Facility agriculture intelligent monitoring system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a facility agriculture intelligent monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, and relates to the technical field of facility agriculture planting, the facility agriculture intelligent monitoring system comprises four groups of supporting assemblies arranged in a rectangular array, the supporting assemblies are internally provided with temperature sensors, humidity sensors and illumination sensors, and the upper ends of the four supporting assemblies are jointly provided with a top plate; a plurality of stand columns are jointly arranged among the four supporting assemblies, every two adjacent stand columns form a group, a cross beam is installed at the upper end of each group of stand columns, the upper end of each cross beam is connected with the lower end of a top plate through two symmetrically-arranged driven telescopic rods, and the center position of the lower end of each cross beam is connected with a spraying assembly through a pipeline. A cavity is formed in the cross beam, and a columnar shell is installed at the position, located at the upper end of the pipeline, in the cavity. According to the greenhouse, a series of structures are arranged, the humidity of the land in the greenhouse can be more comprehensively shown through the multiple water absorption materials, and then the situation that the humidity distribution of partial areas is not uniform is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of facility agriculture planting technology, specifically to an intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] Facility agriculture is a planting model that achieves off-season, high-yield and high-efficiency production by artificially controlling the environment (temperature, humidity, light), and is especially suitable for producing fresh strawberries in winter or cold regions.

[0003] Greenhouses, as the core facilities for off-season cultivation, break through the seasonal limitations of open-field strawberry cultivation by artificially controlling the environment, which is of great significance for ensuring the year-round supply of strawberries. However, their internal monitoring mostly relies on the "manual sampling-experience judgment" model. Growers use instruments to measure or observe plants at regular intervals every day, which has problems such as limited coverage points, delayed data feedback, missing key parameters, and significant subjective errors. It is difficult to reflect the dynamics of the internal environment of the greenhouse in real time, which restricts the refinement of pipelines. It is necessary to introduce technologies such as the Internet of Things to achieve intelligent sensing and precise control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture based on the Internet of Things, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture based on the Internet of Things, comprising four sets of rectangular array support components. Each support component is equipped with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a light sensor. A top plate is installed on the upper end of all four support components. Multiple columns are arranged between the four support components, with two adjacent columns forming a group. A crossbeam is installed on the upper end of each group of columns. The upper end of the crossbeam is connected to the lower end of the top plate via two symmetrically arranged driven telescopic rods. A spray component is connected to the center of the lower end of the crossbeam via a pipe. A cavity is formed inside the crossbeam. A columnar shell is installed inside the cavity at the upper end of the pipe. A metal disc is slidably installed inside the columnar shell. A traction rope is installed on the upper end of the metal disc. A buried plot is installed at the end of the traction rope away from the metal disc. Water-absorbing material connected to the traction rope is installed inside the buried plot. A water outlet pipe connected to the columnar shell is installed inside the cavity. The water outlet pipe is connected to an external water source via a water pump.

[0006] Preferably, a through groove is provided on the lower part of the side wall of the cylindrical housing, the through groove is connected to the water outlet pipe, and the humidity sensor is connected to the water pump signal.

[0007] Preferably, the top plate has a through groove at its upper end, and two electric push plates are symmetrically installed inside the through groove. The two electric push plates are connected to the light sensor signal.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of light adjustment components are installed between the two support components, the light adjustment components including a central rotating shaft and rotating blades.

[0009] Preferably, the support assembly includes a lifting rod, a fixed plate, an active telescopic rod, and a buried column. The buried column is located underground, and an active telescopic rod is installed at the upper end of the buried column. A lifting rod is installed at the upper end of the active telescopic rod. A fixed plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the lifting rod. The fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top plate. The inner side of the lifting rod is rotatably connected to the central rotating shaft. The inner side of the fixed plate is rotatably connected to the rotating blade. The active telescopic rod is connected to a light sensor signal.

[0010] Preferably, two monitoring probes are symmetrically installed at the lower end of the crossbeam on the left and right sides of the spray assembly.

[0011] Preferably, a cold air exchange pipe and a hot air exchange pipe are symmetrically installed inside the through slot and at the lower end of the electric push plate. The cold air exchange pipe is connected to an external cold air source through an air pump, and the hot air exchange pipe is connected to an external hot air source through an air pump. Both air pumps are connected to a temperature sensor signal.

