A geographic information surveying and mapping method and system based on satellite remote sensing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of geographic information surveying and mapping methods and systems based on satellite remote sensing, it is related to geographic surveying and mapping technical field, the method of the present application includes satellite remote sensing screening analysis, satellite remote sensing sensing analysis, geographic surveying and mapping state analysis and early warning prompt, by the overall construction corresponding to surveying and mapping target is acquired and analyzed, and then for wetland surveying and mapping screening obtains the satellite remote sensing of adaptation, and the sensing of satellite remote sensing corresponding surveying and mapping is judged, and then it is equipped with auxiliary in time when surveying and mapping accurate feeling is insufficient, effectively guarantee the geographic surveying and mapping of wetland corresponding, further understanding analysis is carried out to the geographic surveying and mapping situation of wetland corresponding, and then the trend situation of current wetland corresponding change is known, to carry out targeted maintenance, to effectively reduce the reduction of wetland, realize efficient wetland geographic data surveying and mapping, achieve timely wetland status understanding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geographic surveying and mapping technology, specifically to a geographic information surveying and mapping method and system based on satellite remote sensing. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, the application scope of satellite remote sensing technology has become increasingly broad, gradually becoming an important surveying and mapping method in many fields. By applying satellite remote sensing technology to geographic information surveying and mapping, we can efficiently understand the changes in wetland area and the reasons for these changes, and thus take corresponding measures to effectively reduce the reduction of wetland area. Based on satellite remote sensing, we can achieve comprehensive and efficient geographic information surveying and mapping.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as the invention patent application CN116206216B, disclose a method and system for vector geographic information acquisition based on remote sensing imagery. This vector geographic information acquisition system includes a server, a remote sensing image acquisition and analysis module, a remote sensing image quality analysis module, a vector graphic conversion and analysis module, and an image acquisition cycle monitoring module. This invention uses the remote sensing image acquisition and analysis module to acquire and analyze remote sensing images. The remote sensing image quality analysis module performs quality analysis on the remote sensing images of the required monitoring area and appropriately labels them, facilitating the selection and use of remote sensing images by relevant regulatory personnel. The image acquisition cycle monitoring module monitors the periodic acquisition of remote sensing images, enabling relevant regulatory personnel to take timely countermeasures to improve subsequent acquisition conditions. Furthermore, the vector graphic conversion and analysis module enables automatic and accurate analysis of changes in the monitored area, facilitating timely and targeted investigations of the monitored area by relevant regulatory personnel.

[0004] The above-mentioned solutions have the following technical problems: The invention primarily analyzes the quality of remote sensing images to facilitate the selection and use of these images by regulatory personnel, enabling targeted investigations of the monitored area. However, it does not map the overall structure of the target based on requirements, thus failing to select suitable satellite remote sensing for the target. It cannot provide effective satellite remote sensing mapping for wetlands, nor does it analyze the mapping perception capabilities of the allocated satellite remote sensing data for wetlands. This makes it impossible to promptly detect accuracy issues in satellite remote sensing mapping, leading to discrepancies between mapping data and physical data. Furthermore, it does not address the accuracy issues inherent in satellite remote sensing mapping, nor does it equip corresponding ground-based auxiliary equipment for wetland mapping. It fails to achieve comprehensive satellite remote sensing geographic mapping of wetlands, and it lacks in-depth analysis of changes after wetland mapping, making it impossible to understand current wetland change trends, timely maintenance in the event of wetland loss, and effective measures to curb wetland loss, thus exacerbating the damage caused by wetland degradation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a geographic information mapping method and system based on satellite remote sensing.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing, including: S1, satellite remote sensing screening and analysis: acquiring overall data under the mapping target of a wetland scene, and then screening to obtain the satellite remote sensing data corresponding to the wetland mapping.

[0007] S2. Satellite Remote Sensing Perception Analysis: Based on the satellite remote sensing data selected under wetland mapping, the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland is evaluated. When the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland is insufficient, the ground auxiliary equipment under the satellite remote sensing mapping is further analyzed.

[0008] S3. Geographic Mapping Status Analysis: Based on the satellite remote sensing and ground-based auxiliary equipment used in wetland mapping, the geographic images corresponding to the wetland are obtained, and the area changes of the corresponding wetland are predicted. The reasons for the trend of wetland area reduction are analyzed, and maintenance measures under the trend of wetland area reduction are analyzed.

