Nondestructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system and detection method

Abstract

The application provides a nondestructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system and a detection method, and relates to the technical field of spiral blade wear detection.The nondestructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system comprises at least one set of sensing components and a processing terminal.Each set of sensing components comprises at least one sensing unit arranged on the cylinder of a spiral conveyor.Each sensing unit is suitable for acquiring the change in magnetic induction intensity of the spiral blade wear or the rotation process of the spiral blade towards or away from the sensing unit in the detection range and outputting a detection signal.The processing terminal is in communication connection with the sensing unit and is suitable for obtaining a detection curve representing the change in the relative position of the spiral blade and the sensing unit according to the detection signal, comparing the detection curve with a preset calibration data set, and determining the wear amount of the spiral blade in the detection range according to the matching degree of the detection curve and the calibration data set.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spiral blade wear detection technology, specifically to a real-time monitoring system for non-destructive spiral blade wear and a detection method applicable to the real-time monitoring system for non-destructive spiral blade wear. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of tunnel boring machines (TBMs), the screw conveyor, as a core conveying equipment, plays a crucial role in transporting excavated soil and regulating earth pressure. However, during long-term operation, the screw blades and the inner wall of the cylinder will wear down due to continuous friction with the excavated soil, resulting in a gradual reduction in blade diameter and thinning of the cylinder wall. This not only affects conveying efficiency but may also lead to construction safety hazards.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly employs two detection methods: disassembly-based and non-disassembly-based. The former requires manual inspection through an observation port after the machine is stopped, which is inefficient and prone to errors. The latter, while avoiding equipment disassembly, suffers from insufficient measurement accuracy, impacts on structural strength, or the need for downtime analysis. For example, mechanical contact measurement requires work interruption, embedded resistance detection weakens structural strength, and visual inspection methods are significantly affected by environmental dust. None of these methods can meet the requirements for real-time and accurate monitoring. These traditional methods struggle to achieve stable, reliable, and real-time monitoring results under complex working conditions with high dust and strong vibration, failing to provide effective protection for construction safety.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need to develop a new blade wear monitoring solution that can achieve non-destructive, non-contact, and high-precision real-time wear monitoring under normal equipment operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring system for non-destructive spiral blade wear and a detection method applicable to the real-time monitoring system for non-destructive spiral blade wear. The system detects the change in sensor voltage caused by the change in magnetic induction intensity during spiral blade wear or rotation, and compares it with calibration data to obtain the actual wear amount and blade profile of the spiral blade.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a real-time monitoring system for wear of non-destructive spiral blades is provided, comprising at least one set of sensing components and a processing terminal. Each set of sensing components includes at least one sensing unit disposed on the cylinder of a spiral conveyor. Each of the aforementioned sensing units is adapted to acquire the wear of the spiral blades within the detection range or the change in magnetic induction intensity during rotation toward and away from the sensing unit, and outputs a detection signal. The processing terminal is communicatively connected to the aforementioned sensing units and is adapted to obtain a detection curve characterizing the change in the relative position of the spiral blades and the aforementioned sensing units based on the detection signals, and compare it with a preset calibration data set to determine the amount of wear of the spiral blades within the detection range based on the matching degree between the detection curves and the calibration data set.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sensing unit is a magnetic sensor, and the detection axis of the magnetic sensor is arranged radially along the spiral blade.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least three sensing units are provided on the spiral blades within a single spiral cycle, and the at least three sensing units are evenly spaced along the spiral direction of the spiral blades to form a multi-point detection array.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the processing terminal is further configured to fit and form a three-dimensional image characterizing the profile of the helical blade within the detection range based on the wear amount.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, multiple sets of the above-mentioned sensing components are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the above-mentioned cylinder at intervals equal to the pitch of the above-mentioned helical blades.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the processing terminal is configured to obtain the wear amount of the spiral blade that rotates to face the sensing unit by comparing the maximum value at the center of each of the above detection curves with a preset calibration data set, and / or obtain two wear amounts that rotate to the edge of the detection range by comparing the minimum values ​​at both ends of each of the above detection curves with a preset calibration data set.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the calibration data set includes detection data obtained by detecting the change in magnetic induction intensity of the standard spiral blade facing the sensing unit within the detection range when the distance between the sensing unit and the spiral blade varies within a preset range.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a signal transmission component is further included, connected between the processing terminal and the sensing component, for transmitting the detection signal output by the sensing unit.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal transmission component includes a hub and a protective tube. The hub is disposed on the outer wall of the cylinder and is connected to the processing terminal and at least one sensing unit via cables. The protective tube is sleeved over the cables, and both ends of the protective tube are sealed to the interfaces of the hub and the sensing component via sealing joints.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sensing assembly further includes: at least one mounting base and a seal. The mounting base is disposed in a pre-set mounting hole in the cylindrical body for mounting the sensing unit; the seal is disposed between the sensing unit and the mounting base.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a detection method is provided for a real-time monitoring system for wear of non-destructive spiral blades. The monitoring system includes at least one sensing component and a processing terminal. Each sensing component includes multiple sensing units. The method is characterized by the following operations: acquiring changes in magnetic induction intensity generated during wear or rotation of the spiral blades in real time through the sensing component installed on the cylinder, and converting the magnetic induction intensity into a voltage signal output; recording the voltage peak value, two adjacent voltage valley values, the time interval between the voltage peak value and each voltage valley value, and the time interval between two voltage peak values ​​in two adjacent rotation cycles within a complete rotation cycle; matching the voltage peak value, two voltage valley values, and the time interval with a preset calibration data set to obtain the real-time wear amount of the spiral blades at the positions corresponding to the voltage peak value and the two voltage valley values.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the real-time rotational speed of the helical blade is calculated based on the time interval between two voltage peaks within two adjacent rotation cycles; based on the real-time rotational speed, the time interval between the voltage peak and each voltage valley is converted into an angle value, and the real-time detection position of the helical blade corresponding to each voltage valley is determined.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the detection method further includes the following operations: based on the real-time wear amount of the plurality of the above-mentioned sensing components, fitting the wear profile curve of the above-mentioned helical blade by fitting method; when the wear profile curve is detected to deviate from the reference value by more than a preset wear amount, generating a wear alarm signal; when the wear profile curve is detected to change abruptly by more than a threshold, generating a blade defect alarm signal and outputting the coordinate information of the defect location.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the detection method further includes the operation of generating a screw shaft stop alarm when the voltage signal output by at least one of the above-mentioned sensing components remains unchanged over multiple sampling periods.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the calibration data set includes a static calibration dataset and a dynamic calibration dataset.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operation of matching the voltage peak, the two voltage valleys, and the time interval with a preset calibration data set further includes: mounting the sensing unit as a calibration sensor directly above the helical blade, aligning the outer edge of the helical blade with the center of the sensitive axis of the calibration sensor, and locking it in place; gradually increasing the distance between the calibration sensor and the outer edge of the helical blade in 1mm increments along the radial direction of the helical blade until the distance reaches 60mm, recording the output voltage signal of the calibration sensor at each of the above distances; and generating the above static calibration dataset containing the distance-voltage mapping relationship based on the correspondence between the distance and the output voltage signal.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operation of matching the voltage peak, the two voltage valleys, and the time interval with a preset calibration data set further includes: driving the helical shaft to rotate at a constant calibration speed; gradually increasing the distance between the calibration sensor and the outer edge of the helical blade in 1mm increments until the distance reaches 60mm; continuously acquiring the output voltage signal of the calibration sensor at each distance, recording the voltage signal peak, two adjacent voltage signal valleys, the time interval between the voltage peak and the two voltage valleys, and the time interval between two voltage peaks in two adjacent rotation cycles in each rotation cycle; and generating the dynamic calibration dataset based on the correspondence between the voltage peak, voltage valley, and time interval.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operation of collecting changes in magnetic induction intensity generated by wear or rotation of the helical blades in real time by means of a sensing component installed on the cylinder further includes: providing multiple sets of mounting holes at intervals equal to the pitch of the helical blades in the axial direction of the cylinder, with at least three mounting holes evenly distributed along the helical direction of the helical blades in each set; providing a mounting base outside the mounting holes, embedding the sensing unit into the mounting holes, with the sensitive axis of the sensing unit pointing towards the axis of the helical blades; and providing a sealing element between the sensing unit and the mounting base, and fixing it with a fastener to form a waterproof sealing structure.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the detection method further includes the following operations: measuring and recording the distance from the outer edge of the spiral blade to the cylinder and calculating the installation distance from the outer edge of the spiral blade to the sensing unit, reading the voltage peak value output by each sensing unit, obtaining the initial distance from the sensing unit to the spiral blade according to a preset calibration data set, and verifying the installation accuracy.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the detection method further includes the following operations: acquiring a voltage signal of the sensing unit within a complete rotation cycle, including a voltage peak value, two adjacent voltage valley values, and a time interval between the voltage peak value and each voltage valley value, as well as a time interval between voltage peak values ​​in two adjacent rotation cycles; acquiring the wear amount of the helical blade at the corresponding position based on the voltage signals of the plurality of sensing components, and fitting and generating an initial profile curve of the helical blade.

