Mud flat type seawall structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of beach protection, and discloses a beach type seawall structure which comprises a seawall, a wave-resistant facility, a beach area, a beach protection bar and a plurality of biological channels. The wave-resistant facility comprises a protection slope and a slope toe, the protection slope is arranged on the slope surface of the waterside of the seawall, and the slope toe is arranged at the bottom end of the protection slope; one end of the beach area is connected with the slope toe, and the other end is connected with the beach protection bar; a first biological channel is arranged in the slope toe, a second biological channel is arranged in the beach area, a third biological channel is arranged in the beach protection bar, and the first biological channel, the second biological channel and the third biological channel are sequentially communicated. According to the wave-proof beach protection device, the slope toe, the beach area and the beach protection bar are communicated through the multiple biological channels besides the wave-proof and beach protection basic functions, the biological channels can provide living and activity spaces for organisms, the aquatic organisms can move among the seawall, the beach area and the ocean along with rising tide and falling tide, isolation among the seawall, the beach area and the ocean is eliminated, and the service life of the seawall, the beach area and the beach protection bar is prolonged. The biological diversity can be enriched, and good ecological benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tidal flat protection technology, specifically to a tidal flat seawall structure. Background Technology

[0002] Most tidal flats are formed under the influence of tides. When tidal waves move from deep water to shallow water, the tidal range increases and the tidal current strengthens. The rising tide carries fine-grained sediments toward land. In addition, the fine-grained sediments that were originally deposited on the tidal flats are exposed, dried, and solidified after the tide recedes. Negative tides cannot wash away the sediments deposited during spring tides, causing fine-grained sediments to continuously accumulate on the upper part of the tidal flat, pushing the tidal flats to gradually expand outwards to form tidal flats.

[0003] Mudflats are an important component of marine ecosystems, protecting coastlines from erosion by wind and waves. They also serve as the starting point of the coastal wetland food chain, providing habitats for various organisms and maintaining coastal ecological balance. However, due to natural factors and human intervention, mudflats are disappearing on a large scale, accompanied by the erosion of natural coastlines. This not only leads to a decline in the biodiversity of mudflat wetlands but also reduces their carbon sequestration and absorption capacity.

[0004] Currently constructed tidal flat seawall structures mostly employ methods such as building longitudinal dikes in the water at a certain distance from the shore to reduce wave energy and promote sediment deposition, or constructing groynes at an angle to the seawall's direction to divert water away from the shore and intercept suspended sediment to achieve beach protection. Simultaneously, rigid revetments and breakwaters are built between the tidal flat and the seawall crest to withstand storm surge impacts. However, this type of tidal flat seawall structure isolates the connection between the seawall and the tidal flat, as well as between the tidal flat and the ocean. After the tide recedes, aquatic life cannot return to the tidal flat or the ocean, resulting in poor ecological benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a tidal flat seawall structure to solve the problem that existing tidal flat seawall structures isolate the connection between "seawall-tidal flat" and "tidal flat-ocean", and that aquatic organisms cannot return to the tidal flat or ocean after the tide recedes, resulting in poor ecological benefits.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tidal flat seawall structure, comprising:

[0007] seawall;

[0008] The wave-breaking facility includes: a slope protection and a slope toe, wherein the slope protection is provided on the water-facing side of the seawall, and the slope toe is provided at the bottom end of the slope protection;

[0009] A mudflat area, one end of which is connected to the toe of the slope;

[0010] A beach protection dam, which is connected to the other end of the tidal flat area;

[0011] Multiple biological channels are provided, with a first biological channel set in the toe of the slope, a second biological channel set in the tidal flat area, and a third biological channel set in the beach protection dam, and the first biological channel, the second biological channel, and the third biological channel are connected in sequence.

