A neurosurgical post-craniotomy distraction adjustable drainage flow rate drainage device

Abstract

The application provides a neurosurgery postcranial distraction adjustable drainage flow rate drainage device, and belongs to the technical field of medical devices. The device comprises a fixed plate, clamping plates arranged on both sides of the fixed plate, a plurality of air bags installed on the inner side of the clamping plates, a head top fixed plate fixedly connected to one end of the clamping plate, two head top fixed plates rotationally connected through a rotating shaft, and an insertion tube fixedly connected to one side of one head top fixed plate through a bolt assembly. The application cooperates with the rectangular plate and other parts, adjusts the inclination angle of the rectangular plate and the extrusion degree of the drainage hose, and can accelerate the drainage speed. When the amount of effusion is small, the inclination angle and the extrusion degree can be reduced to maintain a stable drainage flow rate. The intelligent flow rate adjustment mechanism not only improves the treatment efficiency, but also reduces the pain and discomfort of the patient, thereby improving the overall practicability of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and more specifically, to a drainage device with adjustable drainage rate after posterior cranial expansion in neurosurgery. Background Technology

[0002] Neurosurgery is a branch of surgery that, based on surgery as the primary treatment method, applies unique neurosurgical research methods to study the human nervous system, such as the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system, as well as related accessory structures such as the skull, scalp, cerebral blood vessels, and meninges. It investigates the causes and pathogenesis of diseases such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and neuralgia, and explores new diagnostic, treatment, and preventive technologies.

[0003] Craniotomy is one of the procedures in neurosurgery. After craniotomy, it is necessary to drain the fluid in the brain of the patient. Existing drainage devices usually drain the fluid at a constant rate. However, when there is too much fluid in the brain, it is not possible to drain it quickly, which can cause prolonged discomfort to the patient. In this case, the method of draining the fluid at a constant rate has limitations. Therefore, we provide a drainage device with adjustable drainage rate after posterior craniotomy in neurosurgery to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that existing drainage devices can only drain fluid at a constant rate and cannot drain quickly when there is excessive intracranial fluid, this invention provides a neurosurgical drainage device with adjustable drainage flow rate after posterior cranial expansion.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A neurosurgical posterior cranial dilation drainage device with adjustable drainage rate includes:

[0007] A fixing plate is provided with clamps on both sides of the fixing plate. Multiple airbags are installed on the inner side of the clamps. A head fixing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the clamps. Two head fixing plates are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft. An insertion tube is fixedly connected to one side of one head fixing plate by a bolt assembly. A drainage hose is connected to the end of the insertion tube.

[0008] A clamping mechanism, located inside the splint, is used to fix the splint to the head of the craniotomy patient;

[0009] A support unit, located on the outside of the clamp, is used to fix and support the drainage tube.

[0010] A rotating assembly, located on the outside of the clamp, is used to adjust the tilt angle of the drainage hose;

[0011] An adjustment mechanism, located inside the insertion tube, is used to adjust the diameter of the insertion tube.

[0012] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes a rotating shaft disposed at one end of the clamping plate, the fixed plate being rotatably connected to the clamping plate via the rotating shaft, a second worm gear being rotatably connected inside the fixed plate, one end of the second worm gear passing through the outside of the fixed plate and fixedly connected to a lever, a circular seat being fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate, and the end of the second worm gear with the lever passing through the inside of the circular seat, and two second worm wheels being rotatably connected inside the fixed plate and meshing with the second worm gear, the two second worm wheels being symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the second worm gear.

[0013] Optionally, the clamping mechanism further includes a third spur gear fixedly connected to the top of the second worm gear via a connecting rod, wherein one side of the third spur gear is meshed with a first spur gear, and the first spur gear is rotatably connected within the fixed plate. A second spur gear is disposed inside the rotating shaft, and the second spur gear is meshed with one of the third spur gears and the first spur gear respectively.

[0014] Optionally, the support unit includes a slide rail disposed on the outer wall of the clamping plate, a slider slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rail, a first bolt threadedly connected to the top of the slider, a plurality of threaded grooves matching the first bolt being formed on the slide rail, a through hole being formed in the slider, a support rod slidably connected to the through hole, a second bolt threadedly connected to one side of the slider, and one end of the second bolt passing through the through hole and abutting against the outer wall of the support rod, and a fixed wheel being fixedly connected to the top of the support rod.

