A device for removing emerging contaminants from water

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for removing new pollutants from water. It includes at least one adsorption unit, comprising a first adsorption module and a second adsorption module arranged in parallel. The first adsorption module includes an activated carbon adsorption module, whose inlet and outlet ends are directly connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, respectively. The second adsorption module includes a cation exchange resin adsorption module, whose inlet and outlet ends are independently connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, respectively. A flow distribution device is provided between the parallel flow paths of the first and second adsorption modules to distribute the proportion of water entering the first and second adsorption modules. The device for removing new pollutants from water in this application is suitable for water treatment of various types of new pollutants and has the advantages of long service life and stable adsorption capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water environment management technology, and in particular to a device for removing new pollutants from water. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of industrialization and human production and life, new pollutants such as endocrine interferons, antibiotics, and perfluorinated compounds have emerged in the aquatic environment, posing potential risks to ecosystems and human health.

[0003] The three types of new pollutants exhibit significant differences in physicochemical properties: endocrine interferons often contain polar groups, have complex molecular structures, and are diverse; antibiotic molecules frequently carry active groups such as amino and carboxyl groups, making them prone to complexing with substances in water; and perfluorinated compounds possess strong hydrophobicity, high surface energy, and unique intermolecular forces. These differences in properties result in them existing in different forms in water, such as dissolved and colloidal states, greatly increasing the difficulty of targeted removal.

[0004] Currently, adsorption has become the core technology for removing new pollutants from water due to its ease of operation, low cost, and suitability for low-concentration pollutants. However, existing equipment suffers from significant technical drawbacks, including short lifespan, unstable adsorption capacity, and low adsorption efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, developing water treatment equipment that is adaptable to various new pollutants and has stable and efficient performance has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of water environment management. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention discloses an apparatus for removing new pollutants from water, thereby solving the aforementioned technical problems existing in related art apparatuses for removing new pollutants from water.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] This application provides an apparatus for removing new pollutants from water, including at least one adsorption unit, which includes a first adsorption module and a second adsorption module arranged in parallel.

[0009] The first adsorption module includes an activated carbon adsorption module, whose inlet and outlet ends are directly connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, respectively.

[0010] The second adsorption module includes a cation exchange resin adsorption module, whose inlet and outlet ends are independently connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, respectively.

[0011] A flow distribution device is provided between the parallel flow paths of the first adsorption module and the second adsorption module to distribute the proportion of water flow entering the first adsorption module and the second adsorption module.

[0012] The technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The device for removing new pollutants from water provided in this application utilizes activated carbon's high adsorption capacity for endocrine interferon and antibiotics in its first adsorption module, primarily targeting these two types of pollutants. The second adsorption module primarily utilizes cation exchange resin's high adsorption capacity for perfluorinated compounds, also primarily targeting perfluorinated compounds. This device is suitable for treating multiple types of new pollutants. While ensuring water treatment effectiveness and controlling equipment operating costs, it can maximize the adsorption capacity of both the first and second adsorption modules simultaneously, balancing their processing capabilities as much as possible. This significantly reduces the frequency of backwashing, lowers equipment wear, and improves operating efficiency and economy. Specifically, it has the following advantages:

[0014] (1) The device for removing new pollutants from water provided in this application, under the condition of stable pollutant concentration, can make the activated carbon adsorption module in the first adsorption module and the cation exchange resin adsorption module in the second adsorption module reach the adsorption limit at the same time by pre-adjusting the flow rate of the first adsorption module and the second adsorption module (e.g., allocating a reasonable amount of treated water according to the adsorption rate and capacity characteristics of the activated carbon adsorption module and the cation exchange resin adsorption module for the target pollutant). This allows the capacity of both types of adsorbents to be fully utilized in a single adsorption cycle, avoiding the problem of "idle capacity of a single module", significantly improving the utilization rate of adsorbent resources and avoiding the waste of adsorbent resources.