[0009] S4. Early Warning: An early warning will be issued when the area of ​​wetlands shows a decreasing trend.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a geographic information mapping system based on satellite remote sensing, comprising: a satellite remote sensing screening and analysis module, used to acquire overall data under a wetland scene as the mapping target, and then screen to obtain the satellite remote sensing data corresponding to the wetland.

[0011] The satellite remote sensing perception and analysis module is used to evaluate the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland by satellite remote sensing. When the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland by satellite remote sensing is insufficient, the module further analyzes and obtains the ground auxiliary equipment corresponding to the satellite remote sensing mapping of the wetland.

[0012] The geographic mapping status analysis module is used to acquire geographic images of wetlands, predict changes in wetland area, analyze the reasons for wetland area reduction trends, and propose maintenance measures for wetland area reduction trends.

[0013] The early warning module is used to issue early warnings when the area of ​​the corresponding wetland shows a decreasing trend.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a geographic information mapping method and system based on satellite remote sensing. By acquiring and analyzing the overall structure corresponding to the mapping target, suitable satellite remote sensing data is selected for wetland mapping, and the perception capability of the satellite remote sensing mapping is evaluated. This allows for timely assistance when the mapping accuracy is insufficient, effectively ensuring the geographic mapping of wetlands. At the same time, further understanding and analysis of the geographic mapping situation of wetlands is conducted to know the current trend of wetland changes, thereby enabling targeted maintenance to effectively reduce wetland loss, achieve efficient wetland geographic data mapping, and achieve timely understanding of the current status of wetlands.

[0015] 2. Based on the overall data constructed corresponding to the surveying and mapping targets, satellite remote sensing data corresponding to wetlands is then selected, thereby equipping wetland surveying and mapping with the appropriate satellite remote sensing data to ensure effective wetland surveying and mapping.

[0016] 3. By analyzing and evaluating the perception capabilities of the satellite remote sensing equipment used in wetlands, we can efficiently understand the perception status of the satellite remote sensing, thereby enabling timely perception and mapping assistance, improving the accuracy of wetland-related geographic mapping, and ensuring that wetlands are comprehensively, accurately, and effectively mapped.

[0017] 4. Based on the screening and further improvement of satellite remote sensing and mapping, we can obtain the corresponding wetland mapping and geographic data, analyze the area change trend of the corresponding wetland, understand the reasons for the reduction, and carry out corresponding maintenance based on the reasons. This will effectively curb the reduction of wetland area, reduce the losses caused by wetland reduction, protect the current state of wetlands, and achieve efficient and comprehensive wetland geographic satellite remote sensing and mapping. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation steps of the method of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure connection of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 As shown, a geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing includes: S1, satellite remote sensing screening and analysis: acquiring overall data of a wetland scene as the mapping target, and then screening to obtain the satellite remote sensing data corresponding to the wetland.

[0023] It should be noted that the overall data of the wetland composition is obtained from the database. By organizing the overall wetland composition, physical, ecological and spatial data of the wetland composition are obtained. The overall data of the wetland is then obtained from the physical, ecological and spatial data. The physical data includes land cover type, topography and elevation, etc.; ecological data includes vegetation type, biological type and soil salinity, etc.; spatial data includes spatial resolution and temporal resolution, etc.

[0024] It should also be noted that different mapping targets require different satellite remote sensing methods. For example, if the mapping target is a body of water or a building, it is suitable for optical remote sensing, while if the mapping target is crop species identification, it is suitable for multispectral remote sensing.

[0025] It should also be noted that, for example, single-type satellite remote sensing can be optical remote sensing or lidar remote sensing; combined satellite remote sensing can be a combination of multispectral and thermal infrared or a combination of optical and SAR, etc.

[0026] It should also be noted that the comprehensive datasets for mapping corresponding to each satellite remote sensing system are compiled by professional satellite researchers.

