Optimization method, device and equipment for supporting structure of optical element

Abstract

The application relates to the field of laser communication and provides an optical element support structure optimization method, device and equipment.The method comprises the following steps: determining an initial geometric model of a support structure according to the spatial configuration parameters of an optical element; determining an equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and the optical element based on the initial geometric model; performing thermal force coupling finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate stress distribution and deformation data under wide-temperature-range gradient load; further determining node displacement data of the optical element surface; converting the node displacement data into an optical axis deflection vector in an optical coordinate system, taking the minimum value of the modulus of the optical axis deflection vector as an objective, controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, and iteratively optimizing the topology of the geometric model of the support structure until a support structure meeting the optical axis stability requirement is obtained.The application solves the problem that the optical axis deviates due to the thermal deformation mismatch of the optical element support structure in the prior art under a wide-temperature-range environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser communication, and in particular to a method, apparatus, and device for optimizing the support structure of optical components. Background Technology

[0002] Laser communication technology has significant applications in space exploration, satellite communication, and long-distance ground transmission. However, in extreme temperature environments, such as space and deserts, the optical components and supporting structures of laser communication equipment can experience thermal deformation and mismatch due to temperature changes, leading to optical axis misalignment and severely impacting communication quality. Especially under wide temperature range conditions, traditional support structure design methods struggle to meet the requirements for high-precision optical axis stability, necessitating a new optimization method to address this technical challenge.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly adopts two technical approaches to optimize the thermal stability of optical component support structures: passive thermal compensation and active temperature control. Passive thermal compensation reduces thermal deformation by using materials with low coefficients of thermal expansion, but these materials are expensive and difficult to perfectly match the nonlinear thermal deformation characteristics of optical components. Active temperature control relies on heaters or coolers to dynamically adjust the temperature. While it can partially alleviate thermal deformation problems, it increases system power consumption, weight, and complexity, making it particularly unsuitable for lightweight, low-power laser communication terminals. Furthermore, existing technologies are mostly based on simulation optimization at a single temperature point or using empirical formulas, which cannot accurately predict nonlinear thermal deformation behavior over a wide temperature range, resulting in insufficient optical axis stability in practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and device for optimizing the support structure of optical elements, which solves the problem of optical axis offset caused by thermal deformation mismatch in the support structure of optical elements under wide temperature range conditions in the prior art, and realizes the stability of the optical axis without the need for active temperature control or high-cost passive materials.

[0005] This invention provides a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The initial geometric model of the support structure is determined based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical components;

[0007] Based on the initial geometric model, the equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and optical elements is determined;

[0008] The initial geometric model was subjected to thermo-mechanical coupled finite element simulation to simulate the stress distribution and deformation data under a wide temperature range gradient load.

[0009] Based on the stress distribution and deformation data, determine the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface;

[0010] The node displacement data is converted into an optical axis deflection vector in the optical coordinate system;

[0011] With the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, the geometric model of the support structure is subjected to topology optimization iteration until a support structure that meets the optical axis stability requirements is obtained.

[0012] Wherein, the wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, and the thermal deformation ratio is the ratio of the thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes.

[0013] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element includes determining the initial geometric model of the support structure based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical element. Specifically, this includes: obtaining the spatial configuration parameters of the optical element; the spatial configuration parameters include optical path layout, form and position parameters, and an optical coordinate system; determining the mounting reference plane of the optical element based on the optical path layout; determining the positioning elements between the support structure and the optical element based on the form and position parameters; and establishing an initial geometric model of the support structure based on the mounting reference plane, the positioning elements, and the optical coordinate system. The reference coordinate system of the initial geometric model coincides with the optical coordinate system or has a known transformation relationship.

[0014] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element, wherein determining the equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and the optical element based on the initial geometric model specifically includes: obtaining the material properties and cross-sectional geometric parameters of the support structure in the initial geometric model; determining the first equivalent stiffness of the optimized region of the mounting foot of the support structure according to the material properties and cross-sectional geometric parameters; obtaining the material properties and effective load-bearing cross-section of the optical element; determining the second equivalent stiffness of the optical element according to the material properties and the effective load-bearing cross-section; and determining the equivalent stiffness model according to the first equivalent stiffness, the second equivalent stiffness, the first thermal expansion coefficient of the support structure, and the second thermal expansion coefficient of the optical element.

