Bridge abutment settlement deformation monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to a bridge abutment settlement deformation monitoring device and method, and belongs to the field of bridge monitoring, the bridge abutment settlement deformation monitoring device comprises two bearing frames arranged on one side of a bridge pier and a steel wire rope I arranged between the bearing frames and used for supporting a connecting support, and the top of the connecting support is provided with a monitoring mechanism; the monitoring mechanism comprises a plurality of piston cylinders adjustably arranged at the top of the connecting support, piston push rods are slidably arranged at the tops of the piston cylinders, extension rod pieces fixedly connected with the piston push rods are fixedly arranged on one side of the pier, and display sleeves are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the connecting support. The display sleeve is communicated with the piston cylinder body through a connecting pipeline and used for transmitting liquid prefabricated in the piston cylinder body, and a piston sliding block is arranged in the display sleeve in a sliding mode. The double steel wire ropes and the tension jack form an elastic supporting system to buffer vibration, the hydraulic linkage design converts tiny settlement into visual displacement, the spring reset mechanism is matched to improve data reliability, automatic reset is achieved, continuous monitoring is supported, and the monitoring range is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge monitoring technology, and relates to a bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device and monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of transportation infrastructure, the structural safety and stability of bridges directly affect traffic safety and transportation efficiency. Throughout the entire life cycle of a bridge, pier and abutment settlement is a common structural deformation problem, mainly caused by uneven foundation settlement, long-term load action, changes in geological conditions, and environmental factors (such as groundwater erosion and temperature stress). If the pier and abutment settlement exceeds the design allowable range, it may lead to defects such as beam cracking, bearing detachment, and damage to the bridge deck pavement. In severe cases, it may even cause bridge collapse accidents. Therefore, accurate monitoring of pier and abutment settlement deformation is crucial.

[0003] Currently, bridge pier settlement monitoring mainly adopts technologies such as manual leveling, automated sensor monitoring, and GNSS positioning. Manual leveling relies on professional personnel to operate level instruments and other equipment, and calculates the settlement through multiple measurements. Although it is low-cost, it suffers from low efficiency and poor real-time performance. Furthermore, it is greatly affected by human error and weather conditions, making it difficult to meet the continuous monitoring needs of large bridges or complex environments.

[0004] Automated sensor monitoring (such as hydrostatic level and fiber optic sensors) achieves automatic data acquisition by deploying sensor networks, which improves monitoring efficiency and continuity. However, these devices usually rely on electronic components and complex data transmission systems, and are prone to failure in humid, dusty, and vibrating bridge environments. In addition, the equipment is expensive and difficult to maintain, and its applicability is limited, especially in the long-term monitoring of bridges in remote areas.

[0005] GNSS positioning technology can achieve long-distance, all-weather monitoring, but its measurement accuracy is easily affected by factors such as satellite signal blockage and ionospheric interference. The error is large in densely populated urban areas or canyon bridges, and the initial investment and subsequent calibration costs are high, making it difficult to popularize in small and medium-sized bridges. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of low efficiency, poor real-time performance, susceptibility to environmental influences, high cost and difficult maintenance of the existing bridge pier settlement monitoring technology, the present invention provides a bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device and monitoring method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device includes:

[0009] Two support frames are installed on one side of the bridge pier;

[0010] Two steel wire ropes I are connected between the two support frames. One end of the steel wire rope I is fixedly connected to one of the support frames. The other support frame is equipped with a tension jack I. The other end of the steel wire rope I is fixedly connected to the output end of the tension jack I. A connecting support is fixedly sleeved on the two steel wire ropes I. A monitoring mechanism is provided on the top of the connecting support.

[0011] The monitoring mechanism includes multiple adjustable piston cylinders mounted on the top of the connecting support. A piston push rod is slidably mounted on the top of the piston cylinder. Two extension rods are fixed on one side of the pier, and the extension rods are located above the two piston cylinders on the same side.

[0012] Display sleeves are fixed on both sides of the connecting support. The display sleeves are connected to the piston cylinder through connecting pipes to transmit the pre-made liquid in the piston cylinder. A piston slider is slidably installed inside the display sleeve.

