Intelligent monitoring device of pantograph

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph. The intelligent monitoring device comprises a locomotive pantograph main body, a hardware module and a software system, the software system comprises an MCU intelligent module, a sensor data acquisition module and a display system module. The hardware module comprises an automatic off-network device, a cushion valve, an electric control valve, a door interlocking valve, a pressure regulating valve, an air pressure tank and a sensor module. During use, the sensor modules are respectively mounted at specified positions on various valves in the pantograph main body and the hardware module, the sensor acquisition module acquires data, the data are transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through a wireless transmission technology, and various data information is acquired through mutual cooperation of software and hardware; the data information is processed and analyzed by the analysis processing module, and then the data is transmitted to the display screen module through a wireless transmission technology to display an abnormal fault alarm prompt signal. Therefore, the purpose of monitoring faults such as air pressure abnormity, circuit control abnormity or mechanical transmission part loosening possibly occurring in the locomotive pantograph is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automated monitoring, and more particularly to an intelligent monitoring device for pantographs used in electric locomotives. Background Technology

[0002] With continuous innovation and breakthroughs in technologies such as intelligent sensing, big data analysis, and wireless communication, research on intelligent pantograph monitoring equipment is evolving towards greater sensing, intelligence, and information-based capabilities. The in-depth application of this technology not only ensures the operational reliability of locomotive power supply but also promotes the iterative upgrade of intelligent fault monitoring in the pantograph-catenary system, providing crucial technical support for building a safe power supply system for heavy-haul locomotives.

[0003] In high-speed electrified railway systems, the pantograph is a critical component of electric locomotives. The normal contact between the pantograph and the overhead contact line is essential for the safe operation of the locomotive. The locomotive draws power from the contact line above it via the pantograph to power its own equipment and other electrical components. During operation, the locomotive must maintain a stable power supply. Therefore, the pantograph contact strip, which is in direct contact with the contact line, is crucial for obtaining power. Its condition is extremely critical, as it directly affects the locomotive's ability to reliably and stably draw power from the contact line, thus impacting the locomotive's operational reliability.

[0004] To ensure the reliability of electric locomotive operation and the accuracy of real-time monitoring, it is essential to fundamentally address or eliminate the frequent abnormal movements of the locomotive's pantograph. The causes of frequent abnormal pantograph movements include problems with the pneumatic system, the electrical control system, and the mechanical transmission system.

[0005] In the case of problems with the air pressure system in the pantograph of a locomotive, faults such as broken air inflation strips, damaged limit valves, low output pressure of pressure regulating valves, broken connecting pipes, and worn transmission cylinder seals can lead to impaired air circuit sealing, air leakage in the pipes, and unstable air pressure, which in turn causes abnormal air pressure operation of the pantograph.

[0006] In the circuit control system of the locomotive pantograph, problems such as aging control lines, loose wiring connections, broken or short-circuited lines, and leakage can cause the pantograph to fail to respond to operating commands. This can lead to jamming of electronically controlled valves, pressure regulating valves, and gate valves, resulting in a failure in the conversion between electrical control signals and air pressure control. This, in turn, triggers a series of chain reactions, leading to insufficient air pressure, abnormal pantograph operation, and control logic chaos. Consequently, this causes abnormal operation of the pantograph's circuit control.

[0007] In the mechanical transmission system, damage to the diaphragm plate of the transmission cylinder leads to air leakage inside the cylinder, causing a decrease in cylinder pressure and resulting in poor contact between the pantograph and the contact wire. Because the transmission rod operates under high-intensity vibration, the couplings are prone to loosening and detachment, causing the pantograph to lose its driving force, thus resulting in the abnormal action of the pantograph momentarily detaching from the contact wire. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring device for pantographs that can solve the problem of pantograph momentary disconnection from the grid caused by problems such as abnormal air pressure, abnormal circuit control, or failure of mechanical transmission components.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph, comprising a locomotive pantograph body, a hardware module for acquiring data information directly mounted on the locomotive pantograph body, and a software system that works in conjunction with the hardware module.

[0010] The hardware module includes an automatic net removal device connected to the conductive slide plate, a buffer valve and a transmission cylinder connected to the output end of the automatic net removal device, an electric control valve connected to the output end of the buffer valve, a door interlock valve connected to the output end of the electric control valve, a pressure regulating valve connected to the output end of the door interlock valve, and a pressure tank connected to the output end of the pressure regulating valve.

[0011] The transmission rod insulator connected to the output end of the transmission cylinder, the mating bolt connecting the transmission cylinder and the transmission rod insulator, the displacement insulator connected to the upper end of the transmission rod insulator, the adjusting bolt connecting the transmission rod insulator and the displacement insulator, the transmission arm connected to the upper end of the displacement insulator, and the damper rod connected to the upper end of the transmission arm; and sensor modules respectively installed on the upper end of the transmission cylinder, the upper end of the transmission rod insulator, the input end of the buffer valve, and the input end of the door interlock valve; the conductive slide plate, the automatic net-off device, the buffer valve, the electric control valve, the door interlock valve, the pressure regulating valve, and the pressure tank are all connected to each other by air supply pipes.

[0012] The sensor module includes a leak detection sensor, a displacement detection sensor, a pressure detection sensor, a tension detection sensor, a current detection sensor, a zero-sequence current transformer, and a LORA wireless transmission module; the first and second pressure detection sensors are collectively referred to as pressure detection sensors, and the leak detection sensor, displacement detection sensor, pressure detection sensor, tension detection sensor, current detection sensor, and zero-sequence current transformer all transmit data wirelessly.

[0013] The software system includes a display module installed inside the driver's cab for the driver's use and observation, equipped with an internal LORA wireless receiver module; an MCU smart module with a built-in LORA gateway interconnected and controlled by the hardware module; an MCU smart module power processing circuit, a data storage module, and a 4G wireless transmission module connected to the MCU smart module; a mobile APP and a computer connected to the display module; a screen display module power processing circuit connected to the display module; a LORA wireless network transmission module connected to the display module; a solid-state battery connected to the LORA wireless network transmission module; and a sensor acquisition module; the LORA wireless network transmission module includes a LORA gateway and multiple pantograph information modules connected to the LORA gateway; signal transmission between the mobile APP, computer, and display module all uses wireless network data transmission.

