Anti-explosion test method and structure based on anti-explosion automobile water drain plug structure and automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-explosion test method and structure based on an anti-explosion automobile water drain plug structure and an automobile, and the method comprises the steps: prefabricating a sample piece of the water drain plug structure, and fixing the sample piece on a partition plate in a simulation explosion cabin, the simulation explosion cabin is internally provided with an impact cavity and a monitoring cavity, the impact cavity is used for forming an explosion source for simulating impact, and the monitoring cavity is used for monitoring the impact; the monitoring cavity is used for arranging a monitoring assembly to monitor a sample piece, and the partition plate is located between the impact cavity and the monitoring cavity to physically separate the two cavities; performing a pressure test on the impact cavity, obtaining the sealing performance of the monitoring cavity, and if monitoring test parameters do not reach preset standard parameters, adjusting the impact cavity or the monitoring cavity; and transmitting a standard fragment to the welding plate assembly so as to carry out fragment penetration and dynamic response test, recording fragment tracks through high-speed photography, calculating the capture rate of the welding plate, and obtaining the displacement of the welding plate assembly, and finally, standing for preset time, and testing the drainage capacity of the drainage hole and the integrity of the columnar connector and the gasket assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of explosion-proof automotive technology, and more specifically, relates to an explosion-proof testing method, structure, and vehicle based on the explosion-proof automotive drain plug structure. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the threat of explosions faced by special vehicles in counter-terrorism, peacekeeping, and military scenarios has increased significantly, making the overall explosion protection performance of the vehicle a mandatory design indicator. The floor system, as the last physical barrier between the passenger compartment and the blast source, requires all its components to be certified for explosion protection. However, existing floors are highly susceptible to tearing at welds, openings, and areas of sudden stiffness abrupt changes under the impact of an explosion shockwave, leading to a loss of structural integrity and allowing high-speed flying sheet metal fragments to directly threaten the lives of personnel inside the compartment. To mitigate these risks, the industry common practice is to add steel or aluminum protective covers, baffles, or honeycomb sandwich structures to various open openings on the floor (such as wiring harness through-holes and control lever mounting holes) to prevent fragments from entering the passenger compartment. However, these protective structures are mostly independent parts, requiring additional welding or bolting, which increases vehicle weight and occupies interior space. Furthermore, they may separate from the floor due to localized deformation during an explosion, resulting in insufficient reliability of protection.

[0003] On the other hand, special vehicles need to quickly drain water from the passenger compartment after performing amphibious or wading missions. The current mainstream solution is to open a drain outlet at the lowest point of the floor geometry and equip it with a rubber or metal drain plug. Since this location is in the area of ​​concentrated stress from an explosion, traditional drain plugs are easily blown off by the explosion wave, forming a new high-speed projectile. At the same time, its sealing structure cannot withstand instantaneous high pressure difference, resulting in a direct conflict between the "drainage function" and the "explosion-proof function". There is an urgent need for an integrated structural solution that can simultaneously meet the requirements of rapid drainage in daily use and reliable sealing in explosion conditions.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional testing is often conducted in a fragmented manner, with dynamic blast resistance performance (such as resistance to high-speed fragment penetration and dynamic response of welded plates) and static functional / structural integrity (such as drainage capacity and seal condition) assessments being isolated from each other, making it difficult to conduct integrated verification under near-real explosion impact environments. At the same time, the lack of an integrated testing environment that can accurately simulate explosion impact sources and isolate monitoring interference results in poor controllability of test conditions and insufficient data reliability, making it impossible to comprehensively and realistically evaluate the overall performance of the drain plug structure in balancing protective effectiveness and drainage function under extreme explosion conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies or improvement needs of existing technologies, this invention designs a simple drain plug installation structure for use on the car floor, enabling rapid installation and disassembly. Standardized components are used, resulting in lower costs, while simultaneously achieving effective drainage for this type of special vehicle. Specifically, in a first aspect, this invention provides an explosion-proof testing method based on an explosion-proof car drain plug structure, wherein the drain plug structure includes: a columnar connector and gasket assembly disposed on a drain hole in the base plate, and a welding plate assembly disposed on the base plate; the method includes:

[0006] Step S1: Prefabricate the sample of the water drain plug structure and fix the sample on the partition plate inside the simulated explosion chamber. The simulated explosion chamber is provided with an impact chamber and a monitoring chamber. The impact chamber is used to form an explosion source for simulating an impact, and the monitoring chamber is used to arrange monitoring components to monitor the sample. The partition plate is located between the impact chamber and the monitoring chamber to physically block the two chambers.