[0015] Optionally, the rotating assembly includes fixed blocks fixedly connected to both ends of the fixed wheel, a fixed seat fixedly connected to one side of the fixed block, a rectangular plate installed inside the fixed wheel, a clamping seat fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular plate, the top of the clamping seat being fixed to the drainage hose by bolts, a rotating shaft provided on both sides of a section of the rectangular plate inside the fixed wheel, and one end of the rotating shaft passing through to the outside of the fixed seat and rotatably connected to the fixed seat, a first worm gear provided on the outer wall of one of the rotating shafts, a first worm gear rotatably connected to one side of one of the fixed blocks and meshing with the first worm gear, and a squeezing component for squeezing the drainage hose provided inside the fixed wheel.

[0016] Optionally, the extrusion component includes a turntable fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft, a cylindrical block fixedly connected to the side wall of the turntable, a sleeve plate fitted onto the outer wall of the cylindrical block, a first connecting rod fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve plate, limit blocks fixedly connected to both ends of the fixed wheel, the first connecting rod extending through to the outside of the limit block and slidably connected to the limit block, and a trapezoidal block fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting rod.

[0017] Optionally, the extrusion component further includes a spherical rod slidably connected to the end wall of the fixed wheel. One end of the spherical rod extends into the interior of the fixed wheel and is fitted with a rectangular block, while the other end extends into the exterior of the fixed wheel and abuts against the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block. A fixed circular plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spherical rod. The fixed circular plate is located outside the fixed wheel, and a spring is installed between the fixed circular plate and the end wall of the fixed wheel. A pushing component is provided at the bottom of one of the sleeve plates.

[0018] Optionally, the pushing assembly includes a second connecting rod fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the sleeve plates, a piston rod fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the second connecting rod, an air guide block fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the fixed wheel, the piston rod slidably connected inside the air guide block, and a connecting hose communicating with the bottom of the air guide block.

[0019] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes two auxiliary circular plates installed inside the insertion tube. The two auxiliary circular plates are arranged in parallel, and a soft membrane sleeve is provided between the two auxiliary circular plates. An air guide chamber is provided between the two auxiliary circular plates. An air delivery chamber is formed inside the inner wall of the insertion tube. Multiple through grooves are formed inside the inner wall of the insertion tube. The air delivery chamber communicates with the air guide chamber through the through grooves. An air guide groove is formed inside the inner wall of the insertion tube. The air guide groove extends along the length of the insertion tube. One end of the air guide groove is connected to the air guide block through a connecting hose, and the other end of the air guide groove is connected to the air guide chamber through the air delivery chamber.

[0020] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism further includes a plurality of anti-backflow grooves disposed on the inner wall of the soft membrane sleeve, the plurality of anti-backflow grooves being arranged in a parallel array, each of the anti-backflow grooves having a slot hole, and the auxiliary circular plate having a guide groove communicating with the interior of the insertion tube, the guide groove being connected to the anti-backflow groove through the slot hole.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In the above solution, by using components such as rectangular plates and adjusting the tilt angle of the rectangular plates and the compression degree of the drainage tube, the drainage speed can be accelerated; when the accumulated fluid is small, the tilt angle and compression degree can be reduced to maintain a stable drainage flow rate. This intelligent flow rate adjustment mechanism not only improves treatment efficiency but also reduces patient pain and discomfort, thereby enhancing the overall practicality of the device.

[0023] By using a combination of components such as a lever, after medical staff insert the catheter into the craniotomy patient's skull, the splints are clamped on both sides of the patient's head. The medical staff then move the lever to rotate the second worm gear, which in turn drives two second worm wheels, which in turn drive a third spur gear. One of the third spur gears then drives the first spur gear, causing the two splints to move towards each other and clamp the patient's head. Simultaneously, the splints clamp the patient's head, and two head-fixing plates move inwards to hold the patient's head in place. This ensures the splints are more securely fixed. The catheter is then secured to one side of one of the head-fixing plates with bolts, further securing the plate to the patient's head and preventing the catheter from shifting during use. This ensures the stability and safety of the drainage procedure, reduces patient discomfort, and improves treatment effectiveness.

[0024] By using a combination of components such as a splint and a head fixation plate, the stability of the insertion tube within the cranium of the patient undergoing craniotomy is ensured. This stability is crucial for subsequent drainage procedures, as it prevents drainage failure or patient discomfort caused by tube movement. Medical staff can flexibly adapt to different patients' head shapes and drainage needs by moving the slider on the track and adjusting the position of the support rod and fixation wheels.

[0025] By coordinating components such as the piston rod, the air pressure inside the air chamber is regulated through the movement of the piston rod within the air guide block. When the piston rod moves upward, a negative pressure is generated inside the air guide chamber, causing the soft membrane sleeve to expand, thereby increasing the diameter of the insertion tube. This adaptive diameter adjustment mechanism can be flexibly adjusted according to the patient's fluid volume and flow rate requirements, ensuring a smoother and more efficient drainage process. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the specification, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and enable those skilled in the art to practice and use the invention.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the rectangular plate of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the insertion tube of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view at point C;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the soft membrane sleeve of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed wheel of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the air guide block of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of one side of the rectangular plate structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing plate of the present invention.

