Real-time coaxiality adjusting method for three-dimensional suspension structure of superconducting magnet

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time coaxiality adjusting method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, and relates to the field of superconducting magnet application, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, combining an output result of an axial output device, and then carrying out the position adjustment of the three-dimensional suspension structure; secondly, dividing the adjusting method into two stages: large-size adjustment in a loose state and micro-size fine adjustment in a cold contraction state; the whole adjusting process is completely carried out in a vacuum environment. The three-dimensional suspension structure can bear the impact load of a three-level expressway, and according to the adjusting method, after long-distance transportation, secondary adjustment that the magnetic axis of the superconducting magnet and the axis of the output device are highly coaxial is achieved, and high-precision magnetic field output is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of superconducting magnet applications, and particularly relates to a real-time coaxiality adjustment method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, which is used in a scenario where the superconducting magnet is transported over a long distance in a strong vibration road condition and still needs to achieve high-precision magnetic field output after the transportation is completed. BACKGROUND

[0002] The strong magnetic field environment generated by a superconducting magnet is widely used in various scientific instruments and strong magnetic equipment. With the development of strong magnetic equipment, some strong magnetic equipment has higher requirements for the magnetic field output of the central axis of the superconducting magnet. Although the current suspension structure of the superconducting magnet can ensure high axial dimensions after assembly and adjustment, the position will still change after long-distance transportation. If the coaxial tool is used for adjustment again, disassembly work is needed, which is not allowed for the superconducting magnet and the timeliness of use. Therefore, it is an urgent need for the suspension structure of the superconducting magnet to be able to be adjusted in real time. Most suspension structures of superconducting magnets use two-dimensional decoupling structures. The advantage of the two-dimensional structure is that the adjustment process can be decoupled, but the impact resistance is low. The existing Chinese patent applications CN202210492835.8 and CN2022311335575.4 detail the composition of the three-dimensional suspension structure and the method of assembling and adjusting the magnet, but neither of them analyzes the method of secondary adjustment after the displacement of the magnetic axis and the mechanical structure changes. It is necessary to have a flexible adjustment method in a vacuum environment. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a real-time coaxiality adjustment method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, which is based on the structure of the superconducting magnet, the mechanical sensor, the displacement detection system, and adjusts according to the position of the output device. Through the adjustment method of the present application, the coaxiality of the magnetic axis and the output device can be adjusted to 0.05mm again.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A real-time coaxiality adjustment method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, comprising:

[0006] In a vacuum environment, the measured deviation of the magnetic axis and the output axis is obtained through the feedback of the output device; the deviation type is judged according to the measured deviation, and if the deviation exceeds the threshold value, large-size coarse adjustment is first performed, that is, by synchronously tightening or loosening the tightening nuts of the corresponding quadrant of the eight pull rods of the three-dimensional suspension structure, the superconducting magnet is translated as a whole to quickly reduce the deviation, and the feedback of the displacement detection system is continuously monitored during the large-size coarse adjustment; after the large-size coarse adjustment is completed, small-size fine adjustment is entered, that is, the elastic micro-deformation of the pull rod is utilized, and only the tightening nuts of the pull rods located in the deviation quadrant are slightly tightened, so that the superconducting magnet generates micron-level displacement; during the small-size fine adjustment, the feedback of the displacement detection system is continuously monitored, and when the measured deviation is reduced to within 0.05 mm, the small-size fine adjustment is stopped; the large-size coarse adjustment and the small-size fine adjustment are continuously completed in the progressive logic of translation first and then micro-movement, without disassembling the superconducting magnet.

[0007] Further, the large-size coarse adjustment further comprises: decomposing the measured deviation into upper and lower components and left and right components according to the four quadrants in space, determining the rotation angle proportion of the tightening nut required by each pull rod according to the component size, and realizing translation by reverse synchronous rotation of the symmetrically paired pull rods.

[0008] Further, the small-size fine adjustment further comprises: when the deviation is reduced to the hundred-micron level, only the pull rods located in the deviation quadrant are tightened, and the remaining pull rods are kept locked, and the micron-level size compensation is completed by utilizing the elastic deformation of the pull rods.

