Miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device and noise dual-mode suppression method

Abstract

The invention provides a miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device and a noise dual-mode suppression method, and relates to the technical field of quantum information. A vacuum compatible integrated atom source module maintains the vacuum degree of a glass vacuum cavity through a gas release sheet and a getter sheet; the low-temperature magneto-optical trap can cool the atomic gas and gather the cold atomic gas into the F-P cavity; the Rydberg atom detection module can excite atoms to be in a Rydberg state through coupling light, after a microwave electric field is applied, information generated when cold Rydberg state atoms are subjected to EIT-AT splitting is detected through detection light, and a main detection signal is generated. The F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module can collect fluorescence emitted by the cold Rydberg state atoms and generate a fluorescence noise signal; the signal processing module may cancel fluorescence noise based on the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal. By means of the mode, the problems that a Rydberg atom antenna device based on cold atoms is large in size and difficult in fluorescence noise suppression are solved, and the detection performance of the device can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of quantum information technology, and in particular to a miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device and a noise double-mode suppression method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The atom excited to the Rydberg state, i.e. the Rydberg atom, is a highly excited state atom with a large principal quantum number. Since the Rydberg atom is extremely sensitive to external microwave electric field, it can be used as a Rydberg atom antenna to detect the external microwave electric field. Due to its high sensitivity, small size and wide spectral coverage, the Rydberg atom antenna has been widely used in the field of microwave sensing. In practical applications, in order to improve the detection accuracy, multiple noise sources from the optical path and atomic interaction need to be suppressed, and the detected microwave signal needs to be enhanced. Among them, the noise introduced by the Rydberg atom itself mainly includes Doppler noise caused by atomic thermal motion and fluorescence noise generated by the Rydberg atom itself. The suppression of these two kinds of noise is difficult, which seriously restricts the improvement of the detection sensitivity of the Rydberg atom antenna device.

[0003] For the Doppler noise caused by atomic thermal motion, in some related technologies, a cooling device is selected to cool the Rydberg atom, so as to suppress the atomic thermal motion to a certain extent and reduce the Doppler noise caused by the atomic thermal motion. However, such a cooling device usually needs to rely on a large vacuum pump group and a complex atom source, resulting in a problem of too large volume of the whole Rydberg atom antenna device, which is difficult to meet the needs of outdoor mobile deployment.

[0004] For the fluorescence noise generated by the Rydberg atom itself, since the traditional noise suppression methods such as filtering and shielding can only suppress the laser noise, the suppression effect on the wavelength-specific fluorescence noise generated by the atomic self-radiation is limited, resulting in a problem of difficult suppression of fluorescence noise in the Rydberg atom antenna device, which restricts its detection performance.

[0005] In summary, the existing Rydberg atom antenna device based on cold atoms has the problems of large volume and difficult suppression of fluorescence noise, which is difficult to meet the needs of outdoor mobile deployment, and has poor detection performance. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device and a noise double-mode suppression method, which solves the problems of large volume and difficult suppression of fluorescence noise in the existing Rydberg atom antenna device based on cold atoms, which is difficult to meet the needs of outdoor mobile deployment, and has poor detection performance.

[0007] The application provides a miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device, comprising: a vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module, a low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, an F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module, a Rydberg atom detection module and a signal processing module; the vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module comprises a glass vacuum cavity, a gas release sheet and a getter sheet, and the gas release sheet and the getter sheet are arranged in the glass vacuum cavity; the F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module comprises an F-P cavity and a fluorescence collection module, the F-P cavity is arranged in the interior of the glass vacuum cavity, and the fluorescence collection module is arranged at one end of the F-P cavity; the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, the Rydberg atom detection module and the signal processing module are arranged outside the glass vacuum cavity; wherein the gas release sheet is used for releasing atom gas in the glass vacuum cavity; the getter sheet is used for adsorbing part of the atom gas, so that the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity is less than or equal to a preset vacuum degree threshold value and the concentration of the atom gas is in a preset concentration threshold range; the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module is used for cooling the temperature of the atom gas to a preset temperature threshold value, obtaining cold atom gas, and gathering the cold atom gas into the F-P cavity; the Rydberg atom detection module is used for generating coupling light and detection light, the optical axis direction of the F-P cavity is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the detection light, and the propagation direction of the coupling light is opposite to that of the detection light; the coupling light is used for exciting atoms in the cold atom gas to a Rydberg state, obtaining a cold Rydberg state atom cloud; after a microwave electric field is applied to the cold Rydberg state atom cloud in the glass vacuum cavity, the detection light is used for scanning the cold Rydberg state atom cloud to obtain information when the cold Rydberg state atom occurs EIT-AT splitting, generating a main detection signal; the F-P cavity is used for collecting fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atom to the fluorescence collection module; the fluorescence collection module is used for generating a fluorescence noise signal of the fluorescence; and the signal processing module is used for eliminating the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atom based on the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal.

[0008] According to the miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device provided by the application, the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module comprises a laser submodule and a magnetic field submodule, the laser submodule comprises a laser, and the magnetic field submodule comprises an energized coil, and the energized coil is arranged outside the glass vacuum cavity; wherein the laser submodule is used for generating cooling laser, and the cooling laser is used for irradiating atom gas, so that the temperature of the atom gas is cooled to a preset temperature threshold value, and cold atom gas is obtained; and the energized coil is used for generating a gradient magnetic field, and the gradient magnetic field is used for gathering the cold atom gas into the F-P cavity.

[0009] According to the miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device provided by the application, the wavelength of the cooling laser is the same as the cooling transition wavelength of the atom in the atom gas.