[0015] (2) The device for removing new pollutants from water provided in this application only requires "synchronous backwashing" or "synchronous replacement" of the first and second adsorption modules when both reach their adsorption limits. There is no need to over-operate one module to match the state of the other. For example, it is unnecessary to forcibly backwash the cation exchange resin adsorption module, which still has remaining capacity, when the activated carbon adsorption module is saturated, thus avoiding capacity decay due to frequent rinsing. It is also unnecessary to replace the saturated activated carbon module prematurely when the cation exchange resin adsorption module is not yet saturated. This "synchronous operation and maintenance" mode minimizes excessive backwashing / replacement losses, effectively reduces unnecessary adsorbent losses, and effectively extends the service life of both types of adsorption modules.

[0016] (3) The device for removing new pollutants from water provided in this application adopts a first adsorption module and a second adsorption module set in parallel, which can achieve synchronous saturation of the two modules, thereby achieving precise matching of the "adsorption-operation and maintenance" cycle: during the adsorption stage, the two modules operate simultaneously and efficiently, avoiding the decrease in treatment capacity caused by premature saturation of one module; during the operation and maintenance stage, the two modules are shut down synchronously for backwashing or replacement, which greatly shortens the single operation and maintenance time, reduces interference with the overall treatment process, and ensures the continuity of the adsorption process. In addition, synchronous saturation can avoid the unbalanced state of "some modules saturating and leaking while some modules are still adsorbing", ensuring that both types of modules are always in an effective adsorption state throughout the entire adsorption cycle, thereby maintaining stable effluent water quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline connection of a single adsorption unit in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disposable activated carbon adsorption column and the reusable activated carbon adsorption column in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of replacing the disposable activated carbon adsorption column in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] In the diagram: 10, Adsorption unit; 101, Reusable activated carbon adsorption column; 102, Disposable activated carbon adsorption column; 103, Cation exchange resin adsorption column; 20, Inlet pipe; 30, Outlet pipe; 40, Processor; 50, Mounting frame; 60, Housing; 70, Adsorption core rod; 80, Fixing end. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0025] In related technologies, the mainstream solutions for adsorption treatment of new pollutants in water are mainly divided into two categories: one is to directly mix two adsorbent materials, and the other is to combine two adsorbent materials in series to achieve stepwise adsorption.

[0026] From the perspective of the series-connected scheme, since the water flow needs to pass through different adsorption columns sequentially, there is inevitably a distinction between "adsorption columns that come into contact with wastewater first" and "adsorption columns that come into contact with wastewater later." For the adsorption columns that operate first, they must take priority in bearing the adsorption load of pollutants, and are prone to rapid decline in adsorption capacity due to problems such as impurity blockage and competitive adsorption. This not only significantly reduces their own adsorption efficiency and capacity, but also directly leads to a shortened service life of the entire adsorption unit 10, a reduction in overall treatment efficiency, and a decrease in total adsorption capacity. More importantly, organic matter that is not completely retained by the preceding adsorption columns (such as humic acid carried by the effluent from the activated carbon adsorption column) will enter the subsequent adsorption columns with the water flow, causing a "poisoning" effect on them. Typically, humic acid blocks the pores of resin adsorption columns, further weakening the performance of subsequent adsorption columns. The mixed scheme also has obvious drawbacks: the adsorption materials (such as resin and activated carbon particles) will undergo physical friction due to water flow disturbance in the mixed state. The resin particles are easily worn by the activated carbon particles, resulting in a significant loss of their ion exchange capacity.

[0027] Meanwhile, the difficulty in removing three new target pollutants—endocrine interferons, antibiotics, and perfluorinated compounds—stems primarily from their inherent characteristics: first, their chemical structures are highly stable, making them difficult to decompose using traditional processes; second, while their concentrations in water are low, their toxicity is high, making precise retention difficult with conventional treatment methods; and third, they exhibit strong resistance to traditional water treatment processes, limiting their treatment efficiency. The significant differences in their physicochemical properties (e.g., endocrine interferons contain polar groups and have complex structures, antibiotics have active groups that easily complex, and perfluorinated compounds are highly hydrophobic) further increase the technical challenge of simultaneous removal. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop adsorption treatment devices capable of simultaneously addressing these three new pollutants.

