Vehicle-mounted satellite phased-array antenna and vehicle body integrated deployment design method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency component preparation, and provides a vehicle-mounted satellite phased-array antenna and vehicle body integrated deployment design method, which comprises the following steps: designing a multi-network fusion phased-array antenna by adopting a low-sidelobe and high-isolation technology; the physical distance between the antenna units is increased by optimizing the layout of the antenna and adopting isolation measures, and the phased-array antenna is integrated to a car roof; the highly integrated design is realized by reducing the size of an antenna array surface, and the antenna performance is optimized by adopting a feed network technology; a reconfigurable feed network is adopted, and parameters of the feed network are dynamically adjusted according to different working environments and communication requirements. Through highly integrated design, dynamic adjustment capability, low-sidelobe high-isolation technology, cost optimization and integrated deployment, the performance and reliability of the vehicle-mounted satellite phased-array antenna are significantly improved, the cost is reduced, and a new technical solution is provided for the development of a vehicle-mounted satellite communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radio frequency component manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a design method for integrating a vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with the vehicle body. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of satellite communication technology, vehicle-mounted satellite communication systems have gradually become an important component of intelligent transportation and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). As a high-performance communication device, vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antennas can provide vehicles with globally covered broadband communication services, playing an irreplaceable role, especially in remote areas, oceans, and emergency communication scenarios. However, existing vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antennas still face many challenges in design and application. Traditional vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antennas typically have a large array size, occupying valuable roof space and affecting the vehicle's aerodynamic performance and aesthetics. Furthermore, antenna installation often requires additional brackets or structures, increasing the vehicle's complexity and cost. In modern automotive design, the utilization of roof space is increasingly valued, making the seamless integration of phased array antennas with the vehicle body a pressing issue. In addition, vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antennas need to operate under complex environmental conditions, placing higher demands on antenna materials and structures. Simultaneously, when the vehicle is moving at high speeds, the antenna needs to be able to quickly adjust the beam direction to maintain a stable connection with the satellite. Existing antenna designs still have shortcomings in dynamic adjustment capabilities and environmental adaptability, affecting the stability and reliability of communication.

[0003] While vehicle-mounted satellite communication technology holds great promise, its high cost limits its widespread adoption. Existing phased array antenna designs typically employ expensive materials and complex manufacturing processes, resulting in high product prices. Furthermore, antenna maintenance and replacement costs are also significant, further increasing user expenses. Reducing antenna costs while maintaining performance is crucial for the widespread adoption of vehicle-mounted satellite communication technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a design method for the integrated deployment of vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna and vehicle body. Through highly integrated design, dynamic adjustment capability, low sidelobe and high isolation technology, cost optimization and integrated deployment, the performance and reliability of vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna are significantly improved, while reducing cost, providing a new technical solution for the development of vehicle-mounted satellite communication systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a method for integrating a vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with the vehicle body, characterized by comprising: A phased array antenna for multi-network fusion is designed using low sidelobe and high isolation technology; Optimized antenna layout and isolation measures are adopted to increase the physical spacing between antenna elements, and the phased array antenna is integrated into the roof of the vehicle; Achieving a highly integrated design by reducing the antenna array size and optimizing antenna performance by employing feed network technology; A reconfigurable power supply network is adopted, and the parameters of the power supply network are dynamically adjusted according to different working environments and communication requirements.

[0006] Furthermore, the process of designing a multi-network fusion phased array antenna using low sidelobe and high isolation technology includes: The radiation characteristics of the antenna element are optimized by adopting a low sidelobe design. The sidelobe level of the antenna element is reduced by adjusting the structural parameters and feeding method of the antenna element. The geometry of the antenna element is optimized by using a weighted feeding network. Low-sidelobe horn antennas or low-sidelobe array antennas are used. The antenna beam is precisely controlled by optimizing the parameters of the feeding network. An adaptive beamforming algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the beam direction and sidelobe level of the antenna according to the working environment and communication requirements.

[0007] Furthermore, the process of increasing the physical spacing between antenna elements by adopting optimized antenna layout and isolation measures includes: The antenna elements of different frequency bands are arranged separately by adopting an interleaved or layered layout; electromagnetic shielding technology is used, and an electromagnetic shielding layer is set between the antenna elements by using a metal shielding cover or an electromagnetic shielding film.