[0013] A camera lens, which is movably mounted between two support frames via a drive assembly;

[0014] When the pier settles, the extension rod pushes the piston rod downward, and the liquid in the piston cylinder flows into the display sleeve through the connecting pipe, pushing the piston slider to amplify the settlement amount. The camera lens moves to capture the position of the piston slider to record the settlement data.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0016] An adjusting rod is slidably provided through the bottom of the connecting support. The adjusting rod corresponds to the piston cylinder. A limiting component is provided inside the connecting support. The limiting component fixes the adjusting rod inside the connecting support. A suspension bracket is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the piston cylinder. The suspension bracket can be hung on the extension rod.

[0017] After the settlement monitoring is recorded, the limiting component is released from its constraint, the adjusting rod drives the piston cylinder to reset downwards, the piston push rod to reset upwards, the piston slider returns to zero, and the suspension frame hangs on the extended rod after settlement to continue monitoring with a new benchmark.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0019] The limiting component includes a steel wire rope II connected between two support frames. One end of the steel wire rope II is fixedly connected to one of the support frames. A tension jack II is provided on the top of the other support frame. The other end of the steel wire rope II is fixedly connected to the output end of the tension jack II. A fixed base plate is fixedly provided inside the connecting support. Two guide rods are fixedly provided on one side of the fixed base plate. A movable base plate is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the two guide rods. A limiting rod is fixedly provided on one side of the movable base plate. A spring III is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rods. The two ends of the spring III respectively abut against the adjacent sides of the fixed base plate and the movable base plate through spring seats. The limiting rod is slidably provided on one side of the fixed base plate. Multiple positioning grooves are opened on one side of the two adjusting rods on the same side. A positioning base plate is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting rod plate. The positioning base plate cooperates with the positioning grooves.

[0020] When the starting tension jack II extends, the wire rope II loosens, the moving base plate drives the positioning base plate to disengage from the positioning groove, and the adjusting rod descends; when the starting tension jack II retracts, the wire rope II tightens and pushes the moving base plate, and the positioning base plate inserts into the positioning groove to fix the piston cylinder.

[0021] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0022] The drive assembly includes a rotating support fixed to one side of the support frame, a drive turntable rotatably disposed inside the rotating support, and a drive turntable with a flexible slide rail rotatably disposed inside the rotating support. A drive motor with its output end fixedly connected to the drive turntable is fixedly disposed at the bottom of one of the rotating supports. A movable slide for mounting a camera lens is sleeved on the flexible slide rails on both sides of the drive turntable. One side of the flexible slide rail is fixedly connected to the movable slide and the other side is slidably connected to the movable slide.

[0023] The drive motor drives the drive turntable inside the rotating support to rotate, which in turn moves the flexible slide rail, and drives the moving slide to move the camera lens to take pictures.

[0024] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0025] Two base plates are fixedly installed on the top of the movable slide, and a cleaning sponge block is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate. The cleaning sponge block is used to wipe the two display sleeves on the same side.

[0026] When the movable slide moves, the cleaning sponge block contacts the display sleeve for cleaning.

[0027] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0028] The outer wall of the display sleeve is fixedly provided with multiple protruding ribs, and the top of the movable slide is fixedly provided with two elastic strips. The top of the elastic strips is fixedly provided with a hammer head, which cooperates with the protruding ribs.

[0029] When the movable slide moves, the hammer head contacts the convex rib and drives the elastic strip to deform. After the hammer head passes the convex rib, it resets and swings to vibrate and display the sleeve, thus avoiding the piston slider from getting stuck.

[0030] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0031] A protective cover is fixed on one side of the support frame to protect the movable slide.

[0032] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0033] Spring I is installed inside the piston cylinder, with its two ends abutting against the bottom wall of the piston cylinder and the bottom of the piston push rod, respectively. Spring II is installed inside the display sleeve, with its two ends abutting against one side of the piston slider and one side of the inner wall of the display sleeve, respectively.

[0034] Among them, spring I pushes the piston rod to reset, and spring II pushes the piston slider to reset.

[0035] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0036] The display sleeve is made of a transparent tube with graduation lines marked on the tube wall.

