Circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide in atmosphere through mineralization reaction and control method
By using a mineralization reaction adsorption-desorption cycle device, serpentine-supported adsorbent materials are used to react with carbon dioxide to generate carbonate minerals, which solves the problems of high energy consumption and high cost of existing carbon dioxide capture technologies and achieves efficient carbon dioxide capture and recycling.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511473007.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing carbon dioxide capture technologies suffer from high energy consumption and high cost, making it difficult to achieve efficient carbon dioxide adsorption and fixation. Furthermore, traditional methods face challenges in industrial-scale applications.
A mineralization reaction adsorption-desorption cycle device is adopted, which utilizes serpentine-supported adsorbent material to generate stable carbonate minerals through the reaction of mineral materials with carbon dioxide. Combined with devices such as a mixed flow fan, calciner, and gas-liquid separator, carbon dioxide is effectively captured and regenerated.
Based on low investment and low energy consumption, it achieves efficient adsorption and fixation of carbon dioxide, reduces operating costs, and improves the utilization efficiency of adsorption materials through recycling, thus possessing commercial potential and environmental benefits.
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Figure CN120939726A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of carbon neutrality geological engineering technology, and in particular to a circulating device and control method for adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through mineralization reaction. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of global industrialization, emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide have increased dramatically, leading to a year-on-year rise in global temperatures and making climate change an increasingly serious problem. Carbon dioxide, as one of the major greenhouse gases, has become a primary driver of global warming; therefore, controlling carbon dioxide emissions has become a top priority in global climate change response. However, due to the still high levels of carbon dioxide emissions, traditional carbon dioxide capture technologies face challenges such as high energy consumption and high costs. Therefore, developing low-cost, high-efficiency carbon dioxide adsorption and fixation technologies has become one of the key directions in current carbon dioxide emission reduction technology research.
[0003] There is a huge market demand for the engineering applications of carbon dioxide adsorption and fixation technologies. With the increasing stringency of global carbon dioxide emission regulations, enterprises facing carbon dioxide emission quotas and environmental pressures urgently need to find more efficient and economical carbon dioxide emission reduction solutions. Most existing carbon dioxide capture technologies suffer from high equipment investment and high energy consumption. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a circulating device and control method for adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through a mineralization reaction, which can effectively capture carbon dioxide with low investment and low energy consumption.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through a mineralization reaction, comprising: an adsorption device and a desorption device; The adsorption device includes an air supply duct and an air outlet duct connected to each other; wherein, a diagonal flow fan is fixed inside the air supply duct. A filter screen is installed inside the air outlet duct; a serpentine-supported adsorption material is fixed on the filter screen; A carbon dioxide monitoring device is installed at the outlet of the air duct; the carbon dioxide monitoring device is used to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet of the air duct; when the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet of the air duct is close to the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, the carbon dioxide monitoring device issues a prompt that the serpentine-supported adsorption material needs to be replaced. The desorption device includes a calcining furnace, a gas-liquid separator, and a gas collection tank connected in sequence. The calcining furnace is used to calcine the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide; the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide is regenerated into a serpentine-supported adsorbent material after calcination. The gas-water separator is used to separate the moisture and carbon dioxide in the gas obtained from calcination. The gas collecting tank is used to collect the separated carbon dioxide; The gas collection tank is equipped with a carbon dioxide monitor. The carbon dioxide monitor is used to continuously monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas collection tank during the calcination process and to issue a signal when the concentration does not reach the preset concentration.
[0006] Optionally, the serpentine-supported adsorbent material comprises two layers of closely packed serpentine spheres; wherein the serpentine spheres are bonded together using a polymer adhesive. The serpentine spheres are serpentine particles that have undergone hydrothermal treatment.
[0007] Optionally, the serpentine particles have a diameter of 3-5 mm.
[0008] Optionally, the front end of the air supply duct is a horn-shaped air inlet; an air filter screen is provided inside the horn-shaped air inlet; The air supply duct also includes an annular cylindrical body; one end of the annular cylindrical body is connected to the horn-shaped air inlet via a flange, and the other end of the annular cylindrical body is connected to the inlet of the mixed flow fan via a flange, with silicone gaskets provided between the flanges; The air outlet duct has a streamlined integral structure and consists of a conical air inlet section and a conical air outlet section; The outlet of the mixed-flow fan is fixedly connected to the conical air inlet section of the air outlet duct by bolts and sealing gaskets.