[0012] Beneficial effects

[0013] In addition to fulfilling the basic functions of wave protection and beach protection, this type of tidal flat seawall structure connects the slope toe, tidal flat area, and beach protection bar by setting up multiple biological channels. These biological channels provide space for organisms to live and move around. Aquatic organisms can move between the seawall, tidal flat, and ocean with the tides, eliminating the isolation between the seawall, tidal flat, and ocean. This enriches the biodiversity of the tidal flat seawall structure and has good ecological benefits.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the slope protection includes: a fence layer and a gabion stone layer, the gabion stone layer being disposed on the slope surface, the fence layer being disposed on the gabion stone layer, and a fourth biological channel being disposed between the fence layer and the gabion stone layer, the fourth biological channel being connected to the first biological channel.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] The fourth biochannel can also create space for biological activity, promote the exchange of substances between terrestrial and aquatic organisms, and help build a diverse ecosystem.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the fence layer includes a plurality of fence members arranged adjacent to each other along a first direction and / or a second direction, the first direction being along the extension direction of the seawall and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. Each fence member includes a frame and a plurality of ribs spaced apart within the frame, with planting bags disposed between adjacent ribs.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] Planting bags can be used to grow plants, which can coexist and thrive with terrestrial and aquatic organisms, forming a stable ecosystem and generating good ecological benefits.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the gabion layer includes: concrete embankments and first gabion mesh mattresses, multiple rows of the concrete embankments are spaced apart along the first direction, and a row of first gabion mesh mattresses is disposed between two adjacent rows of concrete embankments. The fence members are disposed on the concrete embankments and together with the first gabion mesh mattresses, form the fourth biological passage.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the slope foot includes: a first gabion cage and a second gabion cage mattress, two rows of the first gabion cages are spaced apart along the second direction, and the first gabion cages are provided with the first biological passage, a row of the second gabion cage mattresses is provided between the two rows of the first gabion cages, and an ecological planting trough is provided on the second gabion cage mattresses.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the tidal flat area includes retaining walls spaced apart on the tidal flat along the first direction, and the retaining walls include a plurality of second gabion cages arranged sequentially along the second direction, each of the second gabion cages being provided with a second biological passage.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the beach is planted with vegetation and has multiple deep pools and shallow beaches, with sand and pebbles in the deep pools and shallow beaches.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] Planting vegetation and creating pools and shoals of varying depths can reduce the bottom flow velocity during tidal movement, reduce water erosion of the tidal flats, and provide habitats for birds, fish, and other species, thus creating diverse habitats.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the beach protection dam includes: a core and a facing, wherein the third biological passage is provided on the core and the facing is provided on the outside of the core.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the tidal flat seawall structure further includes a wave-damping and erosion-prevention zone disposed on the side of the beach protection bar away from the tidal flat area. The wave-damping and erosion-prevention zone includes: a toe, a bottom protection, a group of tidal blocks, an artificial reef group, and a frame-type artificial reef group. The toe is connected to the beach protection bar, and the bottom protection is connected to the toe. The tidal blocks, the artificial reef group, and the frame-type artificial reef group are disposed on the top surface of the bottom protection, with the tidal blocks located at the end of the bottom protection away from the beach protection bar, and the frame-type artificial reef group located at the end of the bottom protection closer to the beach protection bar. The artificial reef group is disposed between the tidal blocks and the frame-type artificial reef group.

[0028] Beneficial effects

[0029] By setting up wave-damping and scour-prevention zones, the kinetic energy of water flow can be reduced, thus minimizing the impact of water flow on the dam.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the wave protection facility further includes a wave-breaking wall, which is disposed on the top of the seawall, and a fine stone concrete filling layer is provided between the bottom end of the wave-breaking wall and the top end of the slope protection. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a front view of the tidal flat seawall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a top view of the tidal flat seawall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wave protection facilities in the tidal flat seawall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slope protection in the tidal flat seawall structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fence component in the tidal flat seawall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining dam in the tidal flat seawall structure of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1. Wave protection facilities; 11. Slope protection; 111. Fence layer; 1111. Fence components; 11111. Frame; 11112. Rib beam; 1112. Planting bag; 112. Gabion stone layer; 1121. Concrete grid embankment; 1122. First gabion mattress; 1123. First crushed stone mattress layer; 1124. First geotextile; 12. Slope toe; 121. First gabion; 122. Second gabion mattress; 123. Ecological planting trough; 124. Second crushed stone mattress layer; 125. Second geotextile layer; 13. Wave protection wall; 14. Fine stone concrete filling layer.