[0008] Furthermore, the design process of the phased array antenna also includes: Using domestically produced CMOS integrated chips with 8 or more channels as phased array antenna chips, the number of RF chips can be reduced under the same antenna aperture by decreasing the scanning angle range of the phased array antenna, increasing the spacing between antenna elements, or adopting a sparse array scheme.

[0009] Furthermore, the design process of the phased array antenna also includes: While maintaining the overall performance of the array, the physical number of array elements is reduced by using random sparse arrays or regular sparse arrays, designed according to communication requirements and environmental conditions, and beam control is achieved by using compressed sensing beamforming algorithms; phased array technology is used to achieve beam control by precisely controlling the phase and amplitude of each array element.

[0010] Furthermore, the process of integrating the phased array antenna onto the vehicle roof includes: Design an antenna mounting structure that is compatible with the shape and size of the roof, and use an antenna cover or antenna support structure that matches the curvature of the roof to achieve seamless integration of the antenna with the roof, and install the antenna in the center of the roof or near the center of gravity of the vehicle. The antenna is securely mounted on the roof using a high-strength fixing device, and the connection between the antenna and the roof is sealed with waterproof and dustproof sealing material.

[0011] Furthermore, the process of achieving a highly integrated design by reducing the size of the antenna array includes: Miniaturized microstrip antenna elements or compact patch antenna elements are used, and the antenna elements are arranged in a diamond or triangular array. The antenna gain is increased by increasing the number of antenna elements, and efficient signal synthesis is achieved by optimizing the feed network and control algorithm.

[0012] High-gain antenna design technology is employed to achieve high gain in a smaller size through high-gain reflector antennas or lens antennas, thereby improving communication performance without increasing the size of the antenna array.

[0013] Furthermore, the process of optimizing antenna performance using feed network technology includes: Microstrip lines or coaxial lines are used as the transmission medium in the feed network, and reflection loss is reduced by optimizing the impedance matching of the feed network. Specifically, this includes: The reflection coefficient is used to describe the ratio of the reflected wave to the incident wave, and the standing wave ratio (VSWR) is used to describe the standing wave of voltage or current on the transmission line. Select microstrip lines, coaxial lines, or striplines as transmission line materials and structures, and calculate the characteristic impedance based on the geometric parameters of the transmission line and the dielectric material. The input impedance of the antenna element is measured using a network analyzer, employing a π-type or T-type matching network, which combines inductors and capacitors to form a π-type or T-type network.

[0014] Furthermore, the process of dynamically adjusting the parameters of the power supply network according to different working environments and communication requirements includes: The antenna's environmental conditions are monitored in real time using temperature, humidity, and acceleration sensors. Temperature changes are analyzed to assess antenna material performance, and humidity variations are analyzed to assess their impact on signal propagation. Information such as signal strength, bit error rate, and communication distance fed back from the communication system is used to analyze current communication requirements. Signal and beam adjustments are made based on vehicle movement scenarios. Adjustable components are introduced into the power supply network, and digital control signals or analog voltage signals are used to adjust component parameters. Signal monitoring points are set up in the antenna system to monitor the antenna's input and output signals in real time. A feedback mechanism is established to compare the monitored signal parameters with preset performance indicators. If the monitored parameters deviate from the preset values, the adjustment mechanism is triggered.

