Magnetic suspension rotor device based on magnetic repulsive force stable lift force

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic suspension rotor device based on magnetic repulsive force stable lift force. The magnetic suspension aircraft driving system comprises a rotor wing stator assembly and a rotor wing rotor assembly which are coaxially arranged. The rotor wing rotor assembly comprises a radial rotor iron ring and an axial iron ring; the rotor stator assembly comprises an axial / radial bearing and a bearing magnetic ring; the paddle is connected with the rotor assembly through a paddle ring, and a force transmission magnetic ring is arranged at the bottom of the paddle ring; when the lift force of the blades is increased, the distance between the force transmission magnetic ring and the bearing magnetic ring is reduced, the magnetic repulsive force is enhanced, and the lift force is transmitted to the stator assembly; meanwhile, the axial electromagnet and the rotor iron ring form closed-loop control, and a constant suspension air gap is maintained. The problem of suspension instability caused by lift fluctuation in a traditional system is solved through non-contact magnetic force transmission, and the flight reliability is improved. The device is reasonable in design, simple in structure and high in practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of magnetic levitation aircraft drive systems, and relates to a magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern aircraft technology, the rotor system, as the core power component of an aircraft, directly determines flight safety, control precision, and mission execution efficiency through its lift stability. As equipment such as UAVs and low-altitude aircraft develop towards lightweight, long-endurance, and high-reliability designs, the traditional mechanical contact transmission mode of rotor systems is gradually becoming insufficient to meet the demands of complex operating conditions. Magnetic levitation technology, with its advantages of non-contact operation, low friction, and rapid response, provides a new technological path to overcome the performance bottlenecks of traditional rotors, becoming one of the current research hotspots in the aerospace field.

[0003] Currently, the technological development of rotor systems presents two main paths: On the one hand, traditional rotor systems achieve power transmission and attitude control through mechanical bearings, and their lift generation depends on the interaction between the blades and the air. While the technology is mature, it has inherent limitations. On the other hand, magnetic levitation rotor technology uses electromagnetic force to levitate and drive the rotor, significantly reducing mechanical wear and demonstrating potential in some applications. Existing magnetic levitation rotors primarily focus on improving levitation accuracy by optimizing the layout of electromagnetic coils and control algorithms to reduce radial and axial offsets, but they still adhere to traditional design approaches in terms of dynamic lift control. However, all of the above-mentioned technical approaches have obvious drawbacks: traditional rotor systems suffer from lag in force transmission due to mechanical contact, and component wear accumulates over time, which can easily lead to lift fluctuations. Especially in scenarios such as sudden changes in flight speed and airflow disturbances, lift stability drops sharply, and may even lead to suspension instability. Although existing magnetic levitation rotors reduce mechanical friction, they lack a targeted lift compensation mechanism, and the bearing structure does not form a coordinated control system between the iron ring and the electromagnetic coil. This makes it difficult to maintain rotor attitude stability when lift changes dynamically, resulting in insufficient positioning accuracy and limited operational reliability, which seriously restricts their application in high-precision missions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion to stabilize lift, which solves the problem of suspension instability caused by lift fluctuations through a collaborative structure of "magnetic repulsion lift compensation + multi-dimensional magnetic control", while improving the attitude control accuracy and operational reliability of the system.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to the present invention includes a blade drive unit, a stator unit connected below the blade drive unit, a suspension drive unit connected below the stator unit, and a bottom support unit connected below the suspension drive unit.

[0006] The blade drive unit includes, from top to bottom, blades, blade rings, and blade connecting parts in axial order. The blades are circumferentially fixed to the outer circumference of the blade rings, and the blade rings are coaxially fixed to the blade connecting parts. A force-transmitting magnetic ring is embedded in the lower part of the blade rings.

[0007] Furthermore, the stator unit is installed below the blade connection and includes, in axial order from top to bottom, a bearing magnetic ring, a wear-resistant gasket, and a stator base;

[0008] The load-bearing magnetic ring and the force-transmitting magnetic ring are opposite each other with the same pole, and a gap is provided between them.