[0040] 2. Tidal flats, 21. Dam, 22. Second gabion, 23. Vegetation, 24. Deep pool, 25. Shallow beach;

[0041] 3. Beach protection dam; 31. Embankment core; 32. Facing surface; 33. Third crushed stone layer;

[0042] 41. First biological channel; 42. Second biological channel; 43. Third biological channel; 44. Fourth biological channel;

[0043] 51. Footing, 52. Bottom protection, 53. Twisted rock formations, 54. Artificial reef formations, 55. Framed artificial reef formations;

[0044] 6. The sum of design high tide level, safety freeboard, and wave rise;

[0045] 7. Design the high tide level;

[0046] 8. Average high tide level over many years;

[0047] 9. Multi-year average tide level;

[0048] 10. Multi-year average low tide level. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0053] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, a tidal flat seawall structure is provided, comprising: a seawall, a wave-breaking facility 1, a tidal flat area 2, a beach protection barrier 3, and multiple biological channels. The wave-breaking facility 1 includes: a slope protection 11 and a slope toe 12. The slope protection 11 is disposed on the water-facing side of the seawall, and the slope toe 12 is disposed at the bottom end of the slope protection 11. One end of the tidal flat area 2 is connected to the slope toe 12. The beach protection barrier 3 is connected to the other end of the tidal flat area 2. A first biological channel 41 is disposed in the slope toe 12, a second biological channel 42 is disposed in the tidal flat area 2, and a third biological channel 43 is disposed in the beach protection barrier 3, and the first biological channel 41, the second biological channel 42, and the third biological channel 43 are sequentially connected.

[0055] The revetment 11 is located on the water-facing side of the seawall, covering the slope surface to prevent soil slippage and thus stabilizing the slope and preventing erosion. The toe 12 is located at the bottom of the revetment 11, abutting against it, serving as the foundation support and a crucial structure to prevent slope instability. The other side of the toe 12 is the tidal flat area 2, a transitional zone between land and sea. Tidal flat area 2 provides habitat for various shellfish, birds, fish, and other organisms, boasting rich biodiversity. It also absorbs nutrients, purifies the water, and slows the entry of sediment carried by the water flow into the ocean, protecting the coastline from erosion. The retaining wall 3 is located on the water-facing side of tidal flat area 2 away from the seawall. The main function of the retaining wall 3 is to resist erosion, scouring, or sedimentation caused by natural forces such as waves, tides, and runoff, maintaining the stability of the tidal flat's morphology. Furthermore, a first biological channel 41 is provided in the toe 12, a second biological channel 42 in tidal flat area 2, and a third biological channel 43 in retaining wall 3. Biological corridors are spaces for organisms to inhabit and move around. Aquatic organisms can move between the first biological corridor 41, the second biological corridor 42, and the third biological corridor 43 with the rise and fall of the tide, realizing biological activities and material exchange between different areas of the seawall-tidal flat-ocean, eliminating the isolation between the seawall-tidal flat-ocean, enriching the biodiversity in the tidal flat-seawall structure, and generating good ecological benefits.

[0056] In one embodiment, the wave protection facility 1 further includes a wave protection wall 13, which is installed on the top of the seawall, and a fine stone concrete filling layer 14 is provided between the bottom of the wave protection wall 13 and the top of the slope protection 11.

[0057] Specifically, the breakwater 13 is a C35 (concrete strength grade) reinforced concrete structure. Its top elevation must exceed the sum of the design high tide level, safety freeboard, and wave run-up by 6 to meet the seawall's function of preventing tides and waves. The seawall 13 connects to the road on the top of the seawall on its back side and to the slope 11 on its seaward side. The top of the seaward side has an eagle-beak-shaped structure, which can weaken waves and reduce the impact of waves on the wall through wave breaking and diversion.