[0039] [Figure Labels]

[0040] 1. Fixing plate; 2. Clamping plate; 3. Airbag; 4. Slide rail; 5. Slider; 6. Top fixing plate; 7. Rotating shaft; 8. Lever; 9. Circular seat; 10. Support rod; 11. Insertion tube; 12. Drainage hose; 13. Fixing wheel; 14. First bolt; 15. Second bolt; 16. Threaded groove; 17. Connecting hose; 18. Spring; 19. Fixing circular plate; 20. Ball rod; 21. Fixing block; 22. Fixing seat; 23. First worm gear; 24. First worm; 25. Turntable; 26. First 27. Connecting rod; 28. Trapezoidal block; 29. ​​Rectangular plate; 30. Clamping seat; 31. Air guide groove; 32. Auxiliary circular plate; 33. First spur gear; 34. Soft membrane sleeve; 35. Air guide chamber; 36. Air delivery chamber; 37. Anti-backflow groove; 38. Guide groove; 39. Rectangular block; 40. Columnar block; 41. Second connecting rod; 42. Piston rod; 43. Air guide block; 44. Sleeve plate; 45. Second spur gear; 46. Third spur gear; 47. Second worm gear; 48. Limiting block; 49. Rotating shaft.

[0041] As shown in the figure, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure to clearly illustrate the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. Those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should also be noted that, to make the embodiments more comprehensive, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can use other alternative methods to implement some well-known technologies; moreover, the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0044] Generally, terms can be understood at least partly from their use in context. For example, depending at least partly on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood not necessarily to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather, alternatively, depending at least partly on the context, to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0045] It is understood that the meanings of “on”, “above”, and “above” in this invention should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something with an intervening feature or layer, and that “above” or “above” means not only “on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something without an intervening feature or layer.

[0046] Furthermore, spatially related terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” and “upper” are used herein for convenience to describe the relationship of one element or feature to one or more other elements or features, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Spatially related terms are intended to cover different orientations in the use or operation of the device other than those depicted in the accompanying drawings. The device may be oriented in other ways, and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein can be interpreted similarly.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a drainage device with adjustable drainage rate for posterior craniotomy in neurosurgery, comprising: a fixation plate 1, with clamps 2 on both sides of the fixation plate 1, the direction of the clamps 2 toward the center being the inner side, multiple airbags 3 installed on the inner side of the clamps 2, and a head fixation plate 6 respectively provided at one end of two clamps 2, the two head fixation plates 6 being rotatably connected by a rotating shaft, and an insertion tube 11 fixedly connected to one side of one of the head fixation plates 6 by a bolt assembly, the end of the insertion tube 11 being externally connected to a drainage tube 12; a clamping mechanism, located inside the clamps 2, for fixing the clamps 2 to the head of the craniotomy patient; the clamping mechanism includes a rotating shaft 7 fixedly connected to the end of the clamps 2, the clamps 2 being rotatably connected to the fixation plate 1 through the rotating shaft 7, and a second worm gear 46 rotatably connected inside the fixation plate 1, the second... One end of the worm 46 extends through the outside of the fixed plate 1 and is fixedly connected to a lever 8. A circular seat 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 1, and one end of the second worm 46 with the lever 8 passes through the inside of the circular seat 9. Two second worm wheels 47 that mesh with the second worm 46 are rotatably connected inside the fixed plate 1. The two second worm wheels 47 are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis of the second worm 46. The clamping mechanism also includes a third spur gear 45 fixedly connected to the top of the two second worm wheels 47 by a connecting rod. One side of the third spur gear 45 is meshed with a first spur gear 32, and the first spur gear 32 is rotatably connected inside the fixed plate 1. A second spur gear 44 is provided inside the rotating shaft 7, and the two second spur gears 44 are meshed with the third spur gear 45 and the first spur gear 32, respectively.