[0037] A method for monitoring settlement and deformation of bridge piers and abutments, using the aforementioned bridge pier and abutment settlement and deformation monitoring device, comprising:

[0038] S1. Install the support frame on the stable foundation on both sides of the bridge pier, and use tension jack I to tension steel wire rope I to fix the support;

[0039] S2. Adjust the position of the piston cylinder so that the top of the piston push rod contacts the extension rod.

[0040] S3. When the pier settles, the extension rod pushes the piston rod downward, and the liquid in the piston cylinder flows into the display sleeve, which pushes the piston slider to amplify the settlement amount.

[0041] S4. Drive the camera lens to move and capture the position of the piston slider to record the settlement data;

[0042] S5. After settlement, the constraint of the limiting component is released, the piston cylinder is reset, and monitoring continues with the extended rod after settlement as the new benchmark.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0044] 1. The bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device disclosed in this invention adopts an elastic support system composed of double steel wire ropes and tension jacks, which forms a flexible connection between the connecting support and the pier, effectively buffering environmental vibration interference. Through the hydraulic linkage design of the piston cylinder and the display sleeve, the small amount of settlement is converted into a visual displacement of the piston slider. With the help of the spring reset mechanism, it is ensured that the piston slider can start from zero for each measurement, which significantly improves the reliability of long-term monitoring data.

[0045] 2. The bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device disclosed in this invention achieves autonomous reset function through the mechanical linkage design of the adjusting rod and the limiting component. After completing the settlement record, releasing the constraint of the limiting component allows the piston cylinder to automatically reset under gravity. Combined with the elastic reset force of spring I, the piston slider returns to its initial position. This design avoids errors from manual reset, supports continuous monitoring using the settled pier as a new benchmark, and is particularly suitable for long-term deformation trend analysis.

[0046] 3. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device disclosed in this invention uses a drive motor to rotate a flexible track in a cyclical manner, allowing the camera lens to move longitudinally along the pier to capture images. This design not only expands the coverage of a single monitoring session but also acquires data from multiple locations through mobile imaging, providing a basis for analyzing settlement differences at different pier heights. During the camera lens movement, the display sleeve observation window is automatically wiped clean, effectively preventing dust accumulation from affecting image clarity. Simultaneously, the configured elastic tapping mechanism periodically vibrates the display sleeve during movement, preventing the spring assembly from jamming due to dust accumulation, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the monitoring system in harsh environments.

[0047] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0049] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the piston cylinder and the bridge pier;

[0051] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2Cross-sectional view of the piston cylinder block;

[0052] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Installation diagram of steel wire rope I and steel wire rope II;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible slide rail installation structure in this invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the camera lens and the cleaning sponge block in this invention;

[0055] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the central connecting support;

[0056] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the adjusting rod and limiting rod structure.

[0057] Reference numerals: 1. Support frame; 2. Steel wire rope I; 3. Connecting support; 4. Piston cylinder; 41. Piston push rod; 42. Spring I; 5. Extension rod; 6. Suspension frame; 7. Display sleeve; 71. Piston slider; 72. Spring II; 8. Connecting pipe; 9. Limiting component; 10. Raised rib; 11. Steel wire rope II; 12. Tension jack I; 13. Tension jack II; 14. Protective cover; 15. Rotating support; 16. Drive turntable; 17. Flexible slide rail; 18. Drive motor; 19. Moving slide; 20. Base plate; 21. Cleaning sponge block; 22. Camera lens; 23. Elastic strip; 24. Striking hammer; 25. Adjusting rod; 26. Fixed base plate; 27. Moving base plate; 28. Guide rod; 29. ​​Spring III; 30. Limiting rod; 31. Positioning groove; 32. Positioning base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0059] like Figure 1The bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device shown includes two support frames 1 installed on one side of the pier. The two support frames 1 are fixed to stable foundations on both sides of the pier, and are secured with expansion bolts to ensure that the support frames 1 do not shift during monitoring. Two steel wire ropes I2 are connected between the two support frames 1. One end of one steel wire rope I2 is fixedly connected to the top of the left support frame 1, and the other end extends to the right support frame 1 and is fixedly connected to the output end of a tension jack I12 installed on that support frame 1. The other steel wire rope I2 is connected between the two support frames 1 in the same manner and is arranged parallel to the first steel wire rope I2. The tension of the steel wire rope I2 can be adjusted by the tension jack I12, thus ensuring that the steel wire rope I2 has sufficient load-bearing capacity while avoiding fatigue damage caused by excessive tension.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, connecting supports 3 are fixedly fitted onto two steel wire ropes I2. The connecting supports 3 are secured to the steel wire ropes I2 via a clamping structure. A rubber pad is provided on the inner side of the clamp to increase friction with the steel wire ropes I2 and prevent the connecting supports 3 from sliding on the steel wire ropes I2. The connecting supports 3 are located on one side of the pier, with a gap between their inner side and the pier surface to avoid frictional interference between the connecting supports 3 and the pier during pier settlement. A monitoring mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting supports 3 for real-time monitoring of the pier's settlement deformation.

