A gis-based visualization management method and system for distribution network communication resources

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power system and communication network integration, in particular to a GIS-based visual management method and system for distribution network communication resource one map, which comprises the following steps: obtaining information of each power grid primary equipment, collecting account data and real-time state data of each distribution network communication equipment, establishing a location mapping relationship between the distribution network communication equipment and the power grid primary equipment based on the name or MAC address in the account data; determining the OLT equipment to which the current ONU equipment belongs according to the ONU equipment information in the distribution network communication equipment, collecting the optical cable length from the OLT equipment to each ONU equipment through the northbound interface or direct connection OLT mode based on the data of the OLT equipment, determining the logical layout of the distribution network optical cable based on the data of each optical cable and the associated underhanging equipment, and judging the optical cable fault and its interval position according to the alarm information. The present application realizes the one map overview of the distribution network and communication network resources through the power grid GIS platform, and improves the intuitive cognition of the resource distribution and the associated relationship for the operation and maintenance personnel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power system and communication network integration, in particular to a GIS-based visual management method and system for one map of distribution network communication resources. BACKGROUND

[0002] Today, under the background of deep cooperation between smart grid and communication network, the complexity and scale of distribution network communication resources continue to grow, involving substation, optical cable, ONU / OLT device, wireless terminal (such as CPE, private network base station) and other multi-device. The traditional management mode has the following problems: resource scattered management: the data of communication resources and power grid primary equipment, business terminal are separated, and there is lack of unified association view; lack of visualization: the spatial position correspondence relationship of communication network frame and power grid frame is not clear, fault positioning depends on manual experience, and the efficiency is low; lack of dynamic monitoring: the online state, connection relationship and fault information of the device cannot be displayed in real time, which is difficult to support rapid operation and maintenance decision.

[0003] In the prior art, the GIS platform is mainly used for power equipment management in the power grid field, and the communication resource management relies on professional communication network management, but the data fusion depth of the two is insufficient, which is difficult to meet the demand of double network collaborative operation and maintenance. For example, the patent for invention with publication number CN115865696A discloses a service management system based on optical distribution network, which attempts to connect the GIS platform and the distribution network communication resources, but it does not disclose how to display the data of each node, only introduces the functions of each module, and the patents for invention with publication numbers CN104333127A, CN109194527A and CN120568231A only introduce the composition units of the distribution network communication system and how to properly arrange each unit, and cannot fuse the distribution network communication resources and the power grid geographic information. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a visual management scheme capable of realizing deep fusion of distribution network communication resources and power grid geographic information. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a GIS-based visual management method for one map of distribution network communication resources, and also provides a GIS-based visual management system for one map of distribution network communication resources.

[0005] Technical scheme: according to the first aspect of the present application, a GIS-based visual management method for one map of distribution network communication resources is provided, which comprises:

[0006] obtaining the coordinates and topological data of each power grid primary equipment, collecting the account data and real-time state data of each distribution network communication device, and establishing the position mapping relationship between the distribution network communication device and the power grid primary equipment based on the name or MAC address in the account data.

[0007] The location data of the network communication device is matched with the power grid primary equipment, a communication-specific network diagram layer is generated, and is superimposed and displayed with the power grid GIS base map;

[0008] According to the ONU device information in the network communication device, the OLT device to which the current ONU device belongs is determined, and then hand-in-hand PON road information is generated, and the optical cable length from the OLT device to each ONU device is collected through a northbound interface or a direct connection OLT, so that the optical cable length of the PON road is obtained, and finally the PON road is merged based on the optical cable length of each PON road.

[0009] Based on the data of each optical cable and the associated hanging device, the logical layout of the network optical cable is determined, and the optical cable fault and its interval position are determined according to the alarm information.

[0010] Further, comprising:

[0011] The location mapping relationship between the network communication device and the power grid primary equipment is established based on the name or MAC address in the account data, comprising:

[0012] The name of the OLT device in the network communication device and the name of the transformer substation in the power grid primary equipment are traversed respectively, if the name of the current OLT device is the same as or similar to the name of the current transformer substation, the account data of the OLT device is associated with the corresponding coordinates of the transformer substation, otherwise, the traversal is continued until the end, and the OLT device and the transformer substation without establishing the mapping relationship are recorded;

[0013] The MAC address of the communication device under the current ONU device in the network communication device is obtained, the corresponding power distribution automation terminal under the ONU device is obtained according to the MAC address, the coordinate information and topology data of the ring network cabinet / switchyard to which the power distribution automation terminal belongs are determined, so that the corresponding relationship between the current ONU device and the ring network cabinet / switchyard is established.

[0014] Further, comprising:

[0015] The OLT device to which the current ONU device belongs is determined according to the ONU device information in the network communication device, and then hand-in-hand PON road information is generated, comprising:

[0016] All ONU device information under the OLT is collected through the northbound interface of the PON device network management, based on the same ONU device name or management IP or MAC address, the ONU devices in the network are de-duplicated and merged, it is automatically analyzed that the same ONU device is hung under which OLT device, and then hand-in-hand PON road information is generated.

[0017] Furthermore, including:

[0018] The process of deduplicating and merging ONU devices in the network, and automatically analyzing which OLT devices the same ONU device is connected to, includes:

[0019] The process involves collecting information on the ONU devices belonging to the first OLT device in a PON network, including their names and management IPs. It also involves collecting information on the ONU devices belonging to the second OLT device in the same PON network. The process is then iterated and compared between the ONU device information belonging to the first OLT device and the ONU device information belonging to the second OLT device. If ONU devices with the same name and management IP exist under different OLT devices, they are merged into one ONU device and recorded under the first OLT device. Otherwise, the different ONU devices are retained. Finally, a logical link for the PON is formed in the order of the first OLT device, the ONU devices belonging to the first OLT device, the ONU devices belonging to the second OLT device, and the second OLT device.

[0020] Furthermore, including:

[0021] The optical cable length from the OLT device to each ONU device is collected to obtain the optical cable length of the PON path, including:

[0022] The process involves collecting the optical cable lengths from the first OLT device to each of its subordinate ONU devices, and from the second OLT device to each of its subordinate ONU devices. It then iterates through the ONU devices under both OLT devices. If a duplicate ONU device exists, the optical cable lengths from the first OLT device to the current ONU device and from the second OLT device to the current ONU device are added together, and the result is recorded. All added results are compared; if different results exist, the maximum value is taken as the optical cable length from the first OLT device to the second OLT device; otherwise…

[0023] If the first OLT device and the second OLT device do not have the same ONU device, then the first OLT device and the second OLT device are not considered to belong to the same PON network.

[0024] Furthermore, including:

[0025] The PON path merging optical cable based on the optical cable length of each PON path includes:

[0026] Calculate the optical cable length of all PON paths and determine the OLT devices at both ends. PON paths with the same OLT devices at both ends and the same optical cable length are considered to be carried on the same optical cable, thereby obtaining all optical cables and the corresponding PON paths under each optical cable.

[0027] Furthermore, including:

[0028] The process of determining the logical routing diagram of the distribution network optical cables based on the data of each optical cable and the associated downstream equipment includes:

[0029] Based on the correspondence between the OLT equipment and the substation, and the correspondence between the ONU equipment and its corresponding ring main unit / switching station, the latitude and longitude coordinates of each OLT equipment and ONU equipment are obtained;

[0030] Based on the OLT and ONU devices in the corresponding PON path under each optical cable, the nodes that the optical cable passes through in sequence can be obtained. By connecting the nodes in sequence and combining them with the corresponding latitude and longitude coordinates, the logical route diagram of the distribution network optical cable can be obtained.