[0009] Optionally, the filter screen is a detachable filter screen; the filter screen is fixed at the connection between the conical air inlet section and the conical air outlet section; The conical air outlet section of the air outlet is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide monitoring device via a sealed pipe; the sealed pipe is equipped with an anti-backflow device.
[0010] Optionally, the adsorption device operates at a temperature of 300 °C; The airflow velocity of the adsorption device is controlled at 0.2-0.6 m / s during operation.
[0011] Optionally, the desorption device further includes: a vacuum fan, a cooling water tank, and a water cup; The vacuum fan is used to extract the gas inside the calcining furnace to create a low-pressure environment inside the calcining furnace. The cooling water tank is used to cool the gas output from the calcining furnace; The cooling water tank has an external pipe connected to a water cup; the water cup is used to collect condensate.
[0012] Optionally, the desorption device further includes: a temperature control box; The temperature control box is used to regulate the temperature and humidity inside the calcining furnace in real time.
[0013] Optionally, the calcining furnace is specifically used to calcine the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide at 670 °C for 90 min.
[0014] Secondly, this application provides a circulation control method for the circulation device for adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere via a mineralization reaction as described in claim 1, characterized in that it includes: Powered by a mixed-flow fan, a mixed airflow with both centrifugal and axial motion is formed; The carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet duct is monitored using a carbon dioxide monitoring device; when the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet duct is similar to the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, a prompt is issued indicating that the serpentine-supported adsorption material needs to be replaced. The serpentine-supported adsorbent material, after adsorbing carbon dioxide, is fed into a calcining furnace for calcination. A gas-liquid separator is used to separate the moisture and carbon dioxide in the gas obtained from calcination. The separated carbon dioxide is collected using a gas collecting tank; A carbon dioxide monitor is used to continuously monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas collection tank during the calcination process, and a signal is issued when the concentration does not reach the preset concentration.
[0015] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed: This application provides a circulating device and control method for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide through a mineralization reaction. The device includes an adsorption device and a desorption device. The adsorption device comprises an air supply duct, a diagonal flow fan, and an air outlet duct connected in sequence. A filter screen is installed inside the air outlet duct. A serpentine-supported adsorption material is fixed on the filter screen. A carbon dioxide monitoring device is installed at the outlet of the air outlet duct. The carbon dioxide monitoring device monitors the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet of the air outlet duct. When the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet of the air outlet duct is close to the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, a prompt is issued indicating that the serpentine-supported adsorption material needs to be replaced. The desorption device comprises a calcining furnace, a gas-liquid separator, and a gas collecting tank connected in sequence. The calcining furnace is used to calcine the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide. The serpentine-supported adsorbent material after carbon dioxide adsorption is regenerated into a serpentine-supported adsorbent material after calcination. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate moisture and carbon dioxide from the gas obtained after calcination. The gas collecting tank is used to collect the separated carbon dioxide. A carbon dioxide monitor is installed in the gas collecting tank. The carbon dioxide monitor is used to continuously monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas collecting tank during the calcination process and issue a signal when the concentration does not reach a preset concentration. This application utilizes the reaction of serpentine, a mineral material, with carbon dioxide to generate stable carbonate minerals, which can not only effectively fix carbon dioxide but also desorb and reuse carbon dioxide through an efficient recycling reaction. Moreover, the structure of this application reduces costs, thus enabling effective carbon dioxide adsorption with low investment and low energy consumption. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through a mineralization reaction, provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adsorption device provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the desorption device provided in one embodiment of this application.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of adsorbent materials provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0021] Figure label: Air supply duct-1, air outlet duct-2, diagonal flow fan-3, filter screen-4, temperature control box-5, calcining furnace-6, piping system-7, vacuum fan-8, cooling water tank-9, water cup-10, gas-water separator-11, gas collection tank-12, carbon dioxide monitoring device-13. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0023] Currently, extensive research has been conducted globally on carbon dioxide capture and fixation technologies, particularly mineralization reactions, physical adsorption, and chemisorption, which have made some progress. However, existing technologies still have certain limitations. For example, traditional physical adsorption methods often rely on the storage of high-pressure gaseous or liquid carbon dioxide, resulting in high energy consumption and high storage equipment costs. While chemisorption methods have strong carbon dioxide adsorption capabilities, the thermodynamic and kinetic limitations of the adsorption process pose challenges for their industrial-scale application. Furthermore, most existing carbon dioxide fixation technologies rely on mineral solutions or solid reactants, which have low reaction efficiency and are difficult to recycle efficiently.
