Nuclear power containment vessel prestress monitoring device and method, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power stations, in particular to a nuclear power containment vessel prestress monitoring device and method, electronic equipment and a storage medium. According to the embodiment of the invention, the nuclear power containment prestress monitoring device comprises an ultrasonic detection module which is arranged on the surface of a target containment; the vertical ultrasonic receiver is used for being installed at a surface wave first sensing position on the surface of the target containment, and the surface wave first sensing position is located in the vertical direction of the surface wave detection position; the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is used for being installed at a surface wave second sensing position on the surface of the target containment, and the surface wave second sensing position is located in the horizontal direction of the surface wave detection position; and the pre-stress calculation module is used for performing pre-stress calculation according to the vertical surface wave velocity and the horizontal surface wave velocity so as to determine the vertical pre-stress and the horizontal pre-stress of the surface of the target containment. The electric containment vessel prestress monitoring device can accurately monitor the prestress change of the containment vessel concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear power plant technology, and in particular to a nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device and method, electronic equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] The containment vessel, as the core structural element of a nuclear power plant, is crucial for ensuring the plant's safety. In the event of a large-scale reactor leak, the containment vessel prevents the release of radioactive elements and protects against external threats, ensuring the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. To guarantee the design performance of the containment vessel, a certain number of steel strands are installed in the horizontal and vertical directions. These strands are tensioned to generate a certain degree of prestress, ensuring that the concrete remains under compression even when the containment vessel is subjected to other loads, reducing the likelihood of cracking. This ensures the integrity of the concrete material and provides long-term effective protection for the reinforcing steel.

[0003] In related technologies, force sensors are placed at both ends of the concrete to monitor the prestress on the containment vessel. Changes in the prestress of the concrete are calculated by measuring the tension changes in the steel strands. However, due to phenomena such as shrinkage and creep in concrete, the prestress within the concrete gradually decreases. This decrease not only adversely affects the containment vessel but also causes changes in the force sensor readings at both ends. Furthermore, the solidification of grouting material between the steel strands and the concrete prevents the force sensor readings from fully reflecting changes in the concrete prestress. Therefore, the results obtained from force sensors are inaccurate and cannot accurately monitor changes in the prestress of the containment vessel concrete. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device and method, electronic equipment, and storage medium, which can accurately monitor changes in the prestress of the containment concrete.

[0005] The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device according to a first aspect embodiment of this application includes:

[0006] An ultrasonic detection module is used to be installed on the surface of a target containment vessel; wherein, the ultrasonic detection module is capable of generating ultrasonic signals, so that the ultrasonic signals form surface wave signals at the surface wave detection position on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0007] A vertical ultrasonic receiver is used to be installed on the surface of the target containment vessel at a first surface wave sensing position, the first surface wave sensing position being in the vertical direction of the surface wave detection position; wherein, the vertical ultrasonic receiver is capable of detecting the vertical surface wave velocity, the vertical surface wave velocity being the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction;

[0008] A horizontal ultrasonic receiver is used to be installed on the surface of the target containment vessel at a second surface wave sensing position, the second surface wave sensing position being in the horizontal direction of the surface wave detection position; wherein, the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is capable of detecting the horizontal surface wave velocity, the horizontal surface wave velocity being the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the horizontal direction;

[0009] The prestress calculation module is used to perform prestress calculation based on the vertical surface wave velocity and the horizontal surface wave velocity to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the ultrasonic detection module includes a concrete pad, one end of which is used to install a surface wave detection position on the surface of the target containment vessel, and the other end of which is provided with an ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic generator is used to output the ultrasonic signal to the target containment vessel according to the ultrasonic incident angle, which is the angle between the surface of the target containment vessel and the output end of the ultrasonic detection module.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the ultrasonic generator is equipped with an incident adjustment unit for adjusting the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the distance between the second surface wave sensing position and the surface wave detection position is determined based on the size and curvature of the target containment surface.

[0013] The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method according to a second aspect embodiment of this application, applied to the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device according to any one of the first aspect embodiments, the method comprising:

[0014] The ultrasonic detection module is controlled to generate ultrasonic signals, so that the ultrasonic signals form surface wave signals on the surface of the target containment.

[0015] The vertical surface wave velocity of the target containment surface is detected by a vertical ultrasonic receiver from the surface wave detection position to the first surface wave sensing position; wherein, the vertical surface wave velocity is the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction.

[0016] The horizontal surface wave velocity on the surface of the target containment is detected by a horizontal ultrasonic receiver from the surface wave detection position to the second surface wave sensing position; wherein, the horizontal surface wave velocity is the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the horizontal direction;

[0017] Prestress calculations are performed based on the vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the distance between the first surface wave sensing position and the surface wave detection position is a first distance, and the step of detecting the vertical surface wave velocity transmitted from the surface wave detection position to the first surface wave sensing position on the surface of the target containment by means of a vertical ultrasonic receiver includes:

[0019] In response to the ultrasonic detection module generating a surface wave signal on the target containment, the vertical ultrasonic receiver is controlled to start timing;

[0020] In response to the vertical ultrasonic receiver receiving the surface wave signal, the vertical ultrasonic receiver is controlled to stop timing, thereby obtaining the signal transmission time slot;

[0021] The vertical surface wave velocity is determined based on the first distance and the signal transmission time slot.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, the distance between the second surface wave sensing position and the surface wave detection position is a second distance, and the step of detecting the horizontal surface wave velocity transmitted from the surface wave detection position to the second surface wave sensing position on the surface of the target containment by means of a horizontal ultrasonic receiver includes:

[0023] In response to the ultrasonic detection module generating a surface wave signal on the target containment, the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is controlled to start timing.

[0024] In response to the horizontal ultrasonic receiver receiving the surface wave signal, the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is controlled to stop timing, thereby obtaining a signal transmission time slot;

[0025] The horizontal surface wave velocity is determined based on the second distance and the signal transmission time slot.

[0026] According to some embodiments of this application, the method further includes:

[0027] Determine the containment component materials corresponding to the target containment;

[0028] Based on the constituent materials of the containment vessel, the corresponding Poisson's ratio is determined.

[0029] According to some embodiments of this application, the step of calculating prestress based on the vertical surface wave velocity and the horizontal surface wave velocity to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel includes:

[0030] Obtain the pre-calibrated material property parameters of the target containment, and the reference transverse wave velocity and reference longitudinal wave velocity of the target containment under stress-free conditions;

[0031] Based on the vertical surface wave velocity, the horizontal surface wave velocity, and the material Poisson's ratio, wave velocity decomposition calculation is performed to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, the horizontal transverse wave velocity, and the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity.