[0014] The LoRa wireless network transmission module includes a first LoRa wireless network transmission module, a second LoRa wireless network transmission module, a third LoRa wireless network transmission module, a fourth LoRa wireless network transmission module, a fifth LoRa wireless network transmission module, a sixth LoRa wireless network transmission module, and a seventh LoRa wireless network transmission module; the solid-state battery includes a first solid-state battery, a second solid-state battery, a third solid-state battery, a fourth solid-state battery, a fifth solid-state battery, a sixth solid-state battery, and a seventh solid-state battery.

[0015] The airflow starts from the pressure tank, passes through the pressure regulating valve, door interlock valve, electric control valve, buffer valve, and automatic screen disconnection device, and arrives at the conductive slide plate, forming a pneumatic monitoring circuit.

[0016] Starting from the transmission cylinder, the circuit passes through the connecting bolt, transmission rod insulator, adjusting bolt, displacement insulator, transmission arm, and finally to the damper rod, forming a mechanical component monitoring circuit.

[0017] The electrically controlled valve, current sensor, and zero-sequence transformer form a control circuit.

[0018] In the pneumatic monitoring circuit, a second air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the door interlock valve. The data acquired by the second air pressure monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the second LORA wireless network transmission module. A first air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the buffer valve. The data acquired by the first air pressure monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the first LORA wireless network transmission module.

[0019] In the mechanical component monitoring circuit, a leakage monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission cylinder. The data acquired by the leakage monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the third LoRa wireless network transmission module. A displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission rod insulator. The data acquired by the displacement monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the fourth LoRa wireless network transmission module. A tension monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the suspension rod. The data acquired by the tension monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the seventh LoRa wireless network transmission module.

[0020] In the control circuit, a current monitoring sensor is installed at the input terminal of the electric valve. The data acquired by the current monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the fifth LORA wireless network transmission module.

[0021] The intelligent monitoring system of this case is formed by a display module, an MCU intelligent module, a pneumatic monitoring circuit, a mechanical component monitoring circuit, and a control circuit, which enables real-time monitoring of the air circuit, electrical circuit, and mechanical component actions of the locomotive pantograph.

[0022] Further specifying, the current monitoring sensor is composed of a toroidal current transformer core; a zero-sequence current transformer and a control line are used to jointly control whether a grounding leakage fault occurs, with the live wire and neutral wire of the control line passing through the toroidal current transformer core simultaneously; when there is no grounding leakage, the magnetic fields of the toroidal current transformer core cancel each other out, and the current monitoring sensor senses zero; when there is leakage, the residual current induces a voltage signal, and the current monitoring sensor senses a high level.

[0023] The system employs a combination of monitoring sensors and control lines to control whether the valve remains in an on / off state. Current and voltage monitoring sensors work together to detect the normal operating voltage and current values ​​of the electrically controlled valve. The current monitoring sensor collects signals and transmits them to the MCU intelligent module for calculation, analysis, judgment, and processing. When the monitoring data is abnormal, an abnormal data prompt is displayed on the screen module, and an alarm is issued simultaneously. When the monitoring data is normal, the display module displays no data and does not issue an alarm. This achieves the monitoring action of the control circuit.

[0024] Further specified, the air leakage monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission cylinder; a cylinder diaphragm is installed inside the transmission cylinder; if the cylinder diaphragm is not worn or damaged, there is no air leakage inside the transmission cylinder; if the cylinder diaphragm is worn or damaged, there is air leakage inside the transmission cylinder; if there is air leakage, a transmission air leakage fault occurs; if the air leakage monitoring sensor detects that the air leakage pressure of the transmission cylinder exceeds a threshold, the air leakage monitoring sensor sends a signal to the MCU intelligent module. After the MCU intelligent module calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and judges the action, if there is an air leakage fault, the data is transmitted to the display module via the wireless generation module, displaying information about the transmission cylinder air leakage caused by the damaged or worn diaphragm, for operational reference and use; if there is no air leakage fault, no information is displayed on the display module; thus, by monitoring whether there is air leakage in the transmission cylinder, an effective monitoring function is achieved. At the same time, in the gas passages and valves inside the entire gas pipeline, such as pressure regulating valves, door interlock valves, electric control valves, buffer valves, automatic disconnection devices and gas pipelines, a gas pressure monitoring sensor module is installed at the output end of the door interlock valve and the output end of the buffer valve respectively to realize real-time monitoring of the pressure data in the entire gas pipeline. When a gas pipeline leaks and causes low pressure, the gas pressure monitoring sensors transmit real-time data to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and determines the appropriate action. If the pressure data is low at a control valve in a certain section of the pipeline or at a specific location within the pipeline, the MCU intelligent module transmits the data wirelessly to the display module inside the driver's cab. The display module shows the pressure data and promptly predicts potential faults to avoid the risk of automatic pantograph lowering. This achieves effective monitoring of the pressure throughout the entire gas pipeline.

[0025] Further specifying, the displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the interface between the displacement insulator and the adjusting bolt, mainly used to monitor whether there is any loosening or displacement at the joint of the displacement insulator. When the displacement monitoring sensor detects a displacement or loosening of the displacement insulator, it sends a data signal to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and judges the action. If the displacement insulator is misaligned or loose, the MCU intelligent module immediately transmits the data signal to the display module via a wireless transmission module, displaying the abnormal displacement fault information of the displacement insulator. If the displacement insulator is not misaligned or loose, no abnormal information prompt appears on the display module. Thus, the displacement insulator joint monitoring function is realized.