[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific screening process for obtaining the satellite remote sensing data corresponding to the wetland is as follows: The overall data corresponding to the wetland is compared with the comprehensive data sets of each satellite remote sensing mapping stored in the database. If the overall data corresponding to the wetland exists only in one comprehensive data set of a certain satellite remote sensing mapping stored in the database, it is determined that the current wetland mapping requirement is a single type of satellite remote sensing, and this satellite remote sensing is used as the satellite remote sensing for wetland mapping. If the overall data corresponding to the wetland is the same as the data in at least two comprehensive data sets of each satellite remote sensing mapping stored in the database, it is determined that the current wetland mapping requirement is to be equipped with a combined type of satellite remote sensing, and the satellite remote sensing corresponding to each comprehensive data set containing the overall data is used as the satellite remote sensing for wetland mapping, thus obtaining the set of satellite remote sensing for wetland mapping, and thereby selecting the satellite remote sensing for wetland mapping.

[0028] Based on the overall data constructed corresponding to the mapping target, satellite remote sensing data corresponding to the wetland is then selected, thereby equipping the wetland mapping with the appropriate satellite remote sensing data to ensure the effective mapping of the wetland.

[0029] S2. Satellite Remote Sensing Perception Analysis: Based on the satellite remote sensing data selected under wetland mapping, the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland is evaluated. When the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland is insufficient, the ground auxiliary equipment under the satellite remote sensing mapping is further analyzed.

[0030] It should be noted that current satellite remote sensing technology cannot achieve complete mapping coverage and may fail to distinguish subtle spectral details. Therefore, it is necessary to add corresponding ground-based auxiliary equipment when using satellite remote sensing technology to ensure the accuracy of geographic information mapping of the target.

[0031] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the evaluation process for assessing the mapping and perception capability of the wetland corresponding to satellite remote sensing is as follows: Based on the mapping of the wetland by satellite remote sensing, the measured data of each type of wetland under the satellite remote sensing mapping are obtained. The measured data of each type of wetland under the satellite remote sensing mapping are compared with the actual standard type data defined for the wetland. If there is a difference between the measured data of a certain type of wetland under the satellite remote sensing mapping and the actual standard type data defined for the wetland, it is determined that the mapping and perception capability of the wetland under the satellite remote sensing mapping is insufficient, and ground auxiliary equipment needs to be equipped to perform subsequent geographic mapping. If there is no difference between the measured data of a certain type of wetland under the satellite remote sensing mapping and the actual standard type data defined for the wetland, it is determined that the mapping and perception capability of the wetland under the satellite remote sensing mapping is qualified. This is how the mapping and perception capability of the wetland under the satellite remote sensing mapping is evaluated.

[0032] It should be noted that the actual standard type data corresponding to the wetland definition were formulated by professional wetland researchers; the actual standard type data of wetlands is used as a reference to judge whether the definition of each measured type data under the current satellite remote sensing wetland mapping is accurate.

[0033] It should be noted that the ground object spectral data set is set by professional manufacturers when manufacturing various ground auxiliary equipment; the ground object spectral data set is to more clearly show whether the current ground auxiliary equipment contains spectral data that is insufficient for satellite remote sensing, so as to match the corresponding ground auxiliary equipment when there are deficiencies in satellite remote sensing mapping.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of the ground auxiliary equipment corresponding to the wetland under satellite remote sensing mapping is carried out as follows: When the mapping perception capability of the wetland corresponding to the satellite remote sensing is insufficient, the mapping band under the insufficient mapping perception capability of the wetland corresponding to the satellite remote sensing is obtained, and the measured spectral data corresponding to the mapping band is extracted. The measured spectral data of the wetland corresponding to the satellite remote sensing is compared with the ground object spectral data set corresponding to each ground auxiliary equipment. If the measured spectral data of the wetland corresponding to the satellite remote sensing is within the spectral data set corresponding to a certain ground auxiliary equipment, then the ground auxiliary equipment corresponding to the spectral data set is taken as the ground auxiliary equipment under the satellite remote sensing mapping of the wetland. In this way, the ground auxiliary equipment corresponding to the wetland under satellite remote sensing mapping is obtained.

[0035] By analyzing and evaluating the sensing capabilities of satellite remote sensing equipment deployed in wetlands, we can efficiently understand the sensing status of satellite remote sensing, thereby enabling timely sensing and mapping assistance. This will improve the accuracy of wetland-related geographic mapping and ensure that wetlands are comprehensively, accurately, and effectively mapped.

