Cable laying system and cable guiding device used by same

Abstract

The invention aims at providing a cable laying system and a cable guiding device used by the cable laying system aiming at the requirement that cables need to be regularly laid on a running line in the cable laying system, so that the cables can be regularly laid and fall on the running line in the laying process, and the cable guiding device used by the cable laying system comprises a cable guiding frame. A plurality of guide wheels are arranged on the cable guide frame, the center lines of the guide wheels are arranged on the cable guide frame from top to bottom, when a cable is tangent to the guide wheels, the guide wheels support the cable through the same side of the guide wheels, and the cable is guided to the lower guide wheel from the upper guide wheel. The tangent points of the guide wheels and the cable are sequentially away from the vertical plane located on the tangent point side from top to bottom, by the adoption of the cable laying system and the cable guiding device of the structure, the cable is prevented from swinging greatly in the laying process, the cable on the working site is prevented from being messy, the cable is laid in order, and safety accidents are reduced or prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of port mobile loading and unloading equipment communication, and particularly relates to a cable laying system and a cable guiding device used therein. Background Art

[0002] The automation of port mobile equipment cannot do without cables such as optical cables and electric cables. For the laying of cables, in the prior art, a mobile trolley is used to pull the cable reel back and forth. When laying cables in this way, the cable routing is not neat, and during the wiring process, the cable is often too tight or too loose, resulting in messy cables at the work site, bringing certain potential safety hazards to production safety. At the same time, during the cable retraction process, due to the messy state of the cables, it is easy to cause downtime during cable retraction. Therefore, a cable laying system has been developed, and using this system, the cables can be laid on the running line according to the expected route. In this cable laying system, a cable guiding device is used to guide cables such as optical fibers, so that the cables can be laid neatly on the line while being laid. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cable laying system and a cable guiding device used therein for the requirement that the cable laying system needs to lay the cables neatly on the running line, so that the cables can be neatly laid on the running line while being laid during the laying process.

[0004] The technical solution for the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: The cable guiding device used in the cable laying system includes a cable guiding frame, and a plurality of guiding wheels are arranged on the cable guiding frame. The center lines of each guiding wheel are arranged from top to bottom on the cable guiding frame. When the cable is tangent to the guiding wheel, each guiding wheel supports the cable on the same side. The cable is led from the upper guiding wheel to the lower guiding wheel, and the tangent points of each guiding wheel and the cable are successively away from the vertical plane on the tangent side from top to bottom; The cable rack includes two relatively arranged guard plates, and each guiding wheel is rotatably arranged between the two guard plates; the included angle between the tangent line of the cable and the lowest guiding wheel and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 45 degrees; the guiding radii of each guiding wheel for the cable are the same, and the center connection lines of each guiding wheel form an arc; there are at least three guiding wheels, the included angle between the arc formed by connecting the centers of each guiding wheel and the horizontal line is less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the cable is led out from the lowest guiding wheel for laying; It includes a first guiding wheel group and a second guiding wheel group. The first guiding wheel group is located above the cable guiding frame and includes a pair of parallel guiding wheels one. The second guiding wheel group includes two parallel guiding wheels two. The second guiding wheel group and the first guiding wheel group are arranged up and down. The axles of the first guiding wheel group and the second guiding wheel group are perpendicular to each other, and their plane projections form a structure with a "mouth" character. The axis of the second guiding wheel group is parallel to the axis of the guiding wheel, and the cable passes through the "mouth" space formed by the first guiding wheel group and the second guiding wheel group and is tangent to the guiding wheel; Two sets of guide wheels are installed on the protective plate. The two sets of guide wheels are symmetrical about the vertical section about the midpoint of the line connecting the two centers of the two guide wheels. One set of guide wheels guides the cable. A swing arm is hinged to one side of the guard plate via a hinge shaft. At least one swing arm guide wheel is rotatably mounted on the swing arm below the hinge shaft along the length of the swing arm. The swing arm guide wheel is located between the two guard plates. A cable passes around the swing arm guide wheel from the same side of each swing arm guide wheel. The tension of the cable drives the swing arm to swing towards the guide wheel side. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the guard plate to match the position of the swing arm guide wheel. The swing arm and the swing arm guide wheel are respectively located on both sides of the guard plate. The swing arm guide wheel shaft is located in the arc-shaped groove. When the swing arm swings, the swing arm guide wheel shaft swings in the arc-shaped groove. The swing arm guide wheel is fixedly connected to the swing arm via a guide wheel connecting rod. When two or more guide wheel connecting rods are provided, the distance between the swing arm guide wheels on the lower guide wheel connecting rod increases sequentially. When the swing arm swings to the maximum swing angle, the swing arm guide wheel and each guide wheel are tangent to the cable. Swing arm guide wheels are provided at both ends of the guide wheel connecting rod. The swing arm guide wheels are arranged in pairs at both ends of the guide wheel connecting rod. Each of the guide wheels in the two sets of guide wheels is arranged in pairs. The paired guide wheels and the swing arm guide wheels are symmetrical about the swing arm in its natural hanging state. The cable guiding device also includes a cable tension monitoring device, which includes the swing arm, the swing arm guide wheel, and the swing arm amplitude detector. The swing arm amplitude detector detects the swing amplitude of the swing arm. When the swing amplitude of the swing arm exceeds the set range, the swing arm amplitude detector uploads alarm information. The swing arm amplitude detector is one of an angular displacement sensor, a photoelectric switch, or a contact switch. A swing arm triggering element is set on the swing arm. When the swing amplitude of the swing arm reaches a set amplitude, the swing arm triggering element activates the swing arm amplitude detector. When the swing arm is in a natural hanging state, the swing arm triggering element activates the swing arm amplitude detector to issue an alarm signal. When the swing arm amplitude detector is one of an electric switch or a contact switch, the swing arm triggering element is arc-shaped and bisected by the swing arm, and is set above the hinge shaft.