[0026] The non-destructive real-time wear monitoring system for spiral blades provided by embodiments of the present invention achieves non-contact real-time monitoring of spiral blade wear through the principle of magnetic induction. Multiple sensing units are arranged within the spiral conveyor cylinder, accurately capturing voltage changes caused by wear or variations in magnetic induction intensity due to the direction or distance of the spiral blade from the sensing units during rotation. The processing terminal analyzes the waveform characteristics and amplitude changes of the detected signals, and, in conjunction with a preset calibration data set, can obtain the wear amount at the monitored location of the spiral blade in real time and display the blade profile. This achieves truly non-destructive online monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 An assembly schematic diagram of a non-destructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 2 A coordinate graph of the detection curve according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A structural diagram from a first perspective of a non-destructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 4 A flowchart of a detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A structural diagram from a second perspective of the non-destructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a sensing unit detecting a spiral blade directly below is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a sensing unit detecting a spiral blade at the edge of a detection range according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0034] Figure 8 A perspective view of a signal transmission component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 9An exploded view of a sensing component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] In the accompanying drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0037] 1. Sensing components;

[0038] 11. Sensing unit;

[0039] 12. Mounting base;

[0040] 121. Sealing groove;

[0041] 13. Sealing components;

[0042] 14. First fastener;

[0043] 2. Cylinder body;

[0044] 3. Spiral blades;

[0045] 4. Signal transmission components;

[0046] 41. Hub;

[0047] 42. Cables;

[0048] 43. Protective tube;

[0049] 44. Sealed joint;

[0050] 45. Base plate;

[0051] 46. ​​Conduit clips;

[0052] 47. Second fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0054] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0055] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0056] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0057] Existing technologies for detecting wear on screw conveyor blades are mainly divided into two categories: disassembly-based and non-disassembly-based methods. Disassembly-based detection requires opening the equipment casing or observation window, and manual assessment of the wear level by visual inspection or using a ruler, resulting in low detection efficiency and large errors. While non-disassembly-based detection avoids equipment disassembly, existing technical solutions still have significant shortcomings: For example, the method of installing a retractable measuring rod by drilling holes in the cylinder cannot achieve real-time monitoring because the measuring rod needs to be retracted during operation; the method of embedding resistance bars in the blades or cylinder weakens the structural strength because drilling holes in the screw blades to install resistance bars and wiring is required; and visual inspection-based methods suffer from insufficient measurement accuracy and cannot achieve real-time monitoring due to soil obstruction and adherence to the blades during operation. These methods all fail to meet the technical requirements of real-time, accurate, and non-destructive monitoring during construction.

