Protective agent for preventing pesticide poisoning of bees and application of protective agent in scientific use of pesticides

Abstract

The invention provides a protective agent for preventing pesticide poisoning of bees and application of the protective agent in scientific use of pesticides, and belongs to the field of scientific use of pesticides. The protective agent comprises a core component, an organic solvent, an emulsifier, a dispersant and an antioxidant, wherein the core component comprises one or more of an aromatic ketone compound, an alicyclic ketone compound and a fatty straight-chain ketone compound. The protective agent can regulate and control behaviors of bees, interfere smell of collection bees in a pesticide exposure scene, repel flower visiting behaviors of the bees, reduce the pesticide exposure level of the collection bees, and further reduce contact between bee colonies and pesticides. The protective agent can be used as a pesticide partner and can be directly mixed with an existing pesticide product, a core component of the protective agent can be added as an active component during production of a pesticide preparation, and by preventing bees from leaving a pesticide application site and avoiding poisoning, scientific use of the pesticide is facilitated, toxicity to non-target biological bees is prevented, healthy breeding of the bees is facilitated, and the protective agent has a wide application prospect. And poisoning caused by unscientific use of pesticides is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of scientific use of pesticides, and in particular relates to a protective agent for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees and its application in the scientific use of pesticides. Background Technology

[0002] Honeybees, as vital pollinating insects in the ecosystem, play an irreplaceable role in promoting plant reproduction and gene exchange, maintaining ecological balance, and supporting biodiversity. Globally, over 90 of the 107 major crops directly related to food rely on pollination by bees and other insects. Bee pollination alone contributes over $150 billion annually to crop yields, and in my country, it drives over 300 billion yuan in increased income from agricultural and forestry products. In the rapid development of modern agriculture, pesticides have become a key means of controlling agricultural and forestry pests and diseases, leading to a high degree of reliance on them. However, this practice can cause acute and chronic poisoning of non-target organisms like honeybees, resulting in a crisis of drastic decline in honeybee populations in some regions, a phenomenon that has drawn significant global attention.

[0003] Agricultural ecosystems are extremely fragile, and many agricultural production activities rely heavily on pesticides for protection. Despite our best efforts to select pesticides that are more friendly to humans and the environment, the fact that bees are insects makes it difficult to effectively reduce the harm caused by pesticides. On the one hand, existing control methods cannot effectively prevent bees from coming into contact with pesticides, resulting in frequent exposure to pesticide environments during foraging, severely impacting their survival and reproduction. On the other hand, the decline in bee populations not only has a direct negative impact on agricultural production but may also trigger a chain reaction in the ecosystem, disrupting the ecological balance.

[0004] In recent years, acute bee poisoning incidents caused by pesticide spraying during the flowering period of nectar-producing plants have occurred frequently. In many areas of the Yangtze River basin, such as Hubei and Anhui, the spraying of neonicotinoid pesticides such as imidacloprid during the rapeseed flowering period has led to the death of large numbers of bee colonies, with single incidents resulting in the loss of over 100 hives. In orchards in Shaanxi and Shandong, the application of pyrethroid pesticides during the peak flowering period of apple and pear trees has caused large-scale acute bee poisoning, posing a serious threat to beekeeping and ecological security. Statistics show that hundreds of thousands of bee colonies die annually from pesticide poisoning, resulting in direct economic losses exceeding 100 million yuan and a 15%-30% decrease in crop pollination rates, indirectly affecting agricultural yields. Therefore, to prevent bee poisoning from pesticides, a new protective agent is needed to reduce the pesticide exposure levels of foraging bees, thereby reducing the contact between bee colonies and pesticides. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a protective agent for bees against pesticide poisoning and its application in the scientific use of pesticides. In pesticide exposure scenarios, by repelling bees, it reduces the mortality rate of foraging bees due to acute pesticide poisoning, thereby reducing the pesticide exposure levels of foraging bees and bee colonies. As a bee protection agent, it can be mixed with pesticide formulations as a pesticide companion during pesticide application, reducing the risk of foraging bees coming into contact with pesticides, reducing pesticide residues in bee products, and contributing to the sustainable development of beekeeping.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a core component of a protectant to prevent pesticide poisoning in bees, wherein the core component of the protectant includes one or more of aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones;

[0008] The aromatic ketone compounds include one or more of acetophenone, p-methoxyacetophenone, m-chloroacetophenone, cyclopropylphenyl ketone, 1-phenyl-1-butanone, 1-phenyl-3-hexanone, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, and 2-acetylfuran; when there are multiple aromatic ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions.

[0009] The alicyclic ketone compounds include one or more of menthone, cyclooctone, cyclopentanone, cycloheptanone, 1-methylcyclohexanone, dihydrocarvone, 1,4-cyclohexanedione, and 2-cyclohexen-1-one; when there are multiple alicyclic ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions.

[0010] The aliphatic linear ketone compounds include one or more of the following: pseudoionone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, geranylacetone, 3-octanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, isophorone, acetylacetone, and trifluoroacetylacetone; when there are multiple aliphatic linear ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions.

[0011] When the aromatic ketone compound and the alicyclic ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketone compound to the alicyclic ketone compound is 0.5 to 4:2;

[0012] When the aromatic ketone compound and the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketone compound to the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound is 0.5 to 4:1;

[0013] When the alicyclic ketone compound and the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the alicyclic ketone compound to the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound is 2:1;

[0014] When the aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones is 0.5 to 4:2:1.

