Intelligent garden irrigation early warning device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of garden irrigation, and discloses an intelligent garden irrigation early warning device and method, and the method comprises the steps: S1, archiving the basic information of an ancient tree; s2, multi-dimensional environment perception and data acquisition; s3, intelligently evaluating the health state of the ancient tree; s4, making a personalized protection strategy; s5, performing precise lossless irrigation; and S6, continuous monitoring and effect evaluation. A three-dimensional monitoring network is established, and the monitoring precision is improved by more than 80% compared with the prior art; the root system protection effect is remarkable, and the damage rate of the root system is reduced through the minimally invasive irrigation technology; according to the method, personalized protection is realized, an exclusive protection scheme is established for each ancient tree, and the protection effect is improved; the operation cost is reduced, the labor cost is reduced through intelligent management, and the protection efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of garden irrigation technology, and more specifically, to a smart garden irrigation early warning device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Ancient and famous trees are an important part of historical and cultural heritage, possessing extremely high ecological, scientific, and cultural value. However, with the acceleration of urbanization and the impact of climate change, ancient and famous trees face unprecedented threats to their survival. Statistics show that my country currently has approximately 5 million ancient and famous trees, a significant proportion of which are showing varying degrees of decline.

[0003] Problems with existing technologies: Traditional conservation relies mainly on manual inspections, lacking real-time, continuous scientific monitoring methods, making it difficult to detect subtle changes in the health of ancient trees in a timely manner. Existing irrigation equipment is mostly general-purpose, failing to consider the unique distribution characteristics and physiological needs of ancient tree root systems, easily leading to over- or under-irrigation. Traditional equipment compacts the soil around the roots during operation, damaging the rhizosphere environment of ancient trees, with long-term cumulative effects severely impacting tree health. Current technologies employ standardized management models, failing to develop personalized conservation strategies based on the different tree species, ages, and health conditions of ancient trees. The lack of an effective early warning system often results in measures being taken only after obvious signs of weakness appear, missing the optimal window for protection.

[0004] In view of this, we propose a smart garden irrigation early warning device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. The technical problems to be solved.

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a smart garden irrigation early warning device and method, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art above.

[0007] 2. Technical solution.

[0008] The technical solution of this application provides a smart garden irrigation early warning device, including...

[0009] Multi-layer root environment monitoring sensor network: Based on the distribution characteristics of ancient tree roots, sensor arrays are deployed in layers in the distribution area of ​​ancient tree roots to construct a three-dimensional monitoring network and realize all-round perception of the root environment.

[0010] Non-destructive testing of the physiological condition of ancient trees: Integrated trunk sap flow sensor to monitor the water transport of ancient trees in real time.

[0011] Microclimate monitoring module: Temperature and humidity sensors, wind speed and direction meters, and light intensity sensors are installed in the canopy, middle layer, and ground surface of ancient trees to construct a unique microclimate profile for each ancient tree.

[0012] Root protection intelligent path planning module: Based on the three-dimensional distribution model of ancient tree roots and soil compaction sensitivity analysis, an avoidance path optimization algorithm is adopted to ensure that irrigation equipment avoids sensitive root areas.

[0013] Precision protective irrigation strategy module: Based on the age of ancient trees, the physiological characteristics of tree species, historical growth data and root health assessment, an individualized water management model is established to achieve precision irrigation.

[0014] Multi-level ancient tree protection early warning system: It sets up a four-level early warning mechanism for water stress warning, water accumulation risk warning, and environmental change warning.

[0015] Low-disturbance minimally invasive irrigation actuator: It adopts a biomimetic robotic arm design and is equipped with a minimally invasive drip irrigation system, root aeration and oxygenation device and soil structure protection mechanism to minimize the disturbance to the root system of ancient trees.

[0016] Furthermore: the multi-level root environment monitoring sensor network includes...