[0036] S3. Geographic Mapping Status Analysis: Based on the satellite remote sensing and ground-based auxiliary equipment used in wetland mapping, the geographic images corresponding to the wetland are obtained, and the area changes of the corresponding wetland are predicted. The reasons for the trend of wetland area reduction are analyzed, and maintenance measures under the trend of wetland area reduction are analyzed.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition process of obtaining the geographic image corresponding to the wetland is as follows: A1. Based on the spectral differences of the wetland mapping corresponding to satellite remote sensing, the supplementary mapping area of ​​the wetland corresponding to the ground auxiliary equipment is obtained. According to the preset time period of the initial mapping of the wetland corresponding to satellite remote sensing, the wetland images mapped under each preset time period corresponding to the initial mapping of the wetland are obtained. The wetland images under each preset time period are arranged in the order of time period. The wetland images under the same mapping time period are obtained in advance. By retaining the first image in each sequential time period under each identical wetland image, the retained time periods after the wetland images are removed are obtained. The time period difference between each retained time period is used as the preset time period reference for the current mapping of the wetland corresponding to satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment. In this way, the supplementary mapping area and mapping time interval corresponding to satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment are obtained.

[0038] A2. Based on the above analysis, conduct wetland mapping to obtain the corresponding geographic images of the wetlands, and extract the band data of the wetland mapping from them, including the visible light band, the visible infrared band, and the microwave band.

[0039] It should be noted that the initial surveying period for the wetlands was set by professional surveyors.

[0040] It should be noted that, for example, if the preset time periods for the initial wetland survey are 8:02, 8:04, 8:06, and 8:08, when the images at 8:02 and 8:04 are the same, or the images at 8:06 and 8:08 are the same, then the images at 8:02 and 8:06 are retained, and each retained time period is obtained. At the same time, based on the time difference between each retained time period, the reference survey time interval for the corresponding wetland survey is obtained, which is 4 minutes.

[0041] It should be noted that the band data of the wetland is extracted from the corresponding surveying and mapping geographic images using remote sensing image processing software such as ENVI or ArcGIS.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the prediction of the area change corresponding to the wetland is carried out in the following specific process: based on the mapping band data corresponding to the wetland, and obtaining the standard state interval corresponding to the historical mapping band data corresponding to the wetland from the database, the comprehensive mapping state value corresponding to the wetland is then analyzed. If the comprehensive mapping state value corresponding to the wetland is 0, it is determined that the area change corresponding to the wetland shows a decreasing trend. In this case, further analysis of the current wetland decreasing situation is required to prevent the expansion of the wetland decreasing trend, thereby predicting the area change corresponding to the wetland.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the analysis yields the comprehensive mapping status value corresponding to the wetland. The specific analysis process is as follows: Calculation formula: ,in This represents the comprehensive survey and mapping status value corresponding to the wetland. This refers to the standard state interval corresponding to the historical wetland mapping band data. Band data for wetland mapping by satellite remote sensing and ground-based auxiliary equipment. The numbering of the band data, 1, 2, and 3 represent the visible light band, visible infrared band, and microwave band, respectively. The visible light band corresponds to the standard state range of the visible light band, the visible infrared band corresponds to the standard state range of the visible infrared band, and the microwave band corresponds to the standard state range of the microwave band.

[0044] It should be noted that the standard state range is set by professional wetland management personnel. The standard state range is a reference value used to determine the current change in the corresponding area of ​​the wetland.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of the reasons for the wetland area reduction trend is as follows: obtain the wavebands corresponding to each historical wetland under a preset period, and arrange the wavebands from each historical wetland to the current wetland in order of the period to obtain the wave reduction value of the corresponding wavebands from the historical wetland to the current wetland. Compare the wave reduction value corresponding to the wetland with the reduction values ​​of each reference waveband corresponding to the wetland stored in the database. If the wave reduction value corresponding to the wetland is the same as the reduction value of a certain reference waveband corresponding to the wetland stored in the database, then the reduction reason of the wetland corresponding to the reduction value of the reference waveband is taken as the reason for the current wetland area change showing a reduction trend.

[0046] Then, a reference reduction feature data set corresponding to the reduction cause is extracted from the database. The reference reduction feature data set is compared with the reduction feature data obtained from the current wetland mapping by satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment. If the reference reduction feature data set contains the reduction feature data obtained from the current wetland mapping by satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment, then the reduction cause is determined to be the reason for the wetland area reduction trend.