[0028] Furthermore, existing adsorption devices commonly face the problem of "asynchronous saturation of adsorption columns" when actually treating these three types of new pollutants: when one type of adsorption column reaches its adsorption limit and can no longer retain pollutants, another type of adsorption column still retains a significant amount of remaining adsorption capacity and does not fully utilize its capabilities. During subsequent replacement or backwashing maintenance, to match the processing rhythm of the saturated adsorption columns, the unsaturated adsorption columns are forced to undergo backwashing, which easily leads to "over-backwashing." This not only shortens the lifespan of the unsaturated adsorption columns but also causes a continuous decline in their adsorption efficiency and single-batch adsorption capacity, further exacerbating equipment wear and tear.

[0029] Therefore, this application provides a device for removing new pollutants from water. The following is in conjunction with the appendix... Figures 1 to 4 The present application provides a detailed description of a device for removing new pollutants from water through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0030] This application provides an apparatus for removing new pollutants from water, including at least one adsorption unit 10, which includes a first adsorption module and a second adsorption module arranged in parallel.

[0031] The first adsorption module includes an activated carbon adsorption module, whose inlet and outlet ends are directly connected to the water inlet pipe 20 and the water outlet pipe 30, respectively.

[0032] The second adsorption module includes a cation exchange resin adsorption module, whose inlet and outlet ends are independently connected to the water inlet pipe 20 and the water outlet pipe 30, respectively.

[0033] A flow distribution device is provided between the parallel flow paths of the first adsorption module and the second adsorption module to distribute the proportion of water flow entering the first adsorption module and the second adsorption module.

[0034] In some embodiments, the flow distribution device includes a first electrically controlled regulating valve located at the water inlet of the first adsorption module and a second electrically controlled regulating valve located at the water inlet of the second adsorption module.

[0035] The device also includes an intelligent distribution system, which includes a processor 40. The processor 40 acquires water quality data from the outlet of the first adsorption module, the outlet of the second adsorption module, and the inlet of the adsorption unit 10. Based on the water quality data, it adjusts the opening of the first and second electric regulating valves to control the water flow distribution ratio between the first and second adsorption modules. It can be understood that after acquiring inlet water quality data and the water quality data from the outlets of the first and second adsorption modules in real time, the processor 40 can dynamically adjust the opening of the first and second electric regulating valves based on the acquired water quality data. When the inlet water quality fluctuates or the pollutant concentration in the outlet water of a certain adsorption module increases (approaching saturation), the water flow distribution ratio can be adjusted in a timely manner to prevent a sudden drop in adsorption capacity due to a sudden increase in load on a single adsorption module, thus maintaining a stable overall adsorption capacity. Dynamic water flow distribution ensures that both adsorption modules are always in the high-efficiency adsorption range, preventing a single adsorption module from being idle due to insufficient load or prematurely failing due to excessive load, thereby improving the overall adsorption efficiency. In terms of service life, precise control avoids overloading of the modules and reduces performance degradation caused by excessive backwashing, extending the service life of the modules. Water quality data can be obtained directly through existing water quality monitoring equipment, or it can be input directly through a human-computer interaction interface.

[0036] In some embodiments, the intelligent distribution system further includes a first water quality monitoring device located at the water inlet of the adsorption unit 10;

[0037] A second water quality monitoring device is installed at the liquid outlet of the first adsorption module;

[0038] A third water quality monitoring device is installed at the liquid outlet of the second adsorption module;

[0039] The processor 40 is electrically connected to a first electric regulating valve, a second electric regulating valve, a first water quality monitoring device, a second water quality monitoring device, and a third water quality monitoring device. It is understood that the first water quality monitoring device monitors the influent water quality of the adsorption unit 10; the second water quality monitoring device monitors the effluent water quality at the outlet of the first adsorption module; and the third water quality monitoring device monitors the effluent water quality at the outlet of the second adsorption module. The processor 40 receives water quality data monitored by the first, second, and third water quality monitoring devices and dynamically adjusts the opening of the first and second electric regulating valves based on the water quality data to control the water flow distribution ratio between the first and second adsorption modules. For the selection of the first, second, and third water quality monitoring devices, existing monitoring equipment capable of simultaneously and in real-time monitoring the concentrations of endocrine interferons, antibiotics, and perfluorinated compounds in wastewater can be selected.