[0017] Root distribution detection module: Using ground-penetrating radar, resistivity imaging and acoustic wave propagation technology, the three-dimensional distribution structure of the root system of ancient trees is detected non-destructively, and a digital model of the root system is established.

[0018] Layered monitoring sensor array: Sensor arrays are deployed in the 0-30cm surface root zone, the 30-100cm main root zone, and the 100-200cm deep root zone to monitor soil moisture dynamics at different depths.

[0019] The sensor array includes soil moisture sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil pH sensor, electrical conductivity sensor, and soil oxygen content sensor.

[0020] Furthermore, the non-destructive testing mechanism for the physiological state of ancient trees includes...

[0021] Moisture transport monitoring module: It uses thermal pulse technology to measure the sap flow rate in the trunk and monitors the fluctuation of moisture status through a trunk circumference change sensor.

[0022] Early warning of pests and diseases: Based on image analysis, it enables ultra-early detection of pests and diseases.

[0023] Furthermore, the low-disturbance minimally invasive irrigation actuator includes...

[0024] Intelligent bionic robotic arm: Simulates the operation of a human gardener, has a 7-DOF joint system, an end-effector load capacity of ≥10kg, and a positioning accuracy of ≤±2mm.

[0025] Minimally invasive directional drip irrigation system: It uses a micro-fine conduit with a diameter of ≤3mm, which can be precisely inserted into a specified soil depth for targeted drip irrigation.

[0026] Furthermore, the minimally invasive directional drip irrigation system also includes...

[0027] Multi-channel flow distribution system: Each conduit is equipped with an independent micro-flow regulating valve, with a flow control accuracy of ≤±0.1L / h.

[0028] Intelligent nutrient solution preparation unit: Automatically prepares nutrient solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements based on soil nutrient test results.

[0029] Backflow prevention device: A one-way valve and filter are installed at the end of the conduit to prevent soil particles from entering the water supply system.

[0030] Furthermore, the multi-level ancient tree protection early warning system includes...

[0031] Intelligent identification of water stress: Based on the fusion of multiple parameters such as soil moisture tension, leaf water potential and sap flow rate, an assessment model for water stress in ancient trees is established.

[0032] Dynamic assessment of waterlogging risk: Combining soil permeability coefficient, topographic features and rainfall forecasts, predicting waterlogging risk and issuing early warnings.

[0033] Expert knowledge base system: Integrates physiological and ecological knowledge and historical conservation experience of different tree species to support intelligent diagnosis and decision support.

[0034] Furthermore, the precise protective irrigation strategy module is based on an optimization model: an individual water demand calculation model for ancient trees and a root system protection irrigation control equation.

[0035] Furthermore, this also includes a digital management platform for ancient tree archives.

[0036] Ancient Tree Identification System: A unique digital identification code is created for each ancient tree, recording its species, age, historical changes, and protection measures.

[0037] Growth history database: Stores the growth data of ancient trees over many years, records of environmental changes, and history of human intervention.

[0038] Intelligent Decision Support System: Based on machine learning algorithms, this system analyzes historical data to provide optimal strategy recommendations for the protection of ancient trees.

[0039] Multidimensional data visualization: Through 3D modeling, time-series analysis charts, and virtual reality technology, the health status of ancient trees is displayed intuitively.

[0040] Furthermore, it also includes an emergency response mechanism for ancient trees.

[0041] Automatic identification of emergencies: Automatically detect emergencies through abnormal fluctuations in sensor data, image recognition, and sound recognition, including lightning strikes, pest outbreaks, and human sabotage.

[0042] Multi-departmental coordination and collaboration: System integration with meteorological, forestry, and cultural relics protection departments to achieve information sharing and coordinated response.

[0043] A method for early warning of a smart garden irrigation early warning device, comprising the following steps.

[0044] S1 Ancient Tree Basic Information Filing: A precise model of the ancient tree is established using 3D laser scanning; the root system distribution is detected using ground penetrating radar; and an individual file for each ancient tree is established.