[0015] Furthermore, the process of dynamically adjusting the parameters of the power supply network according to different working environments and communication requirements also includes: The system employs a minimum mean square error algorithm to dynamically adjust the parameters of the feed network based on real-time monitoring data. The adaptive algorithm is embedded into the control system, and the algorithm operation is implemented using FPGA or DSP chips. At the same time, the system monitors changes in environmental conditions and communication requirements in real time, evaluates whether the current antenna performance meets the requirements, and generates parameter adjustment commands based on the evaluation results, which are then sent to the adjustable components in the feed network.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention significantly reduces the antenna array size by optimizing the geometry and materials of the antenna elements, using miniaturized microstrip antenna elements or compact patch antenna elements, and employing a rhomboid or triangular layout. Simultaneously, by increasing the number of antenna elements and adopting high-gain antenna design technology, communication performance is improved without increasing the antenna array size. This not only saves roof space and avoids encroaching on the sunroof, but also enhances the antenna's aesthetics and aerodynamic performance. Furthermore, this invention introduces a reconfigurable feed network, combining information such as temperature, humidity, acceleration sensors, and signal strength and bit error rate feedback from the communication system to monitor the antenna's operating environment and communication requirements in real time. The Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm dynamically adjusts the feed network parameters to optimize antenna performance, ensuring optimal performance under various environmental conditions and communication scenarios, especially in high-speed movement or complex electromagnetic environments. In addition, this invention employs a low sidelobe design to optimize the radiation characteristics of the antenna elements, further reducing sidelobe levels through a weighted feed network and adaptive beamforming algorithm. Simultaneously, through staggered layout, layered layout, and electromagnetic shielding technology, the isolation between antenna elements is significantly improved, reducing mutual interference during multi-network fusion. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the design process for the integrated deployment of a vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna and the vehicle body in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] The vehicle faces challenges such as sunroof encroachment, numerous and difficult-to-integrate onboard antennas, and external installations affecting wind resistance. To overcome these difficulties, this embodiment proposes a design method for integrating the onboard satellite phased array antenna with the vehicle body. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: This embodiment achieves a highly integrated design by reducing the antenna array size. Since the current phased array antenna size for satellite terminals is generally around 400*550 mm, it is difficult to conformally arrange it with the vehicle roof. This embodiment, by reducing the antenna array size, allows for easy integration into the vehicle roof without encroaching on the sunroof area. Specifically, it includes: By optimizing the geometry and materials of the antenna elements and reducing the size of individual antenna elements, this embodiment uses miniaturized microstrip antenna elements or compact patch antenna elements, which can maintain high radiation efficiency with a smaller physical size.

[0020] Furthermore, regarding the layout of the antenna elements, this embodiment adopts a more compact diamond or triangular array layout. Compared with the traditional rectangular layout, more antenna elements can be accommodated in the same area, thereby improving the antenna gain and performance.

[0021] Furthermore, this embodiment improves the antenna gain by increasing the number of antenna elements within a limited size.

[0022] Furthermore, this embodiment employs high-gain antenna design technology, using a high-gain reflector antenna or lens antenna to achieve high gain within a smaller size, thereby improving communication performance without increasing the antenna array size.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, this example employs advanced feed network technology to optimize antenna performance, specifically including: By optimizing the topology and parameters of the feed network, the loss of the feed network is reduced and the efficiency of the antenna is improved. In this embodiment, a low-loss microstrip line or coaxial line is used as the transmission medium of the feed network, and the reflection loss is reduced by optimizing the impedance matching of the feed network. Specifically, this includes: The reflection coefficient Γ is used to describe the ratio of the reflected wave to the incident wave, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0024] in, It is the load impedance. It is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line.

[0025] The standing wave ratio (VSWR) is used to describe the standing wave ratio of voltage or current on a transmission line, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0026] A low VSWR (close to 1) indicates good impedance matching.

[0027] Microstrip lines, coaxial lines, or striplines are selected as suitable transmission line materials and structures. Microstrip lines, due to their simple structure and ease of fabrication, are often used in the feed networks of phased array antennas. The characteristic impedance is calculated based on the geometric parameters and dielectric material of the transmission line. For microstrip lines, the characteristic impedance can be calculated using the following formula:

[0028] in, is the relative permittivity of the dielectric material, and W and H are the width of the microstrip line and the thickness of the dielectric layer, respectively.

[0029] Use a network analyzer to measure the input impedance of the antenna element. A network analyzer can provide accurate impedance measurement data, including both real and imaginary parts, based on the measured load impedance. and the characteristic impedance of the transmission line The impedance matching network is designed. In this embodiment, a π-type or T-type matching network is used, which combines inductors and capacitors to form a π-type or T-type network to suit complex impedance matching requirements.

[0030] Furthermore, this embodiment uses a reconfigurable feed network, dynamically adjusting the parameters of the feed network according to different operating environments and communication requirements to optimize antenna performance, specifically including: The antenna's environmental conditions are monitored in real time using temperature, humidity, and accelerometer sensors. Temperature changes are analyzed to assess antenna material performance, and humidity variations are examined to determine their impact on signal propagation. Information such as signal strength, bit error rate, and communication distance fed back from the communication system is used to analyze current communication requirements. In high-speed vehicle scenarios, higher signal gain and narrower beamwidth are needed. Based on this, signal and beam adjustments are made by introducing adjustable components such as variable inductors, variable capacitors, digital phase shifters, and digital attenuators into the feed network. Digital control signals or analog voltage signals are used to adjust component parameters. Signal monitoring points are set up in the antenna system to monitor the antenna's input and output signals in real time, including parameters such as reflection coefficient, VSWR, transmit power, and receive power. Finally, a feedback mechanism is established to compare the monitored signal parameters with preset performance indicators. If the monitored parameters deviate from the preset values, the adjustment mechanism is triggered.