[0015] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element includes performing thermo-coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate stress distribution and deformation data under a wide temperature gradient load. Specifically, this includes: dividing the initial geometric model into finite element meshes; for each mesh, applying a temperature load in segments at a preset temperature value for each load step within a temperature range from a first degree Celsius to a second degree Celsius; calculating the stress distribution and nodal displacement of the support structure and the stress distribution and nodal displacement of the optical element under each load step; and using the nodal displacement of the support structure and the nodal displacement of the optical element surface as deformation data.

[0016] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element, wherein determining the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface based on the stress distribution and deformation data specifically includes: determining the displacement vector of all nodes on the optical element surface based on the stress distribution and deformation data; decomposing the displacement vector of each node into translational components along the direction of each coordinate variable in the optical coordinate system; and performing node numbering and coordinate mapping on the decomposed translational components to generate nodal displacement data of the optical element surface.

[0017] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element, wherein converting the node displacement data into an optical axis deflection vector in an optical coordinate system specifically includes: selecting multiple nodes on the surface of the optical element that are not on the same straight line as reference nodes; calculating the displacement vector of each reference node in the optical coordinate system based on the node displacement data; assembling the displacement vector into a rigid body transformation matrix through homogeneous coordinate transformation, and extracting the rotation sub-matrix of the rigid body transformation matrix; calculating the rotation angle of the optical element about the coordinate axis in the optical coordinate system based on the rotation sub-matrix; and combining the rotation angles into an optical axis deflection vector.

[0018] The present invention also provides a support structure optimization device for optical elements, comprising the following modules:

[0019] The initial geometry model construction module is used to determine the initial geometry model of the support structure based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical elements;

[0020] An equivalent stiffness model construction module is used to determine the equivalent stiffness model of the supporting structure and optical elements based on the initial geometric model.

[0021] The finite element simulation module is used to perform thermo-coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate the stress distribution and deformation data under wide temperature gradient load.

[0022] The nodal displacement calculation module is used to determine the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface based on the stress distribution and deformation data.

[0023] The vector conversion module is used to convert the node displacement data into optical axis deflection vectors in the optical coordinate system;

[0024] The topology optimization iteration module is used to perform topology optimization iteration on the geometric model of the support structure with the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, until a support structure that meets the optical axis stability requirements is obtained.

[0025] Wherein, the wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, and the thermal deformation ratio is the ratio of the thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes.

[0026] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the support structure optimization method for any of the optical elements described above.

[0027] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the support structure optimization method for the optical element as described above.

[0028] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the support structure optimization method for any of the optical elements described above.

[0029] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and device for optimizing the support structure of optical elements, which offers the following advantages: By establishing an equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and the optical element, and obtaining deformation data over a wide temperature range based on thermo-coupled finite element simulation, it creatively combines structural stiffness matching with topology optimization, effectively solving the optical axis misalignment problem caused by thermal deformation mismatch in traditional designs. By converting nodal displacement data into optical axis deflection vectors in the optical coordinate system and using this as the optimization target, while controlling the ratio of thermal deformation to approach a preset value, the support structure can maintain coordinated deformation with the optical element when the temperature changes. This optimization method based on the stiffness matching principle can significantly improve optical axis stability under wide temperature range conditions without relying on high-cost passive thermal compensation materials or complex active temperature control systems. The thermo-coupled simulation considers the influence of gradient loads over a wide temperature range, ensuring the reliability of the optimization results in actual temperature variation environments, while the topology optimization iteration further ensures that the support structure achieves lightweight design while meeting stiffness requirements. Through the synergistic effect of the above-mentioned technical means, this invention not only improves the environmental adaptability of optical systems, but also reduces manufacturing costs and energy consumption, providing an effective solution for performance optimization of wide-temperature-range laser communication equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for optimizing the support structure of optical elements provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical element support structure optimization device provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] When laser communication equipment operates in extreme environments such as space and deserts, temperature variations over a wide temperature range (-40℃ to +85℃) can cause significant thermal deformation mismatch between the support structure and optical components, leading to optical axis misalignment and severely impacting communication performance. Currently, traditional support structure design methods have three main limitations: First, the design process relies excessively on empirical formulas or simulation analysis at a single temperature point, failing to accurately predict nonlinear thermal deformation behavior over a wide temperature range. Second, existing thermal compensation technologies include passive compensation and active temperature control. Passive compensation requires special low-expansion materials, resulting in high costs, while active temperature control systems significantly increase power consumption and overall weight. Neither of these solutions meets the design requirements for lightweight communication terminals.

