Depth fusion column breaker on-off control method
By constructing a multi-source information acquisition and dual-layer judgment mechanism for deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers, the contradiction between rapid response and optimized scheduling in traditional control methods is resolved, realizing intelligent opening and closing control and improving the safety and reliability of the power grid.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 浙江长征电气股份有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Traditional circuit breaker control methods cannot simultaneously address the needs of rapid response to sudden faults and steady-state optimization of the power grid. They lack automatic error correction and closed-loop optimization capabilities, making it difficult to balance system safety and load balancing under complex power grid conditions.
By employing multi-source information collection and matching with a pre-set operational scenario library, a rapid emergency decision-making layer and a stable optimization decision-making layer are constructed. The final action is selected through conflict detection and time value integration, and adaptive control is achieved by combining a dynamic backtracking process.
It achieves a balance between millisecond-level response to sudden faults and second-level optimization of power grid dispatch, improving the scientific nature, reliability, and self-healing capability of circuit breaker control, and ensuring the safety of the power grid and the reliability of power supply.
Smart Images
Figure CN121012208B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit breaker opening and closing control technology, and in particular to a circuit breaker opening and closing control method for deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers. Background Technology
[0002] Deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers are a new type of intelligent power distribution equipment that deeply integrates traditional pole-mounted circuit breakers with modern information technology. While retaining the basic functions of traditional pole-mounted circuit breakers (core switching equipment installed on utility poles for opening and closing and fault isolation in power distribution networks), they upgrade from passive protection to active sensing, intelligent decision-making, and remote collaboration by integrating intelligent sensing modules and communication modules. The intelligent control of opening and closing of deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers essentially upgrades traditional mechanical switches into intelligent nodes that can think and make decisions through a closed loop of data sensing, algorithmic decision-making, and remote execution. This improves operational efficiency, enhances fault response capabilities, reduces operation and maintenance costs and risks, and optimizes power grid operating parameters. It is a key technological carrier supporting the transformation of power distribution networks towards intelligence, reliability, and efficiency.
[0003] In related technologies, traditional circuit breaker control methods often rely on a single logic or fixed scheduling rules, which cannot simultaneously address the needs of rapid response to sudden faults and steady-state optimization of the power grid. Furthermore, when circuit breaker actions fail or malfunction, they lack automatic error correction and closed-loop optimization capabilities, typically relying on manual intervention. In addition, traditional methods struggle to balance system safety and load balancing under complex power grid conditions, potentially leading to load imbalances or voltage anomalies in certain areas, thus requiring improvement. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for controlling the opening and closing of a deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] The opening and closing control method for the deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] Collect multi-source operating information of pole-mounted circuit breakers and match the multi-source operating information with a preset operating scenario library to determine the current corresponding opening and closing control script;
[0007] Within the circuit breaker control script, a rapid emergency decision layer and a stable optimization decision layer are constructed to perform action decisions at different layers and generate corresponding circuit breaker actions.
[0008] When both layers output opening and closing actions simultaneously, conflict detection is performed, the opening and closing action results of the fast emergency judgment layer are executed first, and the opening and closing action results of the stability optimization judgment layer are executed with delay compensation.
[0009] When there are multiple candidate opening and closing actions, calculate the corresponding time value integral for each candidate opening and closing action, and determine the final action to be executed based on the time value integral.
[0010] The circuit breaker is given a final action and the circuit breaker is given an opening and closing action command. During the execution, the circuit breaker is given a closing and opening action link and the dynamic backtracking process is triggered and corrected.
[0011] Preferably, the steps of collecting and deeply integrating multi-source operating information of pole-mounted circuit breakers, matching the multi-source operating information with a preset operating scenario library, and determining the corresponding opening and closing control script are as follows:
[0012] Collect and integrate multi-source operating information of pole-mounted circuit breakers, including current measurement values, voltage measurement values, switch position signals, load forecast data, communication link status information, and master station scheduling instructions;
[0013] The current and voltage measurements are filtered and normalized, the switch position signal is logically verified, the load prediction data is smoothed over time, the communication link status information is marked for validity, and the master station scheduling command is parsed to extract the execution priority and target status of the master station scheduling command, thus obtaining preprocessed multi-source operation information.
[0014] Based on the preprocessed multi-source operation information, it is matched with a preset operation scenario library to determine the current corresponding opening and closing control script.
[0015] Preferably, the step of matching the preprocessed multi-source operation information with a preset operation scenario library to determine the corresponding opening and closing control script is as follows:
[0016] Based on the preprocessed multi-source operation information, the preprocessed multi-source operation information is combined to form an operation information vector, and weights are assigned to each operation information vector to form an operation information feature matrix.
[0017] Based on the similarity matching algorithm, the operation information feature matrix is matched with the preset operation scenario library, which stores multiple opening and closing operation scenario scripts to determine the current target operation scenario.
[0018] The corresponding circuit breaker control script is invoked from the target operating scenario, and the circuit breaker control script is output as the control execution scheme for the current circuit breaker.