[0031] Furthermore, including:

[0032] The process of determining the location of optical cable faults and their intervals based on alarm information includes:

[0033] The optical cables between the first OLT device and its associated ONU device are numbered respectively, and the optical cables between the second OLT device and its associated ONU device are numbered respectively;

[0034] Analyze the channel corresponding to the first OLT device: Check the alarm information of all OLT devices in the PON path within this channel. If there is an alarm indicating no optical signal on the entire link, it is determined that there is a fault in the backbone optical cable between the first OLT device and the first ONU device; otherwise,

[0035] Confirm whether the ONU device closest to the first OLT device is offline. Let's call it the first ONU device. If the first ONU device is offline, we get the corresponding coarse fault range, meaning the fault lies in the optical cable between the first OLT device and the first ONU device. Otherwise...

[0036] If the first ONU device is normal, then the corresponding coarse fault range is determined according to the fault status of subsequent ONU devices, and the fine fault range is determined based on the obtained coarse fault range and the status of the ONU devices.

[0037] Furthermore, including:

[0038] The step of determining the fine fault range based on the obtained coarse fault range and the status of the ONU device includes:

[0039] Arrange the status of all devices on the optical cable into a list according to the connection order, and record the status of each device, including normal, offline, and one-way. Among them, offline is regarded as one-way on both sides.

[0040] Starting from the beginning of the list, check the status of adjacent devices in turn. When a device is found to be in normal status and the next adjacent device is in one-way status, continue to check the status of subsequent devices. If the subsequent devices remain in one-way status, then record these two adjacent devices, and the optical cable segment between these two devices is the break point.

[0041] The device status list is traversed again from different directions for verification. If the two verification results are the same, the location of the fiber optic cable break can be determined; if they are different, the device connection relationship and status data need to be further checked to eliminate other possible interference factors.

[0042] Secondly, the present invention also provides a GIS-based visualization management system for a single map of distribution network communication resources, the system comprising:

[0043] The data fusion module is used to acquire the coordinates and topology data of each primary power grid device, collect the ledger data and real-time status data of each distribution network communication device, and establish the location mapping relationship between the distribution network communication device and the primary power grid device based on the name or MAC address in the ledger data.

[0044] The display module is used to match the location data of distribution network communication equipment with the primary equipment of the power grid, generate a dedicated communication network layer, and overlay it with the power grid GIS base map.

[0045] The PON path generation module is used to determine the OLT device to which the current ONU device belongs based on the ONU device information in the distribution network communication equipment, and then generate daisy-chain PON path information. Based on the data of the OLT device, the optical cable length from the OLT device to each ONU device is collected through the northbound interface or direct connection to the OLT to obtain the optical cable length of the PON path. Finally, the PON path is merged based on the optical cable length of each PON path.

[0046] The optical cable path generation module is used to determine the logical route diagram of the distribution network optical cable based on the data of each optical cable and the associated downstream equipment.

[0047] The optical cable fault analysis module is used to analyze optical cable faults and their location based on alarm information.

[0048] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0049] This invention discloses a GIS-based visualization management method and system for distribution network communication resources. Different matching methods are used for different devices to match OLTs with substations and ONUs with ring main units, thereby improving the accuracy and flexibility of matching and establishing a location mapping relationship between communication equipment and power equipment. Based on this, a deduplication and merging method is used to automatically analyze PON paths. Then, based on the relationship between OLTs and ONUs, the approximate optical cable length of each PON path is determined. Based on the obtained PON path information, it is determined whether they can be carried on the same optical cable. Based on the aforementioned optical cable ledger and calculations of downstream equipment, an optical cable connection diagram is generated. This diagram integrates data such as distribution network communication management alarms and communication anomaly cause feature databases to analyze optical cable faults and their interval locations. This design not only centrally displays the spatial distribution and logical connection relationships of communication equipment, primary power grid equipment, and business terminals on a GIS map, but also displays the online status of equipment, communication link connectivity and fault location information in real time. Furthermore, by overlaying the communication network and the power grid network topology, it supports network planning, fault tracing, and resource optimization, thereby accurately locating faults. Through remote monitoring and analysis, it significantly reduces on-site maintenance workload and improves maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 A flowchart of a GIS-based visualization management method for a single map of distribution network communication resources is provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 This is an example diagram illustrating the location mapping relationship between communication equipment and power grid equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is an example diagram illustrating multiple PON paths carried on the same optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is an example diagram of the logical routing diagram of the distribution network optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is an example diagram of an optical cable connection as described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a GIS-based visualization management system for distribution network communication resources, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the visualization management method for a single map of distribution network communication resources based on GIS provided in this embodiment. The following is a detailed description of this visualization management method for a single map of distribution network communication resources based on GIS.

[0060] S1 acquires the coordinates and topology data of each primary power grid device, collects the ledger data and real-time status data of each distribution network communication device, and establishes a location mapping relationship between the distribution network communication device and the primary power grid device based on the name or MAC address in the ledger data.

[0061] In this embodiment, the coordinates and topology data of primary power grid equipment, such as substations and ring main units, are obtained from the power grid GIS platform. The ledger data and real-time status data of distribution network communication equipment are collected through the northbound interface of the equipment network management or direct acquisition method. The distribution network communication equipment includes OLT, ONU, industrial Ethernet switch, wireless private network base station, CPE terminal, wireless public network terminal and distribution network optical cable. The ledger data includes equipment model and the site to which it belongs; the real-time status data includes online status, signal strength and alarm information.

[0062] In this embodiment, the standardized data acquisition method based on the northbound interface includes:

[0063] The standardized data acquisition method based on the northbound interface is a core technology for achieving unified management and data interoperability of devices from multiple vendors. It needs to cover the entire process of "protocol access - data conversion - model unification - quality assurance", as detailed below:

[0064] I. Integrated Protocol Stack Design

[0065] 1. Dynamic connection management mechanism

[0066] Introducing "connection pool" technology: For northbound interfaces and direct device connection scenarios, such as connecting to an upper-level network management system, connection pools are maintained separately, such as SNMP connection pools and TL1 connection pools, with preset maximum number of connections and idle timeout, such as 30 seconds, to avoid performance loss caused by frequent connection creation / destruction.

[0067] Intelligent heartbeat and reconnection: For long-term idle connections, a lightweight heartbeat packet is sent every 60 seconds, such as an SNMP get-next null request or a TL1 TEST command; if there is no response after 3 consecutive heartbeats, a tiered reconnection is triggered, first retrying locally, then switching to a backup interface, and finally issuing an alarm.

[0068] 2. Protocol version and vendor features are compatible.

[0069] Version adaptation: For different versions of the same protocol, such as SNMPv2c and SNMPv3, different processing logic is encapsulated, such as the authentication and encryption module of SNMPv3 and the vendor-specific extended commands of TL1. When the upper layer calls, the version is specified by parameters, without needing to be aware of the underlying differences.

[0070] Vendor-private field compatibility: Reserved extended field mapping table, for vendors such as Huawei and ZTE's private MIB (SNMP) or private TLV (TL1), mapping to extended attributes of the standardized model through configuration file, such as mapping the optical module temperature threshold of Huawei OLT to the "custom_attrs" field of the resource model.

[0071] 3. Flow control and overload protection

[0072] The token bucket algorithm limits the number of concurrent requests for a single protocol stack, such as a maximum of 100 GET requests per second for SNMP, to avoid traffic surges on northbound interfaces or devices.

[0073] When the length of the receiving queue exceeds a threshold, such as 1000 entries, a degradation strategy is automatically triggered, prioritizing alarm data and suspending resource query data.

[0074] II. Standardized Data Model

[0075] This document standardizes the definition of the northbound interface output content of various vendors in the industry, and mainly involves alarm and resource models.

[0076] Alarm model example:

[0077] Resource model example:

[0078] Cross-model association design

[0079] The association is established through unique resource identifiers, such as device_id of OLT and onu_sn of ONU: the alarm object of the alarm model is directly associated with the device_id of the resource model, which can quickly locate the basic information of the faulty device;

[0080] III. Differentiated Data Adaptation

[0081] To address the differences in data formats across multiple vendors, we have strengthened both the adaptation layer architecture and data quality control to ensure the accuracy of standardized conversion.