[0047] It should be noted that the reduction characteristic data obtained from satellite remote sensing and ground-based auxiliary equipment for wetland mapping includes eutrophication caused by wastewater discharge or wetland reclamation resulting in missing area characteristics of wetland regions. When satellite remote sensing maps the green light reflectance of the water body corresponding to the wetland, and compares the green light reflectance of the water body corresponding to the wetland with that of normal water bodies, if the green light reflectance of the water body corresponding to the wetland is stronger than that of normal water bodies, then the water body corresponding to the wetland is determined to be eutrophic. Based on the land image corresponding to the wetland obtained from satellite remote sensing mapping, and compared with historical wetland land images stored in the database, the missing area characteristics of the wetland are obtained.

[0048] It should be noted that the timeframe and reference reduction feature data set are preset by professional surveyors.

[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of maintenance measures under the corresponding wetland area reduction trend is carried out as follows: Based on the analyzed reasons for the reduction trend of wetland area change, the cause type of the wetland area reduction trend is compared with the historical cause types corresponding to wetland reduction maintenance measures stored in the database. If the cause type of the wetland area reduction trend is the same as a certain historical cause type corresponding to wetland reduction maintenance measures stored in the database, then the reduction maintenance measures corresponding to the historical cause type are taken as the maintenance measures under the current wetland area reduction trend, and real-time satellite remote sensing monitoring is continued to be performed on the treated wetland to analyze the maintenance measures under the corresponding wetland area reduction trend.

[0050] It should be noted that, based on the listed reduction characteristic data, the corresponding maintenance measures are illustrated. If the current cause of wetland reduction is eutrophication, then the supervision of the prohibition of sewage discharge will be strengthened, the inspection of wastewater discharge will be intensified, and the punishment for illegal wastewater discharge will be increased.

[0051] Based on the screening and further improvement of satellite remote sensing mapping, we can obtain the corresponding wetland mapping geographic data, analyze the corresponding wetland area change trend, understand the reasons for the reduction, and carry out corresponding maintenance based on the reasons. This will effectively curb the reduction of wetland area, reduce the losses caused by wetland reduction, protect the current state of wetlands, and achieve efficient and comprehensive wetland geographic satellite remote sensing mapping.

[0052] S4. Early Warning: An early warning will be issued when the area of ​​wetlands shows a decreasing trend.

[0053] Please see Figure 2 As shown, a geographic information mapping system based on satellite remote sensing includes a satellite remote sensing screening and analysis module, a satellite remote sensing perception and analysis module, a geographic mapping status analysis module, an early warning and prompting module, and a database.

[0054] The satellite remote sensing screening and analysis module is connected to the satellite remote sensing perception and analysis module and the database, the satellite remote sensing perception and analysis module is connected to the geographic mapping status analysis module and the database, and the geographic mapping status analysis module is connected to the early warning and prompting module and the database.

[0055] The satellite remote sensing screening and analysis module is used to acquire overall data for wetland scenes as the mapping target, and then screen out the corresponding satellite remote sensing data for the wetland.

[0056] The satellite remote sensing perception and analysis module is used to evaluate the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland by satellite remote sensing. When the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland by satellite remote sensing is insufficient, the module further analyzes and obtains the ground auxiliary equipment corresponding to the satellite remote sensing mapping of the wetland.

[0057] The geographic mapping status analysis module is used to acquire geographic images of wetlands, predict changes in wetland area, analyze the reasons for wetland area reduction trends, and propose maintenance measures for wetland area reduction trends.

[0058] The early warning module is used to issue early warnings when the area of ​​the corresponding wetland shows a decreasing trend.

[0059] The database stores overall data, comprehensive data sets, data of various measured types, data of various actual standard types, surveying bands, measured spectral data, ground object spectral data sets, band data, standard state intervals, reduction values ​​of various reference bands, reference reduction characteristic data sets, and wetland reduction and maintenance measures.

[0060] This invention, through the acquisition and analysis of the overall structure corresponding to the mapping target, selects suitable satellite remote sensing for wetland mapping, and evaluates the perception capability of the satellite remote sensing for mapping. This allows for timely supplementary mapping when accuracy is insufficient, effectively ensuring the geographic mapping of wetlands. Furthermore, it provides a deeper understanding and analysis of the geographic mapping situation of wetlands, revealing current trends in wetland changes and enabling targeted maintenance to effectively reduce wetland loss. This achieves efficient wetland geographic data mapping and timely understanding of the current wetland status.