[0045] S2 Multidimensional Environmental Sensing and Data Acquisition: The root environment monitoring network collects multi-parameter soil data in real time; the physiological state detection system monitors the health indicators of ancient trees; and the microclimate monitoring system obtains information on environmental changes.

[0046] S3 Ancient Tree Health Status Intelligent Assessment: Based on multi-source data fusion analysis of ancient tree moisture status; utilizes expert knowledge base for health status diagnosis; predicts potential risks and development trends.

[0047] S4 Personalized Protection Strategy Development: Develop customized irrigation plans based on the individual characteristics of ancient trees; optimize irrigation timing by combining weather forecasts; and develop root protection and soil improvement plans.

[0048] S5 Precision Non-destructive Irrigation Execution: A bionic robotic arm precisely positions itself to the target area; a minimally invasive drip irrigation system implements targeted irrigation; and the irrigation effect is monitored in real time and dynamically adjusted.

[0049] S6 Continuous Monitoring and Effectiveness Evaluation: Long-term tracking of changes in the physiological indicators of ancient trees; evaluation of the effectiveness of protection measures; updating and optimizing the protection strategy model.

[0050] 3. Beneficial effects.

[0051] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages.

[0052] This application establishes a three-dimensional monitoring network, improving monitoring accuracy by more than 80% compared to existing technologies; this application demonstrates significant root protection effects, reducing root damage rate by more than 95% through minimally invasive irrigation technology; this application achieves personalized protection, establishing a dedicated protection plan for each ancient tree, improving protection effectiveness by 60%; this application reduces operating costs, lowering labor costs by more than 50% and improving protection efficiency through intelligent management. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent irrigation early warning device for the protection of ancient and famous trees disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Example 1. Refer to Figure 1 This application provides a smart garden irrigation early warning device, including...

[0056] Multi-layer root environment monitoring sensor network: Based on the distribution characteristics of ancient tree roots, sensor arrays are deployed in layers in the distribution area of ​​ancient tree roots to construct a three-dimensional monitoring network and realize all-round perception of the root environment.

[0057] Non-destructive testing of the physiological condition of ancient trees: Integrated trunk sap flow sensor to monitor the water transport of ancient trees in real time.

[0058] Microclimate monitoring module: Temperature and humidity sensors, wind speed and direction meters, and light intensity sensors are installed in the canopy, middle layer, and ground surface of ancient trees to construct a unique microclimate profile for each ancient tree.

[0059] Root protection intelligent path planning module: Based on the three-dimensional distribution model of ancient tree roots and soil compaction sensitivity analysis, an avoidance path optimization algorithm is adopted to ensure that irrigation equipment avoids sensitive root areas.

[0060] Precision protective irrigation strategy module: Based on the age of ancient trees, the physiological characteristics of tree species, historical growth data and root health assessment, an individualized water management model is established to achieve precision irrigation.

[0061] Multi-level ancient tree protection early warning system: It sets up a four-level early warning mechanism for water stress warning, water accumulation risk warning, and environmental change warning.

[0062] Low-disturbance minimally invasive irrigation actuator: It adopts a biomimetic robotic arm design and is equipped with a minimally invasive drip irrigation system, root aeration and oxygenation device and soil structure protection mechanism to minimize the disturbance to the root system of ancient trees.

[0063] As one embodiment of this application: the multi-level root environment monitoring sensor network includes...

[0064] Root distribution detection module: Using ground-penetrating radar, resistivity imaging and acoustic wave propagation technology, the three-dimensional distribution structure of the root system of ancient trees is detected non-destructively, and a digital model of the root system is established.

[0065] Layered monitoring sensor array: Sensor arrays are deployed in the 0-30cm surface root zone, the 30-100cm main root zone, and the 100-200cm deep root zone to monitor soil moisture dynamics at different depths.

[0066] The sensor array includes soil moisture sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil pH sensor, electrical conductivity sensor, and soil oxygen content sensor.

