Combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle, comprising a mounting base and at least two jetting elements fixed on the mounting base. The mounting base has annular cavities spaced apart, each annular cavity equal in number to the jetting elements. Each annular cavity is connected in series via a water supply pipe formed within the mounting base and connected at one end to a water inlet. A diaphragm sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the water supply pipe. Fluid is injected into the cylindrical sealed cavity formed by the diaphragm sleeve and the inner wall of the water supply pipe. The fluid can flow within the cavity under the water pressure within the water supply pipe. This structure, through the diaphragm sleeve and fluid, can create a dynamic pressure compensation mechanism within the water supply pipe, making the water pressure difference between the inlet and outlet ends of the water supply pipe tend to be consistent. This dynamic pressure compensation mechanism can adjust in real time when the water pressure fluctuates within the water supply pipe, ensuring that each annular cavity receives a more stable water pressure, thereby reducing the difference in jetting kinetic energy among the jetting elements and improving the uniformity of sandblasting for descaling and rust removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure water jet equipment technology, and in particular to high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzles. Background Technology

[0002] High-pressure water jet blasting nozzles are key components of equipment for sandblasting, descaling, and rust removal on the surfaces of steel and other metal materials. Existing integrated high-pressure water jet blasting nozzles essentially connect multiple individual nozzles in series using a single water supply pipeline (e.g., an integrated high-pressure jetter disclosed in Chinese patent document CN208681355U). Because the water supply pipeline is relatively long, and each individual nozzle in series consumes water in real time, the water pressure gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet of the pipeline. This results in differences in the jetting kinetic energy of each nozzle, leading to uneven sandblasting and descaling of the metal surface.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the integrated high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle to reduce the difference in jet kinetic energy of each high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle, thereby improving the uniformity of sandblasting, descaling and rust removal on the surface of metal materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to reduce the difference in the jet kinetic energy of each high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle, thereby improving the uniformity of sandblasting, descaling and rust removal on the surface of metal materials.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle includes a mounting base and at least two jetting elements fixed on the mounting base. The mounting base has annular cavities spaced apart, each equal in number to the jetting elements. Each annular cavity is connected in series via a water supply pipe formed within the mounting base and connected at one end to a water inlet. A diaphragm sleeve is installed on the inner wall of the water supply pipe. Fluid is injected into the cylindrical sealed cavity formed by the diaphragm sleeve and the inner wall of the water supply pipe. The fluid can flow within the cavity under the water pressure within the water supply pipe. This structure, through the diaphragm sleeve and the fluid, enables a dynamic pressure compensation mechanism within the water supply pipe. When the water pressure at the inlet of the water supply pipeline is much higher than that at the far end, the fluid in the cavity at the inlet is squeezed by the water pressure and flows towards the far end of the pipeline, causing the cavity at the far end to expand. This reduces the diameter of the pipeline at the far end and increases the pressure on the water there. Conversely, when the pressure difference between the inlet and far ends of the water supply pipeline decreases, the squeezing force on the fluid in the cavity at the inlet weakens, and some of the fluid at the far end flows back to the inlet. This reduces the degree of expansion of the cavity at the far end, relatively increasing the diameter of the pipeline at the far end and weakening the pressure-increasing effect on the water there. In other words, the degree of expansion of the cavity at the far end of the water supply pipeline dynamically changes according to the water pressure difference between the inlet and the far end of the water supply pipeline. The fluid instantly redistributes within the sealed cavity, thereby using the diaphragm and fluid to regulate the pressurization intensity of the water at the far end of the water supply pipeline and compensate for the water pressure loss at the far end, making the water pressure difference between the inlet and the far end of the water supply pipeline tend to be consistent. This dynamic pressure compensation mechanism can make real-time adjustments when the water pressure in the water supply pipeline fluctuates, ensuring that each annular cavity obtains a more stable water pressure, thereby reducing the difference in kinetic energy of each jet component and improving the uniformity of sandblasting, descaling, and rust removal.