[0007] Step S2: Perform a pressure test on the impact chamber and obtain the sealing performance of the monitoring chamber. If the monitoring test parameters do not meet the preset standard parameters, adjust the impact chamber or the monitoring chamber until the preset standard parameters are met.

[0008] Step S3: Standard fragments are fired at the soldering plate assembly to perform fragment penetration and dynamic response tests, high-speed photography is used to record the fragment trajectory, the soldering plate capture rate is calculated, and the displacement of the soldering plate assembly is obtained.

[0009] After steps S4, S2 and S3 are completed, the system is left to stand for a preset time to test the drainage capacity of the drain hole and the integrity of the column connector and gasket assembly.

[0010] In the first aspect, step S2 further includes:

[0011] Step S21: Nitrogen gas is injected into the impact chamber, and a pulse wave with a gradually increasing gradient is generated through the rapid release valve of the impact chamber.

[0012] Step S22: Record the pressure change in the monitoring chamber. If the pressure rise rate is >1 kPa / ms, it is determined to be a sealing failure. Track the nitrogen leakage path in the monitoring chamber and adjust the impact chamber or monitoring chamber according to the leakage point until the preset standard parameters are reached.

[0013] In the first aspect, step S22, recording the pressure change in the monitoring chamber, further includes:

[0014] The parameters during pressure testing are obtained using monitoring components within the monitoring chamber. The leakage rate is then calculated using Formula 1. If the leakage rate is less than a preset parameter value, the seal is deemed to have failed. Formula 1 includes:

[0015]

[0016] Where Q: leakage rate; ΔP: pressure rise in monitoring chamber (Pa); V: volume of monitoring chamber (m³). 3 R: gas constant (8.314 J / mol·K); T: ambient temperature (K); Δt: pressure rise time (s).

[0017] In the first aspect, the capture efficiency of the solder plate in step S3 is calculated using Formula 2. If the capture efficiency of the solder plate is less than a preset percentage parameter, it is determined that the thickness or curvature of the solder plate needs to be increased. Formula 2 includes:

[0018]

[0019] Where η: weld plate capture efficiency; ρ: weld plate material density (kg / m³) 3 L: Critical path length for the fragment to penetrate the weld plate (m); θ: Half-circle wrap angle (rad); m: Fragment mass (kg); v: Fragment velocity (m / s); exp: Exponential function, representing the probability that the fragment is not intercepted.

[0020] In the first aspect, obtaining the displacement of the solder plate assembly in step S3 includes:

[0021] The displacement of the welding plate assembly after receiving an impact is calculated using Formula 3, which includes:

[0022]

[0023] Where m: equivalent mass of the welding plate (kg); The instantaneous acceleration of the soldering plate assembly; Instantaneous velocity of the welding plate assembly; c: damping coefficient (N·s / m); k: spring stiffness (N / m); F(t): time-varying impact force (N).

[0024] In the first aspect, the test of the drainage capacity of the drain hole in step S4 includes: obtaining the flow rate attenuation rate after the nth cycle using Formula 4, where n is a positive integer, and Formula 4 includes:

[0025]

[0026] Where α: velocity decay rate; V0: initial drainage velocity (L / min); V n The flow rate is the velocity after the nth cycle.

[0027] Secondly, the present invention provides an explosion-proof automotive floor drain plug structure comprising a floor with drain holes, the structure comprising:

[0028] The floor has a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface, which are arranged opposite to each other.

[0029] A sleeve is fixedly disposed on the second mounting surface. The sleeve has an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet coincides with the drain hole.

[0030] The columnar connector has a T-shaped structure. Its vertical part passes through the drain hole into the sleeve and extends out of the sleeve's outlet. The horizontal part of the T-shaped structure is located on the outer periphery of the drain hole on the first mounting surface.