[0040] In some embodiments, the intelligent allocation system further includes:

[0041] A first outflow velocity sensor is installed at the water outlet of the first adsorption module;

[0042] A second outflow velocity sensor is installed at the water outlet of the second adsorption module;

[0043] The processor 40 is electrically connected to the first effluent velocity sensor and the second effluent velocity sensor, respectively. It is understood that the effluent velocity is an indirect reflection of the adsorption state within the adsorption module (e.g., the flow rate may decrease when adsorption approaches saturation). The first and second effluent velocity sensors monitor the effluent flow rates of the two adsorption modules in real time. The processor 40 combines the flow rate data with water quality data for comprehensive regulation. When the flow rate of a certain adsorption module changes abnormally (e.g., a sudden drop in flow rate indicates possible blockage or saturation), the water flow distribution can be adjusted in a timely manner to prevent the adsorption capacity from decreasing due to increased blockage, thus maintaining stable adsorption capacity. Simultaneously, changes in flow rate provide early warning of abnormal states in the adsorption module (e.g., blockage), preventing excessive wear and tear on the adsorption module due to delayed handling, reducing backwashing frequency, and extending the service life of the adsorption module. Furthermore, a stable flow rate ensures continuous and efficient adsorption, indirectly improving adsorption efficiency.

[0044] In some embodiments, the intelligent allocation system further includes:

[0045] A first flow sensor is installed at the water inlet end of the first adsorption module;

[0046] A second flow sensor is installed at the water inlet end of the second adsorption module;

[0047] The processor 40 is electrically connected to the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, respectively. It is understood that the first and second flow sensors accurately monitor the actual water flow entering the two adsorption modules. The processor 40 calibrates the opening of the first and second electric regulating valves based on the flow data and water quality data. This prevents discrepancies between the actual flow and the preset value due to deviations in the opening of the first and second electric regulating valves, ensuring accurate water flow distribution and allowing the two adsorption modules to always operate at optimal load. This prevents a decrease in adsorption capacity due to excessive flow or idle adsorption efficiency due to insufficient flow in one adsorption module, maintaining stable adsorption capacity and improving adsorption efficiency. Simultaneously, precise flow control prevents the adsorption modules from bearing additional load due to flow fluctuations, reducing performance degradation and indirectly extending service life.

[0048] In some embodiments, the activated carbon adsorption module in the first adsorption module includes at least one of a disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 and a reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101.

[0049] In some embodiments, when the activated carbon adsorption module in the first adsorption module uses a disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 and a reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101, the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 and the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 are connected in series along the direction of water flow. It can be understood that, from the perspective of water flow path and adsorption logic, the wastewater to be treated will first flow through the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 and then enter the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101. In this process, the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102, as a pre-adsorption structure, will preferentially contact the pollutants in the wastewater (including target new pollutants and impurities in the water). Its activated carbon pores will first trap most of the suspended impurities, large molecular organic matter (such as humic acid), and some high-concentration target pollutants, which is equivalent to establishing a "pretreatment barrier" for the subsequent reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101. The reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 contacts wastewater that has been preliminarily purified by the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102. The content of pollutants in the water (especially impurities that easily clog pores and high-concentration pollutants) has been significantly reduced. Therefore, the total amount of pollutants adsorbed and the amount of impurities accumulated in the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 are less than those in the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102. From the perspective of the state when the first adsorption module is saturated, when the entire first adsorption module reaches saturation (i.e., the concentration of the target pollutant in the effluent is close to the concentration in the influent), it means that the adsorption sites of the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 have been basically occupied, and there may be a lot of impurities clogging the pores (high degree of pollution). Although the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 also reaches saturation, due to the pre-retention effect, there are fewer impurities accumulated in its pores. The adsorbed pollutants are mainly "target pollutants after preliminary screening", and the overall degree of pollution (impurity clogging and pollutant accumulation) is lower than that of the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102. This difference in pollution level aligns with the design logic of "disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 serving as a pretreatment stage, and reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 focusing on deep adsorption." This ensures overall adsorption efficiency and provides better conditions for the subsequent regeneration (backwashing) of reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 (less impurities result in more thorough regeneration and better recovery of adsorption performance after regeneration), thus extending the service life of reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101.

[0050] In some embodiments, the second adsorption module further includes an activated carbon adsorption module disposed in series downstream of the cation exchange resin adsorption module; the activated carbon adsorption module in the second adsorption module uses a disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 or a reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101. It is understood that this embodiment is suitable for situations where the content of endocrine interferon and antibiotics is relatively low.