[0005] A cable laying system includes a cable guide device used in the above-mentioned cable laying system, and also includes a mobile equipment and a drum installed on the mobile equipment. The cable is wound on the drum, the cable guide frame is located below the drum, the guide wheel is arranged parallel to the drum, and the cable is guided by the guide wheel after being led down from the drum.

[0006] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The cable laying system and cable guiding device using the structure of this invention, because the tangent points of the cable and each guide wheel are sequentially moved away from the vertical plane located on the side of the tangent point from top to bottom, the cable can be turned from vertical to horizontal under the guidance of the guide wheel, so that the cable can be smoothly placed on the ground or support platform, preventing large swings of the cable during the laying process, preventing the cable from being messy at the work site, making the cable laying neat, and reducing or preventing the occurrence of safety accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cable guiding device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The right view; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the specific practical application of the cable guiding device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another usage state of the cable guiding device; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cable guide device in the swing state of the swing arm; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cable tightness detection device of the present invention.

[0008] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1-Cable, 101-Reel, 300-Cable guide device, 301-Cable guide frame, 3011-Guard plate, 302-Guide wheel group one, 3021-Guide wheel one; 303-Guide wheel group two, 3031-Guide wheel two, 304-Guide wheel.

[0009] 400-Mobile Equipment 700-Cable tension monitoring device, 701-Swing arm, 702-Swing arm guide wheel, 703-Hinge shaft, 704-Guide wheel connecting rod, 705-Swing arm trigger element, 706-Swing arm amplitude detector, 707-Arc groove Detailed Implementation

[0010] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. These embodiments are merely descriptive and not limiting, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The following orientations are only according to… Figure 1 The description is based on the location.