[0019] Preferably, within the circuit breaker control script, the steps of constructing a rapid emergency decision layer and a stability optimization decision layer, performing action decisions at different layers, and generating corresponding circuit breaker opening and closing actions are as follows:
[0020] Within the circuit breaker control script, a rapid emergency decision layer and a stability optimization decision layer are constructed. The rapid emergency decision layer is used to handle sudden faults and is required to complete the decision within milliseconds. The stability optimization decision layer is used to handle scheduling needs and power grid stability optimization and is required to complete the decision within seconds.
[0021] The rapid emergency judgment layer takes the protection trigger signal as input. When it receives overcurrent, short circuit, grounding or overvoltage protection signals, it calls the preset emergency action rule library, generates a forced tripping or closing action command within a millisecond time window and sends it directly.
[0022] The stability optimization judgment layer takes the load dispatching requirements issued by the master station, regional load forecast data, and power grid operation stability indicators as inputs, calculates a variety of feasible opening and closing action sequences based on the optimization algorithm, selects the optimal opening and closing action command within a millisecond time window, and issues it directly.
[0023] Preferably, when both layers output opening and closing actions simultaneously, the following steps are performed: conflict detection is executed, the opening and closing action results of the fast emergency decision layer are executed first, and the opening and closing action results of the stability optimization decision layer are executed with delay compensation.
[0024] When the rapid emergency decision layer and the stability optimization decision layer simultaneously output opening and closing actions, conflict detection is performed.
[0025] If the results of the opening and closing actions contradict each other, it is determined that there is a conflict between the rapid emergency decision layer and the stability optimization decision layer.
[0026] Prioritize executing the opening and closing action results of the rapid emergency judgment layer, and mark the actions of the steady-state optimization judgment layer as delay compensation actions;
[0027] If the delay compensation action is still feasible after the opening and closing action of the rapid emergency judgment layer is completed, it will be executed within the delay window.
[0028] Preferably, when there are multiple candidate opening and closing actions, the step of calculating the corresponding time value integral for each candidate opening and closing action and determining the final action to be executed based on the time value integral is as follows:
[0029] When the circuit breaker control script and the corresponding circuit breaker action generate multiple candidate circuit breaker actions, for each candidate circuit breaker action, its expected execution delay parameter is extracted. The expected execution delay parameter includes communication delay parameter, relay protection response delay parameter and switch mechanical action delay parameter.
[0030] Based on the expected execution delay parameters, the impact of the delay on fault isolation speed and power restoration time is calculated to obtain the action delay impact index.
[0031] Based on the current power grid topology and historical operating data, the contribution of each candidate opening and closing action to the system power supply reliability after execution is evaluated, including the expected change in the number of users experiencing power outages, the continuity of power supply to important loads, and voltage stability, to obtain a power supply reliability benefit index.
[0032] The power flow distribution generated after the candidate opening and closing actions are simulated and calculated to evaluate the degree of improvement on the load balance of each region, including the load factor balance, the reduction of power grid losses and the degree of relief of power flow bottlenecks, so as to obtain the load balance benefit index.
[0033] By combining the impact of operation delay, power supply reliability, and load balancing, the time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action is calculated, and the final action to be executed is determined based on the time value integral.
[0034] Preferably, the steps for calculating the time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action, based on the comprehensive action delay impact index, power supply reliability benefit index, and load balancing benefit index, and determining the final action to be executed based on the time value integral, are as follows:
[0035] The action delay impact index is labeled as D, the power supply reliability benefit index as R, and the load balancing benefit index as L, respectively.
[0036] The time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action is calculated by combining the comprehensive action delay impact index D, the power supply reliability benefit index R, and the load balance benefit index L using the formula V=w1×R+w2×L-w3×D, where w1, w2, and w3 are the weights of the action delay impact index, the power supply reliability benefit index, and the load balance benefit index, respectively, and none of them are zero.
[0037] Based on the time value integral, the candidate opening and closing action with the largest time value integral is selected as the final action to be executed.
[0038] Preferably, the step of outputting and executing the opening and closing action command according to the final execution action, and monitoring the opening and closing action chain during the execution process to determine whether a dynamic backtracking process is triggered and correcting it, specifically includes:
[0039] The circuit breaker opening and closing action command is output and executed according to the final execution action, and the circuit breaker opening and closing action link is monitored during the execution process;
[0040] If the circuit breaker fails to complete the expected opening and closing action within the predetermined timeout threshold, the opening and closing action is deemed to have failed.
[0041] If the circuit breaker status does not match the target status, or the change in electrical quantity is inconsistent with the expected action, the opening and closing action is judged to be a malfunction.
[0042] When the opening and closing action fails or malfunctions, the dynamic backtracking process is triggered.
[0043] The source verification results are obtained by sequentially verifying the matching results of the opening and closing control scripts, the action judgment results of the rapid emergency judgment layer and the stability optimization judgment layer, and the time value integral calculation process.
[0044] Based on the source verification results, the feature weights of the opening and closing control script matching, the priority parameters of the fast emergency judgment layer and the stable optimization judgment layer, and the time value integral weight coefficient are corrected. The opening and closing control action instructions are regenerated and executed based on the corrected parameters.