[0058] This invention is based on the magnetic field changes caused by the wear or rotation of a spiral blade in a magnetic field. It sets up a magnetic sensor and provides a real-time monitoring system for non-destructive spiral blade wear and a detection method applicable to the real-time monitoring system for non-destructive spiral blade wear. The system performs online detection and obtains the actual wear amount and blade profile of the spiral blade based on the detection data and by comparing it with calibration data.

[0059] Figure 1 An assembly schematic diagram of a non-destructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A coordinate graph of the detection curve according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A structural diagram from a first-view perspective of a non-destructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0060] Embodiments of the present invention provide a non-destructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system for realizing real-time online detection of the wear condition of spiral blades in a spiral conveyor, such as... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the monitoring system includes at least one set of sensing components 1 and a processing terminal (not shown) communicatively connected to them. Specifically, each set of sensing components 1 includes at least one sensing unit 11, disposed on the cylinder 2 of the screw conveyor. Each sensing unit 11 is suitable for acquiring changes in magnetic induction intensity during the wear or rotation of the screw blade 3 towards and away from the sensing unit 11 within the detection range, and outputs a detection signal. The processing terminal is suitable for obtaining a detection curve characterizing the change in the relative position of the screw blade 3 and the sensing unit 11 based on the detection signal. Figure 2 (as shown), and compare it with a preset calibration data set to determine the wear amount of the spiral blade 3 within the detection range based on the matching degree between the detection curve and the calibration data set.

[0061] In detail, the sensing unit 11 is used to acquire in real time the changes in magnetic induction intensity generated during the wear or rotation of the helical blade 3. Specifically, when the helical blade 3 rotates through the detection range of the sensing unit 11, the position of the helical blade 3 and the sensing unit 11 changes. Simultaneously, the wear of the helical blade 3 also causes changes in its geometric dimensions, resulting in a change in the distance between the helical blade 3 and the sensing unit 11, thereby causing a change in magnetic induction intensity. The sensing unit 11 converts the detected change in magnetic induction intensity into a corresponding electrical signal and outputs it to the processing terminal. The processing terminal has a built-in signal processing algorithm that performs time-frequency analysis, feature extraction, and pattern recognition on the received detection signal to obtain a detection curve characterizing the change in the relative position between the helical blade 3 and the sensing unit 11. The detection curve is as follows: Figure 2 The solid line shows the "sensor output voltage-time" curve (Ut curve), which is compared with the preset calibration data to accurately obtain the wear amount and distribution of the spiral blade 3, and display the blade profile.

[0062] based on Figure 2 The detection curve features are shown in the figure. The initial curve shown by the dashed line represents the initial detection state of the helical blade 3 or the state when it is not worn. As the helical blade 3 wears continuously, the blade diameter decreases, and its outer edge and the sensing unit 11 undergo radial displacement, resulting in a decrease in the effective coupling area of ​​the detection area of ​​the two. This eventually leads to a double attenuation of the detection signal, with the signal amplitude decreasing monotonically and the waveform characteristic timing being significantly compressed. This change law quantitatively reflects the change in the amount of wear on the outer edge of the helical blade 3.

[0063] Based on the above setup, the sensing unit 11, which detects changes in magnetic induction intensity, can accurately capture changes in magnetic induction intensity caused by wear during the rotation of the helical blade 3 and during operation, without affecting the normal operation of the equipment. The signal change is then converted into wear data by a processing terminal, effectively overcoming the technical shortcomings of traditional detection methods, such as requiring machine shutdown, insufficient measurement accuracy, and damage to the equipment structure. Multiple radially arranged sensors fit and display the contour of the helical blade 3.

[0064] In some embodiments, the sensing unit 11 is a magnetic sensor, with its detection axis arranged radially along the helical blade 3. Preferably, the sensing unit 11 has an all-metal housing and is fixedly mounted on the cylinder 2 of the screw conveyor in a non-contact manner with the helical blade 3. In practical applications, multiple sensing units 11 can be arranged circumferentially and axially along the cylinder 2 to form a distributed detection array, depending on monitoring requirements.

[0065] In detail, the sensing unit 11 adopts an all-metal structure with waterproof and dustproof encapsulation design, realizing non-contact, distributed real-time monitoring of the wear state of the spiral blades 3. It has technical advantages such as strong anti-interference ability, simple installation and maintenance, and multi-point synchronous detection, ensuring stable operation under the harsh conditions of high pressure, high wear, high dust, and high moisture content of the spiral conveyor. Furthermore, the processing terminal can integrate a wireless transmission module to realize remote transmission and cloud storage of monitoring data.

[0066] In some embodiments, the sensing unit 11 includes a Hall sensor, a magnetoresistive sensor, or other magnetic sensors to achieve non-contact magnetic signal detection. Specifically, the Hall sensor is based on the Hall effect principle. When the helical blade 3 wears or rotates through the detection area, its metal material disturbs the magnetic field distribution around the sensor, causing the Hall element inside the Hall sensor to output a voltage signal change related to the geometric dimensions of the helical blade 3. The magnetoresistive sensor utilizes the magnetoresistive effect to reflect the change in magnetic induction intensity caused by the wear of the helical blade 3 by detecting the change in the output voltage value of the magnetoresistive resistor.

