Pile foundation excavation method and equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a pile foundation excavation method and equipment, and belongs to the technical field of foundation pit engineering, the pile foundation excavation equipment comprises an integrated multi-head drilling machine, the integrated multi-head drilling machine can be fixedly mounted at a center hole through a bottom expansion locking mechanism, a plurality of holes can be formed at a time when the integrated multi-head drilling machine works, and the integrated multi-head drilling machine resets and rotates by a certain angle after working once. The drilling work is repeated, then an annular groove is drilled after multiple times of work, a rock core in the annular groove is taken out through a coring tool, then the rock and the mountain in the central area can be separated and taken out through a coring barrel, and the slag removal work is completed; by means of the expansion locking mechanism arranged at the bottom of the drilling machine, the integrated multi-head drilling machine can be fixed to a center positioning hole, the situation that equipment deviates in the working process and influences the overall drilling effect is avoided, the multiple drilling machines are arranged together, drilling work of multiple holes can be conducted at the same time, automatic drilling is achieved, the working efficiency is higher, and the drilling efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, workers do not need to go down to operate, and safety and reliability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of foundation pit engineering technology, specifically a pile foundation excavation method and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] An excavation pit is a deep and wide excavated area, either on the ground or underground, typically used for the construction of buildings, civil engineering projects, and underground facilities. The shape and size of the excavation pit depend on the specific project requirements and can be square, rectangular, circular, or other shapes.

[0003] Existing pile foundation excavation equipment typically uses a fixed frame to fix the equipment at the working face. Disassembling the equipment after core sampling is cumbersome and inefficient. Furthermore, after drilling one hole, the existing equipment requires removing the drill barrel from the ground and rotating it to drill the next hole. However, this rotation is usually done manually, which is prone to center deviation, causing the drilling orientation to shift and affecting the final drilling quality. In addition, manual operation in the well is inherently dangerous. Therefore, we propose a pile foundation excavation method and equipment to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of existing pile foundation excavation equipment, which typically uses a fixed frame to fix the equipment at the working face. After excavation and core sampling, disassembling the equipment is cumbersome and inefficient. Furthermore, after drilling one hole, the existing equipment requires removing the drill barrel from the ground and rotating it to drill the next hole. However, the rotation operation is usually done manually, which is prone to center deviation, causing the drilling orientation to shift and affecting the final drilling quality. In addition, manual operation in the well is inherently dangerous. Therefore, this invention proposes a pile foundation excavation method and equipment.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for excavating a pile foundation, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Drill the center positioning hole: Use a measuring instrument to calibrate the center, and then use a drilling rig to drill a hole downwards along the centerline of the pile foundation at the calibrated center, with the depth being consistent with the depth of the pile foundation;

[0008] Step Two: Drilling Rig Installation and Drilling: The integrated multi-head drilling rig is hoisted above the center hole using hoisting equipment. Then, the bottom center of the integrated multi-head drilling rig is fixed to the center hole position using an expansion locking method. Next, the integrated multi-head drilling rig starts working, drilling holes in the rock simultaneously. After one drilling operation is completed, the integrated multi-head drilling rig moves upward and resets. Then, the integrated multi-head drilling rig rotates laterally at a certain angle and starts drilling again until several holes are drilled to form an annular groove.

[0009] Step 3: Coring the circumferential fracture: Use coring tools to extract all the rock cores from one ring of the fracture.