[0061] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined in this specification, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing, characterized in that, include: S1. Satellite remote sensing screening and analysis: Obtain overall data for wetland scenes as the mapping target, and then screen to obtain the corresponding satellite remote sensing data of the wetland. S2. Satellite Remote Sensing Perception Analysis: Based on the satellite remote sensing data selected under wetland mapping, the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland is evaluated. When the mapping perception capability of the corresponding wetland is insufficient, the ground auxiliary equipment under the corresponding satellite remote sensing mapping is analyzed. S3. Geographic mapping status analysis: Based on the satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment equipped for wetland mapping, the geographic images corresponding to the wetland mapping are obtained, and then the area change of the corresponding wetland is predicted. The reasons for the wetland area reduction trend are analyzed, and the maintenance measures under the wetland area reduction trend are analyzed. The prediction yields the corresponding area change of the wetland, and the specific prediction process is as follows: Based on the mapping band data corresponding to the wetland, and by obtaining the standard state interval corresponding to the historical mapping band data of the wetland from the database, the comprehensive mapping state value of the wetland is obtained. If the comprehensive mapping state value of the wetland is 0, it is determined that the area of ​​the wetland is showing a decreasing trend. Further analysis of the current wetland decreasing situation is needed to prevent the expansion of the wetland decreasing trend, thereby predicting the area change of the wetland. The analysis yielded the comprehensive mapping status value of the wetland, and the specific analysis process is as follows: Calculation formula: ,in This represents the comprehensive survey and mapping status value corresponding to the wetland. This refers to the standard state interval corresponding to the historical wetland mapping band data. Band data for wetland mapping by satellite remote sensing and ground-based auxiliary equipment. The numbering of the band data, 1, 2, and 3 represent the visible light band, visible infrared band, and microwave band, respectively. The visible light band corresponds to the standard state range of the visible light band, the visible infrared band corresponds to the standard state range of the visible infrared band, and the microwave band corresponds to the standard state range of the microwave band. S4. Early Warning: An early warning will be issued when the area of ​​wetlands shows a decreasing trend.

2. The geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screening process yields satellite remote sensing data corresponding to the wetlands. The specific screening process is as follows: The overall data corresponding to the wetland is compared with the comprehensive data sets corresponding to each satellite remote sensing survey stored in the database. If the overall data corresponding to the wetland exists only in one comprehensive data set corresponding to a certain satellite remote sensing survey stored in the database, it is determined that the current wetland survey requirement is a single type of satellite remote sensing, and that satellite remote sensing is used as the satellite remote sensing for wetland surveying. If the overall data corresponding to the wetland is the same as the data in at least two comprehensive data sets corresponding to each satellite remote sensing survey stored in the database, it is determined that the current wetland survey requirement is to equip a combined type of satellite remote sensing, and the satellite remote sensing corresponding to each comprehensive data set containing the overall data is used as the satellite remote sensing for wetland surveying, thus obtaining the set of satellite remote sensing for wetland surveying. This process is used to filter and obtain the satellite remote sensing for wetland surveying.

3. The geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The evaluation process for assessing the mapping and sensing capabilities of satellite remote sensing for corresponding wetlands is as follows: Based on satellite remote sensing of wetlands, the measured data of various types of wetlands are obtained. These measured data are then compared with the data of the corresponding standard types of wetlands as defined by satellite remote sensing. If a certain measured data of a certain type of wetland differs from the corresponding standard type of wetland, the satellite remote sensing perception capability of the wetland is deemed insufficient, and ground-based auxiliary equipment is required to perform subsequent geographic surveying. If no difference exists between the measured data of a certain type of wetland and the corresponding standard type of wetland, the satellite remote sensing perception capability of the wetland is deemed satisfactory. This is used to evaluate the satellite remote sensing perception capability of the wetlands.