[0009] Further, before entering the large-size coarse adjustment, the rotation reference is determined according to the position of the output device at the large end or the small end of the superconducting magnet, and then the four quadrants in space are divided.

[0010] Further, the determination of the rotation reference is: if the output device is close to the large end of the superconducting magnet, the magnetic force line direction is from the large end to the small end, and the adjustment sequence of the pull rod is based on the large end as the reference; if it is close to the small end of the superconducting magnet, the magnetic force line direction is from the small end to the large end, and the small end is taken as the reference.

[0011] Further, the proportion coefficient between the rotation amount of the tightening nut and the elastic deformation amount of the pull rod is calibrated offline by the coaxial adjustment tool during the initial installation stage and is fixed in the control cabinet.

[0012] Further, the real-time angle of the pull rod tightening or loosening is calculated by the control cabinet according to the feedback of the displacement detection system and is executed by the electric wrench.

[0013] Further, the displacement detection system is installed on the side wall of the vacuum dewar, and real-time displacement data of the superconducting magnet relative to the vacuum dewar is transmitted to the control cabinet.

[0014] Further, the three-dimensional suspension structure is composed of eight high-strength pull rods, the end of the pull rod is connected with the vacuum dewar and the magnet framework through the tightening nut, and an adjustable closed-loop mechanical chain is formed.

[0015] Further, the adjustment process is completed in the vacuum Dewar, without opening the vacuum or disassembling any components, and the magnetic field output is restored immediately after the adjustment is completed.

[0016] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. During the adjustment process, the three-dimensional suspension structure is decoupled from the two-dimensional pull rod, allowing for left-right and up-down adjustment, while all pull rods of the three-dimensional suspension structure are interconnected. Therefore, the present application solves the problem of coupled adjustment of the three-dimensional suspension structure and ensures that the magnet can achieve rapid adjustment with high coaxiality after long-distance maneuvering in complex road conditions.

[0018] 2. The system of the present application realizes adjustment of the three-dimensional suspension structure in different states, and can achieve accurate coaxiality adjustment during the fine adjustment process of small dimensions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional suspension structure involved in the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a naming schematic diagram of the eight suspension structures of the superconducting magnet;

[0021] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of two output ends; A is the output end with a small end, B is the output end with a large end near the large end, and C is the deviation distance of the output result after determining the position of the output device, which is used to calculate the offset of the output device relative to the center point Z;

[0022] Figure 4 is a coaxiality error schematic diagram of different states; A is a left offset end view, B is a 1-quadrant offset end view, C is a downward offset end view, D is a 4-quadrant offset end view, and E is a downward offset side view of B.

[0023] Wherein, the reference signs are: 1, tightening nut; 2, three-dimensional suspension structure; 3, magnet skeleton; 4, vacuum Dewar; 5, suspension structure seat; 6, mechanical sensor; 7, displacement detection system; 8, pull rod; F1, first suspension structure; F2, second suspension structure; F3, third suspension structure; F4, fourth suspension structure; F5, fifth suspension structure; F6, sixth suspension structure; F7, seventh suspension structure; F8, eighth suspension structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments with reference to the drawings in the examples of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Based on the examples in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "large end", "small end", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the present application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "arranged", "left", "connected" and the like should be broadly understood. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and are not to be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0028] After the superconducting magnet is transported over a long distance, the superconducting magnet is structurally assembled with the output device, the output device is installed in the superconducting magnet warm hole, the output of the magnetic field is judged by observing the change of the coaxiality of the output result on the output device target screen and the target screen calibration position, and the displacement detection system of the superconducting magnet is observed and compared with the initial value. If the coaxiality has a large positional change, coaxial adjustment needs to be performed.

[0029] Specifically, in the three-dimensional suspension structure real-time coaxiality adjustment method of the superconducting magnet, the initial state of the three-dimensional suspension structure is balanced, the tension of the eight three-dimensional suspension structures can be observed to be balanced through the mechanical detection system, and the magnet position distance detected by the displacement detection system of the superconducting magnet is also close. After the motorized transportation, the superconducting magnet may be displaced from the output device installed in the center hole of the superconducting magnet, at which time the values of the single unit of the observation displacement detection system and the mechanical detection system change, but for the slight value change, the feedback result of the output device is still needed to determine, the three-dimensional suspension structure adjustment size is calculated by the real-time coaxiality adjustment method, and the position adjustment of the three-dimensional suspension structure is completed by rotating the outer side of the three-dimensional suspension structure. At the same time, the detection system of the superconducting magnet itself is used for observation of the adjustment process, the values of the detection system return to the initial state, and the output result of the output device is close to the calibrated position.