[0082] Differentiated Adaptive Architecture

[0083] Design vendor adaptation plugins: Each vendor, such as Huawei, ZTE, and Fiberhome, has its own independent plugin, which includes a parsing rule base, such as the mapping relationship between JSON fields of Huawei's northbound interface and the standardized model, as well as exception handling logic;

[0084] For example, the offline alarm information involved in this case involves standardized definitions for data from different manufacturers, followed by unified processing of the standardized data, as shown in the following example:

[0085] After data collection, data cleaning and verification are performed, including:

[0086] Format validation: Non-standard data returned by manufacturers, such as date formats "20231001" and "2023-10-01", are uniformly converted to ISO 8601 format (yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss); missing fields (such as "optical cable length" missing in some manufacturers' ONUs) are marked as "unknown" and the missing data is logged, triggering the supplementary data collection mechanism.

[0087] Consistency check: Different attributes of the same device, such as the OLT to which the ONU belongs and the device_id of the OLT, need to be matched. If there is a conflict, such as the OLT ID reported by the ONU not existing, a second query is triggered and the data is marked as inconsistent for manual verification.

[0088] Version compatibility handling

[0089] When a vendor iterates its interface version, such as Huawei upgrading from V2 to V3, it isolates the differences through a "version adaptation layer": new fields in the V3 interface, such as "5G collaboration identifier", are mapped to extended attributes of the standardized model, while deprecated fields, such as old alarm codes, are mapped to be compatible with old version data, ensuring a smooth transition.

[0090] In addition, in this embodiment, spatial association is achieved through a device coding mapping algorithm. For example, the substation ID of the OLT device is extracted and matched with the substation coordinates in the power grid GIS. Specifically, the OLT and ONU are communication devices, and the substation and ring main unit / switching station are primary power grid equipment. The OLT and substation are matched by name. The ONU finds the distribution automation terminal connected to the ONU by collecting the MAC address of the device connected to the ONU. This distribution automation terminal has information about the ring main unit / switching station it belongs to, thereby establishing the correspondence between the ONU and the ring main unit / switching station. Figure 2 The image shown is an example of a device label.

[0091] Specifically: Iterate through the names of the OLT devices in the distribution network communication equipment and the names of the substations in the primary equipment of the power grid. If the name of the current OLT device is the same as or has a high degree of similarity with the name of the current substation, associate the ledger data of the OLT device with the corresponding coordinates of the substation. Otherwise, continue to iterate until the end, and record the OLT devices and substations that have not established a mapping relationship.

[0092] The system obtains the MAC address of the communication device under the current ONU device in the distribution network communication equipment, obtains the corresponding distribution automation terminal under the ONU device based on the MAC address, and determines the coordinate information and topology data of the ring network cabinet / switching station to which it belongs based on the distribution automation terminal, thereby establishing the correspondence between the current ONU device and its corresponding ring network cabinet / switching station.

[0093] More accurately, due to frequent relocations of power distribution networks, the names of ONUs after relocation are often not corrected in the equipment network management system. Therefore, there is an error in matching ring main units by ONU name.

[0094] The protocol queries the MAC address of the terminal connected to the ONU, and associates the corresponding distribution automation terminal with the MAC address. This is to enable the ONU to match the ring main unit / substation. The distribution automation terminal is an intermediate product of the matching. However, on the map, a point represents three resources: ring main unit / substation, distribution automation terminal, and ONU. The distribution automation terminal and ONU are both placed in the ring main unit / substation, so they are in the same location.

[0095] Since the mapping relationship described above cannot be determined precisely, this embodiment introduces semantic analysis technology on the basis of matching distribution automation terminal names and ring main unit names using traditional regular expressions and KMP algorithms.

[0096] Using word vector models in Natural Language Processing (NLP), such as Word2Vec, the names of distribution automation terminals and ring main unit (RNB) cabinets are converted into vector representations. The semantic similarity between them is then calculated. In this embodiment, the model uses a collection of distribution automation terminal and RNB names, converting the corresponding names into vector form and calculating the cosine similarity between the two vectors. The cosine similarity is calculated using a cosine similarity algorithm. The cosine similarity algorithm measures the difference between two vectors: a cosine value close to 1 and an angle close to 0, indicating greater similarity; a cosine value close to 0 and an angle close to 90 degrees, indicating less similarity. In this embodiment, a threshold of 0.85 or higher is set for high similarity, and a threshold of 0.5 or lower is set for low similarity.

[0097] For cases where the semantic similarity is high but does not fully conform to the regular expression, manual intervention or automatic correction is performed to improve the accuracy and flexibility of matching, thereby establishing the location mapping relationship between communication equipment and power equipment.

[0098] S2 matches the location data of distribution network communication equipment with the primary equipment of the power grid, generates a dedicated communication network layer, and overlays it with the power grid GIS base map.

[0099] In this embodiment, the location data of communication equipment and primary power grid equipment are matched to generate a dedicated communication network layer, which is then overlaid on the power grid GIS base map. Specifically, in this embodiment, equipment types and statuses are distinguished by differentiated icons and colors. For example, substations with deployed OLTs are marked in blue, while those without are marked in gray. A signal coverage heatmap is overlaid on the wireless private network base station; one implementation method is based on calculating the theoretical coverage area using the COST-231-Hata model, combined with measured RSRP data from CPE terminals, and generated using a Kriging interpolation algorithm. The color depth is positively correlated with signal strength. Offline equipment icons are set to gray, while alarm equipment icons are highlighted and changed color.

[0100] Specifically, this includes:

[0101] (1) Data Acquisition and Quality Control: The received signal reference power (RSRP) data of the CPE terminal is collected periodically using wireless communication technology. During the acquisition process, the data acquisition frequency and accuracy are set, and a data verification algorithm is used to verify the acquired data in real time, eliminating outliers and erroneous data to ensure data quality.

[0102] In this embodiment, the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) is a core indicator for measuring wireless signal strength in LTE networks, reflecting the quality of the reference signal received by the terminal device from the base station. Its value is measured in dBm and is directly related to network coverage and communication stability. The normal range is generally between -90dBm and -50dBm; a higher value indicates a better signal.

[0103] (2) Application of the COST-231-Hata model:

[0104] The traditional COST-231-Hata model has a large prediction error in complex terrain, and needs to rely on interpolation of measured data from CPE terminals to improve its application.

[0105] The COST 231-Hata model is a model used to calculate the signal propagation distance in mobile communications, and its applicable conditions include:

[0106] Frequency band used f 1500~2000MHz;

[0107] Effective height of base station antenna h b The distance is 30 to 200 meters.

[0108] Mobile station antenna height h m The distance is 1 to 10 meters.

[0109] The communication distance is 1~20km.

[0110] The standard formula for path loss (unit: dB) is:

[0111] ;

[0112] in, f Indicates the operating frequency (MHz), ranging from 1500-2000MHz. h b Indicates the effective height (m) of the base station antenna. h m Indicates the height of the mobile station antenna (m). d Indicates the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas (km). a ( h m () represents the mobile station altitude correction factor. C m This represents the correction factor for large city centers (0dB for medium-sized cities / suburbs, and 3dB for densely populated urban areas). Examples are shown in the table below, which contains data calculated using the path loss formula. Therefore, based on a large amount of experimental data, the COST 231-Hata model can calculate the signal propagation distance in mobile communication. It can calculate the signal propagation distance based on parameters such as terrain environment, frequency and transmission power, thus representing different signal strengths.

[0113] (3) Rasterization interpolation

[0114] Create a regular grid: Divide the target area covered by the collection points into N M grid points, with a resolution of 50m 50m, which means the grid spacing is 0.05 km;

[0115] Per-grid point interpolation: For each grid point ( x, y Perform the following steps:

[0116] Calculate the theoretical signal strength between grid points according to the relevant steps of (2) COST-231-Hata above; that is, replace the above acquisition points and simplify it further by directly using grid points with fixed spacing as acquisition points.