[0010] Step 4: Cleaning: Next, the lifting equipment hoists the coring tool onto the rock core, and then uses the tool to separate the rock and mountain in the central area. After that, the lifting equipment uses the coring tool to clean the rock core from the central area out of the well.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drilling of the center positioning hole specifically involves: first, measuring and finding the center positioning and center line of the pile foundation, marking the center point and center line with lime or ink markers, and then using a drilling rig (either a core drilling rig or a non-core drilling rig) to drill a hole downwards along the center line of the pile foundation to the designed depth of the pile foundation. Finally, the drilled rock core is extracted using a core sampling tool to ensure that the center hole is free of debris and does not affect the subsequent equipment installation.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the installation and drilling of the drilling rig are specifically as follows: the integrated multi-head drilling rig is fixed in the center hole position by the expansion bolts below the integrated multi-head drilling rig, thereby completing the center positioning and expansion locking of the integrated multi-head drilling rig. The integrated multi-head drilling rig is used, and the number of integrated drilling rigs is not less than two. The multi-head drilling rigs work simultaneously to improve efficiency. There is no limit to the drilling depth. It can drill one meter at a time and repeat multiple times, or it can drill to the same depth as the design depth of the pile foundation in one go.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circumferential core sampling specifically involves: using a core sampling tool to completely clean the rock core along the outline of the pile foundation to form a complete circumferential joint.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slag removal specifically involves using a slag removal tool, such as a core drill or a rock breaker, or other methods. The specific effect is to separate and break the stone in the middle of the circumferential joint from the mountain, and then clean the broken rock out from inside the pile foundation.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism at the bottom of the integrated multi-head drilling rig is multi-lobed. After locking, it is centrally positioned to avoid tilting. The locking operation is performed at the top of the integrated multi-head drilling rig, which can be manual or driven by a motor. The operation is performed at the top, which facilitates operation and installation.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated multi-head drilling rig integrates no less than two core drilling rigs, preferably three, and the important feature is that the multiple drilling rigs rotate synchronously around the center line of the pile foundation.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slag removal tool preferably uses a slag removal bucket. An important feature is that it is equipped with guide wheels one, two, three, and four. The cutting rope of the wire saw passes through guide wheels one to four, so that the cutting rope is laterally wrapped around the middle rock column and guided to the ground wire saw machine host through guide wheels three and four.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slag removal bucket is characterized by having a core clamping plate, which can hold the rock column in place. When the slag removal bucket is lifted by a lifting device, the rock column is simultaneously pulled out of the pile, thus completing the slag removal.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] (1) The expansion locking mechanism at the bottom of the drilling rig can fix the integrated multi-head drilling rig at the central positioning hole, preventing the equipment from shifting during operation and affecting the overall drilling effect. By setting up multiple drilling rigs together, multiple holes can be opened at the same time, achieving automatic drilling and higher work efficiency. At the same time, no staff need to go down into the well to operate, making it safe and reliable.

[0021] (2) By setting up a core barrel and a core clamping plate, the core barrel is fixed to the rock column by the core clamping plate. Then, the rock column is cut off smoothly by setting up a wire saw guide wheel. Then, the core barrel can smoothly take out the cut rock core. The operation is simple and quick and highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the integrated multi-head drilling rig of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of the integrated multi-head drilling rig of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the core-taking cylinder of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a front view of the core-taking cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a top perspective view of the integrated multi-head drilling rig of the present invention after drilling;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a top perspective view of the core-taking barrel of the present invention during core retrieval;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a front sectional view of the core plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This describes the workflow of the pile foundation excavation method of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Column; 2. Drilling frame; 3. Drilling module; 4. Rotary mechanism; 5. Fixing sleeve; 6. Conical sleeve; 7. Thrust bearing; 8. Clamping nut; 9. Core barrel; 10. Lifting plate; 11. Core clamping plate; 12. Vertical wire saw guide wheel; 13. Connecting plate; 14. Centering column; 15. Horizontal wire saw guide wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 7As shown, a pile foundation excavation device includes an integrated multi-head drilling rig and a core sampling barrel 9. The integrated multi-head drilling rig integrates no less than two core sampling rigs, preferably three. A key feature is that multiple drilling rigs rotate synchronously around the center line of the pile foundation. The integrated multi-head drilling rig includes a column 1; both the upper and lower ends of the column 1 are rotatably connected to drilling frames 2 via connecting plates 13, and three drilling frames 2 are arranged in a circumferential array. Each of the three drilling frames 2 is equipped with a drilling module 3 (the number of drilling frames 2 needs to be designed according to the drilling module 3; when two sets of drilling modules 3 are set, two drilling frames 2 are designed accordingly; when three sets of drilling modules 3 are set, three drilling frames 2 are designed accordingly). The column 1... A rotary mechanism 4 is provided at the lower end, and the output end of the rotary mechanism 4 is connected to the lower end connecting plate 13 for transmission. A tapered sleeve 6 is provided at the lower end of the column 1, and a fixing sleeve 5 is fitted on the circumferential surface of the tapered sleeve 6. The tapered sleeve 6 and the fixing sleeve 5 are designed with multi-lobed expansion bolts, so that the column 1 can be locked at the central positioning hole to avoid deflection. The locking operation is at the top of the integrated multi-head drilling rig, which can be manual or driven by a motor. The drive is at the top, which is convenient for operation and installation. A thrust bearing 7 is provided on the circumferential surface of the upper end of the column 1, and a clamping nut 8 is provided at the upper end of the thrust bearing 7. The clamping nut 8 is provided on the column 1, and a connecting rod is provided in the middle of the clamping nut 8. The lower end of the connecting rod 9 is connected to the upper end of the conical sleeve 6, so that when the clamping nut 8 rotates downward, the connecting rod can drive the conical sleeve 6 to move downward, causing the fixing sleeve 5 to lose its clamping and fixing effect with the rock. A vertical wire saw guide wheel 12 and a horizontal wire saw guide wheel 15 are provided on the left outer wall of the lower end of the core barrel 9. Two vertical wire saw guide wheels 12 and two horizontal wire saw guide wheels 15 are symmetrically arranged front and back. The horizontal wire saw guide wheel 15 allows the rope to be wound around the lower end of the core barrel 9, encircling the core barrel 9 once. Then, when the core barrel 9 is placed over the rock core, the rope can be stably wound around the surface of the rock core. The vertical wire saw guide wheel 12 allows the two ends of the rope to be connected vertically... The wire saw guide wheel 12 leads to the wire saw, which then connects smoothly to the wire saw machine. The wire saw machine can then stably cut the rock core using the wire. The two horizontal wire saw guide wheels 15 and the vertical wire saw guide wheel 12 are guide wheels one, two, three, and four. The wire saw cutting rope passes through guide wheels one to four, allowing the cutting rope to wrap horizontally around the middle rock column and be guided to the ground wire saw machine main unit via the two vertical wire saw guide wheels 12. A rock core clamping plate 11 is provided on the outer surface of the lower end of the core barrel 9, and several rock core clamping plates 11 are arranged in a circumferential array. The rock core clamping plates 11 are rotatably installed inside the lower end of the core barrel 9 via a rotating rod, and a torsion spring is provided on the rotating rod, so that when the core barrel 9 is moved into the rock core, as... Figure 7As shown, the core clamping plate 11 is initially in an upward-sloping position. After the upper end of the core contacts the inner top wall of the core barrel 9, the core is cut. After cutting, as the core barrel 9 moves upward, the weight of the core rubs against the contact surface of the core clamping plate 11, while the core clamping plate 11 rotates downward under the action of a torsion spring, bringing it to a horizontal position. This allows several core clamping plates 11 to secure the core inside the core barrel 9, enabling the core barrel 9 to be lifted upward smoothly. The core sampler 9 is equipped with a lifting plate 10 on its upper surface, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the lifting plate 10. The through hole allows the lifting equipment to be smoothly connected to the lifting plate 10, and then the core sampler 9 can be lifted or lowered by the lifting plate 10. A centering column 14 is provided in the middle of the inner top wall of the core sampler 9. The centering column 14 can be inserted into the central positioning hole after the core sampler 9 is moved into the core, thereby improving the stability of the core sampler 9.