[0061] The monitoring agencies include four such as Figure 3 The piston cylinder 4 shown is adjustablely mounted on top of the connecting support 3. A piston push rod 41 is slidably mounted on the top of the piston cylinder 4. The top end of the piston push rod 41 extends outside the piston cylinder 4 and has a hemispherical structure to reduce frictional resistance when in contact with other components. A spring I 42 is installed inside the piston cylinder 4. Both ends of the spring I 42 abut against the bottom wall of the piston cylinder 4 and the bottom of the piston push rod 41 respectively through spring seats, ensuring that the piston push rod 41 is in the extended state when not under pressure and allowing it to return to its original position promptly.

[0062] Two extension rods 5 are fixed to one side of the pier. The extension rods 5 are fixed to the side of the pier by welding or bolting. They are made of high-strength alloy steel, which has good rigidity and corrosion resistance. The two extension rods 5 are located directly above the two piston cylinders 4 on the same side, and the bottom of the extension rods 5 corresponds to the top of the piston push rod 41. When the pier settles, the extension rods 5 descend with the pier, which will push the piston push rod 41 downward.

[0063] Both sides of the connecting support 3 are fixedly equipped with, for example, Figure 3The display sleeve 7 shown is a component for amplifying and displaying the sedimentation amount. It corresponds one-to-one with the piston cylinder 4 and is connected to the corresponding piston cylinder 4 via a connecting pipe 8. The connecting pipe 8 is made of copper to ensure smooth liquid flow within the pipe. The display sleeve 7 is a transparent plastic tube with uniformly marked graduation lines on its wall, with a 1mm spacing between adjacent graduation lines, facilitating intuitive reading of the movement distance of the piston slider 71. The piston slider 71 slides inside the sleeve, its outer wall tightly fitting against the inner wall of the display sleeve 7, and lubricating oil is applied between them to reduce sliding friction. The inner diameter of the display sleeve 7 is smaller than that of the piston cylinder 4. Utilizing the incompressible property of liquid, when the piston push rod 41 moves downward under the force of the extension rod 5, the liquid inside the piston cylinder 4 is squeezed and flows into the display sleeve 7 through the connecting pipe 8. Due to the difference in cross-sectional area between the display sleeve 7 and the piston cylinder 4, even minute displacement amounts can be amplified and displayed. For example, if the inner diameter of the piston cylinder 4 is 20mm and the inner diameter of the display sleeve 7 is 10mm, according to the principle of conservation of liquid volume, when the piston push rod 41 moves down 1mm, the volume of liquid discharged from the piston cylinder 4 is π×(20 / 2)²×1=100πmm³. After this liquid enters the display sleeve 7, it pushes the piston slider 71 to move a distance of 100π÷[π×(10 / 2)²]=4mm, that is, the piston slider 71 will move 4 scale lines inside the display sleeve 7, realizing a 4-fold amplification of the sedimentation amount, and at the same time, the tilt direction of the sedimentation can be known. The display sleeve 7 is also equipped with a spring II 72. The two ends of the spring II 72 abut against one side of the piston slider 71 and one side of the inner wall of the display sleeve 7 through spring seats, respectively, to push the piston slider 71 back to the initial position when the piston push rod 41 resets.

