Moisture-absorbing and quick-drying bio-based polyamide fiber and preparation method thereof
Core-shell nylon fibers were prepared by blending bio-based polyamide chips with functional additives, which solved the problem of poor washability of antibacterial nylon fibers, achieved quick-drying and long-lasting antibacterial properties, and improved the functional stability of the fibers.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511250260.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing antibacterial nylon fibers have poor water resistance and insufficient functional stability.
Core-shell bio-based nylon fibers were prepared by melt blending bio-based polyamide chips with functional additives. An antibacterial agent was prepared by combining aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots and porous polydopamine shells with silver nitrate to form a core-shell structure. The washability was improved by covalent bonding and the antibacterial activity was enhanced under light.
It achieves the moisture-wicking and quick-drying properties of antibacterial nylon fiber, possesses excellent antibacterial and wash-resistant properties, delays fiber aging, and maintains a long-lasting antibacterial effect.
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of functional fiber, in particular to a kind of moisture absorption and quick-drying bio-based polyamide fiber and its preparation method. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the pursuit of modern consumers to clothing wearing towards the comfort, function, environmental protection and other diversified direction development, consumer's performance requirement to selected fabric is also higher and higher, not only requires wearing comfortable and proper, also needs to have certain functionality.Polyamide (PA), commonly known as polyamide, has many advantages such as high strength, wear resistance, moisture absorption, etc., is a high value-added fiber.At present, polyamide is basically prepared with petroleum derivatives as raw material.However, the extensive use of petroleum resources makes today's society face severe challenges.Bio-based polyamide, as a new type of synthetic fiber, is synthesized and processed by biological methods such as castor oil cracking method or glucose fermentation method, and has excellent properties such as high strength, wear resistance and moisture absorption of traditional polyamide, and has great advantages in sustainable raw material source and functionality.
[0003] Although polyamide fiber has the advantages of high strength, good elasticity and good wear resistance, it is easy to produce static electricity, causing the surface of the fabric to absorb dust, plus human sweat, which is easy to breed bacteria.Fabric with antibacterial function can inhibit bacterial reproduction, prevent fabric odor and maintain human health, and is increasingly valued.At present, antibacterial polyamide fiber is mainly produced by the following methods: 1, optimizing the polymerization process conditions, adding antibacterial finishing agent in the polymerization process, synthesizing antibacterial modified polymer, and then spinning;2, adding antibacterial agent when preparing masterbatch, preparing antibacterial masterbatch, and then blending with chip for spinning;3, uniformly adding antibacterial agent on the surface of the chip, and then spinning after drying.The second method produces polyamide antibacterial fiber with wide antibacterial spectrum, good antibacterial effect and simple manufacturing process, and can be produced by conventional spinning equipment, but directly adding antibacterial agent greatly reduces the antibacterial performance of polyamide fiber after multiple washing, affecting its development in functional fabric field. SUMMARY
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a kind of moisture absorption and quick-drying bio-based polyamide fiber and its preparation method, solve the following technical problems: the existing antibacterial polyamide fiber has poor washing resistance and insufficient functional stability.
[0005] The purpose of the present application can be realized by the following technical scheme: a kind of moisture absorption and quick-drying bio-based polyamide fiber preparation method, comprising the following steps: melt blending bio-based polyamide chip and functional additives to obtain bio-based polyamide masterbatch, melt spinning, cooling, drawing and heat setting the bio-based polyamide masterbatch to obtain moisture absorption and quick-drying bio-based polyamide fiber;The preparation method of functional additives comprises the following steps: S1: Aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots, silica sol, and Tris-HCl buffer were added to a reaction vessel, along with dopamine hydrochloride and silver nitrate. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24-30 hours, then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain core-shell particles. S2: Mix the core-shell particles with NaOH solution, centrifuge and wash to obtain a porous core-shell material; S3: In a nitrogen atmosphere, porous core-shell material, N,N-dimethylformamide, caprolactam, 6-aminohexanoic acid, and tetrabutyl titanate are added to a reaction vessel. The temperature is controlled at 140-160℃ and the reaction is maintained for 12-18 hours. The mixture is then washed, filtered, and dried to obtain the functional additive.