[0032] Based on the vertical shear wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, the horizontal shear wave velocity, the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity, the material property parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, and the reference longitudinal wave velocity, the branch prestress is calculated to obtain the vertical prestress and the horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0033] According to some embodiments of this application, the step of performing wave velocity decomposition calculation based on the vertical surface wave velocity, the horizontal surface wave velocity, and the material Poisson's ratio to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, the horizontal transverse wave velocity, and the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity includes:

[0034] The vertical surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the preset analytical formula for transverse wave calculation to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity.

[0035] The vertical surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating longitudinal waves to obtain the vertical longitudinal wave velocity.

[0036] The horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating transverse waves to obtain the horizontal transverse wave velocity.

[0037] The horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating longitudinal waves to obtain the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity.

[0038] According to some embodiments of this application, the material property parameters include shear wave response property parameters and longitudinal wave response property parameters. The step of calculating the branch prestress based on the vertical shear wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, the horizontal shear wave velocity, the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity, the material property parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, and the reference longitudinal wave velocity to obtain the vertical prestress and the horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment vessel includes:

[0039] The shear wave response characteristic parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, the vertical shear wave velocity, and the horizontal shear wave velocity are substituted into the pre-constructed first prestressing element formula for calculation to obtain the first prestressing calculation element.

[0040] The longitudinal wave response characteristic parameters, the reference longitudinal wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, and the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity are substituted into the pre-constructed second prestressing element formula for calculation to obtain the vertical prestress and the second prestressing calculation element.

[0041] The vertical prestress is obtained by subtracting the second prestress calculation element and the first prestress calculation element.

[0042] The horizontal prestress is obtained by summing the first prestress calculation element and the second prestress calculation element.

[0043] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect of this application.

[0044] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a program that is executed by a processor to implement the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect of this application.

[0045] The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device and method, electronic device, and storage medium according to the embodiments of this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0046] A nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device according to an embodiment of this application includes: an ultrasonic detection module for installation on the surface of the target containment; wherein the ultrasonic detection module is capable of generating ultrasonic signals to form surface wave signals at a surface wave detection position on the surface of the target containment; a vertical ultrasonic receiver for installation at a first surface wave sensing position on the surface of the target containment, the first surface wave sensing position being in the vertical direction of the surface wave detection position; wherein the vertical ultrasonic receiver is capable of detecting vertical surface wave velocity, the vertical surface wave velocity being the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction; a horizontal ultrasonic receiver for installation at a second surface wave sensing position on the surface of the target containment, the second surface wave sensing position being in the horizontal direction of the surface wave detection position; wherein the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is capable of detecting horizontal surface wave velocity, the horizontal surface wave velocity being the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the horizontal direction; and a prestress calculation module for performing prestress calculation based on the vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities to determine the vertical and horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment. In this way, the prestress changes of the containment concrete can be monitored more accurately.

[0047] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0048] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0049] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of a nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 3 This is another schematic flowchart of the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 4 This is another schematic flowchart of the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 5 This is another schematic flowchart of the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 6 This is another schematic flowchart of the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 7 This is another schematic flowchart of the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 8 This is another schematic flowchart of the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0059] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, left, right, front, and back, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution. Furthermore, the identification of specific steps in the following text does not imply a limitation on the order of steps or execution logic. The execution order and logic between each step should be understood and inferred from the content described in the embodiments.

[0063] The containment vessel, as the core structural element of a nuclear power plant, is crucial for ensuring the plant's safety. It is a prestressed concrete structure with protective and support functions, and as a core component of the structural system (one of the three main systems of a nuclear power plant), it bears extremely important responsibilities. In the event of a large-scale reactor leak, the containment vessel can prevent the leakage of radioactive elements and resist external threats, ensuring the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. To ensure the design performance of the containment vessel, a certain number of steel strands are installed in the horizontal and vertical directions. Through tensioning, a certain degree of prestress is generated, ensuring that the concrete remains under compression when the containment vessel is subjected to other loads, preventing any cracks and thus guaranteeing the integrity of the concrete material and the long-term effective protection of the reinforcing steel.

[0064] However, there are currently difficulties in identifying and monitoring concrete prestress in real time. Despite numerous technical measures, the work remains challenging, with only indirect methods available and no direct way to monitor the prestress in the containment concrete.

[0065] One monitoring method in related technologies involves placing force sensors at both ends of the concrete structure. Changes in the tension of the steel strands are used to estimate the changes in prestress in the concrete. However, due to phenomena such as shrinkage and creep in concrete, the prestress within the concrete gradually decreases. This reduction not only adversely affects the containment structure but also causes changes in the force sensor readings at both ends. Furthermore, the solidification of grouting material between the steel strands and the concrete prevents the force sensor readings from fully reflecting changes in the concrete prestress. Therefore, the results obtained from force sensors are inaccurate, failing to accurately monitor changes in the prestress of the containment concrete. This, in turn, affects the accurate assessment of the containment's performance characteristics and operational status, and is detrimental to the operation, maintenance, and future life extension assessment of the nuclear power plant's containment structure.

[0066] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device and method, electronic equipment, and storage medium, which can accurately monitor changes in the prestress of the containment concrete.

[0067] The following explanation is based on the accompanying drawings.

[0068] Reference Figure 1 The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device according to the embodiments of this application may include:

[0069] An ultrasonic detection module is used to be installed on the surface of the target containment vessel; wherein, the ultrasonic detection module can generate ultrasonic signals so that the ultrasonic signals form surface wave signals at the surface wave detection position O1 on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0070] It should be noted that the ultrasonic detection module is installed on the surface of the target containment vessel. Its main function is to generate ultrasonic signals and make these signals form surface wave signals at specific detection locations on the containment vessel surface. The ultrasonic detection module is the foundation of the entire nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device, providing the necessary signal source for subsequent prestress monitoring.

[0071] A vertical ultrasonic receiver is used to install a surface wave first sensing position O2 on the surface of the target containment, the surface wave first sensing position O2 being in the vertical direction of the surface wave detection position O1; wherein, the vertical ultrasonic receiver can detect the vertical surface wave velocity, the vertical surface wave velocity being the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction;

[0072] It should be noted that the vertical ultrasonic receiver is installed vertically at the surface wave detection position O1. This receiver can detect the vertical surface wave velocity, that is, the speed at which the surface wave signal propagates in the vertical direction. By measuring the vertical surface wave velocity, information related to the prestress of the containment concrete in the vertical direction can be obtained.

[0073] A horizontal ultrasonic receiver is used to install a second surface wave sensing position O3 on the surface of the target containment, and the second surface wave sensing position O3 is in the horizontal direction of the surface wave detection position O1; wherein, the horizontal ultrasonic receiver can detect the horizontal surface wave velocity, which is the speed at which the surface wave signal is transmitted in the horizontal direction.