[0051] In some embodiments, both the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 and the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 include a housing 60 and an adsorption core 70 disposed within the housing 60. Both ends of the adsorption core 70 are detachably connected to the housing 60 via fixing ends 80, such as through snap-fit ​​or threaded connection. It is understood that the detachable connection between the adsorption core 70 and the housing 60 allows for replacement of only the core 70, rather than the entire column, when it becomes saturated or fails. This avoids wear and tear on the housing 60 due to frequent replacements, extends the lifespan of the housing 60, and reduces overall equipment material waste. Furthermore, replacing the adsorption core 70 does not require disassembling complex piping, significantly shortening downtime and preventing a decrease in adsorption efficiency due to prolonged downtime. When replacing the adsorption core rod 70, simply remove the fixed ends 80 from both ends of the adsorption core rod 70, then push the new adsorption core rod 70 into the housing 60 from one end. The saturated adsorption core rod 70 will be pushed out of the housing 60 by the pushing force of the new adsorption core rod 70. Finally, connect the fixed ends 80 to the housing 60 to complete the replacement of the one-time activated carbon adsorption column 102.

[0052] In some embodiments, the housing 60 is a straight pipe structure, with an inlet and an outlet at each end. It is understood that the straight pipe structure of the housing 60 allows for a stable laminar flow of water within the housing 60, eliminating water stagnation or short-circuiting caused by bends or dead angles. This ensures that wastewater is evenly and fully contacted with the adsorption core 70, reducing adsorption blind zones and improving adsorbent utilization. Furthermore, the stable water flow velocity prevents the adsorption core 70 from becoming prematurely saturated due to excessive impact or idle due to insufficient water flow, ensuring a consistent overall adsorption rate and maintaining a stable output of adsorption capacity per unit time. Simultaneously, the straight pipe structure facilitates smooth water penetration of the core during backwashing, reducing impurity residue, allowing for more thorough cleaning of reusable cores, slower performance degradation, and indirectly extending the lifespan of the cores, reducing the frequent replacement problems caused by incomplete cleaning in existing equipment.

[0053] In some embodiments, the adsorption unit 10 is one or more sets; when multiple sets of adsorption units 10 are used, the multiple sets of adsorption units 10 are arranged in parallel or in series. Understandably, when using a parallel setup, one set of adsorption units 10 can meet the needs of small-scale water treatment, avoiding equipment idleness and waste. When the volume of water to be treated increases, multiple sets in parallel can simultaneously improve the overall treatment capacity, and each set of units maintains the highly efficient adsorption combination of "activated carbon + cation exchange resin," without sacrificing the adsorption efficiency of a single set due to increased water volume. Furthermore, multiple sets in parallel form "redundancy protection." If the adsorption capacity of one set of adsorption units 10 decreases due to local water quality fluctuations, other adsorption units 10 can normally take over the load, avoiding a sudden increase in the overall effluent concentration. At the same time, the flow distribution of each set of adsorption units 10 can be adjusted to ensure that each adsorption module is in the optimal adsorption state, maintaining a stable overall adsorption capacity. In addition, multiple sets in parallel support "rotational operation and maintenance." When one set of adsorption units 10 needs backwashing or module replacement, the operation of that set of adsorption units 10 can be suspended, while other adsorption units 10 continue to work, without the need for a complete machine shutdown. This reduces equipment downtime losses and avoids shortening the module life due to excessive operation of a single set of adsorption units 10, significantly extending the continuous operation cycle of the overall equipment. When arranged in series, the adsorption units 10 can achieve step-by-step deep treatment. Through the sequential action of multiple sets of "activated carbon + cation exchange resin", the wastewater to be treated is progressively purified as it flows through each adsorption unit 10. Pollutants that are not completely adsorbed by the previous adsorption unit 10 can be further treated by the subsequent units, thereby improving the overall purification depth and treatment accuracy. This structure can form a targeted division of labor. The series arrangement can form a "gradient indicator" through the changes in the adsorption state of each unit, which makes it easy to judge the overall adsorption process and saturation level by the performance difference between the units before and after, providing a more accurate reference for operation and maintenance. In addition, when a certain set of adsorption units 10 needs maintenance, it can be short-circuited or bypassed by switching the flow path, which can ensure the basic operation of the system to a certain extent and take into account both treatment continuity and maintenance needs.