[0048] After the medical staff inserts the insertion tube 11 into the craniotomy patient's skull, they clamp the two splints 2 on both sides of the patient's head. Then, the medical staff moves the lever 8 to rotate the second worm gear 46, which in turn drives the two second worm wheels 47 to rotate, thereby driving the third spur gear 45 to rotate. One of the third spur gears 45 then drives the first spur gear 32 to rotate, which in turn drives the two splints 2 to move towards each other, clamping the splints 2 onto the patient's head. While the splints 2 are clamping, the two head fixation plates 6 are driven to clamp the top of the patient's head inward, making the splints 2 more securely fixed to the patient's head. Then, the insertion tube 11 is fixed to one side of one of the head fixation plates 6 with bolts, making the head fixation plate 6 more securely fixed to the patient's head, preventing the insertion tube 11 from shaking during use, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the drainage operation, reducing patient discomfort and improving treatment effectiveness.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the support unit is disposed on the outside of one of the clamping plates 2 for fixing and supporting the drainage hose 12. The support unit includes a slide rail 4 disposed on the outer wall of one of the clamping plates 2. A slider 5 is slidably connected to the slide rail 4. A first bolt 14 is threadedly connected to the top of the slider 5. The slide rail 4 has a plurality of threaded grooves 16 that match the first bolt 14. A support rod 10 is slidably connected inside the slider 5. A through hole matching the support rod 10 is opened inside the slider 5. A second bolt 15 is threadedly connected to one side of the slider 5, and one end of the second bolt 15 passes through the through hole and abuts against the outer wall of the support rod 10. A fixed wheel 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod 10.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, the rotating assembly is located on the outside of the clamping plate 2 and is used to adjust the tilt angle of the drainage tube 12. The adjusting mechanism is located inside the insertion tube 11 and is used to adjust the diameter of the insertion tube 11. The rotating assembly includes a fixing block 21 fixedly connected to both ends of the fixing wheel 13. A fixing seat 22 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing block 21. A rectangular plate 28 is installed inside the fixing wheel 13. A clamping seat 29 is fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular plate 28. The clamping seat 29 has an opening at the top and bolts are connected between the openings. The clamping seat 29 clamps and fixes the drainage tube 12 by controlling the bolts. After the insertion tube 11 is fixed, when the patient needs drainage, the medical staff moves the slider 5 on the slide 4. When the support rod 10 is aligned with the insertion tube 11, the first bolt 14 is tightened to fit the appropriate threaded groove 16 to fix the slider 5. Then the support rod 10 is moved until the fixing wheel 13 at the top of the support rod 10 is adjusted to be below the insertion tube 11. Then the medical staff installs the drainage tube 12 at the end of the insertion tube 11 and places it on the rectangular plate 28 between the fixing wheels 13, allowing it to pass between the clamping seats 29. The clamping seats 29 are tightened with bolts to clamp the drainage tube 12, so that one end of the drainage tube 12 is fixed to the top of the rectangular plate 28.

[0051] The combined use of the splint 2 and the head fixation plate 6 ensures the stability of the insertion tube 11 within the craniotomy patient's skull. This stability is crucial for subsequent drainage procedures, as it prevents drainage failure or patient discomfort due to tube movement. Medical staff can flexibly adapt to different patients' head shapes and drainage needs by moving the slider 5 on the slide 4 and adjusting the positions of the support rod 10 and the fixing wheel 13.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, the rectangular plate 28 is fixedly connected to two sides of the fixed wheel 13 with rotating shafts 49, and one end of the rotating shaft 49 extends through the outside of the fixed base 22 and is rotatably connected to the fixed base 22. A first worm gear 23 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the rotating shafts 49, with the direction away from the fixed wheel 13 as the outer side. The first worm gear 23 is located outside the fixed base 22. A first worm 24 that meshes with the first worm gear 23 is rotatably connected to one side of the fixed block 21. A squeezing component for squeezing the drainage tube 12 is provided inside the fixed wheel 13. The squeezing component includes a turntable 25 fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 49. A cylindrical block 39 is fixedly connected to the side wall away from the rotating shaft 49. A sleeve plate 43 is sleeved on the outer wall of the cylindrical block 39. A first connecting rod 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve plate 43. Limiting blocks 48 are fixedly connected to both ends of the fixed wheel 13. The first connecting rod 26 passes through to the outside of the limiting block 48 on the same side and is slidably connected to the limiting block 48. A trapezoidal block 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting rod 26. The extrusion component also includes a spherical rod 20 that is slidably connected to the inside of the side walls at both ends of the fixed wheel 13. A rectangular block 38 is fixedly connected to one end of the spherical rod 20 inside the fixed wheel 13. Two rectangular blocks 29 are located on both sides of the drainage hose 12.