[0117] Kriging interpolation is used to calculate the residuals; specifically, this includes:

[0118] After obtaining the signal strength between grid points, the terrain and other parameters within the area are determined. In this embodiment, the Kriging interpolation method... Kriging Kriging is a spatial interpolation method widely used in many fields such as geography, geology, and meteorology. Simply put, it's a technique for estimating data for unknown points based on data from known points. For example, in this embodiment, if the terrain, operating frequency, and transmission power of several collection points within a region are known, the corresponding terrain of other regions can be inferred using Kriging interpolation based on these parameters.

[0119] In this embodiment, the fundamental assumptions of Kriging interpolation are first addressed by adopting the intrinsic assumption, which is also one of the important assumptions of Kriging interpolation. It assumes that the regionalization variable Z( x At point x and x + h The difference Z( at the value) x + h )-Z( x The variance of a point depends only on the distance between the two points. h , and with xLocation is irrelevant. Simply put, as long as the distance between two points is the same, the degree of variation in their data differences will be the same regardless of their location. For example, in a region with relatively flat terrain, two locations that are equidistant will exhibit similar patterns in their elevation differences, and the differences will not vary significantly depending on their specific location within the region.

[0120] Next, this embodiment constructs and fits the variogram, which is a core concept in Kriging interpolation. It is used to describe the regionalized variable Z(…). x The degree of variation of the regionalized variable Z( x ), at point x and x + h The values ​​at are Z( x ) and Z( x + h ), variogram γ( h ) is defined as: Here N( h The distance between them is... h The number of point pairs. From this formula, we can see that the variogram calculates half the average of the squares of the differences between different locations of the regionalized variable. According to the above-mentioned general knowledge, the variogram is non-negative, i.e. This is because the square of the difference between any two data points is non-negative. Secondly, = 0. This is because when two points coincide, the difference between them is 0, so the variogram value is also 0.

[0121] Then, with distance h The increase of , variogram It will gradually increase, when h After reaching a certain value, It will tend to a stable value, which is called the sill value. The sill value reflects the degree of total variability of the regionalized variable throughout the entire study area. Finally, when h When the value is sufficiently large, the variogram will approach a constant, called the nugget. The nugget represents the variation of a regionalized variable at a microscale, such as the variation caused by measurement errors. By fitting the nugget to the variogram, the corrected signal strength can be obtained.

[0122] In practical applications, it is necessary to fit the variogram based on known data points. Common variogram models include the spherical model, the exponential model, and the Gaussian model.

[0123] Taking the spherical model as an example, its expression is: ;

[0124] Among them, here Here, C is the nugget value, C is the difference between the sill value and the nugget value, and 'a' is the range. The range represents the distance at which the variogram reaches half the sill value, reflecting the spatial correlation range of the regionalized variable. By calculating the variogram value for known data points and selecting a suitable model for fitting, the specific parameters of the variogram can be obtained through this fitting function.

[0125] Specifically, in this embodiment, the calculation process involves Kriging interpolation, the goal of which is to find a set of weighting coefficients. Lambda i This makes it possible to find the unknown point. x The estimated value Z at 0 ( x 0) Satisfies some optimal condition. This optimal condition is usually that minimizes the variance of the estimated value.

[0126] for n Known data points x i , i =1,2,, n The estimated value Z( x 0) can be represented as: ;

[0127] To determine the weighting coefficients A system of equations needs to be established. Based on the unbiasedness condition of the estimated value and the condition of minimizing the variance of the estimated value, the corresponding system of equations is obtained, expressed as: ;

[0128] in, It is a Lagrange multiplier. Known data points and The variogram values ​​between Known data points and unknown points The values ​​of the mutation function between them.

[0129] Solving the above system of equations using linear algebra methods will yield the weighting coefficients. Lambda i Once the weighting coefficients are obtained Lambda i Then, based on the known data point values ​​Z( x i To calculate unknown points x The estimated value Z at 0 ( x 0). After calculating the estimated value of the unknown point, it is also necessary to evaluate the accuracy of the estimate. This is usually measured using the estimation variance. The estimation variance reflects the degree of difference between the estimated value and the true value. A smaller estimation variance indicates higher accuracy of the estimate, meaning the estimate is closer to the true value.

[0130] (4) Draw contour lines and heat maps

[0131] A heatmap is generated by rendering the interpolated signal strength data using a red-yellow-green gradient. During rendering, color intervals are reasonably divided according to the actual signal strength range to ensure clear distinction between different signal strength areas. Simultaneously, a transparency attribute is added to the heatmap to partially display the underlying geographic information, enhancing the visualization effect, as shown in the table below. S3 determines the OLT device to which the current ONU device belongs based on the ONU device information in the distribution network communication equipment, and then generates daisy-chain PON road information. Based on the data of the OLT device, the optical cable length from the OLT device to each ONU device is collected through the northbound interface or direct connection to the OLT, thereby obtaining the optical cable length of the PON road. Finally, the PON road is merged based on the optical cable length of each PON road.

[0132] In this embodiment, information on all ONU devices connected to an OLT is collected through the northbound interface of a PON device network management system. Based on the principle that the same ONU device name, management IP or MAC address is the same, the ONU devices in the network are deduplicated and merged, and the system automatically analyzes which OLT devices the same ONU device is connected to, thereby generating daisy-chain PON information.

[0133] The process of deduplicating and merging ONU devices in the network, and automatically analyzing which OLT devices the same ONU device is connected to, includes:

[0134] The process involves collecting information on the ONU devices belonging to the first OLT device in a PON network, including their names and management IPs. It also involves collecting information on the ONU devices belonging to the second OLT device in the same PON network. The process is then iterated and compared between the ONU device information belonging to the first OLT device and the ONU device information belonging to the second OLT device. If ONU devices with the same name and management IP exist under different OLT devices, they are merged into one ONU device and recorded under the first OLT device. Otherwise, the different ONU devices are retained. Finally, a logical link for the PON is formed in the order of the first OLT device, the ONU devices belonging to the first OLT device, the ONU devices belonging to the second OLT device, and the second OLT device.

[0135] Specific examples are as follows:

[0136] In a certain PON network, the northbound interface of the equipment network management system shows that the ONUs connected to the Chengbei substation OLT are Chengbei Avenue #1 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.11), Chengbei Avenue #2 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.12), Chengbei Avenue #3 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.13), Chengbei Avenue #4 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.14), and Chengdong Avenue #1 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.15).

[0137] The data collected shows that the ONUs connected to the Chengdong Substation OLT are Chengdong Avenue No. 1 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.15), Chengbei Avenue No. 4 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.14), Chengbei Avenue No. 3 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.13), Chengbei Avenue No. 2 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.12), and Chengbei Avenue No. 1 ring network cabinet (192.168.1.11).

[0138] By comprehensively matching and deduplicating names and IP addresses, it can be determined that the logical link of this PON path is: Chengbei Substation OLT - Chengbei Avenue #1 Ring Network Cabinet - Chengbei Avenue #2 Ring Network Cabinet - Chengbei Avenue #3 Ring Network Cabinet - Chengbei Avenue #4 Ring Network Cabinet - Chengdong Avenue #1 Ring Network Cabinet - Chengdong Substation OLT. In other words, in this embodiment, the ONU information connected to the two OLTs is identical, and by deduplication, it can be determined that these ONUs are connected to the Chengbei Substation OLT and the Chengdong Substation OLT at their respective ends.