[0011] like Figure 1-6As shown, the cable laying system of this embodiment uses a cable guide device including a cable guide frame 301. The cable guide frame can adopt various structures, such as two opposing frames or mesh panels, a single frame or mesh panel, or a flat plate. The preferred cable guide frame of this invention includes two opposing guard plates 3011, with multiple guide wheels 304 rotatably arranged between the two guard plates. The two ends of each guide wheel are rotatably connected to the corresponding side guard plate. The axles of each guide wheel are arranged parallel vertically. In the top-to-bottom direction, the tangent points between each guide wheel and the cable are sequentially moved away from the vertical plane ee located on the side of the tangent point. Preferably, the angle between the cable and the horizontal plane when the cable leaves the lowermost guide wheel is less than or equal to 45 degrees. Thus, after being guided by the guide wheels, the cable changes from vertical to horizontal. Preferably, regardless of whether the cable is tangent to all guide wheels, it is led out through the lowermost guide wheel. A second guide wheel assembly 303 is located above the guide wheel at the upper end of the guard plate. The second guide wheel assembly consists of two guide wheels 3031 arranged side-by-side at the same height, with their axles parallel to the guide wheels. A first guide wheel assembly 302 is located above the top of the guard plate. The first guide wheel assembly consists of two parallel guide wheels 3021, with their axles horizontally positioned and perpendicular to the axles of the second guide wheels. The planar projections of the first and second guide wheel assemblies form a "well" or "square" structure. Preferably, the two guide wheels are tangentially arranged, and the planar projections of the first and second guide wheel assemblies form an "I" structure. The "I" structure is actually a variation of the "square" structure, formed by merging two guide wheels tangentially into one. In a preferred embodiment, there are three or more guide wheels, and the lines connecting the tangent points of each guide wheel, guide wheel 2, and cable 1 form an arc. This disperses the pressure of the cable on the guide wheels and guide wheels 2, and also disperses the pressure on the cable body, extending the cable's lifespan. Ideally, the guide radii of all guide wheels and guide wheel two should be equal, and their centers should form an arc with an angle of less than or equal to 45 degrees between the arc and the horizontal tangent. The guide radius of guide wheels and guide wheel two refers to the radius of the point where the guide wheel or guide wheel two is tangent to the cable.

[0012] The cable guiding device of the present invention is used in a cable laying system. The cable laying system includes a mobile equipment 400, a reel 101, and the cable guiding device used in the cable laying system of the present invention. The mobile equipment 400 includes a vehicle body, a cable guide frame, and a reel, both mounted on the vehicle body. The cable guide frame is located below the reel, and the cable is wound onto the reel. The reel is used to take in or release the cable. A second set of guide wheels is arranged parallel to the axis of the reel, while a first set of guide wheels is located below the side surface of the reel, allowing the cable to enter the first set of guide wheels substantially vertically. The lower end of the cable passes through the first set of guide wheels, then through the second set of guide wheels, and is then led out along the same side surface of each guide wheel, achieving a substantially straight state. The two ends of the cable are respectively connected to a central control system on the ground side and an electrical control device on the mobile equipment side. Thus, the equipment on the mobile equipment can be connected to the central control system on the ground side via the cable, allowing the central control system on the ground side to control the electrical control device on the mobile equipment side. Both ends of the cable are pre-connected to the central control system on the ground side and the control device on the mobile equipment side, respectively. When the mobile equipment moves from the dock side to the ship side, it travels along the designated line at a certain speed, and the drum releases the cable at a certain speed. Since the planar projections of guide wheel group one and guide wheel group two form a "well" shape, the cable is limited, ensuring that the cable released from the drum is released from a relatively fixed position. This makes the cable release speed compatible with the moving speed of the mobile equipment. After the cable is released, it falls onto the support surface and is laid along the running trajectory of the mobile equipment. The laying is not messy; for example, when the mobile equipment travels in a straight line, the cable is laid in a straight line. When the two guide wheels are tangentially set, the cable is limited in the forward direction between the two guide wheels after being released from the drum, preventing the cable from shaking after entering the cable guiding device, thus allowing the cable to be laid more smoothly.