[0009] Furthermore, the suspension drive unit includes, from top to bottom, an upper radial bearing, a permanent magnet motor, and a lower radial bearing in axial order, and gaps are reserved between each component;

[0010] The upper radial bearing and the lower radial bearing each include, from top to bottom, a protective bearing, a magnetic ring (wound iron coil) of an outer coil, and a six-degree-of-freedom bearing (radial bearing);

[0011] Heat insulation pads are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the permanent magnet motor, and permanent magnet Halbach array magnetic rings (permanent magnets) containing built-in coils are evenly arranged inside them.

[0012] The upper radial bearing, lower radial bearing, and permanent magnet motor are separated by a heat insulation pad to maintain the thermal stability of the system and improve operational reliability.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom support unit is installed below the lower radial bearing and includes an axial bearing, an axial iron ring, and a base; the base provides rigid support for the overall structure.

[0014] A high-strength rotor is mounted on the base, which includes a blade drive unit, a stator unit, a suspension drive unit, and a bottom support unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the axial bearing and the axial iron ring cooperate to form an axial force sensing and control unit; the radial bearing, in turn, protects the bearing and the magnetic ring of the outer winding coil (winding iron coil) cooperate to form a radial force sensing and control unit, together realizing the closed-loop attitude control of the rotor assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, a displacement sensor is installed inside the radial bearing.

[0017] Furthermore, the opposing magnetic poles of the bearing magnetic ring and the force-transmitting magnetic ring are both N poles or both S poles.

[0018] Furthermore, the permanent magnet Halbach array magnetic ring (permanent magnet) is fixed to the rotor shaft of the high-strength rotor through a magnetic ring retainer, and together with the built-in coil, forms a rotational power transmission structure to achieve efficient rotor drive.

[0019] Furthermore, the protective bearing is sleeved on the outside of the magnetic ring of the outer winding coil (iron winding coil), and contacts the rotor components to limit the offset when the system is abnormal, thus playing a mechanical protection role.

[0020] Furthermore, in the radial bearing, the magnetic ring of the outer coil and the six-degree-of-freedom bearing form a radial magnetic control unit, which detects radial offset through a sensor to achieve real-time control of the radial force; the axial bearing and the axial iron ring form an axial magnetic control unit, and the displacement signal of the axial iron ring is collected by a sensor and fed back to the controller to adjust the electromagnetic force output of the axial bearing.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner ring diameter of the protective bearing is larger than the outer diameter of the high-strength rotor, so there is no contact when the system is normally suspended. Only when the magnetic control unit fails and causes the radial offset to exceed the limit, the displacement is limited by mechanical contact to avoid collision damage to the core components.

[0022] Furthermore, the rotor component (high-strength rotor) of the rotor is made of carbon fiber composite material to achieve lightweight and high strength; the stator unit and base are made of aluminum alloy frame to ensure rigidity and support stability.

[0023] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant features: 1. Solving the problem of levitation instability: Non-contact transmission of lift is achieved through magnetic repulsion, avoiding the force transmission lag and wear caused by traditional mechanical contact. At the same time, the characteristic of magnetic repulsion changing with the distance is used to dynamically compensate for lift fluctuations, significantly improving levitation stability; 2. Improving attitude control accuracy: The axial and radial magnetic control units form a collaborative closed-loop control. Combined with the flexibility of the six-degree-of-freedom bearing, it can respond to rotor offset in real time, ensuring attitude stability when lift changes dynamically, and significantly improving positioning accuracy; 3. Enhancing operational reliability: The protective bearing provides mechanical protection in case of system abnormalities, avoiding collision damage to core components; the design of heat insulation pads and wear-resistant pads reduces thermal impact and wear, extending the service life of the system; 4. Structural optimization and lightweighting: The rotor components are made of carbon fiber composite materials, and the stator and base are made of high-strength materials such as aluminum alloy and gray cast iron, achieving lightweighting while ensuring rigidity, and adapting to long-endurance requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the stator unit in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3This is a top view of the radial bearing in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a side view of the radial bearing in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a top view of the permanent magnet motor in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a side view of the axial bearing in this invention;

