Steel strengthening and toughening steelmaking equipment and method based on microalloying

Abstract

The invention discloses steel strengthening and toughening steelmaking equipment and method based on microalloying, and belongs to the technical field of steelmaking equipment.The equipment comprises a furnace body, a first protection layer and a second protection layer are coaxially formed on the outer side of the furnace body, a material distribution layer is formed between the first protection layer and the outer wall of the furnace body in a spaced mode, and a top plate is installed at an opening of the material distribution layer; a temperature control layer is formed between the second protective layer and the first protective layer at intervals, a plurality of circumferential partition plates are evenly arranged on the furnace body in the circumferential direction at intervals and divide the material distributing layer into a plurality of circumferential material distributing intervals, the lower ends of the material distributing intervals communicate with the material mixing area at the same time, and metal adding holes corresponding to the material distributing intervals one to one are formed in the top plate. The circumferential partition plates divide the temperature control layer into a plurality of circumferential temperature control intervals, and the temperature control intervals are in one-to-one correspondence with the material distribution intervals. By improving the adding device and the mixing technology of the alloy elements, efficient and uniform distribution of the trace alloy elements can be achieved, and therefore the comprehensive performance of the steel is stably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of steelmaking, and particularly relates to a steel strengthening and toughening equipment and method based on micro-alloying. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the modern steel industry, improving the strength and toughness of steel has always been the focus of research. In order to optimize the performance of steel without significantly increasing the cost, micro-alloying technology is widely used. This method adds trace amounts of alloying elements such as niobium, vanadium, titanium, boron, etc. to the molten steel, and uses mechanisms such as fine-grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening to significantly improve the strength of the steel while maintaining good plasticity and toughness. Currently, the main equipment for micro-alloying steelmaking includes converters, electric furnaces, refining furnaces, and continuous casting systems. In these devices, the addition of micro-alloying elements is usually done during the refining stage of the molten steel, generally in the form of ferroalloy or pure metal, and is promoted to be evenly distributed through stirring. Due to the extremely small amount of micro-alloying elements added, if the mixing is not sufficient, it can easily lead to local enrichment or depletion of alloying elements. For example, at the bottom or edge of the ladle, alloying elements may not be able to fully diffuse, causing inconsistencies in the microstructure of the steel, and thus affecting the stability of the mechanical properties. Although existing stirring technology has improved the distribution of alloying elements to some extent, in large-scale industrial production, there are still problems of uneven stirring. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a steel strengthening and toughening equipment and method based on micro-alloying, which can achieve efficient and uniform distribution of trace alloying elements through improved alloying element addition device and mixing process, thereby stably improving the overall performance of the steel.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The steel strengthening and toughening equipment based on micro-alloying disclosed in the present application comprises a furnace body, a first protective layer and a second protective layer are coaxially formed on the outer side of the furnace body, a distribution layer is formed between the outer wall of the furnace body and the first protective layer, a top plate is installed at the opening of the distribution layer, a temperature control layer is formed between the second protective layer and the first protective layer, a plurality of circumferential partitions are uniformly and spacedly arranged on the circumference of the furnace body, the circumferential partitions separate the distribution layer into a plurality of circumferential distribution intervals, the lower ends of the plurality of distribution intervals are simultaneously communicated to a mixing area, a metal addition hole corresponding to each distribution interval is opened on the top plate, the circumferential partitions separate the temperature control layer into a plurality of circumferential temperature control intervals, and each temperature control interval corresponds to a distribution interval; a vertical partition is installed at the middle of the inner side of the furnace body, the vertical partition separates the inner cavity of the furnace body into an upper refining area and a lower refining area, an inlet hole and an outlet hole are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the furnace body respectively, the inlet hole is used to communicate the upper refining area and the distribution interval, and the outlet hole is used to communicate the mixing area and the lower refining area.

[0006] Further, the material distribution section and the mixing area are separated by a support plate, the support plate is provided with a material leakage hole, a mixing device for stirring the material is installed in the mixing area, and a mixing grid is installed in the material leakage hole.