[0064] A similar structure is also provided between the two support frames 1. Figure 6 The camera lens 22 shown can move between the two support frames 1 via a drive assembly to photograph and record the position of the piston slider 71 inside the display sleeve 7. This ensures that the position scale of the piston slider 71 on the display sleeve 7 can be clearly captured. The captured photos are transmitted wirelessly to a remote monitoring terminal, allowing staff to view the settlement of the bridge piers in real time.

[0065] like Figure 7As shown, an adjusting rod 25 is slidably provided through the bottom of the connecting support 3. The number of adjusting rods 25 is the same as that of the piston cylinder 4, and they correspond one-to-one. The top of the adjusting rod 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder 4. The position of the piston cylinder 4 can be adjusted by moving the adjusting rod 25 up and down. Two sets of limiting members 9 are provided inside the connecting support 3 to fix the adjusting rod 25 inside the connecting support 3 and prevent the adjusting rod 25 from moving when not in the adjusting state. A suspension bracket 6 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the piston cylinder 4. The suspension bracket 6 has a U-shaped structure, and its opening size is larger than the outer diameter of the extension rod 5. It is sleeved on the extension rod 5. When the piston cylinder 4 is released from fixation, the suspension bracket 6 can hang on the extension rod 5 to support the piston cylinder 4.

[0066] After the settlement monitoring is recorded, the fixing of the adjusting rod 25 is released by the limiting component 9. At this time, the adjusting rod 25 drives the piston cylinder 4 to return downward under the action of gravity, and the piston push rod 41 returns upward under the action of spring I 42. A negative pressure is generated in the piston cylinder 4, and the liquid in the display sleeve 7 flows back to the piston cylinder 4 under the push of spring II 72, pushing the piston slider 71 back to its original position. At the same time, the suspension frame 6 is hung on the extension rod 5 again, and the settlement monitoring continues with the settled extension rod 5 as the reference, realizing the reuse of the monitoring device.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, the limiting member 9 includes a steel wire rope II11 connected between the two support frames 1. One end of the steel wire rope II11 is fixedly connected to the middle of the left support frame 1, and the other end extends to the right support frame 1 and is fixedly connected to the output end of the tension jack II13 installed on the top of the support frame 1. A fixed base plate 26 is fixedly provided inside the connecting support 3. The fixed base plate 26 is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting support 3 by bolts. Two guide rods 28 are fixedly provided on one side of the fixed base plate 26. The guide rods 28 are cylindrical structures. The same movable base plate 27 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the two guide rods 28. The movable base plate 27 can slide along the axial direction of the guide rods 28. A spring III 29 is sleeved on the guide rods 28. The two ends of the spring III 29 abut against the fixed base plate 26 and the movable base plate 27 through spring seats, respectively, and apply an outward elastic force to the movable base plate 27.

[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, a limiting rod 30 is fixedly provided on one side of the movable base plate 27. The limiting rod 30 is a long strip structure that slides through a through hole opened on one side of the fixed base plate 26. The size of the through hole is adapted to the limiting rod 30 to ensure that the limiting rod 30 can slide smoothly. Multiple positioning grooves 31 are opened on one side of the two adjusting rods 25 on the same side, evenly distributed along the length of the adjusting rod 25. A positioning base plate 32 is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting rod 30. The shape of the positioning base plate 32 matches the positioning groove 31 and can be inserted into the positioning groove 31 to fix the adjusting rod 25.

[0069] When the position of piston cylinder 4 needs to be adjusted, tension jack II 13 is activated to extend its output end. At this time, wire rope II 11 is in a slack state, and moving base plate 27 moves outward under the force of spring III 29. During the movement, the positioning base plate 32 is disengaged from the positioning groove 31 by limiting rod 30, releasing the fixation of adjusting rod 25. At this time, adjusting rod 25 descends under the action of gravity, driving piston cylinder 4 downward until the top of piston push rod 41 contacts the bottom of extension rod 5. When the position of piston cylinder 4 needs to be fixed, tension jack II 13 is activated to retract its output end, tensioning wire rope II 11. During the tensioning process, wire rope II 11 moves against moving base plate 27 into connecting support 3 and compresses spring III 29. During the movement of moving base plate 27, limiting rod 30 moves, causing positioning base plate 32 to insert into the corresponding positioning groove 31, thus fixing the position of piston cylinder 4 again.