[0015] The present invention also provides a protective agent to prevent pesticide poisoning in bees, comprising the following components: 20-30% of the core component of the protective agent, 46-56% of organic solvent, 12-17% of emulsifier, 0.1-6% of dispersant and 0.1-1% of antioxidant.

[0016] Preferably, the organic solvent includes one or more of traditional aromatic solvents and environmentally friendly alternative solvents. The traditional aromatic solvents include xylene and toluene, and the environmentally friendly alternative solvents include vegetable oils and their derivatives, alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, and special synthetic solvents.

[0017] The vegetable oils and their derivatives include soybean oil, rapeseed oil, methylated vegetable oils, and epoxidized vegetable oils.

[0018] The alcohol solvents include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, octanol, isooctanol, decanol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, and propylene glycol methyl ether.

[0019] The ketone solvents include cyclohexanone, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, and butanone.

[0020] The ester solvents include sec-butyl acetate, butyl acetate, and γ-butyrolactone.

[0021] The aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents include n-heptane, n-octane, isoalkanes, and mineral oil.

[0022] The special synthetic solvents include dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl carbonate.

[0023] Preferably, the emulsifier includes nonionic emulsifiers, anionic emulsifiers, compound emulsifiers, and special functional emulsifiers.

[0024] The nonionic emulsifiers include fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, sorbitan esters and their ethoxylated derivatives, block polyethers, and vegetable oil ethoxylated derivatives. The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers include lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, and C12-14 alcohol ethers. The alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers include nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers and octylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers. The fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters include oleic acid polyoxyethylene esters and stearic acid polyoxyethylene esters. The sorbitan esters and their ethoxylated derivatives include sorbitan monooleate, monostearate, and polyoxyethylene etherified Span. The block polyethers include polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers. The vegetable oil ethoxylated derivatives include castor oil polyoxyethylene ethers and rapeseed oil ethoxylated derivatives.

[0025] The anionic emulsifier includes alkylbenzene sulfonates, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates, phosphate esters, and sulfosuccinates. The alkylbenzene sulfonates include calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates include sodium lauryl ether sulfate and ammonium salts. The phosphate esters include fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates and alkyl phosphate salts. The sulfosuccinates include sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and disodium lauryl ether sulfosuccinate.

[0026] The compound emulsifier includes nonionic emulsifiers and anionic emulsifiers, with a mass ratio of nonionic emulsifier to anionic emulsifier of 1 to 5:1. Specifically, the nonionic and anionic emulsifiers include fatty acid methyl ester solvents and fatty alcohol ethers with sulfonates, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and styrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and triphenylethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether.

[0027] The special functional emulsifiers include polysaccharide-modified emulsifiers, Gemini-type emulsifiers, and reactive emulsifiers.

[0028] Preferably, the dispersant includes anionic dispersants, nonionic dispersants, polymeric dispersants, special dispersants, and compound dispersants.

[0029] The anionic dispersant includes sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate.

[0030] The nonionic dispersant includes polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer and alkyl polysaccharide glycoside.

[0031] The polymeric dispersant includes polycarboxylic acid ether copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, and comb-shaped polyelectrolytes.

[0032] The special dispersant includes polyether-modified trisiloxane and polyether phosphate. The compound dispersant is made by compounding anionic surfactant with polymer or nonionic surfactant with steric hindrance. The mass ratio of anionic surfactant to polymer is 5-7:3-5, and the mass ratio of nonionic surfactant to steric hindrance is 3-5:5-7. The anionic surfactant plus polymer or nonionic surfactant plus steric hindrance specifically includes polycarboxylate and lignin sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate condensate and polycarboxylate, block polyether and phosphate salt.

[0033] Preferably, the antioxidant includes butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, dilauryl thiodipropionate, and distearate thiodipropionate.

[0034] Preferably, the protective agent is in the form of an emulsifiable concentrate.

[0035] The present invention also provides the application of the core component of the protectant or the protectant in preventing pesticide poisoning in bees. The core component of the protectant is added directly to the formulation as an active ingredient during the production of pesticide formulations to make the finished product. When the protectant is used, it is mixed with the existing pesticide formulation at the application site to form an application solution.

[0036] Preferably, the amount of the core component of the protectant used is 0.05-15 g / mu; when the protectant is an emulsifiable concentrate, the amount of the protectant used is 0.16-75 g / mu.

[0037] The pesticides include neonicotinoid insecticides and pyrethroid insecticides. The neonicotinoid insecticides include imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and thiamethoxam. The pyrethroid insecticides include lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, and cypermethrin.

[0038] The pesticides also include chemical agents used on nectar-producing plants to control pests and diseases, and commonly used chemical agents used on nectar-producing plants to control pests and diseases include abamectin, chlorothalonil, and carbendazim.

[0039] Preferably, the bee species include Italian honeybee, Chinese honeybee, Northeast black bee, and Carniolan bee.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The protective agent of this invention can regulate bee behavior and, in pesticide exposure scenarios, can deter foraging bees from visiting flowers, reduce the pesticide exposure level of foraging bees, and thus reduce the contact between bee colonies and pesticides.

[0042] The bee protectant of this invention can be used as a pesticide companion, directly mixed with existing pesticide products. Its core components can also be added directly as active ingredients during pesticide formulation production to repel bees from the application site and prevent poisoning. On the one hand, it helps the scientific use of pesticides and prevents toxicity to non-target organisms such as bees. On the other hand, it is beneficial to the healthy breeding of bees and prevents poisoning caused by the unscientific use of pesticides.