[0026] Further specifying, the tension monitoring sensor is installed between the lifting spring and the spring adjusting bolt, mainly used to monitor for lifting spring breakage or insufficient tension. When the tension monitoring sensor detects a broken or insufficient lifting spring, it transmits the sensed data signal to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and judges the fault. If the spring is broken or the tension is insufficient, the MCU intelligent module immediately transmits the sensed data signal to the display module via a wireless transmission module, displaying the lifting spring's tension failure information. If the lifting spring's tension data is normal, no abnormal information prompt appears on the display module. Thus, the monitoring function of the lifting spring's tension or breakage is realized.

[0027] Further specifying, the locomotive pantograph body includes a pantograph bracket, a pantograph head assembly mounted on the upper end of the pantograph bracket, an insulating suspension assembly mounted on the top of the pantograph head assembly, and a pneumatic transmission mechanism that can move up and down on the insulating suspension assembly. The pneumatic transmission mechanism includes a damper rod mounted on the lower end of the insulating suspension assembly, a transmission arm mounted on one end of the damper rod, a displacement insulator connected to the lower end of the transmission arm, a transmission rod insulator mounted on the lower end of the displacement insulator, a transmission cylinder mounted on the lower end of the transmission rod insulator, an adjusting bolt connected between the displacement insulator and the transmission rod insulator, and a mating bolt connected between the transmission rod insulator and the transmission cylinder. The pantograph support includes a pantograph center hinge seat placed directly on the ground, a center push rod located at the center position on the pantograph center hinge seat, upper frame side rods located on both sides of the center push rod on the pantograph center hinge seat, an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod connected between the center push rod and the upper frame side rods for reinforcement, an arc connecting rod located at the middle position between the two upper frame side rods, and a support rod connector for connecting the upper end of the upper frame side rods to the pantograph head assembly. The bow head assembly includes a bow head body directly connected to the top of the side rod of the upper frame, and conductive sliding plates installed on the upper and lower sides of the bow head body; The insulated suspension assembly includes a first insulator at the top of the central push rod, suspension rods at both ends of the central push rod, tension monitoring sensors at both ends of the top of the suspension rods, a lifting spring mounted on the suspension rods, a spring adjusting bolt mounted at the intersection of the top of the suspension rods and the central push rod, an insulated transverse rod mounted at the lower end of the suspension rods, a second insulator and a third insulator at both ends of the insulated transverse rods, and a suspension connecting rod mounted on the insulated transverse rods and connected to the damper rod.

[0028] Further defining the MCU intelligent module, it includes a main control MCU module, a pressure detection IC module, a transmission machinery detection IC module, and an electric valve detection IO interface module, all connected to the input terminals of the main control MCU module; an analysis and processing module connected to the output terminals of the main control MCU module; a current anomaly module and a wireless module, all connected to the analysis and processing module; a display module interconnected with the wireless module; a pressure anomaly module and a valve anomaly module, all interconnected with the current anomaly module; and an alarm device module; the alarm device module is interconnected with the display module. In use, the system first obtains data information from the hardware through the air pressure detection IC module, transmission machinery detection IC module, and electric control valve detection IO interface module. Then, the obtained data information is sent to the main control MCU module, which in turn sends the data information to the analysis and processing module. After the analysis and processing module performs analysis, calculation, comparison, and processing actions, the results processed by the analysis and processing module are then sent to the display module. If abnormal data is found in the data information after processing by the analysis module, the abnormal data is transmitted to the abnormal data analysis module, which in turn transmits the abnormal data to the alarm device module. The alarm device module then triggers an alarm and simultaneously sends an alarm command to the wireless module, which in turn notifies the display module to show the alarm signal. If the data information processed by the analysis and processing module is found to be normal, a data command is sent to the wireless module to notify the display module to display the normal data information.

[0029] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows: The pantograph body described in this invention is equipped with an intelligent monitoring system consisting of hardware modules and a software system. The software system includes a display module with an internal wireless module installed inside the driver's cab for the driver's use and observation; an MCU intelligent module with a built-in wireless module that is interconnected with and controls the hardware modules; an MCU intelligent module power processing circuit, a data storage module, and a 4G wireless transmission module connected to the MCU intelligent module; a mobile APP and a computer body connected to the display module; a screen display module power processing circuit connected to the display module; a LoRa wireless network transmission module connected to the display module; a solid-state battery connected to the LoRa wireless network transmission module; and a sensor acquisition module. The LoRa wireless network transmission module includes a LoRa gateway and multiple pantograph information modules connected to the LoRa gateway. Signal transmission between the mobile APP, the computer body, and the display module all uses wireless network technology to transmit data.

[0030] The hardware module includes an automatic net-removal device connected to the conductive slide plate, a buffer valve connected to the automatic net-removal device, an electrically controlled valve connected to the buffer valve, a door interlock valve connected to the electrically controlled valve, a pressure regulating valve connected to the door interlock valve, and a pressure tank connected to the pressure regulating valve; a transmission rod insulator connected to the output end of the transmission cylinder, a connecting bolt connecting the transmission cylinder and the transmission rod insulator, a displacement insulator connected to the upper end of the transmission rod insulator, an adjusting bolt connecting the transmission rod insulator and the displacement insulator, a transmission arm connected to the upper end of the displacement insulator, and a damper rod connected to the upper end of the transmission arm; and sensor modules respectively installed on the upper end of the transmission cylinder, the upper end of the transmission rod insulator, the input end of the buffer valve, and the input end of the door interlock valve.

[0031] The MCU intelligent module includes a main control MCI module, a pneumatic pressure detection IC module, a transmission machinery detection IC module, and an electric valve detection IO interface module, all connected to the input terminals of the main control MCI module; an analysis and processing module connected to the output terminals of the main control MCI module; a current anomaly module and a wireless module connected to the analysis and processing module; a display module interconnected with the wireless module; a pneumatic pressure anomaly module and a valve anomaly module interconnected with the current anomaly module; and an alarm device module; the alarm device module is interconnected with the display module.