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, a rotating support 15 is bolted to one side of each support frame 1, and a drive turntable 16 is rotatably mounted inside the rotating support 15. A flexible slide rail 17 is wound around both drive turntables 16. The flexible slide rail 17 is made of high-strength nylon material, possessing good flexibility and wear resistance, and its two ends are fixedly connected to form a ring structure. A drive motor 18 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of one of the rotating supports 15. The output end of the drive motor 18 is fixedly connected to the drive turntable 16 via a coupling. The drive motor 18 is a stepper motor, which can precisely control the rotation of the drive turntable 16.

[0071] Movable slide blocks 19 are fitted on the flexible slide rails 17 on both sides of the drive turntable 16. One side of the flexible slide rail 17 is fixedly connected to the movable slide block 19, and the other side of the flexible slide rail 17 is slidably connected to the movable slide block 19. The movable slide block 19, which is slidably connected to the flexible slide rail 17, is provided with a sliding bearing inside. The movable slide block 19 is slidably fitted on the flexible slide rail 17 through the sliding bearing, so that the movable slide block 19 can move smoothly with the flexible slide rail 17.

[0072] The camera lens 22 is fixed to the top of the movable slide 19 by a bracket, with the lens facing the display sleeve 7. When it is necessary to take a picture of the position of the piston slider 71 inside the display sleeve 7, the drive motor 18 is started to drive the drive turntable 16 on the rotating support 15 to rotate, which drives the flexible slide rail 17 to move. During the movement of the flexible slide rail 17, the movable slide 19 is moved, thereby moving the camera lens 22 to the bottom of the display sleeve 7 to take a picture.

[0073] The top of the movable slide 19 is equipped with two base plates 20, which are fixed to the movable slide 19 by bolts. A cleaning sponge block 21, made of high-density sponge, is fixed to the top of each base plate 20 and contacts the bottom of the display sleeve 7. During the movement of the movable slide 19, the two cleaning sponge blocks 21 move together. When the cleaning sponge blocks 21 contact the two display sleeves 7 on the same side, they can wipe the bottom of the display sleeves 7, removing surface dust and stains to prevent dust from affecting the clarity of the photograph.

[0074] Multiple raised ribs 10 are fixedly provided on the outer wall of the display sleeve 7, and the raised ribs 10 are evenly distributed along the length of the display sleeve 7. Two elastic strips 23 are fixedly provided on the top of the movable slide 19. The elastic strips 23 are made of spring steel and have good elasticity and toughness. A striking hammer head 24 is fixedly provided at the top of the strips. The striking hammer head 24 has a spherical structure.

[0075] During the movement of the sliding block 19, the striking hammer 24 moves along with it. When the striking hammer 24 contacts the side ridge strip 10, it compresses the elastic strip 23, causing it to deform. As the striking hammer 24 moves from one side of the ridge strip 10 to the other, the elastic strip 23 returns to its original position under its own elastic force, causing the striking hammer 24 to strike the ridge strip 10, thereby generating vibration in the display sleeve 7. This vibration prevents the spring II 72 from becoming blocked due to long-term use, ensuring that the piston slider 71 can slide flexibly and guaranteeing the accuracy of the amplified settlement display.

[0076] A protective cover 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the support frame 1. The protective cover 14 is made of steel plate and its shape is adapted to the moving trajectory of the movable slide 19, covering the movable slide 19 and other components inside. The surface of the protective cover 14 is coated with anti-rust paint to improve its corrosion resistance and effectively prevent rainwater, dust and other impurities from entering the device, thus protecting the movable slide 19 and other components and extending the service life of the device.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring settlement and deformation of bridge piers and abutments, characterized in that, The bridge includes two support frames (1) on one side of the pier and a steel wire rope I (2) between the support frames (1) for supporting the connecting support (3). One of the support frames (1) is equipped with a tension jack I (12) connected to the end of the steel wire rope I (2). A monitoring mechanism is provided on the top of the connecting support (3). The monitoring mechanism includes multiple adjustable piston cylinders (4) on the top of the connecting support (3). A piston push rod (41) is slidably provided on the top of the piston cylinder (4). An extension rod (5) is fixedly connected to the piston push rod (41) on one side of the pier. A spring I (42) is provided inside the piston cylinder (4), and the two ends of the spring I (42) abut against the bottom wall of the piston cylinder (4) and the bottom of the piston push rod (41) respectively; a display sleeve (7) is fixedly provided on both sides of the connecting support (3), and the display sleeve (7) is connected to the piston cylinder (4) through the connecting pipe (8) to transmit the pre-made liquid in the piston cylinder (4). A piston slider (71) is slidably provided inside the display sleeve (7); a spring II (72) is provided inside the display sleeve (7), and the two ends of the spring II (72) abut against the piston slider (71) and the inner wall of the display sleeve (7) respectively.

2. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the connecting support (3) is provided with an adjusting rod (25) that is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder (4). The connecting support (3) is provided with a limiting member (9), which fixes the adjusting rod (25) in the connecting support (3). The outer wall of the piston cylinder (4) is fixedly provided with a suspension bracket (6), and the piston cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the extension rod (5) through the suspension bracket (6).

3. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting component (9) includes a steel wire rope II (11) connected between two support frames (1). One end of the steel wire rope II (11) is fixedly connected to one of the support frames (1). The top of the other support frame (1) is provided with a tension jack II (13) fixedly connected to the other end of the steel wire rope II (11). A fixed base plate (26) is fixedly provided inside the connecting support (3). Two guide rods (28) on one side of the fixed base plate (26) are fixedly provided with a movable base plate (27) that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall. The movable base plate (27) 7) A limiting rod (30) is fixedly installed on the upper part. A spring III (29) is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod (28). The two ends of the spring III (29) respectively abut against the side of the fixed base plate (26) and the moving base plate (27). The limiting rod (30) is slidably disposed on one side of the fixed base plate (26). Multiple positioning grooves (31) are opened on one side of the two adjusting rods (25) on the same side. A positioning base plate (32) that cooperates with the positioning groove (31) is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting rod (30).

4. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Rotary supports (15) are fixedly installed on the inner side of each support frame (1). A drive turntable (16) with a flexible slide rail (17) is rotatably mounted inside the rotary support (15). A drive motor (18) with its output end fixedly connected to the drive turntable (16) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of one of the rotary supports (15). A movable slide (19) for mounting a camera lens (22) is mounted on the flexible slide rail (17) on both sides of the drive turntable (16). The flexible slide rail (17) on one side of the drive turntable (16) is fixedly connected to the movable slide (19), and the flexible slide rail (17) on the other side is slidably connected to the movable slide (19).

5. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the movable slide (19) is fixed with two base plates (20), and the top of the base plates (20) is fixed with a cleaning sponge block (21). The cleaning sponge block (21) is used to wipe the two display sleeves (7) on the same side.

6. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the display sleeve (7) is fixed with a plurality of protruding ribs (10), and the top of the movable slide (19) is fixed with two elastic strips (23). The top of the elastic strips (23) is fixed with a hammer head (24), and the hammer head (24) cooperates with the protruding ribs (10).

7. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A protective cover (14) for protecting the movable slide (19) is fixedly provided on one side of the support frame (1).

8. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the display sleeve (7) is smaller than the inner diameter of the piston cylinder (4).

9. The bridge pier settlement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display sleeve (7) is a transparent tube with scale lines marked on the tube wall.

10. A monitoring method for the bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device applicable to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that, include: S1. Install the support frame (1) on the stable foundation on both sides of the pier, and use tension jack I (12) to tension the steel wire rope I (2) to fix the connecting support (3). S2. Adjust the position of the piston cylinder (4) so ​​that the top of the piston push rod (41) is connected to the extension rod (5); S3. When the pier settles, the extension rod (5) pushes the piston rod (41) down, and the liquid in the piston cylinder (4) flows into the display sleeve (7), which pushes the piston slider (71) to move and amplify the settlement. S4. Drive the camera lens (22) to move the position of the shooting piston slider (71) and record the settlement data; S5. After settling, release the constraint of the limiting component (9), reset the piston cylinder (4), and continue monitoring with the extended rod (5) after settling as the new benchmark.

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