[0074] It should be noted that, similarly, the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is installed in the horizontal direction at the surface wave detection position O1 to detect the horizontal surface wave velocity, that is, the speed at which the surface wave signal propagates in the horizontal direction. The measurement result of the horizontal surface wave velocity reflects the prestressing condition of the containment concrete in the horizontal direction.

[0075] The prestress calculation module is used to calculate the prestress based on the vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0076] It should be noted that the prestress calculation module performs prestress calculations based on the vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities measured by the vertical and horizontal ultrasonic receivers. Through specific algorithms and formulas, the prestress calculation module can determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the target containment surface. The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device of this application uses ultrasonic technology to directly measure the wave velocity on the containment surface, thereby accurately calculating the prestress and avoiding inaccurate monitoring results caused by factors such as concrete shrinkage, creep, and grout material curing.

[0077] According to some embodiments of this application, the ultrasonic detection module includes a concrete block, one end of which is used for installation at a surface wave detection position O1 on the surface of the target containment, and the other end of which is provided with an ultrasonic generator, which is used to detect ultrasonic waves at an incident angle. The ultrasonic signal is emitted to the target containment vessel at the ultrasonic incident angle. The angle between the surface of the target containment vessel and the output of the ultrasonic detection module.

[0078] It should be noted that the ultrasonic detection module mainly consists of two key components: a concrete pad and an ultrasonic generator. One end of the concrete pad is installed at the surface wave detection position O1 on the target containment surface, providing a stable foundation for the entire ultrasonic detection module. This installation method ensures close contact between the ultrasonic detection module and the containment, which is beneficial for the effective transmission of ultrasonic signals. The concrete pad not only provides support but also adapts to the shape of the containment surface, ensuring that the ultrasonic signals output by the ultrasonic generator accurately act on the containment surface. The ultrasonic generator is located at the other end of the concrete pad, and its core function is to determine the ultrasonic incident angle based on the set ultrasonic wave incident angle. An ultrasonic signal is emitted toward the target containment vessel. This ultrasonic incident angle... This is a key parameter; it's the angle between the target containment surface and the output of the ultrasonic detection module. Precise control of this incident angle is crucial. This design ensures that ultrasonic signals form effective surface wave signals on the containment surface, thereby enabling accurate monitoring of containment prestress. This design fully considers the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic signals in different media and the features of the containment structure, guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring.

[0079] According to some embodiments of this application, the ultrasonic generator is equipped with an incident adjustment unit for adjusting the incident angle of the ultrasonic waves.

[0080] It should be noted that, in order to achieve the ultrasonic incident angle For precise control, the ultrasonic generator is equipped with an incident adjustment unit. This configuration of the incident adjustment unit allows for precise control of the ultrasonic wave incident angle. It features adjustability. Through the incident angle adjustment unit, the incident angle of the ultrasonic waves can be adjusted according to specific monitoring needs and the geometry of the containment. Optimization and adjustments were made. This adjustable design allows the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device to better adapt to the shape and size of different nuclear power plant containments, thereby ensuring that surface wave signals can be effectively generated regardless of the containment geometry. This improves the practicality and reliability of the entire nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device in different application scenarios.

[0081] According to some embodiments of this application, the distance between the second surface wave sensing position O3 and the surface wave detection position O1 is determined based on the size and curvature of the target containment surface.

[0082] It should be noted that the distance between the second surface wave sensing position O3 and the surface wave detection position O1 can be determined based on the dimensions and curvature of the target containment surface. This design takes into account the actual geometry of the containment to ensure effective propagation and reception of ultrasonic signals on the containment surface. Specifically, the surface wave detection position O1 is the starting point where the ultrasonic signal acts on the containment surface and forms surface waves, while the second surface wave sensing position O3 is the horizontal position used to receive and detect these surface wave signals.

[0083] Because the size and curvature of containment structures vary, the distance between these two locations needs to be adjusted according to the specific containment structure. For example, for larger containment structures or those with less curvature, a longer distance may be required to ensure sufficient propagation path for the ultrasonic signal, thus forming a stable surface wave signal. Conversely, for smaller containment structures or those with greater curvature, a shorter distance may be necessary to avoid premature signal attenuation or distortion. In this way, the monitoring device can adapt to the geometric characteristics of different nuclear power plant containment structures, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring.

[0084] This design, which determines the distance based on the containment surface dimensions and curvature, not only improves the adaptability of the monitoring device but also enhances its practicality. It allows the monitoring device to better match various practical application scenarios, ensuring effective prestress monitoring across different containment structures. This flexibility is crucial for the maintenance and safety assessment of nuclear power plant containments, as it allows the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device to provide reliable prestress data under different physical conditions, thereby supporting the safe operation and long-term performance evaluation of the nuclear power plant.

[0085] Reference Figure 2 The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method according to the embodiments of this application, applied to the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device of the embodiments of this application, may include:

[0086] Step S201: Control the ultrasonic detection module to generate ultrasonic signals so that the ultrasonic signals form surface wave signals on the surface of the target containment.

[0087] Step S202: Detect the vertical surface wave velocity on the target containment surface from the surface wave detection position to the first surface wave sensing position using a vertical ultrasonic receiver; wherein, the vertical surface wave velocity is the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction.

[0088] Step S203: Detect the horizontal surface wave velocity on the target containment surface from the surface wave detection position to the second surface wave sensing position using a horizontal ultrasonic receiver; wherein, the horizontal surface wave velocity is the speed at which the surface wave signal propagates in the horizontal direction.

[0089] Step S204: Perform prestress calculation based on the vertical surface wave velocity and the horizontal surface wave velocity to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0090] In step S201 of some embodiments, the ultrasonic detection module is controlled to generate an ultrasonic signal so that the ultrasonic signal forms a surface wave signal on the surface of the target containment.

[0091] It should be noted that the ultrasonic detection module generates ultrasonic signals. This module is installed at a surface wave detection location on the surface of the target containment vessel. Its function is to generate and output ultrasonic signals, which propagate on the containment vessel surface and form surface wave signals, providing a basic signal source for subsequent monitoring steps.

[0092] In step S202 of some embodiments, the vertical surface wave velocity of the target containment surface is detected by a vertical ultrasonic receiver from the surface wave detection position to the first surface wave sensing position; wherein, the vertical surface wave velocity is the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction;

[0093] It should be noted that the vertical surface wave velocity is detected using a vertical ultrasonic receiver. The vertical ultrasonic receiver is installed at the first surface wave sensing position on the surface of the target containment vessel, which is located vertically from the surface wave detection position. The vertical surface wave velocity refers to the propagation speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction; the measurement result of this velocity will reflect the prestressing condition of the containment vessel concrete in the vertical direction.

