Distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device and method. The device comprises a plurality of biotoxicity sensing devices, a control host and an intelligent monitoring system, wherein the plurality of biotoxicity sensing devices are deployed in a monitoring area in a distributed manner and are used for detecting environmental biotoxicity; the control host is used for processing, analyzing, summarizing and storing detection data of each biotoxicity sensing device and uploading the detection data to the intelligent monitoring system; and the intelligent monitoring system is used for displaying the biotoxicity distribution condition in the monitoring area through a graphical interface. The biotoxicity sensing device has the advantages that the biotoxicity sensing device is small in size and can be deployed in a detection area in a distributed mode, and regional monitoring of the environment is achieved; the biotoxicity monitoring device is extremely low in power consumption and can stably operate for a long time; the rapid detection on the comprehensive toxicity of water quality, soil, air and radiation environment can be realized, and the specific response capability on specific substances can also be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of environmental monitoring technology, specifically relating to a distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing environmental pollution, the need for environmental monitoring in modern society is becoming more and more urgent. Environmental toxicity testing has become an important means of assessing environmental safety, playing a vital role in environmental protection, pollution treatment, and environmental health maintenance. Currently, environmental toxicity testing and evaluation mainly employ two methods: physicochemical analysis and biological detection. While physicochemical analysis can quickly and sensitively determine the type and concentration of pollutants, it typically requires large analytical instruments, is complex to operate, and lacks the ability to directly reflect the toxic effects of pollutants on organisms. Biological detection methods primarily utilize the contact between living organisms or biomolecules and pollutants to directly reflect the degree of toxicity of the tested environment through the resulting biological effects. Currently, microorganisms, algae, plankton, and fish are widely used in environmental toxicity testing, with the luminescent bacteria method being the most widely applied due to its simplicity, speed, high sensitivity, and low cost.

[0003] Bioluminescent bacteria are a type of bacteria that emit visible blue-green light in the wavelength range of 450-490 nm under normal physiological conditions. When exposed to toxic or harmful substances, their metabolic processes are disrupted, leading to a decrease in luminescence intensity. The luminescence intensity of the bacteria is inversely proportional to the total concentration of toxic substances present in the sample. The acute toxicity level of the environment can be evaluated by measuring the luminescence inhibition rate of bioluminescent bacteria after exposure to a sample for a specific time. Furthermore, it can also be used to detect the genotoxic effects of environmental toxins. Due to their unique physiological characteristics, bioluminescent bacteria are perfectly suited for use with modern photoelectric detection technologies. Currently, some environmental biotoxicity detection devices based on luminescent bacteria have been launched on the market. Although these devices have made technological breakthroughs, they still have some limitations in practical applications, mainly in the following three aspects: (1) Current biotoxicity detection devices are generally based on natural luminescent bacteria and can only be used for comprehensive biotoxicity detection, lacking the ability to selectively detect specific substances; (2) Existing biotoxicity detection devices generally have problems such as large size, low integration, lack of portability and high cost, making it difficult to adapt to the distributed deployment needs in complex environments, and unable to achieve gridded and full-coverage monitoring of the environment; some devices have high power consumption and rely on external power supply, making it difficult to continuously and stably monitor the working needs for a long time in remote areas, fields and other environments without power supply; (3) Traditional monitoring methods are mostly single-point and intermittent detection, making it difficult to form regional and systematic monitoring networks, and unable to capture the spatial distribution characteristics and dynamic change trends of pollutants in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as lack of selective detection capability for specific substances, difficulty in adapting to the distributed deployment requirements in complex environments, inability to achieve gridded and full-coverage monitoring of the environment, and inability to capture the spatial distribution characteristics and dynamic trends of pollutants in a timely manner.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device, characterized in that the device comprises: multiple biotoxicity sensors, a control host, and an intelligent monitoring system; wherein,

[0006] Multiple of the aforementioned biotoxicity sensing devices are distributed and deployed within the monitoring area for detecting environmental biotoxicity;

[0007] The control host is used to process, analyze, summarize and store the detection data of each of the biotoxicity sensing devices, and upload the detection data to the intelligent monitoring system.