[0007] Two parallel water supply pipes are arranged on both sides of the annular cavity, with the middle section of one of the water supply pipes connected to the inlet. The annular cavities are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the inlet. This central water inlet design ensures a balanced distribution of high-pressure water from the center to both sides, shortening the path of the water flow to the farthest annular cavity and reducing pressure loss along the way. This mitigates the problem of gradually decreasing water pressure from the inlet to the far end to some extent. Simultaneously, the symmetrical arrangement of the annular cavities ensures that after water flows in from the middle section of the water supply pipe, it flows symmetrically from the middle to both ends of the water supply pipe, resulting in equal flow paths and consistent pressure loss at both ends. This avoids the situation where the water pressure on one side of the annular cavity is higher than the other when water is supplied from one side. Under this dual effect, the water pressure distribution in each annular cavity is more uniform, further reducing the difference in kinetic energy of the various spraying components and improving the uniformity of sandblasting, descaling, and rust removal.

[0008] The mounting base also has a settling chamber connected to the annular cavity for accommodating impurities, the settling chamber being lower than the annular cavity. Since the water in the annular cavity must enter the sand-water mixing nozzle through a water nozzle with an extremely narrow inner diameter, impurities in the water can easily clog the nozzle, affecting the smooth flow of the liquid. By providing a settling chamber, which is lower than the annular cavity, impurities entering the annular cavity can settle into the settling chamber under gravity, thus reducing the probability of impurities entering and clogging the water nozzle.

[0009] The bottom of the sedimentation chamber is sealed with a seal, and the two are detachably connected. During long-term use, impurities accumulate in the sedimentation chamber. If not cleaned, these impurities will gradually fill the chamber and flow into the annular cavity with the water, thus losing its impurity-holding function. The detachable seal allows for periodic opening of the sedimentation chamber to clean impurities without disassembling the entire mounting base, reducing maintenance difficulty and workload. After cleaning, the sedimentation chamber continues to perform its impurity settling function, ensuring long-term water cleanliness and preventing nozzle blockage due to impurity accumulation, thereby ensuring the uniformity of sandblasting, descaling, and rust removal during long-term equipment operation.

[0010] The annular cavity and the sedimentation cavity are connected by a spiral channel, with the inlet end of the spiral channel aligned with the tangential direction of the water flow within the annular cavity. The spiral channel is a helical passage resembling a snail shell, hence its name. The inlet end of the spiral channel connects to the annular cavity, and its outlet end connects to the sedimentation cavity. The inlet end of the spiral channel is higher than its outlet end to guide impurities located higher in the annular cavity into the lower sedimentation cavity. The spiral channel design utilizes the centrifugal force of the water flow within the annular cavity to efficiently throw heavier impurities tangentially into the sedimentation cavity, enhancing impurity separation and reducing impurity residue within the annular cavity. This reduces the probability of impurity accumulation leading to nozzle blockage.

[0011] At the intersection of the annular cavity and the water supply pipeline, the projection along the axial direction of the water supply pipeline is such that the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavity is larger than that of the water supply pipeline, and the cross-sectional projection of the water supply pipeline lies within the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavity. This cross-sectional design prevents water flow from directly impacting the outer area of ​​the annular cavity, thereby reducing the pressure drop of the water flow, ensuring that high-pressure water is evenly distributed to each annular cavity, and ensuring that each nozzle connected to the annular cavity receives relatively uniform and stable high-pressure water. This guarantees that the pressure of the sand-water mixture sprayed from each sand-water mixing nozzle is basically consistent, thereby reducing the difference in cleaning effect between different areas of the surface to be cleaned.