[0024] This application utilizes the reaction of mineral materials with carbon dioxide to generate stable carbonate minerals, which can not only effectively fix carbon dioxide but also efficiently complete the desorption and reuse of carbon dioxide through a cyclic reaction. Currently, similar equipment and methods are still in the experimental stage, and there is no mature technology that can effectively solve the problem of carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption. Therefore, developing a novel and efficient carbon dioxide adsorption-desorption device to fill the technological gap in this field has significant academic value, as well as enormous economic benefits and market prospects, and is of great importance for promoting the industrial application of low-carbon technologies.
[0025] The purpose of this application is to adsorb and capture carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and then desorb it to form pure carbon dioxide. That is, this device adsorbs pure carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and the adsorption material can be recycled through desorption.
[0026] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0027] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, a circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide through a mineralization reaction is provided, comprising: an adsorption device and a desorption device. Wherein: the adsorption device is as follows... Figure 2 As shown, the desorption device is as follows Figure 3 As shown.
[0028] The adsorption device includes an air supply duct 1 and an air outlet duct 2 connected to each other; wherein, an oblique flow fan 3 is fixed inside the air supply duct 1.
[0029] The air outlet duct 2 is equipped with a filter screen 4; a serpentine-loaded adsorption material is fixed on the filter screen 4.
[0030] The serpentine-supported adsorbent material in this embodiment comprises two layers of tightly packed serpentine spheres; wherein the serpentine spheres are bonded together by a polymer adhesive; and the serpentine spheres are serpentine particles that have undergone hydrothermal treatment.
[0031] Specifically, the sample (serpentine-supported adsorbent material) for the carbon dioxide adsorption device in this embodiment is prepared as follows: Selection of Adsorbent Material: Serpentine, an ultrabasic rock rich in magnesium, is selected as the raw material for mineralizing and adsorbing carbon dioxide. The serpentine is calcined to remove water and a small amount of silica, producing magnesium oxide. Magnesium oxide can fix carbon dioxide at a suitable temperature and reacts with carbon dioxide to form magnesium carbonate. After several calcination cycles, magnesium carbonate is converted back into magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide. The regenerated magnesium oxide can be reused to adsorb carbon dioxide, forming a closed loop and achieving cyclical mineralization. The high-purity carbon dioxide produced in this process can be sold as a byproduct.
[0032] Thickness and particle size of the adsorbent material: Serpentine is processed into spherical adsorbent particles of 3-5 mm to ensure uniform particle quality. This particle size range ensures both sufficient contact surface area between particles and smooth gas flow. Processing into spherical or near-spherical particles reduces irregular gaps between particles during packing, improving gas flowability and uniformity of adsorption contact. To ensure high adsorption efficiency and economy, the adsorbent bed thickness can be controlled between 10-30 cm.
[0033] To improve the adsorption efficiency of adsorbent materials and prevent the mineralization reaction from being hindered, it is necessary to enhance the carbon dioxide transport efficiency and storage capacity of iron-based porous systems. Specific measures include minimizing the content of iron-based solids (such as iron oxide and ferric oxide) in the pores of magnesium hydroxide (serpentine raw material). Excessive iron-based solids can lead to uneven distribution of pore water, reducing the contact between carbon dioxide and the water film, thereby decreasing the adsorption efficiency. For example, a hydrothermal method can be used to convert the iron-based components in the original serpentine into more stable carbonate minerals. This not only reduces the content of iron-based components in the pores but also improves the overall carbonization efficiency. Alternatively, adjusting reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and humidity, can promote the preferential carbonization of magnesium-based components during the reaction process, thus reducing the content of iron-based components to some extent. High-temperature and high-pressure hydrothermal treatment conditions can increase the specific surface area and pore volume of the material, which is beneficial for improving carbon dioxide adsorption performance.