[0008] The intelligent monitoring system is used to display the distribution of biotoxicity within the monitoring area through a graphical interface.

[0009] As an improvement to the aforementioned device, the biotoxicity sensing device includes: a device housing, a microbial reaction tube, a detection circuit, and a power supply battery; wherein...

[0010] The outer shell of the device is made of opaque and / or radiation-proof material, and the interior contains multiple non-interconnected microbial reaction test tubes and a detection circuit slot.

[0011] Multiple microbial reaction tubes are used to collect and test samples and microorganisms; one microbial reaction tube is placed in one microbial reaction tube trough;

[0012] The detection circuit is used to detect the weak bioluminescence of the microbial reaction tube;

[0013] The power supply battery is used to power the detection circuit;

[0014] The detection circuit and the power supply battery are located in the detection circuit slot.

[0015] As an improvement to the above-mentioned device, the detection circuit includes a photoelectric detection module, a signal processing module, a power management module, and a wireless communication module; wherein,

[0016] The photoelectric detection module is used to detect the weak bioluminescence of the microbial reaction tube;

[0017] The signal processing module is connected to the photoelectric sensing module and is used to amplify the collected photocurrent to a measurable level, thereby converting the analog signal into a digital signal.

[0018] The power management module is used to provide a stable voltage;

[0019] The wireless communication module is used to control the detection circuit to communicate with the control host and transmit detection data.

[0020] The power supply battery is connected to the power management module and is used to supply power to the detection circuit.

[0021] As an improvement to the above-mentioned device, the biotoxicity sensing device assesses environmental biotoxicity by detecting the luminescence intensity of the microbial-sample mixture in the microbial reaction tube.

[0022] The microorganisms include naturally occurring luminescent bacteria or luminescent bacteria modified through genetic engineering.

[0023] The genetically engineered luminescent bacteria include a fluorescent protein expression system that specifically responds to toxic substances, or a bioluminescent enzyme expression system.

[0024] The naturally occurring luminescent bacteria are used to detect the overall biotoxicity of the environment; the genetically engineered luminescent bacteria are used to detect the biotoxicity of specific substances.

[0025] As an improvement to the aforementioned device, the intelligent monitoring system includes a cloud platform and a user terminal; wherein,

[0026] The cloud platform includes a device management module, a data visualization module, and a data early warning module; among which...

[0027] The device management module is used to manage the entire lifecycle of the device;

[0028] The data visualization module is used to generate a spatial distribution map of the detection data and to display real-time and historical data of biotoxicity within the monitoring area through an intuitive graphical interface.

[0029] The data early warning module is used to predict and assess potential biotoxicity risks, and triggers an alarm when the detected biotoxicity level exceeds a set safety threshold.

[0030] The user terminal is used to access the cloud platform, view real-time and historical detection data, and receive alarm information and analysis reports from the cloud platform.

[0031] This application also provides a method for monitoring environmental biotoxicity, implemented using the above-mentioned device, the method comprising:

[0032] The prepared sample solutions were added to multiple sets of microbial reaction tubes.

[0033] A 3% NaCl solution was mixed with specific bacteria at a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a control sample. The prepared control solution was added to a microbial reaction tube for calibration and comparison.

[0034] Multiple sets of microbial reaction tubes were placed into the equipment casing, and biotoxicity monitoring was initiated.

[0035] The biotoxicity sensing device continuously monitors for a set period of time, records the luminescence intensity of each microbial reaction tube, and takes the average value of multiple test samples as the luminescence intensity of the sample group. The ratio of the sample group to the control sample is the relative luminescence intensity.

[0036] The relative luminescence intensity was used to assess the biotoxicity of the samples. Based on the established acute toxicity classification standard for water quality, the biotoxicity was classified according to the magnitude of the relative luminescence intensity.

