External yielding anchor rod and mounting method

Abstract

The invention discloses an external yielding anchor rod and an installation method. An anchor rod body penetrates through a base and a sleeve connected with the base, a limiting plate, a spring body and a sliding ring sequentially penetrate through the anchor rod body to enter the sleeve, a hexagon nut is bolted to the rear end of the anchor rod body, a transmission displayer is bolted to the sleeve, and a signal line penetrates through the sleeve to be connected with the limiting plate and the transmission displayer. The method has the advantages of simple stress, visual stress, information early warning, high operation applicability, safety and reliability, and is suitable for weak and large-deformation surrounding rock reinforcement engineering.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of rock engineering surrounding rock support, and particularly relates to an external yielding anchor rod and a mounting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The anchor rod provides effective reinforcement and stability in the reinforcement of various types of reinforced engineering rock mass, improves the bearing capacity of the rock mass, and greatly improves the safety of various types of engineering construction. However, with the increase of application scenarios and the diversification and complexity of geological conditions, rigid anchor rods cannot effectively adapt to the large deformation requirements of soft surrounding rock, and are prone to brittle fracture stress failure, thereby leading to safety accidents. To effectively adapt to the special requirements of large deformation surrounding rock, the existing technology proposes a yielding technology means to increase the deformation of the anchor rod to adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock, avoid anchor rod failure, and continuously provide effective and stable anchoring stress. This can increase the anchor rod's response to complex and diverse large deformation surrounding rock construction, achieving the purpose of effective and safe construction.

[0003] In the existing yielding anchor rod technology, the yielding part is basically arranged in the surrounding rock, and a yielding sleeve needs to be placed in the second opening after normal drilling. The above-mentioned scheme not only has the problems of large opening, difficult installation, and large workload, but also the existing technology cannot measure the yielding pressure in real time, cannot dynamically measure the anchoring force, and thus cannot effectively evaluate the anchoring safety. The stress of the existing technology yielding part is basically the deformation of the sleeve and the stress of the top cutoff resistance, which requires high strength, high deformation resistance, and high damage resistance of the sleeve, high cost, and unscientific stress.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects, a new structure needs to be invented to solve this problem. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an external yielding anchor rod and a mounting method, which has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, and easy operation, and improves the safety of the surrounding rock and the versatility of the anchor rod.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: An external yielding anchor rod, comprising a hexagonal nut (1), characterized in that: an anchor rod body (9) passes through a base (6) and a sleeve (3) connected with the base (6), a limiting plate (5), a spring body (4), and a sliding ring (2) pass through the anchor rod body (9) in sequence and enter the sleeve (3), the hexagonal nut (1) is bolted at the rear end of the anchor rod body (9), a transmission display (7) is bolted on the sleeve (3), and a signal line (8) passes through the sleeve (3) and is connected with the limiting plate (5) and the transmission display (7).

[0007] The base (6) is a hollow circular truncated cone casting, the inner diameter of the limiting ring at the top is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve (3), the outer diameter of the limiting plate (5), the spring body (4) and the sliding block (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve (3) and larger than the outer diameter of the rod body (9).

[0008] The hexagonal nut (1) is bolted on the rod body (9) and pushes the sliding ring (2), the spring body (4) and the limiting plate (5) to the top surface of the base (6) under stress to form a counterforce.

[0009] The upper surface of the base plate (6) is integrally formed with a limiting ring.

[0010] The limiting plate (5) is a circular ring, and a stress sensor is arranged inside.

[0011] The sleeve (3) is a circular pipe, and an integrally formed circular ring reinforcing rib is arranged at the upper end.

[0012] The transmission display (7) is battery powered and can display the stress value and simultaneously wirelessly transmit signals to a mobile phone or a platform.

[0013] A method for installing an external yielding anchor rod, characterized in that the steps include: Step one, construction preparation; Prepare construction tools, materials and the like, perform anchor rod hole position construction measurement and layout and marking; Step two, drilling; Position the anchor rod drill, determine the anchor rod angle, drill the hole with the anchor rod drill, and after the length reaches, perform hole cleaning and verify that the hole meets the standard; Step three, install the anchor rod; Push the anchor rod to the bottom of the hole with the anchor rod machine, rotate the anchor rod to push the shell head out to ensure that the top of the anchor head is tightly attached to the bottom of the hole, and rotate the anchor rod body to the left; Step four, install the yielding device; Insert the base into the anchor rod and fix it, insert the sleeve into the base slot, insert the limiting plate, the spring body and the sliding ring into the sleeve, and install the signal line and the transmission display; Step five, pre-stress; Tighten the hexagonal nut with a torque wrench to pre-stress, compare the force value with the transmission display after reaching, and stop pre-stressing when the deviation meets the requirements; Step six, grouting; After the pre-tightening force reaches, grout from the tail of the hollow rod body with a grouting machine, and stop grouting after the grout fills the entire anchor hole; Step seven, monitoring and analysis; Periodically measure the deformation of surrounding rock and compare with the compression amount of anchor rod body and monitoring stress, immediately make mobile phone and platform alarm for abnormal situation, check on site by artificial, and research and judge the stress deformation of surrounding rock, take corresponding measures.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) The external compression anchor rod of the present application provides controllable compression stroke for large deformation rock-soil mass to achieve stable stress support, improving the control of surrounding rock deformation, by the change of spring body length, anchor rod body, hexagon nut, sliding ring, sleeve, spring body, limit plate, base, transmission display, signal line.