[0031] The least mean square error (LMS) algorithm is adopted to dynamically adjust the parameters of the feed network based on real-time monitoring data. The adaptive algorithm is embedded into the control system and the FPGA or DSP chip is used to realize the fast calculation of the algorithm. At the same time, the system monitors the changes in environmental conditions and communication requirements in real time, evaluates whether the current antenna performance meets the requirements, and generates parameter adjustment instructions based on the evaluation results, which are sent to the adjustable components in the feed network.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, traditional automobiles include multiple antennas such as FM, WIFI, Bluetooth, GPS / BeiDou, and 4G / 5G. The complex electromagnetic environment poses challenges to the design of satellite phased array antennas. To address this, this embodiment employs low sidelobe and high isolation technology to design a multi-network fusion antenna, specifically including: The radiation characteristics of the antenna element are optimized by employing a low-sidelobe design. This is achieved by adjusting the structural parameters and feeding method of the antenna element to reduce its sidelobe level. Weighted feeding networks or optimized antenna element geometry are used to concentrate the radiation pattern, thereby reducing the sidelobe level. In this embodiment, low-sidelobe horn antennas or low-sidelobe array antennas are used. These antennas can effectively reduce the sidelobe level while maintaining high gain, thus reducing interference to other communication systems. Furthermore, precise control of the antenna beam is achieved by optimizing the feeding network parameters, further reducing the sidelobe level. In addition, this embodiment employs an adaptive beamforming algorithm to dynamically adjust the antenna beam direction and sidelobe level according to different operating environments and communication requirements.

[0033] This embodiment employs optimized antenna layout and isolation measures. By rationally arranging antenna elements and increasing the physical spacing between them, the isolation between antennas is improved. By using staggered or layered layouts, antenna elements of different frequency bands are arranged separately to reduce mutual interference.

[0034] Furthermore, this embodiment employs electromagnetic shielding technology, using a metal shielding cover or electromagnetic shielding film to set an electromagnetic shielding layer between antenna elements, effectively reducing electromagnetic coupling between antenna elements and improving the isolation between antennas.

[0035] Furthermore, current millimeter-wave phased array chips generally use SiGe / GaAs technology, which is costly. This embodiment reduces costs by using domestically produced CMOS chips. CMOS technology has the lowest material cost, the highest manufacturing yield, and the largest production capacity. Moreover, it has been domestically produced and is already being used on a large scale in the automotive field, which can significantly reduce costs.

[0036] Cost reduction can be achieved by increasing the integration of RF chips. Currently, single-channel / dual-channel integrated chips are commonly used, but their integration level is low. This embodiment uses a single chip to integrate more than 8 channels, which can significantly simplify the design of the external power supply link, reduce losses, and thus reduce the overall cost of the device.

[0037] Reducing the scanning angle of the terminal phased array antenna: Due to the Earth orbit characteristics of low-Earth orbit satellites, the terminal scanning angle is generally required to be ±60° or higher. Reducing the scanning angle range of the phased array antenna can lower the overall requirements for sidelobe levels, increase the spacing between antenna elements, or adopt a sparse array scheme. Under the condition of the same antenna aperture, the number of RF chips can be reduced, thereby reducing the overall cost of the device.

[0038] In this embodiment, the phased array antenna is integrated into the vehicle roof, and the implementation steps are as follows: The antenna mounting structure is designed to fit the shape and size of the vehicle roof. An antenna cover or antenna support structure that matches the curvature of the vehicle roof is used to ensure seamless integration of the antenna with the vehicle roof. In addition, in this embodiment, the antenna is installed in the center of the vehicle roof or near the center of gravity of the vehicle, which can effectively reduce the impact of vehicle movement on antenna performance.

[0039] In the process of fixing and sealing the antenna to the roof, this embodiment uses a high-strength fixing device to firmly install the antenna on the roof, and uses waterproof and dustproof sealing material to seal the connection between the antenna and the roof to ensure the reliability and durability of the antenna in harsh environments.