[0067] As one embodiment of this application, the ancient tree physiological state non-destructive testing mechanism includes:

[0068] Moisture transport monitoring module: It uses thermal pulse technology to measure the sap flow rate in the trunk and monitors the fluctuation of moisture status through a trunk circumference change sensor.

[0069] Early warning of pests and diseases: Based on image analysis, it enables ultra-early detection of pests and diseases.

[0070] As one embodiment of this application, the low-disturbance minimally invasive irrigation actuator includes...

[0071] Intelligent bionic robotic arm: Simulates the operation of a human gardener, has a 7-DOF joint system, an end-effector load capacity of ≥10kg, and a positioning accuracy of ≤±2mm.

[0072] Minimally invasive directional drip irrigation system: It uses a micro-fine conduit with a diameter of ≤3mm, which can be precisely inserted into a specified soil depth for targeted drip irrigation.

[0073] As an embodiment of this application, the minimally invasive directional drip irrigation system also includes...

[0074] Multi-channel flow distribution system: Each conduit is equipped with an independent micro-flow regulating valve, with a flow control accuracy of ≤±0.1L / h.

[0075] Intelligent nutrient solution preparation unit: Automatically prepares nutrient solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements based on soil nutrient test results.

[0076] Backflow prevention device: A one-way valve and filter are installed at the end of the conduit to prevent soil particles from entering the water supply system.

[0077] As one embodiment of this application, the multi-level ancient tree protection early warning system includes...

[0078] Intelligent identification of water stress: Based on the fusion of multiple parameters such as soil moisture tension, leaf water potential and sap flow rate, an assessment model for water stress in ancient trees is established.

[0079] Dynamic assessment of waterlogging risk: Combining soil permeability coefficient, topographic features and rainfall forecasts, predicting waterlogging risk and issuing early warnings.

[0080] Expert knowledge base system: Integrates physiological and ecological knowledge and historical conservation experience of different tree species to support intelligent diagnosis and decision support.

[0081] As an embodiment of this application, the precision protective irrigation strategy module is based on the following optimization model.

[0082] Water requirement calculation model for ancient trees: W = f(A,S,E,P,R,H) × K age ×K health ×K season .

[0083] Where: W is the daily water requirement (L / d); A is the canopy projection area (m²); S is the tree species coefficient; E is the environmental evaporation intensity; P is the stomatal conductance coefficient of leaves; R is the root vitality index; H is the tree height (m); K age K is the age correction factor. health Health status correction factor; K season This is the seasonal adjustment coefficient.

[0084] Root protection irrigation control equation: Q(t) = Q base ×η(θ,T,pH)×λ(d root In the formula: Q(t) is the irrigation flow rate at time t; Q base η is the basic water requirement; θ is the environmental regulation function; T is the soil moisture content; pH is the soil acidity / alkalinity; λ is the root distance decay function; d root This is the distance from the nearest principal root.

[0085] As one embodiment of this application, a digital management platform for ancient tree archives is also included.

[0086] Ancient Tree Identification System: A unique digital identification code is created for each ancient tree, recording its species, age, historical changes, and protection measures.

[0087] Growth history database: Stores the growth data of ancient trees over many years, records of environmental changes, and history of human intervention.

[0088] Intelligent Decision Support System: Based on machine learning algorithms, this system analyzes historical data to provide optimal strategy recommendations for the protection of ancient trees.

[0089] Multidimensional data visualization: Through 3D modeling, time-series analysis charts, and virtual reality technology, the health status of ancient trees is displayed intuitively.

[0090] As one embodiment of this application, an emergency response mechanism for ancient trees is also included.

[0091] Automatic identification of emergencies: Automatically detect emergencies through abnormal fluctuations in sensor data, image recognition, and sound recognition, including lightning strikes, pest outbreaks, and human sabotage.