[0139] Furthermore, this embodiment also includes:

[0140] The optical cable length from the OLT device to each ONU device is collected to obtain the optical cable length of the PON path, including:

[0141] The process involves collecting the optical cable lengths from the first OLT device to each of its subordinate ONU devices, and from the second OLT device to each of its subordinate ONU devices. It then iterates through the ONU devices under both OLT devices. If a duplicate ONU device exists, the optical cable lengths from the first OLT device to the current ONU device and from the second OLT device to the current ONU device are added together, and the result is recorded. All added results are compared; if different results exist, the maximum value is taken as the optical cable length from the first OLT device to the second OLT device; otherwise…

[0142] If the first OLT device and the second OLT device do not have the same ONU device, then the first OLT device and the second OLT device are not considered to belong to the same PON network.

[0143] For example: Based on the daisy-chain PON circuit generated in Example 1, by collecting the length of the optical cable from the OLT to the ONU, the following measurements are obtained: from the OLT of Chengbei Substation to the #1 ring network cabinet of Chengbei Avenue is 0.8kM, from the OLT of Chengbei Substation to the #2 ring network cabinet of Chengbei Avenue is 1.2kM, from the OLT of Chengbei Substation to the #3 ring network cabinet of Chengbei Avenue is 1.6kM, from the OLT of Chengbei Substation to the #4 ring network cabinet of Chengbei Avenue is 2.0kM, and from the OLT of Chengbei Substation to the #1 ring network cabinet of Chengdong Avenue is 2.6kM.

[0144] The following measurements were taken: 0.8 km from Chengdong Substation OLT to Chengdong Avenue No. 1 ring network cabinet; 1.4 km from Chengdong Substation OLT to Chengbei Avenue No. 4 ring network cabinet; 1.8 km from Chengdong Substation OLT to Chengbei Avenue No. 3 ring network cabinet; 2.2 km from Chengdong Substation OLT to Chengbei Avenue No. 2 ring network cabinet; and 2.6 km from Chengdong Substation OLT to Chengbei Avenue No. 1 ring network cabinet. Adding the lengths of both sides together, the approximate length of the optical cable is 3.4 km.

[0145] The sum of the distances from each ONU to the OLTs on both sides in the current network has a slight deviation. Considering the factors of pigtails and coiled fibers, the maximum value is taken as the approximate length of the optical cable.

[0146] Furthermore, this embodiment includes:

[0147] The PON path merging optical cable based on the optical cable length of each PON path includes:

[0148] Calculate the optical cable length of all PON paths and determine the OLT devices at both ends. PON paths with the same OLT devices at both ends and the same optical cable length are considered to be carried on the same optical cable, thereby obtaining all optical cables and the corresponding PON paths under each optical cable.

[0149] For example: Based on the above PON path calculation results, the second PON path is calculated as follows: Chengbei Substation - Chengbei Community #1 Ring Network Cabinet (1.0kM, 2.4kM, the two lengths are the lengths of the optical cables from the ONU to the first and last OLTs, the same below) - Chengbei Community #2 Ring Network Cabinet (1.4kM, 2.0kM) - Chengbei Community #3 Ring Network Cabinet (2.2kM, 1.2kM) - Chengbei Community #4 Ring Network Cabinet (2.5kM, 0.9kM); the third PON path is calculated as follows: Chengbei Substation - Chengbei Vegetable Market #1 Ring Network Cabinet (0.6Km, 5.6kM) - Chengbei Vegetable Market #2 Ring Network Cabinet (1.2kM, 5.0kM) - Chengbei Vegetable Market #3 Ring Network Cabinet (1.6kM, 4.6kM).

[0150] The three PON routes have the same starting and ending stations. Calculations show that the optical cable lengths for PON1 and PON2 are 3.4 km, and for PON3, it is 6.2 km. Therefore, PON1 and PON2 are carried on the same optical cable, while PON3 is carried on a different optical cable. Figure 3 As shown.

[0151] By calculating the PON path merging of optical cables, two optical cables can be generated: Optical Cable 01 from Chengbei Substation to Chengdong Substation, with its ONUs connected in order of distance to Chengbei Avenue #1 Ring Network Cabinet, Chengbei Community #1 Ring Network Cabinet, Chengbei Avenue #2 Ring Network Cabinet, Chengbei Community #2 Ring Network Cabinet, Chengbei Avenue #3 Ring Network Cabinet, Chengbei Avenue #4 Ring Network Cabinet, Chengbei Community #3 Ring Network Cabinet, and Chengdong Avenue #1 Ring Network Cabinet; and Optical Cable 02 from Chengbei Substation to Chengdong Substation, with its ONUs connected in order of distance to Chengbei Vegetable Market #1 Ring Network Cabinet, Chengbei Vegetable Market #2 Ring Network Cabinet, and Chengbei Vegetable Market #3 Ring Network Cabinet.

[0152] In this embodiment, to improve the fault tolerance of optical cable merging, the following optical cable merging tolerance mechanism is adopted:

[0153] In practical engineering, the measurement of optical cable length is affected by instrument accuracy and environmental interference, such as temperature and terrain, resulting in a certain error, typically ±2%~5% or ±0.1~0.5km. To avoid erroneous merging due to errors, a fault-tolerant judgment mechanism based on an error threshold can be added to the original merging logic. The specific optimization scheme is as follows:

[0154] 1. The core logic of fault tolerance mechanism

[0155] Under the premise that the OLT devices at both ends are the same, the optical cable lengths of the PON paths are no longer required to be exactly the same. Instead, a reasonable error threshold range is set to determine whether the lengths are substantially equivalent: when the difference in the optical cable lengths of the two PON paths is within the threshold range, they are considered to be mergeable; when they exceed the threshold, they are determined to be different optical cables.

[0156] 2. Method for setting the error threshold:

[0157] The threshold needs to be determined based on the actual engineering scenario. It is recommended to use a dynamic threshold, which combines fixed values ​​and proportional values. The specific rules are as follows:

[0158] 1) Basic threshold: Refer to industry measurement error standards, such as YD / T 1272.1-2022 "Fiber Optic Cable Test Method", and set a fixed error threshold, such as ±0.3km, which is applicable to short-distance optical cables with a total length ≤5km;

[0159] 2) Proportional threshold: For long-distance optical cables with a total length > 5km, a length proportional threshold, such as ±3%, is adopted to avoid the fixed threshold from failing due to excessive absolute length. For example, the 3% error for a 10km optical cable is 0.3km, which is consistent with the fixed threshold for short distances to maintain logical consistency.

[0160] 3) Threshold priority: When the calculation results of the fixed threshold and the proportional threshold conflict, the larger value of the two shall be taken as the final judgment standard. For example, 3% of an 8km optical cable is 0.24km, which is less than the fixed threshold of 0.3km. In this case, 0.3km shall be used as the judgment basis.

[0161] 3. Optimization Explanation of the Merge Logic

[0162] The optimized PON path merging optical cable process is as follows:

[0163] 1) Calculate the total length of optical cables for all PON paths, i.e., the total distance between the first and last OLTs, which is the sum of the length from the ONU to the first OLT and the length from the ONU to the last OLT in a single PON path.

[0164] 2) Identify the OLT devices at both ends of each PON path and filter out the PON path sets with the same OLT at both ends;

[0165] 3) For any two PON paths within the set, calculate the length difference between them. If the difference is less than or equal to the dynamic threshold, they are determined to be carried on the same optical cable.

[0166] 4) For the same optical cable after merging, the ONUs connected to it are still ordered according to their distance from the first OLT.

[0167] 4. Verification and validation of fiber optic cable consolidation based on Geographic Information System (GIS)

[0168] 1) Verify the physical routes of PON lines using a Geographic Information System (GIS) to see if they overlap, such as passing through the same poles or pipes;

[0169] 2) Perform consistency verification on the distance distribution of ONU nodes (e.g., on the merged optical cable, the length of the ONU from the first OLT should be monotonically increasing / decreasing, and the spacing error between adjacent ONUs should be within a reasonable range).

[0170] Through the above fault tolerance mechanism, it can not only accommodate the unavoidable measurement errors in engineering, but also reduce the risk of erroneous merging through dynamic thresholds and auxiliary verification, making the optical cable merging results more in line with the actual engineering scenario.