[0007] Further, the mixing device comprises an upper rotating ring plate and a lower fixed plate, the lower fixed plate is fixed in the middle of the mixing area, the lower fixed plate is provided with a first arc-shaped through hole, the upper rotating ring plate is rotatably and sealingly installed on the upper side of the lower fixed plate, the upper rotating ring plate is provided with a second arc-shaped through hole corresponding to the first arc-shaped through hole, the upper rotating ring plate is rotatably and sealingly installed in the ring groove formed in the inner wall of the first protective layer, the outer side of the upper rotating ring plate is provided with external teeth, the external teeth are engaged with the first gear, the first gear is connected with a first motor, and stirring blades are installed on the upper rotating ring plate in a circumferential direction.

[0008] Further, heat exchange pipes, flame guns and temperature sensors are installed in the temperature control section, the heat exchange pipes are closely attached to the outer wall of the first protective layer, the heat exchange pipes are connected to a heat exchange device through a water pump, the first protective layer is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the nozzle of the flame gun, and the axis of the mounting hole is inclined towards the lower side of the material distribution section.

[0009] Further, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed at the center of the furnace body, the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating driving device, the outer side of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating table, the outer side of the rotating table is uniformly and circumferentially provided with rotating grooves, extrusion blades are hinged in the rotating grooves, the extrusion blades are connected to the rotating table through a torsion reset device, and the outer side of the extrusion blades is in contact with the inner wall of the furnace body under the prestress of the torsion reset device.

[0010] Further, a steel outlet hole is formed at the bottom center of the furnace body, a tapered plug is connected to the steel outlet hole in a matching manner, the tapered plug is connected to a support through a center rod, the center rod is slidingly and sealingly installed on the inner side of the rotating shaft, the support is connected with a vertical rod on the outer side of the furnace body, the vertical rod is slidingly installed on a support installed on the outer side of the second protective layer, and a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the up-down displacement of the vertical rod is installed between the support and the vertical rod.

[0011] Further, a transfer frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second protective layer, the rotating driving device comprises a second gear, a third gear, a second motor and a support rod, the outer side of the rotating shaft is coaxially connected with the second gear, the second gear is engaged with the third gear, the third gear is connected to the second motor, the second motor is connected to the transfer frame through the support rod, and a clearance groove is formed in the support for accommodating the support rod.

[0012] A steel toughening smelting method based on micro alloying, using the smelting equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, first pours the molten steel into the upper refining zone, starts the rotary drive device and drives the extrusion blade to rotate, the extrusion blade extrudes the molten steel from the inlet hole into the distribution zone, after the molten steel is distributed, micro alloying elements are added through the metal adding hole of the distribution zone to ensure sufficient reaction of the individual; the molten steel after reaction in the distribution zone is mixed through the mixing zone, and finally discharged into the lower refining zone through the outlet hole, realizing the steel toughening smelting of micro alloying.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0014] The steel toughening smelting equipment and method based on micro alloying disclosed by the present application can improve the uniformity of molten steel reaction by separately reacting with micro alloying elements after the molten steel is distributed, can realize efficient and uniform distribution of trace alloying elements while ensuring the production efficiency of the molten steel, and thus stably improves the comprehensive performance of the steel.

[0015] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be set forth in the following specification, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present application, or will be learned from the practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be realized by the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the present application provides the following drawings for illustration:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the smelting equipment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the furnace body of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the upper rotary ring plate;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the extrusion blade.

[0022] The marks in the drawings are as follows: furnace body 1, first protective layer 2, second protective layer 3, top plate 4, circumferential partition plate 5, material distribution interval 6, mixing area 7, metal adding hole 8, temperature control interval 9, vertical partition plate 10, upper refining area 11, lower refining area 12, feeding hole 13, discharging hole 14, supporting plate 15, mixing device 16, upper rotating ring plate 17, lower fixed plate 18, first arc-shaped through hole 19, second arc-shaped through hole 20, ring groove 21, first gear 22, first motor 23, stirring blade 24, heat exchange pipe 25, flame gun 26, mounting hole 27, rotating shaft 28, rotating table 29, rotating groove 30, extrusion blade 31, torsion reset device 32, tapping hole 33, conical plug 34, central rod 35, support 36, vertical rod 37, support 38, hydraulic cylinder 39, transfer frame 40, second gear 41, third gear 42, second motor 43, support rod 44, accommodation groove 45. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] As shown in the drawings, the disclosed steel toughening and refining equipment based on micro alloying is made of refractory material to avoid the influence of high temperature of molten steel. Figures 1-5 The equipment specifically comprises a furnace body 1, which has a taper structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, so that the operation is facilitated and the residual molten steel is reduced.