[0054] In some embodiments, the device further includes a mounting frame 50 on which the adsorption unit 10 is mounted.

[0055] In some embodiments, each of the adsorption units 10 includes a disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102, a reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101, and a cation exchange resin adsorption column 103; wherein, the adsorption unit 10 is configured with the following three operating modes through a flow path switching device:

[0056] First working mode: The disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 and the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 are connected in series as the first adsorption module, the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 is located on the inlet water side, and the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 is used as the second adsorption module.

[0057] Second working mode: The disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 serves as the first adsorption module, and the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 and the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 are connected in series as the second adsorption module, with the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 located on the inlet water side.

[0058] The third working mode: the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 is used as the first adsorption module, the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 is used as the second adsorption module, and the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 is in an inactive state.

[0059] In some embodiments, the flow path switching device includes:

[0060] Electric valves installed at the inlet and outlet of the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102, the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101, and the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103;

[0061] A manifold-type flow channel connecting three sets of adsorption columns;

[0062] The processor 40's preset program includes valve opening and closing combination logic corresponding to three working modes. It is understood that the design of this flow path switching device, through the combination of electric valves, manifold-type flow channels, and the processor 40's preset program, achieves multi-dimensional functional optimization: the three different types of adsorption columns can flexibly adapt to diverse processing needs through valve switching; the distinction between disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 and reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 balances processing efficiency and cost control; and the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 expands the processing capability for specific substances. The manifold-type flow channel simplifies the pipeline structure and improves system integration; while the preset program-controlled valve opening and closing logic ensures the automation and accuracy of the switching process, reducing human intervention errors. Overall, it enhances the device's adaptability to complex working conditions while also considering operational economy and stability, providing an efficient and flexible solution for related processing procedures.

[0063] The following details the three operating modes of the device for removing new contaminants from water in this application:

[0064] I. First working mode (the total amount of endocrine interferon and antibiotics is not significantly different from the content of perfluorinated compounds, and is within the preset range):

[0065] A disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 and a reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 are connected in series as the first adsorption module. The disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 is located on the inlet water side, and the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 serves as the second adsorption module.

[0066] In this operating mode, after the wastewater to be treated enters the adsorption unit 10, the first water quality monitoring device confirms that the difference in pollutant content is within the preset range. The processor 40 adjusts to the first operating mode and simultaneously adjusts the first electric regulating valve (controlling the flow rate into the first adsorption module) and the second electric regulating valve (controlling the flow rate into the second adsorption module) to ensure that the two adsorption modules respectively bear the pollutant load matched with their adsorption capacity. The disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 of the first adsorption module preferentially intercepts some endocrine interferons and antibiotics in the wastewater, while adsorbing a small amount of short-chain perfluorinated compounds. The reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 further deeply adsorbs the remaining endocrine interferons and antibiotics, maximizing the use of the high capacity characteristics of activated carbon and reducing the leakage of the two types of pollutants to the effluent end. The cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 of the second adsorption module focuses on adsorbing perfluorinated compounds (especially long-chain perfluorinated compounds).

[0067] Water flow path: Wastewater enters the first adsorption module from the inlet pipe 20, first passes through the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102, then through the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101, and then enters the outlet pipe 30; Wastewater enters the second adsorption module from the inlet pipe 20, passes through the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103, and then enters the outlet pipe 30.

[0068] Flow control: During operation, the second water quality monitoring device (at the outlet of the first adsorption module) focuses on monitoring the concentrations of endocrine interferon and antibiotics, while the third water quality monitoring device (at the outlet of the second adsorption module) focuses on monitoring the concentration of perfluorinated compounds. If the concentrations of these two pollutants in the effluent from the first adsorption module increase (indicating that the activated carbon capacity is nearing saturation), the processor 40 immediately reduces the opening of the first electric regulating valve to decrease the influent flow rate, while simultaneously fine-tuning the second electric regulating valve to increase the resin module flow rate. If the concentration of perfluorinated compounds in the effluent from the second adsorption module increases, the flow rate is adjusted in the opposite direction to ensure that both adsorption modules operate efficiently within their capacity range, avoiding a sudden drop in adsorption capacity due to over-capacity.