[0045] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0046] 1. By collecting multi-source operational information in real time, the system comprehensively reflects the power grid operating environment of the pole-mounted circuit breaker. Matching the collected multi-source information with an operational scenario database allows for rapid identification of the current power grid operating condition and the invocation of corresponding opening and closing control scripts. This enables adaptive and scenario-based control strategies, avoiding the limitations of traditional fixed-logic judgments and significantly improving the targeting and accuracy of action decisions. A dual-layer decision mechanism is introduced into the control script: a rapid emergency decision layer ensures millisecond-level response to sudden faults, preventing accident escalation and protecting the safety of the power grid and equipment; a stability optimization decision layer comprehensively considers power grid dispatching needs, load balancing, and operational economy within a second-level timescale, providing optimized actions from a global perspective. This hierarchical decision mechanism effectively solves the problem of balancing speed and optimization, giving circuit breaker control the advantage of both speed and optimization. When both the rapid emergency decision-making layer and the stability optimization decision-making layer take action simultaneously, conflict detection prevents the direct issuance of contradictory actions, prioritizing the execution of the emergency decision-making layer's results to ensure the timeliness and safety of fault handling. Delayed compensation for the execution of the stability optimization decision-making layer's results ensures that optimization effects are not lost. This approach balances the needs of short-term fault handling and long-term grid optimization, effectively preventing control failures or frequent malfunctions caused by conflicts and enhancing system stability. When multiple candidate actions are present, calculating the time value integral allows for the optimal selection among them, avoiding biases caused by relying solely on experience or single indicators. This ensures that the final action achieves a balance between safety, power supply continuity, and grid operation economy, realizing the scientific and rational nature of action selection. During the action execution phase, the opening and closing action chain is monitored in real time, which can promptly detect action failures or malfunctions during the command issuance process. Once an anomaly occurs, a dynamic backtracking process is immediately triggered to trace and verify the script matching results, the two-layer judgment logic, and the time value integral arbitration process, so as to find and correct the problem at its root. The system is endowed with self-learning and adaptive capabilities, which can continuously optimize the judgment parameters and control logic, reduce the occurrence of repeated errors, and improve the long-term reliability and self-healing capability of the pole-mounted circuit breaker control.
[0047] 2. By constructing a dual-layer decision-making system consisting of a rapid emergency decision-making layer and a stability optimization decision-making layer, layered processing of circuit breaker control is achieved. The rapid emergency decision-making layer focuses on fault protection and immediacy, while the stability optimization decision-making layer focuses on overall scheduling and long-term stability. This system enables millisecond-level rapid response in fault situations to ensure grid security, while also enabling refined and optimized control of grid operation in non-fault situations to improve power supply reliability and economy. It resolves the contradiction between rapid response and optimized scheduling that a single decision-making logic cannot simultaneously address, achieving an organic combination of emergency and steady-state operations. The rapid emergency decision-making layer ensures that circuit breakers can react immediately to sudden and severe faults in the grid, quickly isolating the faulty area or activating backup power to prevent fault spread and equipment damage. By calling a preset rule base, complex calculation processes can be reduced, directly generating reliable emergency action commands, thereby significantly shortening response time, improving the power system's resilience and the reliability of protection actions, and ensuring the timeliness and determinism of fault handling. The stability optimization decision layer ensures that, in the absence of sudden faults, the opening and closing actions comprehensively consider the grid's dispatching needs, regional load distribution, and stability indicators, thereby selecting the optimal action scheme for overall power supply reliability and economic operation. By screening multiple schemes through optimization algorithms, local optima or human judgment biases can be avoided, improving the scientific nature and accuracy of decision-making. This allows circuit breakers to not only function as protective devices but also actively participate in grid operation optimization, improving system power supply quality, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing the long-term stability of the grid.
[0048] 3. By conducting a detailed analysis of the execution process of candidate opening and closing actions, and quantifying the time delay factors caused by communication links, protection responses, and mechanical actions, the system can identify the response differences of different actions in actual execution in advance. This avoids relying solely on static logic for action selection, thus more realistically reflecting the feasibility and limitations of each action in terms of timeliness. A direct mapping between action delay and power system operation efficiency is established, quantifying the negative impact of action delay on fault handling speed and power restoration efficiency. By forming a delay impact index, actions with faster response and better timeliness can be prioritized, improving the agility of grid fault handling and the efficiency of user power restoration. By evaluating the number of outage users, important loads, and voltage stability, actions with the least impact on grid safety and user experience can be prioritized, enhancing the overall resilience of the grid and the user power supply guarantee capability. Introducing an evaluation dimension for power system operation optimization ensures that the selected actions not only guarantee safety and reliability but also achieve a more reasonable power flow distribution and energy utilization efficiency at the operational level. By calculating load balance indicators, it is possible to avoid new grid bottlenecks or increased losses due to local actions, thereby improving power supply economy and efficiency. By unifying multi-dimensional indicators into a single time value integral, the timeliness, safety, and optimization of actions can be taken into account. This ensures that the final selected opening and closing actions can meet the requirements of rapid response while maximizing power supply reliability and grid optimization. This provides a measurable, comparable, and executable scientific decision-making method for circuit breaker control under complex operating conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific steps of an embodiment of the deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker opening and closing control method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0050] The following examples and... Figure 1 The present invention will be described in further detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
[0051] This invention discloses a method for controlling the opening and closing of a deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, specifically including the following steps:
[0052] Step S1: Collect multi-source operation information of the deep fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker, match the multi-source operation information with the preset operation scenario library, and determine the current corresponding opening and closing control script;
[0053] Step S2: Within the circuit breaker control script, construct a rapid emergency judgment layer and a stability optimization judgment layer, perform different layer action judgments, and generate corresponding layer circuit breaker actions.