[0032] In operation, various valve components in the hardware module are first installed at their designated positions on the pantograph body. Sensor modules are then installed at designated positions on both the pantograph body and the various valves in the hardware module. The sensor acquisition module collects data and transmits it wirelessly to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module and hardware module work together to acquire various data information. The analyzed data is then transmitted to the current anomaly module, which in turn transmits the abnormal data to the alarm device module, triggering an alarm. Simultaneously, an alarm command is sent to the wireless module, instructing the display module to show the alarm signal. This effectively resolves the issue of momentary pantograph disconnection caused by abnormal air pressure, circuit control malfunctions, or mechanical transmission component failures.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a control principle diagram of an intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In order to make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution and the beneficial technical effects of the invention clearer and more complete, the technical solution of the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following drawings and embodiments, so as to enable correct understanding. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain and illustrate the understanding of the technical solution of the invention.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the following describes an intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph, which includes a pantograph body, a hardware module directly installed on the pantograph body, and a software system that works in conjunction with the hardware module.

[0037] The locomotive pantograph body includes a pantograph bracket 1, a pantograph head assembly 2 mounted on the upper end of the pantograph bracket 1, and an insulating suspension assembly mounted on the top of the pantograph head assembly 2. The insulating suspension assembly is equipped with a pneumatic transmission mechanism that can move up and down. The pneumatic transmission mechanism includes a damper rod 3 mounted on the lower end of the insulating suspension assembly, a transmission arm 4 mounted on one end of the damper rod 3, a displacement insulator 5 connected to the lower end of the transmission arm 4, a transmission rod insulator 6 mounted on the lower end of the displacement insulator 5, a transmission cylinder 7 mounted on the lower end of the transmission rod insulator 6, an adjusting bolt 8 connecting the displacement insulator 5 and the transmission rod insulator 6, and a connecting bolt 9 connecting the transmission rod insulator 6 and the transmission cylinder 7.

[0038] The pantograph support 1 includes a pantograph intermediate hinge seat placed directly on the ground, a central push rod located at the center position on the pantograph intermediate hinge seat, upper frame side rods located on both sides of the central push rod on the pantograph intermediate hinge seat, an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod connected between the central push rod and the upper frame side rods for reinforcement, an arc connecting rod located at the middle position between the two upper frame side rods, and a support rod connector for connecting the upper end of the upper frame side rods to the pantograph head assembly.

[0039] The bow head assembly 2 includes a bow head body directly connected to the top of the upper frame side rod, and conductive sliding plates 201 installed on the upper and lower sides of the bow head body. The insulating suspension assembly includes a first insulator 101 set at the top of the central push rod, suspension rods 102 set at both ends of the central push rod, tension monitoring sensors 109 respectively installed at the top of both ends of the suspension rods 102, a lifting spring 103 installed on the suspension rods 102, an adjusting bolt 104 installed at the intersection of the top of the suspension rods 102 and the central push rod, an insulating transverse rod 105 installed at the lower end of the suspension rods 102, a second insulator 106 and a third insulator 107 respectively set at both ends of the insulating transverse rod 105, and a suspension connecting rod 108 installed on the insulating transverse rod 105 and connected to the damper rod 3.

[0040] The hardware module includes an automatic net removal device connected to the conductive slide plate 201, a buffer valve and a transmission cylinder 7 connected to the output end of the automatic net removal device, an electric control valve connected to the output end of the buffer valve, a door interlock valve connected to the output end of the electric control valve, a pressure regulating valve connected to the output end of the door interlock valve, and a pressure tank connected to the output end of the pressure regulating valve.

[0041] The transmission rod insulator 6 is connected to the output end of the transmission cylinder 7; the mating bolt 9 is connected between the transmission cylinder 7 and the transmission rod insulator 6; the displacement insulator 5 is connected to the upper end of the transmission rod insulator 6; the adjusting bolt 8 is connected between the transmission rod insulator 6 and the displacement insulator 5; the transmission arm 4 is connected to the upper end of the displacement insulator 5; the damper rod 3 is connected to the upper end of the transmission arm 4; and sensor modules are respectively installed on the upper end of the transmission cylinder 7, the upper end of the transmission rod insulator 6, the input end of the buffer valve, and the input end of the door interlock valve; the conductive slide plate 201, the automatic net-off device, the buffer valve, the electric control valve, the door interlock valve, the pressure regulating valve, and the pressure tank are all connected to each other by air supply pipes; The sensor module includes a leak detection sensor, a displacement detection sensor, a pressure detection sensor, a tension detection sensor 109, a current detection sensor, a zero-sequence current transformer, and a LORA wireless transmission module; the first and second pressure detection sensors are collectively referred to as pressure detection sensors, and the leak detection sensor, displacement detection sensor, pressure detection sensor, current detection sensor, zero-sequence current transformer, and tension detection sensor all transmit data wirelessly.

[0042] A leakage monitoring sensor is installed at the intersection of the upper end of the transmission cylinder 7 and the connecting bolt 9; a displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the intersection of the transmission rod insulator 6 and the adjusting bolt 8; a first air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the buffer valve; a second air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the door interlock valve; a current monitoring sensor is installed at one end of the electric control valve; a zero-sequence current transformer is connected to the current monitoring sensor; and a control line is connected to the zero-sequence current transformer.

[0043] The current monitoring sensor is composed of a toroidal current transformer core. A zero-sequence current transformer and a control line are used to jointly control whether a grounding leakage fault occurs. The live and neutral wires of the control line pass through the toroidal current transformer core simultaneously. When there is no grounding leakage, the magnetic fields of the toroidal current transformer core cancel each other out, and the current monitoring sensor detects zero current. When there is leakage, the residual current induces a voltage signal, and the current monitoring sensor detects a high level, thus achieving the purpose of effective monitoring of circuit leakage.

[0044] During this process, monitoring sensors and control lines are used together to control whether the pantograph remains in an on / off state. Current and voltage monitoring sensors work together to detect the normal operating voltage and current values ​​of the electrically controlled valve. The current monitoring sensor transmits the collected signals to the MCU intelligent module for calculation, analysis, judgment, and processing. When the monitored data is abnormal, an abnormal data prompt is displayed on the screen module, and an alarm is issued simultaneously. When the monitored data is normal, the display module shows no data and no alarm is issued. This achieves the monitoring function of the control circuit and control electrical appliances, thereby resolving potential abnormal actions in the pantograph's circuit control.