[0058] Furthermore, a fine stone concrete filling layer 14 is also filled between the bottom of the wave wall 13 and the top of the slope protection 11, which can improve the seepage prevention performance at the joint between the wave wall 13 and the slope protection 11.

[0059] In some embodiments, the slope protection 11 includes: a fence layer 111 and a gabion stone layer 112, the gabion stone layer 112 being disposed on the slope surface, the fence layer 111 being disposed on the gabion stone layer 112, and a fourth biological channel 44 being disposed between the fence layer 111 and the gabion stone layer 112, the fourth biological channel 44 being connected to the first biological channel 41.

[0060] Specifically, the slope ratio of the slope protection 11 is no steeper than 1:3, and the top is located above the design high tide level 7. The slope protection 11 has a two-layer structure. The upper layer (fence layer 111) is a erosion and wave-dissipating structure, and the lower layer (gabion stone layer 112) is a slope stabilization and erosion prevention structure. A fourth biological passage 44 is set between the two layers (fence layer 111 and gabion stone layer 112), which can also provide habitat for organisms.

[0061] In one embodiment, the fence layer 111 includes a plurality of fence members 1111 arranged adjacent to each other along a first direction and / or a second direction. The first direction is the extension direction of the seawall, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Each fence member 1111 includes a frame 11111 and a plurality of ribs 11112 spaced apart within the frame 11111. Planting bags 1112 are arranged between adjacent ribs 11112.

[0062] First direction and second direction as follows Figure 2 As shown, the first direction is the extension direction of the seawall, and the second direction is the direction in which the seawall extends to the ocean. The fence layer 111 includes multiple fence elements 1111, which are densely arranged in rows and columns. Specifically, as... Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment has fourteen fence components 1111 arranged in seven rows and two columns. Of course, this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on the arrangement and quantity of the fence components 1111, and can be adjusted according to the size of the fence layer 111.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, each fence component 1111 includes a frame 11111 and multiple ribs 11112. The frame 11111 is square-shaped, with multiple ribs 11112 spaced apart in the middle. Both the frame 11111 and the ribs 11112 are made of reinforced concrete. The ribs 11112 create multiple gaps in the middle of the frame 11111, and planting bags 1112 can be placed at the corresponding gaps. The planting bags 1112 are made of corrosion-resistant modified polypropylene material, which has good anti-aging properties, and the planting bags 1112 should contain at least 400mm of topsoil, suitable for planting plants 23.

[0064] In one embodiment, the gabion layer 112 includes: concrete grid ridges 1121 and first gabion mesh mattresses 1122. Multiple rows of concrete grid ridges 1121 are spaced apart along a first direction. A row of first gabion mesh mattresses 1122 is provided between two adjacent rows of concrete grid ridges 1121. Fence members 1111 are provided on the concrete grid ridges 1121 and together with the first gabion mesh mattresses 1122, they form a fourth biological passage 44.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, two rows of concrete gratings 1121 are set on both sides of each row of first gabion mattresses 1122. The concrete gratings 1121 are C30 plain concrete gratings, and their height is greater than the thickness of the first gabion mattress 1122. For example, in this embodiment, the height of the first gabion mattress 1122 is 300mm, and the height of the concrete gratings 1121 is 400mm. Planting bags 1112 are placed on the first gabion mattresses 1122, and their bottom elevation is the same as that of the first gabion mattresses 1122. The two ends of each frame 11111 are set on two adjacent concrete gratings 1121. The first gabion mattresses 1122 and the fence members 1111 can be enclosed to form a fourth biological passage 44, which can serve as a space for the habitat and activities of tidal flat and marine organisms.

[0066] Furthermore, a 100mm thick first crushed stone cushion layer 1123 is laid at the bottom of the concrete grid 1121 and the first gabion mattress 1122, which can play a role in leveling and preventing erosion. A first geotextile 1124 is laid under the first crushed stone cushion layer 1123 to prevent water from passing through the fence 1111 and directly carrying away the crushed stone, damaging the slope, and at the same time preventing soil erosion.

