Monitoring method for identifying abrasion of bushing of indication rod piece of turnout switch rail

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring method for identifying abrasion of a bushing of a turnout switch rail indication rod piece, which can reflect the abrasion of the bushing by monitoring the change of a vibration parameter, and when the vibration parameter of a monitoring sensor can reach a threshold value, the abrasion loss of the bushing reaches a safety limit; according to the method, the lining abrasion state is recognized by monitoring the effective acceleration value and the margin factor of the expression rod piece and the closely-attached switch rail and comparing the effective acceleration value and the margin factor with the threshold value, after the sensor is installed, the vibration acceleration collection process can be continuously conducted, and train operation is not affected. When the vibration parameter reaches a threshold value, the lining is replaced in time, further impact of a train on the interior of the switch machine can be effectively avoided, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway turnout switching equipment maintenance technology, and in particular to a monitoring method for identifying wear of bushings at the connection points of turnout switch rails by monitoring vibration parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Turnout switching equipment is one of the important railway operation equipment. It is a key facility to ensure traffic safety and improve transportation efficiency. The switch machine and external locking and installation device are the actuators of the turnout switching equipment. They are used to switch and lock the turnout and indicate and monitor the position and status of the turnout switch rail or frog rail.

[0003] Monitoring the wear of bushings at the connection points of the rods is crucial for the maintenance of switching equipment. When the bushing wear exceeds a certain limit, the increased bushing clearance leads to increased vibration and impact intensity of the rods when a train passes through the turnout, accelerating the fatigue failure of the switching equipment.

[0004] At the turnout switch rails, the identification of bushing wear at the connection points of components such as the switch machine detection rod and the installation device indicator rod is currently mainly carried out by manually observing the components after disassembling them. Moreover, the disassembly work needs to be carried out during maintenance windows when trains are not passing by. The frequent disassembly and assembly of equipment not only increases the workload of maintenance personnel, but also reduces maintenance efficiency.

[0005] For identifying bushing wear at the connection points of components such as the switch machine detection rod and the installation device indicator rod at the switch rail, the current method mainly involves maintenance personnel disassembling the components during routine inspections and manually measuring the bushing diameter at the connection points. Since the bushing is annular, the wear on its inner surface is not uniform. Different measurement locations can affect the measurement results, leading to measurement errors. Furthermore, manually disassembling the equipment to measure bushing wear reduces equipment maintenance efficiency.

[0006] Chinese invention patent application CN 118293851 A discloses a method for monitoring bushing wear. This method involves inserting a monitoring sensor head through an external steering knuckle into a preset position on the bushing. When the bushing reaches a preset wear level, the sensor detects this and triggers an alarm. However, this method requires openings in the external device (steering knuckle) of the bushing, which can affect the strength of the external device, especially under train vibration and impact. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention proposes a monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of the switch point rail indicator rod. By collecting vibration acceleration data of the rod, calculating the effective value and margin factor, and comparing it with a preset threshold, the wear state is determined. This method does not require disassembling the equipment and improves maintenance efficiency.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of a turnout switch rail indicator member, characterized by: including a monitoring device and a step of identifying wear using a detection device. S1: Replace the bushing at the connection of the indicator rod at the switch rail with a bushing that has reached the wear safety limit, and collect the vertical time-domain vibration acceleration curves of the indicator rod and the close-fitting switch rail after the bushing replacement when a vehicle passes by. S2: Perform data analysis on the vibration acceleration curve, calculate the effective value of acceleration and the margin factor, and use them as vibration parameter thresholds.

[0009] S3: Replace the bushing with the wear safety limit with a normal bushing, and monitor the effective value of the acceleration and the margin factor of the indicator rod and the close-fitting switch rail; S4: Compare the effective value of acceleration, the margin factor and the threshold to identify the bushing wear condition.