[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the silica sol in S1 is a silica sol with a solid content of 10-15wt%; the addition ratio of aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots, silica sol, Tris-HCl buffer, dopamine hydrochloride, and silver nitrate is 10g: 20-30g: 100-400mL: 0.5-1g: 0.1-0.2g.
[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the NaOH solution in S2 is a 0.4-0.6 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution; the addition ratio of core-shell particles to NaOH solution is 1 g: 8-12 mL.
[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the addition ratio of porous core-shell material, N,N-dimethylformamide, caprolactam, 6-aminohexanoic acid, and tetrabutyl titanate in S3 is 10g: 100-200mL: 1-2g: 0.1-0.3g: 0.05-0.1g.
[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: a method for preparing aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots includes the following steps: A1: Citric acid, urea, and N,N-dimethylformamide were added to a reaction flask and pyrolyzed at 160-180℃ for 6-12 hours. After cooling and dialysis purification, bio-based carbon quantum dots were obtained. A2: Add bio-based carbon quantum dots and anhydrous ethanol to a reaction flask, add 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, control the temperature at 50-60℃, and keep the reaction at this temperature for 6-9 hours to obtain aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots.
[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the addition ratio of citric acid and urea in A1 is 10g:3-6g:200-400mL.
[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the addition ratio of bio-based carbon quantum dots, anhydrous ethanol, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in A2 is 10g: 100-200mL: 1-2g.
[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the melting temperature of the bio-based polyamide chips and functional additives is controlled at: Zone 1 210-220℃, Zone 2 230-235℃, and Zone 3 235-245℃.
[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the amount of functional additive added is 1-6% of the total mass of the bio-based nylon masterbatch.
[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the bio-based nylon masterbatch is dried before melt spinning; the specific drying steps are as follows: control the temperature at 90-95℃ and dry for 3.5-4.5h; raise the temperature to 95-120℃ and dry for 2.5-3.5h; continue to raise the temperature to 120℃ and keep warm for 3-6h.
[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: melt spinning is performed using a melt spinning machine, with the spinning screw temperature set at 170-180℃ in the upper zone, 190-195℃ in the middle zone, and 210-215℃ in the lower zone; the spinning speed is 200-800 r / min; the cooling conditions are: cooling air speed of 0.30-0.5 m / min and air temperature of 21-26℃; the temperature of the hot plate used for drawing is 50-70℃ and the drawing ratio is 3-4:1; the heat setting temperature is 100-120℃.
[0016] A moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber, prepared by any of the above methods.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Constructing a unique core-shell structure to endow the material with moisture absorption and quick-drying properties. The functional additives prepared in this application are core-shell bio-based nanoparticles; they use bio-based carbon quantum dots as the core and are coated with a porous bio-based polydopamine shell. The core layer possesses a photothermal effect that accelerates moisture evaporation, giving the material quick-drying properties; the shell layer provides a hydrophilic microporous structure that rapidly absorbs moisture through capillary action and diffuses the moisture to the fiber surface for evaporation, achieving moisture absorption and conduction, and preventing a damp feeling against the skin. The catechol / quinone structure of the shell layer has free radical scavenging capabilities, achieving new antioxidant properties and delaying fiber aging. (2) Antibacterial properties This application is based on aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots. During the preparation of the porous polydopamine shell, silver nitrate is added. The catechol groups of the shell reduce metal ions to silver nanoparticles, and the silver particles are simultaneously embedded in the porous polydopamine shell to release Ag⁺ through ion exchange. Furthermore, the core structure of this application has a photothermal effect. Under light irradiation (such as near-infrared), the local temperature rises, which can significantly enhance the antibacterial activity of silver ions and endow the material with excellent antibacterial properties. (3) Water wash resistance This application introduces long-chain polyamides onto the surface of the prepared porous core-shell material, endowing the functional additives with covalent bonding ability with the polyamide matrix, which greatly improves the material's water wash resistance. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example
[0019] The preparation method of aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots includes the following steps: A1: Add 20g citric acid, 6g urea and 400mL N,N-dimethylformamide to a reaction flask, pyrolyze at 160℃ for 6h, cool and dialysis to purify, and obtain bio-based carbon quantum dots; A2: Add 10g of bio-based carbon quantum dots and 100mL of anhydrous ethanol to a reaction flask, add 1g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, control the temperature at 50℃ and keep the reaction at this temperature for 6h to obtain aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots.