[0067] In one embodiment, the slope foot 12 includes: a first gabion cage 121 and a second gabion cage mattress 122, two rows of first gabion cages 121 are spaced apart along a second direction, and a first biological passage 41 is provided in the first gabion cage 121, a row of second gabion cage mattresses 122 is provided between the two rows of first gabion cages 121, and an ecological planting trough 123 is provided on the second gabion cage mattresses 122.

[0068] like Figure 3As shown, the height of the slope toe 12 needs to exceed the average high tide level 8 over many years to prevent the seawall slope from being constantly eroded by water flow. Along the second direction, a row of first gabion cages 121, a row of second gabion mattresses 122, and another row of first gabion cages 121 are sequentially arranged. Both the gabion cages and gabion mattresses are made of gabion mesh filled with stones, the main difference being their thickness. In this embodiment, the height of the first gabion cage 121 is 1000mm, and the height of the second gabion mattress 122 is 300mm. An ecological planting trough 123 is set in the space enclosed by the two rows of first gabion cages 121 and the row of second gabion mattresses 122. This trough can be prefabricated using materials such as galvanized steel plates or aluminum alloy plates, filled with topsoil, allowing for the planting of plants 23 while also providing support for the second gabion mattresses 122 to prevent displacement.

[0069] A first biological passage 41 is provided in the first gabion cage 121. In this embodiment, the first biological passage 41 is a pipe with a diameter of 100mm. The pipe material can be ecological clay pipe or modified PP, PE pipe, etc., with internal roughening treatment to facilitate biological passage. The pipe is inclined in the first gabion cage 121 and fixedly connected to the gabion mesh. One end of the pipe in the inner first gabion cage 121 is connected to the fourth biological passage 44, and the other end is located above the ecological planting trough 123. One end of the pipe in the outer first gabion cage 121 is located above the ecological planting trough 123, and the other end extends to the top surface of the first gabion cage 121. The first biological passage 41 connects the slope protection 11 and the tidal flat area 2, allowing for biological migration.

[0070] Furthermore, a second crushed stone layer 124 is provided at the bottom of the first gabion 121 and the second gabion mattress 122, and a second geotextile layer 125 is provided under the second crushed stone layer 124.

[0071] In one embodiment, the tidal flat area 2 includes retaining walls 21 spaced apart on the tidal flat along a first direction. Each retaining wall 21 includes a plurality of second gabion cages 22 arranged sequentially along a second direction. Each second gabion cage 22 is provided with a second biological passage 42.

[0072] The mudflat area 2 primarily serves to prevent erosion and protect the beach, while also providing habitats and foraging grounds for organisms. Specifically, the mudflat area 2 has multiple retaining walls 21 on the beach surface, with multiple second gabion cages 22 arranged sequentially along a second direction within each retaining wall 21. In this embodiment, the retaining wall 21 has upper and lower layers, with two second gabion cages 22 in each layer. The lower layer of second gabion cages 22 is buried below the beach surface, while the upper layer's second gabion cages 22 extend above the beach surface. Each upper layer of second gabion cage 22 contains two second biological passages 42, which are also pipes fixedly connected to the gabion mesh. The bottom of the pipes extends above the beach surface to prevent siltation. Furthermore, the pipe diameters in different second gabion cages 22 can be unequal. The second biological passages 42 allow for biological passage between the two sides of the retaining wall 21 while also reducing wind and wave pressure.

[0073] In one embodiment, the beach surface is planted with vegetation 23, and the beach surface is provided with multiple deep pools 24 and shallow beaches 25, with sand and pebbles placed in the deep pools 24 and shallow beaches 25.

[0074] Planting 23 plants on the beach, such as reeds, salt-tolerant plants, sea buckthorn, and mangrove plants 23, can help protect and stabilize the beach, while also providing shade for organisms.

[0075] The beach surface also features deep pools 24 and shallow beaches 25 of varying sizes, depths, and shapes. The depth of deep pools 24 is 1.0–2.0 m, and the depth of shallow beaches 25 is 0.5–1.0 m. The bottoms and slopes of deep pools 24 and shallow beaches 25 are fully covered with sand and pebbles to prevent water erosion and to provide shade for benthic organisms, thus creating a diverse habitat for the tidal flat area 2.