[0037] As an improvement to the above method, when the substance to be tested is a liquid, the water sample to be tested is mixed with special bacteria at a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a sample solution.

[0038] When the sample to be tested is soil or other solid, the solid sample to be tested is mixed with 3% NaCl solution at a ratio of 1:2, and then mixed with special bacterial solution at a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a sample solution.

[0039] When the analyte is a gas, add 3 / 4 of the volume of the special bacterial solution to the microbial reaction tube, and then use a micro air pump to pump the gas to be tested into the microbial reaction tube.

[0040] As an improvement to the above method, when detecting analytes with comprehensive environmental toxicity, the specific bacteria are natural luminescent bacteria;

[0041] When detecting analytes with specific environmental toxicity, the specific bacteria are genetically engineered luminescent bacteria.

[0042] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this application are:

[0043] 1. The biotoxicity monitoring device provided by this invention has a sensor size of only 5 cm * 5 cm * 5 cm and a weight of only 50.7 g. It features a simple structure, convenient operation, low cost, and portability. Multiple biotoxicity sensors can be distributed and deployed in a monitoring area to achieve regional environmental monitoring. Furthermore, the biotoxicity monitoring device has extremely low power consumption and can operate stably for extended periods. This allows the device to be applied in remote areas and field environments, greatly expanding the monitoring range, reducing maintenance costs, and improving the feasibility and practicality of monitoring.

[0044] 2. The biotoxicity monitoring device supports two detection modes: naturally luminescent bacteria and engineered bacteria. Using naturally luminescent bacteria for comprehensive biotoxicity monitoring enables rapid detection of the overall toxicity of water, soil, air, and radiation environments, covering a variety of common toxic substances such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, and pesticide residues. This allows for timely reflection of the combined impact of multiple pollutants in the environment. Using engineered bacteria to detect specific toxic substances such as radiation, genetic engineering techniques are used to modify E. coli or other bacterial species to give them specific responses to certain substances. This not only expands the device's detection range but also improves the targeting and accuracy of the detection, providing more comprehensive and reliable data support for environmental risk assessment and pollution prevention.

[0045] 3. The intelligent monitoring system provided by this invention enables real-time data updates and data sharing, greatly improving monitoring efficiency and data timeliness. Through the collaborative work of the device management module, data visualization module, and data early warning module of the cloud platform, users can view real-time and historical biotoxicity data within the monitoring area anytime, anywhere via a dedicated APP, enabling users to promptly grasp environmental changes and quickly respond to potential environmental risks. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the principle framework of a distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device.

[0047] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of the external structure of a biotoxicity sensor.

[0048] Figure 3 The image shown is an internal perspective view of the biotoxicity sensor.

[0049] Figure 4 The diagram shown is the circuit control connection diagram of the detection circuit;

[0050] Figure 5 The image shows the results of continuous monitoring of luminescence intensity in a mixture of 150 μL 3% NaCl solution and 50 μL naturally luminescent bacteria.

[0051] Figure 6 The image shows the test results for zinc sulfate solutions of different concentrations. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0054] This invention provides a distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device, comprising multiple biotoxicity sensors, a control host, and an intelligent monitoring system. The biotoxicity sensors are communicatively connected to the control host, and the control host interacts with the intelligent monitoring system. The biotoxicity sensors are distributed across the monitoring area, detecting environmental biotoxicity in real time and generating detection data, which is then transmitted to the control host. The control host processes, analyzes, summarizes, and stores the detection data from each biotoxicity sensor, and simultaneously uploads the data to the intelligent monitoring system. The intelligent monitoring system displays the distribution of biotoxicity within the monitoring area through a graphical interface, including real-time data on toxicity levels, toxicity change trends, and geographical location information.