[0010] The small-sized cold Rydberg atom antenna device further comprises a first photodetector, which is connected with the signal processing module; wherein, after the EIT-AT splitting of the cold Rydberg state atom, the first photodetector is used to convert the detection light carrying the AT splitting information and the first fluorescence noise information into a main detection signal.

[0011] The small-sized cold Rydberg atom antenna device further comprises a fluorescence collection module, which comprises a fluorescence collection light path and a second photodetector arranged in sequence; the fluorescence collection light path comprises a filter and a focusing lens group arranged in sequence; wherein, the fluorescence collection light path is used to couple the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atom to the second photodetector through the filter and the focusing lens group in sequence; and the second photodetector is used to convert the fluorescence into a fluorescence noise signal.

[0012] The small-sized cold Rydberg atom antenna device further comprises a filter, and the center wavelength of the filter is the same as the wavelength of the fluorescence.

[0013] The small-sized cold Rydberg atom antenna device further comprises a signal processing module, wherein the main detection signal carries the AT splitting information and the first fluorescence noise information, and the fluorescence noise signal carries second fluorescence noise information; the signal processing module comprises a differential amplification circuit and an integrated processor; wherein, the differential amplification circuit is used to perform differential operation on the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal, eliminate the first fluorescence noise information and the second fluorescence noise information, and generate a differential signal; and the integrated processor is used to perform signal processing on the differential signal based on a signal processing algorithm, and eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atom.

[0014] The small-sized cold Rydberg atom antenna device further comprises coupling light and detection light, which are light signals modulated by a Zeeman modulation and locked to the atomic energy level of the atom.

[0015] The small-sized cold Rydberg atom antenna device further comprises an F-P cavity, which comprises two parallel arranged reflecting mirrors, and the two reflecting mirrors are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the two sides of the glass vacuum cavity.

[0016] The application further provides a noise double-mode suppression method using any one of the miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna devices, the noise double-mode suppression method comprising: based on the low-temperature magneto-optical trap module, cooling the temperature of the atomic gas to a preset temperature threshold, generating cold atomic gas, and gathering the cold atomic gas into the F-P cavity; based on the Rydberg atom detection module, generating coupling light and detection light; using the coupling light to scan the cold atomic gas, exciting the atoms in the cold atomic gas to the Rydberg state, and generating a cold Rydberg state atomic cloud; after applying a microwave electric field to the cold Rydberg atomic cloud in the glass vacuum cavity, using the detection light to scan the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud to obtain information when the cold Rydberg state atom occurs EIT-AT splitting, generating a main detection signal; collecting the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atom into the fluorescence collection module through the F-P cavity, so that the fluorescence collection module generates a fluorescence noise signal of the fluorescence; based on the signal processing module, signal processing is performed on the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal to eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atom.

[0017] The application provides a miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device and a noise double-mode suppression method. The Rydberg atom antenna device is integrated with a vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module, a low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, an F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module, a Rydberg atom detection module, and a signal processing module. The vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module includes a glass vacuum cavity, a gas release sheet, and a getter sheet. The gas release sheet is used to release atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity, and the getter sheet is used to adsorb part of the atomic gas, so that the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity is less than or equal to a preset vacuum degree threshold and the concentration of the atomic gas is within a preset concentration threshold range. Since the glass vacuum cavity, the gas release sheet, and the getter sheet are all miniaturized components, this integrated design can maintain the internal vacuum of the glass cavity for a long time without relying on a large vacuum pump set, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the Rydberg atom antenna device, solves the problem of large volume of the Rydberg atom antenna device based on cold atoms, improves the mobile deployment capability of the Rydberg atom antenna device, and meets the needs of outdoor mobile deployment of the Rydberg atom antenna device. The F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module includes an F-P cavity and a fluorescence collection module. The F-P cavity is arranged inside the glass vacuum cavity, and the fluorescence collection module is arranged at one end of the F-P cavity. The low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, the Rydberg atom detection module, and the signal processing module are arranged outside the glass vacuum cavity. The low-temperature magnetic optical trap module is used to cool the temperature of the atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity to a preset temperature threshold to obtain cold atomic gas, which can suppress the Doppler noise caused by atomic thermal motion and improve the detection performance of the Rydberg atom antenna device. The Rydberg atom detection module is used to generate coupling light and detection light. The optical axis direction of the F-P cavity is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the detection light. The propagation direction of the coupling light is opposite to that of the detection light. The coupling light is used to excite atoms in the cold atomic gas to the Rydberg state to generate a cold Rydberg state atomic cloud. Since the cold Rydberg state atoms in the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud are extremely sensitive to external microwave electric fields, after applying a microwave electric field to the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud in the glass vacuum cavity, the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud can be scanned by the detection light to obtain information about the EIT-AT splitting of the cold Rydberg state atoms caused by the microwave electric field, and a main detection signal is generated. At the same time, the F-P cavity can collect the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms to the fluorescence collection module, and then the fluorescence collection module generates a fluorescence noise signal according to the fluorescence. At this time, the signal processing module can eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms according to the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal, solving the problem of fluorescence noise suppression of the Rydberg atom antenna device. In addition, since this integrated design can simultaneously suppress the Doppler noise and the fluorescence noise in the Rydberg atom antenna device, the sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the Rydberg atom antenna device to the microwave electric field measurement can be further improved, thereby further improving the detection performance of the Rydberg atom antenna device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to make the technical solutions in the present application or prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and based on these drawings, other drawings can be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device provided by the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device provided by the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device provided by the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a noise double-mode suppression method provided by the present application.