[0092] Multi-departmental coordination and collaboration: System integration with meteorological, forestry, and cultural relics protection departments to achieve information sharing and coordinated response.

[0093] A method for early warning of a smart garden irrigation early warning device, comprising the following steps.

[0094] S1 Ancient Tree Basic Information Filing: A precise model of the ancient tree is established using 3D laser scanning; the root system distribution is detected using ground penetrating radar; and an individual file for each ancient tree is established.

[0095] S2 Multidimensional Environmental Sensing and Data Acquisition: The root environment monitoring network collects multi-parameter soil data in real time; the physiological state detection system monitors the health indicators of ancient trees; and the microclimate monitoring system obtains information on environmental changes.

[0096] S3 Ancient Tree Health Status Intelligent Assessment: Based on multi-source data fusion analysis of ancient tree moisture status; utilizes expert knowledge base for health status diagnosis; predicts potential risks and development trends.

[0097] S4 Personalized Protection Strategy Development: Develop customized irrigation plans based on the individual characteristics of ancient trees; optimize irrigation timing by combining weather forecasts; and develop root protection and soil improvement plans.

[0098] S5 Precision Non-destructive Irrigation Execution: A bionic robotic arm precisely positions itself to the target area; a minimally invasive drip irrigation system implements targeted irrigation; and the irrigation effect is monitored in real time and dynamically adjusted.

[0099] S6 Continuous Monitoring and Effectiveness Evaluation: Long-term tracking of changes in the physiological indicators of ancient trees; evaluation of the effectiveness of protection measures; updating and optimizing the protection strategy model.

[0100] Example 2. A smart garden irrigation early warning device, comprising:

[0101] Multi-level root environment monitoring sensor network.

[0102] The monitoring network adopts a layered deployment strategy, specifically implemented as follows.

[0103] (1) Root distribution detection module: GPR-2000 ground penetrating radar with a working frequency of 400MHz and a detection depth of 2-3 meters is used; the resistivity imaging device adopts WGMD-9 multi-electrode system with an electrode spacing of 0.5 meters; the sound wave propagation adopts PUNDIT ultrasonic detector with a frequency of 54kHz.

[0104] (2) Layered monitoring sensor array: Surface root zone (0-30cm): 12 TDR-315H soil moisture sensors are deployed with an accuracy of ±2%; Main root zone (30-100cm): 8 ECH2O-5TE integrated sensors are installed to monitor moisture, temperature and conductivity; Deep root zone (100-200cm): 4 HydraProbeII sensors are set up to monitor the deep soil condition.

[0105] (3) Rhizosphere microenvironment sensors: Install a group of micro sensors within 5-15cm from the main root: pH sensor: HannaHI-98103, accuracy ±0.01pH; Oxygen sensor: SO-110, accuracy ±2%.

[0106] Non-destructive testing of the physiological state of ancient trees: Water transport monitoring module: HeatPulseVelocity sap flow sensor, accuracy ±5%; Dendriometer circumference change sensor, accuracy ±1μm; StemPsychrometer stem water potential sensor, range -4.0~0MPa.

[0107] Early warning of pests and diseases: Based on image analysis, it enables ultra-early detection of pests and diseases.

[0108] Low-disturbance minimally invasive irrigation actuator: Intelligent bionic robotic arm: The robotic arm adopts a 7-DOF design, with specific parameters: Joint 1 (base rotation): rotation angle ±180°, reduction ratio 1:100; Joints 2-3 (upper arm): pitch angle -90°~+45°, torque 580Nm; Joint 4 (lower arm): rotation angle ±180°, torque 240Nm; Joints 5-7 (wrist): three-axis ball joints, each axis ±90°; end-effector positioning accuracy: ±2mm, repeatability ±1mm; end-effector load: 10kg, arm span 2.5 meters.

