Protective device for overpressure and vacuum damage
By designing a protective device consisting of inner and outer covers and using a gate-shaped baffle to adjust the ventilation holes, the problem of overpressure and vacuum damage in a closed environment is solved, thus achieving passive protection for organisms.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510911922.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing protective devices cannot effectively protect against overpressure and vacuum damage in open explosive environments, especially in enclosed environments where living organisms are susceptible to damage from sudden pressure changes.
A protective device consisting of an inner cover and an outer cover was designed. The inner and outer covers have ventilation holes in the center and are adjustable by a gate-shaped baffle. The opening and closing of the ventilation holes are automatically adjusted by a spring and bearing system when the pressure difference changes, thus blocking the influence of overpressure or vacuum on the interior.
It achieves passive protection against overpressure and vacuum in enclosed environments, preventing damage to organisms caused by instantaneous pressure changes, and is suitable for mobile or stationary sealed equipment and facilities.
Smart Images
Figure CN120969686A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a protective device against overpressure and vacuum damage, belonging to the field of safety protection equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Overpressure and vacuum, either factor alone, can cause injury to the human body. In special cases, such as dust explosions, the combustion and explosion first create high temperatures and overpressure, followed by the vacuum caused by air consumption. This two-phase effect results in fatal mass casualties. Previous research and protection against blast injuries, limited to open explosive environments, has led to the development of protective devices such as shock-absorbing shoes and hats that offer no protection against thermobaric blasts.
[0003] Therefore, the inventors realized that the entire combustion and explosion zone must be treated as a closed environment. Their research in closed environments showed that, whether in air or water, pressure sensors can instantly create an overpressure and vacuum environment that leaves no blind spots. In such an environment, overpressure rapidly crushes the organism like a plastic bottle, while vacuum causes it to rapidly expand and explode. Therefore, only by protecting the organism as a whole, or at least its hollow organs, within a rigid, pressure-resistant container can the damage caused by overpressure and vacuum be completely eliminated. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved by placing a living organism within a movable or fixed rigid, pressure-resistant, sealed protective body. This protective device is installed on the external ventilation opening of the protective body. The device consists of an inner cover and an outer cover that snap together. Each of the inner and outer covers has a ventilation hole at a corresponding position in the center, sealed by a U-shaped sealing ring. A door-shaped baffle is sandwiched between the inner and outer covers. The left door hinge of the upper part of the door-shaped baffle is inserted into a left bearing, and the right door hinge is inserted into a right bearing. The left and right bearings are fixed in the bearing grooves at the upper part of the inner and outer covers. The door-shaped baffle's lower end has a door-positioning notch that straddles a spring and a drive shaft. The spring and drive shaft are positioned in the positioning recesses of the inner and outer covers by round caps at both ends. A key is inserted into the keyhole on the inner or outer cover through a rotating hole on the round cap to rotate the spring. The spring adjusts the gate-shaped baffle to a centrally located position where the ventilation holes of the inner and outer covers are equidistant. The inner and outer covers form a trapezoidal seal on both sides and at the bottom, completely blocking the ventilation holes. The area of the gate-shaped baffle is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the inner and outer covers, but larger than the area of the ventilation holes. Under normal pressure, the gate-shaped baffle is vertically centered, allowing air to flow through the ventilation holes of the inner and outer covers and the gaps on both sides and at the bottom of the gate-shaped baffle. When overpressure or vacuum occurs instantaneously, the pressure difference between the inside and outside generates a thrust far exceeding the spring resistance. In the event of overpressure, the baffle pushes towards the inner cover, closing the inner cover ventilation hole; in the event of vacuum, it pushes towards the outer cover, similarly closing the outer cover ventilation hole. This effectively blocks the influence of external overpressure or vacuum on the internal air pressure of the protective body, achieving passive protection against overpressure and vacuum damage. Attached Figure