[0036] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, this invention proposes a multidisciplinary optimization method. It establishes an equivalent stiffness model for the supporting structure and optical elements using the stiffness matching principle, ensuring that the ratio of their thermal deformation during temperature changes approaches 1, thus fundamentally solving the thermal deformation mismatch problem. Secondly, a temperature-structure coupled finite element analysis method is employed, using segmented loading (with a gradient of 2°C) to simulate stress distribution and deformation characteristics under wide temperature range conditions. Specifically, this invention introduces homogeneous coordinate transformation technology to accurately convert the mechanical displacement of the supporting nodes into optical axis deflection vectors (Δθx, Δθy) in the optical coordinate system, providing quantitative indicators for subsequent optimization. Based on this, and using stiffness matching, a topology optimization method is employed to iteratively design the optimization region of the supporting structure's mounting feet, achieving structural lightweighting while ensuring optical axis stability. This method can be extended to complex optical path systems containing multiple optical elements, including lenses and gratings.

[0037] The following is combined Figures 1-3 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for optimizing the support structure of optical elements provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0039] S110. Determine the initial geometric model of the support structure based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical elements.

[0040] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element is provided. The method determines the initial geometric model of the support structure based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical element. Specifically, the method includes: obtaining the spatial configuration parameters of the optical element; the spatial configuration parameters include optical path layout, form and position parameters, and an optical coordinate system; determining the mounting reference plane of the optical element based on the optical path layout; determining the positioning elements between the support structure and the optical element based on the form and position parameters; and establishing the initial geometric model of the support structure based on the mounting reference plane, positioning elements, and optical coordinate system. The reference coordinate system of the initial geometric model coincides with the optical coordinate system or has a known transformation relationship.

[0041] Specifically, based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical system (including optical path layout, geometric tolerances of optical components, and optical coordinate system), an initial geometric model of the support structure is defined to ensure that its reference coordinate system is strictly aligned with the optical coordinate system or mapped through a known homogeneous transformation matrix, thereby eliminating the error accumulation caused by coordinate system mismatch and providing a high-precision geometric basis for subsequent simulation and optimization.

[0042] By systematically integrating key spatial configuration parameters such as optical path layout, form and position parameters, and optical coordinate system, a complete initial geometric model construction process was established, ensuring precise matching between the support structure design and the requirements of the optical system. Secondly, a strict correspondence between the reference coordinate system and the optical coordinate system of the initial geometric model was explicitly required, effectively avoiding error accumulation caused by coordinate system inconsistencies in subsequent analyses and significantly improving the reliability of simulation and optimization results. Finally, engineering details such as material properties and installation locations were considered simultaneously during the modeling process, ensuring that the design scheme possesses both theoretical rigor and engineering feasibility. This laid a solid foundation for subsequent stiffness matching analysis and topology optimization, thereby comprehensively improving the optical axis stability performance of the support structure in a wide temperature range environment.

[0043] S120. Based on the initial geometric model, determine the equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and optical elements.

[0044] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element is provided. Based on an initial geometric model, an equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and the optical element is determined. Specifically, the method includes: obtaining the material properties and cross-sectional geometric parameters of the support structure in the initial geometric model; determining the first equivalent stiffness K_s of the optimized region of the mounting foot of the support structure according to the material properties and cross-sectional geometric parameters; obtaining the material properties and effective load-bearing cross section of the optical element; determining the second equivalent stiffness K_e of the optical element according to the material properties and effective load-bearing cross section; and determining the equivalent stiffness model according to the first equivalent stiffness K_s, the second equivalent stiffness K_e, the first thermal expansion coefficient α_s of the support structure, and the second thermal expansion coefficient α_e of the optical element.