[0031] A gasket assembly is sleeved on the columnar connector and located between the horizontal portion and the first mounting surface; the gasket assembly includes a metal gasket and a rubber gasket, and the metal gasket and the rubber gasket are stacked together and sleeved on the columnar connector;

[0032] The welding plate assembly is semi-circular in shape and is disposed on the second mounting surface. The inner arc surface of the semi-circular arc covers the end of the columnar connector. The welding plate assembly is provided with a drain hole. The welding plate assembly consists of a first welding plate and a second welding plate. The length of the first welding plate is less than the length of the second welding plate, so that the drain hole is close to one side of the first welding plate. The other end of the second welding plate forms a guide portion that extends straight out of the drain hole.

[0033] In the second aspect, the sleeve has an internal thread, and the cylindrical connector has an external thread that matches the internal thread on its cylindrical shaft. The cylindrical connector is connected to the sleeve through the external thread.

[0034] In the second aspect, the second welding plate is further provided with dense drainage holes in the middle; a connecting component is further provided at the connection between the first welding plate and the second welding plate and the base plate, and the first welding plate or the second welding plate is connected by the connecting component so as to have room for movement when subjected to external force; a connecting groove is provided on the second mounting surface of the base plate at the position of the first welding plate and the second welding plate;

[0035] The connecting assembly includes a connecting block and an elastic element. The connecting block is disposed in a connecting groove, and the elastic element is connected to the connecting block and the first welding plate or the second welding plate. The depth of the connecting groove is greater than the depth of the elastic element. The connecting block is connected to the connecting groove by bolts. The elastic element includes a spring.

[0036] Thirdly, the present invention provides an explosion-proof vehicle, the explosion-proof vehicle including the aforementioned explosion-proof vehicle floor drain plug structure.

[0037] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The explosion-proof testing method based on the drain plug structure of explosion-proof automobiles of the present invention effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional testing through an integrated simulated explosion chamber (containing a physically isolated impact chamber and monitoring chamber) and a standardized testing process. This method enables simultaneous and accurate evaluation of the comprehensive protective performance and functional retention capability of the drain plug structure under extreme explosive impact in a controlled environment. Specifically, it can comprehensively test not only the interception and capture rate of high-speed fragments, dynamic displacement response, and structural penetration resistance of the welded plate assembly (through high-speed photography and parameter analysis), but also simultaneously verify the patency of the drain hole after an explosive impact and the structural integrity of the columnar connector and gasket assembly. This significantly improves the authenticity, efficiency, and data reliability of the test, providing strong technical support for the safety design and performance verification of key drainage components in explosion-proof automobiles.

[0039] 2. The explosion-proof automotive floor drain plug structure of the present invention integrates a four-stage energy absorption and debris blocking structure consisting of a sleeve, a columnar connector, a gasket assembly, and a welded plate assembly at the drain hole of the floor. This allows the explosive shock wave to be first reflected and weakened within the sleeve cavity, and then the horizontal part of the T-shaped columnar connector and the gasket assembly form a surface-to-surface compression seal, preventing high-pressure gas and fragments from entering the passenger compartment along the drain hole path. At the same time, the semi-circular inner arc surface of the welded plate assembly completely covers the end of the columnar connector, acting as a secondary debris capture cavity and rapidly dispersing the impact load along the semi-circular arc tangential direction to the second mounting surface of the floor, avoiding stress concentration that could cause the drain plug to be blown off. Therefore, under normal conditions, this structure can maintain the drainage channel unobstructed by the elastic compression of the gasket assembly, enabling rapid wading and drainage. Under explosive conditions, it instantly transforms into a high-strength seal and energy absorption barrier, truly achieving "one hole, two uses," satisfying both drainage convenience and explosion-proof reliability without adding extra parts or occupying interior space.

[0040] 3. This invention utilizes a simple drain plug installation structure on the car floor, enabling quick installation and removal. Standardized components reduce costs while ensuring effective drainage for this type of special vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 Flowchart of explosion-proof test method based on explosion-proof automobile drain plug structure Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 2 Flowchart of explosion-proof test method based on explosion-proof automobile drain plug structure Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the explosion-proof car floor drain plug structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4This is a partial view of the explosion-proof car floor drain plug structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] 1. Columnar connector;

[0046] 2. Gasket assembly: 201, metal gasket; 202, rubber gasket;

[0047] 3. Floor; 301. First mounting surface; 302. Second mounting surface;

[0048] 4. Sleeve;