[0067] In detail, the sensing unit 11 can be a linear Hall sensor, an anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor, or other magnetic sensors, which have high sensitivity and a wide operating temperature range. Meanwhile, the sensing unit 11 is encapsulated in a wear-resistant all-metal IP68-rated housing, filled with thermally conductive silicone to ensure long-term reliable operation in the high-pressure, high-wear, high-dust, and high-moisture environments of the screw conveyor.

[0068] In some embodiments, the sensing unit 11 employs high-precision magnetic induction detection technology, with a built-in sensor with a range ≥80mm, a measurement error controlled within ≤2mm, and an impact resistance ≥5g. It supports wired data transmission via Recommended Standard 485 (RS485) / User Datagram Protocol (UDP). The unit is equipped with a 12-bit high-resolution analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a sampling rate ≥2000Hz, ensuring real-time capture of magnetic induction intensity changes during wear or rotation of the helical blade 3. Three sensing units 11 are installed at each monitoring section to form a detection ring, and the non-destructive helical blade wear real-time monitoring system supports a maximum of 32 sensing units networked together. It uses a standard 24V DC power supply and features three operating modes: real-time detection, interval detection, and command detection.

[0069] Figure 4 A flowchart of a detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0070] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a detection method applicable to a real-time monitoring system for wear of non-destructive spiral blades, including operation S100-operation S300.

[0071] Operation S100: The sensor component 1 installed on the cylinder 2 collects the changes in magnetic induction intensity generated by the wear or rotation of the spiral blade 3 in real time, and converts the magnetic induction intensity into a voltage signal output.

[0072] When the spiral blade 3 wears or rotates, its metallic material causes a periodic change in the magnetic flux density around the sensing unit 11. The magnetic sensing element senses this change in magnetic flux density and outputs a voltage signal that corresponds linearly to it. After amplification and filtering by the built-in signal conditioning circuit, a standardized DC voltage signal is output. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, its voltage amplitude is directly proportional to the magnetic induction intensity, thereby achieving accurate characterization of the blade position and wear condition.

[0073] Operation S200: Record the voltage peak value, two adjacent voltage valley values, the time interval between the voltage peak value and each voltage valley value within a complete rotation cycle, and the time interval between two voltage peak values ​​within two adjacent rotation cycles.

[0074] Operation S300: Match the voltage peak, two voltage valleys and time interval with the preset calibration data set, and calculate the real-time wear of the spiral blade 3 at the corresponding positions of the voltage peak and the two voltage valleys.

[0075] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, operation S200 further includes: operation S210-operation S220.

[0076] Operation S210: Calculate the real-time rotational speed of the helical blade 3 based on the time interval between two voltage peaks within two adjacent rotational cycles. The time interval between the two voltage peaks is also the time of one rotational cycle (i.e., one revolution) of the helical blade 3, so the real-time rotational speed of the helical blade 3 can be calculated.

[0077] Operation S220: Based on the real-time rotational speed, the time interval between the voltage peak and each voltage valley is converted into an angle value, and the real-time detection position of the spiral blade 3 corresponding to each voltage valley is determined.

[0078] Specifically, the correlation calculation between voltage signal time interval and rotational speed is adopted. By converting the voltage peak time interval between adjacent rotation cycles into real-time rotational speed, and further converting the time difference between voltage peak and valley values ​​into angular coordinates, the blade wear position at the voltage valley value can be accurately located.

[0079] Wear Figure 5 A structural diagram from a second perspective of a non-destructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0080] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the monitoring system adopts a circumferential multi-point detection array layout. Specifically, at least three sensing units 11 are set in the spiral blade 3 within a single spiral cycle. The at least three sensing units 11 are evenly spaced along the spiral direction of the spiral blade 3 to form a multi-point detection array.

[0081] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the number of sensing units 11 can be appropriately increased according to the detection accuracy requirements, preferably 3-6.

[0082] In some embodiments, in the orthographic projection of the cylinder 2 along its axial direction, a plurality of sensing units 11 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the helical blade 3, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the center angle interval between the three sensing units 11 is 120°. Each sensing unit 11 uses an independent signal acquisition channel to ensure the data independence of each detection point. This arrangement enables the system to achieve multi-angle synchronous monitoring during the rotation of the helical blade 3. By comparing the detection signals of each sensing unit 11, not only can the overall wear condition of the blade be accurately determined, but also local abnormal wear areas can be identified. In addition, this arrangement also sets up a redundant detection mechanism, so that the system can still maintain monitoring function when individual sensing units 11 fail.

[0083] In an alternative embodiment, in the orthographic projection of the cylinder 2 along its axis, two adjacent sensing units 11 are spaced apart by a fixed central angle. In a specific implementation, three sensing units 11 can be arranged at 60° intervals to cover part of the spiral blades 3 within a single spiral cycle.

[0084] Based on the above configuration, the array of multiple sensing units 11 evenly distributed along the spiral direction of the spiral blade 3 enables synchronous monitoring of multiple angles during the rotation of the spiral blade 3, significantly improving the comprehensiveness and reliability of wear detection. The equiangular interval arrangement ensures the uniformity and comparability of the detection data, which is beneficial for accurately identifying local wear anomalies. The redundant design enhances the fault tolerance of the system, ensuring that basic monitoring functions can still be maintained when some sensors fail, greatly improving the stability and practicality of the non-destructive spiral blade wear real-time monitoring system under actual working conditions.

[0085] In an alternative embodiment, the monitoring system employs an axially equidistant arrangement of sensing units 11. Specifically, at least three sensing units 11 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the helical blade 3 at a fixed interval, preferably set to 1 / 6 to 1 / 3 of the pitch of the helical blade 3. Unlike the circumferentially uniform distribution scheme, in this embodiment, the central angles corresponding to each sensing unit 11 may not be the same, but are dynamically adjusted according to the actual unfolding angle of the helical blade 3.