[0034] Temperature and airflow rate during adsorption: Generally, physical adsorption increases with decreasing temperature, but for carbon dioxide adsorption based on mineralization reactions, the effect of temperature can be more complex. Therefore, controlling the temperature helps maintain the activity of the adsorbent material and improve the adsorption reaction efficiency. It is recommended to maintain the temperature at around 300 °C. Both excessively high and low airflow rates will affect the adsorption efficiency of carbon dioxide. At excessively high rates, the contact time between the gas and the adsorbent material is too short, resulting in incomplete reaction of carbon dioxide with the adsorbent material; at excessively low rates, the energy consumption of the equipment will increase, which is not conducive to large-scale industrial applications. Based on the adsorption characteristics of serpentine, the airflow rate can be set to 0.2-0.6 m / s. This flow rate range ensures sufficient contact time between the gas and the adsorbent material while avoiding excessive pressure drop.
[0035] Please see Figure 4The arrangement of the adsorbent material: Arrange the single-layer spherical adsorbent material particles neatly within the frame, ensuring close contact between the particles without gaps. Apply a polymer adhesive evenly to the adjacent contact surfaces of each column or row of spherical adsorbent material particles, ensuring a thin and uniform adhesive layer. Tightening and shaping: Appropriately tighten the frame to ensure the spherical carbon dioxide adsorbent material particles are tightly bonded within the frame in rows or columns. The tightening force should be moderate to avoid damaging the adsorbent material particles. During the tightening process, a depression will naturally form between every four adjacent spherical adsorbent material particles. The depressions will be used for the subsequent laying of the second layer of adsorbent material particles; Apply adhesive again: Apply polymer adhesive around each depression, ensuring that the adhesive layer covers the edge of the depression and slightly extends beyond it, so as to form a good bond with the second layer of adsorbent material particles; Lay the second layer: Lay a new layer of carbon dioxide adsorbent spherical particles in the depressions where polymer adhesive was applied, ensuring that these particles are tightly bonded to the first layer of particles. After laying, gently press the second layer of particles to make it make close contact with the first layer of particles and the bottom of the frame, forming an adsorbent material sheet in which the two layers of adsorbent material particles are bonded together.
[0036] A carbon dioxide monitoring device 13 is installed at the outlet of the air outlet duct 2; the carbon dioxide monitoring device 13 is used to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration at the air outlet duct 2; when the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet of the air outlet duct 2 is close to the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, a prompt is issued indicating that the serpentine-supported adsorbent material needs to be replaced. In this embodiment, carbon dioxide monitoring devices 13 can be installed at both the outlet of the air outlet duct 2 and the inlet of the air supply duct 1.
[0037] Specifically, the adsorption device in this embodiment includes: an air supply duct 1, a diagonal flow fan 3, an air outlet duct 2, a serpentine-loaded adsorption material, and a carbon dioxide monitoring device. The front end of the air supply duct 1 is a trumpet-shaped air inlet, with an air filter screen inside to remove particulate matter and other impurities from the air, ensuring the purity of the air entering the system. The main body of the air supply duct 1 is an annular cylinder, specifically cylindrical in structure, made of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy to extend service life and reduce maintenance costs. One end of the annular cylinder is connected to the trumpet-shaped air inlet via a flange, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the diagonal flow fan 3 via the same flange. Silicone gaskets are used between the flanges to ensure a tight seal. The diagonal flow fan 3 is fixed inside the air supply duct 1, featuring a compact design. Its impeller is made of high-strength alloy steel to ensure stable operation under high loads. The outlet of the diagonal flow fan 3 is fixedly connected to the conical air inlet section of the air outlet duct 2 via bolts and sealing gaskets. The fan casing is coated with an anti-rust coating to adapt to various complex working environments.
[0038] The exhaust duct 2 consists of a conical inlet section and a conical outlet section, whose wide ends are precisely welded together to form a streamlined integrated structure, reducing airflow resistance. The main body of exhaust duct 2 is made of stainless steel, with an inner wall coated with a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant coating. Serpentine adsorbent material is filled in the middle of exhaust duct 2, specifically fixed at the connection between the conical inlet and outlet sections by a detachable filter screen 4. The filter screen 4 is made of stainless steel woven mesh, ensuring smooth airflow while effectively fixing the adsorbent material particles and preventing them from being lost with the airflow. The end of the conical outlet section of exhaust duct 2 is connected to the inlet of a carbon dioxide monitoring device via a sealed pipe. The sealed pipe is equipped with an anti-backflow device to prevent air backflow from affecting the adsorption process. The carbon dioxide monitoring device uses high-precision infrared monitoring technology to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaust air in real time, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the control system via a wireless transmission module.