[0049] 5. Welding plate assembly; 501. First welding plate; 502. Second welding plate. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] Please see Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides an explosion-proof testing method based on an explosion-proof automotive drain plug structure. The drain plug structure includes: a columnar connector and a gasket assembly disposed on a drain hole in a base plate, and a welding plate assembly disposed on the base plate. The method includes: step S1, prefabricating a sample of the drain plug structure and fixing the sample to a partition plate inside a simulated explosion chamber. The simulated explosion chamber is provided with an impact chamber and a monitoring chamber. The impact chamber is used to form an explosion source simulating an impact, and the monitoring chamber is used to arrange monitoring components to monitor the sample. The partition plate is located between the impact chamber and the monitoring chamber for physical... Step S2: Separate the two cavities; Step S3: Perform a pressure test on the impact cavity and obtain the sealing performance of the monitoring cavity. If the monitoring test parameters do not meet the preset standard parameters, adjust the impact cavity or the monitoring cavity until the preset standard parameters are met; Step S4: Launch standard fragments into the solder plate assembly to perform fragment penetration and dynamic response tests, record the fragment trajectory with high-speed photography, calculate the solder plate capture rate, and obtain the displacement of the solder plate assembly; Step S5: After Step S2 and Step S3 are completed, allow the assembly to stand for a preset time to test the drainage capacity of the drainage hole and the integrity of the columnar connector and gasket assembly.

[0053] Specifically, this method effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional testing through an integrated simulated explosion chamber (containing physically isolated impact and monitoring chambers) and standardized testing procedures. It enables simultaneous and accurate evaluation of the comprehensive protective performance and functional retention capability of the drain plug structure under extreme explosive impacts in a controlled environment. Specifically, it can comprehensively test the interception and capture rate of high-speed fragments, dynamic displacement response, and structural penetration resistance of the welded plate assembly (through high-speed photography and parametric analysis). It can also simultaneously verify the patency of the drain hole after an explosive impact and the structural integrity of the columnar connector and gasket assembly, significantly improving the realism, efficiency, and data reliability of the test. This provides strong technical support for the safety design and performance verification of key drainage components in explosion-proof vehicles.

[0054] Meanwhile, its one-stop testing covers dynamic blast resistance performance (fragment interception, displacement response) and static functional / structural integrity (drainage capacity, connection component status), far exceeding single performance testing. Furthermore, the compartmentalized simulated explosion chamber realistically simulates the explosion impact source (impact chamber) while ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data (physically isolated monitoring chamber), and the reliability and repeatability of test conditions are guaranteed through pre-pressure and sealing calibration (step S2).

[0055] Furthermore, step S2 also includes: injecting nitrogen into the impact chamber, generating a pulse wave with a gradually increasing gradient through the rapid release valve of the impact chamber, recording the pressure change in the monitoring chamber, determining a sealing failure if the pressure rise rate is >1 kPa / ms, tracing the nitrogen leakage path in the monitoring chamber, and adjusting the impact chamber or monitoring chamber according to the leakage point until the preset standard parameters are reached.

[0056] In one specific implementation, recording the pressure changes in the monitoring chamber further includes:

[0057] The parameters during pressure testing are obtained using monitoring components within the monitoring chamber. The leakage rate is then calculated using Formula 1. If the leakage rate is less than a preset parameter value, the seal is deemed to have failed. Formula 1 includes:

[0058]

[0059] Where Q: leakage rate; ΔP: pressure rise in monitoring chamber (Pa); V: volume of monitoring chamber (m³). 3 R: gas constant (8.314 J / mol·K); T: ambient temperature (K); Δt: pressure rise time (s).

[0060] In one specific implementation, the solder plate capture efficiency is calculated using Formula 2. If the solder plate capture efficiency is less than a preset percentage parameter, it is determined that the solder plate thickness or curvature needs to be increased. Formula 2 includes:

[0061]

[0062] Where η: weld plate capture efficiency; ρ: weld plate material density (kg / m³) 3 L: Critical path length for the fragment to penetrate the weld plate (m); θ: Half-circle wrap angle (rad); m: Fragment mass (kg); v: Fragment velocity (m / s); exp: Exponential function, representing the probability that the fragment is not intercepted.