[0030] The three-dimensional suspension structure real-time coaxiality adjustment method of the superconducting magnet is closely related to the spatial posture of the three-dimensional suspension structure. The spatial posture mainly refers to the included angle between each suspension structure and the Cartesian coordinate axis. Different included angles have different structural arrangements, and different spatial posture distributions will affect the adjustment distance of each suspension structure. At the same time, the posture distribution of the three-dimensional suspension structure greatly affects the impact resistance of the magnet structure, therefore, the posture distribution of the three-dimensional suspension structure is optimized with the improvement of the inherent frequency of the magnet structure as the optimization target.

[0031] Further, in the calculation of the adjustment size of the three-dimensional suspension structure real-time coaxiality adjustment method of the superconducting magnet, the position of the output device should be determined first, different calculation modes are selected according to the position, the midpoint of the axis of the superconducting magnet is taken as the reference, the position of the output device before and after the midpoint Z is determined, and the next adjustment is guided.

[0032] Further, for the adjustment of the deflection error of the coaxiality, the position change of the displacement detection system should be paid attention to. The structural gap inside the superconducting magnet is limited, and if the size adjustment is always carried out by tightening the nut during the adjustment process, the superconducting magnet body may touch other structures, which is not allowed.

[0033] Specifically, as Figure 1As shown, the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 is composed of 8 high-strength pull rods 8 connected between the vacuum dewar 4 and the magnet skeleton 3, and the tightening nut 1 is installed at the top of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 and is pressed on the suspension structure seat 5; the mechanical sensor 6 (as a mechanical detection system) of the superconducting magnet is installed inside the pull rod 8 of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2; the displacement detection system 7 is installed on the side wall of the vacuum dewar 4; the data collected by the mechanical sensor 6 and the displacement detection system 7 are concentrated in the data panel of the control cabinet; the two states of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 are respectively relaxed and tightened, and the relaxed state of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 corresponds to the large-size coarse adjustment of the suspension structure, and the tightened state corresponds to the small-size fine adjustment of the suspension structure.

[0034] The small-size fine adjustment is to compensate and adjust the small deviation by the stress and strain change of the three-dimensional suspension structure in the case of over-constrained mechanical structure. The spatial pose of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 mainly depends on the three distribution angles of the pull rod 8 in the spatial Cartesian coordinate system, and the three distribution angles are the included angles of the pull rod 8 and the three Cartesian coordinate axes. The three distribution angles can be calculated to the optimal angle distribution according to the mechanical optimization model. That is, the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 is suspended between the vacuum dewar 4 and the superconducting magnet skeleton 3, and in the Cartesian coordinate system, the spatial pose of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 is exhibited by a group of angles α\β\γ formed with the X\Y\Z three-coordinate system. The group of angles will change due to the size change of the superconducting magnet, but from the point of view of long-distance transportation and impact resistance, the spatial pose of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 has an optimal structure which can be adjusted according to the actual working condition. By adjusting the spatial pose of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2, the coaxial precision of the magnetic shaft and the output device axis is adjusted, and the coaxial deviation is converted into the rotation angle of the tightening nut 1. The suspension structure seat 5 is provided with a corresponding angle scale, and the superconducting magnet is divided into large and small ends according to the size of the end plate.

[0035] As shown in Figure 2 The superconducting magnet includes 8 suspension structures, which are the 1st suspension structure F1 to the 8th suspension structure F8. The 1st suspension structure F1, the 2nd suspension structure F2, the 3rd suspension structure F3, and the 4th suspension structure F4 are suspended on the large end, and the 5th suspension structure F5, the 6th suspension structure F6, the 7th suspension structure F7, and the 8th suspension structure F8 are suspended on the small end. The 1st suspension structure F1 to the 8th suspension structure F8 are 8 pull rods 8. If the upper left end of the small end is taken as the first quadrant in clockwise direction, then the 2nd suspension structure F2 and the 5th suspension structure F5 are distributed in the first quadrant, the 1st suspension structure F1 and the 6th suspension structure F6 are distributed in the second quadrant, the 3rd suspension structure F3 and the 8th suspension structure F8 are distributed in the third quadrant, and the 4th suspension structure F4 and the 7th suspension structure F7 are distributed in the fourth quadrant.