[0030] In the diagram, 1. Force transmission magnetic ring, 2. Bearing magnetic ring, 3. Radial bearing, 4. Permanent magnet motor, 5. Axial bearing, 6. Base, 7. High-strength rotor, 8. Wear-resistant pad, 9. Displacement sensor, 10. Iron winding coil, 11. Protective bearing, 12. Permanent magnet, 13. Blade, 14. Heat insulation pad. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0032] As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a magnetic levitation rotor structure based on magnetic repulsion for stable lift, which is composed of a blade drive unit, a stator unit, a suspension drive unit and a bottom support unit, etc. All components are connected in series as an integrated system through a rotor ring rotor (high-strength rotor 7), eliminating mechanical bearings and using magnetic levitation force to achieve support and power transmission.

[0033] The blade transmission unit includes blades 13, blade rings, and blade connecting parts, with a force-transmitting magnetic ring 1 embedded below the blade ring.

[0034] The stator unit includes a load-bearing magnetic ring 2, wear-resistant gaskets, and a rotor stator;

[0035] The suspension drive unit includes a six-degree-of-freedom radial bearing (radial bearing 3), a wound iron coil 10, a protective bearing 11, and a permanent magnet brushless motor (permanent magnet motor 4).

[0036] The bottom support unit includes an axial bearing 5 and a base 6, etc.

[0037] The blades 13 are made of carbon fiber composite material, consisting of two blades, which are symmetrically distributed 180° along the outer circumference of the blade ring. They are fixed to the blade ring by M5 high-strength bolts (fixed to the blade ring to ensure lightweight and high strength), and the bolt preload is controlled at 25-30 N·m.

[0038] The blade ring is made of aluminum alloy, with a force-transmitting magnetic ring embedded in the lower part and four annular weight-reducing grooves on the side to reduce its own weight, thereby reducing the load on the suspension drive unit and improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0039] The force-transmitting magnetic ring 1 is made of N38 neodymium iron boron material and is embedded in the groove with epoxy resin to be coaxially fixed with the blade connection part, so as to realize the transmission of lift and magnetic control connection; after curing, it maintains a concentricity of ≤0.02mm with the blade ring.

[0040] The top end of the blade connection is interference-fitted with the center hole of the blade ring, and the bottom end is splined to the high-strength rotor 7, realizing the seamless transmission of rotational power.

[0041] The wear-resistant pad 8 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which avoids direct contact between the magnetic ring and the aluminum alloy base, thus preventing wear and improving structural durability.

[0042] The force-transmitting magnetic ring 1 and the load-bearing magnetic ring 2 are opposite each other with the same pole (the magnetic poles on the opposite surfaces are both N poles or both are S poles); the dynamic compensation of lift is achieved by using magnetic repulsion; when the lift of the blade 13 increases, the distance between the force-transmitting magnetic ring 1 and the load-bearing magnetic ring 2 decreases, the magnetic repulsion is enhanced, and the lift is transmitted to the stator assembly.

[0043] The load-bearing magnetic ring 2 is fixed to the stator base by a stainless steel bracket with a height error of ≤0.03mm to ensure the horizontality of the magnetic ring.

[0044] The protective bearing 11 is made of silicon nitride ceramic material, and its inner ring diameter is 0.5mm larger than the outer diameter of the rotor iron ring. It only plays a protective role by limiting the offset through mechanical contact when the system is abnormal. The magnetic ring of the outer winding coil and the six-degree-of-freedom bearing form a radial magnetic control unit. The radial offset is detected by the sensor to realize the real-time control of the radial force.

[0045] The magnetic ring (iron coil 10) of the winding coil is made of enameled copper wire with a wire diameter of 0.2mm, 2000 turns, and a resistance of 15±0.5Ω.

[0046] The radial bearing 3 is a six-degree-of-freedom bearing, and its material is silicone rubber.

[0047] The inner and outer rings of the radial bearing 3 are rounded (R2mm) to prevent cracking due to stress concentration during assembly.

[0048] The inner and outer diameters of the heat insulation pad 14 must be completely matched with the mounting contours of the upper and lower end faces of the permanent magnet motor 4. The corresponding dimensional error of the heat insulation pad 14 is ≤ ±0.1mm, ensuring that it covers all heat-generating areas of the motor (the heat concentration areas of the coil and the permanent magnet 12).