[0012] The membrane sleeve is made of an elastic material. This elasticity gives the membrane sleeve excellent deformation capability. When the water pressure in the water supply pipeline changes (e.g., the inlet water pressure increases while the distal water pressure decreases), the membrane sleeve can adaptively adjust the volume of each part of the cavity through elastic deformation: when the inlet water pressure increases, the membrane sleeve is compressed and contracts, pushing the fluid in the cavity towards the distal end; when the distal water pressure decreases, the membrane sleeve elastically rebounds, pushing the fluid in the cavity towards the inlet. This adaptive adjustment capability is more efficient than that of a non-elastic membrane sleeve, and can more accurately compensate for water pressure loss along the water supply pipeline, ensuring uniform water pressure in each annular cavity and further reducing the difference in jet kinetic energy of the jetting components.

[0013] The spraying component includes a sand supply pipe and a sand-water mixing nozzle, which are coaxially arranged with the annular cavity and fixed on the mounting base. The sand supply pipe is connected to the sand-water mixing nozzle, and the sand-water mixing nozzle is connected to the annular cavity via a water nozzle formed in the mounting base. Both the sand supply pipe and the sand-water mixing nozzle are designed to be detachable, allowing for individual replacement when components are damaged, facilitating maintenance.

[0014] The annular cavity has an open upper end, and the spraying component also includes a cap that can be detachably sealed to the open upper end of the annular cavity. The open design, combined with the detachable cap, facilitates maintenance personnel to visually inspect and clean the interior of the annular cavity. The operation is convenient, eliminating the need for large-scale disassembly of the mounting base, reducing maintenance complexity, and facilitating routine maintenance and troubleshooting of the equipment.

[0015] The sand supply pipe is detachably connected to the mounting base or gland. During long-term use, the sand supply pipe may experience blockages or wear; its detachable connection makes replacement, maintenance, and cleaning of the sand supply pipe more convenient and quick. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a side view of a combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle.

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of AA (excluding the sprayed parts);

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of BB;

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of water flow inside the mounting base (arrows represent water flow);

[0023] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of CC.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram (partial, perspective) of the mounting base.

[0025] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0026] 1. Mounting base; 11. Annular cavity; 12. Water supply pipeline; 13. Inlet; 131. Filter screen; 14. Membrane sleeve; 15. Fluid; 16. Sedimentation chamber; 17. Seal; 18. Spiral channel; 19. Water tap; 10. Limiting shoulder;

[0027] 2. Spraying component; 21. Sand supply pipe; 211. Shoulder; 22. Sand-water mixing nozzle; 221. Locking component; 222. Wear-resistant nozzle; 223. Transition cone; 224. Second clamping nut; 23. Pressure cap; 231. Base plate; 232. Connecting platform; 233. First clamping nut. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example

[0030] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, in this embodiment, the high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle assembly includes a rectangular plate-shaped mounting base 1. In the mounting base 1, six annular cavities 11 are formed at intervals along its length. Each annular cavity 11 is connected in series by two parallel straight water supply pipes 12 formed in the mounting base 1. The two water supply pipes 12 are arranged on both sides of the annular cavity 11 and intersect with the annular cavity 11. At the intersection of the annular cavity 11 and the water supply pipe 12, the projection along the axial direction of the water supply pipe 12 is larger than the projection of the cross-section of the annular cavity 11 than the projection of the cross-section of the water supply pipe 12, and the projection of the cross-section of the water supply pipe 12 is located within the projection of the cross-section of the annular cavity 11. Specifically, the centerline 1a of the annular cavity 11 is tangent to the centerline 1b of the water supply pipe 12. At the intersection of the annular cavity 11 and the water supply pipe 12, the central axis of the water supply pipe 12 is located at the geometric center of the rectangle formed by the bottom surface, inner wall, outer wall and top surface of the annular cavity 11. That is, the central axis of the water supply pipe 12 is H / 2 away from the bottom surface and the top surface of the annular cavity 11 (where H is the vertical depth of the annular cavity 11), and the central axis of the water supply pipe 12 is (D1) / 2 + (D2-D1) / 4 away from the central axis of the annular cavity 11 (where D1 is the diameter of the inner wall of the annular cavity 11 and D2 is the diameter of the outer wall of the annular cavity 11). Furthermore, the orifice diameters φd of the two water supply pipes 12 are equal and smaller than the vertical depth and lateral width of the annular cavity 11 (i.e. φd < H and φd < (D2-D1) / 2). In the middle of the mounting base 1, a horizontally extending water inlet 13 is formed. This water inlet 13 is vertically connected to the middle of a water supply pipe 12. Annular cavities 11 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the water inlet 13. Water flowing into the water inlet 13 is diverted to both ends of one water supply pipe 12 and flows into the other water supply pipe 12 through the annular cavity 11. This creates a vortex within the annular cavity 11, allowing centrifugal force to throw impurities towards the volute 18 (the water flow is as follows). Figure 7 (As shown). Specifically, a filter screen 131 is installed at the inlet end of the water inlet 13, and threads for connecting an external high-pressure water inlet pipe are formed on its outer wall.