[0010] Step S1 involves acquiring the vibration acceleration curve using steps S11 and S12. S11: Replace the bushings between the detection rod and the indicator rod with bushings that have reached their wear safety limit, and install acceleration sensors at the detection rod and the contact rail; the safety limit radius after bushing wear is: In the formula, The initial radius of the normal bushing. This refers to the safe limit radius after bushing wear; all radii refer to the inner diameter of the bushing. This represents the maximum permissible wear of the bushing, indicating the maximum permissible wear of the bushing of the rod. It is 0.25mm; S12: Collect the vertical time-domain vibration acceleration curve within one operating cycle.

[0011] Step S2 involves calculating the vibration parameter threshold using steps S21 and S22. S21: For all vertical time-domain vibration accelerations of the detection rod and the closely attached switch rail in step S12, calculate their effective acceleration values ​​and margin factors respectively; the calculation formula is: In the formula, This is the effective value of acceleration. The time domain value of the signal. The signal length; In the formula, For acceleration margin factor, The time domain value of the signal. This is the signal length.

[0012] S22: Select the maximum values ​​of the effective acceleration value and the margin factor as the threshold values ​​of the effective acceleration value and the margin factor, respectively.

[0013] Step S4 involves identifying the wear condition of the bushing using steps S41, S42, and S43. S41: Compare the effective values ​​of the acceleration of the detection rod and the close contact switch rail during the same turnout passage, as well as the magnitudes of the margin factor and the threshold. S42: When the detection rod margin factor is less than the threshold, it is considered that the bushing wear between the rods is within the safe limit. S43: When the margin factor of the detection rod is greater than the threshold, if the effective value of the acceleration of the close-fitting switch rail and the margin factor are both greater than the threshold, it indicates that the excitation is large, and vibration signal acquisition should continue to be performed for verification; if the effective value of the acceleration of the close-fitting switch rail and the margin factor are less than the threshold, it indicates that the wear of the rod bushing exceeds the safety limit, and further verification is required to confirm that the effective value of the acceleration of the detection rod has also increased.

[0014] The advantages of this invention are: This invention relates to a monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of a turnout switch rail indicator member. This method can detect the wear of the bushing by monitoring changes in vibration parameters. When the vibration parameters of the monitoring sensor reach a threshold, it indicates that the wear of the bushing has reached the safe limit.

[0015] This invention identifies bushing wear by monitoring the effective value and margin factor of the acceleration of the indicator rod and the closely attached switch rail, and comparing them with a threshold. After the sensor is installed, the vibration acceleration acquisition process can be carried out continuously without affecting train operation.

[0016] This invention monitors vibration parameters and replaces the bushing in a timely manner when the vibration parameters reach a threshold, which can effectively prevent further impact from the train on the inside of the switch machine and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0017] This invention provides a monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of the switch point rail indicator rod. With this method, maintenance or replacement is carried out only when the vibration acceleration reaches a threshold. Compared with the current method of manual inspection during track maintenance windows, which involves disassembling the equipment for observation, this invention does not require frequent disassembly of the equipment to check for wear, thus improving equipment maintenance efficiency and avoiding errors caused by subjective manual measurement.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the turnout switch rail indicator rod according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection rod according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This refers to the metal bushing between the rods in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method for identifying wear of the bushing of the turnout switch rail indicator rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Switch machine; 2. Detector rod; 3. Indicator rod; 4. Switch rail; 5. Point iron; 6. Connector; 7. Support plate; 8. Accelerometer; 9. Sensor cable; 10. Data acquisition instrument; 11. Network cable; 12. Computer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structural features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention relates to a monitoring method for identifying wear of bushings on turnout switch rail indicator rods, comprising: a switch machine 1, a detection rod 2, an indicator rod 3, a switch rail 4, a tip iron 5, a connector 6, a support plate 7, an acceleration sensor 8, a sensor cable 9, a data acquisition instrument 10, a network cable 11, and a computer 12. The switch machine 1 is mounted on the support plate 7. The detection rod 2 and the indicator rod 3 are connected by bolts and pins. Metal bushings are installed at the connection holes of both the detection rod 2 and the indicator rod 3. The indicator rod 3 and the connector 6 are connected by a bushing, and the switch rail 4 and the tip iron 5 are connected by bolts. The sensor 8 is installed at the bottom of the connector iron of the indicator rod 3, 45 mm from the center of the bolt hole.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the accelerometer 8 and the data acquisition unit 10 are connected by wired or wireless means, and the data acquisition unit 10 is connected to the computer 12 by wired or wireless means.