[0015] (2) The external compression anchor rod of the present application provides compression for the external structure of surrounding rock, which is simple in structure and easy to install, without the need for artificial secondary reaming, only normal mechanical punching is needed, without affecting the use of various specifications and various anchoring types, at the same time, the external type can observe the stress condition at any time, greatly improving the construction efficiency and installation quality.

[0016] (3) The present application has clear stress and clear force transmission, anchor rod end and rod body are fixed, the sliding ring is locked by the nut, the spring body is deformed, the limit plate is pushed, the base is pushed on the surrounding rock to provide counterforce, the deformation stress and vertical constraint form anchoring, without extruding the sleeve, through simple stress, the material strength and size of the sleeve can be effectively reduced.

[0017] (4) The present application can effectively measure the compression amount and compression stress of the anchor rod body in real time by setting stress sensors and displacement sensors, which can realize real-time on-site display and alarm, and can be transmitted to the mobile phone end and platform end for display and alarm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rod compression sliding of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a process flow chart of the present application.

[0021] Among them, 1 is hexagon nut, 2 is sliding ring, 3 is sleeve, 4 is spring body, 5 is limit plate, 6 is base, 7 is transmission display, 8 is signal line, 9 is rod body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application will be further described in combination with the drawings.

[0023] For example, Figure 1The utility model discloses a kind of external yielding anchor rod and installation method, including hexagon nut 1, sliding ring 2, sleeve 3, spring body 4, limiting plate 5, base 6, transmission display 7, signal line 8, rod body 9, it is characterized by: the anchor rod rod body 9 passes through base 6, sleeve 3, limiting plate 5, spring body 4, sliding ring 2 sequentially pass through rod body into sleeve, hexagon nut is bolted in rod body rear end, transmission display 7 is bolted on sleeve 3, signal line 8 passes through sleeve 3 and is connected with limiting plate 5, transmission display 7.

[0024] The base 6 is hollow circular table shape casting, the limiting ring inner diameter of top is slightly larger than the outer diameter of sleeve 3, the outer diameter of limiting plate 5, spring body 4, sliding block 2 is less than the inner diameter of sleeve 3 and is greater than the outer diameter of rod body 9.

[0025] The hexagon nut 1 is bolted on rod body 9 and pushes sliding ring 2, spring body 4, limiting plate 5 under stress and forms counterforce on the upper surface of base 6.

[0026] The upper surface of the base plate 6 is integrally formed with a limiting table in the form of a circle.

[0027] The limiting plate 5 is in the form of a circular ring, and a stress sensor is arranged therein.

[0028] The sleeve 3 is in the form of a circular tube, and a circular ring reinforcing rib is integrally formed at the upper end thereof.

[0029] The transmission display 7 is battery-powered, can display stress value and can simultaneously wirelessly transmit signals to a mobile phone and a platform.

[0030] The utility model discloses a kind of external yielding anchor rod and installation method, it is characterized by, step includes: Step one, construction preparation.

[0031] Construction tools, materials and the like are prepared, anchor rod hole position construction surveying and setting out are carried out and are marked.

[0032] Step two, punching.

[0033] Anchor rod drill is positioned, anchor rod angle is determined, anchor rod drill is drilled, after length reaches, hole is cleaned and is verified to reach standard.

[0034] Step three, install anchor rod.

[0035] Push anchor rod to the bottom of hole by operating anchor rod machine, rotate anchor rod to ensure that anchor head top and hole bottom are closely attached, and left screw anchor rod body.

[0036] Step four, install yielding device.

[0037] Base is inserted into anchor rod and is fixed, sleeve is inserted and is entered into the groove of base, limiting plate, spring body, sliding ring are loaded into sleeve, signal line and transmission display are installed.

[0038] Step five, pre-stress.