[0054] Step S3: When both layers output opening and closing actions simultaneously, conflict detection is performed, the opening and closing action results of the fast emergency judgment layer are executed first, and the opening and closing action results of the stability optimization judgment layer are executed with delay compensation.
[0055] Step S4: When there are multiple candidate opening and closing actions, calculate the corresponding time value integral for each candidate opening and closing action, and determine the final action to be executed based on the time value integral.
[0056] Step S5: Output and execute the opening and closing action command according to the final execution action. During the execution process, monitor the opening and closing action link to determine whether the dynamic backtracking process is triggered and correct it.
[0057] In practical applications, by collecting multi-source operational information in real time, the power grid operating environment of the pole-mounted circuit breaker is comprehensively reflected. The collected multi-source information is matched with an operational scenario database to quickly identify the current power grid operating condition and invoke the corresponding opening and closing control scripts. This achieves adaptive and scenario-based control strategies, avoiding the limitations of traditional fixed-logic judgments and significantly improving the pertinence and accuracy of action decisions. By introducing a two-layer decision mechanism into the control script, the rapid emergency decision layer ensures millisecond-level response to sudden faults, preventing accident escalation and protecting the safety of the power grid and equipment. The stability optimization decision layer comprehensively considers power grid dispatching needs, load balancing, and operational economy within a second-level timescale, providing optimized actions from a global perspective. This hierarchical decision mechanism effectively solves the problem of balancing speed and optimization, giving circuit breaker control the advantage of both speed and optimization. When both the rapid emergency decision-making layer and the stability optimization decision-making layer take action simultaneously, conflict detection prevents the direct issuance of contradictory actions, prioritizing the execution of the emergency decision-making layer's results to ensure the timeliness and safety of fault handling. Delayed compensation for the execution of the stability optimization decision-making layer's results ensures that optimization effects are not lost. This approach balances the needs of short-term fault handling and long-term grid optimization, effectively preventing control failures or frequent malfunctions caused by conflicts and enhancing system stability. When multiple candidate actions are present, calculating the time value integral allows for the optimal selection among them, avoiding biases caused by relying solely on experience or single indicators. This ensures that the final action achieves a balance between safety, power supply continuity, and grid operation economy, realizing the scientific and rational nature of action selection. During the action execution phase, the opening and closing action chain is monitored in real time, which can promptly detect action failures or malfunctions during the command issuance process. Once an anomaly occurs, a dynamic backtracking process is immediately triggered to trace and verify the script matching results, the two-layer judgment logic, and the time value integral arbitration process, so as to find and correct the problem at its root. The system is endowed with self-learning and adaptive capabilities, which can continuously optimize the judgment parameters and control logic, reduce the occurrence of repeated errors, and improve the long-term reliability and self-healing capability of the pole-mounted circuit breaker control.
[0058] The steps for collecting multi-source operating information from pole-mounted circuit breakers through deep fusion, matching this multi-source operating information with a preset operating scenario library, and determining the corresponding opening and closing control script are as follows:
[0059] Step S11: Collect multi-source operating information of the pole-mounted circuit breaker through deep fusion. The multi-source operating information includes current measurement value, voltage measurement value, switch position signal, load prediction data, communication link status information, and master station scheduling instructions.
[0060] Step S12: Filter and normalize the current and voltage measurements, perform logic verification on the switch position signal, smooth the load prediction data over time, mark the validity of the communication link status information, and parse the master station scheduling command to extract the execution priority and target status of the master station scheduling command, thereby obtaining preprocessed multi-source operation information.
[0061] Step S13: Based on the preprocessed multi-source operation information, match it with the preset operation scenario library to determine the current corresponding opening and closing control script.
[0062] In practical applications, by collecting multi-source operational information, including electrical quantities, equipment status, predictive information, communication link status, and dispatch instructions, the operating environment of the power grid in which the circuit breaker operates can be comprehensively reflected. Preprocessing the collected multi-source information effectively eliminates measurement noise, abnormal data, and inconsistent information, ensuring the accuracy and standardization of input information. Filtering and normalization improve the stability and comparability of measurement data; logic verification prevents the transmission of erroneous state signals; time series smoothing enhances the reliability of predictive data; validity labeling ensures the credibility of communication information; and dispatch instruction parsing ensures that control decisions can accurately identify the priority and target requirements of the master station, guaranteeing the information quality entering subsequent matching and judgment stages, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of circuit breaker opening and closing control from the source. By matching the preprocessed operating information with the operating scenario library, the current operating condition of the circuit breaker can be quickly identified, and the corresponding opening and closing control script can be called. This realizes the adaptive mapping between the control strategy and the operating scenario, so that the control logic is no longer limited to fixed rules, but can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to different operating environments and emergencies. This significantly improves the intelligence level and adaptability of the opening and closing control, and avoids false operation or failure to operate due to incorrect or missing scenario judgments.
[0063] Based on the preprocessed multi-source operation information, the steps for matching it with a preset operation scenario library to determine the corresponding opening and closing control script are as follows:
[0064] Step S131: Based on the preprocessed multi-source operation information, combine the preprocessed multi-source operation information into an operation information vector, assign weights to each operation information vector, and form an operation information feature matrix.