[0039] During operation, outside air enters the air supply duct 1 through a horn-shaped inlet. The horn-shaped structure helps reduce air resistance, and the filter screen effectively traps particulate matter in the air. After entering the air supply duct 1, the air is powered by the mixed-flow fan 3, forming a mixed airflow with both centrifugal and axial motion, thereby improving the contact efficiency of the air when passing through the adsorption material. The airflow enters the conical inlet section of the outlet duct 2 at a stable speed and pressure, making full contact with the serpentine adsorption material. The surface of the adsorption material efficiently captures carbon dioxide from the air.
[0040] The adsorbed air is discharged through a conical outlet section to the carbon dioxide monitoring device. The monitoring device monitors the carbon dioxide concentration in the air and feeds the data back to the control system in real time. When the carbon dioxide concentration approaches the inlet concentration and the adsorption efficiency falls below a preset threshold, the system automatically sends a signal to pause airflow and prompt for replacement of the adsorption material sample. After replacement, the system is restarted to ensure continuous and efficient operation of the device.
[0041] This device features a modular design with tight and reliable connections between its components, facilitating installation and maintenance while ensuring stability and efficiency during operation.
[0042] In this embodiment, the desorption device includes a calcining furnace 6, a gas-liquid separator 11, and a gas collecting tank 12 connected in sequence.
[0043] The calcining furnace 6 is used to calcine the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide; the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide is regenerated into a serpentine-supported adsorbent material after calcination.
[0044] The gas-water separator 11 is used to separate the moisture and carbon dioxide in the gas obtained from calcination.
[0045] The gas collecting tank 12 is used to collect the separated carbon dioxide.
[0046] The gas collecting tank 12 is equipped with a carbon dioxide monitoring device 13 (a carbon dioxide monitoring instrument is selected in this embodiment).
[0047] The carbon dioxide monitor is used to continuously monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas collection tank 12 during the calcination process, and to issue a signal prompt when the concentration does not reach the preset concentration.
[0048] Specifically, the desorption device (also known as the sample calcination device) in this embodiment includes: The material calcination device is used to calcine and desorb carbon dioxide from materials (serpentine-supported adsorbent materials). The device comprises several key components, including a calcination furnace (6), a temperature control box (5), a piping system (7), valves, a vacuum fan (8), a cooling water tank (9), a gas-liquid separator (11), a gas collection tank (12), a water cup (10), and a carbon dioxide monitor. All these components work together precisely to ensure the high efficiency and stability of the calcination and desorption process.
[0049] First, the sample containing adsorbed carbon dioxide is connected to the calcination furnace 6 via a piping system and enters the furnace's inlet. The calcination furnace 6 is the core component of the apparatus, containing heating elements and temperature sensors capable of heating the sample to a set temperature range (room temperature to 800 °C). An external temperature control box 5 is installed around the calcination furnace 6. This box monitors the real-time temperature inside the furnace 6 via sensors and automatically adjusts the power of the heating elements as needed to ensure a stable furnace temperature. The temperature control box 5 can also regulate the humidity inside the furnace. By appropriately controlling the temperature and humidity, it helps to effectively separate the adsorbed carbon dioxide and moisture from the sample.
[0050] A vacuum fan 8 is also connected inside the calcining furnace 6. The vacuum fan 8 is connected to the furnace body via pipes. When started, it draws gas from the furnace, creating a low-pressure environment to promote the desorption of carbon dioxide. Gas is discharged from the calcining furnace 6 through pipes and enters the cooling water tank 9. The cooling water tank 9 has an internal cooling water circulation system. After being cooled by the cooling water, the temperature of the gas drops rapidly, causing the gaseous water to condense into liquid water. At this time, a pipe connected to a water cup 10 is located outside the cooling water tank 9 to collect the condensate and prevent water from flowing back into the piping system or gas collection device.
[0051] The cooled gas continues to flow through a pipe into the gas-liquid separator 11. The gas-liquid separator 11 is equipped with a high-efficiency separation device that effectively separates moisture from carbon dioxide in the gas. The separated carbon dioxide then flows through a pipe into the gas collection tank 12. In the gas collection tank 12, the carbon dioxide concentration gradually accumulates. The tank is equipped with a carbon dioxide monitor to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in real time. If the carbon dioxide concentration gradually increases, it indicates that the carbon dioxide extraction process is proceeding smoothly. If the concentration does not reach the preset concentration, the system will issue a signal to remind the operator to check for equipment malfunctions. The pure carbon dioxide in the gas collection tank 12 and the condensate collected in the water cup 10 are processed and recycled through an optimized system and provided to the market, potentially providing commercially viable byproducts for related industries and thus positively impacting the economic benefits of the plant.