[0055] The biotoxicity sensing device includes a housing, microbial reaction tubes, a detection circuit, and a power supply battery. The housing is made of a robust, durable, and opaque material (and also requires radiation protection when detecting in a radiation environment), measuring 5 cm x 5 cm x 5 cm, and is adaptable to harsh environmental conditions. The microbial reaction tubes, located inside the housing, are used to collect the test samples and microorganisms. The detection circuit, placed side-by-side with the microbial reaction tubes, includes a photoelectric detection module, a signal processing module, a power management module, and a wireless communication module. The photoelectric detection module detects the weak bioluminescence emitted by the microbial reaction tubes. The signal processing module, connected to the photoelectric sensing module, amplifies the collected photocurrent to a measurable level, converting the analog signal into a digital signal. The power management module provides a stable voltage. The wireless communication module controls communication between the detection circuit and the control host for data transmission. The power supply battery, connected to the power management module, powers the detection circuit. In other embodiments, the size and shape of the biotoxicity sensing device can be adjusted according to the size of the microbial reaction tubes, detection circuit, etc., or according to the state of the sample to be tested.

[0056] Biotoxicity sensing devices assess environmental biotoxicity by detecting the luminescence intensity of a mixture of microorganisms and a sample in a microbial reaction tube. The microorganisms include naturally occurring luminescent bacteria or genetically engineered luminescent bacteria, including fluorescent protein (FP) expression systems that respond to specific toxic substances, and bioluminescent enzyme expression systems (Lux CDABE). Naturally occurring luminescent bacteria can be used to detect overall environmental biotoxicity. Engineered bacteria can be used to detect the biotoxicity of specific substances.

[0057] The control host can be a standard desktop computer or an industrial-grade computer, communicating with multiple biotoxicity sensors via Bluetooth and exchanging data with the intelligent monitoring system via the MQTT protocol. In other embodiments, the biotoxicity sensors and the control host can also use other communication protocols, such as Wi-Fi; the biotoxicity sensors and the intelligent monitoring system can also use other protocols, such as HTTP, for data exchange.

[0058] The intelligent monitoring system comprises a cloud platform and user terminals. The cloud platform includes an equipment management module, a data visualization module, and a data early warning module. The equipment management module manages the entire lifecycle of the device. The data visualization module generates spatial distribution maps of the detection data, displaying real-time and historical biotoxicity data within the monitoring area through an intuitive graphical interface. The data early warning module predicts and assesses potential biotoxicity risks; when the detected biotoxicity level exceeds a preset safety threshold, the data early warning module immediately triggers an alarm and notifies the user through various means, including SMS and app push notifications. The user terminal refers to the user accessing the cloud platform via a dedicated app. Users can view real-time and historical detection data, and also receive alarm information and analysis reports from the cloud platform.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device, comprising multiple biotoxicity sensors 1, a control host 2, and an intelligent monitoring system 3. The biotoxicity sensors 1 are communicatively connected to the control host 2, and the control host 2 interacts with the intelligent monitoring system 3. The biotoxicity sensors 1 are distributed across a monitoring area, detecting environmental biotoxicity at different locations within the area and transmitting the detected data to the control host 2. The control host 2 then uploads the detected data to the intelligent monitoring system 3. In this embodiment, the control host 2 is initially a laptop computer, communicating with the biotoxicity sensors 1 using the I2C protocol. The intelligent monitoring system 3 includes a cloud platform and a user terminal. Specifically, the cloud platform is the Alibaba Cloud IoT platform, which interacts with the control host 2 via the MQTT protocol, generating a spatial distribution map of the detected data and displaying real-time and historical biotoxicity data within the monitoring area through an intuitive graphical interface. The user terminal is a dedicated app, allowing users to access the cloud platform, view real-time and historical detection data, and remotely configure and manage the biotoxicity sensors 1 on the user terminal, such as adjusting the detection frequency and modifying warning thresholds.