[0065] Step S132: Based on the similarity matching algorithm, the operation information feature matrix is matched with the preset operation scenario library. The operation scenario library stores multiple opening and closing operation scenario scripts to determine the current target operation scenario.
[0066] Step S133: Call the corresponding circuit breaker control script from the target operating scenario and output the circuit breaker control script as the control execution scheme for the current circuit breaker.
[0067] In practical applications, by combining multi-source information into an operational information vector and assigning weights based on the importance of different information to control decisions, complex multi-dimensional data can be transformed into a unified feature matrix. This not only ensures the fusion of multi-source information but also highlights the influence of key operational parameters in decision-making, avoiding interference from low-value information in the overall judgment. By introducing a similarity matching algorithm and comparing the real-time feature matrix with an operational scenario library, the current grid operating state and condition type of the circuit breaker can be dynamically identified. This ensures that circuit breaker control actions are accurately matched to specific operating environments, and through the expansion and optimization of the scenario library, the system's adaptability to new operating conditions and complex faults can be continuously enhanced. By calling the corresponding opening and closing control script under the target operational scenario, complex operational judgments can be transformed into standardized and modular control schemes. This not only significantly shortens the control response time but also ensures the repeatability and verifiability of the control logic, avoiding the uncertainty caused by manual ad-hoc judgments. It achieves an automated closed loop from scenario recognition to action issuance, greatly improving the intelligence and practicality of opening and closing control.
[0068] Within the aforementioned circuit breaker control script, a rapid emergency decision layer and a stability optimization decision layer are constructed. The steps for determining actions at different layers and generating corresponding circuit breaker actions are as follows:
[0069] Step S21: In the circuit breaker control script, a fast emergency decision layer and a stability optimization decision layer are constructed. The fast emergency decision layer is used to handle sudden faults and is required to complete the decision within milliseconds. The stability optimization decision layer is used to handle scheduling needs and power grid stability optimization and is required to complete the decision within seconds.
[0070] Step S22: The rapid emergency judgment layer takes the protection trigger signal as input. When it receives an overcurrent, short circuit, grounding or overvoltage protection signal, it calls the preset emergency action rule library, generates a forced tripping or closing action command within a millisecond time window and sends it directly.
[0071] Step S23: The stability optimization judgment layer takes the load dispatching requirements issued by the master station, regional load forecast data and power grid operation stability indicators as inputs, calculates a variety of feasible opening and closing action sequences based on the optimization algorithm, selects the optimal opening and closing action command within a millisecond time window and issues it directly.
[0072] In practical applications, a two-layer decision-making system—a rapid emergency decision-making layer and a stability optimization decision-making layer—achieves layered processing of circuit breaker control. The rapid emergency decision-making layer focuses on fault protection and immediacy, while the stability optimization decision-making layer focuses on overall scheduling and long-term stability. This system enables millisecond-level rapid response in fault conditions to ensure grid security, while also providing refined and optimized control of grid operation in non-fault conditions, improving power supply reliability and economy. It resolves the contradiction between rapid response and optimized scheduling that a single decision-making logic cannot simultaneously address, achieving an organic combination of emergency and steady-state operations. The rapid emergency decision-making layer ensures that circuit breakers can react immediately to sudden and severe grid faults, quickly isolating the faulty area or activating backup power to prevent fault spread and equipment damage. By calling a preset rule base, complex calculation processes can be reduced, directly generating reliable emergency action commands, thereby significantly shortening response time, improving the power system's resilience and the reliability of protection actions, and ensuring the timeliness and determinism of fault handling. The stability optimization decision layer ensures that, in the absence of sudden faults, the opening and closing actions comprehensively consider the grid's dispatching needs, regional load distribution, and stability indicators, thereby selecting the optimal action scheme for overall power supply reliability and economic operation. By screening multiple schemes through optimization algorithms, local optima or human judgment biases can be avoided, improving the scientific nature and accuracy of decision-making. This allows circuit breakers to not only function as protective devices but also actively participate in grid operation optimization, improving system power supply quality, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing the long-term stability of the grid.
[0073] When both layers simultaneously output opening and closing actions, conflict detection is performed, prioritizing the opening and closing action results from the fast emergency decision layer, and then performing delay compensation on the opening and closing action results from the stability optimization decision layer. Specifically:
[0074] Step S31: When the rapid emergency decision layer and the stability optimization decision layer simultaneously output the opening and closing actions, conflict detection is performed;
[0075] Step S32: If the results of the opening and closing actions contradict each other, it is determined that there is a conflict between the rapid emergency judgment layer and the stability optimization judgment layer.
[0076] Step S33: Prioritize the execution of the opening and closing action results of the rapid emergency judgment layer, and mark the action of the steady-state optimization judgment layer as a delay compensation action;
[0077] Step S34: After the opening and closing action of the rapid emergency judgment layer is completed, if the delay compensation action still meets the execution conditions, it is issued for execution within the delay window.