[0023] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a noise double-mode suppression method provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the technical solutions in the present application or prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and based on these drawings, other drawings can be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device provided by the present application, Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device provided by the present application, Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device provided by the present application.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, in the present embodiment, the miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device comprises a vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module, a miniaturized low-temperature magneto-optical trap (MOT) module, an F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module, a Rydberg atom detection module and a signal processing module.

[0027] Specifically,Figure 2 Shows the optomechanical structure of the miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device in the yz plane, Figure 3 Shows the optomechanical structure of the miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device in the xz plane, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module includes a glass vacuum cavity ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 The gray rectangles in), a degassing sheet, a getter sheet, and a glass electrical feedthrough interface. The degassing sheet and the getter sheet are partially disposed inside the glass vacuum cavity.

[0028] Among them, the parts of the degassing sheet and the getter sheet disposed inside the glass vacuum cavity contain chemical substances, and the chemical substances used for the degassing sheet and the getter sheet are different.

[0029] Optionally, the getter sheet is a non-evaporable getter sheet.

[0030] The F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module includes an F-P cavity ( Figure 2 The circular part in the middle of the gray rectangle and Figure 3 A pair of concave mirrors in the middle of the gray rectangle) and a fluorescence collection module. The F-P cavity is disposed inside the glass vacuum cavity, and the fluorescence collection module ( Figure 2 The filter, lens, and PD2 in are components of the fluorescence collection module, and PD2 is the second photodetector) is disposed at one end of the F-P cavity.

[0031] The cryogenic magneto-optical trap module, the Rydberg atom detection module, and the signal processing module are disposed outside the glass vacuum cavity.

[0032] Among them, the vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module can be compatible with the optical path and structural requirements of the cryogenic magneto-optical trap module and the F-P (Fabry-Perot) cavity, and has the ability to maintain ultra-high vacuum for a long time without an external mechanical pump to achieve centimeter-scale miniaturization.

[0033] Specifically, the degassing sheet is used to release atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity by using chemical substances. The atomic gas contains a large number of atoms. Since a large number of atoms will move spontaneously in the glass vacuum cavity, they will gradually and evenly distribute throughout the glass vacuum cavity; while the getter sheet is used to use other chemical substances with adsorption properties to adsorb some atoms in the atomic gas, so that the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity is less than or equal to the preset vacuum degree threshold, and the concentration of the atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity is within the preset concentration threshold range, ensuring the dynamic balance of the atomic gas concentration.

[0034] Optionally, the preset vacuum degree threshold is Torr (torr); the degassing sheet and the getter sheet can maintain the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity at Torr or at Torr, i.e., the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity is less than or equal to Torr.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the prior art, if the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity is to be maintained at a low level (for example, Torr), a large vacuum pump group needs to be configured to periodically extract atoms in the glass vacuum cavity, which undoubtedly increases the size of the Rydberg atom antenna device. The present application releases atom gas into the glass vacuum cavity by using a miniaturized outgassing sheet, and to avoid excessive atom gas released by the outgassing sheet from causing the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity to rise, a miniaturized getter sheet is also correspondingly provided. The getter sheet can use a chemical substance with adsorption properties to adsorb the excess atom gas in the glass vacuum cavity, thereby maintaining the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity within a range less than or equal to a preset vacuum degree threshold. This integrated design can achieve the internal vacuum of the glass cavity without relying on a large vacuum pump group, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the Rydberg atom antenna device, solves the problem of large size of the Rydberg atom antenna device based on cold atoms, improves the mobile deployment capability of the Rydberg atom antenna device, and meets the needs of outdoor mobile deployment of the Rydberg atom antenna device.

[0036] Further, the vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module can serve as an atom gas chamber of the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module. After a large number of atoms in the atom gas are gradually and uniformly distributed in the entire glass vacuum cavity, the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module arranged outside the glass vacuum cavity is used to cool the temperature of the atom gas to a preset temperature threshold by cooling laser, obtain cold atom gas, and gather (i.e., trap) the cold atom gas into the F-P cavity arranged inside the glass vacuum cavity by a gradient magnetic field.

[0037] It should be noted that, since the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module has cooled the temperature of the atom gas in the glass vacuum cavity to a preset temperature threshold, and gathered (i.e., trapped) the cold atom gas into the F-P cavity arranged inside the glass vacuum cavity by a gradient magnetic field, the atomic thermal motion in the glass vacuum cavity is inhibited to a certain extent, and the Doppler noise caused by atomic thermal motion is also inhibited, which is conducive to improving the detection performance of the Rydberg atom antenna device.

[0038] Optionally, the preset temperature threshold is of the order of μK (microkelvin, a unit of temperature).

[0039] Further, as Figure 3 and Figure 3As shown, the Rydberg atom detection module arranged outside the glass vacuum cavity is used to generate coupling light and probe light, the optical axis direction of the F-P cavity is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the probe light, and the propagation direction of the coupling light is opposite to that of the probe light.

[0040] After the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module has cooled the temperature of the atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity to a preset temperature threshold and trapped the cold atomic gas in the F-P cavity, the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module can be turned off. At this time, the coupling light is used to irradiate and scan the cold atomic gas gathered in the F-P cavity, and a large number of atoms in the cold atomic gas are excited to the Rydberg state to generate a cold Rydberg state atomic cloud. The cold Rydberg state atoms in the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud are extremely sensitive to external microwave electric fields, and thus can be used as a Rydberg atom antenna to detect external microwave electric fields.