[0053] A fixed circular plate 19 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spherical rod 20 outside the fixed wheel 13. A spring 18 is installed between the fixed circular plate 19 and the fixed wheel 13. The end of the spherical rod 20 outside the fixed wheel 13 initially abuts against the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 27. A pushing assembly for adjusting the diameter of the soft membrane sleeve 33 is provided at the bottom of one of the sleeve plates 43. The pushing assembly includes a second connecting rod 40 fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the sleeve plates 43. The second connecting rod 40 is an L-shaped rod. A piston rod 41 is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod 40. The piston rod 41 extends vertically downward. An air guide block 42 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the fixed wheel 13. The piston rod 41 is slidably connected inside the air guide block 42. The bottom of the air guide block 42 is connected to... The device is equipped with a connecting hose 17. The adjustment mechanism includes two auxiliary circular plates 31 fixedly connected inside the insertion tube 11. The two auxiliary circular plates 31 are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other. The edges of the auxiliary circular plates 31 are in contact with the inner wall of the insertion tube 11. A soft membrane sleeve 33 is fixedly connected between the two auxiliary circular plates 31. An air guide chamber 34 is provided between the two auxiliary circular plates 31. An air delivery chamber 35 is opened inside the inner wall of the insertion tube 11. Multiple through grooves are opened inside the inner wall of the insertion tube 11. The air delivery chamber 35 is connected to the air guide chamber 34 through the through grooves. An air guide groove 30 is opened inside the inner wall of the insertion tube 11. The air guide block 42 is connected to the air guide groove 30 through the connecting hose 17. The connecting hose 17 extends into the insertion tube 11 and is connected to the air guide groove 30. The air guide groove 30 is connected to the air guide chamber 34 through the air delivery chamber 35. The adjustment mechanism also includes a plurality of anti-backflow grooves 36 formed on the inner wall of the soft membrane sleeve 33. The anti-backflow grooves 36 are arranged in a parallel array around the inner wall of the soft membrane sleeve 33. Each anti-backflow groove 36 has interconnected slots inside. The auxiliary circular plate 31 has a guide groove 37 that communicates with the inside of the insertion tube 11. The guide groove 37 is connected to the anti-backflow groove 36 through slots.

[0054] When the patient has a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid, medical staff normally connect the drainage tube 12 to drain the fluid. However, when the patient has excessive cerebrospinal fluid, the first worm gear 24 is activated to drive the first worm wheel 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the rectangular plate 28 to rotate inside the fixed wheel 13 via the rotating shaft 49. This increases the tilt angle of the rectangular plate 28, allowing for better drainage of the cerebrospinal fluid. Simultaneously, the rotation of the rectangular plate 28 drives the rotating shaft 49 to rotate, which in turn drives the turntable 25 to rotate. The rotating turntable 25 slides inside the sleeve 43 via the cylindrical block 39, driving the sleeve 43 to push the first connecting rod 26 to slide within the limiting block 48. The first connecting rod 26 then... The inclined surface of the movable trapezoidal block 27 contacts the end of the spherical rod 20, thereby driving the spherical rod 20 to push the rectangular block 38 to squeeze the drainage tube 12. During the rotation of the rectangular plate 28, since one end of the drainage tube 12 fixed on the rectangular plate 28 is in a relatively taut state, a section of the drainage tube 12 placed between the fixed wheels 13 will gradually collapse under the rotation of the rectangular plate 28, resulting in a phenomenon of no flow. To address this problem, during implementation, the rectangular block 38 squeezes the collapsed side of the drainage tube 12, thereby ensuring that there is a relative squeezing force on the side of the drainage tube 12 during the collapse process, so that it can maintain a flow state.

[0055] By adjusting the tilt angle of the rectangular plate 28 and the degree of compression of the drainage tube 12, the drainage speed can be accelerated; when the fluid accumulation is small, the tilt angle and the degree of compression can be reduced to maintain a stable drainage flow rate. This intelligent flow rate adjustment mechanism not only improves treatment efficiency but also reduces patient pain and discomfort, thereby enhancing the overall practicality of the device.

[0056] During the rotation of the rectangular plate 28, although a section of the drainage tube 12 will gradually deflate due to tension, the squeezing action of the rectangular block 38 can ensure that this section of the tube remains in a flowing state. In this way, even if a part of the drainage tube 12 deflates due to external pressure, it can remain unobstructed through internal squeezing force, thereby avoiding drainage failure.