[0024] Different from the conventional device, the first protective layer 2 and the second protective layer 3 are coaxially formed on the outside of the furnace body 1, and the second protective layer 3 has a larger diameter than the first protective layer 2.

[0025] In order to make the micro alloying process of molten steel more smooth, the temperature control layer is formed between the second protective layer 3 and the first protective layer 2, so that the temperature can be controlled at 1500-1600℃, which is more conducive to the reaction and ensures the performance of the steel.

[0026] The circumferential partition plates 5 are uniformly and spacedly arranged on the circumference of the furnace body 1, and the circumferential partition plates 5 divide the material distribution layer into circumferential material distribution intervals 6, the lower ends of the material distribution intervals 6 are communicated to the mixing area 7, the metal adding holes 8 corresponding to the material distribution intervals 6 are formed in the top plate 4, and valves can be installed in the metal adding holes 8 to control the adding amount of the micro alloying element powder.

[0027] The circumferential partition plate 5 separates the temperature control layer into circumferential temperature control intervals 9, which correspond to the material distribution intervals 6 one by one; a vertical partition plate 10 is installed at the middle of the inner side of the furnace body 1, which separates the inner cavity of the furnace body 1 into an upper refining area 11 and a lower refining area 12; the upper part and the lower part of the furnace body 1 are respectively provided with a material inlet hole 13 and a material outlet hole 14, the material inlet hole 13 is used to communicate the upper refining area 11 and the material distribution interval 6, and the material outlet hole 14 is used to communicate the mixing area 7 and the lower refining area 12; the molten steel is divided and reacts with the micro-alloying elements separately by using the equipment, which can improve the uniformity of the molten steel reaction, and can realize the efficient and uniform distribution of the micro-alloying elements while ensuring the production efficiency of the molten steel, so as to stably improve the comprehensive performance of the steel.

[0028] In the embodiment, the material distribution interval 6 and the mixing area 7 are separated by a support plate 15, the support plate 15 is provided with a material leakage hole, the mixing area 7 is provided with a mixing device 16 for stirring the material, and the material leakage hole is provided with a mixing grid; when the high-temperature molten steel passes through the regularly arranged holes of the mixing grid at a certain flow rate, the fluid is forced to be divided, converged and changed in flow direction, the forced path change can form complex turbulent flow and vortex motion in the molten steel, so that the molten steel is further stirred when it leaks, and the mixing degree of the molten steel and the micro-alloying elements can be improved, thereby improving the micro-alloying degree.

[0029] In the embodiment, the mixing device 16 includes an upper rotating ring plate 17 and a lower fixed plate 18, the upper rotating ring plate 17 can rotate around the central axis of the furnace body 1, the lower fixed plate 18 is fixed at the middle of the mixing area 7, the lower fixed plate 18 is provided with a first arc-shaped through hole 19, the upper rotating ring plate 17 is rotatably and sealingly installed on the upper side of the lower fixed plate 18, the upper rotating ring plate 17 is provided with a second arc-shaped through hole 20 corresponding to the first arc-shaped through hole 19, the upper rotating ring plate 17 is rotatably and sealingly installed in a ring groove 21 formed in the inner wall of the first protective layer 2, the outer side of the upper rotating ring plate 17 is provided with external teeth, the external teeth are engaged with a first gear 22, the first gear 22 is connected with a first motor 23, and the upper rotating ring plate 17 is provided with stirring blades 24 which are circumferentially and spaced apart.

