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: receive the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and The first time is the third time offset from when the cell handover command is received from the UE.

11. The UE of claim 7, wherein, in order to receive the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: receive the TCI state activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, and The TCI status indication in the cell handover command includes the TCI status activation command.

12. The UE of claim 5, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is based at least in part on one or more of the following: The threshold is satisfied. The offset used to send confirmation of the cell handover command and the processing time for applying the cell handover command. Search for the time amount of the cell indicated in the cell handover command. Refine the timing of the received beam in the candidate cells, or The one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or combined TCI states.

13. The UE of claim 12, wherein the amount of time for refining the received beam in the candidate cells is based at least in part on one or more of the following: The periodicity of the synchronization signal block (SSB) of the candidate cell, Configure the SSB measurement timing period. The periodicity of the SSB of the serving cell, or Periodicity of measurement gap patterns associated with SSB resources in the frequency interlayer.

14. The UE of claim 12, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states. One or more of these TCI states are downlink TCI states or joint TCI states, and The length of the offset is at least partially based on the third time when the UE receives the first SSB associated with the one or more TCI states.

15. The UE of claim 12, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states. One or more of these TCI states are uplink TCI states or joint TCI states associated with the new path loss reference signal, and The length of the offset is at least partially based on a third time associated with the sustaining path loss reference signal.

16. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprising: Memory; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to the memory and configured to: Before receiving a cell handover command in mobility triggered by Layer 1 (L1) or Layer 2 (L2), receive an indication of activation of the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for supporting candidate cells; Send the TCI status activation of one or more candidate cells; as well as The cell handover command is sent at least in part based on the indication that the TCI state of the supporting candidate cell is activated before the cell handover command is sent.

17. The network node of claim 16, wherein, in order to send the cell handover command, the one or more processors are configured to: The cell handover command is sent after the TCI state activation is sent or in the same message as the TCI state activation.

18. The network node of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: send a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation before the cell handover command or a configuration for receiving the TCI state activation in the same message as the cell handover command. The transmission of the configuration is based at least in part on receiving the indication of support.

19. The network node of claim 16, wherein the indication of activating the TCI state supporting the candidate cell before sending the cell handover command includes an indication of one or more of the following: The maximum number of active TCI states supported by each candidate cell. The maximum number of active TCI states that support all candidate cells. The maximum number of active TCI states supported for the serving cell and all candidate cells. The maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band, or For a given frequency band combination, the maximum number of active TCI states supported per frequency band.

20. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprising: Memory; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to the memory and configured to: Send a TCI state activation command that indicates one or more Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states to be activated, which are associated with one or more candidate cells; Send a cell handover command instructing a switchover from the serving cell to a candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells; as well as At the first time offset of receiving the TCI state activation command from the user equipment (UE), the one or more TCI states are applied to communications via the candidate cell.

21. The network node of claim 20, wherein the offset is based at least in part on one or more of the following: Has the UE previously identified the candidate cell? Has the UE previously identified the TCI status, or The activated TCI state is either the DL TCI state, the UL TCI state, or a combined TCI state.

22. The network node of claim 20, wherein, in order to send the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: Send the TCI status activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, or The TCI status activation command is sent in a separate message from the cell handover command.

23. The network node of claim 22, wherein, in order to send the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: send the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and The TCI state activation command precedes the cell handover command by a certain amount of time resources.

24. The network node of claim 22, wherein, in order to send the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: send the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and The cell handover command indicates a TCI state selected from the TCI state activated in the TCI state activation command.

25. The network node of claim 22, wherein, in order to send the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: send the TCI state activation command in a message separate from the cell handover command, and The first time is the third time offset from when the cell handover command is received from the UE.

26. The network node of claim 22, wherein, in order to send the TCI state activation command, the one or more processors are configured to: send the TCI state activation command in the same message as the cell handover command, and The TCI status indication in the cell handover command includes the TCI status activation command.

27. The network node of claim 20, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is based at least in part on one or more of the following: The threshold is satisfied. The offset used to send confirmation of the cell handover command and the processing time for applying the cell handover command. Search for the time amount of the cell indicated in the cell handover command. Refine the timing of the received beam in the candidate cells, or The one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or combined TCI states.

28. The network node of claim 27, wherein the time amount for refining the received beam in the candidate cells is based at least in part on one or more of the following: The periodicity of the synchronization signal block (SSB) of the candidate cell, Configure the SSB measurement timing period. The periodicity of the SSB of the serving cell, or Periodicity of measurement gap patterns associated with SSB resources in the frequency interlayer.

29. The network node of claim 27, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states. One or more of these TCI states are downlink TCI states or joint TCI states, and The length of the offset is at least partially based on the third time when the UE receives the first SSB associated with the one or more TCI states.

30. The network node of claim 27, wherein the length of the offset from the first time to the second time is at least partially based on whether the one or more TCI states to be activated are downlink TCI states, uplink TCI states, or joint TCI states. One or more of these TCI states are uplink TCI states or joint TCI states associated with the new path loss reference signal, and The length of the offset is at least partially based on a third time associated with the sustaining path loss reference signal.

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