[0057] While the sleeve 43 pushes the first connecting rod 26, one of the sleeves 43 drives the second connecting rod 40 to move upward, thereby driving the piston rod 41 to move inside the air guide block 42. This causes the gas inside the air guide chamber 34 to enter the air delivery chamber 35 through the through groove, then enter the air guide groove 30 from the air delivery chamber 35, and finally be drawn into the connecting hose 17 from the air guide groove 30 before entering the air guide block 42. At this time, a negative pressure is generated inside the air guide chamber 34, causing the soft diaphragm sleeve 33 to expand inside the air guide chamber 34, which in turn drives the auxiliary circular plate 31. The insertion tube 11 is expanded to increase its diameter, thereby accelerating the flow rate of the patient's effusion and draining the effusion from the patient's brain more quickly. After the effusion is drained, the above components are returned to their original positions. However, at the same time as stopping the drainage, the drained effusion may flow back. At this time, the backflowing effusion will be blocked by the anti-backflow groove 36, and then enter the guide groove 37 through the groove hole and then be discharged through the insertion tube 11. The end of the insertion tube 11 away from the auxiliary circular plate 31 is connected to the drainage tube 12 to prevent the effusion from flowing back.

[0058] The pushing component moves within the air guide block 42 via the piston rod 41, thereby regulating the air pressure inside the air guide chamber 34. When the piston rod 41 moves upward, a negative pressure is generated inside the air guide chamber 34, causing the soft membrane sleeve 33 to expand, thereby increasing the diameter of the insertion tube 11. This adaptive diameter adjustment mechanism can be flexibly adjusted according to the patient's fluid volume and flow rate requirements, ensuring a smoother and more efficient drainage process.

[0059] The entire drainage device is designed with patient comfort and safety in mind. The secure fixation provided by the splint 2 and the head fixation plate 6, along with the intelligent flow rate adjustment and backflow prevention protection of the drainage tube 12, reduces patient discomfort and potential risks during the drainage process. Furthermore, medical staff can flexibly adjust various parameters of the device according to the patient's actual condition, further improving treatment effectiveness and patient satisfaction.

[0060] The drainage device provided by this invention not only has intelligent flow rate regulation and diameter adaptive adjustment functions, but also achieves flexible adjustment of the position and tilt angle of the drainage tube 12 through the design of the support unit and rotating components. This comprehensive adjustment capability allows the device to adapt to different patients' head shapes and drainage needs, improving the flexibility and applicability of treatment.

[0061] The soft membrane sheath 33 incorporates an anti-backflow groove 36 and a drainage groove 37. This mechanism plays a crucial role when drainage is stopped. If the drainage system suddenly stops operating after the fluid has been drained, the drained fluid may flow back due to gravity or other factors. In this case, the anti-backflow groove 36 blocks this backflow, preventing it from re-entering the patient's cranium. Preventing backflow is essential for patient safety and recovery, as the backflowing fluid may carry bacteria or other contaminants, increasing the risk of infection. Furthermore, backflow may cause unnecessary pressure on the patient's intracranial cavity, affecting surgical outcomes and patient recovery. Therefore, the anti-backflow mechanism of this device plays a vital role in protecting the patient.

[0062] The workflow of the technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0063] After medical staff insert the insertion tube 11 into the cranium of the craniotomy patient, they clamp the splints 2 on both sides of the patient's head. Then, the medical staff actuates the lever 8, causing the second worm gear 46 to rotate, which in turn drives the two second worm wheels 47 to rotate, thereby driving the third spur gear 45 to rotate. One of the third spur gears 45 then drives the first spur gear 32 to rotate, which in turn drives the two splints 2 to move towards each other, clamping the splints 2 onto the patient's head. Simultaneously, the two head-mounted fixing plates 6 clamp the top of the patient's head inwards, ensuring a better fixation of the splints 2. The insertion tube 11 is then fixed to one side of one of the head-mounted fixing plates 6 with bolts, further securing the head-mounted fixing plate 6 to the patient's head and preventing the insertion tube 11 from shifting. The bolt-fixing of the insertion tube 11 works similarly to the clamping seat 29; this is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0064] The combined use of the splint 2 and the head fixation plate 6 can firmly fix the insertion tube 11 to the patient's head, preventing the insertion tube 11 from shaking and causing drainage failure.

[0065] After the insertion tube 11 is fixed, when the patient needs drainage, the medical staff moves the slider 5 on the slide rail 4. When the support rod 10 is aligned with the insertion tube 11, the first bolt 14 is first tightened and inserted into the threaded groove 196 at the appropriate position and fitted to fix the slider 5. Then, the support rod 10 is moved and the fixed wheel 13 at the top of the support rod 10 is adjusted to be below the insertion tube 11 and then stopped. The medical staff then install the drainage tube 12 at the end of the insertion tube 11 and place it on the rectangular plate 28 between the fixed wheels 13 and through the clamping seats 29. The clamping seats 29 are tightened with bolts to clamp the drainage tube 12, so that one end of the drainage tube 12 is fixed to the top of the rectangular plate 28.