[0076] In one embodiment, the beach protection dam 3 includes: a core 31 and a facing 32, wherein a third biological passage 43 is provided on the core 31 and the facing 32 is provided on the outside of the core 31.

[0077] The beach protection dam 3 is located in an area with frequent water level exchanges. Its core 31 is constructed of uniformly sized boulders, and the outer side of the core 31 is covered with a dry-laid boulders revetment 32 to prevent wave erosion. The slope ratio of the inner and outer slopes of the revetment 32 is not less than 1:3, and the thickness of the revetment 32 on the leeward side can be less than that on the seaward side. In this embodiment, the thickness of the revetment 32 on the leeward side is 500 mm, and the thickness of the revetment 32 on the seaward side is 1000 mm. The third biological passage 43 also uses pipes, with multiple pipes spaced apart in the core 31, and the pipe diameters can be different. The elevation of the leeward end of the pipe is lower than that of the seaward end, while the elevation of the leeward end of the pipe is more than 150 mm higher than the beach surface, and the elevation of the seaward end is 100 mm above the multi-year average tide level. This allows organisms to pass between the beach surface and the ocean, while the beach surface retains a certain amount of water after the tide recedes.

[0078] Furthermore, a third layer of crushed stone 33 is laid around the third biological passage 43 to support the pipe and prevent uneven settlement from cracking the pipe.

[0079] In one embodiment, the tidal flat seawall structure further includes a wave-dissipating and erosion-preventing zone disposed on the side of the beach protection bar 3 away from the tidal flat area 2. The wave-dissipating and erosion-preventing zone includes: a toe 51, a bottom protection 52, a group of kink blocks 53, an artificial reef group 54, and a frame-type artificial reef group 55. The toe 51 is connected to the beach protection bar 3, and the bottom protection 52 is connected to the toe 51. The group of kink blocks 53, the artificial reef group 54, and the frame-type artificial reef group 55 are disposed on the top surface of the bottom protection 52. The group of kink blocks 53 is located at the end of the bottom protection 52 away from the beach protection bar 3, and the frame-type artificial reef group 55 is located at the end of the bottom protection 52 closer to the beach protection bar 3. The artificial reef group 54 is disposed between the group of kink blocks 53 and the frame-type artificial reef group 55.

[0080] The wave-damping and scour-prevention strip is mainly used to reduce the impact of wind and waves on the beach protection dam 3, disperse water flow, and prevent scouring of the foundation of the beach protection dam 3. Specifically, the toe 51 is made of reinforced concrete and is connected to the beach protection dam 3 on one side. The bottom protection 52 is connected to the other side of the toe 51 and is also made of reinforced concrete. The top elevation of the bottom protection 52 is located 10 meters below the multi-year average low tide level, approximately 600-800 mm. In this embodiment, the toe 51 is 1500 mm high and 1000 mm wide, and the bottom protection 52 is 1500 mm high and 20 m long.

[0081] Above the bottom retaining wall 52 are arranged a group of twisted blocks 53, an artificial reef group 54, and a frame-type artificial reef group 55. The twisted block group 53 is located on the side away from the beach barrier 3, the frame-type artificial reef group 55 is located on the side closer to the beach barrier 3, and the artificial reef group 54 is located between the twisted block group 53 and the frame-type artificial reef group 55. The twisted block group 53 consists of multiple twisted blocks, which can weaken the impact force of sea waves. Its irregular prismatic structure makes the entire retaining wall 32 more stable, and the gaps between the interlocking prisms can play a good wave-dissipating role. By disrupting the wave motion trajectory, it can efficiently dissipate the impact energy of sea waves and reduce the destructive force of sea waves. In the artificial reef group 54, four artificial reefs form a unit. The artificial reefs have multiple holes with different directions and diameters to guide the water flow around in the porous artificial reefs, which can break up waves and reduce the kinetic energy of water. The frame-type artificial reef group 55 comprises multiple rows of frame-type artificial reefs, which are cast together with the bottom protection 52, with a casting depth of not less than 800mm. The frame-type artificial reef group 55 can stabilize the bottom flow, smooth the water flow, and reduce the impact of the water flow on the beach protection dam 3.