[0020] The preparation method of functional additives includes the following steps: S1: 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 10 mL of deionized water, and 5 mL of 28 wt% ammonia were added to a reaction vessel and dispersed evenly. 6 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate was added, and the reaction was carried out at 25 °C with stirring for 6 h. After centrifugation and washing with ethanol, deionized water was added to adjust the silica sol to a solid content of 10 wt%. 10 g of aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots, 20 g of silica sol, and 100 mL of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.5) were added to a reaction vessel. 0.5 g of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.1 g of silver nitrate were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, core-shell particles were obtained. S2: 10g of core-shell particles were mixed with 100mL of 0.5mol / L NaOH aqueous solution to remove silica sol. The mixture was then centrifuged and washed until neutral to obtain a porous core-shell material. S3: In a nitrogen atmosphere, 10g of porous core-shell material, 100mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 1g of caprolactam, 0.1g of 6-aminohexanoic acid, and 0.05g of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a reaction vessel. The temperature was controlled at 140℃ and the reaction was maintained for 12h. The mixture was then washed, filtered, and dried to obtain the functional additive. Example
[0021] The preparation method of aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots includes the following steps: A1: Add 20g citric acid, 9g urea and 600mL N,N-dimethylformamide to a reaction flask, pyrolyze at 170℃ for 9h, cool and dialyze to purify, and obtain bio-based carbon quantum dots; A2: Add 10g of bio-based carbon quantum dots and 200mL of anhydrous ethanol to a reaction flask, add 1.5g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, control the temperature at 55℃ and keep the reaction at this temperature for 8h to obtain aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots.
[0022] The preparation method of functional additives includes the following steps: S1: 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 10 mL of deionized water, and 5 mL of 28 wt% ammonia were added to a reaction vessel and dispersed evenly. 6 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate was added, and the reaction was carried out at 25 °C with stirring for 6 h. After centrifugation and washing with ethanol, deionized water was added to adjust the silica sol to a solid content of 10 wt%. 10 g of aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots, 25 g of silica sol, and 300 mL of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.5) were added to a reaction vessel. 0.8 g of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.15 g of silver nitrate were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, core-shell particles were obtained. S2: 10g of core-shell particles were mixed with 100mL of 0.5mol / L NaOH aqueous solution to remove silica sol. The mixture was then centrifuged and washed until neutral to obtain a porous core-shell material. S3: In a nitrogen atmosphere, 10g of porous core-shell material, 200mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 1.5g of caprolactam, 0.2g of 6-aminohexanoic acid, and 0.1g of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a reaction vessel. The temperature was controlled at 150℃ and the reaction was maintained for 15h. The mixture was then washed, filtered, and dried to obtain the functional additive.
[0023] Example 1 The preparation method of aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots includes the following steps: A1: Add 20g citric acid, 12g urea and 800mL N,N-dimethylformamide to a reaction flask, pyrolyze at 180℃ for 12h, cool and dialysis to purify, and obtain bio-based carbon quantum dots; A2: Add 10g of bio-based carbon quantum dots and 200mL of anhydrous ethanol to a reaction flask, add 2g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, control the temperature at 60℃ and keep the reaction at that temperature for 9h to obtain aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots.