[0066] The combined use of the splint 2 and the head fixation plate 6 ensures the stability of the insertion tube 11 within the craniotomy patient's skull. This stability is crucial for subsequent drainage procedures, as it prevents drainage failure or patient discomfort due to tube movement. Medical staff can flexibly adapt to different patients' head shapes and drainage needs by moving the slider 5 on the slide 4 and adjusting the positions of the support rod 10 and the fixing wheel 13.

[0067] When the patient has a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid, medical staff normally connect the drainage tube 12 to drain the fluid. However, when the patient has excessive cerebrospinal fluid, the first worm gear 24 is activated, driving the first worm wheel 23 to rotate the rectangular plate 28 inside the fixed wheel 13. This increases the tilt angle of the rectangular plate 28, allowing for better drainage of the cerebrospinal fluid. Simultaneously, the rotation of the rectangular plate 28 drives the rotation of the second worm wheels 47 on both sides. The second worm wheels 47 then drive the turntable 25 to rotate. The turntable 25 rotates and slides inside the sleeve 43 via the cylindrical block 39, driving the sleeve 43 to push the first connecting rod 26 to slide within the limiting block 48. The first connecting rod 26 then drives... The inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 27 contacts the end of the spherical rod 20, thereby driving the spherical rod 20 to push the rectangular block 38 to squeeze the drainage tube 12. During the rotation of the rectangular plate 28, since one end of the drainage tube 12 fixed on the rectangular plate 28 is in a relatively taut state, a section of the drainage tube 12 placed between the fixed wheels 13 will gradually collapse under the rotation of the rectangular plate 28, resulting in a lack of flow. To address this problem, during implementation, the rectangular block 38 squeezes the collapsed side of the drainage tube 12, thereby creating a relative squeezing force on the side of the drainage tube 12 during the collapse process, allowing it to maintain a flow state.

[0068] During the rotation of the rectangular plate 28, although a section of the drainage tube 12 will gradually deflate due to tension, the squeezing action of the rectangular block 38 can ensure that this section of the tube remains in a flowing state. In this way, even if a part of the drainage tube 12 deflates due to external pressure, it can remain unobstructed through internal squeezing force, thereby avoiding drainage failure.

[0069] While the sleeve 43 pushes the first connecting rod 26, one of the sleeves 43 drives the second connecting rod 40 to move upward, thereby driving the piston rod 41 to move inside the air guide block 42. The gas inside the air guide chamber 34 enters the gas delivery chamber 35 through the through groove, enters the air guide groove 30 from the gas delivery chamber 35, and is drawn into the connecting hose 17 from the air guide groove 30 and then into the air guide block 42. At this time, a negative pressure is generated inside the air guide chamber 34, which causes the soft membrane sleeve 33 to expand inside the air guide chamber 34, making the diameter of the insertion tube 11 larger, accelerating the flow rate of the patient's effusion, and draining the effusion from the patient's brain more quickly. After the effusion is drained, the above components are returned to their original positions. However, when the drainage stops, the drained effusion may flow back. At this time, the backflowing effusion will be blocked by the anti-backflow groove 36 and then enter the guide groove 37 from the groove hole to prevent the effusion from flowing back. Preferably, an auxiliary circular plate 31 is disposed at the end of the insertion tube 11, and the guide groove 37 of the auxiliary circular plate 31 disposed at the end of the insertion tube 11 only connects the slot hole and the inside of the insertion tube 11, and does not communicate with the outside or the intracranial cavity.

[0070] The soft membrane sheath 33 incorporates an anti-backflow groove 36 and a drainage groove 37, a mechanism that plays a crucial role when drainage is stopped. If the drainage system suddenly stops operating after the fluid has been drained, the drained fluid may flow back due to gravity or other factors. In this case, the anti-backflow groove 36 blocks this backflow, preventing it from re-entering the patient's cranium. Preventing backflow is essential for patient safety and recovery, as the backflowing fluid may carry bacteria or other contaminants, increasing the risk of infection. Furthermore, backflow can cause unnecessary pressure on the patient's intracranial cavity, affecting surgical outcomes and patient recovery. Therefore, the anti-backflow mechanism of this device plays a vital role in protecting the patient.