[0069] II. Second working mode (lower content of endocrine interferon and antibiotics, with a greater difference in content from perfluorinated compounds than the preset value):

[0070] The disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 serves as the first adsorption module, while the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 and the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 are connected in series to form the second adsorption module, with the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 located on the inlet side.

[0071] In this operating mode, after the first water quality monitoring device confirms low levels of endocrine interferon and antibiotics, the processor 40 switches to the second operating mode. Simultaneously, the processor 40 adjusts the flow distribution: due to high perfluorinated compound content, the opening of the second electric regulating valve is increased (e.g., the second adsorption module handles 70%-80% of the flow, matching its high capacity for perfluorinated compounds), while the opening of the first electric regulating valve is decreased (e.g., the first adsorption module handles 20%-30% of the flow, treating only a small amount of these two types of pollutants). The cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 of the second adsorption module preferentially contacts the high-flow-rate wastewater, quickly intercepting most of the perfluorinated compounds due to its high capacity, preventing them from entering the subsequent reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 (reducing the activated carbon load). Wastewater treated by the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 (with significantly reduced perfluorinated compounds) enters the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101, where it assists in adsorbing the remaining small amount of perfluorinated compounds and trace amounts of endocrine interferon and antibiotics (at this point, the activated carbon capacity is sufficient, and there is no need to worry about overload). The disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 of the first adsorption module specifically adsorbs endocrine interferon and antibiotics.

[0072] Water flow path: Wastewater enters the first adsorption module from the inlet pipe 20, passes through the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102, and then enters the outlet pipe 30; wastewater enters the second adsorption module from the inlet pipe 20, first passes through the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103, then through the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101, and then enters the outlet pipe 30.

[0073] Flow control: The third water quality monitoring device (the outlet of the second adsorption module) focuses on monitoring the concentration of perfluorinated compounds. If the concentration rises (indicating that the capacity of the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 is approaching its upper limit), the processor 40 immediately reduces the opening of the second electric regulating valve and appropriately increases the opening of the first electric regulating valve (allowing the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 to temporarily adsorb a small amount of perfluorinated compounds, although not optimal, it can prevent the capacity of the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 from being overdrawn). If the concentration of the two types of pollutants in the effluent of the first adsorption module rises, the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 is quickly replaced to ensure that the second adsorption module continues to dominate the adsorption of perfluorinated compounds and maximizes its high capacity advantage.

[0074] III. Third Working Mode (Perfluorinated Compounds in the Water Sample to be Treated are Short-Chain Perfluorinated Compounds):

[0075] The reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 serves as the first adsorption module, the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 serves as the second adsorption module, and the disposable activated carbon adsorption column 102 is in an inactive state.

[0076] In this operating mode, after the first water quality monitoring device confirms that the perfluorinated compound is a short-chain type, the processor 40 adjusts to the third operating mode, and simultaneously regulates the first electric regulating valve (controlling the flow rate into the first adsorption module) and the second electric regulating valve (controlling the flow rate into the second adsorption module). The cation exchange resin adsorption column 103 of the second adsorption module efficiently adsorbs short-chain perfluorinated compounds due to its high capacity for perfluorinated compounds; while the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101 of the first adsorption module focuses on adsorbing these two types of pollutants by utilizing its high capacity for endocrine interferon and antibiotics.

[0077] Water flow path: Wastewater enters the first adsorption module from the inlet pipe 20, passes through the reusable activated carbon adsorption column 101, and then enters the outlet pipe 30; wastewater enters the second adsorption module from the inlet pipe 20, passes through the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103, and then enters the outlet pipe 30.

[0078] Flow control: During operation, the first and second outflow velocity sensors monitor the flow rate (the flow rate of the resin column changes gradually after the adsorption of short-chain perfluorinated compounds). Combined with data from the water quality monitoring device, the flow rate is adjusted as follows: If the concentration of short-chain perfluorinated compounds in the effluent of the second adsorption module increases (indicating that the capacity is close to saturation), the processor 40 reduces its flow rate and increases the flow rate of the first adsorption module (activated carbon temporarily replaces the adsorption of a small amount of short-chain perfluorinated compounds, which is not optimal, but can avoid overloading the capacity of the cation exchange resin adsorption column 103); if the concentration of the two types of pollutants in the effluent of the first adsorption module increases, the flow rate is adjusted in the opposite direction to ensure that the capacity utilization of the two adsorption modules is maximized.