[0024] The preparation method of functional additives includes the following steps: S1: 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 10 mL of deionized water, and 5 mL of 28 wt% ammonia were added to a reaction vessel and dispersed evenly. 6 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate was added, and the mixture was kept at 25 °C with stirring for 6 h. After centrifugation and washing with ethanol, deionized water was added to adjust the solid content to 10 wt% silica sol. 10 g of aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots, 30 g of silica sol, and 400 mL of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.5) were added to a reaction vessel. 1 g of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.2 g of silver nitrate were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, core-shell particles were obtained. S2: 10g of core-shell particles were mixed with 100mL of 0.5mol / L NaOH aqueous solution to remove silica sol. The mixture was then centrifuged and washed until neutral to obtain a porous core-shell material. S3: In a nitrogen atmosphere, 10g of porous core-shell material, 200mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 2g of caprolactam, 0.3g of 6-aminohexanoic acid, and 0.1g of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a reaction vessel. The temperature was controlled at 160℃ and the reaction was maintained for 18h. The mixture was then washed, filtered, and dried to obtain the functional additive.
[0025] Example 2 A method for preparing moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber includes the following steps: B1: 5g of the functional additive prepared in Example 1 was melt-blended with 95g of bio-based polyamide chips (viscosity 172.2mL / g, purchased from Shanghai Kaisai Biotechnology R&D Center Co., Ltd.) to obtain bio-based nylon masterbatch; the temperature control of melt blending was: 220℃ in zone 1, 235℃ in zone 2, and 245℃ in zone 3. B2: The bio-based nylon masterbatch was dried at a controlled temperature of 95℃ for 3.5 hours; then heated to 100℃ and dried for 3 hours; then heated to 120℃ and held for 6 hours to obtain the dried masterbatch. B3: The dried masterbatch is spun using a melt spinning machine (spinning screw temperature set at 170℃ in the upper zone, 195℃ in the middle zone, and 210℃ in the lower zone; spinning speed 600 r / min), cooled (cooling air speed 0.35 m / min, air temperature 23℃), drawn (temperature of the hot plate used is 50-70℃, draw ratio 3.9:1), and heat-set (temperature 115℃) to obtain moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber.
[0026] Example 3 A method for preparing moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber includes the following steps: B1: 5g of the functional additive prepared in Example 2 was melt-blended with 95g of bio-based polyamide chips (viscosity 172.2mL / g, purchased from Shanghai Kaisai Biotechnology R&D Center Co., Ltd.) to obtain bio-based nylon masterbatch; the temperature control of melt blending was: 220℃ in zone 1, 235℃ in zone 2, and 245℃ in zone 3. B2: The bio-based nylon masterbatch was dried at a controlled temperature of 95℃ for 3.5 hours; then heated to 100℃ and dried for 3 hours; then heated to 120℃ and held for 6 hours to obtain the dried masterbatch. B3: The dried masterbatch is spun using a melt spinning machine (spinning screw temperature set at 170℃ in the upper zone, 195℃ in the middle zone, and 210℃ in the lower zone; spinning speed 600 r / min), cooled (cooling air speed 0.35 m / min, air temperature 23℃), drawn (temperature of the hot plate used is 50-70℃, draw ratio 3.9:1), and heat-set (temperature 115℃) to obtain moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber.
[0027] Example 4 A method for preparing moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber includes the following steps: B1: 5g of the functional additive prepared in Example 3 was melt-blended with 95g of bio-based polyamide chips (viscosity 172.2mL / g, purchased from Shanghai Kaisai Biotechnology R&D Center Co., Ltd.) to obtain bio-based nylon masterbatch; the temperature control of melt blending was: 220℃ in zone 1, 235℃ in zone 2, and 245℃ in zone 3. B2: The bio-based nylon masterbatch was dried at a controlled temperature of 95℃ for 3.5 hours; then heated to 100℃ and dried for 3 hours; then heated to 120℃ and held for 6 hours to obtain the dried masterbatch. B3: The dried masterbatch is spun using a melt spinning machine (spinning screw temperature set at 170℃ in the upper zone, 195℃ in the middle zone, and 210℃ in the lower zone; spinning speed 600 r / min), cooled (cooling air speed 0.35 m / min, air temperature 23℃), drawn (temperature of the hot plate used is 50-70℃, draw ratio 3.9:1), and heat-set (temperature 115℃) to obtain moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber.