[0041] It should be noted that, based on the principle of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), after the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud is excited by the coupling light, a microwave electric field can be applied to the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud in the glass vacuum cavity by a radio frequency device (RF) in the glass vacuum cavity. Figure 2 At this time, a large number of cold Rydberg state atoms in the F-P cavity will undergo EIT-AT splitting (i.e., Autler-Townes splitting) due to the influence of the microwave electric field, resulting in a change in the observed EIT spectrum of the cold Rydberg state atoms.

[0042] Based on the above principle, after the microwave electric field is applied to the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud in the glass vacuum cavity, the probe light can be used to scan the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud to detect and obtain information when the cold Rydberg state atoms undergo EIT-AT splitting, thereby generating a main detection signal.

[0043] Optionally, the probe light and the coupling light are both light signals subjected to Zeeman modulation and frequency-locked to atomic energy levels of atoms.

[0044] Specifically, the probe light and the coupling light can be locked to atomic transition energy levels of target atoms (i.e., atoms used in the atomic gas) by using techniques such as Zeeman modulation, and the frequencies of the probe light and / or the coupling light can be scanned by using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) to ensure the frequency stability of the probe light and the coupling light.

[0045] At the same time, after the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud is excited by the coupling light, a large number of cold Rydberg state atoms in the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud inevitably have spontaneous emission, which causes fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms to exist in the F-P cavity. At this time, the F-P cavity is used to collect the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms to the fluorescence collection module, and the fluorescence collection module generates a fluorescence noise signal of the fluorescence.

[0046] Further, the main probe signal and the fluorescence noise signal are transmitted to a signal processing module, which is configured to eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg atoms based on a difference circuit and signal processing technology of the main probe signal and the fluorescence noise signal.

[0047] The miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device provided in the embodiment is integrated with a vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module, a low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, an F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module, a Rydberg atom detection module and a signal processing module; the vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module comprises a glass vacuum cavity, a gas release sheet and a getter sheet, the gas release sheet is used to release atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity, and the getter sheet is used to adsorb part of the atoms in the atomic gas, so that the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity is less than or equal to a preset vacuum degree threshold and the concentration of the atomic gas is within a preset concentration threshold range; since the glass vacuum cavity, the gas release sheet and the getter sheet are all miniaturized components, the integrated design can long-term maintain the internal vacuum of the glass cavity without relying on a large vacuum pump set, is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the Rydberg atom antenna device, solves the problem of large volume of the Rydberg atom antenna device based on cold atoms, can improve the mobile deployment capability of the Rydberg atom antenna device, and meets the needs of outdoor mobile deployment of the Rydberg atom antenna device; the F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module comprises an F-P cavity and a fluorescence collection module, the F-P cavity is arranged inside the glass vacuum cavity, and the fluorescence collection module is arranged at one end of the F-P cavity; the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, the Rydberg atom detection module and the signal processing module are arranged outside the glass vacuum cavity; the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module is used to cool the temperature of the atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity to a preset temperature threshold to obtain cold atomic gas, so as to suppress the Doppler noise caused by atomic thermal motion and improve the detection performance of the Rydberg atom antenna device; the Rydberg atom detection module is used to generate coupling light and detection light, the optical axis direction of the F-P cavity is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the detection light, and the propagation direction of the coupling light is opposite to that of the detection light; the coupling light is used to excite the atoms in the cold atomic gas to the Rydberg state to generate a cold Rydberg state atomic cloud; since the cold Rydberg state atoms in the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud are extremely sensitive to external microwave electric fields, after a microwave electric field is applied to the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud in the glass vacuum cavity, the cold Rydberg state atomic cloud can be scanned by the detection light to obtain information of the EIT-AT splitting of the cold Rydberg state atoms caused by the microwave electric field, and a main detection signal is generated; at the same time, the F-P cavity can collect the fluorescence generated due to the self-radiation of the cold Rydberg state atoms to the fluorescence collection module, and then the fluorescence collection module generates a fluorescence noise signal according to the fluorescence; at this time, the signal processing module can eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms according to the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal, and solve the problem of difficult fluorescence noise suppression of the Rydberg atom antenna device; in addition, since the integrated design can simultaneously suppress the Doppler noise and the fluorescence noise in the Rydberg atom antenna device, the sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the Rydberg atom antenna device to the microwave electric field measurement can be further improved, so as to further improve the detection performance of the Rydberg atom antenna device.

[0048] In some embodiments, the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module comprises a laser sub-module and a magnetic field sub-module, the laser sub-module comprises a laser, and the magnetic field sub-module comprises a current-carrying coil, which is arranged around the outside of the glass vacuum cavity; wherein the laser sub-module is used to generate cooling laser, and the cooling laser is used to irradiate the atomic gas, so that the temperature of the atomic gas is cooled to a preset temperature threshold, and the cold atomic gas is obtained; the current-carrying coil is used to generate a gradient magnetic field, and the gradient magnetic field is used to gather the atomic gas into the F-P cavity.

[0049] Specifically, the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module comprises a laser sub-module and a magnetic field sub-module.

[0050] Wherein, the laser sub-module comprises a single laser, which is used to generate cooling laser, and when the cooling laser irradiates on the atomic gas, the temperature of the atomic gas can be cooled to a preset temperature threshold, so as to obtain the cold atomic gas.

[0051] Specifically, the output beam of the laser can form four cooling beams through a beam splitter, and part of the cooling beams can be used as a feedback light path; the feedback light path is locked to the transition frequency of the target atom (i.e. the atom used in the atomic gas) through the saturated absorption spectrum, and the laser can also generate a repumping light through frequency shift, and after the repumping light is combined with the main laser, the four MOT lights (i.e. the final cooling laser) in the above formula can be formed together. The cooling laser output by the laser will directly pass through the glass vacuum cavity and irradiate on the atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity, so that the temperature of the atomic gas is cooled to a preset temperature threshold, and the purpose of atomic cooling is achieved. Figure 3

[0052] Optionally, the preset temperature threshold is in the order of μK (microkelvin, a unit of temperature).