[0036] The error of the output device axis and the superconducting magnet axis is converted into the adjustment size of the pull rod 8 through the spatial angle of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 and the size of the pull rod 8, and is further converted into the adjustment angle of the screw nut.

[0037] Preferably, the adjustment error is divided into four-quadrant expressions, and for the coupling quadrants, decomposition adjustment is adopted, such as one three-quadrant and two four-quadrant deviations, which can be further divided into up and down and left and right combinations in large-size coarse adjustment; in small-size fine adjustment, the relationship between strain and micro-displacement is used to perform size adjustment. The size adjustment is mainly through the micro-displacement deviation between the output result of the output device and the calibration target value to calculate the size of the three-dimensional suspension structure that needs to be adjusted, convert the micro-deviation into the rotation angle of the screw nut 1, and perform the tensioning of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2, and compensate for the micro-deviation through elastic deformation, where σ is the deformation value, E is the elastic modulus of the material, ε is the strain, and α is the deflection angle of the corresponding suspension structure.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3 , the output result of the output device hits the target screen, and the position of the calibration target on the target screen is taken as the reference, and a two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the position center of the calibration target as the coordinate origin to divide the target screen into four quadrants. Taking the large end as an example, the deflection may appear different coaxial deviations such as left and right, up and down, one three-quadrant (13 in Figure 3 ), and two four-quadrant (24 in Figure 3 ).

[0039] As shown in Figure 3 , the adjustment of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 of the superconducting magnet is taken as the rotation reference of the center line point Z of the magnet geometric size, and the position of the output device in the superconducting magnet hole will also affect the adjustment direction of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2. The main reason is that the output deviation of the output device is affected by the position and direction of the output device, and the adjustment size of the pull rod 8 is related to the position of the output device. Therefore, before adjustment, the position of the output device needs to be determined. Taking the up and down deviation as an example, the distance D1 between the output end of the output device and the center point of the superconducting magnet and the deviation dx of the output result of the output device after deflection can be used to calculate the deflection angle α = arcsin(dx / D1). When the deviation dx is large, the value should be in the millimeter level, and large-range adjustment can be used. When the deviation is reduced to the micron level, the suspension structure adjustment displacement can be calculated through the deflection angle and the size of the superconducting magnet suspension structure. As shown in Figure 3 , the position of the output device is mainly divided into the following three types: close to the small end, taking the small end as the output end, as shown in Figure 3 A, close to the large end, taking the large end as the output end, as shown in Figure 3 B. After determining the position of the output device, the deviation distance of the output result can be used to calculate the offset of the output device relative to the center point Z.Figure 3 As shown in C.

[0040] To prevent adjustments from exceeding the limits, a method of relative positional symmetrical adjustment is adopted. Figure 4 Taking the vertical offset of A as an example, tighten suspension structures F1 and F2 by an angle δ (δ is the adjustment angle for tightening the nuts), and loosen suspension structures F7 and F8 by an angle δ. Simultaneously, if... Figure 4 C and Figure 4 When the deviation of D is different, the adjustment angle ratio δxy of each suspension structure is different because the magnitude of the deviation is different in different directions.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the deviation between the output device and the magnetic shaft is divided into four quadrants. For the deviations dxy and dx1y1 in quadrants one and three, and quadrants two and four, during the large-size coarse adjustment, the deviation can be decomposed into simple upper deviation, lower deviation, left deviation, and right deviation, i.e., dxy = upper deviation + lower deviation, dx1y1 = left deviation + right deviation. Based on the magnitude of the deviation in the vertical and horizontal directions, the tightening nut 1 is adjusted according to different proportions: δxy = dx / η x +dy / η y Where δxy is the angle that needs to be adjusted when tightening the nut, dx and dy are the vertical and horizontal dimensions that the pull rod needs to be adjusted, and η is the angle that needs to be adjusted. x、 η y The vertical and horizontal distribution ratios are determined; when the adjustment error enters the hundreds of micrometers level, adjustments are made according to the suspension structure of the corresponding quadrant, based on the relationship between strain and micro-deformation. Make the corresponding size adjustment, α=arcsin(dx / D1). Based on dx and the calculated σ, convert it into the adjustment angle δ for tightening the nut. During the adjustment process, monitor the displacement change of the displacement detection system in real time to prevent over-adjustment. After the adjustment is completed, the output device outputs the confirmation error again, and the final error reaches below 0.05. Figure 4 A is the left offset end view. Figure 4 B is the offset end-view diagram of quadrant 1. Figure 4 C represents the downward offset end diagram. Figure 4 D is the 4-quadrant offset end-view diagram. Figure 4 E is Figure 4 The downward offset lateral view of B.