[0078] In practical applications, when the rapid emergency decision layer and the stability optimization decision layer simultaneously output circuit breaker closing and tripping actions, a conflict detection mechanism ensures that potential contradictions and conflicts can be identified in a timely manner when multiple decision results exist in the system. This avoids control commands from different logic layers interfering with each other, ensuring the consistency and controllability of the control link, and thus preventing circuit breaker malfunctions or grid operation risks caused by parallel command issuance. When the two decision layers require circuit breaker closing and tripping actions in different directions or at different times, a conflict is determined between the rapid emergency decision layer and the stability optimization decision layer. The result of the rapid emergency decision layer is issued first, ensuring fault clearing and safety isolation at critical moments. The result of the steady-state optimization decision layer is retained as a delayed compensation action to avoid being completely discarded. This achieves the control objective of balancing short-term safety and long-term optimization, providing an opportunity for the steady-state optimization decision layer to perform compensatory actions, ensuring that its optimization value is not completely lost due to the priority execution of emergency actions. If the conditions still hold within the delay window, the system can perform delay compensation actions to further optimize the operation of the power grid. Without affecting safety, the system retains the value of steady-state optimization control as much as possible, enabling it to have the dynamic coordination capability of prioritizing safety before pursuing optimization.
[0079] When multiple candidate opening and closing actions exist, the steps for calculating the corresponding time value integral for each candidate opening and closing action and determining the final action to be executed based on the time value integral are as follows:
[0080] Step S41: When the circuit breaker control script and the corresponding layer circuit breaker action generate multiple candidate circuit breaker actions, for each candidate circuit breaker action, extract its expected execution delay parameters. The expected execution delay parameters include communication delay parameters, relay protection response delay parameters and switch mechanical action delay parameters.
[0081] Step S42: Based on the expected execution delay parameters, calculate the impact of the delay on the fault isolation speed and power restoration time to obtain the action delay impact index;
[0082] Step S43: Based on the current power grid topology and historical operating data, evaluate the contribution of each candidate opening and closing action to the system power supply reliability after execution, including the expected change in the number of users experiencing power outages, the continuity of power supply to important loads, and voltage stability, to obtain the power supply reliability benefit index.
[0083] Step S44: Simulate and calculate the power flow distribution generated after the candidate opening and closing actions are executed, and evaluate the degree of improvement on the load balance of each region, including the load factor balance, the reduction of power grid losses and the degree of relief of power flow bottlenecks, to obtain the load balance benefit index.
[0084] Step S45: Based on the comprehensive action delay impact index, power supply reliability benefit index, and load balance benefit index, calculate the time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action, and determine the final action to be executed based on the time value integral.
[0085] In practical applications, by conducting detailed analysis of the execution process of candidate opening and closing actions, and quantifying the time delay factors caused by communication links, protection responses, and mechanical actions, the system can identify the response differences of different actions in actual execution in advance. This avoids relying solely on static logic for action selection, thus more realistically reflecting the feasibility and limitations of each action in terms of timeliness. A direct mapping between action delay and power system operational efficiency is established, quantifying the negative impact of action delay on fault handling speed and power restoration efficiency. By forming a delay impact index, actions with faster response and better timeliness can be prioritized, improving the agility of grid fault handling and the efficiency of user power restoration. By evaluating the number of outage users, important loads, and voltage stability, actions with the least impact on grid safety and user experience can be prioritized, enhancing the overall resilience of the grid and the user power supply guarantee capability. Introducing an evaluation dimension for power system operation optimization ensures that the selected actions not only guarantee safety and reliability but also achieve a more reasonable power flow distribution and energy utilization efficiency at the operational level. By calculating load balance indicators, it is possible to avoid new grid bottlenecks or increased losses due to local actions, thereby improving power supply economy and efficiency. By unifying multi-dimensional indicators into a single time value integral, the timeliness, safety, and optimization of actions can be taken into account. This ensures that the final selected opening and closing actions can meet the requirements of rapid response while maximizing power supply reliability and grid optimization. This provides a measurable, comparable, and executable scientific decision-making method for circuit breaker control under complex operating conditions.
[0086] Based on the comprehensive analysis of the impact of operation delay, power supply reliability, and load balancing, the time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action is calculated. The final action is then determined according to this time value integral. Specifically:
[0087] Step S451: Mark the action delay impact index as D, the power supply reliability benefit index as R, and the load balancing benefit index as L, respectively.
[0088] Step S452: Combine the comprehensive action delay impact index D, power supply reliability benefit index R, and load balance benefit index L, and calculate the time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action using the formula V=w1×R+w2×L-w3×D, where w1, w2, and w3 are the weights of the action delay impact index, power supply reliability benefit index, and load balance benefit index, respectively, and none of them are zero.
[0089] Step S453: Based on the time value integral, select the candidate opening / closing action with the largest time value integral as the final execution action.
[0090] In practical applications, by standardizing the evaluation indicators of different dimensions into the symbols D, R, and L, a mathematical expression basis for candidate opening and closing actions is established, eliminating the computational obstacles caused by differences in units and dimensions among different indicators. By introducing a weighted integral formula, power supply reliability and load balancing benefits are positively incorporated into the evaluation, while the negative impact of action delay is negatively deducted, thus achieving a unified and integrated evaluation of multiple indicators. The time value integral results are used for candidate action arbitration, directly selecting the action with the largest integral value as the final execution plan. This ensures that the selected action has the optimal comprehensive benefits in terms of delay, reliability, and load balancing, providing an objective and repeatable quantitative decision-making method for selecting opening and closing actions in complex power grid scenarios. This avoids the one-sidedness of traditional methods relying on manual experience or single-indicator judgment, thereby significantly improving the scientific nature and execution effectiveness of opening and closing control.