[0030] In the embodiment, the heat exchange pipe 25, the fire gun 26 and the temperature sensor are installed in the temperature control interval 9, the heat exchange pipe 25 is closely attached to the outer wall of the first protective layer 2, the heat exchange pipe 25 is connected to a heat exchange equipment through a water pump, and the heat exchange pipe 25 can be used for cooling the material distribution interval 6; the first protective layer 2 is provided with a mounting hole 27 for mounting the nozzle of the fire gun 26, the axis of the mounting hole 27 is inclined towards the lower side of the material distribution interval 6, and the fire gun 26 can be used for heating the molten steel in the material distribution interval 6 to meet the actual needs.

[0031] In the embodiment, the rotating shaft 28 is rotatably arranged in the center of the furnace body 1, and is connected with a rotating driving device. The rotating shaft 28 is provided with a rotating table 29 outside. The rotating table 29 is provided with rotating grooves 30 which are uniformly and spaced apart in the circumferential direction outside. The rotating grooves 30 are hingedly connected with extrusion blades 31. The extrusion blades 31 are connected to the rotating table 29 through a torsion reset device 32. Under the prestress of the torsion reset device 32, the outside of the extrusion blades 31 is in contact with the inner wall of the furnace body 1. The rotating extrusion blades 31 can be used to stir the molten steel in the furnace body 1, accelerate the flow of the molten steel, and make the molten steel more easily enter the distribution interval 6 through the feeding hole 13 under the extrusion cooperation, thereby improving the production efficiency of the molten steel. The torsion reset device 32 adopts a reset torsion spring to generate an elastic torsion force on the extrusion blades 31, thereby reducing the possibility of being stuck.

[0032] In the embodiment, a tapping hole 33 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the furnace body 1. A tapered plug 34 is connected in the tapping hole 33. The tapered plug 34 can control the flow rate. The tapered plug 34 is connected to a support 36 through a center rod 35. The center rod 35 is slidingly and sealingly arranged in the inside of the rotating shaft 28. The support 36 is connected with a vertical rod 37 outside the furnace body 1. The vertical rod 37 is slidingly arranged on a support 38 arranged outside the second protective layer 3. A hydraulic cylinder 39 is arranged between the support 38 and the vertical rod 37 to control the up and down displacement of the vertical rod 37.

[0033] In the embodiment, a transfer frame 40 is fixedly connected to the outside of the second protective layer 3. The rotating driving device includes a second gear 41, a third gear 42, a second motor 43 and a support rod 44. The second gear 41 is coaxially connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 28. The second gear 41 is engaged with the third gear 42. The third gear 42 is connected to the second motor 43. The second motor 43 is connected to the transfer frame 40 through the support rod 44. The support rod 44 is arranged in the relief groove 45 of the support 36 to avoid interference.

[0034] A steel strengthening and toughening steelmaking method based on micro-alloying is adopted by using the steelmaking equipment according to any one of the above. In the specific operation, first, the molten steel is poured into the upper refining zone 11. The rotating driving device is started to drive the extrusion blades 31 to rotate. The extrusion blades 31 extrude the molten steel from the feeding hole 13 into the distribution interval 6. After being distributed, the molten steel is added with micro-alloying elements through the metal adding hole 8 of the distribution interval 6 to ensure sufficient reaction. The molten steel reacted in the distribution interval 6 is mixed through the mixing zone 7, and finally discharged into the lower refining zone 12 through the discharge hole 14, thereby realizing the steel strengthening and toughening steelmaking based on micro-alloying.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications can be made in form and details without departing from the scope of the present application defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A steelmaking plant for the strengthening and toughening of microalloyed steels, comprising a furnace body, characterized in that: The outer side of the furnace body is coaxially provided with a first protective layer and a second protective layer, a material distribution layer is formed between the first protective layer and the outer wall of the furnace body, a top plate is installed at the opening of the material distribution layer, a temperature control layer is formed between the second protective layer and the first protective layer, a plurality of circumferential partitions are uniformly and spacedly arranged on the circumference of the furnace body, the circumferential partitions separate the material distribution layer into a plurality of circumferential material distribution intervals, the lower ends of the plurality of material distribution intervals are simultaneously communicated to a material mixing area, a metal adding hole corresponding to each material distribution interval is formed in the top plate, the circumferential partitions separate the temperature control layer into a plurality of circumferential temperature control intervals, and each temperature control interval corresponds to a material distribution interval; a vertical partition is installed at the middle of the inner side of the furnace body, the vertical partition separates the inner cavity of the furnace body into an upper refining area and a lower refining area, an inlet hole and an outlet hole are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the furnace body respectively, the inlet hole is used to communicate the upper refining area and the material distribution interval, and the outlet hole is used to communicate the material mixing area and the lower refining area.