[0035] It should be noted that the setting of multiple drilling modules 3 can work simultaneously and drill multiple holes at once, which greatly improves the efficiency of pile foundation excavation. The optimal setting is three sets, because the three sets of drilling modules 3 will form a triangular support principle, making the equipment more stable as a whole during drilling and avoiding shaking of the equipment during operation, which would affect the drilling quality.

[0036] Example 2:

[0037] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, this invention also discloses a pile foundation excavation method, which specifically includes the following steps;

[0038] Step 1: Locate the center position and center line of the pile foundation using measuring instruments. Mark the center point and center line using lime or ink line. Then, use a drilling rig (either a core drilling rig or a non-core drilling rig) to drill a hole downwards along the center line of the pile foundation at the marked center, with the same depth as the pile foundation. Next, use a core sampling tool to extract the drilled rock core, ensuring that the center hole is free of debris and does not affect the subsequent equipment installation.

[0039] Step Two: Insert the fixing sleeve 5 and the conical sleeve 6 into the drilled center hole, then rotate and tighten the clamping nut 8 to lock the fixing sleeve 5 into the rock. Next, fix the integrated multi-head drilling rig in the center hole position, completing the center positioning and expansion locking of the integrated multi-head drilling rig. Then, start the integrated multi-head drilling rig to drill into the rock. Multiple drilling heads work simultaneously to improve efficiency. There is no limit to the drilling depth; it can drill one meter at a time, repeating multiple times, or drill to the same depth as the designed pile foundation depth in one go. After one drilling cycle, the integrated multi-head drilling rig moves upward to reset. Then, the integrated multi-head drilling rig rotates laterally at a certain angle and drills again until several holes are drilled to form an annular groove (e.g., Figure 5 The image shown is a top view after all the holes have been drilled, with several holes intersecting in pairs to form a ring.