[0012] Preferably, two grooves are symmetrically formed at the lower end of the top plate, and a winding shaft is provided inside the grooves. An insect-blocking net is wound onto the surface of the winding shaft.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. This IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture continuously monitors the temperature, light, and humidity inside the greenhouse using temperature, light, and humidity sensors installed within the supporting components. When the soil moisture inside the greenhouse decreases, the humidity sensor transmits a signal to the external control center. The control center then controls the water pump to release water. Simultaneously, the moisture inside the buried plot is lost. At this time, the absorbent material contracts due to the loss of moisture, pulling the traction rope downwards. The traction rope drives the metal disc upwards. As the metal disc moves upwards, it loses its sealing effect on the water outlet pipe. Water from the outlet pipe then flows into the spray assembly and is sprayed outwards, increasing the humidity inside the greenhouse. Based on material mesh technology, the purely mechanical structure of "absorbent material-traction rope-metal disc" works in conjunction with the humidity sensor to form a dual control system. This system drives water flow into the spray assembly and sprays water mist to increase the humidity inside the greenhouse. Multiple absorbent materials provide a more comprehensive view of the soil moisture inside the greenhouse. The material mesh achieves a "monitoring-triggering-execution" closed loop, ensuring uniform humidity control inside the greenhouse.

[0015] 2. This IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture uses light sensors to transmit real-time light information from inside the greenhouse to an external control center. The control center uses the light intensity inside the greenhouse to control the movement of the electric push plate, thereby increasing or decreasing the intensity of the light above. Simultaneously, the control center controls the active telescopic rod to rise or fall. At this time, the active telescopic rod will intersect with the fixed plate. Since the central rotating shaft is connected to the lifting rod and the rotating blade is connected to the fixed plate, the lifting rod will cause the rotating blade to change angle when it moves up and down. Different angle changes can change the light intensity inside the greenhouse.

[0016] 3. This IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture transmits electrical signals through temperature sensors and controls two air pumps in real time through a control center. The air pumps drive cold and hot air sources into the cold and hot air exchange pipes, and then transfer hot and cold air into the greenhouse through the cold and hot air exchange pipes to change the temperature inside the greenhouse, making the temperature inside the greenhouse more suitable for strawberry growth.

[0017] 4. This IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture uses a groove at the bottom of the roof panel. Inside the groove, a rewinding shaft is installed via a motor. The surface of the rewinding shaft is covered with insect-blocking nets. Two insect-blocking nets correspond to the openings on both sides of the greenhouse. When staff need to enter the greenhouse, the motor drives the rewinding shaft to roll up the insect-blocking nets. After the staff leaves, the motor lowers the insect-blocking nets to intercept some flying insects outside. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the beam of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylindrical shell of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side bottom view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support component structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a simplified diagram of the Internet of Things (IoT) system modules of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Support assembly; 101. Lifting rod; 102. Fixing plate; 103. Active telescopic rod; 104. Buried column; 2. Top plate; 3. Light adjustment assembly; 301. Central rotating shaft; 302. Rotating blade; 4. Insect net; 5. Electric push plate; 6. Column; 7. Crossbeam; 8. Spray assembly; 9. Column-shaped shell; 10. Traction rope; 11. Buried plot; 12. Water outlet pipe; 13. Metal disc; 14. Through groove; 15. Groove; 16. Monitoring probe; 17. Cold air exchange pipe; 18. Through groove; 19. Driven telescopic rod; 20. Hot air exchange pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, this embodiment of the IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture includes four sets of rectangular array support components 1. These four support components 1 provide support, and each support component 1 is equipped with a temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and light sensor to monitor the temperature, humidity, and light intensity inside the greenhouse. A roof plate 2 is mounted on the upper end of each of the four support components 1. Multiple columns 6 are arranged between the four support components 1, with two adjacent columns 6 forming a group. The number of columns 6 is determined based on the actual length of the greenhouse. A crossbeam 7 is mounted on the upper end of each group of columns 6. The upper end of the crossbeam 7 is connected to the lower end of the roof plate 2 via two symmetrically arranged driven telescopic rods 19. When the roof plate 2 begins to rise… Multiple driven telescopic rods 19 rise synchronously, serving as a connection between the crossbeam 7 and the top plate 2. A spray assembly 8 is connected to the lower center of the crossbeam 7 via a pipe. The spray assembly 8 releases water mist outwards, increasing humidity inside the greenhouse. The crossbeam 7 has an internal cavity, inside which a columnar shell 9 is installed at the upper end of the pipe. The lower end of the columnar shell 9 is connected to the pipe, allowing water to flow through it into the pipe and the spray assembly 8. A metal disc 13 is slidably installed inside the columnar shell 9, and a traction rope 10 is installed at the upper end of the metal disc 13, moving away from the metal disc. One end of 13 is equipped with a buried block 11 located underground. The buried block 11 contains absorbent material connected to the traction rope 10. The surface of the buried block 11 has holes that allow it to contact the underground soil, enabling the absorbent material to directly absorb moisture from the soil. It is important to note that the bottom of the absorbent material is fixedly connected to the inside of the buried block 11 via a metal sheet, and the top of the absorbent material is fixedly connected to the traction rope 10. The connection points need to be reinforced, and their strength tested to prevent breakage. Inside the cavity is a water outlet pipe 12 connected to the columnar shell 9. The water outlet pipe 12 is connected to an external water source via a water pump. When the soil moisture inside the greenhouse decreases, a humidity sensor transmits a signal to the external control center. The control center controls the water pump to release water, and simultaneously, the humidity inside the buried plot 11 is lost. At this time, the water-absorbing material shrinks due to the loss of moisture, pulling the traction rope 10 downward. The traction rope 10 drives the metal disc 13 to move upward. When the metal disc 13 moves upward, it loses its sealing effect on the water outlet pipe 12. At this time, the water inside the water outlet pipe 12 will enter the spray assembly 8 through the pipe and spray outward to increase the humidity inside the greenhouse. By burying multiple plots 11 underground, the soil inside the greenhouse can be divided into multiple areas according to the number of plots 11. Each plot 11 can monitor the soil humidity in different areas. When the humidity in a certain area is too low, the spray assembly 8 at the lower end of the upper beam 7 will spray water mist downward.This helps avoid uneven humidity distribution in certain areas. It's important to note that the absorbent material needs to have a certain degree of recoverable shrinkage; for example, modified superabsorbent resin has a lifespan of approximately 1-2 years and requires regular replacement and maintenance.

