Bionic flexible brush belt type high-speed seed casting device

Abstract

The application is suitable for the field of agricultural machinery technology, and provides a bionic flexible brush belt type high-speed seed casting device, which comprises a front shell and a rear shell connected with each other, a seed collecting brush wheel and a driving pulley are installed at the upper end in the rear shell, a driving unit is also arranged at the upper end in the rear shell, and a groove hole formed based on a cycloid curve is arranged on the wheel body of the seed collecting brush wheel along the circumferential direction; a driven pulley is installed on one side of the lower end of the rear shell, and a bionic brush belt is connected between the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the bionic brush belt adopts a "H" shape structure; and a seed collecting gap is arranged between the seed collecting brush wheel and the bionic brush belt. The device can effectively reduce the rebound and rolling of seeds in the seed casting device, thereby reducing the re-broadcast index and the grain distance variation coefficient, and realizing accurate regulation of plant spacing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular relates to a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed delivery device. Background Technology

[0002] Sowing is a crucial step in agricultural production, and its precision directly affects crop yield and quality. The seed-feeding device, as an important component of the seeder, is a direct factor determining the qualified seed spacing rate.

[0003] Most existing seed metering devices employ a high-position seeding method, with a seeding device bridging the gap between the seed metering outlet and the seed furrow. Based on their working principles, these devices can be categorized into under-constrained and fully-constrained types. In under-constrained devices, when the sowing speed changes, the seeds collide and bounce against the pipe wall, causing their trajectory to deviate. This makes it difficult to precisely control the horizontal speed of the seeds as they fall into the seed furrow, thus compromising ideal seeding accuracy. Fully-constrained seeding devices are primarily belt-type devices, generally electrically driven, enabling stable seed transport. These devices mainly come in two forms: partitioned belts and bionic brush belts. While partitioned belt devices ensure uniform seed spacing and allow for speed adjustment to optimize seeding, their fixed partition spacing makes speed matching between the seed metering device and the guide belt difficult to adapt to varying operating conditions, resulting in insufficient speed adjustment flexibility. Bionic brush belt seeding devices, on the other hand, offer advantages such as stable seed trajectory, controllable seeding speed, and strong anti-interference capabilities. Most belt seed-feeding devices use finger-shaped seed-feeding wheels as the seed-feeding mechanism. This structure usually consists of a control wheel and a finger, which is complex, requires high precision in installation and fitting, and is prone to damaging the seeds.

[0004] Currently, most belt seeding devices use a partition and finger-shaped seed-dispensing wheel structure, which is difficult to match with professional speeds during operation and can easily damage seeds due to rigid seed placement, making it impossible to achieve ultra-high-speed precision sowing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seeding device that uses a brush for flexible seed placement and guidance, delivering seeds to the optimal seeding height and angle to achieve precise control of plant spacing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seeding device, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a biomimetic flexible brush belt type high-speed seed dispensing device is fixedly installed in the vertical direction of the seed metering device's seed discharge port, specifically including a front shell and a rear shell connected to each other. The front shell includes a lower end and an upper end, and the rear shell includes an upper end and a lower end.

[0007] The upper end of the rear housing is equipped with a seed-brush wheel and a drive pulley. The upper end of the rear housing is also equipped with a drive unit for driving the seed-brush wheel and the drive pulley to rotate. The rotation directions of the seed-brush wheel and the drive pulley are opposite. The seed-brush wheel has a slot formed by a cycloidal curve along its circumference. The seed-brush wheel is connected to the seed metering disc. Its slot is used to accommodate seeds and separate them into individual seeds.

[0008] A driven pulley is installed on the side of the lower end of the rear housing away from the upper end of the rear housing, and a bionic brush belt is connected between the driving pulley and the driven pulley. The bionic brush belt adopts a "human" shaped structure. A tension spring is provided in the middle section of the lower end of the rear housing to provide tension for the bionic brush belt.