[0063] In one specific implementation, obtaining the displacement of the solder plate assembly includes:

[0064] The displacement of the welding plate assembly after receiving an impact is calculated using Formula 3, which includes:

[0065]

[0066] Where m: equivalent mass of the welding plate (kg); The instantaneous acceleration of the soldering plate assembly; Instantaneous velocity of the welding plate assembly; c: damping coefficient (N·s / m); k: spring stiffness (N / m); F(t): time-varying impact force (N).

[0067] In one specific implementation, testing the drainage capacity of the drain hole includes:

[0068] The flow rate attenuation rate after the nth cycle is obtained using Formula 4, where n is a positive integer. Formula 4 includes:

[0069]

[0070] Where α: velocity decay rate; V0: initial drainage velocity (L / min); V n The flow rate is the velocity after the nth cycle.

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] Please see Figure 3-4 This embodiment 2 provides an explosion-proof car floor drain plug structure, including a floor 3 with a drain hole. The structure includes: a sleeve 4, a columnar connector 1, a gasket assembly 2, and a welding plate assembly 5.

[0073] The floor 3 has a first mounting surface 301 and a second mounting surface 302, which are arranged opposite to each other. A sleeve 4 is fixedly disposed on the second mounting surface 302. The sleeve 4 has an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet coincides with the drain hole. The columnar connector 1 has a T-shaped structure. Its vertical part passes through the drain hole into the sleeve 4 and extends out of the outlet of the sleeve 4. The horizontal part of the T-shaped structure is located on the outer periphery of the drain hole of the first mounting surface 301. The gasket assembly 2 is sleeved on the columnar connector 1 and is located between the horizontal part and the first mounting surface 301. The welding plate assembly 5 is semi-circular and disposed on the second mounting surface 302. The inner arc surface of the semi-circular arc covers the end of the columnar connector 1, and the welding plate assembly 5 is provided with a drain hole.

[0074] Specifically, this invention integrates a four-stage energy absorption and debris blocking structure consisting of a sleeve 4, a columnar connector 1, a gasket assembly 2, and a welding plate assembly 5 at the drain hole of the floor 3. This allows the explosive shock wave to be first reflected and weakened within the cavity of the sleeve 4, and then formed a surface-to-surface compression seal between the horizontal part of the T-shaped columnar connector 1 and the gasket assembly 2, preventing high-pressure gas and fragments from entering the passenger compartment along the drain hole path. Simultaneously, the semi-circular inner arc surface of the welding plate assembly 5 completely covers the end of the columnar connector 1, acting as a secondary debris capture cavity and rapidly dispersing the impact load tangentially along the semi-circular arc to the second mounting surface 302 of the floor 3, avoiding stress concentration that could cause the drain plug to be blown off. Therefore, under normal conditions, this structure can maintain the drainage channel unobstructed by the elastic compression of the gasket assembly 2, enabling rapid wading and drainage. Under explosive conditions, it instantly transforms into a high-strength seal and energy absorption barrier, truly achieving "two uses in one hole." Without adding extra parts or occupying interior space, it simultaneously satisfies drainage convenience and explosion-proof reliability.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve 4 has an internal thread, and the columnar connector 1 has an external thread that matches the internal thread on its columnar rod. The columnar connector 1 is connected to the sleeve 4 through the external thread, which makes disassembly more convenient.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the gasket assembly 2 includes a metal gasket 201 and a rubber gasket 202, and the metal gasket 201 and the rubber gasket 202 are stacked and sleeved on the columnar connector 1 to form a secondary buffer.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the length of the first welding plate 501 is less than the length of the second welding plate 502, such that the drain hole is close to one side of the first welding plate 501, and the other end of the second welding plate 502 forms a guide portion that extends straight out of the drain hole to guide water out.

[0078] Furthermore, the second welding plate 502 is also provided with dense drainage holes in the middle.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, a connecting component is further provided at the connection between the first welding plate 501 and the second welding plate 502 and the base plate, and the first welding plate 501 or the second welding plate 502 is connected by the connecting component so as to have room for movement when subjected to external force.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the second mounting surface 302 of the base plate is provided with a connecting groove at the position of the first welding plate 501 and the second welding plate 502; the connecting assembly includes a connecting block and an elastic member, the connecting block is disposed in the connecting groove, the elastic member is connected to the connecting block and the first welding plate 501 or the second welding plate 502, and the depth of the connecting groove is greater than the depth of the elastic member.

[0081] Furthermore, the connecting block is connected to the connecting groove by bolts, and the elastic element includes a spring.