[0094] Reference Figure 3 According to some embodiments of this application, the distance between the first sensing position and the surface wave detection position is a first distance. Step S202, which detects the vertical surface wave velocity transmitted from the surface wave detection position to the first sensing position on the surface of the target containment by a vertical ultrasonic receiver, may include:

[0095] Step S301: In response to the ultrasonic detection module generating a surface wave signal on the target containment, control the vertical ultrasonic receiver to start timing;

[0096] Step S302: In response to the vertical ultrasonic receiver receiving a surface wave signal, control the vertical ultrasonic receiver to stop timing and obtain the signal transmission time slot;

[0097] Step S303: Determine the vertical surface wave velocity based on the first distance and the signal transmission time slot.

[0098] In some embodiments, step S301 involves controlling the vertical ultrasonic receiver to start timing in response to the ultrasonic detection module generating a surface wave signal on the target containment.

[0099] It should be noted that when the ultrasonic detection module generates a surface wave signal on the target containment surface, this embodiment immediately triggers the vertical ultrasonic receiver to start timing. The key to this step is synchronization; that is, the start of timing must be synchronized with the generation of the ultrasonic signal. This synchronization mechanism ensures the accuracy of the measurement's starting time, thus providing a reliable basis for subsequent time measurements. The ultrasonic signal is emitted from the surface wave detection position, propagates along the containment surface until it reaches the first surface wave sensing position, i.e., the location of the vertical ultrasonic receiver.

[0100] In some embodiments, step S302 involves controlling the vertical ultrasonic receiver to stop timing in response to the vertical ultrasonic receiver receiving a surface wave signal, thereby obtaining a signal transmission time slot.

[0101] It should be noted that when the vertical ultrasonic receiver receives the propagating surface wave signal, this embodiment controls the receiver to stop timing, thereby obtaining the time interval of signal transmission, i.e., the signal transmission time slot. This time slot is the time required for the ultrasonic signal to propagate from the surface wave detection position to the first sensing position of the surface wave. The accuracy of this time measurement is crucial for subsequent calculation of the vertical surface wave velocity. To improve the accuracy of the measurement, the vertical ultrasonic receiver is equipped with a high-precision timer, which can accurately capture the moment the signal arrives, thereby ensuring that the error in the time measurement is minimized.

[0102] In some embodiments, step S303 determines the vertical surface wave velocity based on the first distance and the signal transmission time slot.

[0103] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the vertical surface wave velocity is determined using a known first distance (i.e., the distance between the surface wave detection position and the first surface wave sensing position) and a measured signal transmission time slot, through a velocity calculation formula. The velocity calculation formula is: velocity equals distance divided by time, that is, the vertical surface wave velocity equals the first distance divided by the signal transmission time slot. This calculation process requires high precision of the input parameters. The first distance can be obtained through precise measurement during device installation and remains unchanged during subsequent monitoring. The signal transmission time slot, however, is acquired in real time during each measurement, reflecting the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signal in the vertical direction under the current state.

[0104] Through the coordinated operation of these three steps, this monitoring method can accurately determine the vertical surface wave velocity, thus providing reliable data support for subsequent prestressing calculations. This time-based measurement method not only improves the accuracy of monitoring but also enhances its adaptability and reliability, enabling it to operate stably under different environmental conditions.

[0105] In step S203 of some embodiments, the horizontal surface wave velocity of the target containment surface is detected by a horizontal ultrasonic receiver from the surface wave detection position to the second surface wave sensing position; wherein, the horizontal surface wave velocity is the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the horizontal direction.

[0106] It should be noted that the horizontal surface wave velocity is detected using a horizontal ultrasonic receiver. The horizontal ultrasonic receiver is installed at the second surface wave sensing position, which is located horizontally to the surface wave detection position. The horizontal surface wave velocity refers to the propagation speed of the surface wave signal in the horizontal direction, and its measurement result reflects the prestress state of the containment concrete in the horizontal direction.

[0107] Reference Figure 4 According to some embodiments of this application, the distance between the second sensing position and the surface wave detection position is a second distance. Step S203, which detects the horizontal surface wave velocity transmitted from the surface wave detection position to the second sensing position on the surface of the target containment by a horizontal ultrasonic receiver, may include:

[0108] Step S401: In response to the ultrasonic detection module generating a surface wave signal on the target containment, control the horizontal ultrasonic receiver to start timing;

[0109] Step S402: In response to the horizontal ultrasonic receiver receiving a surface wave signal, control the horizontal ultrasonic receiver to stop timing and obtain the signal transmission time slot;

[0110] Step S403: Determine the horizontal surface wave velocity based on the second distance and the signal transmission time slot.

[0111] In some embodiments, step S401 involves controlling the horizontal ultrasonic receiver to start timing in response to the ultrasonic detection module generating a surface wave signal on the target containment.

[0112] It should be noted that when the ultrasonic detection module generates a surface wave signal on the target containment surface, the system responds to this signal by controlling the horizontal ultrasonic receiver to start timing. The key to this step is ensuring that the timing start is synchronized with the generation of the ultrasonic signal, thus providing a precise starting point for subsequent time measurements. The ultrasonic signal is emitted from the surface wave detection position and propagates horizontally along the containment surface until it reaches the second surface wave sensing position, i.e., the location of the horizontal ultrasonic receiver.

[0113] In some embodiments, step S402 involves controlling the horizontal ultrasonic receiver to terminate timing in response to the horizontal ultrasonic receiver receiving a surface wave signal, thereby obtaining a signal transmission time slot.

[0114] It should be noted that when the horizontal ultrasonic receiver receives the propagating surface wave signal, the system controls the receiver to stop timing, thus obtaining the time interval of signal transmission, i.e., the signal transmission time slot. This time slot is the time required for the ultrasonic signal to propagate in the horizontal direction. Similar to the vertical measurement, the accuracy of this time measurement is crucial for subsequent calculations of the horizontal surface wave velocity. The horizontal ultrasonic receiver is also equipped with a high-precision timer, which can accurately capture the moment the signal arrives, ensuring the accuracy of the time measurement.

[0115] In some embodiments, step S403 determines the horizontal surface wave velocity based on the second distance and the signal transmission time slot.

[0116] It should be noted that the horizontal surface wave velocity is determined using a velocity calculation formula based on the known second distance (i.e., the horizontal distance between the surface wave detection position and the second surface wave induction position) and the measured signal transmission time slot. The velocity calculation formula is also: velocity equals distance divided by time; that is, the horizontal surface wave velocity equals the second distance divided by the signal transmission time slot. The second distance can be accurately measured during device installation and remains constant throughout subsequent monitoring. The signal transmission time slot, however, is acquired in real-time during each measurement, reflecting the horizontal propagation speed of the ultrasonic signal under the current conditions.

[0117] Through the coordinated action of these three steps, this monitoring method can accurately determine the horizontal surface wave velocity, thus providing reliable data support for subsequent prestress calculations. This time-based measurement method not only improves the accuracy of monitoring but also enhances its adaptability and reliability, enabling it to operate stably under different environmental conditions.