[0028] Specifically, a through groove 14 is provided on the lower side wall of the columnar shell 9. The through groove 14 is connected to the water outlet pipe 12. The humidity sensor is connected to the water pump signal. The humidity sensor monitors the humidity inside the greenhouse air and transmits the signal to the control center. The control center controls the water pump to release water into the interior of the columnar shell 9. Since the humidity of the air and the humidity of the soil are different, when the soil humidity is not up to standard, the traction rope 10 will not drive the metal disc 13 to rise, so the water will not spray downwards.

[0029] Furthermore, a through groove 18 is provided at the upper end of the top plate 2. Two electric push plates 5 are symmetrically installed inside the through groove 18. The two electric push plates 5 are connected to the light sensor signal. Multiple light adjustment components 3 are installed between the two support components 1. The light adjustment components 3 include a central rotating shaft 301 and a rotating blade 302. The support components 1 include a lifting rod 101, a fixed plate 102, an active telescopic rod 103, and a buried column 104. The buried column 104 is located underground. An active telescopic rod 103 is installed at the upper end of the buried column 104. A lifting rod 101 is installed at the upper end of the active telescopic rod 103. The fixed plate 102 is slidably connected to the inner side of the lifting rod 101. The fixed plate 102 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top plate 2. The inner side of the lifting rod 101 is rotatably connected to the central rotating shaft 301. Next, the inner side of the fixed plate 102 is rotatably connected to the rotating blade 302, and the active telescopic rod 103 is connected to the light sensor signal. The light sensor transmits the light information inside the greenhouse to the external control center at all times. The control center controls the movement of the electric push plate 5 at all times based on the light intensity inside the greenhouse, thereby increasing or decreasing the intensity of the light above. The control center will also control the active telescopic rod 103 to rise or fall synchronously. At this time, the active telescopic rod 103 will intersect with the fixed plate 102. Since the central rotating shaft 301 is connected to the lifting rod 101 and the rotating blade 302 is connected to the fixed plate 102, the lifting rod 101 will drive the rotating blade 302 to change angle when it moves up and down. Different angle changes can change the light intensity inside the greenhouse.

[0030] Furthermore, two monitoring probes 16 are symmetrically installed at the lower end of the crossbeam 7 on the left and right sides of the spray assembly 8. The monitoring probes 16 can monitor the growth of strawberries inside the greenhouse at all times.

[0031] Furthermore, a cold air exchange pipe 17 and a hot air exchange pipe 20 are symmetrically installed inside the through-slot 18 and at the lower end of the electric push plate 5. The cold air exchange pipe 17 is connected to an external cold air source through an air pump, and the hot air exchange pipe 20 is connected to an external hot air source through an air pump. Both air pumps are connected to a temperature sensor signal, which transmits electrical signals. The control center controls the two air pumps in real time, and the air pumps drive the cold air source and the hot air source into the cold air exchange pipe 17 and the hot air exchange pipe 20. The cold air exchange pipe 17 and the hot air exchange pipe 20 transfer hot and cold air to the inside of the greenhouse to change the temperature inside the greenhouse, making the temperature inside the greenhouse more suitable for the growth environment of strawberries.