[0045] Specifically, firstly, based on the initial geometric model, the material properties (including elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc.) and cross-sectional geometric parameters of the supporting structure, such as mounting surface dimensions and flexible groove profiles, are extracted. The first equivalent stiffness K_s of the supporting structure is then obtained through mechanical analysis. Simultaneously, based on the material properties of the optical element and its effective load-bearing cross-sectional characteristics, the second equivalent stiffness K_e of the optical element is determined. Subsequently, combining the first equivalent stiffness K_s, the second equivalent stiffness K_e, and their thermal expansion coefficients α_s and α_e, a complete equivalent stiffness model is constructed, where the ratio of thermal deformation of the supporting structure to that of the optical element under temperature changes, λ = (α_s·K_s) / (α_e·K_e), approaches 1. During this process, it is important to define the optimization area of ​​the support structure mounting feet, including the allowable variation range of the mounting surface size, the geometric parameter constraints of the flexible groove of the main body, and the layout space and width restrictions of the stiffeners. When λ exceeds the range of 0.9–1.1 (this range can be customized), adjust the cross-sectional size of the optimization area of ​​the support structure, the layout of the stiffeners, or the material selection, until λ falls within the range.

[0046] Based on the initial geometric model, an equivalent stiffness model for the supporting structure and optical elements is constructed. This model quantifies the thermal deformation compatibility by using the ratio of thermal deformation λ (defined as the product of the thermal expansion coefficient α_s of the supporting structure and the stiffness K_s, divided by the product of the corresponding parameters of the optical element), and constrains the value of λ to be within the range of 0.9 to 1.1 to achieve thermodynamic deformation matching, thereby fundamentally avoiding the optical axis misalignment problem over a wide temperature range. Secondly, the stiffness matching theory is closely integrated with engineering practice during the optimization process. By dynamically adjusting parameters such as the cross-sectional dimensions of the supporting structure and the layout of the stiffeners, the design scheme is ensured to meet both theoretical requirements and manufacturability. Finally, by defining constraints for specific optimization regions such as the mounting surface dimensions and the contour of the flexible groove, clear boundary conditions are provided for subsequent topology optimization, significantly improving optimization efficiency and avoiding the problem of repeated trial and error in traditional design. This closed-loop optimization method based on quantitative indicators not only significantly improves the stability of the optical axis but also achieves a balance between structural lightweighting and performance optimization through systematic parameter control.

[0047] S130. Perform thermo-mechanical coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate the stress distribution and deformation data under a wide temperature range gradient load. The wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius.

[0048] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element is provided. A thermo-coupled finite element simulation is performed on the initial geometric model to simulate the stress distribution and deformation data under a wide temperature gradient load. Specifically, the method includes: dividing the initial geometric model into finite element meshes; for each mesh, applying a temperature load in segments at a preset temperature value for each load step within a temperature range from a first degree Celsius to a second degree Celsius; calculating the stress distribution and nodal displacement of the support structure and the stress distribution and nodal displacement of the optical element under each load step; and using the nodal displacement of the support structure and the nodal displacement of the optical element surface as deformation data.

[0049] Specifically, based on the established initial geometric model, finite element analysis software was used to mesh the supporting structure and optical components. In the optimization region, a finer mesh was applied, with the element size controlled within 1 / 5 of the minimum characteristic size of the component. Temperature loads were applied in 2℃ intervals across a wide temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃. Using a thermo-structural sequential coupling analysis method, the temperature field distribution was first calculated, and then the temperature field was mapped as a volume load to the structural field for mechanical analysis. Finally, the stress distribution, equivalent stress, and nodal displacement data of the supporting structure and optical component surfaces were obtained. In particular, the temperature dependence of material parameters, including the nonlinear characteristics of elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion, must be considered during the simulation to ensure that the simulation results accurately reflect the thermodynamic behavior under actual working conditions.