[0005] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0006] Figure 1 Left front perspective perspective view of the protection device against overpressure and vacuum damage Figure 2 A three-dimensional view of the inner surface of the main structure inner cover of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device. Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of the inner surface of the outer cover of the main structure of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device. Figure 4 A frontal perspective view of a portal-shaped baffle used as a protective device against overpressure and vacuum damage. Figure 5 A front perspective view of a portal baffle and bearing assembly as a protective device against overpressure and vacuum damage. Figure 6 Left front view of the gate-shaped baffle positioning mechanism for a protection device against overpressure and vacuum damage. Figure 7 A perspective view of a key for an accessory used in a device designed to protect against overpressure and vacuum damage. Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 3D view of the assembly steps for the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device. Figure 11 , Figure 12 Cross-sectional view of the working principle of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device Figure 1 Main Structure 1.1 Inner Cover 1.1.1 Upper Groove of Inner Cover 1.1.2 Bearing Groove of Inner Cover 1.1.3 Ventilation Hole of Inner Cover 1.1.4 Positioning Recess of Inner Cover 1.1.5 Key Hole of Inner Cover 1.1.6 Mounting Hole of Inner Cover 1.2 Outer Cover 1.2.1 Upper Groove of Outer Cover 1.2.2 Bearing Groove of Outer Cover 1.2.3 Ventilation Hole of Outer Cover 1.2.4 Positioning Recess of Outer Cover 1.2.5 Key Hole of Outer Cover 1.2.6 Mounting Hole of Outer Cover 2 Door-shaped Baffle 2.1 Door Body 2.2 Left Door Hinge 2.3 Right Door Hinge 2.4 Door Body Positioning Notch 3 Door-shaped Baffle Positioning Mechanism 3.1 Spring 3.2 Drive Shaft 3.3 Inner Round Cap 3.4 Outer Round Cap 3.5 Rotary Hole 4 Accessories 4.1 Inner Cover Sealing Ring 4.2 Outer Cover Sealing Ring 4.3 Left Bearing 4.4 Right Bearing 4.5 4.5.1 Key; 4.5.2 Round nail; 4.5.3 Hinge; 4.5.3 Handle Detailed Implementation
[0007] Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the protection device against overpressure and vacuum damage includes: main structure (1), gate-shaped baffle (2) and accessories (3).
[0008] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the main structure (1) of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device is formed by the snap-fitting of an inner cover (1.1) and an outer cover (1.2). The upper parts of the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2) have an upper groove (1.1.1) for the inner cover and an upper groove (1.2.1) for the outer cover, respectively. The two ends are the bearing groove (1.1.2) for the inner cover and the bearing groove (1.2.2) for the outer cover, respectively. The center of the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2.3) are the ventilation holes (1.1.3) for the inner cover and the ventilation holes (1.2.3) for the outer cover, respectively. The lower part is the inner cover vent. The inner cover positioning recess (1.1.4) and the outer cover positioning recess (1.2.4) have an inner cover keyhole (1.1.5) and an outer cover keyhole (1.2.5) respectively at the center of their bottoms. The inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2.4) have inner cover mounting holes (1.1.6) and outer cover mounting holes (1.2.6) respectively around their perimeters. After fastening, the inner cover mounting holes (1.1.6) and the outer cover mounting holes (1.2.6) are connected, and the direction of the through hole is perpendicular to the inner cover (1.1).
[0009] Figure 4 As shown, the upper end of the gate body (2.1) of the gate-shaped baffle (2) of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device extends to the left and right sides respectively with cylindrical left door hinge (2.2) and right door hinge (2.3), and the lower part of the gate body (2.1) is the door body positioning notch (2.4).
[0010] Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 As shown, the gate-shaped baffle positioning mechanism (3) of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device has its spring (3.1) and the two ends of the transmission shaft (3.2) welded to the inner round cap (3.3) and the outer round cap (3.4) respectively. The bottom of the round cap has two small round holes as rotating holes (3.5). By inserting a key (4.5) and rotating the round cap at either end, the spring, the shaft and the round cap at the other end can be rotated synchronously.
[0011] Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, in the accessory (3) of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device, the inner cover sealing ring (3.1), the outer cover sealing ring (3.2), the left bearing (3.3) and the right bearing (3.4) are conventional and universal accessories; the two round nails (4.5.1) on the head of the key (4.5) are connected to the shaft (4.5.2), and the handle (4.5.3) is connected to the tail of the shaft.