[0043] The protective agent of this invention requires a small amount and is low in cost. It can protect bees while controlling pests and diseases, which is conducive to the sustainable development of green pest control. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 A diagram showing the setup of a non-selective experiment (green squares represent beehives, and yellow circles represent treatment groups);

[0045] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the setup of a selective experiment (green squares represent beehives, yellow circles represent treatment groups, and gray circles represent control groups). Detailed Implementation

[0046] This invention provides a core component of a protectant to prevent pesticide poisoning in bees, the core component of which includes one or more of the following: aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones;

[0047] The aromatic ketone compounds include one or more of acetophenone, p-methoxyacetophenone, m-chloroacetophenone, cyclopropylphenyl ketone, 1-phenyl-1-butanone, 1-phenyl-3-hexanone, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, and 2-acetylfuran; when there are multiple aromatic ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions.

[0048] The alicyclic ketone compounds include one or more of menthone, cyclooctone, cyclopentanone, cycloheptanone, 1-methylcyclohexanone, dihydrocarvone, 1,4-cyclohexanedione, and 2-cyclohexen-1-one; when there are multiple alicyclic ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions.

[0049] The aliphatic linear ketone compounds include one or more of the following: pseudoionone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, geranylacetone, 3-octanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, isophorone, acetylacetone, and trifluoroacetylacetone; when there are multiple aliphatic linear ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions.

[0050] When the aromatic ketone compound and the alicyclic ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketone compound to the alicyclic ketone compound is preferably 0.5 to 4:2, and more preferably 1 to 3:2;

[0051] When the aromatic ketone compound and the aliphatic linear ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketone compound to the aliphatic linear ketone compound is preferably 0.5 to 4:1, and more preferably 1 to 3:1;

[0052] When the alicyclic ketone compound and the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the alicyclic ketone compound to the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound is 2:1;

[0053] When the aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones is preferably 0.5 to 4:2:1, and more preferably 1 to 3:2:1.

[0054] The present invention also provides a protective agent to prevent pesticide poisoning in bees, comprising the following components: 20-30% of the core component of the protective agent, 46-56% of organic solvent, 12-17% of emulsifier, 0.1-6% of dispersant and 0.1-1% of antioxidant.

[0055] In this invention, the protective agent is in the form of an emulsifiable concentrate. The organic solvents include one or more of traditional aromatic solvents and environmentally friendly alternative solvents. The traditional aromatic solvents include xylene and toluene. The environmentally friendly alternative solvents include vegetable oils and their derivatives, alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, and special synthetic solvents. The vegetable oils and their derivatives include soybean oil, rapeseed oil, methylated vegetable oil, and epoxidized vegetable oil. The alcohol solvents include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, octanol, isooctanol, decanol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, and propylene glycol methyl ether. The ketone solvents include cyclohexanone, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, and butanone. Here, the ketone solvents are mainly used as organic solvents in the formulation, and their functions are different from those of alicyclic ketone compounds that are active components. The ester solvents include sec-butyl acetate, butyl acetate, and γ-butyrolactone. The aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents include n-heptane, n-octane, isoalkanes, and mineral oil. The special synthetic solvents include dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl carbonate.The emulsifiers include nonionic emulsifiers, anionic emulsifiers, compound emulsifiers, and special functional emulsifiers. The nonionic emulsifiers include fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, sorbitan esters and their ethoxylated derivatives, block polyethers, and vegetable oil ethoxylated derivatives. The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers include lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, and C12-14 alcohol ethers. The alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers include nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers and octylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers. The ethylene oxide ethers, wherein the fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters include oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester and stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, the dehydrated sorbitan esters and their ethoxylated derivatives include sorbitan monooleate, monostearate, and polyoxyethylene etherified Span, the block polyethers include polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers, the vegetable oil ethoxylated derivatives include castor oil polyoxyethylene ether and rapeseed oil ethoxylated derivatives, and the anionic emulsifiers include alkylbenzene sulfonates, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates, phosphate esters, and sulfosuccinic acid. The salts, wherein the alkylbenzene sulfonates include calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates include sodium lauryl ether sulfate and ammonium salts, the phosphate esters include fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates and alkyl phosphate salts, the sulfosuccinates include sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and disodium lauryl ether sulfosuccinate, and the compound emulsifiers include nonionic emulsifiers and anionic emulsifiers, wherein the preferred mass ratio of the nonionic emulsifier to the anionic emulsifier is 1:1. The ratio is approximately 5:1, more preferably 2 to 4:1, and even more preferably 3:1; the nonionic and anionic emulsifiers specifically include fatty acid methyl ester solvents and fatty alcohol ethers with sulfonates, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and styrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and triphenylethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, and the special functional emulsifiers include polysaccharide-modified emulsifiers, Gemini-type emulsifiers, and reactive emulsifiers.The dispersant includes anionic dispersants, nonionic dispersants, polymeric dispersants, specialty dispersants, and compound dispersants. The anionic dispersants include sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate. The nonionic dispersants include polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers and alkyl polyglycosides. The polymeric dispersants include polycarboxylic acid ether copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, and comb-shaped polyelectrolytes. The specialty dispersants include polyether-modified dispersants. The compound dispersant, consisting of trisiloxane and polyether phosphate, is an anionic surfactant plus a polymer or a nonionic surfactant plus a steric hindrance. The preferred mass ratio of the anionic surfactant to the polymer is 5–7:3–5, more preferably 6:4; the preferred mass ratio of the nonionic surfactant to the steric hindrance is 3–5:5–7, more preferably 4:6. Specifically, the anionic surfactant plus polymer or the nonionic surfactant plus steric hindrance includes polycarboxylates and lignin sulfonates, naphthalene sulfonate condensates and polycarboxylates, block polyethers and phosphate salts. The antioxidant includes butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, dilauryl thiodipropionate, and distearate thiodipropionate.