[0053] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the magnetic field sub-module comprises a current-carrying coil, which is arranged around the outside of the glass vacuum cavity, and the current direction in the current-carrying coil is shown by the black arrow on the orange rectangle in Figure 2 and Figure 3 . Figure 2 Figure 3 According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the current-carrying coil can generate a gradient magnetic field and a uniform magnetic field, and since the current-carrying coil is arranged around the outside of the glass vacuum cavity, the gradient magnetic field generated by the current-carrying coil can directly affect the atoms in the glass vacuum cavity, and by adjusting the size or intensity of the current in the current-carrying coil, the cold atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity can be trapped into the F-P cavity, and the uniform magnetic field provides the atom with a quantized axis.

[0054] According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the current-carrying coil can generate a gradient magnetic field and a uniform magnetic field, and since the current-carrying coil is arranged around the outside of the glass vacuum cavity, the gradient magnetic field generated by the current-carrying coil can directly affect the atoms in the glass vacuum cavity, and by adjusting the size or intensity of the current in the current-carrying coil, the cold atomic gas in the glass vacuum cavity can be trapped into the F-P cavity, and the uniform magnetic field provides the atom with a quantized axis.

[0055] ​​The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device provided in this embodiment integrates a miniaturized low-temperature magneto-optical trap module. The low-temperature magneto-optical trap module cools and confines atomic gas to the μK level through cooling laser and gradient magnetic field, which can effectively suppress Doppler noise caused by atomic thermal motion. In some embodiments, the wavelength of the cooling laser is the same as the wavelength of the cooling transition of atoms in the atomic gas.

[0056] Optionally, the atoms in the atomic gas are alkali metal atoms or alkaline earth metal atoms.

[0057] In some embodiments, a first photodetector is further included, which is connected to a signal processing module; wherein, after the cold Rydberg atom undergoes EIT-AT splitting, the first photodetector is used to convert the probe light carrying AT splitting information and first fluorescence noise information into a main probe signal.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the miniaturized Rydberg atomic antenna device also includes a first photodetector (PD1), which is connected to the signal processing module.

[0059] Specifically, after cooling and confining the atomic gas within the FP cavity using a cryogenic magneto-optical trap module via a cooling laser and a gradient magnetic field, a miniaturized Rydberg atom detection module generates coupling light. This coupling light is used to irradiate and scan the cold atomic gas accumulated within the FP cavity, exciting a large number of atoms in the gas to Rydberg states, generating a cloud of cold Rydberg atoms. At this point, a microwave electric field can be applied to the cloud of cold Rydberg atoms within the glass vacuum cavity via a radio frequency device. Due to the influence of the microwave electric field, the large number of cold Rydberg atoms within the FP cavity undergo EIT-AT splitting (i.e., Autler-Townes splitting), resulting in a change in the observed EIT spectrum of the cold Rydberg atoms.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, after applying a microwave electric field to the cold Rydberg atom cloud in the glass vacuum cavity to induce EIT-AT splitting of the cold Rydberg atom, the miniaturized Rydberg atom detection module can further generate probe light. The probe light is used to scan the cold Rydberg atom cloud in the FP cavity to detect and acquire information on the EIT-AT splitting of the cold Rydberg atom. When the probe light completes the scan of the cold Rydberg atom cloud and passes through the glass vacuum cavity, the probe light will carry the AT splitting information of the cold Rydberg atom in the cold Rydberg atom cloud and the first fluorescence noise information to be suppressed. Since the probe light is still an optical signal at this time, it will be transmitted to the first photodetector by means of lens reflection for the convenience of subsequent signal processing.

[0061] Further, the first photodetector can convert the detected light carrying the AT splitting information and the first fluorescence noise information into a main detection signal, which is an electrical signal.

[0062] Further, the first photodetector can send the main detection signal to the signal processing module.

[0063] In some embodiments, the fluorescence collection module includes a fluorescence collection optical path and a second photodetector arranged in sequence, and the fluorescence collection optical path includes a filter and a focusing lens group arranged in sequence; wherein the fluorescence collection optical path is used to couple the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atom to the second photodetector through the filter and the focusing lens group in sequence; and the second photodetector is used to convert the fluorescence into a fluorescence noise signal.

[0064] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 the F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module includes a fluorescence collection module and at least one F-P cavity, and the fluorescence collection module includes a fluorescence collection optical path and a second photodetector (i.e. PD2) arranged in sequence. Since the optical axis direction of the F-P cavity is strictly perpendicular (i.e. orthogonal) to the propagation direction of the detection light in the Rydberg atom detection module, the F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module can also be referred to as an orthogonal F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module.

[0065] Optionally, the F-P cavity can be directly fixed on a PZT (Piezoelectric Transducer, a piezoelectric transducer used to adjust the cavity length) by means of vacuum adhesive, and then bonded to the inner wall of the glass vacuum cavity, ensuring a compact structure and avoiding blocking of the main detection light path (i.e. detection light) and other light paths (such as coupling light or MOT light).

[0066] Optionally, the F-P cavity has high reflectivity for the fluorescence wavelength generated by the atomic spontaneous emission it collects. Optionally, the free spectral range (FSR) in the F-P cavity and the mirror coating can be optimized for the fluorescence wavelength of the target atom, with the characteristics of high finesse.