[0086] In some embodiments, the processing terminal is further configured to fit a three-dimensional image representing the profile of the helical blade 3 within the detection range based on the amount of wear.

[0087] Specifically, the processing terminal intelligently integrates continuous detection signals collected by multiple sensing units 11 during the blade's rotation cycle, compares them with calibration data sets to obtain the wear amount, and fits the blade image to construct a three-dimensional model reflecting the contour of the helical blade 3. This three-dimensional reconstruction method based on multi-sensor collaborative detection achieves three-dimensional and visual monitoring of the wear state of the helical blade 3, significantly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of detection, and providing an intuitive and reliable basis for wear assessment and maintenance decisions.

[0088] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, three sensing units 11 arranged circumferentially at 120° constitute the basic sensing component 1. When the helical blade 3 rotates one revolution, each sensing unit 11 can sequentially detect the wear condition at three different positions on the helical blade 3 (including the position directly below and the edges of the detection range on both sides), thus acquiring wear data for nine feature points on the helical blade 3 with a single rotation. In actual arrangement, the installation position of the sensing unit 11 is optimized to cover a larger area as much as possible. The processing terminal uses a cubic spline interpolation algorithm to perform surface fitting on the data of these discrete detection points, accurately reconstructing the three-dimensional wear morphology of the helical blade 3.

[0089] In some embodiments, the monitoring system employs multiple sets of sensing components 1 arranged in a distributed manner along the axial direction of the screw conveyor cylinder 2. In specific implementation, the axial installation spacing of each set of sensing components 1 is strictly equal to the pitch of the screw blades 3. This equidistant arrangement ensures that each screw cycle can be completely monitored.

[0090] In practical implementation, the axial spacing of the sensing units 11 can be optimized according to the pitch of the spiral blade 3 and the requirements for wear monitoring accuracy. Each sensing unit 11 establishes a communication connection with the processing terminal through a hub, using shielded cable or wireless means, to ensure the stability of signal transmission and anti-interference capability. This axially equidistant sensing array layout not only improves the spatial resolution of detection but also enables differentiated monitoring of wear conditions at different axial positions of the spiral blade 3.

[0091] According to the above configuration, the sensor components 1 arranged at axial intervals form a distributed detection network, which realizes the full-coverage monitoring of the working area of ​​the spiral blade 3. This facilitates the acquisition of the wear amount of the spiral blade 3 along its entire length. Based on the feedback from each group of sensor components 1, a three-dimensional image representing the contour of the spiral blade 3 along its entire length is formed, which significantly improves the spatial resolution and positioning accuracy of wear detection.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring system is also configured with an early warning function, specifically, the early warning function includes operation S400.

[0093] Operation S400: Based on the real-time wear of multiple sensing components 1, the wear profile curve of the helical blade 3 is fitted using a fitting method. Specifically, when the wear of the helical blade 3 exceeds a preset threshold or when the detection signal remains unchanged for an extended period, an alarm signal is issued, providing decision support for equipment maintenance.

[0094] Furthermore, operation S400 also includes: operation S410-operation S430.

[0095] Operation S410: When the wear profile curve is detected to deviate from the reference value by more than the preset wear amount, a wear alarm signal is generated;

[0096] Operation S420: When a sudden change in the wear profile curve is detected that exceeds the threshold, the spiral blade 3 at the detection location is damaged, a blade defect alarm signal is generated and the coordinate information of the defect location is output;

[0097] Operation S430: When the voltage signal output by at least one sensing component 1 remains unchanged for multiple sampling periods, a screw shaft stop alarm is generated.

[0098] Specifically, an alarm is triggered when the wear of the helical blade 3 exceeds a preset threshold. When the helical blade 3 at the detection location breaks, the detection value of the sensing unit 11 will show abnormal data, causing a significant change in the detection value, which will be reflected in the detection curve and trigger an alarm. If the value detected by the sensing unit 11 remains unchanged for an extended period, it can be assumed that the helical blade 3 is not rotating, and the processing terminal will determine that the rotating shaft is broken and trigger an alarm. This monitoring system has technical advantages such as convenient installation, high measurement accuracy, and no impact on normal equipment operation, effectively addressing the shortcomings of existing detection methods.

[0099] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a sensing unit detecting a spiral blade directly below is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a sensing unit detecting a spiral blade at the edge of a detection range according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the processing terminal is configured to obtain the wear amount of the spiral blade 3 that rotates to face the sensing unit 11 by comparing the maximum value at the center of each detection curve with a preset calibration data set, and / or obtain two wear amounts that rotate to the edge of the detection range by comparing the minimum value at both ends of each detection curve with a preset calibration data set.

[0101] In actual testing, the detection curve exhibits a clear periodicity, with its peak value corresponding to the moment when the helical blade 3 rotates to directly below the sensing unit 11 (e.g., ...). Figure 6 (As shown).

[0102] The processing terminal first performs filtering and noise reduction on the detection curve, and then accurately extracts the signal peak value within each cycle. The actual wear amount of the spiral blade 3 rotating directly below the sensing unit 11 is obtained by comparing the measured peak value with a preset calibration data set.

[0103] Furthermore, the processing terminal is also configured to obtain the actual wear amount of the helical blade 3 that has rotated to the edge of the detection range of the sensing unit 11 based on the minimum values ​​at both ends of the detection curve and preset calibration data. When the helical blade 3 rotates to the edge of the detection range of the sensing unit 11 (e.g. Figure 7As shown), the detection curve will symmetrically exhibit characteristic minimum values ​​on both sides of the peak (e.g. Figure 2 (As shown). By precisely recording the sampling interval between the maximum value and the two minimum values ​​and comparing it with preset calibration data, the processing terminal can accurately determine the specific location of the spiral blade 3 corresponding to the two minimum values. At the same time, by comparing with the preset calibration data set, the actual wear amount at the edge position can be directly obtained.