[0118] In some embodiments, step S204 involves calculating prestress based on the vertical surface wave velocity and the horizontal surface wave velocity to determine the vertical and horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0119] It should be noted that prestress calculations are performed based on vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities. Using specific algorithms and formulas, the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the target containment surface are calculated. This calculation process is the core of the entire monitoring method, enabling non-contact, real-time monitoring of the nuclear power plant containment prestress by converting ultrasonic wave velocity data into prestress values.

[0120] In summary, the containment prestress monitoring method of this application utilizes ultrasonic detection and reception technology, combined with prestress calculation algorithms, to provide an efficient and accurate means of monitoring prestress in nuclear power plant containments. This method not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring but also reduces errors caused by factors such as concrete shrinkage and creep in traditional monitoring methods, which is of great significance for ensuring the safe operation of nuclear power plants.

[0121] Reference Figure 5 According to some embodiments of this application, the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method of this application may further include:

[0122] Step S501: Determine the containment component materials corresponding to the target containment.

[0123] Step S502: Determine the corresponding Poisson's ratio based on the containment component materials.

[0124] In some embodiments, step S501 involves determining the containment component material corresponding to the target containment.

[0125] It is important to note that all component materials used in the target containment vessel must be clearly identified. Nuclear power plant containment vessels can be constructed from various materials, primarily concrete and reinforced steel, but the specific composition may vary depending on design and construction standards. Therefore, accurately identifying these component materials is crucial for subsequent calculations and analyses. This step requires a detailed understanding of the containment vessel's structure and material composition, which can be obtained by referring to the containment vessel's construction drawings and material specifications.

[0126] In step S502 of some embodiments, the corresponding material Poisson's ratio is determined based on the containment component materials.

[0127] It should be noted that, based on the determined material components, the corresponding Poisson's ratio is looked up or calculated. Poisson's ratio is the ratio of the absolute values ​​of transverse strain to longitudinal strain during the elastic deformation stage of a material; it is an important elastic constant of the material. For common building materials such as concrete and reinforced steel, their Poisson's ratios often have a certain range, but the specific value will vary depending on factors such as the material's formulation and manufacturing process. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the accurate Poisson's ratio value based on the actual material being used. This step can be achieved by consulting material physical property databases, conducting experimental tests, or utilizing existing engineering experience to obtain accurate Poisson's ratio data.

[0128] The purpose of these two steps is to provide accurate material parameters for prestress calculation. The Poisson's ratio of a material directly affects the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves within it, thus influencing the surface wave velocity measurement results. Therefore, by accurately obtaining the component materials and their Poisson's ratios, the accuracy of prestress calculation can be improved, allowing the monitoring results to more accurately reflect the actual stress state of the containment. This meticulous consideration of material properties reflects the professionalism and precision of this monitoring method, contributing to improved reliability and effectiveness of prestress monitoring of nuclear power plant containment.

[0129] Reference Figure 6According to some embodiments of this application, step S204, which calculates prestress based on vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel, may include:

[0130] Step S601: Obtain the pre-calibrated material property parameters of the target containment, and the reference transverse wave velocity and reference longitudinal wave velocity of the target containment under stress-free conditions.

[0131] Step S602: Perform wave velocity decomposition calculation based on vertical surface wave velocity, horizontal surface wave velocity and material Poisson's ratio to obtain vertical transverse wave velocity, vertical longitudinal wave velocity, horizontal transverse wave velocity and horizontal longitudinal wave velocity.

[0132] Step S603: Based on the vertical shear wave velocity, vertical longitudinal wave velocity, horizontal shear wave velocity, horizontal longitudinal wave velocity, material property parameters, reference shear wave velocity, and reference longitudinal wave velocity, perform branch prestress calculation to obtain the vertical prestress and horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0133] In some embodiments, step S601 involves obtaining the pre-calibrated material property parameters of the target containment, the reference shear wave velocity and the reference longitudinal wave velocity of the target containment under stress-free conditions.

[0134] It should be noted that it is necessary to obtain the pre-calibrated material property parameters of the target containment, as well as the reference shear wave velocity and reference longitudinal wave velocity of the containment under stress-free conditions. Material property parameters may include elastic modulus, density, and Poisson's ratio, which can be obtained through laboratory testing or by referencing materials. The reference shear wave velocity and reference longitudinal wave velocity are the propagation velocities of shear waves and longitudinal waves obtained by ultrasonic testing when the containment is not under stress; they provide a reference for subsequent stress calculations.

[0135] In step S602 of some embodiments, wave velocity decomposition calculation is performed based on vertical surface wave velocity, horizontal surface wave velocity and material Poisson's ratio to obtain vertical transverse wave velocity, vertical longitudinal wave velocity, horizontal transverse wave velocity and horizontal longitudinal wave velocity.

[0136] It should be noted that this step involves wave velocity decomposition calculations based on vertical surface wave velocity, horizontal surface wave velocity, and the material's Poisson's ratio. Specifically, using a specific mathematical model and algorithm, the measured vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities are decomposed into vertical transverse wave velocity, vertical longitudinal wave velocity, horizontal transverse wave velocity, and horizontal longitudinal wave velocity. The key to this step is using the material's Poisson's ratio to correct for wave velocity, as Poisson's ratio reflects the relationship between the lateral and longitudinal deformation of the material under stress, and has a significant impact on wave velocity. Through wave velocity decomposition, more accurate transverse and longitudinal wave velocities can be obtained, and these velocities are directly related to the stress state inside the containment vessel.

[0137] Reference Figure 7 According to some embodiments of this application, step S602 performs wave velocity decomposition calculation based on the vertical surface wave velocity, the horizontal surface wave velocity, and the material Poisson's ratio to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, the horizontal transverse wave velocity, and the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity, which may include:

[0138] Step S701: Substitute the vertical surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio into the preset analytical formula for transverse wave calculation to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity.

[0139] Step S702: Substitute the vertical surface wave velocity and material Poisson's ratio into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating longitudinal waves to obtain the vertical longitudinal wave velocity.

[0140] Step S703: Substitute the horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio into the pre-constructed analytical formula for transverse wave calculation to obtain the horizontal transverse wave velocity.

[0141] Step S704: Substitute the horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating the longitudinal wave velocity to obtain the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity.

[0142] In the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method of this application embodiment, wave velocity decomposition calculation is a key step in determining the internal prestress of concrete. This step, through a series of precisely designed calculation processes, converts the measured surface wave velocity into transverse and longitudinal wave velocities, which directly reflect the stress state inside the concrete.

[0143] In step S701 of some embodiments, the vertical surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into a preset analytical formula for transverse wave calculation to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity.