[0082] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tidal flat seawall structure, characterized in that, include: seawall; The wave-breaking facility (1) includes: a slope protection (11) and a slope toe (12), wherein the slope protection (11) is provided on the water-facing slope of the seawall, and the slope toe (12) is provided at the bottom of the slope protection (11); A mudflat area (2), one end of which is connected to the toe of the slope (12); Beach protection dam (3), which is connected to the other end of the tidal flat area (2); Multiple biological channels are provided, with a first biological channel (41) in the toe of the slope (12), a second biological channel (42) in the tidal flat area (2), and a third biological channel (43) in the beach protection dam (3), and the first biological channel (41), the second biological channel (42) and the third biological channel (43) are connected in sequence.

2. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope protection (11) includes a fence layer (111) and a gabion stone layer (112). The gabion stone layer (112) is disposed on the slope surface, and the fence layer (111) is disposed on the gabion stone layer (112). A fourth biological channel (44) is provided between the fence layer (111) and the gabion stone layer (112), and the fourth biological channel (44) is connected to the first biological channel (41).

3. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fence layer (111) includes a plurality of fence members (1111) arranged adjacent to each other along a first direction and / or a second direction, the first direction being along the extension direction of the seawall and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. Each fence member (1111) includes a frame (11111) and a plurality of ribs (11112) spaced apart within the frame (11111), with planting bags (1112) arranged between adjacent ribs (11112).

4. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gabion layer (112) includes: concrete grid embankments (1121) and first gabion mesh mattresses (1122). Multiple rows of the concrete grid embankments (1121) are spaced apart along the first direction. A row of first gabion mesh mattresses (1122) is arranged between two adjacent rows of concrete grid embankments (1121). The fence members (1111) are arranged on the concrete grid embankments (1121) and together with the first gabion mesh mattresses (1122), they enclose the fourth biological passage (44).

5. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The slope foot (12) includes: a first gabion cage (121) and a second gabion cage mattress (122), two rows of the first gabion cages (121) are spaced apart along the second direction, and the first biological channel (41) is provided in the first gabion cage (121), a row of the second gabion cage mattress (122) is provided between the two rows of the first gabion cages (121), and an ecological planting trough (123) is provided on the second gabion cage mattress (122).

6. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The tidal flat area (2) includes retaining dams (21) spaced apart on the tidal flat along the first direction. Each retaining dam (21) includes a plurality of second gabion cages (22) arranged sequentially along the second direction. Each second gabion cage (22) is provided with a second biological passage (42).

7. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The beach is planted with vegetation (23), and the beach has multiple deep pools (24) and shallow beaches (25), with sand and pebbles in the deep pools (24) and shallow beaches (25).

8. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dam (3) includes a core (31) and a facing (32). The core (31) contains the third biological passage (43), and the facing (32) is located on the outside of the core (31).

9. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wave-damping and erosion-prevention zone set on the side of the beach protection bar (3) away from the tidal flat area (2). The wave-damping and erosion-prevention zone includes: a toe (51), a bottom protection (52), a group of tidal flats (53), an artificial reef group (54), and a frame-type artificial reef group (55). The toe (51) is connected to the beach protection bar (3), and the bottom protection (52) is connected to the toe (51). The tidal flats (53), the artificial reef group (54), and the frame-type artificial reef group (55) are set on the top surface of the bottom protection (52). The tidal flats (53) are located at the end of the bottom protection (52) away from the beach protection bar (3), and the frame-type artificial reef group (55) is located at the end of the bottom protection (52) close to the beach protection bar (3). The artificial reef group (54) is set between the tidal flats (53) and the frame-type artificial reef group (55).

10. The tidal flat seawall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wave protection facility (1) also includes a wave wall (13), which is set on the top of the seawall, and a fine stone concrete filling layer (14) is provided between the bottom of the wave wall (13) and the top of the slope protection (11).

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