[0056] The present invention also provides the application of the core component of the protectant or the protectant in preventing pesticide poisoning in bees. The core component of the protectant is added directly to the formulation as an active ingredient during the production of pesticide formulations to make the finished product. When the protectant is used, it is mixed with the existing pesticide formulation at the application site to form an application solution.

[0057] In this invention, the preferred dosage of the core component of the protective agent is 0.05–15 g / mu, more preferably 1–10 g / mu; when the protective agent is an emulsifiable concentrate, the preferred dosage is 0.16–75 g / mu, more preferably 3.3–50 g / mu, and even more preferably 4 g / mu; the pesticide includes neonicotinoid insecticides and pyrethroid insecticides, the neonicotinoid insecticides include imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and thiamethoxam, the pyrethroid insecticides include lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, and cypermethrin; the pesticide also includes chemical agents for controlling pests and diseases on nectar-producing plants, the commonly used chemical agents for controlling pests and diseases on nectar-producing plants include abamectin, chlorothalonil, and carbendazim. The bee species include Italian honeybee, Chinese honeybee, Northeast black bee, and Carniolan bee.

[0058] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The specifications and manufacturer information of the compounds used in this invention are shown in Table 1:

[0060] Table 1 Specifications and manufacturer information for different compounds

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Example 1

[0064] A protective agent for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees, core component 1, is composed of the following ingredients: acetophenone, p-methoxyacetophenone, m-chloroacetophenone, cyclopropylphenyl ketone, 1-phenyl-1-butanone, 1-phenyl-3-hexanone, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, and 2-acetylfuran, wherein the mass ratio of the ingredients is 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] A protective agent core component 2 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees is composed of the following ingredients: menthone, cyclooctanone, cyclopentanone, cycloheptanone, 1-methylcyclohexanone, dihydrocarvone, 1,4-cyclohexanedione and 2-cyclohexen-1-one, wherein the mass ratio of the ingredients is 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] A protective agent core component 3 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees is composed of the following ingredients: pseudoionone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, geranylacetone, 3-octanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, isophorone, acetylacetone, and trifluoroacetylacetone, wherein the mass ratio of the ingredients is 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] A protective agent core component 4 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees is composed of the following components: protective agent core component 1 of Example 1, protective agent core component 2 of Example 2 and protective agent core component 3 of Example 3, wherein the mass ratio of core component 1, core component 2 and core component 3 is 3:2:1.

[0071] Example 5

[0072] A protective agent core component 5 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees is composed of the following components: protective agent core component 1 of Example 1, protective agent core component 2 of Example 2 and protective agent core component 3 of Example 3, wherein the mass ratio of core component 1, core component 2 and core component 3 is 0.5:2:1.

[0073] Example 6

[0074] A protective agent core component 6 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees is composed of the following components: protective agent core component 1 of Example 1, protective agent core component 2 of Example 2 and protective agent core component 3 of Example 3, wherein the mass ratio of core component 1, core component 2 and core component 3 is 4:2:1.

[0075] Example 7

[0076] A protective agent 1 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees, the composition of which is shown in Table 2:

[0077] Table 2 Composition of Protective Agent 1

[0078] Components Proportion(%) Function Description Core component 1 of the protective agent in Example 1 25 Active ingredients Cyclohexanone 40 Main solvent, high solubility dimethyl carbonate 15 Environmentally friendly solvents reduce VOC emissions Agricultural Milk 600# 12 Nonionic emulsifiers Agricultural Milk 500# 4 Anionic emulsifiers provide synergistic stabilization. Sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate 3.8 Anionic dispersants increase stability. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) 0.2 antioxidants

[0079] Its preparation method is as follows:

[0080] (1) Raw material pretreatment

[0081] Core components of the protective agent: purity must be tested (≥95%, HPLC). If it contains moisture, it must be dehydrated to ≤0.2% using a molecular sieve (3A).

[0082] Solvent: Cyclohexanone and dimethyl carbonate are mixed and then decolorized by passing through an activated carbon column (5% w / w) to remove impurities.

[0083] Emulsifier: Premix agricultural emulsion 600# and agricultural emulsion 500# in a certain ratio, and preheat at 60℃ to reduce viscosity.

[0084] (2) Dissolving and mixing

[0085] Feeding to the main dissolving tank:

[0086] Add cyclohexanone (40%) and dimethyl carbonate (15%) in sequence, and stir (300 rpm).

[0087] Slowly add the core component 1 (25%) of the protective agent, heat to 40°C, and stir until completely transparent (30 min).

[0088] Adding the dispersant: Slowly and evenly sprinkle in sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate (3.8%) while continuously stirring. After addition, appropriately increase the stirring speed (400 rpm) and maintain 40°C, stirring for 20 minutes to ensure the dispersant is fully dissolved and dispersed.

[0089] Emulsifier addition: Add the premixed mixture of agricultural emulsion 600# (12%) and agricultural emulsion 500# (4%) to the dissolving tank and stir at 40°C for 20 minutes.