[0045] The software system includes a display module installed inside the driver's cab for the driver's use and observation, equipped with an internal LORA wireless receiver module; an MCU smart module with a built-in LORA gateway interconnected and controlled by the hardware module; an MCU smart module power processing circuit, a data storage module, and a 4G wireless transmission module connected to the MCU smart module; a mobile APP and a computer connected to the display module; a screen display module power processing circuit connected to the display module; a LORA wireless network transmission module connected to the display module; a solid-state battery connected to the LORA wireless network transmission module; and a sensor acquisition module; the LORA wireless network transmission module includes a LORA gateway and multiple pantograph information modules connected to the LORA gateway; signal transmission between the mobile APP, computer, and display module all uses wireless network data transmission.

[0046] The LoRa wireless network transmission module includes a first LoRa wireless network transmission module, a second LoRa wireless network transmission module, a third LoRa wireless network transmission module, a fourth LoRa wireless network transmission module, a fifth LoRa wireless network transmission module, a sixth LoRa wireless network transmission module, and a seventh LoRa wireless network transmission module; the solid-state battery includes a first solid-state battery, a second solid-state battery, a third solid-state battery, a fourth solid-state battery, a fifth solid-state battery, a sixth solid-state battery, and a seventh solid-state battery.

[0047] The MCU intelligent module includes a main control MCU module, a pressure detection IC module, a transmission machinery detection IC module, and an electric valve detection IO interface module connected to the input terminals of the main control MCU module; an analysis and processing module connected to the output terminals of the main control MCU module; a current anomaly module and a wireless module connected to the analysis and processing module; a display module interconnected with the wireless module; a pressure anomaly module and a valve anomaly module interconnected with the current anomaly module; and an alarm device module; the alarm device module and the display module are interconnected.

[0048] In the technical solution of this application, one end of the automatic screen removal device is connected to the conductive slide rail 201 via an air supply pipe, and the other end of the automatic screen removal device is connected to the input end of the buffer valve via an air supply pipe. The output end of the buffer valve is connected to the input end of the electrically controlled valve via an air supply pipe, the output end of the electrically controlled valve is connected to the input end of the door interlock valve via an air supply pipe, the output end of the door interlock valve is connected to the input end of the regulating valve via an air supply pipe, and the output end of the regulating valve is connected to the input end of the pressure tank via an air supply pipe, forming a pneumatic monitoring circuit.

[0049] One end of the transmission cylinder 7 is connected to the output end of the automatic disconnection device via an air supply pipe, and the other end of the transmission cylinder 7 is connected to the transmission rod insulator 6 via an air supply pipe. The mating bolt 9 is installed between the transmission cylinder 7 and the transmission rod insulator 6. The upper end of the transmission rod insulator 6 is connected to the displacement insulator 5 via an air supply pipe, and the adjusting bolt 8 is installed between the displacement insulator 5 and the transmission rod insulator 6. The upper end of the displacement insulator 5 is connected to the transmission arm 4, and the transmission arm 4 is connected to the damper rod 3. The air leakage monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission cylinder 7, and the displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission rod insulator 6, forming a mechanical component monitoring circuit.

[0050] An electrically controlled valve, a current sensor connected to the electrically controlled valve, and a zero-sequence current transformer connected to the current sensor form the control circuit. Thus, the intelligent monitoring system of this invention is formed through a display module, an MCU intelligent module, a pneumatic monitoring circuit, a mechanical component monitoring circuit, and the control circuit.

[0051] In the pneumatic monitoring circuit, a second air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the door interlock valve. The data acquired by the second air pressure monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through a second LoRa wireless network transmission module. A first air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the buffer valve. The data acquired by the first air pressure monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through a first LoRa wireless network transmission module.

[0052] In the mechanical component monitoring circuit, a leakage monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission cylinder. The data acquired by the leakage monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module via a third LoRa wireless network transmission module. A displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission rod insulator. The data acquired by this displacement monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module via a fourth LoRa wireless network transmission module. A tension monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the suspension rod. The data acquired by this tension monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module via a seventh LoRa wireless network transmission module.

[0053] In the control circuit, a current monitoring sensor is installed at the input terminal of the electric valve. The data acquired by the current monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the fifth LORA wireless network transmission module.

[0054] In use, the system first obtains data from the hardware through the air pressure detection IC module, transmission machinery detection IC module, and electric control valve detection IO interface module. The obtained data is then sent to the main control MCU module, which in turn sends the data to the analysis and processing module. After analysis, calculation, comparison, and processing by the analysis and processing module, the processed results are then sent to the display module.

[0055] If abnormal data is detected in the data processed by the analysis module, the abnormal data is transmitted to the current anomaly module, which in turn transmits it to the alarm device module. The alarm device module then activates the alarm and simultaneously sends an alarm command to the wireless module, which in turn notifies the display module to show the alarm signal.

[0056] If the data information processed by the analysis and processing module is found to be normal, a data command is sent to the wireless module to notify the display module to display the normal data information.

[0057] In the pneumatic monitoring circuit, the conductive slide rail 201 and the automatic disconnection device are connected by an air supply pipe. When the automatic disconnection device disengages from the conductive slide rail 201, the first air pressure monitoring sensor will not detect current data, indicating an abnormality in the monitored data. When the monitored data is abnormal, the MCU intelligent module displays an abnormal data prompt on the display module and simultaneously issues an alarm. When the monitored data is normal, the MCU intelligent module causes the display module to display no data and does not issue an alarm. This achieves the monitoring function of the control circuit and control electrical components, and resolves potential abnormal actions in the pantograph's circuit control.