[0013] Preferably, two sets of guide wheels 4 are arranged between the two protective plates, and the two sets of guide wheels 4 and the corresponding guide wheels 2 on the opposite side are symmetrical with respect to the vertical cross-section passing through the midpoint of the line connecting the centers of the two guide wheels 2. This design structure has three advantages: firstly, when the cable is only wound or extended in one direction, such as... Figure 3 As shown, when one set of guide wheels wears out, the cable guide frame can be rotated 180 degrees to replace it with another set of guide wheels. Another advantage is that, as... Figure 4 As shown, when using a cable reversing method on the running line, it can be used in conjunction with cable reversing. For example, when moving in the same direction as the arrow, the left set of reversing wheels is used; after reversing at a fixed point, the right set of reversing wheels is used, achieving two-way operation with the same device. The third advantage is that the symmetrically arranged guide wheel sets and the side guards form a closed spatial channel. The cable passes through this spatial channel and is limited by the side guards and guide wheel sets, preventing the cable from being blown away by the wind and becoming unstable due to its light weight in strong winds.

[0014] Another better solution is to use a swing arm guide wheel assembly, which includes a swing arm 701 and a swing arm guide wheel 702. The upper end of the swing arm 701 is hinged to the guard plate via a hinge shaft, and the lower end is the free swing end. At least one swing arm guide wheel is provided along the length of the swing arm, and the swing arm guide wheel 702 is rotatably connected to the swing arm. The swing arm guide wheel is located between the two guard plates, and the swing arm guide wheel and the guide wheel are located on the same side of the cable. With this structure, during operation, the cable passes around the swing arm guide wheels from the same side of each swing arm guide wheel. When the cable tension is moderate, the swing arm guide wheel moves away from its natural vertical position and swings towards the other fixed end of the cable opposite to the fixed end of the drum. When the cable is relatively tight, it pulls the swing arm to swing towards the other end of the cable opposite to the fixed end of the drum. When a certain tension is reached, the cable is tangent to each guide wheel and the swing arm guide wheel. At this time, the cable reaches its tightest state, and the swing arm swings to its maximum swing angle. After setting up the aforementioned swing arm guide wheel assembly, the swing arm's position is not fixed during operation. It swings under the tension of the cable, and the swing arm and guide wheels provide gravity to the cable. Therefore, the cable can maintain a certain tension, which helps keep the cable straight and prevents it from floating when laying thin optical cables in the wind. When the swing arm swings in the middle, the cable can be tangent to part of the guide wheels and swing arm guide wheels, guiding the cable to be laid along the set running line. When the swing reaches the maximum swing angle, the cable can contact each guide wheel, which can further increase the support force on the cable. In a further improved embodiment, at least one guide wheel connecting rod 701 is set below the hinge shaft of the swing arm. The guide wheel connecting rod is fixedly connected to the swing arm through its middle part. At least one swing arm guide wheel 702 is rotatably set at both ends of the guide wheel connecting rod 701. Preferably, the center line connecting the two ends of the guide wheel connecting rod is perpendicular to the vertical center line of the swing arm. When two or more guide wheel linkages are used, the length of the free-moving upward and downward swing wheel guide rods increases sequentially. When the swing arm swings to its maximum swing angle, each swing arm guide wheel and each guide wheel is tangent to the cable. With this structure, during cable laying, the swing arm guide wheels primarily support and tension the cable. The lowest guide wheel guides the cable laterally close to the running line, ensuring a relatively straight cable laying. During cable movement, the swing arm guide wheels provide tension, preventing cable accumulation and ensuring a smooth operation. The optimal design position is for each guide wheel and swing arm guide wheel to be tangent to the cable, with the swing arm guide wheels providing tension pressure and each guide wheel and swing arm guide wheel providing uniform support, resulting in smooth and stable cable movement.

[0015] Preferably, the swing arm guide wheel and the swing arm are located on opposite sides of the guard plate, with the swing arm guide wheel positioned between the two guard plates. At least one arc-shaped groove 707 is provided on the guard plate below the hinge shaft. The number and position of the arc-shaped grooves are adapted to the number and position of the swing arm guide wheels, allowing the axle of each swing arm guide wheel to be located within the arc-shaped groove and swing within it. Preferably, when the swing arm is in its natural vertical position, the swing arm bisects the arc-shaped groove. When two or more arc-shaped grooves are included, they are arranged vertically. The function of each arc-shaped groove is to provide space for the swing arm guide wheel axle connecting the swing arm guide wheel and the swing arm to pass through when the swing arm and the swing arm guide wheel are located on opposite sides of the guard plate, thus providing room for the swing arm guide wheel to swing.