[0040] Step 3: First, dismantle the integrated multi-head drilling rig, then use a core sampling tool to remove all the rock cores around the annular joint, clean it, and form a complete annular joint;

[0041] Step 4: Using lifting equipment, hoist the core sampler 9 (a core sampler or rock breaker can be used, or other methods; the specific effect is to separate and break the rock in the middle of the circumferential joint from the mountain, and then clean the broken rock out from inside the pile foundation) directly above the working face. Then, attach the wire saw rope to the horizontal wire saw guide wheel 15 at the lower end of the core sampler 9, so that the lower end of the rope wraps around the lower end of the core sampler 9, and then passes through one end of the vertical wire saw guide wheel 12 to connect with the wire saw machine. Figure 4 The process involves placing the core barrel 9 on the rock core, with the lower part of the rope wrapped around the rock core and the upper part of the rope connected to the wire saw. The core barrel 9 is then lowered, allowing the rock core from the middle of the working face to enter its interior. After the core barrel 9 moves to its lowest point, the centering post 14 at the top of the core barrel 9 is inserted into the center of the rock core, and the rock core clamping plate 11 engages with the bottom side of the rock core, thus fixing the rock core inside the core barrel 9. The wire saw then operates, causing the rope at the bottom of the core barrel 9 to rotate and retract, cutting the rock core laterally. The core barrel 9 is then lifted out of the rock, along with the cut rock core, and brought to the ground. The rock core clamping plate 11 is then struck with a tool to remove its clamping effect, causing the rock core to fall out of the core barrel 9. This allows the core barrel 9 to be used for the next cutting and core extraction, until all the rock core in the working face is removed.

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of pile foundation excavation, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: Step 1: Drilling a center positioning hole: calibrate the center of the measuring instrument, then drill a hole along the center line of the pile foundation with a drill machine, the depth of which is consistent with the depth of the pile foundation; Step 2: Drill installation and drilling: hoist the integrated multi-head drill machine over the center hole by hoisting equipment, then fix the bottom center of the integrated multi-head drill machine at the center hole position by expansion locking, then make the integrated multi-head drill machine work, so that the integrated multi-head drill machine drills the rock together, after the drilling is completed, the integrated multi-head drill machine is moved upward and reset, then the integrated multi-head drill machine is rotated horizontally by a certain angle and then drilled again, until several holes are drilled to form an annular groove; Step 3: Annular slot coring: the rock core in the annular slot is taken out by the coring tool; Step 4: Clearing slag: then hoist the coring tool to the rock core by hoisting equipment, then disconnect the rock and the mountain in the center area by the tool, and then clean the rock core in the center area out of the well by the coring tool through the hoisting equipment.

2. A method of pile foundation excavation according to claim 1, wherein, The drilling of the center positioning hole specifically comprises the following steps: first, measure and find the center positioning and center line of the pile foundation, mark the center point and center line by lime or ink bottle, and then drill a hole along the center line of the pile foundation by a drill machine (core drill or non-core drill), until the designed depth of the pile foundation, then take out the drilled rock core by the coring tool, to ensure that the center hole is free of debris and does not affect the subsequent installation of equipment.

3. A method of pile foundation excavation according to claim 1, wherein, The drill installation and drilling specifically comprises the following steps: fix the integrated multi-head drill machine at the center hole position by expansion bolts at the bottom of the integrated multi-head drill machine, complete the center positioning and expansion locking of the integrated multi-head drill machine, use the integrated multi-head drill machine, the number of integrated drill machines is not less than two, the multi-head drill machine works simultaneously to improve efficiency, and the drilling depth is not limited, which can be one meter at a time, multiple cycles, or the same depth as the designed depth of the pile foundation at one time.

4. A method of pile foundation excavation according to claim 1, wherein The annular slot coring specifically comprises the following steps: use the coring tool to clean the rock core on the pile foundation contour line completely to form a complete annular slot.

5. A method of pile foundation excavation according to claim 1, wherein The slag cleaning specifically comprises the following steps: use the slag cleaning tool, which can be a core barrel or a rock breaking hammer, or other methods, to separate and break the rock and the mountain in the middle of the annular slot, and then clean the broken rock out of the pile foundation.

6. A method of pile foundation excavation according to claim 1, wherein The locking mechanism at the bottom of the integrated multi-head drill machine is multi-petal, and after locking, it is centrally positioned to avoid deflection. The locking operation is at the top of the integrated multi-head drill machine, which can be manual or driven by a motor. The drive is at the top for easy operation and installation.

7. A pile foundation excavation apparatus, the integrated multi-head drill rig of claim 3, characterized by, The device integrates not less than two core drill machines, preferably three, and the important feature is that multiple drill machines rotate around the center line of the pile foundation simultaneously.

8. A tool according to claim 5, wherein, It is preferred to use a slag cleaning barrel, and the important feature is that guide wheels one, two, three and four are provided, and the cutting rope of the wire saw passes through the guide wheels one to four to achieve the horizontal winding of the cutting rope around the middle rock column, and is guided to the ground wire saw machine host through the guide wheels three and four.

9. The slag cleaning barrel of claim 8, further comprising a rock core clamping plate for clamping the rock column, which is lifted out of the pile by the hoisting equipment when the slag cleaning barrel is lifted, to complete the slag cleaning.

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