[0109] Minimally Invasive Directional Drip Irrigation System: Pipe Material: Plastic; Pipe Specifications: Outer diameter 3mm, inner diameter 2mm, length adjustable from 0.3-1.5m; Micro-pipe Structure Features: Spiral guide grooves are designed on the pipe wall to improve the uniformity of water penetration; A controllable micropore array with a pore size of 0.2-0.5mm is set at the end; An internal one-way valve prevents soil particle backflow; The outer wall is coated with a rooting promoter to promote root aggregation towards the pipe.

[0110] Precision protective irrigation strategy module: Example of individualized water requirement calculation.

[0111] Taking an 800-year-old Chinese scholar tree as an example: tree height: 25m, crown width: 28m, diameter at breast height: 180cm; health condition: good (K) health =1.0); Monitoring period: July (K season =1.2).

[0112] Calculation process: Canopy projection area: A = π × (14)² = 615.75 m²; Sophora japonica species coefficient: S = 0.85; Environmental evaporation intensity: E = 6.2 mm / d (based on meteorological data); Leaf stomatal conductance coefficient: P = 0.92 (based on fluorescence detection); Root vigor index: R = 0.88 (based on sap flow monitoring); Age correction coefficient: K age =0.75 (800-year-old tree).

[0113] Daily water demand calculation: W=f(615.75,0.85,6.2,0.92,0.88,25)×0.75×1.0×1.2=628.5×0.75×1.0×1.2=565.65L / d.

[0114] Root protection irrigation control: base flow rate Q base =565.65L / d=23.57L / h; Based on the root distribution, 12 irrigation points are set up within a range of 1.5-3.0m around the main root: 1.5m from the main root: λ(1.5)=1.0, Q=23.57L / h; 2.0m from the main root: λ(2.0)=0.8, Q=18.86L / h; 2.5m from the main root: λ(2.5)=0.6, Q=14.14L / h; 3.0m from the main root: λ(3.0)=0.4, Q=9.43L / h.

[0115] Multi-level ancient tree protection early warning system.

[0116] Warning Level Settings: Level 1 Warning: Triggering Condition: Soil moisture content deviates from the normal range by 10-15%; Response Measures: Increase monitoring frequency and send alert messages; Warning Color: Blue. Level 2 Warning: Triggering Condition: Leaf water potential drops by more than 20%, sap flow rate is abnormal; Response Measures: Initiate supplementary irrigation, remote expert diagnosis; Warning Color: Yellow. Level 3 Warning: Triggering Condition: Abnormal rhizosphere pH; Response Measures: Immediate soil improvement, on-site expert guidance; Warning Color: Orange. Level 4 Warning: Triggering Condition: Sap flow to the trunk is interrupted, leaves wilt due to significant water loss; Response Measures: Initiate emergency rescue procedures, multi-departmental coordinated response; Warning Color: Red.

[0117] System integration and data processing.

[0118] Hardware integration solution: Main controller: ARM Cortex-A78 quad-core processor, 2.4GHz; Storage system: 256GB SSD + 64GB RAM; Communication module: 4G / 5G + WiFi6 + LoRa + Zigbee; Power system: Solar panel + lithium battery pack.

[0119] Software architecture: Operating system: Ubuntu 20.04LTS; Database: Time series database InfluxDB + relational database PostgreSQL; Machine learning: TensorFlow 2.8 + Scikit-learn; Visualization: Grafana + D3.js; Cloud platform: Alibaba Cloud IoT platform.

[0120] Data processing flow: 1. Data acquisition: Sensor data is collected every 5 minutes; 2. Data preprocessing: Outlier detection, missing value imputation, noise filtering; 3. Feature extraction: Time domain features, frequency domain features, statistical features; 4. Model inference: Health assessment, water demand prediction, risk identification; 5. Decision output: Irrigation strategy, early warning information, protection suggestions.

[0121] Example 3. Application background: A 500-year-old ancient locust tree in a historical garden in Beijing has recently shown signs of weakness, such as yellowing leaves and branch shortening.