[0052] After calcination, the next round of carbon dioxide adsorption will begin. During this process, the temperature control chamber 5 will continue to adjust the temperature and humidity of the calcination furnace 6 to ensure that each step meets the prescribed experimental conditions. The entire system is designed with intelligent temperature and pressure monitoring to ensure the efficient execution of the calcination and desorption processes at different stages of the sample.
[0053] The calcining furnace 6 has a specific structure including a furnace body with heating elements. Multiple temperature sensors are installed inside the furnace body, transmitting real-time data to an external temperature control box 5. The temperature control box 5 adjusts the power of the heating elements according to the set values to ensure the calcination temperature meets requirements. The furnace body's air inlet and outlet are connected to a piping system, with valves controlling gas flow. When gas enters the vacuum fan 8 through the pipes, the vacuum fan 8 reduces the pressure inside the furnace by suction, thereby accelerating the carbon dioxide desorption process.
[0054] Cooling water tank 9 and gas-liquid separator 11 are important auxiliary systems in the calcination process. Cooling water tank 9 is equipped with a cooling water circulation device to ensure gas cooling efficiency. Gas-liquid separator 11 effectively separates moisture and carbon dioxide from the gas through filter screen 4 or other separation materials, preventing moisture from entering gas collecting tank 12 and ensuring the purity of carbon dioxide. Gas collecting tank 12 is connected to a carbon dioxide monitor, which can measure the carbon dioxide concentration in gas collecting tank 12 in real time and display the data to show whether the predetermined concentration has been reached. The entire system adopts automated control technology, and the various components work together through an intelligent management and control system to ensure that the entire calcination process is efficient and accurate, and can make adjustments based on real-time data. The design of this device not only improves the efficiency of carbon dioxide extraction but also ensures the recycling of samples, improving the overall experimental effect and the economy of the equipment.
[0055] Ultimately, the sample calcination device successfully achieved the effective extraction, separation, and collection of carbon dioxide. At the same time, precise temperature and pressure control ensured efficient desorption of the sample and stable collection of carbon dioxide.
[0056] When the sample calcination apparatus is in operation: Calcination temperature and time: The main purpose of calcination is to release the adsorbed carbon dioxide while avoiding damage to the serpentine structure, allowing it to continue its adsorption function in subsequent cycles. Too low a temperature may lead to incomplete desorption, while too high a temperature may damage the crystal structure of the adsorbent material, reducing its reusability. Too short a calcination time may result in incomplete desorption of carbon dioxide, while too long a time will increase energy consumption and reduce economic efficiency. Based on the decomposition characteristics and mineral composition of serpentine, calcination at 670 ℃ for 90 min yields a high carbon dioxide release efficiency while better preserving the structure of the adsorbent material.
[0057] This embodiment provides two methods for prompting the replacement of serpentine-supported adsorbent material. One method involves installing a carbon dioxide monitoring device 13 only at the outlet of the air duct 2. In this case, when the carbon dioxide concentration in the contact gas is similar to the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, a prompt is issued indicating that the serpentine-supported adsorbent material needs to be replaced. The other method involves installing carbon dioxide monitoring devices 13 at both the outlet of the air duct 2 and the inlet of the air supply duct 1. In this case, the carbon dioxide concentrations at the outlet and inlet are compared.
[0058] The adsorption-calcination threshold of the adsorbent material: The calcination threshold can be determined experimentally. The carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of serpentine adsorbent material is typically within the range of 2.3 kg carbon dioxide / kg serpentine. Using a carbon dioxide monitor, when the outlet concentration significantly increases and approaches the inlet concentration, it indicates that the adsorbent material is close to saturation (assuming that carbon dioxide monitoring devices 13 are installed at both the outlet of the air duct 2 and the inlet of the air duct 1 in this embodiment), and calcination can be initiated. When treating high-concentration carbon dioxide gas flow (such as industrial waste gas, >1000 ppm), if the outlet carbon dioxide concentration reaches 90%-95% of the inlet concentration, it indicates that the adsorbent material is close to saturation, and adsorption should be stopped and calcination should be carried out; while when treating low-concentration carbon dioxide (such as atmospheric environment, about 400 ppm), when the outlet concentration rises to 370-390 ppm (close to the inlet concentration), it indicates that the adsorbent material has reached saturation.