4. The geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The analysis yielded ground-based auxiliary equipment corresponding to the satellite remote sensing mapping of the wetland. The specific analysis process is as follows: When the satellite remote sensing capability for mapping wetlands is insufficient, the mapping bands corresponding to the insufficient satellite remote sensing capability are acquired, and the measured spectral data corresponding to the mapping bands are extracted. The measured spectral data of the satellite remote sensing mapping of wetlands are compared with the set of ground object spectral data corresponding to each ground auxiliary device. If the measured spectral data of the satellite remote sensing mapping of wetlands is within the set of spectral data corresponding to a certain ground auxiliary device, then the ground auxiliary device corresponding to the spectral data set is taken as the ground auxiliary device under the satellite remote sensing mapping of wetlands. In this way, the ground auxiliary devices under the satellite remote sensing mapping of wetlands are obtained.

5. A geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The specific process for obtaining the geographic image corresponding to the wetland is as follows: A1. Based on the spectral differences of wetland mapping corresponding to satellite remote sensing, the supplementary mapping area of ​​wetland corresponding to ground auxiliary equipment is obtained. According to the preset time period of the initial mapping of wetland corresponding to satellite remote sensing, the wetland images mapped under each preset time period of the initial mapping of wetland corresponding to satellite remote sensing are obtained. The wetland images under each preset time period are arranged in the order of time period. The images of each wetland under the same mapping time period are obtained in advance. By retaining the first image in each sequential time period under each identical wetland image, the retention time period after the wetland image is removed is obtained. The time period difference between each retention time period is used as the preset time period reference for the current mapping of wetland corresponding to satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment. In this way, the supplementary mapping area and mapping time interval corresponding to satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment are obtained. A2. Based on the above analysis, conduct wetland mapping to obtain the corresponding geographic images of the wetlands, and extract the band data of the wetland mapping from them, including the visible light band, the visible infrared band, and the microwave band.

6. The geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis revealed the reasons for the wetland area reduction trend, and the specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the bands corresponding to each historical wetland under a preset time limit, and arrange the bands from each historical wetland to the current wetland in order of time limit. This yields the wave reduction value of the corresponding bands from the historical wetland to the current wetland. Compare the wave reduction value corresponding to the wetland with the reduction values ​​of each reference band corresponding to the wetland stored in the database. If the wave reduction value corresponding to the wetland is the same as the reduction value of a certain reference band corresponding to the wetland stored in the database, then the reason for the reduction of the wetland corresponding to the reduction value of the reference band is taken as the reason for the current wetland area showing a decreasing trend. Then, a reference reduction feature data set corresponding to the reduction cause is extracted from the database. The reference reduction feature data set is compared with the reduction feature data obtained from the current wetland mapping by satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment. If the reference reduction feature data set contains the reduction feature data obtained from the current wetland mapping by satellite remote sensing and ground auxiliary equipment, then the reduction cause is determined to be the reason for the wetland area reduction trend.

7. A geographic information mapping method based on satellite remote sensing as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The analysis identified maintenance measures under the trend of wetland area reduction. The specific analysis process is as follows: Based on the analysis of the reasons for the decreasing trend of wetland area, the types of reasons for the decreasing trend of wetland area are compared with the historical types of reasons corresponding to wetland reduction maintenance measures stored in the database. If the type of reasons for the decreasing trend of wetland area is the same as a historical type of reason corresponding to wetland reduction maintenance measures stored in the database, then the reduction maintenance measures corresponding to that historical type of reason are taken as the maintenance measures under the current decreasing trend of wetland area. Real-time satellite remote sensing monitoring is continued on the treated wetlands to analyze the maintenance measures under the decreasing trend of wetland area.

8. A satellite remote sensing geographic information mapping system that implements the satellite remote sensing-based geographic information mapping method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The satellite remote sensing screening and analysis module is used to acquire overall data for wetland scenes as the mapping target, and then screen out the corresponding satellite remote sensing data of the wetland. The satellite remote sensing perception and analysis module is used to evaluate the mapping perception capability of the wetland corresponding to the satellite remote sensing. When the mapping perception capability of the wetland corresponding to the satellite remote sensing is insufficient, the module further analyzes and obtains the ground auxiliary equipment corresponding to the wetland under the satellite remote sensing mapping. The geographic mapping status analysis module is used to acquire the geographic images corresponding to the wetlands, predict the changes in the area of ​​the wetlands, analyze the reasons for the trend of wetland area reduction, and analyze the maintenance measures under the trend of wetland area reduction. The early warning module is used to issue early warnings when the area of ​​the corresponding wetland shows a decreasing trend.

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