[0061] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3The biotoxicity sensing device of the present invention includes a device housing 11, a detection circuit 13, a power supply battery 14, and microbial reaction tubes 15. In this embodiment, the device housing 11 is made of an opaque and radiation-proof material, or it can be directly 3D printed. The device housing 11 contains multiple non-interconnected microbial reaction tube slots 12 and a detection circuit slot. Each microbial reaction tube slot 12 holds one microbial reaction tube 15, and the detection circuit slot holds the detection circuit 13 and the power supply battery 14, which supplies power to the detection circuit 13. The design of multiple microbial reaction tube slots 12 and the detection circuit slot isolates the device from interference from ambient light, prevents interference between each detection channel, and allows for easy replacement or charging of the power supply battery 14. The microbial reaction tube slots 12 and the detection circuit slot also prevent damage to the electronic circuitry from radiation when detecting radiation environments. Specifically, taking the detection of water quality samples in the aquatic environment as an example, naturally luminescent bacteria are selected as the microorganisms. The microbial reaction tube 15 is a 200μL centrifuge tube made of polypropylene. The water quality sample solution and the luminescent bacteria solution are added to the microbial reaction tube 15 at a ratio of 3:1, and then inserted into the microbial reaction tube slot 12. The detection circuit 13 includes a photoelectric detection module 131, a signal processing module 132, a power management module 133, and a wireless communication module 134. The connections between the modules are as follows: Figure 4 As shown. In this embodiment, the photoelectric detection module 131 uses a photodiode, model Hamamatsu S1226-5BK. The photosensitive surface of the photodiode faces the microbial reaction tube 15 and can detect bioluminescence with photocurrent at the pA level, thereby transmitting the electrical signal to the signal processing module 132. The signal processing module 132 includes an amplification circuit, a filtering circuit, and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit. The amplification circuit uses a precision operational amplifier LMP7721MANOPB, the filtering circuit uses a low-pass filter, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit uses a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter, model ADS1115IRUGR. The power management module 133 uses a low-dropout linear voltage regulator chip XC6206P332MR-G to stabilize the power supply voltage at 3.3V. The wireless communication module 134 uses a high-performance, low-power Bluetooth system-on-a-chip nRF52832 to communicate with the control host 2. The power supply battery 14 is a lithium battery used to power the detection circuit 13.

[0062] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 The device is equipped with four microbial reaction tube slots 12, including three sets of sample channels and one set of control channels, each set of channels being equipped with the aforementioned photoelectric detection module. In other embodiments, the device housing 11 may contain more microbial reaction tube slots 12.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This embodiment provides an environmental biotoxicity monitoring method based on the aforementioned monitoring device. Specifically, taking radiation detection as an example, engineered bacteria are selected, and the modification process of the engineered bacteria is through genetic engineering. The recA gene is selected as the sensing element, and the RFP gene is selected as the reporter element. After constructing the plasmid, it is inserted into Escherichia coli DH5α. When engineered bacteria are placed in a radiation environment, their luminescence intensity increases with irradiation time. By detecting changes in luminescence intensity, the biotoxicity of the tested radiation environment can be determined. In other embodiments, different engineered bacteria are designed according to the specific substance to be detected. For example, when the substance to be detected is arsenic ions, the sensing element is ArsR protein, and the reporter element is GFP. When the substance to be detected is cadmium ions, the sensing element is PcadA, and the reporter element is GFP.

[0065] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0066] This invention can detect biotoxicity in various environments, including water, soil and air in a comprehensive environment, as well as water, soil and air in a specific environment (such as a radiation environment).

[0067] In this invention, when testing water samples under a comprehensive environment, the water sample to be tested is first mixed with naturally luminescent bacteria at a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a test sample. The prepared sample solution is then added to the microbial reaction tubes of three sample channels. Simultaneously, a 3% NaCl solution is mixed with naturally luminescent bacteria at a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a control sample. This control solution is added to the microbial reaction tube of the control channel for calibration and comparison. The four sets of microbial reaction tubes are then inserted into their corresponding microbial reaction tube slots. The biotoxicity device is then activated, continuously monitoring for 15 minutes and recording the luminescence intensity of each channel at 15 minutes. The average value of the three sample channels is taken as the luminescence intensity of the sample group, and its ratio to the control channel is the relative luminescence intensity. The relative luminescence intensity is used to assess the biotoxicity of the sample. According to the acute toxicity grading standard for water quality established by the Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the biotoxicity is classified into low toxicity, moderate toxicity, severe toxicity, high toxicity, and extremely toxicity based on the magnitude of the relative luminescence intensity, as shown in Table 1. Table 1. Water Quality Acute Toxicity Classification Standards