[0024] The vibration test data are shown in Table 1.

[0025] Table 1 Experimental Data

[0026] System calibration method: When the switching equipment is newly installed on the turnout, vibration test can be performed on the turnout switching equipment to collect vibration parameters. Since the new equipment is in good operating condition, its vibration parameter indicators are reliable. Test environment temperature: -40 ℃ ~ +70 ℃. The lines include conventional railways, high-speed railways and subway lines.

[0027] To eliminate interference caused by large changes in vehicle excitation, an acceleration sensor 8 is installed at the bottom of the switch rail to monitor changes in vehicle excitation by collecting the vibration acceleration of the switch rail.

[0028] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this invention relates to a monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of a turnout switch rail indicator member, comprising the following steps: S1: Replace the bushing at the connection of the indicator rod at the switch rail with a bushing that has reached the wear safety limit, and collect the vertical time-domain vibration acceleration curves of the indicator rod and the close-fitting switch rail after the bushing replacement when a vehicle passes by. In this step, the vibration acceleration curve is acquired using steps S11 and S12; S11: Replace the bushings between detection rod 2 and indicator rod 3 with bushings that have reached their wear safety limit, and install acceleration sensor 8 at the point where detection rod 2 is in close contact with the switch rail; the safety limit radius after bushing wear is: In the formula, The initial radius of the normal bushing. This refers to the safe limit radius after bushing wear; all radii refer to the inner diameter of the bushing. The maximum permissible wear of the bushing is defined according to the "Technical Standards for High-Speed ​​Railway Signal Maintenance Rules" (China Railway Transportation

[2015] No. 332) and the "Technical Standards for Conventional Railway Signal Maintenance Rules" (China Railway Transportation

[2015] No. 238), indicating the maximum permissible wear of the bushings of the three rods. It is 0.25mm.

[0029] S12: Collect the vertical time-domain vibration acceleration curve within one operating cycle; S2: Perform data analysis on the vibration acceleration curve, calculate the effective value of acceleration and the margin factor, and use them as vibration parameter thresholds.

[0030] In this step, the vibration parameter threshold is calculated using steps S21 and S22; S21: For all vertical time-domain vibration accelerations of the detection rod 2 and the closely attached switch rail in step S12, calculate their effective acceleration values ​​and margin factors respectively. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0031] In the formula, This is the effective value of acceleration. Here, is the time-domain value of the signal, and is the signal length. In the formula, For acceleration margin factor, The time domain value of the signal. This is the signal length.

[0032] S22: Select the maximum values ​​of the effective acceleration value and the margin factor as the threshold values ​​of the effective acceleration value and the margin factor, respectively.

[0033] S3: Replace the bushing with the one that has reached the wear safety limit with a normal bushing, and monitor the effective value of the acceleration and the margin factor of the indicator rod and the close-fitting switch rail.

[0034] S4: Compare the effective value of acceleration, the margin factor and the threshold to identify the bushing wear condition.

[0035] In this step, steps S41, S42, and S43 are used to identify the wear condition of the bushing; S41: Compare the effective value of the acceleration of the detection rod 2 and the close-fitting switch rail, the margin factor and the threshold value when the same turnout passes through; S42: When the detection rod margin factor is less than the threshold, it is considered that the bushing wear between the rods is within the safe limit. S43: When the margin factor of the detection rod is greater than the threshold, if the effective value of the acceleration of the close-fitting switch rail and the margin factor are greater than the threshold, it indicates that the excitation is large, and vibration signal acquisition continues to verify; if the effective value of the acceleration of the close-fitting switch rail and the margin factor are less than the threshold, it indicates that the wear of the rod bushing exceeds the safety limit, and further verification is needed to confirm that the effective value of the acceleration of detection rod 2 has also increased.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes, substitutions or improvements made to the structure and features described in the scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of a turnout switch rail indicator member, characterized in that: This includes the monitoring device and the steps of using the detection device to identify wear: S1: Replace the bushing at the connection of the indicator rod at the switch rail with a bushing that has reached the wear safety limit, and collect the vertical time-domain vibration acceleration curves of the indicator rod and the close-fitting switch rail after the bushing replacement when a vehicle passes by. S2: Perform data analysis on the vibration acceleration curve to calculate the effective value of acceleration and the margin factor, which are used as threshold values ​​for vibration parameters; S3: Replace the bushing with the wear safety limit with a normal bushing, and monitor the effective value of the acceleration and the margin factor of the indicator rod and the close-fitting switch rail; S4: Compare the effective value of acceleration, the margin factor and the threshold to identify the bushing wear condition.