[0049] To maintain system thermal stability, the permanent magnet brushless motor (permanent magnet motor 4) is equipped with heat insulation pads 14 at both the upper and lower ends. The upper and lower heat insulation pads 14 are made of ceramic fiber material with a thickness of 0.3mm. They contain permanent magnet Halbach array magnetic rings with built-in coils. The permanent magnet Halbach array magnetic rings (permanent magnets 12) of the permanent magnet motor 4 are composed of 24 magnets spliced ​​together. The magnetization directions of adjacent magnets differ by 90°. They are fixed to the rotor shaft by titanium alloy magnetic ring retainers to form a high-efficiency rotational power transmission structure.

[0050] The built-in coil (iron coil 10) is made of enameled copper wire with a wire diameter of 0.5mm. It is distributed in a three-phase star connection with 300 turns per phase and a resistance of 8±0.3Ω. When working, it is supplied with 380V AC to generate a rotating magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnetic field of the Halbach array magnetic ring (permanent magnet 12) to form a driving torque.

[0051] The axial bearing 5 and the axial iron ring cooperate to form an axial force sensing and control unit. The displacement signal of the axial iron ring is collected by the sensor 9 and fed back to the controller to adjust the electromagnetic force output of the axial bearing, thereby realizing axial attitude control.

[0052] The base 6 is made of gray cast iron HT300 and is fixed by four M12 anchor bolts. The flatness of the upper surface is ≤0.03mm, ensuring that the coaxiality with the high-strength rotor 7 is ≤0.1mm.

Claims

1. A magnetically levitated rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift, characterized in that, It includes a blade drive unit, a stator unit connected below the blade drive unit, a suspension drive unit connected below the stator unit, and a bottom support unit connected below the suspension drive unit. The blade transmission unit includes, from top to bottom, blades (13), blade rings and blade connecting parts in axial order. The blades (13) are circumferentially fixed to the outer periphery of the blade rings. The blade rings and blade connecting parts are coaxially fixed. A force-transmitting magnetic ring (1) is embedded in the lower part of the blade rings.

2. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator unit is installed below the blade connection and includes, in axial order from top to bottom, a bearing magnetic ring (2), a wear-resistant gasket (8), and a stator base; The load-bearing magnetic ring (2) and the force-transmitting magnetic ring (1) are opposite each other with the same pole, and a gap is provided between them.

3. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspension drive unit includes, from top to bottom, an upper radial bearing, a permanent magnet motor (4) and a lower radial bearing, with gaps reserved between each component. The upper radial bearing and the lower radial bearing each include a protective bearing (11), a winding coil (10) and a radial bearing (3) from top to bottom; Heat insulation pads (14) are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the permanent magnet motor (4), and permanent magnets (12) with built-in coils are evenly arranged inside them. The upper radial bearing, the lower radial bearing and the permanent magnet motor (4) are separated by a heat insulation pad (14).

4. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom support unit is installed below the lower radial bearing and includes an axial bearing (5), an axial iron ring, and a base (6). A high-strength rotor (7) is mounted on the base (6) that passes through the blade drive unit, stator unit, suspension drive unit and bottom support unit.

5. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axial bearing (5) and the axial iron ring cooperate to form an axial force sensing and control unit.

6. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 3, characterized in that, A displacement sensor (9) is installed inside the radial bearing (3); The protective bearing (11) and the magnetic ring of the wound iron coil (10) cooperate to form a radial force sensing and control unit.

7. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opposing magnetic poles of the bearing magnetic ring (2) and the force transmitting magnetic ring (1) are both N poles or both S poles.

8. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 4, characterized in that, The permanent magnet (12) is fixed to the rotor shaft of the high-strength rotor (7) through a magnetic ring retainer, and forms a rotational power transmission structure in conjunction with the built-in coil.

9. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective bearing (11) is sleeved on the outside of the magnetic ring of the winding coil (10).

10. The magnetic levitation rotor device based on magnetic repulsion stabilizing lift according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner ring diameter of the protective bearing (11) is larger than the outer diameter of the high-strength rotor (7).

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