[0144] It should be noted that the decomposition calculation of vertical surface wave velocity requires substituting the measured vertical surface wave velocity and the material's Poisson's ratio into a pre-defined analytical formula for transverse wave calculation. This formula is pre-constructed based on the material's elastic properties and a large amount of experimental data, and its core function is to convert surface wave velocity into transverse wave velocity. Through a series of complex mathematical operations, this step yields the vertical transverse wave velocity, i.e., the speed at which ultrasonic transverse waves propagate in the vertical direction. Transverse wave velocity primarily reflects the material's response under shear stress and is of great significance for assessing the integrity and crack condition of concrete.

[0145] In step S702 of some embodiments, the vertical surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating the longitudinal wave velocity to obtain the vertical longitudinal wave velocity.

[0146] It should be noted that the vertical surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into another pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating longitudinal waves. The purpose of this formula is to convert the surface wave velocity into the longitudinal wave velocity. The longitudinal wave velocity reflects the material's response under compressive stress and is crucial for assessing the density and internal structural state of concrete. Through this step, we can obtain the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, that is, the speed at which the ultrasonic longitudinal wave propagates in the vertical direction.

[0147] In step S703 of some embodiments, the horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for transverse wave calculation to obtain the horizontal transverse wave velocity.

[0148] It should be noted that the measured horizontal surface wave velocity and material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating transverse waves to obtain the horizontal transverse wave velocity. The principle of this step is similar to that of calculating the vertical transverse wave velocity, and its purpose is to obtain the transverse wave velocity in the horizontal direction, thereby assessing the shear stress state of concrete in the horizontal direction.

[0149] In step S704 of some embodiments, the horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating the longitudinal wave velocity to obtain the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity.

[0150] It should be noted that the horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the analytical formula for calculating the longitudinal wave velocity to obtain the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity. This step corresponds to the calculation of the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, providing longitudinal wave velocity data in the horizontal direction, thereby completing the assessment of the compressive stress state of concrete in the horizontal direction.

[0151] It should be understood that the design of these wave velocity decomposition calculation steps fully considers the physical properties and elastic behavior of materials, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the conversion from surface wave velocity to transverse and longitudinal wave velocities. Through these detailed calculations, we can obtain the stress state of concrete in different directions, providing a solid data foundation for subsequent prestressing assessment. This calculation method based on physical models and experimental data not only improves the accuracy of monitoring but also enhances its feasibility and effectiveness in practical engineering applications.

[0152] In some more specific embodiments, a vertical ultrasonic receiver is set in the vertical direction of the surface wave detection position O1. When the surface wave detection position O1 adjusts the ultrasonic incident angle... When a certain value is reached, the first sensing position O2 can receive surface waves transmitted from the surface of the containment vessel. Based on the previously calculated vertical surface wave velocity v... fh By substituting the material's Poisson's ratio μ into the pre-constructed analytical formula for transverse wave calculation, the vertical transverse wave velocity v can be obtained. sh , represented as:

[0153]

[0154] Based on the previously calculated vertical surface wave velocity v fh By substituting the material's Poisson's ratio μ into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating longitudinal waves, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity v can be obtained. ph , represented as:

[0155]

[0156] In some more specific embodiments, a vertical ultrasonic receiver is set in the vertical direction of the surface wave detection position O1. When the surface wave detection position O1 adjusts the ultrasonic incident angle... When a certain value is reached, the second sensing position O3 can receive surface waves transmitted from the surface of the containment vessel. This is based on the previously calculated horizontal surface wave velocity v. fv By substituting the material's Poisson's ratio μ into the pre-constructed analytical formula for transverse wave calculation, the horizontal transverse wave velocity v can be obtained. sv , represented as:

[0157]

[0158] Based on the previously calculated horizontal surface wave velocity v rv By substituting the material's Poisson's ratio μ into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating longitudinal waves, the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity v can be obtained. pv , represented as:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, 0.87 and 1.12 are empirical coefficients, mainly derived from Rayleigh wave velocity theory, used to convert surface wave velocity into transverse wave velocity and longitudinal wave velocity.

[0161] In some embodiments, step S603 involves calculating the branch prestress based on the vertical shear wave velocity, vertical longitudinal wave velocity, horizontal shear wave velocity, horizontal longitudinal wave velocity, material property parameters, reference shear wave velocity, and reference longitudinal wave velocity, to obtain the vertical and horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment vessel.

[0162] It should be noted that the branch prestress calculation is performed based on the four wave velocities (vertical shear wave velocity, vertical longitudinal wave velocity, horizontal shear wave velocity, and horizontal longitudinal wave velocity) obtained in step S602, the material property parameters, and the reference shear wave velocity and reference longitudinal wave velocity obtained in step S601. This calculation process involves complex mathematical models, such as using empirical formulas or theoretical models between wave velocity and stress to calculate the specific values ​​of vertical and horizontal prestress.

[0163] It should be understood that the entire prestress calculation process in this application embodiment embodies a systematic approach, from material properties to wave velocity measurement, and then to stress calculation. By accurately acquiring material parameters and reference wave velocities, combined with surface wave velocities measured on-site, this method can effectively convert ultrasonic detection data into actual prestress values, providing a scientific basis for health monitoring and safety assessment of nuclear power plant containment structures. This method, based on a combination of physical models and actual measurements, not only improves the accuracy of prestress monitoring but also enhances its reliability and practicality.

[0164] Reference Figure 8 According to some embodiments of this application, the material property parameters include shear wave response property parameters and longitudinal wave response property parameters. Step S603 performs branch prestress calculation based on the vertical shear wave velocity, vertical longitudinal wave velocity, horizontal shear wave velocity, horizontal longitudinal wave velocity, material property parameters, reference shear wave velocity, and reference longitudinal wave velocity to obtain the vertical prestress and horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment vessel, which may include:

[0165] Step S801: Substitute the shear wave response characteristic parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, the vertical shear wave velocity, and the horizontal shear wave velocity into the pre-constructed first prestressing element formula for calculation to obtain the first prestressing calculation element.

[0166] Step S802: Substitute the longitudinal wave response characteristic parameters, the reference longitudinal wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, and the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity into the pre-constructed second prestressing element formula for calculation to obtain the second prestressing calculation element.

[0167] Step S803: Based on the difference between the second prestress calculation element and the first prestress calculation element, the vertical prestress is obtained;

[0168] Step S804: The horizontal prestress is obtained by summing the first prestress calculation element and the second prestress calculation element.

[0169] It should be noted that shear wave response parameters and longitudinal wave response parameters are indicators describing the characteristics of a material's internal structure in response to shear and longitudinal waves when subjected to ultrasonic waves. These shear wave response parameters and longitudinal wave response parameters are crucial for accurately calculating prestress, as they reflect the physical properties and mechanical behavior of the material under different wave action.