[0040] In addition, this embodiment adopts a multi-network fusion antenna design and a reconfigurable antenna design technology. By optimizing the frequency band compatibility of the antenna, the antenna can work simultaneously on multiple frequency bands, thereby achieving good radiation performance.

[0041] By designing multi-beam antennas, the antennas can cover multiple directions simultaneously, meeting the needs of multi-network convergence. By employing phased array antenna technology or beamforming technology, rapid switching of antenna beams and multi-beam coverage can be achieved.

[0042] Furthermore, this embodiment adopts a multi-system integration design, which integrates multiple communication systems onto an antenna platform to achieve multi-network convergence. Specifically, this embodiment adopts integrated antenna design technology to integrate satellite communication antennas, 5G antennas, and Wi-Fi antennas into an antenna array to achieve resource sharing and collaborative operation.

[0043] Using a transparent glass antenna: The phased array antennas currently in common use require a large area of ​​roof space, which is not conducive to the vehicle's styling. We are considering using a transparent glass antenna, which is integrated with the sunroof design. This will ensure the quality of the vehicle's satellite signals and communication without affecting the vehicle's aesthetics and wind resistance.

[0044] The high cost of equipping automobiles with low-Earth orbit satellites hinders the large-scale application of satellite communication in automobiles. This embodiment proposes to address these issues by adopting the following solutions: Current mature satellite terminals generally employ a 1024-element integrated phased array, using 256 millimeter-wave phased array chips to achieve beam control. Significant cost reductions are achieved by decreasing the number of array elements, sparsely arranging the antennas, and increasing antenna gain. Specific measures include: The minimum number of array elements required is determined based on the needs of the vehicle-mounted satellite communication system. The minimum gain and beam coverage are analyzed based on the vehicle's communication requirements and the expected communication environment.

[0045] Efficient beam control can be achieved with a smaller number of array elements by employing efficient digital beamforming (DBF) or adaptive beamforming.

[0046] Optimize the array layout by adopting irregular layouts (such as random or irregular layouts) to reduce the number of array elements while maintaining good beam coverage and gain.

[0047] The design of a sparse antenna array specifically includes the following steps: A sparse array design is employed, which reduces the physical number of array elements while maintaining overall array performance. Sparse arrays reduce mutual interference between elements by optimizing the position and distribution of the elements, while maintaining good beam coverage and gain.

[0048] Random or regular sparse arrays are used, designed according to communication requirements and environmental conditions, and advanced compressed sensing beamforming algorithms are employed to achieve efficient beam control in sparse arrays, reducing computational complexity and hardware requirements.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, this embodiment improves the communication performance of the phased array antenna by increasing the antenna gain, specifically including: High-gain antenna element designs are employed, including high-gain patch antennas or microstrip antennas, and the gain of individual antenna elements is improved by optimizing the geometry and materials of the antenna elements.

[0050] Furthermore, using high-gain reflector antennas or lens antennas can achieve higher gain in a smaller size, thereby improving communication performance without increasing the antenna array size.

[0051] This embodiment improves the overall gain of the array by optimizing the array layout and feed network. Furthermore, this embodiment employs a high-gain feed network design to reduce feed network losses and improve antenna efficiency. Phased array technology is used to achieve efficient beam control and gain enhancement by precisely controlling the phase and amplitude of each array element.

[0052] It is understandable that this embodiment can significantly reduce the cost of phased array antennas without sacrificing key performance indicators by reducing the number of array elements, sparsely arranging the antennas, and increasing the antenna gain. By comprehensively considering communication requirements, environmental conditions, and cost-effectiveness, and through optimized design methods, a balance between high performance and low cost is achieved.

[0053] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0054] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this technical embodiment belongs to prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A design method for integrating a vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with the vehicle body, characterized in that, include: A phased array antenna for multi-network fusion is designed using low sidelobe and high isolation technology; Optimized antenna layout and isolation measures are adopted to increase the physical spacing between antenna elements, and the phased array antenna is integrated into the roof of the vehicle; Achieving a highly integrated design by reducing the antenna array size and optimizing antenna performance by employing feed network technology; A reconfigurable power supply network is adopted, and the parameters of the power supply network are dynamically adjusted according to different working environments and communication requirements.

2. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of designing a phased array antenna for multi-network fusion using low sidelobe and high isolation technology includes: The radiation characteristics of the antenna element are optimized by adopting a low sidelobe design. The sidelobe level of the antenna element is reduced by adjusting the structural parameters and feeding method of the antenna element. The geometry of the antenna element is optimized by using a weighted feeding network. Low-sidelobe horn antennas or low-sidelobe array antennas are used. The antenna beam is precisely controlled by optimizing the parameters of the feeding network. An adaptive beamforming algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the beam direction and sidelobe level of the antenna according to the working environment and communication requirements.

3. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of increasing the physical spacing between antenna elements by optimizing antenna layout and isolation measures includes: The antenna elements of different frequency bands are arranged separately by adopting an interleaved or layered layout; electromagnetic shielding technology is used, and an electromagnetic shielding layer is set between the antenna elements by using a metal shielding cover or an electromagnetic shielding film.

4. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The design process of the phased array antenna also includes: Using domestically produced CMOS integrated chips with 8 or more channels as phased array antenna chips, the number of RF chips can be reduced under the same antenna aperture by decreasing the scanning angle range of the phased array antenna, increasing the spacing between antenna elements, or adopting a sparse array scheme.

5. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The design process of the phased array antenna also includes: While maintaining the overall performance of the array, the physical number of array elements is reduced by using random sparse arrays or regular sparse arrays, designed according to communication requirements and environmental conditions, and beam control is achieved by using compressed sensing beamforming algorithms; phased array technology is used to achieve beam control by precisely controlling the phase and amplitude of each array element.

6. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of integrating a phased array antenna onto the vehicle roof includes: Design an antenna mounting structure that is compatible with the shape and size of the roof, and use an antenna cover or antenna support structure that matches the curvature of the roof to achieve seamless integration of the antenna with the roof, and install the antenna in the center of the roof or near the center of gravity of the vehicle. The antenna is securely mounted on the roof using a high-strength fixing device, and the connection between the antenna and the roof is sealed with waterproof and dustproof sealing material.

7. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of achieving highly integrated design by reducing antenna array size includes: Miniaturized microstrip antenna elements or compact patch antenna elements are used, and the antenna elements are arranged in a diamond or triangular array. The antenna gain is increased by increasing the number of antenna elements, and efficient signal synthesis is achieved by optimizing the feed network and control algorithm. High-gain antenna design technology is employed to achieve high gain in a smaller size through high-gain reflector antennas or lens antennas, thereby improving communication performance without increasing the size of the antenna array.

8. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of optimizing antenna performance using feed network technology includes: Microstrip lines or coaxial lines are used as the transmission medium in the feed network, and reflection loss is reduced by optimizing the impedance matching of the feed network. Specifically, this includes: The reflection coefficient is used to describe the ratio of the reflected wave to the incident wave, and the standing wave ratio (VSWR) is used to describe the standing wave of voltage or current on the transmission line. Select microstrip lines, coaxial lines, or striplines as transmission line materials and structures, and calculate the characteristic impedance based on the geometric parameters of the transmission line and the dielectric material. The input impedance of the antenna element is measured using a network analyzer, employing a π-type or T-type matching network, which combines inductors and capacitors to form a π-type or T-type network.

9. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of dynamically adjusting the parameters of the power supply network according to different working environments and communication requirements includes: The antenna's environmental conditions are monitored in real time using temperature, humidity, and acceleration sensors. Temperature changes are analyzed to assess antenna material performance, and humidity variations are analyzed to assess their impact on signal propagation. Information such as signal strength, bit error rate, and communication distance fed back from the communication system is used to analyze current communication requirements. Signal and beam adjustments are made based on vehicle movement scenarios. Adjustable components are introduced into the power supply network, and digital control signals or analog voltage signals are used to adjust component parameters. Signal monitoring points are set up in the antenna system to monitor the antenna's input and output signals in real time. A feedback mechanism is established to compare the monitored signal parameters with preset performance indicators. If the monitored parameters deviate from the preset values, the adjustment mechanism is triggered.

10. The method for integrating vehicle-mounted satellite phased array antenna with vehicle body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of dynamically adjusting the parameters of the power supply network according to different working environments and communication requirements includes: The system employs a minimum mean square error algorithm to dynamically adjust the parameters of the feed network based on real-time monitoring data. The adaptive algorithm is embedded into the control system, and the algorithm operation is implemented using FPGA or DSP chips. At the same time, the system monitors changes in environmental conditions and communication requirements in real time, evaluates whether the current antenna performance meets the requirements, and generates parameter adjustment commands based on the evaluation results, which are then sent to the adjustable components in the feed network.

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