[0050] A thermo-structural sequential coupled finite element method was employed, implementing piecewise temperature loading with a gradient step size of 2℃ across a wide temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃ to accurately simulate the nonlinear behavior of materials (such as the temperature dependence of elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion). Simultaneously, the supporting structure and optical elements were discretized using finite element methods, and a mesh refinement strategy was applied to key optimization regions (such as mounting surfaces or stress concentration areas). The control unit size was kept ≤20% of the minimum feature size of the optical element, ensuring a balance between computational accuracy and efficiency. This accurately simulated the impact of material nonlinear behavior on thermodynamic properties under a wide temperature range, significantly improving the reliability of the simulation results. Finally, by systematically considering the temperature dependence of material parameters such as elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion, the simulation model could realistically reflect the thermal deformation characteristics under actual working conditions, providing high-precision input data for subsequent optical axis deflection analysis and structural optimization. This ensured that the final designed supporting structure maintained excellent optical axis stability under extreme temperature conditions. This refined simulation method not only overcomes the limitations of traditional single-temperature-point analysis but also provides reliable technical support for the design of optical systems in complex environments.

[0051] S140. Based on the stress distribution and deformation data, determine the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface.

[0052] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element is provided. Based on stress distribution and deformation data, the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface is determined. Specifically, the method includes: determining the displacement vector of all nodes on the optical element surface based on stress distribution and deformation data; decomposing the displacement vector of each node into translational components along the direction of each coordinate variable in the optical coordinate system; and numbering and mapping the decomposed translational components to generate nodal displacement data of the optical element surface.

[0053] Specifically, displacement vector datasets of surface nodes of optical elements are extracted from the output of thermo-coupling finite element simulation. The displacements in the global coordinate system are mapped to the optical coordinate system of the optical element itself through coordinate transformation, and analyzed into translational components (Δx, Δy, Δz) along three orthogonal axes (X, Y, Z). A mapping table between node numbers and spatial positions is established to standardize and normalize thermal deformation data, providing highly reliable input for optical axis deflection analysis.

[0054] By accurately converting displacement data from the global coordinate system to the optical coordinate system and decomposing it into translational components along three axes, standardized processing of thermal deformation data was achieved, establishing a unified data benchmark for subsequent analysis. Secondly, the established node number-spatial position mapping table not only standardized the data format but also ensured the accurate correspondence between displacement data and the actual morphology of the optical element, significantly improving the reliability of optical axis deflection calculation.

[0055] S150: Convert the nodal displacement data into the optical axis deflection vector in the optical coordinate system.

[0056] According to the present invention, a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element converts node displacement data into optical axis deflection vectors in an optical coordinate system. Specifically, the method includes: selecting multiple nodes on the surface of the optical element that are not on the same straight line as reference nodes; calculating the displacement vector of each reference node in the optical coordinate system based on the node displacement data; assembling the displacement vectors into a rigid body transformation matrix through homogeneous coordinate transformation, and extracting the rotation sub-matrix of the rigid body transformation matrix; calculating the rotation angle of the optical element about the coordinate axes in the optical coordinate system based on the rotation sub-matrix; and combining the rotation angles into optical axis deflection vectors.

[0057] Specifically, at least three non-collinear reference nodes (preferably located near the mounting reference plane) are selected on the surface of the optical element. Based on the node displacement dataset, the least squares method is used to fit and calculate the set of displacement vectors of each node in the optical coordinate system. Subsequently, a 4×4 homogeneous transformation matrix is ​​constructed, and the rotation submatrix R3×3 is solved through singular value decomposition (SVD). The deflection angles of the optical element around the X and Y axes are calculated according to the following formulas:

[0058] Δθx = arctan(R32 / R33)

[0059] Δθy = arctan(-R31 / √(R32² + R33²))

[0060] Where Δθx represents the rotation angle of the optical element around the X-axis of the optical coordinate system; Δθy represents the rotation angle of the optical element around the Y-axis of the optical coordinate system; R32 is the element in the 3rd row and 2nd column of the rotation matrix R; R33 is the element in the 3rd row and 3rd column of the rotation matrix R; and R31 is the element in the 3rd row and 1st column of the rotation matrix R.

[0061] The calculation results are combined into an optical axis deflection vector (Δθx, Δθy). This process requires residual analysis to control the fitting error to ≤0.001 mrad, ensuring that the quantization accuracy meets the requirements of a high-stability optical system.