[0170] Shear wave response parameters primarily reflect a material's response to shear waves. When shear waves (shear waves) propagate through a material, they cause shear deformation. Shear wave response parameters are related to the material's shear modulus, which is an indicator of a material's resistance to shear deformation under shear stress. Shear wave response parameters also reflect the material's stiffness under shear wave action. Higher shear wave response parameter values ​​indicate higher stiffness under shear stress, while lower values ​​indicate softer material or greater damage. These parameters are influenced by the material's composition, microstructure, and defects. For example, the type of aggregate in concrete, the proportion of cement paste, and the presence of cracks all affect its shear wave response characteristics. In this application, shear wave response parameters can be obtained through laboratory tests, such as ultrasonic shear wave testing and dynamic shear tests. They can also be obtained through calculation and fitting of a theoretical model of the material.

[0171] Longitudinal wave response parameters reflect a material's response to longitudinal waves. When longitudinal waves (compression waves) propagate through a material, they cause compression and expansion. These parameters are related to the material's bulk modulus and density; the bulk modulus measures a material's ability to resist volume changes under uniform pressure. Longitudinal wave response parameters also reflect a material's stiffness and density under longitudinal wave action. Higher parameters indicate higher stiffness and density under compression and expansion. These parameters are influenced by the material's composition, porosity, and density. For example, the water-cement ratio, curing conditions, and age of concrete all affect its longitudinal wave response characteristics. In this application, longitudinal wave response parameters can be obtained through laboratory testing, such as ultrasonic longitudinal wave testing and pulse transmission experiments. They can also be calculated and fitted using theoretical models.

[0172] In the monitoring of prestress in the containment structure of nuclear power plants, shear wave response parameters and longitudinal wave response parameters are used to establish the relationship between wave velocity and prestress. By combining these parameters with measured wave velocity data, the prestress state inside the concrete can be calculated more accurately. Specifically, the shear wave response parameters are correlated with shear wave velocity to reflect the prestress state of the material under shear stress. The longitudinal wave response parameters are correlated with longitudinal wave velocity to reflect the prestress state of the material under compressive stress.

[0173] In step S801 of some embodiments, the shear wave response characteristic parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, the vertical shear wave velocity, and the horizontal shear wave velocity are substituted into the pre-constructed first prestressing element formula for calculation to obtain the first prestressing calculation element.

[0174] It should be noted that the shear wave response characteristic parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, the vertical shear wave velocity, and the horizontal shear wave velocity are substituted into the pre-constructed first prestressing element formula. This analytical formula is pre-constructed based on the material's response characteristics under shear wave action and can reflect the relationship between the change in shear wave velocity and the horizontal prestress. By substituting these parameters, the analytical formula calculates an intermediate result, namely the first prestressing calculation element, which initially reflects the prestress information in the horizontal direction.

[0175] In step S802 of some embodiments, the longitudinal wave response characteristic parameters, the reference longitudinal wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, and the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity are substituted into the pre-constructed second prestressing element formula for calculation to obtain the second prestressing calculation element.

[0176] It should be noted that the P-wave response characteristic parameters, the reference P-wave velocity, the vertical P-wave velocity, and the horizontal P-wave velocity are substituted into the pre-constructed second prestressing element formula. This analytical formula, based on the material's response characteristics under P-wave action, is used to establish the relationship between changes in P-wave velocity and vertical prestress. By substituting these parameters, the analytical formula calculates another intermediate result, namely the second prestressing calculation element, which initially reflects the prestressing information in the vertical direction.

[0177] In some embodiments, step S803 involves subtracting the second prestress calculation element from the first prestress calculation element to obtain the vertical prestress.

[0178] It should be noted that a difference calculation is performed between the second and first prestressing calculation elements. The purpose of this operation is to extract information related to vertical prestress. By calculating the difference, interference from other factors can be removed or reduced, resulting in a more accurate vertical prestress value.

[0179] In some embodiments, step S804 involves summing the first prestress calculation element and the second prestress calculation element to obtain the horizontal prestress.

[0180] It should be noted that the calculation is performed by summing the first and second prestressing calculation elements. The purpose of this operation is to combine the prestressing information from both directions and obtain the horizontal prestressing value through summation. This summation process comprehensively considers the prestressing contributions from both the vertical and horizontal directions, thus yielding a more accurate horizontal prestressing result.

[0181] It should be understood that this step-by-step calculation method, by processing information from transverse and longitudinal waves separately and combining it with material property parameters, makes the calculation of prestress more accurate and reliable. Introducing the first and second prestress calculation elements as intermediate variables not only improves the flexibility of the calculation but also enhances the accuracy of the results. This calculation method, based on a combination of physical models and actual measurement data, provides strong technical support for the health monitoring and safety assessment of nuclear power plant containment structures.

[0182] In some more specific embodiments, the reference shear wave velocity is expressed as V. s0 The reference longitudinal wave velocity is expressed as V. p0 The vertical transverse wave velocity is expressed as v. sh The vertical longitudinal wave velocity is expressed as v ph The horizontal transverse wave velocity is expressed as v sv The horizontal longitudinal wave velocity is expressed as v pv The transverse wave response characteristic parameter is represented by k1, and the longitudinal wave response characteristic parameter is represented by k2.

[0183] The shear wave response characteristic parameter k1 and the reference shear wave velocity V are used to determine the shear wave response characteristic parameter k1 and the reference shear wave velocity V. s0 Vertical transverse wave velocity v sh and horizontal transverse wave velocity v sv Substituting the first prestressing element formula into the pre-constructed structure for calculation, we obtain the first prestressing calculation element, expressed as:

[0184]

[0185] The longitudinal wave response characteristic parameter k2 and the reference longitudinal wave velocity V are used to determine the longitudinal wave response characteristic parameter k2 and the reference longitudinal wave velocity V. p0 Vertical longitudinal wave velocity v ph and horizontal longitudinal wave velocity v pv Substituting the pre-constructed second prestressing element formula into the calculation, the second prestressing calculation element is obtained, which is expressed as:

[0186]

[0187] Based on the second prestressing calculation element and the first prestressing calculation element After performing a differential calculation, the vertical prestress is obtained, expressed as:

[0188]

[0189] Based on the first prestress calculation element Second prestress calculation elements After summing, the horizontal prestress is obtained, expressed as:

[0190]

[0191] Reference Figure 9 , Figure 9 This illustration shows the hardware structure of an electronic device according to another embodiment. The electronic device may include:

[0192] The processor 901 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0193] The memory 902 can be implemented as a read-only memory (ROM), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or random access memory (RAM). The memory 902 can store the operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 902 and called and executed by the processor 901 using the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method of the embodiments of this application.

[0194] The input / output interface 903 is used to implement information input and output;

[0195] The communication interface 904 is used to enable communication and interaction between this device and other devices. Communication can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, Ethernet cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0196] Bus 905 transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 901, memory 902, input / output interface 903, and communication interface 904);

[0197] The processor 901, memory 902, input / output interface 903, and communication interface 904 are connected to each other within the device via bus 905.