[0031] Each annular cavity 11 is fixed with a jetting element 2. The jetting element 2 includes a sand supply pipe 21 and a sand-water mixing nozzle 22, which are coaxially arranged with the annular cavity 11 and fixed on the mounting base 1. The sand supply pipe 21 is configured as a straight tubular structure, with its inlet end protruding from the upper surface of the mounting base 1 and its outlet end penetrating the mounting base 1 and inserting into the inner cavity of the sand-water mixing nozzle 22. The top of the mounting base 1 is flat, and the upper end of the annular cavity 11 is open. Six pressure caps 23 are installed on the top of the mounting base 1, and each pressure cap 23 seals one annular cavity 11. A sealing ring is clamped between the top surface of the mounting base 1 and the bottom surface of the pressure cap 23, at the inner and outer walls of the annular cavity 11. Specifically, the pressure cap 23 includes a rectangular base plate 231 that fits against the upper surface of the mounting base 1. A columnar connecting platform 232 protrudes upward from the middle of the base plate 231 and the connecting platform 232. A channel adapted to the sand supply pipe 21 is formed in the center of the base plate 231 and the connecting platform 232, and the outer wall of the connecting platform 232 is threaded. In order to limit the movement of the base plate 231 in the front and rear directions, a limiting shoulder 10 is formed on each of the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the mounting base 1. The base plate 231 is clamped in the gap between the two limiting shoulders 10. Furthermore, the base plate 231 and the mounting base 1 are fixed by four bolts evenly surrounding the annular cavity 11. The upper section of the sand supply pipe 21 is formed with a shoulder 211, which fits against the top of the connecting platform 232, and a sealing ring is clamped between the two. A first clamping nut 233 is threaded onto the outside of the connecting platform 232. The first clamping nut 233 pushes the shoulder 211 to press against the top of the connecting platform 232. In other embodiments, the upper end of the annular cavity 11 can also be closed, in which case there is no need to provide a pressure cap 23. In this case, the sand supply pipe 21 is directly connected to the mounting base 1.

[0032] The sand-water mixing nozzle 22 includes a locking member 221 detachably fixed to the lower side of the mounting base 1. The locking member 221 is a hollow rotating structure and is threadedly connected to a connecting hole formed on the lower side of the mounting base 1. A wear-resistant nozzle 222 is detachably mounted on the inner side of the locking member 221. A transition cone 223 is clamped in the gap formed between the wear-resistant nozzle 222 and the mounting base 1. The transition cone 223 is a cylindrical rotating structure with a hollow cone-shaped inner side. Specifically, a second clamping nut 224 is threaded onto the lower section of the locking member 221. The second clamping nut 224 abuts against the lower end of the wear-resistant nozzle 222. Under the push of the second clamping nut 224, the wear-resistant nozzle 222 squeezes the transition cone 223. Furthermore, a sealing ring is also clamped between the locking member 221 and the second clamping nut 224. Furthermore, the middle section of the locking element 221 protrudes outward in a hexagonal prism shape to facilitate disassembly and assembly.