[0016] In a more preferred embodiment, a cable tension monitoring device is installed to monitor the cable tension and prevent cable stacking or excessive tightness. In addition to the aforementioned swing arm and swing arm guide wheel, the cable tension monitoring device also includes a swing arm amplitude detector. The swing arm amplitude detector detects the magnitude of the swing arm's swing amplitude. When the swing arm's swing amplitude exceeds a set range, the swing arm amplitude detector uploads an alarm signal. The swing arm amplitude detector 706 can be a contact switch, a photoelectric switch, or an angular displacement sensor; a contact switch or photoelectric switch is preferred. A swing arm trigger element 705 is installed on the swing arm, corresponding to the position of the swing arm amplitude detector 706. When the swing arm's swing amplitude is less than a certain angle and / or greater than a certain angle, the swing arm trigger element can activate the swing arm amplitude detector 706, causing it to upload an alarm signal. In this invention, the cable's most relaxed state is typically defined as when the swing arm is naturally vertical. At this point, the cable loses its supporting force on the swing arm guide wheel, meaning it loses tension. In this state, the swing arm trigger element 705 activates the swing arm amplitude detector 706 to upload alarm information. Due to the complex working environment in port communication cable installations, a mechanical contact switch is preferred as the swing arm amplitude detector 706. The swing arm trigger element 705 is located at the upper end of the swing arm, above the hinge shaft. Ideally, it should have a semi-circular cap-shaped structure, with the swing arm bisecting the arc of the trigger element. With this structure, the swing arm trigger element 705 can trigger the contact switch when the swing arm is vertical, but not in other positions. This simplifies tension detection and ensures reliability.

[0017] During installation, the cable is routed around one side of a set of swing arm guide rollers. When the cable is taut, the swing arm guide rollers apply pressure to the cable. Figure 3Taking the cable laying direction shown as an example, when the cable is taut, the swing arm swings to the right under the cable tension. When the cable is slack, the swing arm swings back to the left. As the speed of cable release and the moving speed of the mobile device change, the swing arm swings, and the swing arm trigger element swings. When the cable becomes slack to a certain extent, the swing angle of the swing arm decreases to a certain angle, and the swing arm amplitude detector uploads an alarm message. Practical experience has shown that when the swing arm has a certain swing angle, the swing arm guide wheel continuously provides clamping force to the cable, resulting in a certain tension in the cable. This tension continues until the cable becomes too slack, causing the swing arm to droop naturally. At this point, the swing arm guide wheel disengages from the cable, causing the cable to stack. Therefore, in actual production practice, the swing arm in its naturally drooping position is set as the alarm position. At this time, the swing angle of the swing arm is 0 degrees, and the swing arm amplitude detector uploads an alarm message.

[0018] In this invention, the swing arm and swing arm guide wheel not only guide the cable but also serve as part of the cable tension monitoring device. The cable tension can be monitored and a signal can be sent simply by adding a swing arm amplitude detector, making the entire cable guiding device simple in structure and reliable and stable in operation.

[0019] In this invention, the mobile equipment can be a rail-mounted gantry crane, a quay crane, or a mobile belt conveyor.

Claims

1. A cable guiding device used in a cable laying system, characterized in that: It includes a fairlead, on which a plurality of guide wheels are provided. The center lines of the guide wheels are arranged from top to bottom on the fairlead. When the cable is tangent to the guide wheels, each guide wheel supports the cable on the same side thereof. The cable is led from the upper guide wheel to the lower guide wheel, and the tangent points of each guide wheel and the cable are sequentially away from the vertical plane on the tangent side in the direction from top to bottom.