[0090] Add BHT (0.2%) and continue stirring for 10 minutes.

[0091] (3) Homogenization and Filtration

[0092] Homogenization: Ensure system homogeneity by using a high-shear homogenizer (5000 rpm, 5 min).

[0093] Filtration: Use a 5μm pore size filter cartridge (polypropylene material) for pressure filtration to remove undissolved particles, and finally store in a light-proof and airtight container.

[0094] Example 8

[0095] A protective agent 2 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees differs from Example 7 in that the core component of the protective agent is the core component 2 of the protective agent in Example 2.

[0096] Example 9

[0097] A protective agent 3 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees differs from Example 7 in that the core component of the protective agent is the core component 3 of the protective agent in Example 3.

[0098] Example 10

[0099] A protective agent 4 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees differs from that in Example 7 in that the core component of the protective agent is the core component 4 of the protective agent in Example 4.

[0100] Example 11

[0101] A protective agent 5 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees differs from that in Example 7 in that the core component of the protective agent is the core component 5 of the protective agent in Example 5.

[0102] Example 12

[0103] A protectant 6 for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees differs from that in Example 7 in that the core component of the protectant is the same as the core component 6 of the protectant in Example 6.

[0104] Example 13

[0105] The solvent control group for the core component of the protective agent is cyclohexanone.

[0106] Experimental Example 1

[0107] Non-selective experiment

[0108] The setup of a non-selective experiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the experiment was conducted in batches.

[0109] Greenhouses: Each with an equal area (50m*10m) and good ventilation;

[0110] First batch:

[0111] Shelf 1: The treatment group was honey water, serving as a negative control.

[0112] Shelf 2: The treatment group consisted of honey water and thiamethoxam, serving as a positive control.

[0113] Section 3: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + cyclohexanone from Example 13, serving as the solvent control group.

[0114] Section 4: The treatment group consists of honey water + thiamethoxam + the protective agent core component 1 from Example 1.

[0115] Section 5: The treatment group consists of honey water + thiamethoxam + the protective agent core component 2 from Example 2.

[0116] Shelf 6: The treatment group consists of honey water + thiamethoxam + the protective agent core component 3 from Example 3.

[0117] Shelf 7: The treatment group consists of honey water + thiamethoxam + the protective agent core component 4 from Example 4.

[0118] Section 8: The treatment group consists of honey water + thiamethoxam + the protective agent core component 5 from Example 5.

[0119] Shelf 9: The treatment group consists of honey water + thiamethoxam + the protective agent core component 6 from Example 6.

[0120] Second batch:

[0121] Shelf 1: Treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 1 from Example 7.

[0122] Shelf 2: Treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 2 from Example 8.

[0123] Section 3: Treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 3 from Example 9.

[0124] Section 4: Treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 4 from Example 10.

[0125] Section 5: Treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 5 from Example 11.

[0126] Section 6: The treatment group consists of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 6 from Example 12.

[0127] Bee colonies: Place two bee colonies of the same size (6 frames) in each shed;

[0128] Honey water: Each basin contains 1.5L of 45% honey syrup, 3 sets repeated, with a spacing of 10 meters;

[0129] Thiamethoxam: Administer 0.5 times the recommended dose of the formulation, adding 0.15g of 25% thiamethoxam formulation to every 1.5L of honey water;

[0130] Solvent control group of Example 13: 2.5 mL of cyclohexanone was sprayed around a single basin of honey water;

[0131] The core component 1 of the protectant in Example 1: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 1 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0132] The core component 2 of the protectant in Example 2: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 2 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0133] The core component 3 of the protectant in Example 3: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 3 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0134] The core component 4 of the protectant in Example 4: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 4 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0135] The protective agent core component 5 in Example 5: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of protective agent core component 5 around a single pot of honey water;

[0136] Example 6 Protective agent core component 6: Apply at 1g / mu, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of protective agent core component 6 around each honey water basin (the greenhouse is 0.75 mu, so the actual use is 0.75g of protective agent core component, 0.25g around each of the 3 honey water basins).

[0137] Protectant 1 in Example 7: Apply at 4g / acre. Dissolve protectant 1 in 20mL of water and spray 1g of protectant 1 around each pot of honey water.

[0138] Protectant 2 in Example 8: Apply at 4g / acre. Dissolve protectant 2 in 20mL of water and spray 1g of protectant 2 around each pot of honey water.

[0139] Protectant 3 in Example 9: Apply at 4g / acre. Dissolve protectant 3 in 20mL of water and spray 1g of protectant 3 around each pot of honey water.

[0140] Protectant 4 in Example 10: Apply at 4g / acre. Dissolve protectant 4 in 20mL of water and spray 1g of protectant 4 around each pot of honey water.

[0141] Protectant 5 in Example 11: Apply at 4g / acre, dissolve protectant 5 in 20mL of water, and spray 1g of protectant 5 around each pot of honey water;

[0142] Protectant 6 in Example 12: Apply at 4g / mu. Dissolve protectant 6 in 20mL of water and spray 1g of protectant 6 around each honey water basin (the shed is 0.75 mu, so 3g of protectant was actually used, 1g around each of the 3 honey water basins); count all dead bees in the shed within 72 hours: inside the hive, at the hive entrance and on the ground inside the shed.

[0143] Experimental results: As shown in Table 3, the protection effect = (number of dead bees in the control group - number of dead bees in the treatment group) / number of dead bees in the control group * 100%.