[0033] Four water nozzles 19 are uniformly formed along the circumference of the annular cavity 11 on the mounting base 1. One end of each water nozzle 19 is connected to the annular cavity 11, and the other end is connected to the inner cavity of the sand-water mixing nozzle 22. The center lines of each water nozzle 19 converge at a point or on a straight line. The water nozzle 19 can be a drilled hole on the mounting base 1, or it can be an independent structure embedded in the mounting base 1.

[0034] In this embodiment, an elastic membrane sleeve 14 is provided on the inner wall of the water supply pipe 12. The membrane sleeve 14 is made of rubber. Fluid 15 is injected into the cylindrical sealed cavity formed by the membrane sleeve 14 and the inner wall of the water supply pipe 12. The fluid 15 can flow in the cavity under the action of water pressure in the water supply pipe 12. The mounting base 1 is also formed with a sedimentation chamber 16 connected to the annular cavity 11 for accommodating impurities. The sedimentation chamber 16 is lower than the annular cavity 11. The bottom end of the sedimentation chamber 16 is sealed by a sealing element 17, and the two are detachably connected. The annular cavity 11 and the sedimentation chamber 16 are connected by a spiral channel 18. The input end of the spiral channel 18 is basically consistent with the tangential direction of the water flow in the annular cavity 11.

[0035] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Combined high-pressure water jet and sandblasting nozzle, comprising a mounting base (1) and at least two nozzle elements (2) fixed to the mounting base (1), characterized in that: The mounting base (1) is spaced and formed with annular cavities (11) in an amount equal to the spray elements (2), each of the annular cavities (11) is connected in series with a water supply pipeline (12) which is formed in the mounting base (1) and has one end connected in communication with a water inlet (13), the inner wall of the water supply pipeline (12) is provided with a membrane sleeve (14), a cylindrical sealing cavity formed between the membrane sleeve (14) and the inner wall of the water supply pipeline (12) is filled with a fluid (15), the fluid (15) can flow in the cavity under the action of water pressure in the water supply pipeline (12); Two parallel water supply pipelines (12) are arranged on both sides of the annular cavity (11), and the middle section of one of the water supply pipelines (12) is connected in communication with the water inlet (13); each annular cavity (11) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the water inlet (13); The mounting base (1) is further formed with a sediment cavity (16) connected in communication with the annular cavity (11) for accommodating impurities, and the sediment cavity (16) is lower than the annular cavity (11); The bottom end of the sediment cavity (16) is blocked by a sealing element (17), and the two are connected in a detachable manner; The annular cavity (11) and the sediment cavity (16) are connected in communication through a volute (18), the input end of the volute (18) is consistent with the tangential direction of the water flow in the annular cavity (11); At the intersection of the annular cavity (11) and the water supply pipeline (12), the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavity (11) is larger than the cross-sectional projection of the water supply pipeline (12), and the cross-sectional projection of the water supply pipeline (12) is located within the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavity (11).

2. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The membrane sleeve (14) is made of an elastic material.

3. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray element (2) includes a sand supply pipe (21) coaxially arranged with the annular cavity (11) and fixed on the mounting base (1), and a sand-water mixing nozzle (22), the sand supply pipe (21) is connected in communication with the sand-water mixing nozzle (22), and the sand-water mixing nozzle (22) is connected in communication with the annular cavity (11) through a water nozzle (19) formed in the mounting base (1).

4. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that The upper end of the annular cavity (11) is open, and the spray element (2) further includes a gland (23) which detachably seals the open upper end of the annular cavity (11).

5. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that The sand supply pipe (21) is detachably connected with the mounting base (1), or the sand supply pipe (21) is detachably connected with the gland (23).

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