[0058] A leakage detection sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission cylinder 7. This leakage detection sensor is interconnected with the MCU intelligent module via a wireless network. The leakage detection sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission cylinder 7; a cylinder diaphragm plate is installed inside the transmission cylinder 7. If the cylinder diaphragm plate is not worn or damaged, there is no leakage inside the transmission cylinder 7; if the cylinder diaphragm plate is worn or damaged, there is leakage inside the transmission cylinder 7; the presence of cylinder leakage constitutes a transmission leakage fault. If the leakage monitoring sensor detects that the leakage pressure of the transmission cylinder 7 exceeds the threshold, the sensor sends a signal to the MCU intelligent module. After calculation, analysis, comparison, processing, and judgment by the MCU intelligent module, if a leakage fault is detected, the data is transmitted wirelessly to the display module, showing information about the transmission cylinder leakage caused by a damaged or worn template, for operational reference and use. If no leakage fault is detected, no information is displayed on the display module. Thus, effective monitoring of whether the transmission cylinder is leaking is achieved. Simultaneously, within the entire gas pipeline, between the gas passages and valves, such as pressure regulating valves, interlock valves, electrically controlled valves, buffer valves, automatic disconnection devices, and the gas pipeline itself, a pressure monitoring sensor module is installed at the output end of both the interlock valve and the buffer valve to achieve real-time monitoring of the pressure data throughout the entire gas pipeline.

[0059] When a gas pipeline leaks and causes low pressure, the gas pressure monitoring sensors transmit real-time data to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and determines the appropriate action. If the pressure data is low at a control valve in a certain section of the pipeline or at a specific location within the pipeline, the MCU intelligent module transmits the data wirelessly to the display module inside the driver's cab. The display module shows the pressure data and promptly predicts potential faults to avoid the risk of automatic pantograph lowering. This achieves effective monitoring of the pressure throughout the entire gas pipeline.

[0060] The displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the interface between the displacement insulator 6 and the adjusting bolt 9. It is mainly used to monitor whether the connection of the displacement insulator 6 is loose or misaligned. When the displacement monitoring sensor detects a misalignment or loosening of the displacement insulator 6, it sends a data signal to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and judges the action. If the displacement insulator 6 is misaligned or loose, the MCU intelligent module immediately transmits the data signal wirelessly to the display module, showing the abnormal displacement fault information of the displacement insulator 6. If the displacement insulator 6 is not misaligned or loose, no abnormal information will appear on the display module. Thus, the connection monitoring function of the displacement insulator 6 is realized.

[0061] The second air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the buffer valve to read relevant data from the buffer valve for reference by the MCU intelligent module. The second air pressure monitoring sensor is also installed at the output end of the electrically controlled valve to read relevant data from the electrically controlled valve for reference by the MCU intelligent module. Finally, the second air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the door interlock valve to read relevant data from the door interlock valve for reference by the MCU intelligent module.

[0062] The tension monitoring sensor is installed between the lifting spring and the spring adjusting bolt, mainly used to monitor for spring breakage or insufficient tension. When the tension monitoring sensor detects spring breakage or insufficient tension, it transmits the sensed data signal to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and judges the fault. If the spring is broken or the tension is insufficient, the MCU intelligent module immediately transmits the sensed data signal to the display module via a wireless transmission module, displaying the spring breakage fault information. If the spring tension data is normal, no abnormal information is displayed on the display module. Thus, the monitoring function of spring tension or breakage is realized.

[0063] In operation, sensor modules are first installed at designated locations on various valves within the pantograph body and hardware module. Data is then collected by the sensor acquisition module and transmitted wirelessly to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module and hardware module work together to acquire various data. The analyzed data is then transmitted to the current anomaly module, which in turn transmits the abnormal data to the alarm module, triggering an alarm. Simultaneously, an alarm command is sent to the wireless module, instructing the display module to show the abnormal fault alarm signal. This process effectively monitors for faults in the locomotive pantograph, such as abnormal air pressure, circuit control malfunctions, or loose mechanical transmission components.

[0064] The hardware module described in this case adopts an integrated modular design, which has moisture-proof and vibration-resistant capabilities, multi-source data integration processing and high-speed transmission functions, efficiently processes various transmission data, and has anti-interference identification technology to ensure accurate and reliable data transmission.

[0065] The wireless module described in this case is constructed using wireless communication technology. This module enables short-range wireless transceiver technology, wireless pairing technology, and replaces wired connections between communication devices. Operating on the 2.4GHz ISM band, it supports point-to-point and multi-point communication modes, enabling seamless connections between different devices. It achieves a transmission rate of up to 3Mbps using a 5.3GHz frequency band, extending the effective range to 300 meters. The wireless module employs frequency hopping spread spectrum technology, switching frequency channels 1600 times per second, effectively avoiding signal interference from devices such as Wi-Fi. The physical layer uses Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) modulation, supporting three transmit power levels and dividing the time dimension into 625μs time slots. The master device controls the communication timing, and slave devices respond in designated time slots, forming a time-division duplex transmission mechanism. The internal communication protocol of the wireless module includes a radio frequency layer responsible for wireless signal processing, a baseband layer managing physical link establishment and data packet assembly, a logical link control layer (L2CAP) implementing protocol multiplexing and data segmentation, and an application layer including protocols such as RFCOMM and Service Discovery (SDP). The new Attribute Protocol Layer (ATT) and General Attribute Specification (GATT) for Low Energy (BLE) support low-power application environments such as heart rate monitoring.

[0066] The intelligent monitoring system in this case transmits Advertisement Data containing a UUID via a broadcast channel. Surrounding devices scan and initiate connection requests upon detection. The pairing process uses Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) to generate a shared key, supporting MITM-protected digital comparison and out-of-band authentication. PIN code authentication is used, while BLE introduces LE Secure Connections to provide AES-128 encrypted transmission, and the production key ensures data security.

[0067] The intelligent monitoring system in this case features real-time pantograph status display, historical data query, and fault diagnosis. It displays the real-time pantograph operating status, predicts potential faults through historical data analysis, and utilizes expert systems and machine learning algorithms to quickly pinpoint the cause of faults. The display interface is intuitive and user-friendly, presenting data in charts and graphs for easy viewing and analysis by operators. It also supports mobile access for remote monitoring. Employing advanced wireless information receiving technology, it possesses data parsing, intelligent analysis, and calculation capabilities, as well as graphical decomposition functions, enabling comprehensive and accurate pantograph status display and intelligent management, thus enhancing the security and reliability of the data system.