[0079] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for removing new pollutants from water, characterized in that, The new pollutants include endocrine interferons, antibiotics, and perfluorinated compounds; the device includes at least one adsorption unit, which includes a first adsorption module and a second adsorption module arranged in parallel. The first adsorption module includes an activated carbon adsorption module, whose inlet and outlet ends are directly connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, respectively. The second adsorption module includes a cation exchange resin adsorption module, whose inlet and outlet ends are independently connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, respectively. A flow distribution device is provided between the parallel flow paths of the first adsorption module and the second adsorption module to distribute the proportion of water flow entering the first adsorption module and the second adsorption module. The flow distribution device includes a first electric regulating valve located at the water inlet of the first adsorption module and a second electric regulating valve located at the water inlet of the second adsorption module. The device also includes an intelligent distribution system, which includes a processor. The processor is used to acquire water quality data from the liquid outlet of the first adsorption module, the liquid outlet of the second adsorption module, and the water inlet of the adsorption unit, and adjust the opening of the first electric regulating valve and the second electric regulating valve according to the water quality data to control the water flow distribution ratio between the first adsorption module and the second adsorption module. The intelligent allocation system also includes: A first flow sensor is provided at the water inlet end of the first adsorption module, and a first outflow velocity sensor is provided at the water outlet end of the first adsorption module. A second flow sensor is provided at the water inlet end of the second adsorption module, and a second outflow velocity sensor is provided at the water outlet end of the second adsorption module; The processor is electrically connected to the first flow sensor, the second flow sensor, the first outflow velocity sensor, and the second outflow velocity sensor, respectively.

2. The apparatus for removing new pollutants from water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activated carbon adsorption module in the first adsorption module includes at least one of a disposable activated carbon adsorption column and a reusable activated carbon adsorption column.

3. The apparatus for removing new pollutants from water according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the activated carbon adsorption module in the first adsorption module uses disposable activated carbon adsorption columns and reusable activated carbon adsorption columns, the disposable activated carbon adsorption columns and reusable activated carbon adsorption columns are connected in series along the direction of water flow.

4. The apparatus for removing new pollutants from water according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second adsorption module also includes an activated carbon adsorption module connected in series downstream of the cation exchange resin adsorption module; the activated carbon adsorption module in the second adsorption module uses a disposable activated carbon adsorption column or a reusable activated carbon adsorption column. And / or, the cation exchange resin adsorption module employs a cation exchange resin adsorption column.

5. The apparatus for removing new pollutants from water according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each adsorption unit includes a disposable activated carbon adsorption column, a reusable activated carbon adsorption column, and a cation exchange resin adsorption column; the adsorption unit can be selectively configured with the following three operating modes through a flow path switching device: First working mode: A disposable activated carbon adsorption column and a reusable activated carbon adsorption column are connected in series as the first adsorption module, with the disposable activated carbon adsorption column located on the inlet water side and the cation exchange resin adsorption column serving as the second adsorption module. Second working mode: The disposable activated carbon adsorption column serves as the first adsorption module, and the reusable activated carbon adsorption column and the cation exchange resin adsorption column are connected in series as the second adsorption module, with the cation exchange resin adsorption column located on the inlet side. The third working mode: the reusable activated carbon adsorption column is used as the first adsorption module, the cation exchange resin adsorption column is used as the second adsorption module, and the disposable activated carbon adsorption column is in an inactive state.

6. The apparatus for removing new pollutants from water according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the disposable activated carbon adsorption column and the reusable activated carbon adsorption column include a shell and an adsorption core rod disposed inside the shell. The two ends of the adsorption core rod are detachably connected to the shell through fixed ends.

7. The apparatus for removing new pollutants from water according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shell is a straight tube structure, with an inlet and an outlet at each end.

8. The apparatus for removing new pollutants from water according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The adsorption unit can be one or more sets; when multiple sets of adsorption units are used, the multiple sets of adsorption units can be arranged in parallel or in series.

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