[0104] Based on the above setup, by accurately analyzing the time-domain characteristics of the detection curve, the dual precise determination of the wear location and wear amount of the spiral blade 3 was achieved.

[0105] In practical applications, during the rotation of the helical blade 3, a dynamic relationship is formed between the detection range of the sensing unit and the blade as the helical blade 3 moves. When the helical blade 3 is directly opposite the sensing unit (e.g., ... Figure 6 The sensor's detection range completely covers the blade surface, at which point the magnetic induction signal is strongest, and the output signal reaches its peak. As the helical blade 3 continues to rotate, it gradually moves to the edge of the detection range (e.g., ...). Figure 7 As the contact area between the sensor's detection range and the spiral blade 3 gradually decreases, the magnetic induction signal weakens accordingly. The signal drops to its lowest value when the spiral blade 3 is about to completely move out of the detection range, after which the signal becomes its inherent value when the sensor has no target. Figure 7 The dashed and solid lines shown indicate the states of the helical blade 3 rotating into and out of the detection range, respectively. This periodically changing signal characteristic fully records the entire process of the helical blade 3 entering and leaving the detection range of the sensing unit 11. By referring to the preset calibration data set and analyzing the signal amplitude changes and time interval parameters, the wear amount and rotation position of the blade can be accurately obtained.

[0106] In some embodiments, the calibration data set includes detection data obtained by detecting the change in magnetic induction intensity of a standard spiral blade 3 directly opposite the sensing unit 11 within a detection range when the spacing between the sensing unit 11 and the spiral blade 3 varies within a preset range.

[0107] According to the above setup, by actively adjusting the distance between the sensing unit 11 and the standard spiral blade 3, the distance change between the edge of the spiral blade 3 and the sensing unit 11 caused by wear during actual operation is simulated. By referring to the data changes in the calibration data set, the real-time distance between the spiral blade 3 and the sensing unit 11 is determined based on the changes in the detection data of the sensing unit 11 during the operation of the spiral blade 3. The actual wear amount (i.e., the difference in distance change) is obtained by using the initial distance between the standard spiral blade 3 and the sensing unit 11.

[0108] The calibration data set includes static calibration datasets and dynamic calibration datasets.

[0109] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an operation for obtaining a static calibration dataset is provided, comprising: mounting the sensing unit 11 as a calibration sensor directly above the helical blade 3, aligning the outer edge of the helical blade 3 with the center of the sensitive axis of the calibration sensor and locking it in place; gradually increasing the distance between the calibration sensor and the outer edge of the helical blade 3 radially in 1mm increments until the distance reaches 60mm, recording the output voltage signal of the calibration sensor at each distance; and generating a static calibration dataset containing the distance-voltage mapping relationship based on the correspondence between the distance and the output voltage signal.

[0110] Furthermore, the method for obtaining a dynamic calibration dataset is provided, including: driving the helical shaft to rotate at a constant calibration speed; gradually increasing the distance between the calibration sensor and the outer edge of the helical blade 3 in 1mm increments until the distance reaches 60mm; continuously acquiring the output voltage signal of the calibration sensor at each distance, recording the peak voltage signal, two adjacent voltage valley values, the time interval between the peak voltage signal and the two voltage valley values, and the time interval between the peak voltage signals of two adjacent rotation cycles in each rotation cycle; and generating a dynamic calibration dataset based on the correspondence between the peak voltage signal, the valley voltage signal, and the time interval.

[0111] In some embodiments, the monitoring system is also configured to automatically compensate for the influence of interference factors such as temperature drift and mechanical vibration on the measurement results. Simultaneously, the processing terminal analyzes the peak value variation trend over multiple consecutive cycles to achieve dynamic tracking and prediction of the wear development process of the helical blade 3.

[0112] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a signal transmission component 4, which is connected between the processing terminal and the sensing component 1, and is used to transmit the detection signal output by the sensing unit 11.

[0113] Specifically, the design of the signal transmission component 4 ensures the integrity and reliability of the detection signal from the sensing unit 11 to the processing terminal.

[0114] Figure 8 A perspective view of a signal transmission component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 9 An exploded view of a sensing component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0115] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the signal transmission component 4 includes core components such as a hub 41, a cable 42, a protective tube 43, and a sealing connector 44. The hub 41 is located on the outer wall of the cylinder 2 and is connected to the processing terminal and at least one sensing unit 11 via the cable 42. The protective tube 43 is sleeved over the cable 42 and its two ends are sealed to the interfaces of the hub 41 and the sensing component 1 via the sealing connector 44.

[0116] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hub 41 is encapsulated in a metal housing and fixed to the outer wall of the cylinder 2 by a shockproof base plate 45 welded to the cylinder body. The cable 42 is a bend-resistant shielded twisted pair cable, and the core wire uses silver-plated copper conductors to ensure signal transmission quality. The protective tube 43 is a stainless steel corrugated pipe structure (or a hydraulic pipe structure), and its two ends are sealed to the hub 41 and the sensing component 1 respectively through waterproof sealing joints 44, achieving a protection level of IP68.

[0117] In actual installation, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the protective tube 43 is installed along the outer wall of the cylinder 2, and both ends are fixed to the base plate 45 and the sensing unit 11 by the conduit clip 46 and multiple second fasteners 47.

[0118] Based on the above setup, highly reliable transmission of multiple detection signals is achieved; the sealed connection structure effectively prevents moisture and dust intrusion; the optimized mechanical fixing method ensures the long-term stability of the transmission components under vibration conditions; the overall solution takes into account both signal fidelity and environmental adaptability, providing a solid transmission guarantee for the stable operation of the monitoring system.