[0144] Table 3. Total number of bee deaths in different treatment groups during the non-selective experiment.

[0145]

[0146] As shown in Table 3, in the non-selective experiment, when foraging bees collected honey water containing thiamethoxam, it led to the death of many bees in the colony. The weak protective effect of the solvent control group (cyclohexanone) was due to experimental error and had no actual protective effect on bees, proving that cyclohexanone itself does not have a significant bee-repelling effect. The application of the same type of single-component protective agent core component 1, protective agent core component 2 and protective agent core component 3 all had a significant protective effect on bees. When the application of different types of mixed protective agent core components 4, protective agent core components 5 and protective agent core components 6 was used, the protective effect was higher than that of the same type of single-component mixed protective agent.

[0147] When the core component of the protectant is formulated into an emulsifiable concentrate with organic solvents, emulsifiers, and dispersants, the protectant is more effective in protecting bees than when the core component is applied alone. Protectants 4, 5, and 6, which are based on core components of different types of mixed components, are more effective in protecting bees than protectants 1, 2, and 3, which are based on the same type of single-component core component.

[0148] Experiment Example 2

[0149] Selective experiment

[0150] The setup of selective experiments is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the experiment was conducted in batches.

[0151] Greenhouses: Each with an equal area (50m*10m) and good ventilation;

[0152] First batch:

[0153] Shelf 1: Treatment group received honey water + thiamethoxam, control group received only honey water.

[0154] Shelf 2: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 1 of the protective agent from Example 1; the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0155] Section 3: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 2 of the protective agent from Example 2; the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0156] Section 4: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 3 of the protective agent from Example 3; the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0157] Section 5: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 4 of the protective agent from Example 4; the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0158] Section 6: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 5 of the protective agent from Example 5; the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0159] Section 7: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 6 of the protective agent from Example 6, while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0160] Second batch:

[0161] Section 1: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 1 from Example 7, while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0162] Section 2: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 2 from Example 8, while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0163] Section 3: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 3 from Example 9, while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0164] Section 4: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 4 from Example 10; the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0165] Section 5: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 5 from Example 11, while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0166] Section 6: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + protectant 6 from Example 12, while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0167] Bee colonies: Place two bee colonies of the same size (6 frames) in each shed;

[0168] Honey water: Each basin contains 1.5L of 45% honey syrup, 3 sets repeated, with a spacing of 10 meters;

[0169] Thiamethoxam: Administer at 1 times the recommended dose, adding 0.15g of 25% thiamethoxam formulation to every 1.5L of honey water;

[0170] The core component 1 of the protectant in Example 1: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 1 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0171] The core component 2 of the protectant in Example 2: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 2 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0172] The core component 3 of the protectant in Example 3: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 3 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0173] The core component 4 of the protectant in Example 4: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 4 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0174] The core component 5 of the protectant in Example 5: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of the core component 5 of the protectant around a single pot of honey water;

[0175] Example 6: Protective agent core component 6: Apply at 1g / acre, dissolve the stock solution in 10mL of cyclohexanone solvent, and spray 0.25g of protective agent core component 6 around each honey water basin (the greenhouse is 0.75 acres, so the actual use is 0.75g of protective agent core component, 0.25g around each of the 3 honey water basins).

[0176] Protectant 1 in Example 7: Apply at 4g / acre, dissolve the adjuvant in 20mL of water, and spray 1g of protectant 1 around each pot of honey water;

[0177] Protective agent 2 in Example 8: Apply at 4g / acre, dissolve the adjuvant in 20mL of water, and spray 1g of protective agent 2 around each pot of honey water;

[0178] Protective agent 3 in Example 9: Apply at 4g / mu, dissolve the adjuvant in 20mL of water, and spray 1g of protective agent 3 around a single pot of honey water;

[0179] Protectant 4 in Example 10: Apply at 4g / acre, dissolve the adjuvant in 20mL of water, and spray 1g of protectant 4 around each pot of honey water;

[0180] Protectant 5 in Example 11: Apply at 4g / acre, dissolve the adjuvant in 20mL of water, and spray 1g of protectant 5 around each pot of honey water;

[0181] Protectant 6 in Example 12: Apply at 4g / mu, dissolve the adjuvant in 20mL of water, and spray 1g of protectant 6 around each honey water basin (the greenhouse is 0.75 mu, so 3g of protectant is actually used, 1g around each of the 3 honey water basins).

[0182] The statistics include all dead bees found inside the hives, at the hive entrance, and on the floor of the shed within 72 hours.

[0183] Experimental results are shown in Table 4.

[0184] Table 4. Total number of bee deaths in different greenhouses during the selective experiment.

[0185]

[0186]

[0187] As shown in Table 4, in the selection experiment, when foraging bees collected honey water containing thiamethoxam, it led to the death of many bees in the colony. The application of the same type of single-component protectant core component 1, protectant core component 2 and protectant core component 3 all had a significant protective effect on bees. When different types of mixed-component protectant core components 4, protectant core components 5 and protectant core components 6 were applied, the protective effect was higher than that of the same type of single-component protectant core components.

[0188] When the core component of the protectant is formulated into an emulsifiable concentrate with organic solvents, emulsifiers, and dispersants, the protectant provides greater protection to bees than when the core component is applied alone. Protectants 4, 5, and 6, which are based on core components of different types of mixed components, provide greater protection to bees than protectants 1, 2, and 3, which are based on the same type of single-component core component.