[0067] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 the fluorescence collection optical path is arranged at the output end of the F-P cavity, and the fluorescence collection optical path includes a filter, a focusing lens group, and an interface for coupling the fluorescence to the second photodetector.

[0068] The center wavelength of the filter matches the fluorescence wavelength of the target atom (i.e. the atom used in the atomic gas).

[0069] After the cold Rydberg state atom cloud is excited by the coupled light, the spontaneous emission of a large number of cold Rydberg state atoms in the cold Rydberg state atom cloud is inevitable, which will cause the fluorescence generated by the spontaneous emission of the cold Rydberg state atoms in the F-P cavity. Since the F-P cavity is essentially a pair of parallel mirrors, the fluorescence generated by the spontaneous emission of the cold Rydberg state atoms will be continuously reflected in the F-P cavity and finally collected to the fluorescence collection light path at the output end of the F-P cavity.

[0070] The F-P cavity can enhance the spontaneous emission in a specific direction and a specific mode, so that the fluorescence of the atoms or ions is more concentrated in the collectable path, thereby improving the fluorescence collection efficiency.

[0071] Further, the fluorescence collection light path can sequentially couple the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms to the second photodetector through the optical filter and the focusing lens group.

[0072] Further, the second photodetector can receive the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms and convert it into a fluorescence noise signal, the fluorescence noise signal being an electrical signal, and the fluorescence noise signal carrying second fluorescence noise information.

[0073] Optionally, the second photodetector can further integrate a photomultiplier tube (PMT) or an avalanche photodiode (APD) to realize conversion and enhancement of the photoelectric signal.

[0074] In some embodiments, the center wavelength of the optical filter is the same as the wavelength of the fluorescence.

[0075] In some embodiments, the main detection signal carries AT splitting information and first fluorescence noise information, the fluorescence noise signal carries second fluorescence noise information, and the signal processing module includes a differential amplification circuit and an integrated processor; wherein the differential amplification circuit is used to perform differential operation on the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal, eliminate the first fluorescence noise information and the second fluorescence noise information, and generate a differential signal; and the integrated processor is used to perform signal processing on the differential signal based on a signal processing algorithm to eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms.

[0076] It should be noted that the main detection signal carries AT splitting information and first fluorescent noise information, the fluorescent noise signal carries second fluorescent noise information, and the first fluorescent noise information and the second fluorescent noise information are both generated based on fluorescent light generated by spontaneous emission of cold Rydberg state atoms. Since the two are collected on different light paths, that is, the first fluorescent noise information is collected on the light path of the detection light, and the second fluorescent noise information is collected on the light path perpendicular to the propagation direction of the detection light (the optical axis direction of the F-P cavity), the collection efficiencies of the fluorescent noise of the two light paths are different, which will cause differences between the first fluorescent noise information and the second fluorescent noise information collected on the two light paths, for example, the noise intensity in the first fluorescent noise information is different from the noise intensity in the second fluorescent noise information. However, since the first fluorescent noise information and the second fluorescent noise information are both generated based on the same fluorescent light, there is still a physical connection between the two, and the correlation between the two can be described and determined by a specific physical or mathematical formula, and the actual fluorescent noise generated by spontaneous emission of cold Rydberg state atoms can be derived.

[0077] Based on this, the embodiment sets a differential amplification circuit and an integrated processor in the signal processing module. When the signal processing module receives the main detection signal carrying the AT splitting information and the first fluorescent noise information and the fluorescent noise signal carrying the second fluorescent noise information, the differential amplification circuit can be used to perform differential operation on the main detection signal and the fluorescent noise signal, and the first fluorescent noise information and the second fluorescent noise information can be preliminarily eliminated according to the physical connection between the first fluorescent noise information and the second fluorescent noise information to generate a differential signal.

[0078] Further, the integrated processor internally stores various signal processing algorithms (including various noise model optimization algorithms); after the differential signal is generated, the integrated processor can run the signal processing algorithm to process the differential signal, further eliminate the fluorescent noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atom, and improve the elimination accuracy of the fluorescent noise and the inversion accuracy of the Rydberg atom antenna device to the microwave electric field.

[0079] In some embodiments, the coupling light and the detection light are optical signals subjected to Zeeman modulation and frequency-locked to atomic energy levels of the atoms.

[0080] In some embodiments, the F-P cavity includes two parallel arranged reflecting mirrors, and the two reflecting mirrors are respectively fixed to the two inner walls of the glass vacuum cavity.

[0081] The application also provides a noise double-mode suppression method. Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is one of the flowcharts of the noise double-mode suppression method provided by the application. As Figure 4As shown, the noise double-mode suppression method is applied to any one of the miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna devices described above, and the noise double-mode suppression method comprises steps S410 to S460, and each step is specifically as follows: S410: based on the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, the temperature of the atomic gas is cooled to a preset temperature threshold, cold atomic gas is generated, and the cold atomic gas is gathered into the F-P cavity.

[0082] S420: based on the Rydberg atom detection module, coupling light and probe light are generated.

[0083] S430: the cold atomic gas is scanned by using the coupling light, and the atoms in the cold atomic gas are excited to the Rydberg state to generate a cold Rydberg state atomic cloud.

[0084] S440: after applying a microwave electric field to the cold Rydberg atomic cloud in the glass vacuum cavity, the cold Rydberg atomic cloud is scanned by using the probe light to obtain information when the cold Rydberg state atom occurs EIT-AT splitting, and a main probe signal is generated.

[0085] S450: the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atom is collected to the fluorescence collection module through the F-P cavity, so that the fluorescence collection module generates a fluorescence noise signal of the fluorescence.