[0119] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the sensing assembly 1 also includes at least one mounting base 12 and a seal 13. The mounting base 12 is disposed in a pre-set mounting hole in the cylinder 2 for mounting the sensing unit 11; the seal 13 is disposed between the sensing unit 11 and the mounting base 12.

[0120] Specifically, the mounting base 12 adopts a flange structure and is fixed to the cylinder 2 above the pre-set mounting hole by welding. The mounting base 12 is provided with a guide groove to install the sensing unit 11. Furthermore, the sealing element 13 includes a radial sealing ring made of oil-resistant rubber material, which is disposed in the sealing groove 121 at the end of the mounting base 12. The sensing unit 11 is fixed to the mounting base 12 by the first fastener 14, and a uniform clamping force is applied to the sealing element 13 to achieve sealing protection.

[0121] According to the above configuration, the flange-type mounting base 12 and the mounting hole ensure accurate positioning of the sensing unit 11 and facilitate disassembly and maintenance. At the same time, the sensing unit 11 can directly detect the internal spiral blades 3 through the cylinder 2, thereby avoiding the influence of the material of the cylinder 2 on the sensing unit 11. The sealing element 13 effectively prevents the leakage of slag and mud from the cylinder 2. The overall structure ensures sealing performance while taking into account installation accuracy and maintenance convenience, significantly improving the long-term working stability of the sensing component 1 under harsh working conditions.

[0122] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring system can be applied to a tunnel boring machine, realizing intelligent monitoring of the working status of the screw conveyor.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operation of collecting the change in magnetic induction intensity generated by the wear or rotation of the spiral blade 3 in real time by the sensing component 1 installed on the cylinder 2 specifically includes: before the sensing component 1 collects the signal of change in magnetic induction intensity generated by the wear or rotation of the spiral blade 3 in real time, firstly, multiple sets of mounting holes are opened in the axial direction of the cylinder 2 at intervals equal to the pitch of the spiral blade 3, and at least three mounting holes are evenly distributed along the spiral direction of the spiral blade 3 in each set of mounting holes; then, a mounting base 12 is set on the outside of the mounting hole, and the sensing unit 11 is embedded in the mounting hole, with the sensitive axis of the sensing unit 11 pointing to the axis of the spiral blade 3; a sealing member 13 is set between the sensing unit 11 and the mounting base 12, and a waterproof sealing structure is formed by fixing with a fastener.

[0124] Furthermore, before installing the monitoring system, the distance from the outer edge of the spiral blade 3 to the cylinder 2 is measured and recorded, and the installation distance from the sensing unit 11 to the spiral blade 3 is calculated based on the design dimensions of the sensing unit 11. Then, the peak voltage output of each sensing unit 11 is read, and the initial distance from the sensing unit 11 to the spiral blade 3 is obtained according to the preset calibration data set to verify the installation accuracy. Next, the voltage signal of the sensing unit 11 within one complete rotation cycle is acquired, including the peak voltage of a voltage signal, two adjacent voltage valleys, the time interval between the peak voltage and each voltage valley, and the time interval between two voltage peaks in two adjacent rotation cycles. Finally, based on the voltage signals of multiple sensing components 1, the initial profile curve of the spiral blade 3 is fitted and generated.

[0125] The initial profile curve serves as a crucial reference in this monitoring system, playing three main roles: First, it acts as a raw data template for the unworn state of the helical blade 3, fully recording its standard geometric parameters (such as diameter and pitch), providing a precise comparison benchmark for real-time monitoring. By comparing the detected data with the initial curve and calibration data set, the actual wear amount can be accurately obtained. Second, this curve contains the reference output voltage values ​​(peak / valley values) and time interval parameters of each sensing unit 11 under standard conditions. These data are not only used to calibrate the sensitivity of the sensing unit 11 and verify the linearity of the signal acquisition system, but also serve as the fundamental parameters for constructing the wear amount calculation model. Finally, when the system detects abnormalities such as localized wear, deformation of the helical blade 3, or drift of the sensing unit 11, diagnosis can be made by comparing the radial deviation, shape feature changes, or reference voltage offset between the real-time detection curve and the initial profile curve.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0127] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A non-destructive real-time monitoring system for wear of helical vanes, characterized in that, The application comprises: at least one set of sensing components, each set of the sensing components comprising at least one sensing unit arranged on the barrel of the screw conveyor, each sensing unit being adapted to obtain the change of magnetic induction intensity of the screw blade in the detection range during the rotation towards and away from the sensing unit and output a detection signal; and a processing terminal in communication with the sensing unit, adapted to obtain a detection curve representing the change of relative position between the screw blade and the sensing unit according to the detection signal, and compare it with a preset calibration data set to determine the wear of the screw blade in the detection range according to the matching degree between the detection curve and the calibration data set; the processing terminal is configured to obtain the wear of the screw blade rotating directly opposite to the sensing unit according to the comparison between the maximum value of the center of each detection curve and the preset calibration data set, and obtain the wear of the screw blade rotating to the edge of the detection range according to the comparison between the minimum value of both ends of each detection curve and the preset calibration data set.

2. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The sensing unit is a magnetic sensor, and the detection axis of the magnetic sensor is arranged along the radial direction of the screw blade.

3. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, At least three sensing units are arranged on the screw blade within a single screw period, and the at least three sensing units are uniformly distributed along the spiral direction of the screw blade to form a multi-point detection array.

4. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The processing terminal is further configured to fit a three-dimensional image representing the profile of the screw blade in the detection range according to the wear.