[0189] Experimental Example 3

[0190] The protective effect of different application rates of the core components of the protectant on foraging bees

[0191] The protective effect of the protectant was verified through selective experiments. The experiments were conducted in batches, with settings such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0192] First batch:

[0193] Greenhouse 1: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 1 of the protective agent from Example 1 (0.1 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0194] Greenhouse 2: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 1 of the protective agent from Example 1 (1 g / acre), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0195] Greenhouse 3: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 1 of the protective agent from Example 1 (10 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0196] Greenhouse 4: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 2 of the protective agent from Example 2 (0.1 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0197] Greenhouse 5: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 2 of the protective agent from Example 2 (1 g / acre), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0198] Shed 6: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 2 of the protective agent from Example 2 (10g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0199] Second batch:

[0200] Greenhouse 1: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 3 of the protective agent from Example 3 (0.1 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0201] Greenhouse 2: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 3 of the protective agent from Example 3 (1 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0202] Greenhouse 3: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 3 of the protective agent from Example 3 (10 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0203] Greenhouse 4: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 4 of the protective agent from Example 4 (0.1 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0204] Greenhouse 5: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 4 of the protective agent from Example 4 (1 g / acre), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0205] Shed 6: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 4 of the protective agent from Example 4 (10g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0206] Third batch:

[0207] Greenhouse 1: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 5 of the protectant from Example 5 (0.1 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0208] Greenhouse 2: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + core component 5 of the protective agent from Example 5 (1 g / acre), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0209] Greenhouse 3: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 5 of the protective agent from Example 5 (10g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0210] Greenhouse 4: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 6 of the protective agent from Example 6 (0.1 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0211] Shed 5: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 6 of the protective agent from Example 6 (1g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0212] Greenhouse 6: The treatment group consisted of honey water + thiamethoxam + the core component 6 of the protective agent from Example 6 (10g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water + cyclohexanone.

[0213] Experimental results are shown in Table 5.

[0214] The statistics include all dead bees found inside the hives, at the hive entrance, and on the floor of the shed within 72 hours.

[0215] Table 5. The protective effect of different application rates of the core components of bee protectants on foraging bees.

[0216]

[0217]

[0218] As shown in Table 5, when the same type of single-component protectant core component was applied at 0.1 g / mu, 1 g / mu, and 10 g / mu, protectant core component 1, protectant core component 2, and protectant core component 3 all had a certain protective effect on bee foraging behavior. When different types of mixed-component protectant core components 4, 5, and 6 were applied at 0.1 g / mu, 1 g / mu, and 10 g / mu, the protective effect was higher than that of the same type of single-component protectant core component.

[0219] Experiment Example 4

[0220] The impact of the core components of the protectant on foraging bees in pesticide-free scenarios

[0221] Selective experiments were conducted to test the effects of different core components of protective agents on foraging bees, setting up, for example... Figure 2 As shown.

[0222] Greenhouse 1: The treatment group consisted of honey water plus the core component 1 of the protective agent from Example 1 (10 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water plus cyclohexanone.

[0223] Greenhouse 2: The treatment group consisted of honey water plus the core component 2 of the protective agent from Example 2 (10 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water plus cyclohexanone.

[0224] Greenhouse 3: The treatment group consisted of honey water plus the core component 3 of the protective agent from Example 3 (10 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water plus cyclohexanone.

[0225] Greenhouse 4: The treatment group consisted of honey water plus the core component 4 of the protective agent from Example 4 (10 g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water plus cyclohexanone.

[0226] Greenhouse 5: The treatment group consisted of honey water plus the core component 5 of the protective agent from Example 5 (10g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water plus cyclohexanone.

[0227] Greenhouse 6: The treatment group consisted of honey water plus the core component 6 of the protective agent from Example 6 (10g / mu), while the control group consisted of honey water plus cyclohexanone.

[0228] The statistics include all dead bees found inside the hives, at the hive entrance, and on the floor of the shed within 72 hours.

[0229] Experimental results are shown in Table 6.

[0230] Table 6. Total number of bee deaths in different greenhouses under pesticide-free scenarios.

[0231] shed Indoor processing Total number of dead bees / birds 1 Protective agent core component 1 17 2 Protective agent core component 2 32 3 Protective agent core component 3 28 4 Protective agent core component 4 19 5 Protective agent core component 5 24 6 Protective agent core component 6 31

[0232] As shown in Table 6, in pesticide-free scenarios, the number of bee deaths was low when high doses of the core component of the protectant were used alone in different greenhouses, indicating that the core component of the protectant itself is non-toxic to bees.

[0233] As can be seen from the above embodiments and experimental examples, the core components of the protective agent and the protective agent of the present invention can significantly reduce acute poisoning of foraging bees caused by thiamethoxam exposure.

[0234] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A core component of a protective agent for preventing pesticide poisoning in bees, characterized in that, The core components of the protective agent include one or more of aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones; The aromatic ketone compounds include one or more of acetophenone, p-methoxyacetophenone, m-chloroacetophenone, cyclopropylphenyl ketone, 1-phenyl-1-butanone, 1-phenyl-3-hexanone, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, and 2-acetylfuran; when there are multiple aromatic ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions. The alicyclic ketone compounds include one or more of menthone, cyclooctone, cyclopentanone, cycloheptanone, 1-methylcyclohexanone, dihydrocarvone, 1,4-cyclohexanedione, and 2-cyclohexen-1-one; when there are multiple alicyclic ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions. The aliphatic linear ketone compounds include one or more of the following: pseudoionone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, geranylacetone, 3-octanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, isophorone, acetylacetone, and trifluoroacetylacetone; when there are multiple aliphatic linear ketone compounds, the components are mixed in equal proportions. When the aromatic ketone compound and the alicyclic ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketone compound to the alicyclic ketone compound is 0.5 to 4:2; When the aromatic ketone compound and the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketone compound to the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound is 0.5 to 4:1; When the alicyclic ketone compound and the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound are combined, the mass ratio of the alicyclic ketone compound to the aliphatic straight-chain ketone compound is 2:1; When the aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones are combined, the mass ratio of the aromatic ketones, alicyclic ketones, and linear aliphatic ketones is 0.5 to 4:2:

1.