[0068] The preferred embodiments of the invention described above with reference to the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection and substantive rights of the invention shall be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph, comprising a locomotive pantograph body, a hardware module for acquiring data information directly mounted on the locomotive pantograph body, and a software system that works in conjunction with the hardware module; characterized in that: The hardware module includes an automatic net removal device connected to the conductive slide plate, a buffer valve and a transmission cylinder connected to the output end of the automatic net removal device, an electric control valve connected to the output end of the buffer valve, a door interlock valve connected to the output end of the electric control valve, a pressure regulating valve connected to the output end of the door interlock valve, and a pressure tank connected to the output end of the pressure regulating valve. The transmission rod insulator connected to the output end of the transmission cylinder, the mating bolt connecting the transmission cylinder and the transmission rod insulator, the displacement insulator connected to the upper end of the transmission rod insulator, the adjusting bolt connecting the transmission rod insulator and the displacement insulator, the transmission arm connected to the upper end of the displacement insulator, and the damper rod connected to the upper end of the transmission arm; and sensor modules respectively installed on the upper end of the transmission cylinder, the upper end of the transmission rod insulator, the input end of the buffer valve, and the input end of the door interlock valve; the conductive slide plate, the automatic netting device, the buffer valve, the electric control valve, the door interlock valve, the pressure regulating valve, and the pressure tank are all connected to each other by air supply pipes; The sensor module includes a leak detection sensor, a displacement detection sensor, a pressure detection sensor, a tension detection sensor, a current detection sensor, a zero-sequence current transformer, and a LORA wireless transmission module; the first and second pressure detection sensors are collectively referred to as pressure detection sensors, and the leak detection sensor, displacement detection sensor, pressure detection sensor, tension detection sensor, current detection sensor, and zero-sequence current transformer all transmit data wirelessly. The software system includes a display module installed inside the driver's cab for the driver's use and observation, equipped with an internal LORA wireless receiver module; an MCU smart module with a built-in LORA gateway interconnected and controlled by the hardware module; an MCU smart module power processing circuit, a data storage module, and a 4G wireless transmission module connected to the MCU smart module; a mobile APP and a computer main unit connected to the display module; a screen display module power processing circuit connected to the display module; a LORA wireless network transmission module connected to the display module; a solid-state battery connected to the LORA wireless network transmission module; and a sensor acquisition module; the LORA wireless network transmission module includes a LORA gateway and multiple pantograph information modules connected to the LORA gateway; signal transmission between the mobile APP, computer main unit, and display module all uses wireless network data transmission. The LoRa wireless network transmission module includes a first LoRa wireless network transmission module, a second LoRa wireless network transmission module, a third LoRa wireless network transmission module, a fourth LoRa wireless network transmission module, a fifth LoRa wireless network transmission module, a sixth LoRa wireless network transmission module, and a seventh LoRa wireless network transmission module; the solid-state battery includes a first solid-state battery, a second solid-state battery, a third solid-state battery, a fourth solid-state battery, a fifth solid-state battery, a sixth solid-state battery, and a seventh solid-state battery. The airflow starts from the pressure tank, passes through the pressure regulating valve, door interlock valve, electric control valve, buffer valve, and automatic screen disconnection device, and arrives at the conductive slide plate, forming a pneumatic monitoring circuit. Starting from the transmission cylinder, the circuit passes through the connecting bolt, transmission rod insulator, adjusting bolt, displacement insulator, transmission arm, and finally to the damper rod, forming a mechanical component monitoring circuit. The electric control valve, current sensor, and zero-sequence current transformer form a control circuit. In the pneumatic monitoring circuit, a second air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the door interlock valve. The data acquired by the second air pressure monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the second LORA wireless network transmission module. A first air pressure monitoring sensor is installed at the output end of the buffer valve. The data acquired by the first air pressure monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the first LORA wireless network transmission module. In the mechanical component monitoring circuit, a leakage monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission cylinder. The data acquired by the leakage monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the third LoRa wireless network transmission module. A displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission rod insulator. The data acquired by the displacement monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the fourth LoRa wireless network transmission module. A tension monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the suspension rod. The data acquired by the tension monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the seventh LoRa wireless network transmission module. In the control circuit, a current monitoring sensor is installed at the input end of the electric valve. The data acquired by the current monitoring sensor is transmitted to the MCU intelligent module through the fifth LORA wireless network transmission module. The intelligent monitoring system of this case is formed by a display module, an MCU intelligent module, a pneumatic monitoring circuit, a mechanical component monitoring circuit, and a control circuit, which enables real-time monitoring of the air circuit, electrical circuit, and mechanical component actions of the locomotive pantograph.

2. The intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current monitoring sensor is composed of a toroidal current transformer core. A zero-sequence current transformer and a control line are used to jointly control whether a grounding leakage fault occurs. The live wire and the neutral wire of the control line pass through the toroidal current transformer core at the same time. When there is no grounding leakage, the magnetic fields of the toroidal current transformer core cancel each other out, so the current monitoring sensor detects zero. When there is leakage, the residual current induces a voltage signal, so the current monitoring sensor detects a high level. The system employs a combination of monitoring sensors and control lines to control whether the valve remains in an on / off state. Current and voltage monitoring sensors work together to detect the normal operating voltage and current values ​​of the electrically controlled valve. The current monitoring sensor collects signals and transmits them to the MCU intelligent module for calculation, analysis, judgment, and processing. When the monitoring data is abnormal, an abnormal data prompt is displayed on the screen module, and an alarm is issued simultaneously. When the monitoring data is normal, the display module displays no data and does not issue an alarm. This achieves the monitoring action of the control circuit.