[0059] Cyclic loss of adsorbent materials: Existing studies assessing the capacity loss of adsorbent materials have shown that after 10 cycles, the carbon dioxide absorption capacity decreases by 5-7%. Assuming a loss of 5-10% per cycle, and considering environmental losses and possible sintering effects, the initial adsorbent material can last for 10-20 cycles, after which the serpentine adsorbent material raw material needs to be replaced.
[0060] Compared with related technologies, this embodiment has the following specific advantages: 1. High-efficiency carbon dioxide adsorption technology based on serpentine adsorbent materials: Using serpentine as an adsorbent material, it exhibits high carbon dioxide adsorption capacity and excellent cycle stability. Serpentine not only efficiently adsorbs carbon dioxide but is also environmentally friendly during the adsorption process, making it suitable for long-term adsorption-desorption cycles.
[0061] Serpentine adsorbent materials can restore their adsorption performance through a simple calcination desorption process, achieving efficient resource recycling and reducing the replacement frequency and usage cost of traditional carbon dioxide adsorbent materials.
[0062] 2. Precise temperature and humidity control: The temperature and humidity of the calcining furnace 6 are monitored and adjusted in real time by the temperature control chamber 5 to ensure the stable separation and extraction process of carbon dioxide and pure water, avoiding a decrease in extraction efficiency due to temperature and humidity fluctuations. This temperature control design not only ensures a highly efficient carbon dioxide desorption process, but also reduces damage to the sample by optimizing humidity conditions, thereby improving the sample's durability and desorption efficiency.
[0063] 3. Recovery of carbon dioxide and condensate from gas collecting tank 12 and water cup 10: The gas and moisture generated during calcination are separated by the gas-liquid separator 11, successfully recovering pure carbon dioxide, which is then stored in the gas collection tank 12, demonstrating high recovery efficiency. This carbon dioxide can be reused in other industrial or environmental applications, possessing certain commercial value.
[0064] The recycling and utilization of condensate not only achieves efficient water resource circulation, but also provides an environmentally friendly water source for equipment operation, reduces water waste, and conforms to the concept of sustainable development.
[0065] 4. Carbon dioxide desorption under vacuum: By utilizing a vacuum fan 8 to create a low-pressure environment, energy consumption during the calcination process is effectively reduced, and the desorption of carbon dioxide is accelerated. The vacuum environment not only improves the efficiency of carbon dioxide desorption but also reduces the equipment's energy dependence, resulting in a high energy efficiency ratio.
[0066] 5. Real-time feedback mechanism of carbon dioxide monitoring device 13: The carbon dioxide monitor continuously monitors the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas collection tank 12, providing real-time feedback on the effectiveness of the adsorption and desorption processes. When the carbon dioxide concentration is detected to be below the preset level, the system will issue a signal to ensure that the entire device operates in optimal condition.
[0067] This mechanism enhances the intelligence of the device and helps operators promptly identify equipment malfunctions or degradation of adsorption material performance, ensuring the long-term efficient operation of the device.
[0068] 6. Recycling design of the adsorption and calcination unit: This device achieves sample recycling by re-feeding the calcined sample into the adsorption unit. This not only improves the efficiency of the adsorption unit but also significantly reduces operating costs and the need for new adsorbent materials.
[0069] This recycling design aligns with the principles of green environmental protection and energy conservation and emission reduction, while also reducing the need for waste adsorbent material disposal, resulting in significant environmental benefits.
[0070] 7. Compact structural design: The device features a compact structure, organically integrating all components (including the air supply system, adsorption unit, calcination unit, carbon dioxide monitoring device 13, etc.) into a single system, saving space and making system operation simpler and more efficient. This design allows the device to be effectively applied in laboratory, industrial, or small-scale application scenarios, making it widely applicable.
[0071] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a circulation control method for the circulation device for adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere via mineralization reaction as described in claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1. Power is provided by the mixed airflow fan 3 to form a mixed airflow that has both centrifugal and axial motion; S2. Use carbon dioxide monitoring device 13 to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration at the air outlet duct 2; when the carbon dioxide concentration at the air outlet duct 2 is close to the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, issue a prompt that the serpentine-supported adsorption material needs to be replaced. S3. The serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide is fed into calcining furnace 6 for calcination. S4. Use gas-water separator 11 to separate the moisture and carbon dioxide in the gas obtained from calcination. S5. Collect the separated carbon dioxide using gas collecting tank 12; S6. Using a carbon dioxide monitor, continuously monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas collection tank 12 during the calcination process, and issue a signal when the concentration does not reach the preset concentration.