[0012] Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the assembly steps of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device are as follows: The inner cover sealing ring (3.1) is secured to the inner cover ventilation hole (1.1.3), and the outer cover sealing ring (3.2) is secured to the outer cover ventilation hole (1.2.3); the left bearing (3.3) is then fitted onto the left door hinge (2.2), and the right bearing (3.4) is fitted onto the right door hinge (2.3); the door-shaped baffle (2) is placed inside the outer cover (1.2), and the left bearing (3.3) and right bearing (3.4) are placed into the outer cover hinge. Fix it in the groove; put the outer round cap (3.4) of the door-shaped baffle positioning mechanism (4) into the outer cover positioning recess (1.2.4), and at the same time make the door positioning notch (2.4) straddle the spring (3.1) and the drive shaft (3.2). After passing the two round nails (4.5.1) and the rotating shaft (4.5.2) of the head of the key (4.5) through the key hole (1.1.5) of the inner cover, the two round nails (4.5.1) of the head are inserted into the rotating hole (3.5) of the inner round cap (3.3). When the inner cover (1.1) is fastened, the inner round cap (3.3) is guided into the inner cover positioning recess (1.1.4). The inner cover mounting hole (1.1.6) and the outer cover mounting hole (1.2.6) are connected. The device is installed on the ventilation port of the movable or fixed sealing equipment and facility through the mounting through hole. Rotate the key (4.5) to rotate the spring (3.1) of the door-shaped baffle positioning mechanism (4). As the door positioning notch (2.4) moves on the spring (3.1) and the drive shaft (3.2), the door body (2.1) of the door-shaped baffle (2) is adjusted to the centered position where the inner cover ventilation hole and the outer cover ventilation hole are equidistant.
[0013] Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, the working principle of the overpressure and vacuum damage protection device is as follows: The gate-shaped baffle (2) is kept in a centered state by the spring (3.1) of the gate-shaped baffle positioning mechanism (4). The gate-shaped baffle (2) completely blocks the ventilation holes (1.1.1) of the inner cover and (1.2.1) of the outer cover. The area of the gate-shaped baffle (2) is smaller than the area of the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2), but larger than the area of the ventilation holes (1.1.1) of the inner cover and (1.2.1) of the outer cover. When the gate-shaped baffle (2) is in a centered state, air can... Air exchange occurs through the ventilation holes (1.1.1) in the inner cover, the gaps between the gate-shaped baffle (2) and the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2), and the ventilation hole (1.2.1) in the outer cover. When an overpressure or vacuum condition occurs instantaneously, the pressure difference between the inside and outside generates a thrust far exceeding the spring resistance. In the case of overpressure, the gate-shaped baffle (2) is pushed closer to the inner cover (1.1), closing the ventilation hole (1.1.1) in the inner cover. In the case of vacuum, the gate-shaped baffle (2) is pushed closer to the outer cover (1.2), closing the ventilation hole (1.2.1) in the outer cover. This blocks the influence of external overpressure or vacuum on the internal air pressure of the protective body, achieving the purpose of passive protection against overpressure and vacuum, especially the damage caused by the large-scale ultra-high pressure and ultra-vacuum caused by the simultaneous thermo-pressure bomb.
Claims
1. A protective device against overpressure and vacuum damage, characterized in that: It includes a main structure (1), a portal baffle (2), a portal baffle positioning mechanism (3), and accessories (4); wherein, the main structure (1) is formed by the snap-fitting of an inner cover (1.1) and an outer cover (1.2). The upper parts of the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2) have an upper groove (1.1.1) on the inner cover and an upper groove (1.2.1) on the outer cover, respectively. The two ends are the inner cover bearing groove (1.1.2) and the outer cover bearing groove (1.2.2) on the outer cover, respectively. The center of the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2) has an inner cover ventilation hole (1.1.3) and an outer cover ventilation hole (1.2.3) on the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2.3) on the outer cover, respectively. The lower part is divided into The inner cover positioning recess (1.1.4) and the outer cover positioning recess (1.2.4) are respectively located at the center of the bottom of the inner cover positioning recess (1.1.4) and the outer cover positioning recess (1.2.4). The inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2.4) have inner cover mounting holes (1.1.6) and outer cover mounting holes (1.2.6) respectively around their perimeters. After fastening, the inner cover mounting holes (1.1.6) and the outer cover mounting holes (1.2.6) are connected, and the direction of the through hole is perpendicular to the inner cover (1.1).