5. The monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Multiple sets of sensing components are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the barrel at intervals equal to the pitch of the screw blade.

6. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The calibration data set comprises detection data obtained by detecting the change of magnetic induction intensity of a standard screw blade directly opposite to the sensing unit in the detection range when the sensing unit and the screw blade change within a preset interval.

7. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a signal transmission component connected between the processing terminal and the sensing component for transmitting the detection signal output by the sensing unit.

8. The monitoring system of claim 7, wherein, The signal transmission component comprises: a hub arranged on the outer wall of the barrel, the hub being connected to the processing terminal and at least one sensing unit through a cable; and a protective tube sleeved outside the cable, the two ends of the protective tube being sealedly connected to the hub and the interface of the sensing component through sealing joints respectively.

9. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The sensing component further comprises: at least one mounting seat arranged in a preset mounting hole of the barrel for mounting the sensing unit; and a sealing member arranged between the sensing unit and the mounting seat.

10. A detection method suitable for use in the real-time monitoring system of the wear of the non-contact spiral blade according to any one of claims 1-9, said monitoring system comprising at least one sensing assembly and a processing terminal, each of said sensing assemblies comprising a plurality of sensing units, characterized in that, The application comprises the following operations: real-time acquisition of the change of magnetic induction intensity generated by the screw blade during wear or rotation through the sensing component arranged on the barrel, and conversion of the magnetic induction intensity into a voltage signal output; recording of the voltage peak value of the voltage signal, the adjacent two voltage valley values, the time interval between the voltage peak value and each voltage valley value, and the time interval of the two voltage peak values in adjacent two rotation periods within a complete rotation period; The voltage peak value, the two voltage valley values and the time interval are matched with a preset calibration data set, and real-time wear of the spiral blade at positions corresponding to the voltage peak value and the two voltage valley values is obtained.

11. The detection method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The real-time rotating speed of the spiral blade is calculated according to the time interval of two voltage peak values in adjacent two rotating periods; Based on the real-time rotating speed, the time interval between the voltage peak value and each voltage valley value is converted into an angle value, and the real-time detection position of the spiral blade corresponding to each voltage valley value is determined.

12. The detection method of claim 10, wherein, Further comprising operations: Based on the real-time wear of the plurality of sensing components, the wear profile curve of the spiral blade is fitted by a fitting method; When it is detected that the wear profile curve deviates from a reference value by more than a preset wear amount, a wear warning signal is generated; When it is detected that the wear profile curve mutates by more than a threshold value, a blade defect warning signal is generated and coordinate information of a defect position is output.

13. The detection method of claim 12, wherein, Further comprising operations: When the voltage signal output by at least one of the sensing components remains unchanged in a plurality of sampling periods, a spiral shaft stop rotation warning is generated.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein, The calibration data set includes a static calibration data set and a dynamic calibration data set.

15. The detection method of claim 14, wherein, The operation of matching the voltage peak value, the two voltage valley values and the time interval with the preset calibration data set further comprises: The sensing unit is installed as a calibration sensor directly above the spiral blade, so that the outer edge of the spiral blade is aligned with the center of the sensitive shaft of the calibration sensor and is locked and fixed; The distance between the calibration sensor and the outer edge of the spiral blade is gradually increased in the radial direction of the spiral blade at a step distance of 1 mm until the distance reaches 60 mm, and the output voltage signal of the calibration sensor at each distance is recorded; Based on the correspondence between the distance and the output voltage signal, the static calibration data set containing the distance-voltage mapping relationship is generated.

16. The detection method of claim 15, wherein, The operation of matching the voltage peak value, the two voltage valley values and the time interval with the preset calibration data set further comprises: The spiral shaft is driven to rotate at a constant calibration rotating speed; The distance between the calibration sensor and the outer edge of the spiral blade is gradually increased at a step distance of 1 mm until the distance reaches 60 mm; At each distance, the output voltage signal of the calibration sensor is continuously collected, and the voltage signal peak value, the two adjacent voltage signal valley values, the time interval between the voltage peak value and the two voltage valley values, and the time interval of two voltage peak values in adjacent two rotating periods are recorded in each rotating period; Based on the correspondence between the voltage peak value, the voltage valley value and the time interval, the dynamic calibration data set is generated.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein, The operation of real-time collection of the change of the magnetic induction intensity generated by the wear or rotation of the spiral blade by the sensing component installed on the cylinder further comprises: In the axial direction of the cylinder, a plurality of groups of mounting holes are arranged at intervals equal to the pitch of the spiral blade, and each group of mounting holes is uniformly distributed with at least three mounting holes in the spiral direction of the spiral blade; Mounting seats are arranged outside the mounting holes, and a sensing unit is embedded in the mounting holes, and the sensitive shaft of the sensing unit points to the axis of the spiral blade; A sealing member is arranged between the sensing unit and the mounting seat, and a waterproof sealing structure is formed by the fixing member.

18. The detection method of claim 17, wherein, Also includes operations: The distance from the outer edge of the spiral blade to the cylinder is measured and recorded, and the installation distance from the outer edge of the spiral blade to the sensing unit is calculated, the voltage peak value output by each sensing unit is read, the initial distance from the sensing unit to the spiral blade is obtained according to the preset calibration data set, and the installation precision is verified.

19. The detection method of claim 18, wherein, Also includes operations: The voltage signal of the sensing unit in one complete rotation period is obtained, including a voltage peak value of the voltage signal, two adjacent voltage valley values, and the time interval between the voltage peak value and each voltage valley value, and the time interval between the voltage peak values of two adjacent rotation periods; Based on the voltage signals of the plurality of sensing components, the wear amount of the spiral blade at the corresponding position is obtained, and the initial profile curve of the spiral blade is fitted and generated.

Images