[0028] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method of functional additives includes the following steps: S1: Add 10g of the aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 2 and 300mL of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.5) to the reaction vessel, add 0.8g of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.15g of silver nitrate, stir at room temperature for 24h, filter, wash and dry to obtain core-shell particles; S2: Mix 10g of core-shell particles with 100mL of 0.5mol / L NaOH aqueous solution, centrifuge and wash until neutral to obtain porous core-shell material; S3: In a nitrogen atmosphere, 10g of porous core-shell material, 200mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 1.5g of caprolactam, 0.2g of 6-aminohexanoic acid, and 0.1g of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a reaction vessel. The temperature was controlled at 150℃ and the reaction was maintained for 15h. The mixture was then washed, filtered, and dried to obtain the functional additive.
[0029] Comparative Example 2 The preparation method of functional additives includes the following steps: S1: 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 10 mL of deionized water, and 5 mL of 28 wt% ammonia were added to a reaction vessel and dispersed evenly. 6 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate was added, and the reaction was carried out at 25 °C with stirring for 6 h. After centrifugation and washing with ethanol, deionized water was added to adjust the silica sol to a solid content of 10 wt%. 10 g of the aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 2, 25 g of silica sol, and 300 mL of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.5) were added to a reaction vessel. 0.8 g of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.15 g of silver nitrate were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, core-shell particles were obtained. S2: 10g of core-shell particles were mixed with 100mL of 0.5mol / L NaOH aqueous solution to remove silica sol. The mixture was then centrifuged and washed until neutral to obtain the functional additive.
[0030] Comparative Example 3 The preparation method of ammoniated toner includes the following steps: 10g of nano-carbon powder and 200mL of anhydrous ethanol were added to a reaction flask, followed by 1.5g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The reaction was carried out at 55℃ for 8 hours to obtain ammoniated carbon powder.
[0031] The preparation method of functional additives includes the following steps: S1: 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 10 mL of deionized water, and 5 mL of 28 wt% ammonia were added to a reaction vessel and dispersed evenly. 6 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate was added, and the mixture was kept at 25 °C with stirring for 6 h. After centrifugation and washing with ethanol, deionized water was added to adjust the solid content to 10 wt% silica sol. 10 g of aminated carbon powder, 25 g of silica sol, and 300 mL of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.5) were added to a reaction vessel. 0.8 g of dopamine hydrochloride and 0.15 g of silver nitrate were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, core-shell particles were obtained. S2: 10g of core-shell particles were mixed with 100mL of 0.5mol / L NaOH aqueous solution to remove silica sol. The mixture was then centrifuged and washed until neutral to obtain a porous core-shell material. S3: In a nitrogen atmosphere, 10g of porous core-shell material, 200mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 1.5g of caprolactam, 0.2g of 6-aminohexanoic acid, and 0.1g of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a reaction vessel. The temperature was controlled at 150℃ and the reaction was maintained for 15h. The mixture was then washed, filtered, and dried to obtain the functional additive.
[0032] Comparative Example 4 The preparation method of functional additives includes the following steps: S1: 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 10 mL of deionized water, and 5 mL of 28 wt% ammonia were added to a reaction vessel and dispersed evenly. 6 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate was added, and the reaction was carried out at 25 °C with stirring for 6 h. After centrifugation and washing with ethanol, deionized water was added to adjust the silica sol to a solid content of 10 wt%. 10 g of the aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 2, 25 g of silica sol, 300 mL of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.5), and 0.15 g of silver nitrate were added to a reaction vessel and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, core-shell particles were obtained. S2: 10g of core-shell particles were mixed with 100mL of 0.5mol / L NaOH aqueous solution to remove silica sol. The mixture was then centrifuged and washed until neutral to obtain the composite material. S3: In a nitrogen atmosphere, 10g of the composite material, 200mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 1.5g of caprolactam, 0.2g of 6-aminohexanoic acid, and 0.1g of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a reaction vessel. The temperature was controlled at 150℃ and the reaction was maintained for 15h. The mixture was then washed, filtered, and dried to obtain the functional additive.