[0091] The final execution action outputs and executes the opening and closing action command. During the execution process, the opening and closing action chain is monitored to determine whether a dynamic backtracking process is triggered and to make corrections. Specifically:
[0092] Step S51: Output and execute the opening and closing action command according to the final execution action, and monitor the opening and closing action link during the execution process;
[0093] Step S52: If the circuit breaker fails to complete the expected opening and closing action within the predetermined timeout threshold, the opening and closing action is determined to have failed.
[0094] Step S53: If the circuit breaker status does not match the target status, or the change in electrical quantity is inconsistent with the expected action, then the opening and closing action is determined to be a malfunction.
[0095] Step S54: When the opening and closing action fails or the opening and closing action malfunctions, the dynamic backtracking process is triggered.
[0096] Step S55: The matching results of the opening and closing control script, the action judgment results of the rapid emergency judgment layer and the stability optimization judgment layer, and the time value integral calculation link are sequentially traced and verified to obtain the traceability verification results.
[0097] Step S56: Based on the traceability verification results, correct the feature weights of the opening and closing control script matching, the priority parameters of the fast emergency judgment layer and the stable optimization judgment layer, and the time value integral weight coefficient. Regenerate the opening and closing control action command based on the corrected parameters and execute it.
[0098] In practical applications, after the opening and closing commands are issued, real-time monitoring of the integrity and execution status of the circuit breaker's action link can promptly detect abnormal situations such as unsuccessful command transmission or circuit breaker failure, ensuring the reliability of action execution, improving the observability and controllability of circuit breaker control, and thus reducing the risk of power grid accidents caused by action failure. Incorporating circuit breaker response time into the control judgment criteria can promptly identify problems caused by communication delays, mechanical failures, or other reasons for action failure. By clarifying failure judgment conditions, a basis for the system to quickly take remedial measures is provided, ensuring power grid safety and the timeliness of action response. Identifying the deviation between the circuit breaker's execution result and the expected target prevents erroneous actions from causing power grid anomalies or load disturbances. Through dual verification of circuit breaker status and electrical quantity changes, the accuracy of opening and closing control actions is ensured, improving the safety and reliability of the control system. By introducing a dynamic backtracking mechanism, automatic correction and closed-loop processing of control anomalies are achieved. After an action anomaly occurs, the system can immediately backtrack the front-end judgment logic and decision-making process, preventing the problem from spreading, enhancing the adaptability and fault tolerance of the control system, reducing manual intervention, and improving the continuity and stability of power grid operation. By systematically backtracking the entire circuit breaker decision-making chain, the system identifies the points where anomalies occur and quantifies their impact, achieving closed-loop tracking of the control process. This ensures that the generation logic of each action is traceable and diagnosable, providing a scientific basis for subsequent parameter correction and optimization, thereby improving the reliability and optimizability of the control strategy. Based on the source verification results, weights and priorities are adjusted to achieve real-time optimization and correction of action decisions, ensuring the safety, reliability, and optimality of circuit breaker opening and closing actions under complex power grid conditions. This forms a closed-loop self-learning control mechanism, improving the system's intelligence level.
[0099] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A method for controlling the opening and closing of a pole-mounted circuit breaker, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect multi-source operating information of pole-mounted circuit breakers and match the multi-source operating information with a preset operating scenario library to determine the current corresponding opening and closing control script; Within the circuit breaker control script, a rapid emergency decision layer and a stability optimization decision layer are constructed to determine actions at different layers and generate corresponding circuit breaker actions. The specific steps are as follows: Within the circuit breaker control script, a rapid emergency decision layer and a stability optimization decision layer are constructed. The rapid emergency decision layer is used to handle sudden faults and is required to complete the decision within milliseconds. The stability optimization decision layer is used to handle scheduling needs and power grid stability optimization and is required to complete the decision within seconds. The rapid emergency judgment layer takes the protection trigger signal as input. When it receives overcurrent, short circuit, grounding or overvoltage protection signals, it calls the preset emergency action rule library, generates a forced tripping or closing action command within a millisecond time window and sends it directly. The stability optimization judgment layer takes the load dispatching requirements issued by the master station, regional load forecast data and power grid operation stability indicators as inputs, calculates a variety of feasible opening and closing action sequences based on the optimization algorithm, selects the optimal opening and closing action command within a second-level time window and issues it directly. When both layers output opening and closing actions simultaneously, conflict detection is performed, the opening and closing action results of the fast emergency judgment layer are executed first, and the opening and closing action results of the stability optimization judgment layer are executed with delay compensation. When there are multiple candidate opening and closing actions, the corresponding time value integral is calculated for each candidate opening and closing action, and the final action to be executed is determined based on the time value integral. The specific steps are as follows: When the circuit breaker control script and the corresponding circuit breaker action generate multiple candidate circuit breaker actions, for each candidate circuit breaker action, its expected execution delay parameter is extracted. The expected execution delay parameter includes communication delay parameter, relay protection response delay parameter and switch mechanical action delay parameter. Based on the expected execution delay parameters, the impact of the delay on fault isolation speed and power restoration time is calculated to obtain the action delay impact index. Based on the current power grid topology and historical operating data, the contribution of each candidate opening and closing action to the system power supply reliability after execution is evaluated, including the expected change in the number of users experiencing power outages, the continuity of power supply to important loads, and voltage stability, to obtain a power supply reliability benefit index. The power flow distribution generated after the candidate opening and closing actions are simulated and calculated to evaluate the degree of improvement on the load balance of each region, including the load factor balance, the reduction of power grid losses and the degree of relief of power flow bottlenecks, so as to obtain the load balance benefit index. Based on the comprehensive action delay impact index, power supply reliability benefit index and load balance benefit index, calculate the time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action, and determine the final action to be executed based on the time value integral. The circuit breaker is given a final action and the circuit breaker is given an opening and closing action command. During the execution, the circuit breaker is given a closing and opening action link and the dynamic backtracking process is triggered and corrected.