[0062] By scientifically selecting non-collinear reference nodes and employing least squares fitting, the accuracy and reliability of the conversion from displacement data to rigid body motion parameters were effectively improved. Secondly, the homogeneous transformation matrix solution method based on singular value decomposition accurately analyzed the spatial pose changes of optical elements, and the deflection angle was calculated using rigorous mathematical formulas, ensuring the accuracy of the quantification of optical axis deflection. Finally, by setting a residual control index of 0.001 mrad, a high-precision data foundation was provided for optical axis stability analysis, enabling subsequent support structure optimization design to specifically improve key performance parameters, thereby achieving excellent optical axis maintenance capability under wide temperature range conditions. This systematic and quantitative analysis method not only meets the design requirements of high-precision optical systems but also provides clear technical indicators and verification standards for engineering implementation.

[0063] In one embodiment of this application, after completing the thermo-coupled finite element simulation, a script automatically traverses all nodes on the surface of the optical element, retaining only nodes located within the aperture and whose surface normal and optical axis angle is less than a preset angle, such as 10°, to reduce the impact of edge distortion on the results. For the retained set of nodes, a Kd-tree spatial index is used to create a triplet data table of <node number, coordinates (x, y, z), displacement (u, v, w)>, using the node number as the key, and cached as a binary file to avoid subsequent redundant calculations.

[0064] From the triplet data table above, any three nodes located in the central region of the optical element and forming the largest non-coplanar triangle area are selected as reference nodes. For the displacement vectors of these three nodes under the current load step, singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to solve for the rigid body transformation matrix T, extracting the 3×3 rotation submatrix R. Then, according to the formula...

[0065] Δθx = arctan(R32 / R33)

[0066] Δθy = arctan(−R31 / √(R32² + R33²))

[0067] Calculate the rotation angles of the optical element around the X and Y axes, and output the optical axis deflection vectors (Δθx, Δθy) in μrad. If the fitting residual is greater than 0.001 mrad, automatically add a fourth node for refitting until the residual meets the accuracy requirements.

[0068] Finally, the optical axis deflection vector obtained from each load step is written to a CSV file for use by the topology optimization module as historical data for the objective function. This CSV file also records the corresponding temperature values ​​to generate a Δθ-T curve after optimization, allowing for intuitive verification of wide-temperature-range stability.

[0069] This embodiment adds node filtering and data index caching in the data preprocessing stage, which not only improves computational efficiency but also enhances computational accuracy by reducing the impact of edge distortion. Specifically, the node filtering step retains only nodes located within the aperture and with an angle of less than 10° between the surface normal and the optical axis, effectively eliminating nodes with significant edge distortion and thus significantly improving the accuracy of optical axis deflection angle calculation. The use of Kd-tree spatial indexing and binary caching technology greatly reduces the time spent on node traversal and data processing, especially when processing large-scale node data, resulting in a significant improvement in computational efficiency. This optimization not only meets the stringent accuracy requirements of a highly stable optical system but also provides efficient and reliable data support for subsequent topology optimization iterations, ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the entire support structure optimization process.

[0070] S160. With the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, the geometric model of the support structure is iterated through topology optimization until a support structure that meets the optical axis stability requirements is obtained. The ratio of thermal deformation is the ratio of the thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes.

[0071] Specifically, the core optimization objective is to minimize the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector, while simultaneously constraining the ratio λ of the thermal deformation of the equivalent stiffness model to approach 1 (within a preset range of 0.9~1.1). A variable density method is used to perform multiple rounds of topology optimization iterations on the geometric model of the supporting structure, dynamically adjusting design parameters within the optimization region (such as mounting surface dimensions, flexible groove structure, and stiffener layout). The iterative process integrates structural manufacturability constraints, including a minimum feature size ≥ 1 mm and a maximum cantilever angle ≤ 45°, and multiple rounds of convergence verification ensure the synergistic achievement of optical axis stability (actual deflection ≤ 0.1 mrad) and lightweight design.

[0072] It is worth emphasizing that this method can be extended to multi-optical element systems by constructing an optical path transmission matrix. The optimization of each support structure needs to take into account the minimization of the optical axis deviation of the overall optical path to achieve system-level performance optimization.