2. A protective device against overpressure and vacuum damage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Its door-shaped baffle (2) and door body (2.1) extend to the left and right sides respectively with cylindrical left door hinge (2.2) and right door hinge (2.3), and the lower part of the door body (2.1) is the door body positioning notch (2.4).
3. A protective device against overpressure and vacuum damage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Its gate shape The spring (3.1) and the transmission shaft (3.2) in the baffle positioning mechanism (3) are welded to the inner round cap (3.3) and the outer round cap (3.4) respectively. There are two small round holes at the bottom of the round cap as rotating holes (3.5). By inserting the key (4.5) and rotating the round cap at either end, the spring, the shaft and the round cap at the other end can be rotated synchronously.
4. A protective device against overpressure and vacuum damage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The installation steps are as follows: First, snap the inner cover sealing ring (3.1) into the inner cover ventilation hole ( 1.1.3) Place the outer cover sealing ring (3.2) on the outer cover ventilation hole (1.2.3); then put the left bearing (3.3) on the left door hinge (2.2) and the right bearing (3.4) on the right door hinge (2.3); put the door-shaped baffle (2) into the outer cover (1.2), and fix the left bearing (3.3) and the right bearing (3.4) in the bearing groove of the outer cover; put the outer round cap (3.4) of the door-shaped baffle positioning mechanism (4) into the positioning recess (1.2.4) of the outer cover, and at the same time make the door positioning notch (2.4) straddle the spring (3.1) and the transmission shaft (3.2), and after passing the key (4.5) shaft (4.5.2) through the inner cover key hole (1.1.5), insert the two round nails (4.5.1) of the head into the rotating hole (3.5) of the inner round cap (3.3). When the inner cover (1.1) is fastened, the inner round cap (3.3) is guided into the inner cover positioning recess (1.1.4). The inner cover mounting hole (1.1.5) and the outer cover mounting hole (1.2.5) are connected. The device is installed on the ventilation port of the equipment through the mounting through hole. Turn the key (4.5) to rotate the spring (3.1) of the door-shaped baffle positioning mechanism (4). As the door positioning notch (2.4) moves on the spring (3.1) and the drive shaft (3.2), the door body (2.1) of the door-shaped baffle (2) is adjusted to the centered position where the inner cover ventilation hole and the outer cover ventilation hole are equidistant.
5. A protective device against overpressure and vacuum damage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Its working principle is as follows: The gate-shaped baffle (2) is kept in a centered state by the spring (3.1) of the gate-shaped baffle positioning mechanism (4). The gate-shaped baffle (2) completely blocks the ventilation holes (1.1.1) of the inner cover and (1.2.1) of the outer cover. The area of the gate-shaped baffle (2) is smaller than the area of the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2), but larger than the area of the ventilation holes (1.1.1) of the inner cover and (1.2.1) of the outer cover. When the gate-shaped baffle (2) is in a centered state, air can pass through the ventilation holes (3.1) of the inner cover and (1.2.1) of the outer cover. 1.1.1) Air exchange occurs between the left and right sides and the bottom gaps between the gate-shaped baffle (2) and the inner cover (1.1) and the outer cover (1.2) and the ventilation hole (1.2.1) of the outer cover; When an overpressure or vacuum state occurs instantaneously, the pressure difference between the inside and outside generates a thrust far exceeding the spring resistance. When there is overpressure, the gate-shaped baffle (2) is pushed closer to the inner cover (1.1), closing the ventilation hole of the inner cover ( 1.1.1), while in a vacuum, push the gate-shaped baffle (2) closer to the outer cover (1.2) to close the ventilation hole of the outer cover (1.2.1). This blocks the influence of external overpressure or vacuum on the internal air pressure of the protective body, achieving the purpose of passive protection against overpressure and vacuum.