[0086] S460: based on the signal processing module, the main probe signal and the fluorescence noise signal are processed, and the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atom is eliminated.

[0087] For the convenience of understanding, the present application also provides one specific example of the noise double-mode suppression method. Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a flowchart of the noise double-mode suppression method provided by the present application. As Figure 5 shown, the noise double-mode suppression method of the present embodiment comprises the following steps: (1) Integrated device construction.

[0088] Specifically, the miniaturized Rydberg atom antenna device based on noise double-mode suppression comprises a vacuum-compatible integrated atomic source module, a miniaturized low-temperature magnetic optical trap (MOT) module, an F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module, a Rydberg atom detection module and a signal processing module.

[0089] The vacuum-compatible integrated atomic source module comprises a glass vacuum cavity, a gas release sheet, a getter sheet and a glass electric feedthrough interface, and the gas release sheet and the getter sheet are partially arranged in the glass vacuum cavity.

[0090] The F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module comprises an F-P cavity and a fluorescence collection module, the F-P cavity is arranged inside the glass vacuum cavity, and the fluorescence collection module is arranged at one end of the F-P cavity.

[0091] The low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, the Rydberg atom detection module and the signal processing module are arranged outside the glass vacuum cavity.

[0092] The key of the step is that the F-P cavity fluorescence suppression module and the vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module are integrated by means of vacuum adhesive in the direction perpendicular to the propagation direction of the probe light, and the direction of the optical axis of the F-P cavity is strictly perpendicular (i.e. orthogonal) to the propagation direction of the probe light by PZT adjustment.

[0093] (2) Low-temperature atom preparation.

[0094] Specifically, the temperature of the atom gas in the glass vacuum cavity is cooled to a preset temperature threshold by the cooling laser generated by the low-temperature magnetic optical trap module, cold atom gas is obtained, and the cold atom gas is trapped in the F-P cavity arranged inside the glass vacuum cavity by the gradient magnetic field.

[0095] Optionally, the preset temperature threshold is in the order of μK (microkelvin, a unit of temperature).

[0096] Further, after the gradient magnetic field is turned off, a polarization gradient and a cooling light beam can be further applied to further reduce the temperature of the atoms within a few milliseconds.

[0097] Further, a quantized magnetic field is applied to the glass vacuum cavity to stabilize the atomic quantum state in the F-P cavity, and the atomic population is directed to the target initial quantum state by resonance light pumping.

[0098] Further, by precisely regulating the atomic free flight time and the re-pumping laser intensity, a low-temperature atom cloud sample of a specific size (e.g. axial radius of about 3 mm) and a specific density (corresponding to a typical optical thickness of about 3) is prepared.

[0099] (3) Rydberg atom excitation.

[0100] On the basis of the prepared low-temperature atom cloud sample, the probe light (typical parameters: power of 500 nW, spot diameter of 100 μm) and the coupling light (typical parameters: power of 60 mW, spot diameter of 300 μm) locked at the target energy level are turned on at the same time, and the frequency of the probe light and / or the coupling light is scanned by using an acousto-optic modulator to obtain the intrinsic EIT spectrum of the cold Rydberg state atom (i.e. the EIT spectrum without applying a microwave electric field).

[0101] (4) Microwave signal irradiation.

[0102] The microwave electric field generated by the microwave signal source and radiated by the antenna will directly act on the cold atom cloud, inducing the cold Rydberg state atom to produce EIT-AT splitting.

[0103] (5) Main probe signal collection.

[0104] The main probe signal at this time is detected and collected by the probe light, and the signal contains AT splitting information reflecting the microwave electric field intensity and first fluorescent noise information.

[0105] (6) Atomic fluorescence signal collection.

[0106] By using the high synchronization rate (typical value is 10) of the F-P cavity (typical parameters: cavity length 2cm, curvature radius 2cm, beam waist 50um), the spontaneous radiation of a specific direction and a specific mode is enhanced, so that the fluorescence of atoms or ions is more concentrated in the collectable path, the fluorescence photon collection efficiency is improved, and the fluorescence output from the F-P cavity is received by the second photodetector and converted into an electric signal, i.e. fluorescent noise signal, which carries second fluorescent noise information.

[0107] (7) Fluorescent noise elimination and optimization.

[0108] The main probe signal and the fluorescent noise signal are input to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is used to perform real-time synchronous differential operation on the two signals through a differential circuit to realize preliminary deduction of the fluorescent noise, and a signal processing algorithm is run by using an integrated processor to process the differential signal, further eliminate the fluorescent noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atom, and accurately extract the AT splitting information, so as to inversely calculate the intensity of the microwave electric field.

[0109] In summary, the miniaturized cold Rydberg atom antenna device and the noise double-mode suppression method provided by the application have at least the following technical advantages compared with the prior art: (1) Efficient fluorescent noise suppression: through the F-P cavity design with the optical axis strictly orthogonal to the probe light, the fluorescence generated by the atomic spontaneous radiation of the target wavelength can be efficiently collected, the interference of the fluorescence on the main probe signal is significantly reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the measurement sensitivity of the device are improved.

[0110] (2) Double noise cooperative suppression: the low-temperature magneto-optical trap module can effectively suppress the Doppler noise caused by atomic thermal motion; the F-P cavity specifically suppresses the fluorescent noise generated by the Rydberg atom spontaneous radiation. The two technologies work together to break through the limitations of single noise suppression technology and achieve more comprehensive noise suppression effect.

[0111] (3) Miniaturization and mobility: the vacuum-compatible integrated atom source module (which can be maintained without pump) and the magneto-optical trap optical path design based on a single laser can significantly reduce the size, weight and power consumption of the device, and greatly improve the applicability of the device on mobile platforms (such as vehicle-mounted and airborne).