[0068] Table 1. Water Quality Acute Toxicity Classification Standards

[0069] Relative luminous intensity Toxicity level >70% Low toxicity 50% ~ 70% Poisoning 30% ~ 50% Severe poisoning 0% ~ 30% Highly toxic 0 Highly poisonous

[0070] The intelligent monitoring system can display real-time and historical detection data through an intuitive graphical interface and generate a spatial distribution map of the detection data. Users can view real-time and historical data on biotoxicity within the monitoring area through a dedicated app. If the detection result exceeds the warning threshold, users can access the specific data for that detection and learn the exact location information of the sample.

[0071] The method of this invention can also be used to detect soil and air in a comprehensive environment. The main difference in the detection steps for different detection objects lies in the different sample introduction methods:

[0072] For soil testing, the soil sample was mixed with a 3% NaCl solution at a ratio of 1:2 to obtain the test sample. This mixture was then added to a microbial reaction tube as the experimental group, and a 3% NaCl solution mixed with the luminescent bacteria solution at a ratio of 3:1 was added to the same tube as the control group. The biotoxicity of the test sample was determined by the ratio of the luminescence intensity of the experimental group to that of the control group after 15 minutes of reaction. In other embodiments, the method for testing solid samples was the same as that for soil testing.

[0073] For air detection, a luminescent bacteria solution with a volume of 3 / 4 of the microbial reaction tube volume was added to the microbial reaction tube. The air to be tested was then pumped into the microbial reaction tube using a micro air pump as the experimental group. A luminescent bacteria solution with a volume of 3 / 4 of the microbial reaction tube volume was added to the microbial reaction tube as the control group. The biotoxicity of the test sample was determined by the ratio of the luminescence intensity of the experimental group to that of the control group after 15 minutes of reaction.

[0074] The method of this invention can also be used for specific environmental detection. For specific environmental detection, water quality, soil, and air quality in a specific environment can be tested. The difference is that water quality, soil, and air detection in a normal, comprehensive environment uses naturally occurring luminescent bacteria, while specific environmental detection uses genetically engineered bacteria (referred to as engineered bacteria). Engineered bacteria are not originally luminescent, but they emit light in a specific response to a certain substance. The biotoxicity sensing device of this invention is used to detect changes in their luminescence intensity.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, a repeatability experiment was conducted on a mixed solution of 150 μL 3% NaCl solution and 50 μL naturally luminescent bacteria using the biotoxicity sensing device of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the test results of the present invention have good reproducibility, indicating that the present invention can be used for on-site water quality testing.

[0076] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, zinc sulfate solutions of different concentrations were tested sequentially using the device of the present invention, with a microplate reader used for comparison. The results show that the detection results of the present invention and the microplate reader are basically consistent, indicating that the detection device of the present invention can respond sensitively, rapidly, and accurately to toxic substances of different concentrations.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of this application do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application, and should all be covered within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device, characterized in that, The device includes: multiple biotoxicity sensors, a control host, and an intelligent monitoring system; wherein... Multiple of the aforementioned biotoxicity sensing devices are distributed and deployed within the monitoring area for detecting environmental biotoxicity; The control host is used to process, analyze, summarize and store the detection data of each of the biotoxicity sensing devices, and upload the detection data to the intelligent monitoring system. The intelligent monitoring system is used to display the distribution of biotoxicity within the monitoring area through a graphical interface.