2. The method for controlling the opening and closing of a deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of collecting and deeply fusing multi-source operating information of pole-mounted circuit breakers, matching this multi-source operating information with a preset operating scenario library, and determining the corresponding opening and closing control script are as follows: Collect and integrate multi-source operating information of pole-mounted circuit breakers, including current measurement values, voltage measurement values, switch position signals, load forecast data, communication link status information, and master station scheduling instructions; The current and voltage measurements are filtered and normalized, the switch position signal is logically verified, the load prediction data is smoothed over time, the communication link status information is marked for validity, and the master station scheduling command is parsed to extract the execution priority and target status of the master station scheduling command, thus obtaining preprocessed multi-source operation information. Based on the preprocessed multi-source operation information, it is matched with a preset operation scenario library to determine the current corresponding opening and closing control script.
3. The method for controlling the opening and closing of a deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of matching the preprocessed multi-source operation information with a preset operation scenario library to determine the corresponding opening and closing control script is as follows: Based on the preprocessed multi-source operation information, the preprocessed multi-source operation information is combined to form an operation information vector, and weights are assigned to each operation information vector to form an operation information feature matrix. Based on the similarity matching algorithm, the operation information feature matrix is matched with the preset operation scenario library, which stores multiple opening and closing operation scenario scripts to determine the current target operation scenario. The corresponding circuit breaker control script is invoked from the target operating scenario, and the circuit breaker control script is output as the control execution scheme for the current circuit breaker.
4. The method for controlling the opening and closing of a deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for performing conflict detection, prioritizing the execution of the opening and closing action results from the fast emergency decision layer, and providing delay compensation for the opening and closing action results from the stability optimization decision layer when both layers simultaneously output opening and closing actions are executed are as follows: When the rapid emergency decision layer and the stability optimization decision layer simultaneously output opening and closing actions, conflict detection is performed. If the results of the opening and closing actions contradict each other, it is determined that there is a conflict between the rapid emergency decision layer and the stability optimization decision layer. Prioritize executing the opening and closing action results of the rapid emergency judgment layer, and mark the actions of the steady-state optimization judgment layer as delay compensation actions; If the delay compensation action is still feasible after the opening and closing action of the rapid emergency judgment layer is completed, it will be executed within the delay window.
5. The method for controlling the opening and closing of a deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comprehensive action delay impact index, power supply reliability benefit index, and load balancing benefit index are used to calculate the time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action. Based on the time value integral, the steps to determine the final action to be executed are as follows: The action delay impact index is labeled as D, the power supply reliability benefit index as R, and the load balancing benefit index as L, respectively. The time value integral corresponding to each candidate opening and closing action is calculated by combining the action delay impact index D, the power supply reliability benefit index R, and the load balance benefit index L using the formula V=w1×R+w2×L-w3×D, where w1, w2, and w3 are the weights of the power supply reliability benefit index, the load balance benefit index, and the action delay impact index, respectively, and none of them are zero. Based on the time value integral, the candidate opening and closing action with the largest time value integral is selected as the final action to be executed.
6. The method for controlling the opening and closing of a deeply integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of outputting and executing the opening and closing action command based on the final execution action, and monitoring the opening and closing action chain during execution to determine whether a dynamic backtracking process is triggered and correcting it, specifically includes: The circuit breaker opening and closing action command is output and executed according to the final execution action, and the circuit breaker opening and closing action link is monitored during the execution process; If the circuit breaker fails to complete the expected opening and closing action within the predetermined timeout threshold, the opening and closing action is deemed to have failed. If the circuit breaker status does not match the target status, or the change in electrical quantity is inconsistent with the expected action, the opening and closing action is judged to be a malfunction. When the opening and closing action fails or malfunctions, the dynamic backtracking process is triggered. The source verification results are obtained by sequentially verifying the matching results of the opening and closing control scripts, the action judgment results of the rapid emergency judgment layer and the stability optimization judgment layer, and the time value integral calculation process. Based on the source verification results, the feature weights of the opening and closing control script matching, the priority parameters of the fast emergency judgment layer and the stable optimization judgment layer, and the time value integral weight coefficient are corrected. The opening and closing control action instructions are regenerated and executed based on the corrected parameters.