[0082] Specifically, by adding a floating connection assembly of "connecting groove-connecting block-spring" between the first welding plate 501, the second welding plate 502 and the base plate, the welding plate assembly 5 obtains a controllable space for movement at the moment of explosion: the depth of the connecting groove is greater than the height of the spring, providing millimeter-level sliding margin for the welding plate. The explosion impact pushes the welding plate outward to compress the spring, converting the instantaneous peak load into spring potential energy and extending the action time; at the same time, the spring rebound can quickly reset, ensuring that the drainage hole reopens, taking into account both one-time explosion-proof energy absorption and multiple drainage reuse; the connecting block is detachably fixed to the base plate by bolts, which is convenient for assembly and maintenance, and can achieve rapid adaptation to different explosion-proof levels of the whole vehicle through dual adjustment of bolt preload and spring stiffness.

[0083] Example 3:

[0084] This embodiment three provides an explosion-proof vehicle, which includes the explosion-proof vehicle floor drain plug structure. This drain plug structure integrates a four-stage energy absorption and debris blocking structure—comprising a sleeve, a cylindrical connector, a gasket assembly, and a welded plate assembly—at the drain hole in the floor. This allows the blast shock wave to be first reflected and weakened within the sleeve cavity, then pressed together with the gasket assembly at the horizontal part of the T-shaped cylindrical connector to form a surface-to-surface seal, preventing high-pressure gas and fragments from entering the passenger compartment along the drain hole path. Simultaneously, the semi-circular inner arc surface of the welded plate assembly completely covers the end of the cylindrical connector, acting as a secondary debris capture chamber and rapidly dispersing the impact load tangentially along the semi-circular arc to the second mounting surface of the floor, preventing stress concentration that could cause the drain plug to detach entirely. Therefore, under normal conditions, this structure can maintain unobstructed drainage channels through the elastic compression of the gasket assembly, enabling rapid wading and drainage. Under explosive conditions, it instantly transforms into a high-strength seal and energy-absorbing barrier, truly achieving "two uses in one hole." It satisfies both drainage convenience and explosion-proof reliability without adding extra parts or occupying interior space.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing explosion-proof performance based on an explosion-proof automotive drain plug structure, the drain plug structure comprising: a columnar connector and a gasket assembly disposed on a drain hole in a base plate, and a welding plate assembly disposed on the base plate, characterized in that, The method includes: Step S1: Prefabricate the sample of the water drain plug structure and fix the sample on the partition plate inside the simulated explosion chamber. The simulated explosion chamber is provided with an impact chamber and a monitoring chamber. The impact chamber is used to form an explosion source for simulating an impact, and the monitoring chamber is used to arrange monitoring components to monitor the sample. The partition plate is located between the impact chamber and the monitoring chamber to physically block the two chambers. Step S2: Perform a pressure test on the impact chamber and obtain the sealing performance of the monitoring chamber. If the monitoring test parameters do not meet the preset standard parameters, adjust the impact chamber or the monitoring chamber until the preset standard parameters are met. Step S3: Standard fragments are fired at the soldering plate assembly to perform fragment penetration and dynamic response tests, high-speed photography is used to record the fragment trajectory, the soldering plate capture rate is calculated, and the displacement of the soldering plate assembly is obtained. After steps S4, S2 and S3 are completed, the system is left to stand for a preset time to test the drainage capacity of the drain hole and the integrity of the column connector and gasket assembly.

2. The explosion-proof testing method based on the explosion-proof automotive drain plug structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 further includes: Step S21: Nitrogen gas is injected into the impact chamber, and a pulse wave with a gradually increasing gradient is generated through the rapid release valve of the impact chamber. Step S22: Record the pressure change in the monitoring chamber. If the pressure rise rate is >1 kPa / ms, it is determined to be a sealing failure. Track the nitrogen leakage path in the monitoring chamber and adjust the impact chamber or monitoring chamber according to the leakage point until the preset standard parameters are reached.

3. The explosion-proof test method based on the explosion-proof automobile drain plug structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S22, which involves recording changes in the monitoring chamber pressure, also includes: The parameters during pressure testing are obtained using monitoring components within the monitoring chamber. The leakage rate is then calculated using Formula 1. If the leakage rate is less than a preset parameter value, the seal is deemed to have failed. Formula 1 includes: Where Q: leakage rate; ΔP: pressure rise in monitoring chamber (Pa); V: volume of monitoring chamber (m³). 3 R: gas constant (8.314 J / mol·K); T: ambient temperature (K); Δt: pressure rise time (s).