[0112] (4) universality and adaptability: the core integrated architecture (low-temperature magnetic optical trap and orthogonal F-P cavity) and noise suppression method (combined with differential circuit and signal processing algorithm) of the application can be applied to different atomic species (such as Rb, Cs) and different working waveband of Rydberg atom microwave sensing device, and has strong universality and adaptability.

[0113] The device embodiments described above are only schematic, wherein the units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Part or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement without creative labor.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device, characterized in that, include: Vacuum-compatible integrated atomic source module, low-temperature magneto-optical trap module, FP cavity fluorescence suppression module, Rydberg atom detection module, and signal processing module; The vacuum-compatible integrated atomic source module includes a glass vacuum chamber, a gas release plate, and a getter plate, wherein the gas release plate and the getter plate are disposed within the glass vacuum chamber; The FP cavity fluorescence suppression module includes an FP cavity and a fluorescence acquisition module. The FP cavity is disposed inside the glass vacuum cavity, and the fluorescence acquisition module is disposed at one end of the FP cavity. The low-temperature magneto-optical trap module, the Rydberg atom detection module, and the signal processing module are disposed outside the glass vacuum cavity; The gas release sheet is used to release atomic gas within the glass vacuum cavity; the getter sheet is used to adsorb some atoms in the atomic gas, so that the internal vacuum degree of the glass vacuum cavity is less than or equal to a preset vacuum degree threshold and the concentration of the atomic gas is within a preset concentration threshold range. The low-temperature magneto-optical trap module is used to cool the atomic gas to a preset temperature threshold to obtain cold atomic gas, and to gather the cold atomic gas into the FP cavity; The Rydberg atom detection module is used to generate coupling light and probe light. The optical axis of the FP cavity is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the probe light, and the propagation direction of the coupling light is opposite to the propagation direction of the probe light. The coupling light is used to excite atoms in the cold atom gas to the Rydberg state to obtain a cold Rydberg atom cloud. After applying a microwave electric field to the cold Rydberg atom cloud in the glass vacuum cavity, the probe light is used to scan the cold Rydberg atom cloud to obtain information on the EIT-AT splitting of the cold Rydberg atom and generate a main detection signal. The FP cavity is used to collect the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms into the fluorescence acquisition module; the fluorescence acquisition module is used to generate the fluorescence noise signal of the fluorescence. The signal processing module is used to eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms based on the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal.

2. The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature magneto-optical trap module includes a laser submodule and a magnetic field submodule. The laser submodule includes a laser, and the magnetic field module includes an energized coil, which is arranged around the outside of the glass vacuum cavity. The laser submodule is used to generate a cooling laser, which is used to irradiate the atomic gas to cool the temperature of the atomic gas to the preset temperature threshold, thereby obtaining the cold atomic gas. The energized coil is used to generate a gradient magnetic field, which is used to gather the cold atom gas into the FP cavity.

3. The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wavelength of the cooling laser is the same as the wavelength of the cooling transition of atoms in the atomic gas.

4. The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first photodetector, which is connected to the signal processing module; Wherein, after the cold Reedburg state atom undergoes EIT-AT splitting, the first photodetector is used to convert the detection light carrying AT splitting information and first fluorescence noise information into the main detection signal.

5. The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluorescence acquisition module includes a fluorescence collection optical path and a second photodetector arranged in sequence. The fluorescence collection optical path includes a filter and a focusing lens group arranged in sequence. The fluorescence collection optical path is used to couple the fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms to the second photodetector in sequence through the filter and the focusing lens group; The second photodetector is used to convert the fluorescence into the fluorescence noise signal.

6. The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The center wavelength of the filter is the same as the wavelength of the fluorescence.

7. The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main detection signal carries AT splitting information and first fluorescence noise information, the fluorescence noise signal carries second fluorescence noise information, and the signal processing module includes a differential amplifier circuit and an integrated processor. The differential amplifier circuit is used to perform differential operation on the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal to eliminate the first fluorescence noise information and the second fluorescence noise information, and generate a differential signal. The integrated processor is used to perform signal processing on the differential signal based on signal processing algorithms to eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg atoms.

8. The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling light and the probe light are optical signals that have been modulated and frequency-locked to the atomic energy level of the atom.

9. The miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The FP cavity includes two parallel reflectors, which are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the two sides of the glass vacuum cavity.

10. A method for dual-mode noise suppression, characterized in that, Using the miniaturized cold Rydberg atomic antenna device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the noise dual-mode suppression method comprises: Based on the low-temperature magneto-optical trap module, the temperature of the atomic gas is cooled to a preset temperature threshold to generate cold atomic gas, and the cold atomic gas is gathered into the FP cavity; Based on the Rydberg atom detection module, coupling light and probe light are generated; The cold atom gas is scanned using the coupled light, and the atoms in the cold atom gas are excited to the Rydberg state to generate a cold Rydberg state atom cloud; After applying a microwave electric field to the cold Rydberg atom cloud in the glass vacuum cavity, the probe light is used to scan the cold Rydberg atom cloud to obtain information on the EIT-AT splitting of cold Rydberg state atoms and generate a main probe signal. The fluorescence generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms is collected by the FP cavity and sent to the fluorescence acquisition module, so that the fluorescence acquisition module generates a fluorescence noise signal of the fluorescence. Based on the signal processing module, the main detection signal and the fluorescence noise signal are processed to eliminate the fluorescence noise generated by the cold Rydberg state atoms.

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