[0171] S4 determines the logical routing diagram of the distribution network optical cable based on the data of each optical cable and the associated downstream equipment, and judges the optical cable fault and its section location based on the alarm information.

[0172] In this embodiment, determining the logical routing diagram of the distribution network optical cable based on the data of each optical cable and the associated downstream equipment includes:

[0173] Based on the correspondence between the OLT equipment and the substation, and the correspondence between the ONU equipment and its corresponding ring main unit / switching station, the latitude and longitude coordinates of each OLT equipment and ONU equipment are obtained;

[0174] Based on the OLT and ONU devices in the corresponding PON path under each optical cable, the nodes that the optical cable passes through in sequence can be obtained. By connecting the nodes in sequence and combining them with the corresponding latitude and longitude coordinates, the logical route diagram of the distribution network optical cable can be obtained.

[0175] Furthermore, including:

[0176] The process of determining the location of optical cable faults and their intervals based on alarm information includes:

[0177] The optical cables between the first OLT device and its associated ONU device are numbered respectively, and the optical cables between the second OLT device and its associated ONU device are numbered respectively;

[0178] Analyze the channel corresponding to the first OLT device: Check the alarm information of all OLT devices in the PON path within this channel. If there is an alarm indicating no optical signal on the entire link, it is determined that there is a fault in the backbone optical cable between the first OLT and the first ONU device; otherwise,

[0179] Confirm whether the ONU device closest to the first OLT device is offline. Let's call it the first ONU device. If the first ONU device is offline, we get the corresponding coarse fault range, meaning the fault lies in the optical cable between the first OLT device and the first ONU device. Otherwise...

[0180] If the first ONU device is normal, then the corresponding coarse fault range is determined according to the fault status of subsequent ONU devices, and the fine fault range is determined based on the obtained coarse fault range and the status of the ONU devices.

[0181] Furthermore, the method of determining the fine fault range based on the obtained coarse fault range and the status of the ONU device includes:

[0182] Arrange the status of all devices on the optical cable into a list according to the connection order, and record the status of each device, including normal, offline, and one-way. Among them, offline is regarded as one-way on both sides.

[0183] Starting from the beginning of the list, check the status of adjacent devices in turn. When a device is found to be in normal status and the next adjacent device is in one-way status, continue to check the status of subsequent devices. If the subsequent devices remain in one-way status, then record these two adjacent devices, and the optical cable segment between these two devices is the break point.

[0184] The device status list is traversed again from different directions for verification. If the two verification results are the same, the location of the fiber optic cable break can be determined; if they are different, the device connection relationship and status data need to be further checked to eliminate other possible interference factors.

[0185] For example, based on the optical cable ledger and associated downstream equipment, and combined with the association between the ONU and the primary power grid site in the data fusion module, the nodes through which the optical cable passes can be obtained sequentially. By connecting these nodes sequentially, the logical route diagram of the distribution network optical cable can be obtained in the GIS map.

[0186] like Figure 4 As shown, for communication, we have determined which OLTs and ONUs a fiber optic cable passes through, but we do not currently have the latitude and longitude coordinates of the OLTs and ONUs. However, since we know that the OLTs and ONUs are located in substations and ring main units, we can match the OLTs and ONUs with the corresponding substations and ring main units according to the above method, thereby determining the latitude and longitude coordinates of the OLTs and ONUs, and then display them on the map.

[0187] More detailed, such as Figure 5 As shown, based on the aforementioned optical cable ledger and calculations of downstream equipment, an optical cable connection diagram is generated. This diagram is then integrated with data such as distribution network communication management alarms and communication anomaly cause feature databases to determine optical cable faults and their location within sections.

[0188] 1. Number all ONUs (red numbers) on a fiber optic cable, the ONU to the upstream splitter (excluding the splitter, yellow numbers), and the upstream splitter (including) to the previous splitter (excluding) number (blue numbers). Divide the numbers into three groups using the three colors.

[0189] 2. For example Figure 5 As shown, focusing only on the channel coming out of the left OLT, we analyze it starting from ONU 1 and moving backwards. Note that the ONU offline is split into two single-channel alarms in two directions.

[0190] 3. First, check all PON paths in this channel for whether the OLT has any transmit or receive alarms. If so, the problem is in blue 1, which is a trunk optical cable fault. The rest will not be analyzed. If not, continue the analysis.

[0191] 4. Start the analysis from red 1. If red 1 is offline, then the problem lies with yellow 1, because the failure of blue 1 is the failure of its main trunk. This analysis will not be repeated here.

[0192] 5. Individual ONU device analysis:

[0193] Red 2 indicates a fault, and the fault record is either blue 2 or yellow 2; Red 2 indicates no fault, and the no-fault record is blue 2.

[0194] If Red 3 is faulty, the fault records are Blue 2, Blue 3, and Yellow 3; if Red 3 is not faulty, the fault records are Blue 2 and Blue 3.

[0195] Red 4 is faulty, fault records are Blue 2, Blue 3, Blue 4, and Yellow 4; Red 4 is not faulty, no fault records are Blue 2, Blue 3, and Blue 4.

[0196] Red 5 indicates a fault, with fault records for Blue 2, Blue 3, Blue 4, Blue 5, and Yellow 5; Red 5 indicates no fault, with no fault records for Blue 2, Blue 3, Blue 4, and Blue 5.

[0197] Red 6 is faulty, fault records are Blue 2, Blue 3, Blue 4, Blue 5, Blue 6, and Yellow 6; Red 6 is not faulty, no fault records are Blue 2, Blue 3, Blue 4, Blue 5, and Blue 6.

[0198] 6. Take the union of all fault records in the analyzed records, subtract the fault-free records, and the remaining records are the set of possible faults for the entire PON path. For any faulty ONU, the remaining records will necessarily have N blue numbers and yellow numbers that are the same as the ONU's number;

[0199] 7. Combining the fault points in the two channel directions, if there is overlap, that is, the optical cable is broken. If there is one overlapping segment, the optical cable in that overlapping segment is broken. If there are two overlapping segments, both segments are broken. If there are three or more overlapping segments, the optical cable in the overlapping segments at both ends is broken.

[0200] 8. For channels without overlapping sections, check if there is a single-pass ONU in that direction, i.e., a real single-pass alarm in that direction. If there is, determine the break point, which may be a broken fiber or a faulty splitter. If there is no single-pass, determine that all devices are faulty.

[0201] Optical cable break point reasoning algorithm based on state transition: This algorithm infers the break point based on the connection relationships and state change patterns between devices. Assume a normal device is in state "1" and an offline device is in state "0". If there are two adjacent devices, one in state "1" and the other in state "0", and all subsequent devices are in state "0", then the optical cable break point can be inferred to be between these two adjacent devices. In xPON networks of power distribution communication networks, it is necessary to analyze the offline and single / dual-connection states of ONUs, replacing the offline state with a unidirectional connection state (i.e., a one-sided channel terminal), and then perform optical cable break point reasoning.

[0202] Specific process:

[0203] Initialize the device status list: Arrange the status of all devices on the optical cable into a list according to the connection order, and record the status of each device (normal, offline, one-way, where offline can be regarded as one-way on both sides).

[0204] Traverse the device status list: Starting from the beginning of the list, check the status of adjacent devices in turn.

[0205] State transition detection: When a device is found to be in state "1" (normal), and the immediately following device is in state "0" (one-way), continue checking the state of subsequent devices. If the subsequent device remains in state "0" (one-way), then record these two adjacent devices. The fiber optic cable segment between these two devices is the possible break point.

[0206] Verification Results: To ensure accuracy, the device status list can be traversed again from different directions, such as from back to front. If the two verification results are the same, the location of the fiber optic cable break can be determined; if they are different, further inspection of the device connection relationships and status data is needed to eliminate other possible interference factors.