[0198] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. A processor of a computer device reads and executes the computer program, causing the computer device to perform the above-described method for monitoring the prestress of the nuclear power plant containment structure.

[0199] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in this disclosure and the foregoing drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “including,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0200] It should be understood that in this disclosure, "at least one item" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0201] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0202] In the several embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0203] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0204] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0205] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this disclosure, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium may include: a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0206] It should also be understood that the various implementation methods provided in this application can be combined arbitrarily to achieve different technical effects.

[0207] The above is a detailed description of the embodiments of this disclosure. However, this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device, characterized in that, include: An ultrasonic detection module is used to be installed on the surface of a target containment vessel; wherein, the ultrasonic detection module is capable of generating ultrasonic signals, so that the ultrasonic signals form surface wave signals at the surface wave detection position on the surface of the target containment vessel. A vertical ultrasonic receiver is used to be installed on the surface of the target containment vessel at a first surface wave sensing position, the first surface wave sensing position being in the vertical direction of the surface wave detection position; wherein, the vertical ultrasonic receiver is capable of detecting the vertical surface wave velocity, the vertical surface wave velocity being the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction; A horizontal ultrasonic receiver is used to be installed on the surface of the target containment vessel at a second surface wave sensing position, the second surface wave sensing position being in the horizontal direction of the surface wave detection position; wherein, the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is capable of detecting the horizontal surface wave velocity, the horizontal surface wave velocity being the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the horizontal direction; The prestress calculation module is used to perform prestress calculation based on the vertical surface wave velocity and the horizontal surface wave velocity to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel.

2. The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic detection module includes a concrete pad, one end of which is used to install a surface wave detection position on the surface of the target containment vessel, and the other end of which is equipped with an ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic generator is used to output the ultrasonic signal to the target containment vessel according to the ultrasonic incident angle, which is the angle between the surface of the target containment vessel and the output end of the ultrasonic detection module.

3. The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ultrasonic generator is equipped with an incident adjustment unit, which is used to adjust the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave.

4. The nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the second surface wave sensing position and the surface wave detection position is determined based on the size and curvature of the target containment surface.

5. A method for monitoring the prestress of a nuclear power plant containment vessel, characterized in that, The method, applied to the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprises: The ultrasonic detection module is controlled to generate ultrasonic signals, so that the ultrasonic signals form surface wave signals on the surface of the target containment. The vertical surface wave velocity of the target containment surface is detected by a vertical ultrasonic receiver from the surface wave detection position to the first surface wave sensing position; wherein, the vertical surface wave velocity is the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the vertical direction. The horizontal surface wave velocity on the surface of the target containment is detected by a horizontal ultrasonic receiver from the surface wave detection position to the second surface wave sensing position; wherein, the horizontal surface wave velocity is the transmission speed of the surface wave signal in the horizontal direction; Prestress calculations are performed based on the vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the first sensing position and the surface wave detection position is a first distance. The step of detecting the vertical surface wave velocity transmitted from the surface wave detection position to the first sensing position on the surface of the target containment surface using a vertical ultrasonic receiver includes: In response to the ultrasonic detection module generating a surface wave signal on the target containment, the vertical ultrasonic receiver is controlled to start timing; In response to the vertical ultrasonic receiver receiving the surface wave signal, the vertical ultrasonic receiver is controlled to stop timing, thereby obtaining the signal transmission time slot; The vertical surface wave velocity is determined based on the first distance and the signal transmission time slot.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the second sensing position and the surface wave detection position is the second distance. The step of detecting the horizontal surface wave velocity transmitted from the surface wave detection position to the second sensing position on the surface of the target containment surface using a horizontal ultrasonic receiver includes: In response to the ultrasonic detection module generating a surface wave signal on the target containment, the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is controlled to start timing. In response to the horizontal ultrasonic receiver receiving the surface wave signal, the horizontal ultrasonic receiver is controlled to stop timing, thereby obtaining a signal transmission time slot; The horizontal surface wave velocity is determined based on the second distance and the signal transmission time slot.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the containment component materials corresponding to the target containment; Based on the constituent materials of the containment vessel, the corresponding Poisson's ratio is determined.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of calculating prestress based on the vertical and horizontal surface wave velocities to determine the vertical and horizontal prestresses on the surface of the target containment vessel includes: Obtain the pre-calibrated material property parameters of the target containment, and the reference transverse wave velocity and reference longitudinal wave velocity of the target containment under stress-free conditions; Based on the vertical surface wave velocity, the horizontal surface wave velocity, and the material Poisson's ratio, wave velocity decomposition calculation is performed to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, the horizontal transverse wave velocity, and the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity. Based on the vertical shear wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, the horizontal shear wave velocity, the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity, the material property parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, and the reference longitudinal wave velocity, the branch prestress is calculated to obtain the vertical prestress and the horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment vessel.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of performing wave velocity decomposition calculation based on the vertical surface wave velocity, the horizontal surface wave velocity, and the material Poisson's ratio to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity, vertical longitudinal wave velocity, horizontal transverse wave velocity, and horizontal longitudinal wave velocity includes: The vertical surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the preset analytical formula for transverse wave calculation to obtain the vertical transverse wave velocity. The vertical surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating longitudinal waves to obtain the vertical longitudinal wave velocity. The horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating transverse waves to obtain the horizontal transverse wave velocity. The horizontal surface wave velocity and the material Poisson's ratio are substituted into the pre-constructed analytical formula for calculating longitudinal waves to obtain the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The material property parameters include shear wave response parameters and longitudinal wave response parameters. The calculation of branched prestress based on the vertical shear wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, the horizontal shear wave velocity, the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity, the material property parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, and the reference longitudinal wave velocity to obtain the vertical prestress and the horizontal prestress on the surface of the target containment vessel includes: The shear wave response characteristic parameters, the reference shear wave velocity, the vertical shear wave velocity, and the horizontal shear wave velocity are substituted into the pre-constructed first prestressing element formula for calculation to obtain the first prestressing calculation element. The longitudinal wave response characteristic parameters, the reference longitudinal wave velocity, the vertical longitudinal wave velocity, and the horizontal longitudinal wave velocity are substituted into the pre-constructed second prestressing element formula for calculation to obtain the vertical prestress and the second prestressing calculation element. The vertical prestress is obtained by subtracting the second prestress calculation element and the first prestress calculation element. The horizontal prestress is obtained by summing the first prestress calculation element and the second prestress calculation element.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method as described in any one of claims 5 to 11.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a program that is executed by a processor to implement the nuclear power plant containment prestress monitoring method as described in any one of claims 5 to 11.

Images