[0032] Furthermore, two grooves 15 are symmetrically opened at the lower end of the top plate 2. A winding shaft is installed inside the groove 15, and an insect-blocking net 4 is wound on the surface of the winding shaft. By opening grooves at the lower end of the top plate 2, a winding shaft is installed inside the groove 15 via a motor, and an insect-blocking net 4 is wound on the surface of the winding shaft. The two insect-blocking nets 4 correspond to the openings on both sides of the greenhouse. When workers need to enter the greenhouse, the motor drives the winding shaft to wind up the insect-blocking net 4. After the workers leave, the motor lowers the insect-blocking net 4 to intercept some flying insects outside.

[0033] The usage method of this embodiment is as follows: Temperature, light, and humidity inside the greenhouse are constantly monitored by temperature sensors, light sensors, and humidity sensors installed inside the support assembly 1. When the soil moisture inside the greenhouse decreases, the humidity sensor transmits a signal to the external control center. The control center then controls the water pump to release water. Simultaneously, the moisture inside the buried plot 11 is lost. At this time, the absorbent material contracts due to the loss of moisture, pulling the traction rope 10 downwards. The traction rope 10 drives the metal disc 13 upwards. As the metal disc 13 moves upwards, it loses its ability to discharge water. The water pipe 12 is sealed, and the water inside the water pipe 12 will enter the spray assembly 8 through the pipe and spray outward to increase the humidity inside the greenhouse. The water pipe 12 is opened by a purely mechanical structure of "water-absorbing material-traction rope 10-metal disc 13". With the help of a humidity sensor to control the water pump to release water, the water will flow into the spray assembly 8 and spray water mist to increase the humidity inside the greenhouse. Multiple water-absorbing materials can more comprehensively display the humidity of the soil inside the greenhouse, thereby avoiding uneven humidity distribution in some areas.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture based on the Internet of Things, comprising four sets of rectangular array support components (1), each support component (1) having a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a light sensor installed inside, characterized in that: A top plate (2) is installed on the upper end of each of the four support components (1). Multiple columns (6) are arranged between the four support components (1). Two adjacent columns (6) form a group. A crossbeam (7) is installed on the upper end of each group of columns (6). The upper end of the crossbeam (7) is connected to the lower end of the top plate (2) through two symmetrically arranged driven telescopic rods (19). A spray component (8) is connected to the center of the lower end of the crossbeam (7) through a pipe. A cavity is opened inside the crossbeam (7). The cavity is located on the pipe. A cylindrical shell (9) is installed at one end. A metal disc (13) is slidably installed inside the cylindrical shell (9). A traction rope (10) is installed at the upper end of the metal disc (13). A buried block (11) located underground is installed at the end of the traction rope (10) away from the metal disc (13). A water-absorbing material connected to the traction rope (10) is provided inside the buried block (11). A water outlet pipe (12) connected to the cylindrical shell (9) is installed inside the cavity. The water outlet pipe (12) is connected to an external water source through a water pump.

2. The IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side wall of the cylindrical housing (9) is provided with a through groove (14), which is connected to the water outlet pipe (12), and the humidity sensor is connected to the water pump signal.

3. The IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (2) has a through groove (18) at its upper end. Two electric push plates (5) are symmetrically installed inside the through groove (18). The two electric push plates (5) are connected to the light sensor signal.

4. The IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple light adjustment components (3) are installed between the two support components (1), and the light adjustment components (3) include a central rotating shaft (301) and a rotating blade (302).

5. The IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support assembly (1) includes a lifting rod (101), a fixed plate (102), an active telescopic rod (103), and a buried column (104). The buried column (104) is located underground. An active telescopic rod (103) is installed at the upper end of the buried column (104). A lifting rod (101) is installed at the upper end of the active telescopic rod (103). A fixed plate (102) is slidably connected to the inner side of the lifting rod (101). The fixed plate (102) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top plate (2). The inner side of the lifting rod (101) is rotatably connected to the central rotating shaft (301). The inner side of the fixed plate (102) is rotatably connected to the rotating blade (302). The active telescopic rod (103) is connected to the light sensor signal.

6. The IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two monitoring probes (16) are symmetrically installed at the lower end of the crossbeam (7) on the left and right sides of the spray assembly (8).

7. The IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cold air exchange pipe (17) and a hot air exchange pipe (20) are symmetrically installed inside the through slot (18) and at the lower end of the electric push plate (5). The cold air exchange pipe (17) is connected to an external cold air source through an air pump, and the hot air exchange pipe (20) is connected to an external hot air source through an air pump. Both air pumps are connected to a temperature sensor signal.

8. The IoT-based intelligent monitoring system for facility agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (2) has two symmetrically arranged grooves (15) at its lower end. A winding shaft is provided inside the grooves (15), and an insect-blocking net (4) is wound on the surface of the winding shaft.

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