[0042] During the assembly and adjustment process, the conversion coefficient η between the coaxiality deviation and the rotation angle of the tightened nut is determined using a coaxial adjustment fixture. .

[0043] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various changes and improvements can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such changes and improvements are all within the scope of the claimed application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: In a vacuum environment, the actual deviation of the magnetic axis from the output device axis is obtained through feedback of the output device; According to the actual deviation, the type of deviation is determined, and if the deviation exceeds a threshold value, a large-size coarse adjustment is first performed, that is, by synchronously tightening or loosening the tightening nuts of the corresponding quadrant of the eight pull rods of the three-dimensional suspension structure, the superconducting magnet is translated as a whole to quickly reduce the deviation, and the feedback of the displacement detection system is continuously monitored during the large-size coarse adjustment; after the large-size coarse adjustment is completed, a small-size fine adjustment is performed, that is, by only slightly tightening the tightening nuts of the pull rods located in the deviation quadrant, the superconducting magnet generates a micron-level displacement; during the small-size fine adjustment, the feedback of the displacement detection system is continuously monitored, and when the actual deviation is reduced to within 0.05 mm, the small-size fine adjustment is stopped; the large-size coarse adjustment and the small-size fine adjustment are continuously completed in the progressive logic of translation first and then micro-movement, without the need to disassemble the superconducting magnet.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The large-size coarse adjustment further comprises the following steps: the actual deviation is divided into upper and lower components and left and right components according to the four quadrants in space, the required rotation angle proportion of the tightening nut of each pull rod is determined according to the component size, and the translation is realized by the reverse synchronous rotation of the symmetrically paired pull rods.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The small-size fine adjustment further comprises the following steps: when the deviation is reduced to the level of hundreds of microns, only the pull rods located in the deviation quadrant are tightened, and the remaining pull rods are kept locked, and the micron-level size compensation is completed by the elastic deformation of the pull rods.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: Before entering the large-size coarse adjustment, the rotation reference is determined according to the position of the output device at the large end or the small end of the superconducting magnet, and then the four quadrants in space are divided.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: The rotation reference is determined as follows: if the output device is close to the large end of the superconducting magnet, the magnetic force line direction is from the large end to the small end, and the adjustment sequence of the pull rods is based on the large end as the reference; if the output device is close to the small end of the superconducting magnet, the magnetic force line direction is from the small end to the large end, and the small end is taken as the reference.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The proportion coefficient between the rotation amount of the tightening nut and the elastic deformation amount of the pull rod is calibrated offline by a coaxial adjustment tool during the initial installation stage and is fixed in the control cabinet.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The real-time angle of the pull rod tightening or loosening is calculated by the control cabinet according to the feedback of the displacement detection system and is executed by the electric wrench driven by the control cabinet.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: The displacement detection system is installed on the side wall of the vacuum Dewar, and real-time displacement data of the superconducting magnet relative to the vacuum Dewar are transmitted to the control cabinet.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The three-dimensional suspension structure is composed of eight high-strength pull rods, the end of the pull rod is connected with the vacuum Dewar and the magnet framework through the tightening nut, and an adjustable closed-loop mechanical chain is formed.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The whole adjustment process is completed in the vacuum Dewar, without the need to open the vacuum or disassemble any part, and the magnetic field output is immediately restored after the adjustment is completed.

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