[0073] This invention achieves stable control of optical axis deflection ≤0.1 mrad over a wide temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃ by integrating an equivalent stiffness model with topology optimization, without relying on high-cost passive thermal compensation materials or high-power active temperature control systems. This invention effectively quantifies the correlation between thermal deformation and optical axis deflection, and through systematic constraints (such as the stiffness ratio λ range and process limitations), it balances optical performance, lightweight structure, and manufacturability. It is suitable for the collaborative optimization of multi-optical component systems, significantly improving the reliability and adaptability of laser communication equipment in extreme environments.

[0074] The support structure optimization device for optical elements provided by the present invention will be described below. The support structure optimization device for optical elements described below and the support structure optimization method for optical elements described above can be referred to in correspondence.

[0075] like Figure 2 The image shows a support structure optimization device for an optical element provided by the present invention, comprising:

[0076] The initial geometry model construction module is used to determine the initial geometry model of the support structure based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical elements;

[0077] The equivalent stiffness model construction module is used to determine the equivalent stiffness model of the supporting structure and optical components based on the initial geometric model.

[0078] The finite element simulation module is used to perform thermo-coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model, simulating stress distribution and deformation data under wide temperature gradient loads.

[0079] The nodal displacement calculation module is used to determine the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface based on stress distribution and deformation data.

[0080] The vector conversion module is used to convert nodal displacement data into optical axis deflection vectors in the optical coordinate system;

[0081] The topology optimization iteration module is used to perform topology optimization iteration on the geometric model of the support structure with the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, until a support structure that meets the optical axis stability requirements is obtained.

[0082] Among them, the wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, and the thermal deformation ratio is the ratio of the thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes.

[0083] Figure 3 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 3As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 310, a communications interface 320, a memory 330, and a communications bus 340, wherein the processor 310, the communications interface 320, and the memory 330 communicate with each other through the communications bus 340. The processor 310 can call logic instructions in the memory 330 to execute a method for optimizing the support structure of the optical element. This method includes: determining the equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and the optical element based on an initial geometric model; performing thermo-coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate stress distribution and deformation data under a wide temperature range gradient load; determining the nodal displacement data on the surface of the optical element based on the stress distribution and deformation data; converting the nodal displacement data into an optical axis deflection vector in the optical coordinate system; performing topology optimization iterations on the geometric model of the support structure with the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, until a support structure that meets the optical axis stability requirements is obtained; wherein, the wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, and the ratio of thermal deformation is the ratio of thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes.

[0084] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 330 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0085] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the optical element support structure optimization method provided by the above methods. The method includes: determining the equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and the optical element based on an initial geometric model; performing thermo-coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate stress distribution and deformation data under a wide temperature range gradient load; determining the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface based on the stress distribution and deformation data; converting the nodal displacement data into an optical axis deflection vector in an optical coordinate system; performing topology optimization iteration on the geometric model of the support structure with the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value until a support structure that meets the optical axis stability requirements is obtained; wherein, the wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, and the ratio of thermal deformation is the ratio of thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes.

[0086] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements a method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element provided by the methods described above. The method includes: determining an equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and the optical element based on an initial geometric model; performing thermo-coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate stress distribution and deformation data under a wide temperature range gradient load; determining nodal displacement data on the surface of the optical element based on the stress distribution and deformation data; converting the nodal displacement data into an optical axis deflection vector in an optical coordinate system; performing topology optimization iteration on the geometric model of the support structure with the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, until a support structure that meets the requirements of optical axis stability is obtained; wherein, the wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, and the ratio of thermal deformation is the ratio of thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes.

[0087] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0088] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of embodiments.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element, characterized in that, include: The initial geometric model of the support structure is determined based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical components; Based on the initial geometric model, the equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and optical elements is determined; The initial geometric model was subjected to thermo-mechanical coupled finite element simulation to simulate the stress distribution and deformation data under a wide temperature range gradient load. Based on the stress distribution and deformation data, determine the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface; The node displacement data is converted into an optical axis deflection vector in the optical coordinate system; With the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, the geometric model of the support structure is subjected to topology optimization iteration until a support structure that meets the optical axis stability requirements is obtained. Wherein, the wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, and the thermal deformation ratio is the ratio of the thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes; the thermal deformation ratio is the product of the thermal expansion coefficient α_s of the support structure and its stiffness K_s divided by the product of the corresponding parameters of the optical element.