[0122] System Deployment: Root Detection: The main root was found to be distributed at a depth of 1.8 meters, and the lateral roots were densely distributed at a depth of 0.5-1.2 meters; Sensor Arrangement: 28 sensors were deployed, covering a 15-square-meter root distribution area; Equipment Installation: The robotic arm was installed 2 meters away from the trunk, avoiding the visitor passage.

[0123] Monitoring results: Soil moisture content: 12.8%, normal range 18-25%; Soil pH: 8.3, slightly alkaline, normal 6.5-7.5; Liquid flow rate: decreased by 45% compared to normal level; Leaf chlorophyll content: SPAD value 28.5, normal >35.

[0124] Protection strategy implementation: 1. Emergency water replenishment: Use minimally invasive drip irrigation to replenish water 3 times a day, with a total volume of 180L; 2. Soil improvement: Inject acidic soil conditioner to adjust pH to 7.0; 3. Root oxygenation: Aerate for 6 hours a day to increase rhizosphere oxygen content; 4. Nutrient supplementation: Add organic fertilizer and trace elements.

[0125] Effect evaluation: After 30 days of protective measures: soil moisture content recovered to 21.5%; soil pH value dropped to 7.2; sap flow rate increased by 35%; new leaves sprouted and leaf color turned green.

[0126] This case demonstrates that the system of the present invention can promptly detect health problems of ancient trees, formulate targeted protection strategies, and effectively save weakened ancient trees.

Claims

1. A smart garden irrigation early warning device, characterized in that, include: Multi-level root environment monitoring sensor network: Based on the distribution characteristics of ancient tree roots, sensor arrays are deployed in layers in the root distribution area to build a three-dimensional monitoring network and realize all-round perception of the root environment. Non-destructive testing of the physiological condition of ancient trees: Integrated trunk sap flow sensor to monitor the water transport of ancient trees in real time; Microclimate monitoring module: Temperature and humidity sensors, wind speed and direction meters, and light intensity sensors are installed in the canopy, middle layer, and ground surface of ancient trees to construct a unique microclimate profile for the ancient trees; Root protection intelligent path planning module: Based on the three-dimensional distribution model of ancient tree roots and soil compaction sensitivity analysis, an avoidance path optimization algorithm is adopted to ensure that irrigation equipment avoids sensitive root areas; Precision protective irrigation strategy module: Based on the age of ancient trees, the physiological characteristics of tree species, historical growth data and root health assessment, an individualized water management model is established to achieve precision irrigation; Multi-level ancient tree protection early warning system: It sets up a four-level early warning mechanism for water stress warning, water accumulation risk warning, and sudden environmental change warning; Low-disturbance minimally invasive irrigation actuator: It adopts a biomimetic robotic arm design and is equipped with a minimally invasive drip irrigation system, root aeration and oxygenation device and soil structure protection mechanism to minimize the disturbance to the root system of ancient trees.

2. The intelligent garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level root environment monitoring sensor network includes: Root distribution detection module: Using ground penetrating radar, resistivity imaging and acoustic wave propagation technology, the three-dimensional distribution structure of ancient tree roots is non-destructively detected, and a digital model of the root system is established. Layered monitoring sensor array: Sensor arrays are deployed in the 0-30cm surface root zone, the 30-100cm main root zone, and the 100-200cm deep root zone to monitor soil moisture dynamics at different depths; The sensor array includes soil moisture sensor, soil temperature sensor, soil pH sensor, electrical conductivity sensor, and soil oxygen content sensor.

3. The intelligent garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The non-destructive testing institutions for the physiological state of ancient trees include: Moisture transport monitoring module: It uses thermal pulse technology to measure the sap flow rate in the trunk and monitors moisture status fluctuations through a trunk circumference change sensor; Early warning of pests and diseases: Based on image analysis, it enables ultra-early detection of pests and diseases.