[0207] In this embodiment, the determination of state transitions and fault set analysis specifically includes the following implementation methods:

[0208] For the weight settings of the two algorithms, namely the state transition algorithm and the fault set analysis, a dynamic weighting model is adopted, which is adjusted in real time based on historical accuracy. Specifically:

[0209] 1. Definition of Algorithm Performance Metrics

[0210] Accuracy P = Number of fault cases correctly identified by the algorithm / Total number of cases in which the algorithm participates in the judgment;

[0211] Recall R = Number of real faults successfully identified by the algorithm / Total number of real faults;

[0212] F1 score = 2×(P×R) / (P+R), which comprehensively measures the algorithm performance and ranges from 0 to 1.

[0213] 2. Initial weight allocation

[0214] Calculate the F1 scores of the two algorithms based on historical operation and maintenance data, and allocate the initial weights proportionally: Algorithm A weight W_A = F1_A / (F1_A + F1_B), Algorithm B weight W_B = 1 - W_A;

[0215] Example: If the state transition algorithm F1=0.85 and the fault set analysis F1=0.75, then W_A=0.53 and W_B=0.47.

[0216] 3. Dynamic weight adjustment mechanism

[0217] After accumulating 50 actual failure cases, the F1 scores of both algorithms are recalculated and the weights are updated. The formula is: New weight W' = α × Old weight + (1-α) × New F1 percentage, where α is a smoothing coefficient, set to 0.7, to avoid drastic fluctuations in weights.

[0218] If the accuracy of an algorithm drops by more than 10% for three consecutive times, manual verification is triggered to eliminate any logical defects in the algorithm.

[0219] 4. Weighted Fusion Determination Rules

[0220] The two algorithms output the fault probability of each interval respectively. For example, the state transition algorithm outputs P1, and the fault set analysis outputs P2. The final fault probability is: final probability P = W_A×P1 + W_B×P2.

[0221] The interval where P ≥ 0.6 is taken as the high-probability fault interval;

[0222] If there are multiple high-probability intervals, sort them by interval length from smallest to largest, with shorter intervals given priority, which is consistent with the characteristics of concentrated fault points in engineering practice.

[0223] Therefore, by combining the two algorithms to determine the optical cable fault point, and by incorporating daily operation and maintenance experience data, a weighted value is assigned to the two algorithms, ultimately resulting in a more accurate fault analysis algorithm.

[0224] In addition to the solutions disclosed above, this invention also provides dynamic monitoring and visual interactive functions, specifically including:

[0225] Function: Integrates online status of equipment, optical cable continuity signals and alarm information of business terminals, and updates them to the corresponding points in the GIS layer in real time.

[0226] State update logic:

[0227] To resolve offline alarms from analytical devices, gray out the corresponding icons.

[0228] Based on the fault diagnosis results, mark the location of the optical cable break with an "×" and highlight the fault path;

[0229] When an alarm is triggered on a related business terminal, the location of the affected power distribution terminal is displayed simultaneously.

[0230] Visual interactive features: Supports filtering and displaying communication resources, viewing their status, and analyzing the impact of faults.

[0231] Construct a logical association library between communication equipment and power distribution terminals (recording the upstream and downstream relationships between OLT-PON port-ONU-power distribution terminal), automatically mark affected terminals in case of failure, and generate a user list and power outage range statistics;

[0232] It supports custom visualization rules, including device icon color / shape, heatmap gradient range, and the mapping relationship between fiber optic cable load rate and line width.

[0233] This embodiment provides a specific solution to verify the validity of this application:

[0234] System Deployment and Data Acquisition: This system is deployed in a provincial power grid distribution network area, acquiring coordinates and topology data of 500+ substations and 2000+ ring main units through the power grid GIS platform; and accessing ledgers and real-time status data of OLT devices (300+ units), ONU devices (20,000+ units), and wireless private network base stations (50+ units) from manufacturers such as Huawei and ZTE through northbound interfaces. The data fusion module matches the substation ID with the coordinates of the OLT site, and performs regular expression matching between the ONU installation location field "RMU-035" and the ring main unit name "RMU-035" in the power grid GIS, achieving spatial association of over 98% of the devices.

[0235] Generate a dedicated communication layer on the power grid GIS base map, where:

[0236] Device distribution sub-layer: Substation icons are displayed in blue (deployed) or gray (not deployed) depending on whether an OLT is deployed; Wireless base stations are overlaid with heat maps generated based on the COST-231-Hata model and RSRP measured data, with high signal strength areas rendered in red and low signal strength areas rendered in green; When an ONU device is offline, its icon is automatically grayed out and an alarm push is triggered.

[0237] Optical cable topology sub-layer: Logical links are established based on the OLT and ONU connection relationship and the order of ONUs on the PON road. The primary line cable trenches of the primary sites where these devices are located are superimposed to depict the optical cable route. The error between the corrected path and the actual laying location is ≤5 meters. When the fiber core utilization rate of a certain optical cable section reaches 85%, the line width is automatically thickened. When there is an interruption, a red "×" is displayed and the path is highlighted.

[0238] Fault Impact Analysis Application: When an OLT device fails, the visualization interaction module automatically marks its 50 downstream ONUs and corresponding 50 power distribution terminals based on the association database, generating a list of affected users (more than 1,000 households) and a power outage range statistical report. The entire analysis process takes less than 2 minutes, which is 80% more efficient than traditional manual query.

[0239] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a GIS-based visual management system for distribution network communication resources, comprising:

[0240] The data fusion module is used to obtain the coordinates and topology data of primary equipment of the power grid from the power grid GIS platform, and to obtain the ledger and real-time status data of distribution network communication equipment through the northbound interface of the equipment network management or direct acquisition method. The distribution network communication equipment includes OLT, ONU, industrial Ethernet switch, wireless private network base station, CPE terminal, wireless public network terminal and distribution network optical cable.

[0241] The GIS layer generation module is used to match the location data of communication equipment with the primary equipment of the power grid, generate a dedicated communication network layer, and overlay it with the power grid GIS base map.

[0242] Specifically, this module can also be divided into a PON path generation module, which is used to determine the OLT device to which the current ONU device belongs based on the ONU device information in the distribution network communication equipment, and then generate daisy-chain PON path information. Based on the data of the OLT device, the optical cable length from the OLT device to each ONU device is collected through the northbound interface or direct connection to the OLT, thereby obtaining the optical cable length of the PON path. Finally, the PON path merging optical cable is performed based on the optical cable length of each PON path.

[0243] The optical cable path generation module is used to determine the logical route diagram of the distribution network optical cable based on the data of each optical cable and the associated downstream equipment.

[0244] The optical cable fault analysis module is used to analyze optical cable faults and their location based on alarm information.

[0245] The dynamic monitoring module is used to integrate the online status of equipment, optical cable continuity signals and alarm information of business terminals, and update them to the corresponding points in the GIS layer in real time.

[0246] The visualization and interaction module supports filtering and displaying communication resources, viewing their status, and analyzing the impact of faults.

[0247] Other technical features of the GIS-based distribution network communication resource visualization management system described in this embodiment are similar to the corresponding GIS-based distribution network communication resource visualization management method, and will not be repeated here.

[0248] For illustrative purposes, the foregoing description has been made with reference to specific embodiments. However, the foregoing illustrative discussions are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. Numerous modifications and variations are possible in accordance with the foregoing teachings. These embodiments were chosen and described in order to best illustrate the principles of the present disclosure and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to best utilize the disclosure and to employ various embodiments with different modifications to suit a particular intended application.