4. The explosion-proof test method based on the explosion-proof automobile drain plug structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capture efficiency of the solder plate in step S3 is calculated using Formula 2. If the capture efficiency of the solder plate is less than a preset percentage parameter, it is determined that the thickness or curvature of the solder plate needs to be increased. Formula 2 includes: Where η: weld plate capture efficiency; ρ: weld plate material density (kg / m³) 3 L: Critical path length for the fragment to penetrate the weld plate (m); θ: Half-circle wrap angle (rad); m: Fragment mass (kg); v: Fragment velocity (m / s); exp: Exponential function, representing the probability that the fragment is not intercepted.

5. The explosion-proof test method based on the explosion-proof automobile drain plug structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3, obtaining the displacement of the soldering plate assembly, includes: The displacement of the welding plate assembly after receiving an impact is calculated using Formula 3, which includes: Where m: equivalent mass of the welding plate (kg); The instantaneous acceleration of the solder plate assembly; Instantaneous velocity of the welding plate assembly; c: damping coefficient (N·s / m); k: spring stiffness (N / m); F(t): time-varying impact force (N).

6. The explosion-proof test method based on the explosion-proof automobile drain plug structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4, testing the drainage capacity of the drain hole, includes: The flow rate attenuation rate after the nth cycle is obtained using Formula 4, where n is a positive integer. Formula 4 includes: Where α: velocity decay rate; V0: initial drainage velocity (L / min); V n The flow rate is the velocity after the nth cycle.

7. A waterproof drain plug structure for an explosion-proof car floor includes a floor with drainage holes, characterized in that, The structure includes: The floor (3) has a first mounting surface (301) and a second mounting surface (302), which are arranged in opposite directions. A sleeve (4) is fixedly disposed on the second mounting surface (302). The sleeve (4) has an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet coincides with the drain hole. The columnar connector (1) has a T-shaped structure. Its vertical part passes through the drain hole into the sleeve (4) and extends out of the outlet of the sleeve (4). The horizontal part of the T-shaped structure is located on the outer periphery of the drain hole of the first mounting surface (301). A gasket assembly (2) is sleeved on the columnar connector (1) and located between the horizontal portion and the first mounting surface (301); the gasket assembly (2) includes a metal gasket (201) and a rubber gasket (202), and the metal gasket (201) and the rubber gasket (202) are stacked and sleeved on the columnar connector (1); The welding plate assembly (5) is semi-circular in shape and is disposed on the second mounting surface (302). The inner arc surface of the semi-circular arc covers the end of the columnar connector (1). The welding plate assembly (5) is provided with a drain hole. The welding plate assembly consists of a first welding plate (501) and a second welding plate (502). The length of the first welding plate (501) is less than the length of the second welding plate (502), so that the drain hole is close to the side of the first welding plate (501). The other end of the second welding plate (502) forms a guide portion that extends straight out of the drain hole.

8. The explosion-proof automotive floor drain plug structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sleeve (4) has an internal thread, and the columnar connector (1) has an external thread that matches the internal thread on its columnar rod. The columnar connector (1) is connected to the sleeve (4) through the external thread.

9. The explosion-proof automotive floor drain plug structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second welding plate (502) is also provided with dense drainage holes in the middle; the connection between the first welding plate (501) and the second welding plate (502) and the base plate is also provided with a connecting component, and the first welding plate (501) or the second welding plate (502) is connected by the connecting component so as to have room for movement when subjected to external force; the second mounting surface (302) of the base plate is provided with a connecting groove at the position of the first welding plate (501) and the second welding plate (502); The connecting assembly includes a connecting block and an elastic element. The connecting block is disposed in a connecting groove, and the elastic element is connected to the connecting block and the first welding plate (501) or the second welding plate (502). The depth of the connecting groove is greater than the depth of the elastic element. The connecting block is connected to the connecting groove by bolts. The elastic element includes a spring.

10. An explosion-proof vehicle, characterized in that: The explosion-proof vehicle includes the explosion-proof vehicle floor drain plug structure as described in any one of claims 7-9.

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