[0071] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A neurosurgical posterior cranial dilation drainage device with adjustable drainage flow rate, characterized in that, include: A fixing plate is provided with clamps on both sides of the fixing plate. Multiple airbags are installed on the inner side of the clamps. A head fixing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the clamps. Two head fixing plates are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft. An insertion tube is fixedly connected to one side of one head fixing plate by a bolt assembly. A drainage hose is connected to the end of the insertion tube. A clamping mechanism, located inside the splint, is used to fix the splint to the head of the craniotomy patient; A support unit, located on the outside of the clamp, is used to fix and support the drainage tube. A rotating assembly, located on the outside of the clamp, is used to adjust the tilt angle of the drainage hose; An adjustment mechanism, located inside the insertion tube, is used to adjust the diameter of the insertion tube; The rotating assembly includes fixed blocks fixedly connected to both ends of a fixed wheel. A fixed seat is fixedly connected to one side of each fixed block. A rectangular plate is installed inside the fixed wheel. A clamping seat is fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular plate. The top of the clamping seat is fixed to the drainage tube by bolts. Rotating shafts are provided on both sides of a section of the rectangular plate inside the fixed wheel. One end of each rotating shaft extends through to the outside of the fixed seat and is rotatably connected to the fixed seat. A first worm gear is provided on the outer wall of one of the rotating shafts. A first worm is rotatably connected to one side of each fixed block and meshes with the first worm gear. A squeezing component for squeezing the drainage tube is provided inside the fixed wheel. The extrusion component includes a turntable fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft. A cylindrical block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the turntable. A sleeve plate is fitted onto the outer wall of the cylindrical block. A first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve plate. Limiting blocks are fixedly connected to both ends of the fixed wheel. The first connecting rod extends through to the outside of the limiting block and is slidably connected to the limiting block. A trapezoidal block is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting rod. The extrusion component further includes a spherical rod slidably connected to the end wall of the fixed wheel. One end of the spherical rod extends into the interior of the fixed wheel and is fitted with a rectangular block, while the other end extends into the exterior of the fixed wheel and abuts against the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block. A fixed circular plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spherical rod. The fixed circular plate is located outside the fixed wheel, and a spring is installed between the fixed circular plate and the end wall of the fixed wheel. A pushing component is provided at the bottom of one of the sleeve plates. The pushing assembly includes a second connecting rod fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the sleeve plates. A piston rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the second connecting rod. An air guide block is fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the fixed wheel. The piston rod is slidably connected inside the air guide block. A connecting hose is connected to the bottom of the air guide block.

2. The neurosurgical posterior cranial dilation and adjustable drainage flow rate drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a rotating shaft disposed at one end of the clamping plate. The fixed plate is rotatably connected to the clamping plate via the rotating shaft. A second worm is rotatably connected inside the fixed plate. One end of the second worm extends through the outside of the fixed plate and is fixedly connected to a lever. A circular seat is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate, and the end of the second worm with the lever passes through the inside of the circular seat. Two second worm wheels that mesh with the second worm are rotatably connected inside the fixed plate. The two second worm wheels are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the second worm.

3. The neurosurgical posterior cranial dilation and adjustable drainage flow rate drainage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism further includes a third spur gear fixedly connected to the top of the second worm gear via a connecting rod. One side of the third spur gear is meshed with a first spur gear, and the first spur gear is rotatably connected inside the fixed plate. A second spur gear is disposed inside the rotating shaft, and the second spur gear is meshed with one of the third spur gears and the first spur gear.

4. The neurosurgical posterior cranial dilation and adjustable drainage flow rate drainage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support unit includes a slide rail disposed on the outer wall of the clamping plate. A slider is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rail. A first bolt is threadedly connected to the top of the slider. The slide rail has multiple threaded grooves that match the first bolt. A through hole is provided in the slider. A support rod is slidably connected in the through hole. A second bolt is threadedly connected to one side of the slider. One end of the second bolt passes through the through hole and abuts against the outer wall of the support rod. A fixed wheel is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod.

5. The neurosurgical posterior cranial dilation and adjustable drainage flow rate drainage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes two auxiliary circular plates installed inside the insertion tube. The two auxiliary circular plates are arranged in parallel and a soft membrane sleeve is provided between them. An air guide chamber is provided between the two auxiliary circular plates. An air delivery chamber is formed inside the inner wall of the insertion tube. Multiple through grooves are formed inside the inner wall of the insertion tube. The air delivery chamber is connected to the air guide chamber through the through grooves. An air guide groove is formed inside the inner wall of the insertion tube. The air guide groove extends along the length of the insertion tube. One end of the air guide groove is connected to the air guide block through a connecting hose, and the other end of the air guide groove is connected to the air guide chamber through the air delivery chamber.

6. The neurosurgical posterior cranial dilation and adjustable drainage flow rate drainage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism also includes multiple anti-backflow grooves disposed on the inner wall of the soft membrane sleeve. The multiple anti-backflow grooves are arranged in a parallel array. Each anti-backflow groove has a slot. The auxiliary circular plate has a guide groove that communicates with the inside of the insertion tube. The guide groove is connected to the anti-backflow groove through the slot.

Images