[0249] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0250] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0251] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A GIS-based visualization management method for distribution network communication resources one map, characterized in that, The method comprises: Obtaining the coordinates and topological data of each power grid primary equipment, collecting the account data and real-time state data of each distribution network communication equipment, and establishing the location mapping relationship between the distribution network communication equipment and the power grid primary equipment based on the name or MAC address in the account data; Matching the location data of the distribution network communication equipment and the power grid primary equipment, generating a communication exclusive network diagram layer, and superimposing and displaying it with the power grid GIS base map; Determining the OLT device to which the current ONU device belongs according to the ONU device information in the distribution network communication equipment, and then generating hand-in-hand PON road information, collecting the optical cable length from the OLT device to each ONU device through the northbound interface or direct connection OLT based on the data of the OLT device, thereby obtaining the optical cable length of the PON road, and finally merging the optical cable of the PON road based on the optical cable length of each PON road; Determining the logical cable layout of the distribution network based on the data of each optical cable and the associated hanging device, and determining the cable fault and its interval position according to the alarm information; The method comprises: Respectively traversing the name of the OLT device in the distribution network communication equipment and the name of the transformer substation in the power grid primary equipment, if the name of the current OLT device is the same as or similar to the name of the current transformer substation, associating the account data of the OLT device with the corresponding coordinates of the transformer substation, otherwise, continue to traverse until the end, and record the OLT devices and transformer substations that do not establish the mapping relationship; Obtaining the MAC address of the communication equipment under the current ONU device in the distribution network communication equipment, obtaining the corresponding distribution automation terminal under the ONU device according to the MAC address, determining the coordinate information and topological data of the ring network cabinet / opening and closing station to which the distribution automation terminal belongs, and thereby establishing the corresponding relationship between the current ONU device and the ring network cabinet / opening and closing station.

2. The visual management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises: Collecting the ONU device information under all OLTs through the northbound interface of the PON device network management, based on the same ONU device name or management IP or MAC address, de-duplicating and merging the ONU devices in the network, automatically analyzing which OLT devices the same ONU device is hung under, and thereby generating hand-in-hand PON road information.

3. The visual management method of claim 2, wherein, The method comprises: Collecting the ONU device information under all OLTs through the northbound interface of the PON device network management, based on the same ONU device name or management IP or MAC address, de-duplicating and merging the ONU devices in the network, automatically analyzing which OLT devices the same ONU device is hung under, and thereby generating hand-in-hand PON road information. Collecting ONU devices belonging to a first OLT device in a PON network, the ONU device information including name and management IP, respectively collecting ONU devices belonging to a second OLT device in a PON network, traversing and comparing the ONU device information belonging to the first OLT device and the ONU device information belonging to the second OLT device, if there are ONU devices with the same name and management IP under different OLT devices, merging them into one ONU device and recording under the first OLT device, otherwise, still keeping different ONU devices, and finally forming a logical link of the PON road in the order of the first OLT device, the ONU devices belonging to the first OLT device, the ONU devices belonging to the second OLT device and the second OLT device.

4. The visual management method of claim 3, wherein, The collection of the optical cable length from the OLT device to each ONU device, thereby obtaining the optical cable length of the PON road, comprises: Collecting the optical cable length from the first OLT device to each ONU device belonging to it, and the optical cable length from the second OLT device to each ONU device belonging to it, traversing the ONU devices belonging to the two OLT devices, if there are the same ONU devices, adding the optical cable length from the first OLT device to the current ONU device and the optical cable length from the second OLT device to the current ONU device, and recording the result after the addition, comparing all the results after the addition, if there are different results, taking the maximum value as the optical cable length from the first OLT device to the second OLT device; otherwise, If the first OLT device and the second OLT device do not have the same ONU device, it is recorded that the first OLT device and the second OLT device do not belong to the same PON road network.

5. The visual management method of claim 4, wherein, The PON road merging optical cable based on the optical cable length of each PON road comprises: Calculating the optical cable length of all PON roads and determining the OLT devices at both ends, recording the PON roads with the same OLT devices at both ends and the same optical cable length as being carried on the same optical cable, thereby obtaining all optical cables and the corresponding PON roads under each optical cable.

6. The visual management method of claim 5, wherein, The determination of the logical layout of the distribution network optical cable based on the data of each optical cable and the associated hanging devices comprises: Based on the correspondence between the OLT device and the substation, and the correspondence between the ONU device and the associated ring cabinet / switchyard, the latitude and longitude coordinates of each OLT device and ONU device are obtained; According to the OLT devices and ONU devices in the corresponding PON road under each optical cable, the nodes through which the optical cable passes in turn can be obtained, and the nodes are connected in turn, combined with the corresponding latitude and longitude coordinates, thereby obtaining the logical layout of the distribution network optical cable.

7. The visual management method of claim 1, wherein, The research and judgment of optical cable fault and its interval position according to the alarm information comprises: Respectively numbering the optical cable between the first OLT device and the ONU devices belonging to it, and respectively numbering the optical cable between the second OLT device and the ONU devices belonging to it; analyzing the channel corresponding to the first OLT device: checking alarm information of OLT devices in all PON paths in the channel, if there is an alarm of no optical signal in the whole link, it is determined that the backbone optical cable between the first OLT device and the first ONU device is faulty; otherwise, confirming whether the ONU device closest to the first OLT device is offline, which is recorded as the first ONU device here, if the first ONU device is offline, the corresponding fault coarse interval is obtained, that is, the optical cable between the first OLT device and the first ONU device is faulty, otherwise, if the first ONU device is normal, the corresponding fault coarse interval is determined according to the fault condition of the subsequent ONU device, and the fault fine interval is determined according to the obtained fault coarse interval and the state of the ONU device.

8. The visual management method of claim 7, wherein, The determination of the fault fine interval according to the obtained fault coarse interval and the state of the ONU device comprises: arranging the states of all devices on the optical cable into a list according to the connection order, and recording the state of each device, including normal, offline, and single pass, wherein offline is regarded as single pass on both sides; starting from the beginning of the list, checking the states of adjacent devices in turn, when a device state is normal and the next device state is single pass, the state of the subsequent device is checked; if the subsequent device always remains in a single pass state, the two adjacent devices are recorded, and the optical cable segment between the two devices is the open position; the device state list is traversed again from different directions to verify, if the two verification results are the same, the optical cable open position can be determined; if they are different, the device connection relationship and state data need to be further checked to exclude other possible interference factors.

9. A GIS-based visualization management system for one map of distribution network communication resources, characterized in that, The system comprises: a data fusion module configured to acquire coordinates and topology data of each power grid primary device, collect account data and real-time state data of each distribution network communication device, and establish a location mapping relationship between the distribution network communication device and the power grid primary device based on a name or MAC address in the account data; a display module configured to match location data of the distribution network communication device and the power grid primary device, generate a communication dedicated network diagram layer, and superimpose and display the communication dedicated network diagram layer with a power grid GIS base map; a PON path generation module configured to determine an OLT device to which a current ONU device belongs based on ONU device information in the distribution network communication device, generate hand-in-hand PON path information, collect optical cable lengths from the OLT device to each ONU device based on data of the OLT device through a northbound interface or a direct connection OLT, thereby obtaining optical cable lengths of the PON path, and finally perform PON path merging and optical cable based on the optical cable lengths of each PON path; an optical cable path generation module configured to determine a logical layout of a distribution network optical cable based on data of each optical cable and associated hanging devices; an optical cable fault analysis module configured to analyze an optical cable fault and its interval position based on alarm information; the location mapping relationship between the distribution network communication device and the power grid primary device based on the name or MAC address in the account data comprises: The name of the OLT device in the power distribution network communication device and the name of the transformer substation in the power grid primary device are traversed respectively, if the name of the current OLT device is the same as or similar to the name of the current transformer substation, the account data of the OLT device is associated with the corresponding coordinates of the transformer substation, otherwise, the traversal is continued until the end, and the OLT device and the transformer substation without establishing the mapping relationship are recorded; The MAC address of the communication device under the current ONU device in the power distribution network communication device is obtained, the corresponding power distribution automation terminal of the ONU device is obtained according to the MAC address, the coordinate information and the topology data of the ring network cabinet / switchyard to which the power distribution automation terminal belongs are determined, so that the corresponding relationship between the current ONU device and the ring network cabinet / switchyard is established.

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