2. The distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biotoxicity sensing device includes: a device housing, a microbial reaction tube, a detection circuit, and a power supply battery; wherein... The outer shell of the device is made of opaque and / or radiation-proof material, and the interior contains multiple non-interconnected microbial reaction test tubes and a detection circuit slot. Multiple microbial reaction tubes are used to collect and test samples and microorganisms; one microbial reaction tube is placed in one microbial reaction tube trough; The detection circuit is used to detect the weak bioluminescence of the microbial reaction tube; The power supply battery is used to power the detection circuit; The detection circuit and the power supply battery are located in the detection circuit slot.

3. The distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection circuit includes a photoelectric detection module, a signal processing module, a power management module, and a wireless communication module; wherein, The photoelectric detection module is used to detect the weak bioluminescence of the microbial reaction tube; The signal processing module is connected to the photoelectric sensing module and is used to amplify the collected photocurrent to a measurable level, thereby converting the analog signal into a digital signal. The power management module is used to provide a stable voltage; The wireless communication module is used to control the detection circuit to communicate with the control host and transmit detection data. The power supply battery is connected to the power management module and is used to supply power to the detection circuit.

4. The distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The biotoxicity sensing device assesses environmental biotoxicity by detecting the luminescence intensity of the mixture of microorganisms and samples in the microbial reaction tube. The microorganisms include naturally occurring luminescent bacteria or luminescent bacteria modified through genetic engineering. The genetically engineered luminescent bacteria include a fluorescent protein expression system that specifically responds to toxic substances, or a bioluminescent enzyme expression system. The naturally occurring luminescent bacteria are used to detect the overall biotoxicity of the environment; the genetically engineered luminescent bacteria are used to detect the biotoxicity of specific substances.

5. The distributed environmental biotoxicity monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent monitoring system includes a cloud platform and user terminals; wherein... The cloud platform includes a device management module, a data visualization module, and a data early warning module; among which... The device management module is used to manage the entire lifecycle of the device; The data visualization module is used to generate a spatial distribution map of the detection data and to display real-time and historical data of biotoxicity within the monitoring area through an intuitive graphical interface. The data early warning module is used to predict and assess potential biotoxicity risks, and triggers an alarm when the detected biotoxicity level exceeds a set safety threshold. The user terminal is used to access the cloud platform, view real-time and historical detection data, and receive alarm information and analysis reports from the cloud platform.

6. An environmental biotoxicity monitoring method, implemented based on the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-5, the method comprising: The prepared sample solutions were added to multiple sets of microbial reaction tubes. A 3% NaCl solution was mixed with specific bacteria at a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a control sample. The prepared control solution was added to a microbial reaction tube for calibration and comparison. Multiple sets of microbial reaction tubes were placed into the equipment casing, and biotoxicity monitoring was initiated. The biotoxicity sensing device continuously monitors for a set period of time, records the luminescence intensity of each microbial reaction tube, and takes the average value of multiple test samples as the luminescence intensity of the sample group. The ratio of the sample group to the control sample is the relative luminescence intensity. The relative luminescence intensity was used to assess the biotoxicity of the samples. Based on the established acute toxicity classification standard for water quality, the biotoxicity was classified according to the magnitude of the relative luminescence intensity.

7. The environmental biotoxicity monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the substance to be tested is a liquid, the water sample to be tested is mixed with special bacteria at a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a sample solution; When the sample to be tested is soil or other solid, the solid sample to be tested is mixed with 3% NaCl solution at a ratio of 1:2, and then mixed with special bacterial solution at a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a sample solution. When the analyte is a gas, add 3 / 4 of the volume of the special bacterial solution to the microbial reaction tube, and then use a micro air pump to pump the gas to be tested into the microbial reaction tube.

8. The environmental biotoxicity monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When testing analytes for comprehensive environmental toxicity, the specific bacteria are naturally occurring luminescent bacteria; When detecting analytes with specific environmental toxicity, the specific bacteria are genetically engineered luminescent bacteria.

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