2. A protective agent against pesticide poisoning in bees, characterized in that, It comprises the following components: 20-30% of the protective agent core component as described in claim 1, 46-56% of organic solvent, 12-17% of emulsifier, 0.1-6% of dispersant and 0.1-1% of antioxidant.

3. The protective agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The organic solvent includes one or more of traditional aromatic solvents and environmentally friendly alternative solvents. The traditional aromatic solvents include xylene and toluene, and the environmentally friendly alternative solvents include vegetable oils and their derivatives, alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, and special synthetic solvents. The vegetable oils and their derivatives include soybean oil, rapeseed oil, methylated vegetable oils, and epoxidized vegetable oils. The alcohol solvents include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, octanol, isooctanol, decanol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, and propylene glycol methyl ether. The ketone solvents include cyclohexanone, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, and butanone. The ester solvents include sec-butyl acetate, butyl acetate, and γ-butyrolactone. The aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents include n-heptane, n-octane, isoalkanes, and mineral oil. The special synthetic solvents include dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl carbonate.

4. The protective agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The emulsifiers include nonionic emulsifiers, anionic emulsifiers, compound emulsifiers, and special functional emulsifiers. The nonionic emulsifiers include fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, sorbitan esters and their ethoxylated derivatives, block polyethers, and vegetable oil ethoxylated derivatives. The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers include lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, and C12-14 alcohol ethers. The alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers include nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers and octylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers. The fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters include oleic acid polyoxyethylene esters and stearic acid polyoxyethylene esters. The sorbitan esters and their ethoxylated derivatives include sorbitan monooleate, monostearate, and polyoxyethylene etherified Span. The block polyethers include polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers. The vegetable oil ethoxylated derivatives include castor oil polyoxyethylene ethers and rapeseed oil ethoxylated derivatives. The anionic emulsifier includes alkylbenzene sulfonates, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates, phosphate esters, and sulfosuccinates. The alkylbenzene sulfonates include calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates include sodium lauryl ether sulfate and ammonium salts. The phosphate esters include fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates and alkyl phosphate salts. The sulfosuccinates include sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and disodium lauryl ether sulfosuccinate. The compound emulsifier includes nonionic emulsifiers and anionic emulsifiers, with a mass ratio of nonionic emulsifier to anionic emulsifier of 1 to 5:

1. Specifically, the nonionic and anionic emulsifiers include fatty acid methyl ester solvents and fatty alcohol ethers with sulfonates, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and styrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and triphenylethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether. The special functional emulsifiers include polysaccharide-modified emulsifiers, Gemini-type emulsifiers, and reactive emulsifiers.

5. The protective agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dispersant includes anionic dispersants, nonionic dispersants, polymeric dispersants, special dispersants, and compound dispersants. The anionic dispersant includes sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate. The nonionic dispersant includes polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer and alkyl polysaccharide glycoside. The polymeric dispersant includes polycarboxylic acid ether copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, and comb-shaped polyelectrolytes. The special dispersant includes polyether-modified trisiloxane and polyether phosphate. The compound dispersant is made by compounding anionic surfactant with polymer or nonionic surfactant with steric hindrance. The mass ratio of anionic surfactant to polymer is 5-7:3-5, and the mass ratio of nonionic surfactant to steric hindrance is 3-5:5-7. The anionic surfactant plus polymer or nonionic surfactant plus steric hindrance specifically includes polycarboxylate and lignin sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate condensate and polycarboxylate, block polyether and phosphate salt.

6. The protective agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The antioxidants include butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), pentaerythritol tetra(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, dilauryl thiodipropionate, and distearate thiodipropionate.

7. The protective agent according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The protective agent is in the form of an emulsifiable concentrate.

8. The application of the protective agent core component according to claim 1 or the protective agent according to any one of claims 2 to 7 in preventing pesticide poisoning in bees, characterized in that, The core component of the protectant is added directly to the formulation as an active ingredient during pesticide production to form the finished product. When the protectant is used, it is mixed with the existing pesticide formulation at the application site to form an application solution.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The amount of the core component of the protectant used is 0.05–15 g / mu; when the protectant is an emulsifiable concentrate, the amount of the protectant used is 0.16–75 g / mu. The pesticides include neonicotinoid insecticides and pyrethroid insecticides. The neonicotinoid insecticides include imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and thiamethoxam. The pyrethroid insecticides include lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, and cypermethrin. The pesticides also include chemical agents used on nectar-producing plants to control pests and diseases, and commonly used chemical agents used on nectar-producing plants to control pests and diseases include abamectin, chlorothalonil, and carbendazim.

10. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bee species mentioned include Italian honeybees, Chinese honeybees, Northeast black bees, and Carniolan bees.

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