2. The method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the initial geometric model of the support structure based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical elements specifically includes: Obtain the spatial configuration parameters of the optical components; the spatial configuration parameters include optical path layout, form and position parameters, and optical coordinate system. Based on the optical path layout, determine the mounting reference plane of the optical element; Based on the shape and position parameters, determine the positioning elements between the support structure and the optical element; An initial geometric model of the support structure is established based on the installation reference surface, the positioning elements, and the optical coordinate system; the reference coordinate system of the initial geometric model coincides with the optical coordinate system or has a known transformation relationship.

3. The method for optimizing the support structure of optical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the equivalent stiffness model of the support structure and optical elements based on the initial geometric model specifically includes: Obtain the material properties and cross-sectional geometric parameters of the supporting structure in the initial geometric model; Based on the material properties and cross-sectional geometric parameters, determine the first equivalent stiffness of the optimized region of the mounting foot of the support structure; Obtain the material properties and effective load-bearing cross section of the optical element, and determine the second equivalent stiffness of the optical element based on the material properties and the effective load-bearing cross section; The equivalent stiffness model is determined based on the first equivalent stiffness, the second equivalent stiffness, the first thermal expansion coefficient of the supporting structure, and the second thermal expansion coefficient of the optical element.

4. The method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing thermo-coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate stress distribution and deformation data under wide temperature range gradient loading specifically includes: The initial geometric model is divided into finite element meshes; For each element of the grid, within the temperature range of the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, the temperature load is applied in segments at a preset temperature value for each load step. Calculate the stress distribution and nodal displacement of the support structure and the stress distribution and nodal displacement of the optical element under each load step, and use the nodal displacement of the support structure and the nodal displacement of the optical element surface as deformation data.

5. The method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface based on the stress distribution and deformation data specifically includes: Based on the stress distribution and deformation data, determine the displacement vectors of all nodes on the surface of the optical element; The displacement vector of each node is decomposed into translation components along the direction of each coordinate variable in the optical coordinate system. The decomposed translation components are numbered and mapped to coordinates to generate nodal displacement data on the surface of the optical element.

6. The method for optimizing the support structure of an optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of converting the node displacement data into an optical axis deflection vector in the optical coordinate system specifically includes: Multiple nodes on the surface of the optical element that are not on the same straight line are selected as reference nodes; Based on the node displacement data, calculate the displacement vector of each reference node in the optical coordinate system; The displacement vectors are assembled into a rigid body transformation matrix through homogeneous coordinate transformation, and the rotation submatrices of the rigid body transformation matrix are extracted. The rotation angle of the optical element about the coordinate axis in the optical coordinate system is calculated based on the rotation sub-matrix. The rotation angles are combined into an optical axis deflection vector.

7. A support structure optimization device for an optical element, characterized in that, include: The initial geometry model construction module is used to determine the initial geometry model of the support structure based on the spatial configuration parameters of the optical elements; An equivalent stiffness model construction module is used to determine the equivalent stiffness model of the supporting structure and optical elements based on the initial geometric model. The finite element simulation module is used to perform thermo-coupled finite element simulation on the initial geometric model to simulate the stress distribution and deformation data under wide temperature gradient load. The nodal displacement calculation module is used to determine the nodal displacement data of the optical element surface based on the stress distribution and deformation data. The vector conversion module is used to convert the node displacement data into optical axis deflection vectors in the optical coordinate system; The topology optimization iteration module is used to perform topology optimization iteration on the geometric model of the support structure with the goal of minimizing the magnitude of the optical axis deflection vector and controlling the ratio of thermal deformation in the equivalent stiffness model to approach a preset value, until a support structure that meets the optical axis stability requirements is obtained. Wherein, the wide temperature range is from the first degree Celsius to the second degree Celsius, and the thermal deformation ratio is the ratio of the thermal deformation of the optical element and the support structure when the temperature changes; the thermal deformation ratio is the product of the thermal expansion coefficient α_s of the support structure and its stiffness K_s divided by the product of the corresponding parameters of the optical element.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for optimizing the support structure of the optical element as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for optimizing the support structure of the optical element as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for optimizing the support structure of the optical element as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images