2. A steel plant for the strengthening and toughening of microalloyed steels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material distribution interval and the material mixing area are separated by a support plate, the support plate is provided with a material leakage hole, a material mixing device for stirring the material is installed in the material mixing area, and a mixing grid is installed in the material leakage hole.

3. A steel plant for the strengthening and toughening of microalloyed steels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material mixing device comprises an upper rotating ring plate and a lower fixed plate, the lower fixed plate is fixed at the middle of the material mixing area, the lower fixed plate is provided with a first arc-shaped through hole, the upper rotating ring plate is rotatably and sealingly installed on the upper side of the lower fixed plate, the upper rotating ring plate is provided with a second arc-shaped through hole corresponding to the first arc-shaped through hole, the upper rotating ring plate is rotatably and sealingly installed in a ring groove formed in the inner wall of the first protective layer, the outer side of the upper rotating ring plate is provided with external teeth, the external teeth are engaged with a first gear, the first gear is connected with a first motor, and the upper rotating ring plate is circumferentially and spacedly provided with stirring blades.

4. A steel plant for the strengthening and toughening of microalloyed steels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heat exchange pipes, flame guns and temperature sensors are installed in the temperature control interval, the heat exchange pipes are closely attached to the outer wall of the first protective layer, the heat exchange pipes are connected to a heat exchange device through a water pump, the first protective layer is provided with an installation hole for installing the nozzle of the flame gun, and the axis of the installation hole is inclined towards the lower side of the material distribution interval.

5. A steel plant for the production of microalloyed steels according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A rotating shaft is rotatably installed at the center of the furnace body, the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating driving device, the outer side of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating table, the outer side of the rotating table is uniformly and spacedly provided with rotating grooves in the circumferential direction, extrusion blades are hingedly connected in the rotating grooves, the extrusion blades are connected to the rotating table through a torsion reset device, and the outer side of the extrusion blades is in contact with the inner wall of the furnace body under the prestress of the torsion reset device.

6. A steel plant for the production of microalloyed steels according to claim 5, characterized in that: A tapping hole is formed at the center of the bottom of the furnace body, a tapered plug is fitted and connected in the tapping hole, the tapered plug is connected to a support through a center rod, the center rod is slidingly and sealingly installed on the inner side of the rotating shaft, the support is simultaneously connected with a vertical rod on the outer side of the furnace body, the vertical rod is slidingly installed on a support installed on the outer side of the second protective layer, and a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the up-down displacement of the vertical rod is installed between the support and the vertical rod.

7. A steel plant for the production of microalloyed steels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer side of the second protective layer is fixedly connected with a transfer frame, the rotating driving device comprises a second gear, a third gear, a second motor and a support rod, the outer side of the rotating shaft is coaxially connected with the second gear, the second gear is engaged with the third gear, the third gear is connected to the second motor, the second motor is connected to the transfer frame through the support rod, and the support is provided with a clearance groove for accommodating the support rod.

8. A method for strengthening and toughening a microalloyed steel, characterized in that: The steel smelting equipment as claimed in any one of claims 5-7 is used to first pour the molten steel into the upper refining zone, start the rotating driving device and drive the extrusion blade to rotate, the extrusion blade extrudes the molten steel from the feeding hole into the distribution zone, after the molten steel is distributed, micro-alloying elements are added through the metal adding hole of the distribution zone to ensure the separate full reaction, the molten steel reacted in the distribution zone is mixed through the mixing zone, and finally discharged into the lower refining zone through the discharging hole, so that the steel is strengthened and toughened by micro-alloying.

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