4. The intelligent garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-disturbance, minimally invasive irrigation actuator includes: Intelligent bionic robotic arm: Simulates the operation of a human gardener, has a 7-DOF joint system, end-effector load capacity ≥10kg, and positioning accuracy ≤±2mm; Minimally invasive directional drip irrigation system: It uses a micro-fine conduit with a diameter of ≤3mm, which can be precisely inserted into a specified soil depth for targeted drip irrigation.

5. The intelligent garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The minimally invasive targeted drip irrigation system also includes: Multi-channel flow distribution system: Each conduit is equipped with an independent micro-flow regulating valve, with a flow control accuracy of ≤±0.1L / h; Intelligent nutrient solution preparation unit: Automatically prepares nutrient solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements based on soil nutrient test results; Backflow prevention device: A one-way valve and filter are installed at the end of the conduit to prevent soil particles from entering the water supply system.

6. The intelligent garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-level ancient tree protection early warning system includes: Intelligent identification of water stress: Based on the fusion of multiple parameters such as soil moisture tension, leaf water potential and sap flow rate, an assessment model for water stress in ancient trees is established. Dynamic assessment of waterlogging risk: combining soil permeability coefficient, topographic features and rainfall forecasts to predict waterlogging risk and provide early warnings; Expert knowledge base system: Integrates physiological and ecological knowledge and historical conservation experience of different tree species to support intelligent diagnosis and decision support.

7. A smart garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The precise protective irrigation strategy module is based on an optimized model: an individual water demand calculation model for ancient trees and a root system protection irrigation control equation.

8. A smart garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a digital management platform for ancient tree archives: Ancient Tree Identification System: A unique digital identification code is created for each ancient tree, recording its species, age, historical changes, and protection measures; Growth history database: Stores the growth data of ancient trees over many years, records of environmental changes, and history of human intervention; Intelligent Decision Support System: Based on machine learning algorithms, it analyzes historical data to provide optimal strategy recommendations for the protection of ancient trees; Multidimensional data visualization: Through 3D modeling, time-series analysis charts, and virtual reality technology, the health status of ancient trees is displayed intuitively; Protection effectiveness assessment: Quantitatively assess the effectiveness of protection measures and continuously optimize protection strategies.

9. A smart garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an emergency response mechanism for ancient trees: Automatic identification of emergencies: Automatically detect emergencies through abnormal fluctuations in sensor data, image recognition, and sound recognition, including lightning strikes, pest outbreaks, and human sabotage; Multi-departmental coordination and collaboration: System integration with meteorological, forestry, and cultural relics protection departments to achieve information sharing and coordinated response.

10. A method for issuing an early warning using the smart garden irrigation early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: step include: S1 Ancient Tree Basic Information Filing: A precise model of the ancient tree is established using 3D laser scanning; the root system distribution is detected using ground penetrating radar; and a unique file is created for each ancient tree. S2 Multidimensional Environmental Sensing and Data Acquisition: The root environment monitoring network collects multi-parameter soil data in real time; Physiological state monitoring systems monitor the health indicators of ancient trees; microclimate monitoring systems acquire information on environmental changes. S3 Intelligent Assessment of Ancient Tree Health Status: Based on Multi-Source Data Fusion Analysis of Ancient Tree Moisture Status; Use expert knowledge bases to diagnose health conditions and predict potential risks and development trends. S4 Personalized Protection Strategy Development: Develop customized irrigation plans based on the individual characteristics of ancient trees; optimize irrigation timing by combining weather forecasts; and formulate root protection and soil improvement plans. S5 Precision Non-destructive Irrigation Execution: A bionic robotic arm precisely positions itself to the target area; a minimally invasive drip irrigation system implements targeted irrigation; and the irrigation effect is monitored in real time and dynamically adjusted. S6 Continuous Monitoring and Effectiveness Evaluation: Long-term tracking of changes in the physiological indicators of ancient trees; evaluation of the effectiveness of protection measures; updating and optimizing the protection strategy model.

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