[0072] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0073] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
Claims
1. A circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through a mineralization reaction, characterized in that, include: Adsorption device and desorption device; The adsorption device includes an air supply duct and an air outlet duct connected to each other; wherein, a diagonal flow fan is fixed inside the air supply duct. A filter screen is installed inside the air outlet duct; a serpentine-supported adsorption material is fixed on the filter screen; A carbon dioxide monitoring device is installed at the outlet of the air duct; the carbon dioxide monitoring device is used to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet of the air duct; when the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet of the air duct is close to the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, the carbon dioxide monitoring device issues a prompt that the serpentine-supported adsorption material needs to be replaced. The desorption device includes a calcining furnace, a gas-liquid separator, and a gas collection tank connected in sequence. The calcining furnace is used to calcine the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide; the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide is regenerated into a serpentine-supported adsorbent material after calcination. The gas-water separator is used to separate the moisture and carbon dioxide in the gas obtained from calcination. The gas collecting tank is used to collect the separated carbon dioxide; The gas collection tank is equipped with a carbon dioxide monitor. The carbon dioxide monitor is used to continuously monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas collection tank during the calcination process and to issue a signal when the concentration does not reach the preset concentration.
2. The circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via mineralization reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The serpentine-supported adsorbent material comprises two layers of tightly packed serpentine spheres; wherein the serpentine spheres are bonded together by a polymer adhesive. The serpentine spheres are serpentine particles that have undergone hydrothermal treatment.
3. The circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via mineralization reaction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The serpentine particles have a diameter of 3-5 mm.
4. The circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via mineralization reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the air supply duct is a trumpet-shaped air inlet; an air filter screen is installed inside the trumpet-shaped air inlet. The air supply duct also includes an annular cylindrical body; one end of the annular cylindrical body is connected to the horn-shaped air inlet via a flange, and the other end of the annular cylindrical body is connected to the inlet of the mixed flow fan via a flange, with silicone gaskets provided between the flanges; The air outlet duct has a streamlined integral structure and consists of a conical air inlet section and a conical air outlet section; The outlet of the mixed-flow fan is fixedly connected to the conical air inlet section of the air outlet duct by bolts and sealing gaskets.
5. The circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via mineralization reaction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter screen is a detachable filter screen; the filter screen is fixed at the connection between the conical air inlet section and the conical air outlet section; The conical air outlet section of the air outlet is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide monitoring device via a sealed pipe; the sealed pipe is equipped with an anti-backflow device.
6. The circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via mineralization reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption device operates at a temperature of 40-60 ℃; The airflow velocity of the adsorption device is controlled at 0.2-0.6 m / s during operation.
7. The circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via mineralization reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The desorption device also includes: a vacuum fan, a cooling water tank, and a water cup; The vacuum fan is used to extract gas from the calcining furnace and create a low-pressure environment inside the calcining furnace. The cooling water tank is used to cool the gas output from the calcining furnace; The cooling water tank has an external pipe connected to a water cup; the water cup is used to collect condensate.
8. The circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via mineralization reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The desorption device further includes: a temperature control box; The temperature control box is used to regulate the temperature and humidity inside the calcining furnace in real time.
9. The circulating device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via mineralization reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcining furnace is specifically used to calcine the serpentine-supported adsorbent material after adsorbing carbon dioxide at 670 °C for 90 min.
10. A method for controlling the circulation of a device for adsorbing and desorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide via a mineralization reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: Powered by a mixed-flow fan, a mixed airflow with both centrifugal and axial motion is formed; The carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet duct is monitored using a carbon dioxide monitoring device; when the carbon dioxide concentration at the outlet duct is close to the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, a prompt is issued indicating that the serpentine-supported adsorption material needs to be replaced. The serpentine-supported adsorbent material, after adsorbing carbon dioxide, is fed into a calcining furnace for calcination. A gas-liquid separator is used to separate the moisture and carbon dioxide in the gas obtained from calcination. The separated carbon dioxide is collected using a gas collecting tank; A carbon dioxide monitor is used to continuously monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas collection tank during the calcination process, and a signal is issued when the concentration does not reach the preset concentration.