3. The intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air leakage monitoring sensor is installed at the upper end of the transmission cylinder; a cylinder diaphragm is installed inside the transmission cylinder; if the cylinder diaphragm is not worn or damaged, there is no air leakage inside the transmission cylinder; if the cylinder diaphragm is worn or damaged, there is air leakage inside the transmission cylinder; if there is air leakage, a transmission air leakage fault occurs; if the air leakage monitoring sensor detects that the air leakage pressure of the transmission cylinder exceeds the threshold, the air leakage monitoring sensor sends a signal to the MCU intelligent module. After the MCU intelligent module calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and judges the action, if there is an air leakage fault, the data is transmitted to the display module via the wireless generation module, displaying information that the transmission cylinder is leaking due to damage or wear of the diaphragm, for operational reference and use; if there is no air leakage fault, no information is displayed on the display module; thus, by monitoring whether there is air leakage in the transmission cylinder, an effective monitoring function is achieved. At the same time, in the gas passages and valves inside the entire gas pipeline, such as pressure regulating valves, door interlock valves, electric control valves, buffer valves, automatic disconnection devices and gas pipelines, a gas pressure monitoring sensor module is installed at the output end of the door interlock valve and the output end of the buffer valve respectively to realize real-time monitoring of the pressure data in the entire gas pipeline. When a gas pipeline leaks and causes low pressure, the gas pressure monitoring sensors transmit real-time data to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and determines the appropriate action. If the pressure data is low at a control valve in a certain section of the pipeline or at a specific location within the pipeline, the MCU intelligent module transmits the data wirelessly to the display module inside the driver's cab. The display module shows the pressure data and promptly predicts potential faults to avoid the risk of automatic pantograph lowering. This achieves effective monitoring of the pressure throughout the entire gas pipeline.

4. The intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the interface between the displacement insulator and the adjusting bolt, mainly used to monitor whether there is any loosening or displacement at the joint of the displacement insulator. When the displacement monitoring sensor detects a displacement or loosening of the displacement insulator, it sends a data signal to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and judges the action. If the displacement insulator is misaligned or loose, the MCU intelligent module immediately transmits the data signal to the display module via a wireless transmission module, displaying the abnormal displacement fault information of the displacement insulator. If the displacement insulator is not misaligned or loose, no abnormal information prompt appears on the display module. Thus, the displacement insulator joint monitoring function is realized.

5. The intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension monitoring sensor is installed between the lifting spring and the spring adjusting bolt, mainly used to monitor for spring breakage or insufficient tension. When the tension monitoring sensor detects spring breakage or insufficient tension, it transmits the sensed data signal to the MCU intelligent module. The MCU intelligent module then calculates, analyzes, compares, processes, and judges the fault. If the spring is broken or the tension is insufficient, the MCU intelligent module immediately transmits the sensed data signal to the display module via a wireless transmission module, displaying the spring breakage fault information. If the spring tension data is normal, no abnormal information is displayed on the display module. Thus, the monitoring function of spring tension or breakage is realized.

6. The intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locomotive pantograph body includes a pantograph bracket, a pantograph head assembly mounted on the upper end of the pantograph bracket, and an insulating suspension assembly mounted on the top of the pantograph head assembly. The insulating suspension assembly is equipped with a pneumatic transmission mechanism that can move up and down. The pneumatic transmission mechanism includes a damper rod mounted on the lower end of the insulating suspension assembly, a transmission arm mounted on one end of the damper rod, a displacement insulator connected to the lower end of the transmission arm, a transmission rod insulator mounted on the lower end of the displacement insulator, a transmission cylinder mounted on the lower end of the transmission rod insulator, an adjusting bolt connected between the displacement insulator and the transmission rod insulator, and a mating bolt connected between the transmission rod insulator and the transmission cylinder. The pantograph support includes a pantograph center hinge seat placed directly on the ground, a center push rod located at the center position on the pantograph center hinge seat, upper frame side rods located on both sides of the center push rod on the pantograph center hinge seat, an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod connected between the center push rod and the upper frame side rods for reinforcement, an arc connecting rod located at the middle position between the two upper frame side rods, and a support rod connector for connecting the upper end of the upper frame side rods to the pantograph head assembly. The bow head assembly includes a bow head body directly connected to the top of the side rod of the upper frame, and conductive sliding plates installed on the upper and lower sides of the bow head body; The insulated suspension assembly includes a first insulator at the top of the central push rod, suspension rods at both ends of the central push rod, tension monitoring sensors at both ends of the top of the suspension rods, a lifting spring mounted on the suspension rods, a spring adjusting bolt mounted at the intersection of the top of the suspension rods and the central push rod, an insulated transverse rod mounted at the lower end of the suspension rods, a second insulator and a third insulator at both ends of the insulated transverse rods, and a suspension connecting rod mounted on the insulated transverse rods and connected to the damper rod.

7. The intelligent monitoring device for a pantograph according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU intelligent module includes a main control MCU module, a pneumatic pressure detection IC module, a transmission machinery detection IC module, and an electric valve detection IO interface module, all connected to the input terminals of the main control MCU module; and an analysis and processing module connected to the output terminals of the main control MCU module. A current anomaly module and a wireless module are respectively connected to the analysis and processing module; a display module is interconnected with the wireless module; a pressure anomaly module, a valve anomaly module, and an alarm device module are respectively interconnected with the current anomaly module; the alarm device module is interconnected with the display module. In use, the system first obtains data information from the hardware through the air pressure detection IC module, transmission machinery detection IC module, and electric control valve detection IO interface module. Then, the obtained data information is sent to the main control MCU module, which in turn sends the data information to the analysis and processing module. After the analysis and processing module performs analysis, calculation, comparison, and processing actions, the results processed by the analysis and processing module are then sent to the display module. If abnormal data is found in the data information after processing by the analysis module, the abnormal data is transmitted to the abnormal data analysis module, which in turn transmits the abnormal data to the alarm device module. The alarm device module then triggers an alarm and simultaneously sends an alarm command to the wireless module, which in turn notifies the display module to show the alarm signal. If the data information processed by the analysis and processing module is found to be normal, a data command is sent to the wireless module to notify the display module to display the normal data information.

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