[0033] Comparative Example 5 A moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber is prepared in a manner that differs from that of Example 4, except that the functional additives prepared in Example 1 are replaced in equal amounts with the functional additives prepared in Comparative Example 1. The remaining components and preparation methods are completely consistent with those of Example 4.
[0034] Comparative Example 6 A moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber is prepared in a manner that differs from that of Example 4, except that the functional additives prepared in Example 1 are replaced in equal amounts with the functional additives prepared in Comparative Example 2. The remaining components and preparation methods are completely consistent with those of Example 4.
[0035] Comparative Example 7 A moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber is prepared in a manner that differs from that of Example 4, except that the functional additives prepared in Example 1 are replaced in equal amounts with the functional additives prepared in Comparative Example 3. The remaining components and preparation methods are completely consistent with those of Example 4.
[0036] Comparative Example 8 A moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber is prepared in a manner that differs from that of Example 4, except that the functional additives prepared in Example 1 are replaced in equal amounts with the functional additives prepared in Comparative Example 4. The remaining components and preparation methods are completely consistent with those of Example 4.
[0037] Performance testing: The moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fibers prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 5-8 were woven into fabrics with a transverse density of 55 loops / 10cm and a longitudinal density of 55 turns / 10cm.
[0038] (1) Antibacterial properties: According to GB / T 20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of textiles - Part 3: Vibration method", the antimicrobial properties of the samples were tested using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The test results are shown in Table 1. Fabrics woven from the fibers prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 5-8 were washed 10 times according to the 4N procedure in GB / T 8629-2017 "Textiles - Testing - Household washing and drying procedures", and then hung to dry. The antimicrobial properties were tested again. The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0039] As shown in Table 1, the experimental data show that Examples 4-6 achieved an antibacterial rate of 99.9% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, which was significantly higher than that of Comparative Examples 5-8, demonstrating excellent antibacterial performance. Even after 10 washes, the Examples still maintained an antibacterial rate of over 90%, while the Comparative Examples generally dropped to below 90%, indicating that the antibacterial performance of the Comparative Examples was significantly reduced and their long-lasting antibacterial performance was poor.
[0040] (2) Moisture absorption performance: a: Moisture regain: The sample was placed in an oven and dried until completely dry. The mass of the fabric when completely dry was measured (G0). Then, the sample was placed under standard conditions (temperature (20±1)℃, humidity (65±2)%) for 24 hours to allow for temperature and humidity equilibration. The mass of the fabric after moisture regain was measured (G1). The moisture regain (W) was calculated as follows: W=(G1-G0) / G0x100%. The test results are shown in Table 2. b: Water droplet diffusion time and diameter: According to GB / T 21655.1-2008 "Evaluation of the moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles - Part 1: Single combination test method", the time required for a water droplet to completely diffuse after contacting the sample surface was tested; and the diameter of the water droplet spreading along the warp and weft directions on the fabric at 20s was tested; the test results are shown in Table 2; c: Capillary height According to FZ / T 01071-2008 "Test Method for Capillary Effect of Textiles", the sample size was 20cm x 5cm, and the capillary height was recorded after 30 minutes; the test results are shown in Table 2.
[0041] As shown in Table 2, the experimental data show that the moisture regain, diffusion time, diffusion diameter, and capillary height of Examples 4-6 are significantly higher than those of Comparative Examples 5-8, demonstrating excellent moisture absorption performance.
[0042] (3) Quick-drying performance: a: Evaporation rate After saturating the sample with distilled water, the sample is rolled using a hand-cranked rolling mill (residual rolling rate 90%), and the mass of the sample after rolling (G) is measured. s At time 0, dehumidification begins. The sample is then placed under standard conditions for natural dehumidification. After 20 minutes, the sample mass (Gn) is weighed. The relative moisture content (M) is calculated as follows: M = (Gn - G0) / ... s -G0), the test results are shown in Table 3; d: Water retention rate Under standard conditions, the sample was fully wetted and then placed in a fully automatic shrinkage tester for 5 minutes to dehydrate. The mass (G) after dehydration was measured, and the water retention rate (K) was calculated as follows: K=(G-G0) / G0. The test results are shown in Table 3. (4) Antioxidant properties: The test results were conducted according to T / CCTA 20102-2023 "Determination and evaluation of antioxidant capacity of textiles by DPPH and ABTS method". The test results are shown in Table 3.