2. The cable guide device used in the cable laying system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cable rack described above includes two relatively arranged guard plates, and each guide wheel is rotatably arranged between the two guard plates; the included angle between the tangent line of the cable and the lowest guide wheel and the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 45 degrees; the guiding radii of each guide wheel for the cable are the same, and the center connection lines of each guide wheel form an arc; there are at least three guide wheels, the included angle between the arc formed by connecting the centers of each guide wheel and the horizontal line is less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the cable is led out and laid from the lowest guide wheel.

3. The cable guide device used in the cable laying system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a first guide wheel group and a second guide wheel group. The first guide wheel group is located above the fairlead and includes a pair of parallel first guide wheels. The second guide wheel group includes two parallel second guide wheels. The second guide wheel group and the first guide wheel group are arranged vertically. The axles of the first guide wheel group and the second guide wheel group are perpendicular to each other, and their plane projections form a structure with a "mouth" shape. The axis of the second guide wheel group is parallel to the axis of the guide wheel. The cable passes through the "mouth" space formed by the first guide wheel group and the second guide wheel group and is tangent to the guide wheel.

4. The cable guide device used in the cable laying system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Two groups of guide wheels are provided on the guard plate, and the two groups of guide wheels are symmetric about the vertical section passing through the midpoint of the center connection line of the two second guide wheels, and one group of guide wheels is used to guide the cable.

5. The cable guide device used in the cable laying system as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: On one side guard plate, a swing arm is hinged and connected through a hinge shaft. At least one swing arm guide wheel is rotatably arranged along the length direction of the swing arm below the hinge shaft. The swing arm guide wheel is located between the two side guard plates. The cable bypasses the swing arm guide wheel from the same side of each swing arm guide wheel, and the tension of the cable drives the swing arm to swing towards the guide wheel side.

6. The cable guide device used in the cable laying system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: An arc-shaped groove is provided on the guard plate at a position adapted to the swing arm guide wheel. The swing arm and the swing arm guide wheel are arranged on both sides of the guard plate respectively. The swing arm guide wheel shaft is located in the arc-shaped groove, and the swing arm guide wheel shaft swings in the arc-shaped groove when the swing arm swings.

7. The cable guide device used in the cable laying system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The swing arm guide wheel is fixedly connected to the swing arm through a guide wheel connecting rod. When there are more than two guide wheel connecting rods, the distances between the swing arm guide wheels on the lower guide wheel connecting rod increase in sequence. When the swing arm swings to the maximum swing angle, the swing arm guide wheel and each guide wheel are all tangent to the cable; Both ends of the guide wheel connecting rod are provided with swing arm guide wheels. The described swing arm guide wheels are arranged in pairs at both ends of the guide wheel connecting rod. Each of the guide wheels of the two groups of guide wheels is arranged in pairs, and the paired guide wheels and swing arm guide wheels are each symmetric about the swing arm in the natural hanging state.

8. The cable guide device used in the cable laying system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The cable guiding device further includes a cable tightness monitoring device. The cable tightness monitoring device includes the swing arm, the swing arm guide wheel and a swing arm swing amplitude detector. The swing arm swing amplitude detector detects the size of the swing amplitude of the swing arm. When the swing amplitude of the swing arm exceeds the set interval, the swing arm swing amplitude detector uploads an alarm message.

9. The cable guide device used in the cable laying system as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The swing arm amplitude detector is one of an angular displacement sensor, a photoelectric switch, or a contact switch. A swing arm triggering element is set on the swing arm. When the swing amplitude of the swing arm reaches a set amplitude, the swing arm triggering element activates the swing arm amplitude detector. When the swing arm is in a natural hanging state, the swing arm triggering element activates the swing arm amplitude detector to issue an alarm signal. When the swing arm amplitude detector is one of an electric switch or a contact switch, the swing arm triggering element is arc-shaped and bisected by the swing arm, and is set above the hinge shaft.

10. A cable laying system, characterized in that: The cable guiding device used in the cable laying system according to any one of claims 1-9 further includes a mobile device, a drum mounted on the mobile device, the cable being wound on the drum, the cable guide frame being located below the drum, the guide wheel being arranged parallel to the drum, and the cable being guided by the guide wheel after being led downward from the drum.

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