[0039] The torque wrench is used to tighten the hexagonal nut to pre-stress, and the force value is compared with the transmission display after pre-stress, and the deviation meets the requirements, and the pre-stress is stopped.

[0040] Step six, grouting.

[0041] After the pre-tightening force is reached, the grouting machine is used to grout from the tail of the hollow rod body, and the grout body needs to fill the entire anchor hole before stopping grouting. Step seven, monitoring and analysis.

[0042] The deformation of the surrounding rock is measured regularly and compared with the compression amount of the anchor rod body and the monitored stress for comparative analysis, and for abnormal conditions, mobile phones and platforms are immediately alarmed, and artificial on-site inspection is carried out, and the stress deformation of the surrounding rock is judged, and corresponding measures are taken.

[0043] The working principle of the present application is: The external compression anchor rod of the present application comprises an anchor rod body, a hexagonal nut, a sliding ring, a sleeve, a spring body, a limiting plate, a base, a transmission display and a signal line, and the length change of the spring body provides a controllable compression stroke for the large deformation rock-soil body to achieve stable stress support, and the control of the surrounding rock deformation is improved. The nut locks the sliding ring, pushes the spring body deformation limiting plate, and the base is on the surrounding rock to provide a counterforce, the deformation stress and the vertical constraint form anchoring, do not extrude the sleeve, and through simple stress, the material strength and size of the sleeve can be effectively reduced. Through the setting of the stress sensor and the displacement sensor, the compression amount and the compression stress of the anchor rod body can be measured in real time and effectively, real-time on-site display and alarm can be realized, and real-time transmission to the mobile phone end and the platform end for display and alarm can be realized.

Claims

1. An external pressure-relief anchor bolt, comprising a hexagonal nut (1), characterized in that: The anchor rod (9) passes through the base (6) and the sleeve (3) connected to the base (6). The limiting plate (5), spring body (4), and sliding ring (2) pass through the anchor rod (9) and enter the sleeve (3) in sequence. The hexagonal nut (1) is bolted to the rear end of the anchor rod (9). The transmission display (7) is bolted to the sleeve (3). The signal line (8) passes through the sleeve (3) and connects to the limiting plate (5) and the transmission display (7).

2. An external pressure-relief anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (6) is a hollow frustum-shaped casting. The inner diameter of the limiting ring at the top is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve (3). The outer diameters of the limiting plate (5), spring body (4), and sliding block (2) are smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve (3) and larger than the outer diameter of the rod body (9).

3. An external pressure-relief anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hexagonal nut (1) is bolted to the rod (9). Under stress, it pushes the sliding ring (2), spring body (4), and limiting plate (5) against the upper surface of the base (6) to form a reaction force.

4. An external pressure-relief anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (6) has an integrally formed circular limiting platform on its upper surface.

5. An external pressure-relief anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting plate (5) is circular and has a stress sensor inside.

6. An external pressure-relief anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (3) is a round tube with an integrally formed circular reinforcing rib at the upper end.

7. An external pressure-relief anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission display (7) is battery powered and can display stress values ​​while wirelessly transmitting signals to mobile phones and platforms.

8. An external pressure-relief anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation steps include: Step 1: Construction Preparation; Prepare construction equipment and materials, and conduct construction surveying, setting out and marking of anchor bolt hole positions; Step 2: Drilling holes; The anchor drilling rig is positioned to determine the anchor angle. The anchor drilling rig drills the hole, and after the length is reached, the hole is cleaned and inspected to ensure it meets the standards. Step 3: Install anchor bolts; Operate the anchor bolting machine to push the anchor bolt to the bottom of the hole, rotate the anchor bolt to push out the expansion head to ensure that the top of the anchor head is in close contact with the bottom of the hole, and tighten the anchor bolt body in the counterclockwise direction; Step 4: Install the pressure relief device; Insert the base into the anchor rod and fix it, insert the sleeve and enter the base groove, install the limit plate, spring body and sliding ring into the sleeve, and install the signal line and transmission display. Step 5: Apply prestress; Tighten the hexagonal nut with a torque wrench to apply prestress. After the prestress is achieved, compare the force value with the force value displayed on the transmission monitor. If the deviation meets the requirements, stop the prestressing process. Step 6: Grouting; After the pre-tightening force is reached, grout is injected from the tail of the hollow rod using a grouting machine. Grouting should be stopped after the grout has filled the entire anchor hole. Step 7: Monitoring and Analysis; Regularly measure the deformation of the surrounding rock and compare it with the yield of the anchor bolt body and the monitored stress. In case of any abnormality, immediately issue an alarm via mobile phone and platform, conduct on-site inspection manually, and assess the stress and deformation of the surrounding rock and take corresponding measures.

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