[0043] As shown in Table 3, the experimental data show that the water retention rate and relative moisture content of Examples 4-6 are significantly higher than those of Comparative Examples 5-8, demonstrating excellent fast-drying performance.
[0044] The free radical scavenging rates of Examples 4-6 were significantly higher than those of Comparative Examples 5-8, demonstrating excellent resistance to fabric aging.
[0045] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: melt-blending bio-based polyamide chips with functional auxiliaries to obtain bio-based nylon masterbatch; melt-spinning, cooling, stretching, and heat-setting the bio-based nylon masterbatch to obtain moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber; the preparation method of the functional auxiliaries includes the following steps: S1: Aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots, silica sol, and Tris-HCl buffer were added to a reaction vessel, along with dopamine hydrochloride and silver nitrate. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24-30 hours, then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain core-shell particles. S2: Mix the core-shell particles with NaOH solution, centrifuge and wash to obtain a porous core-shell material; S3: In a nitrogen atmosphere, porous core-shell material, N,N-dimethylformamide, caprolactam, 6-aminohexanoic acid, and tetrabutyl titanate are added to a reaction vessel. The temperature is controlled at 140-160℃ and the reaction is maintained for 12-18 hours. The mixture is then washed, filtered, and dried to obtain the functional additive.
2. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 contains silica sol with a solid content of 10-15 wt%; the addition ratio of aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots, silica sol, Tris-HCl buffer, dopamine hydrochloride, and silver nitrate is 10g: 20-30g: 100-400mL: 0.5-1g: 0.1-0.2g.
3. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking, quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The NaOH solution in S2 is a 0.4-0.6 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution; the addition ratio of core-shell particles to NaOH solution is 1 g: 8-12 mL.
4. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The addition ratio of porous core-shell material, N,N-dimethylformamide, caprolactam, 6-aminohexanoic acid, and tetrabutyl titanate in S3 is 10g:100-200mL:1-2g:0.1-0.3g:0.05-0.1g.
5. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots includes the following steps: A1: Citric acid, urea, and N,N-dimethylformamide were added to a reaction flask and pyrolyzed at 160-180℃ for 6-12 hours. After cooling and dialysis purification, bio-based carbon quantum dots were obtained. A2: Add bio-based carbon quantum dots and anhydrous ethanol to a reaction flask, add 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, control the temperature at 50-60℃, and keep the reaction at this temperature for 6-9 hours to obtain aminated bio-based carbon quantum dots.
6. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting temperature of the bio-based polyamide chips and functional additives is controlled at: Zone 1 210-220℃, Zone 2 230-235℃, and Zone 3 235-245℃.
7. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of the functional additive added is 3-6% of the total mass of the bio-based nylon masterbatch.
8. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bio-based nylon masterbatch is dried before melt spinning; the specific drying steps are as follows: control the temperature at 90-95℃ and dry for 3.5-4.5h; raise the temperature to 95-120℃ and dry for 2.5-3.5h; continue to raise the temperature to 120℃ and keep warm for 3-6h.
9. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melt spinning is performed using a melt spinning machine, with the spinning screw temperature set at 170-180℃ in the upper zone, 190-195℃ in the middle zone, and 210-215℃ in the lower zone; the spinning speed is 200-800 r / min; the cooling conditions are: cooling air velocity of 0.30-0.5 m / min and air temperature of 21-26℃; the temperature of the hot plate used for drawing is 50-70℃, and the draw ratio is 3-4:1; the heat setting temperature is 100-120℃.
10. A moisture-wicking and quick-drying bio-based nylon fiber, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1-9.