2. The monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of the switch point rail indicator member according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 involves acquiring the vibration acceleration curve using steps S11 and S12. S11: Replace the bushings between the detection rod and the indicator rod with bushings that have reached their wear safety limit, and install acceleration sensors at the detection rod and the contact rail; the safety limit radius after bushing wear is: In the formula, The initial radius of the normal bushing. This refers to the safe limit radius after bushing wear; all radii refer to the inner diameter of the bushing. This represents the maximum permissible wear of the bushing, indicating the maximum permissible wear of the bushing of the rod. It is 0.25mm; S12: Collect the vertical time-domain vibration acceleration curve within one operating cycle.

3. The monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of the turnout switch rail indicator member according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 involves calculating the vibration parameter threshold using steps S21 and S22. S21: For all vertical time-domain vibration accelerations of the detection rod and the closely attached switch rail in step S12, calculate their effective acceleration values ​​and margin factors respectively; the calculation formula is: In the formula, This is the effective value of acceleration. The time domain value of the signal. The signal length; In the formula, For acceleration margin factor, The time domain value of the signal. The signal length; S22: Select the maximum values ​​of the effective acceleration value and the margin factor as the threshold values ​​of the effective acceleration value and the margin factor, respectively.

4. The monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of the switch point rail indicator member according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 involves identifying the wear condition of the bushing using steps S41, S42, and S43. S41: Compare the effective values ​​of the acceleration of the detection rod and the close contact switch rail during the same turnout passage, as well as the magnitudes of the margin factor and the threshold. S42: When the detection rod margin factor is less than the threshold, it is considered that the bushing wear between the rods is within the safe limit. S43: When the margin factor of the detection rod is greater than the threshold, if the effective value of the acceleration of the close-fitting switch rail and the margin factor are both greater than the threshold, it indicates that the excitation is large, and vibration signal acquisition should continue to be performed for verification; if the effective value of the acceleration of the close-fitting switch rail and the margin factor are less than the threshold, it indicates that the wear of the rod bushing exceeds the safety limit, and further verification is required to confirm that the effective value of the acceleration of the detection rod has also increased.

5. The monitoring method for identifying wear of the bushing of the turnout switch rail indicator member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device includes: a switch machine (1), a detection rod (2), an indicator rod (3), a switch rail (4), a tip iron (5), a connector (6), a support plate (7), an acceleration sensor (8), a sensor cable (9), a data acquisition instrument (10), a network cable (11), and a computer (12); the switch machine (1) is mounted on the support plate (7), the detection rod (2) and the indicator rod (3) are connected by bolts and pins, and each of the connection holes of the detection rod (2) and the indicator rod (3) is equipped with its own metal bushing, the indicator rod (3) and the connector (6) are connected by a bushing, and the switch rail (4) and the tip iron (5) are connected by... The connection is made by bolts. The sensor (8) is installed at the bottom of the joint iron of the indicator rod (3), 45 mm away from the center of the bolt hole. An acceleration sensor is installed at the bottom of the switch rail. The change of vehicle excitation is monitored by collecting the vibration acceleration of the switch rail. The acceleration sensor (8) and the data acquisition instrument (10) are connected by wire or wireless means. The data acquisition instrument (10) and the computer (12) are connected by wire or wireless means. The data acquisition instrument (10) receives the information from the acceleration sensor (8) through the sensor line (9) and monitors the wear status of the bushing of the switch rail indicator rod according to the method of claim 1.

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