[0009] A seed-accepting gap is provided between the seed-accepting brush wheel and the bionic brush belt. The seed gap Used to hold a single seed and direct it into the inner cavity of the seed delivery device.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the front housing and the rear housing are parallel to each other and are fixedly connected by a snap-fit ​​assembly.

[0011] A further technical solution involves providing an arc-shaped seed guide plate made of flexible material at the upper end of the rear housing. This guide plate engages with the outer circumferential surface of the seed-accepting brush wheel to restrict radial movement of the seeds and guide them into the seed-accepting gap in an orderly manner. .

[0012] In a further technical solution, the drive unit includes a reduction gearbox mounted on the upper end of the rear housing. A servo motor is mounted on the reduction gearbox, and the servo motor is connected to both the seed brush wheel and the drive pulley through a gear set inside the reduction gearbox, thereby driving the seed brush wheel and the drive pulley to rotate in opposite directions simultaneously.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the gear set includes a drive pulley shaft gear connected to the drive pulley, a nano-brush wheel shaft gear connected to the nano-brush wheel, and a servo motor gear connected to the servo motor. The servo motor gear meshes with a double gear, and the double gear is connected to both the drive pulley shaft gear and the nano-brush wheel shaft gear through several meshing balancing gears.

[0014] A further technical solution, for nano-sized brush wheels, is as follows: The formula for the cycloidal curve is:

[0015] ;

[0016] in, The parameters (in radians) for generating the curve; is the base circle radius, ; is the rolling circle radius, ; is the eccentricity, ; is the x-axis coordinate of an arbitrary point on the tooth space cycloid relative to the center point in the coordinate system; is the y-axis coordinate of an arbitrary point on the tooth space cycloid relative to the center point in the coordinate system.

[0017] For the "herringbone" structure adopted by the bionic brush belt, the formula is as follows:

[0018] Adopting an improved exponential-trigonometric function combination model, the unilateral brush tip curve The calculation formula is:

[0019] ;

[0020] The brush adopts a "herringbone" symmetric structure:

[0021] The left brush curve The calculation formula is:

[0022] ;

[0023] The right brush curve The calculation formula is:

[0024] ;

[0025] is the x coordinate value of a certain point on the surface in three-dimensional space, is the y coordinate value of a certain point on the surface in three-dimensional space, is the z coordinate value of a certain point on the surface in three-dimensional space.

[0026] Let be the parameter along the brush length, be the width parameter, then:

[0027] ;

[0028] ;

[0029] ;

[0030] Among them, , ;

[0031] The brush density function [[ID=8�]]is:

[0032] ;

[0033] The elastic modulus of the brush was optimized using biomimetic parameters, and its elastic modulus distribution... for:

[0034] ;

[0035] In the above formula, The total length of the brush. ; For the base thickness, ; For effective brush length, ; For amplitude parameters, ; The attenuation coefficient is... ; Angular frequency, ; The phase angle, ; For shape correction parameters, ; As the baseline density, ; For density amplitude, ; For wavelength, ; For the base modulus, MPa; These are the gradient coefficients. .

[0036] This invention provides a biomimetic flexible brush belt type high-speed seed-feeding device. This device utilizes the flexible seed-holding brush wheel. A single seed enters the slot of the seed-holding brush wheel. Protected by the upper arc section of the rear housing, the seed enters the seed-holding gap between the seed-holding brush wheel and the main wheel of the biomimetic brush belt. The seed-holding brush wheel and the main wheel of the biomimetic brush belt rotate in opposite directions, clamping the seed and moving it to the side wall of the seed-feeding device. Under the lateral pressure provided by the biomimetic brush belt, the seed moves uniformly along the side wall of the housing towards the seed-feeding area. By employing a flexible brush wheel, the flexible biomimetic brush belt type seed-feeding device effectively reduces the rebound and rolling of seeds within the seed-feeding device, thereby reducing the reseeding index and the seed spacing variation coefficient. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 An exploded view of a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed delivery device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed delivery device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seed-feeding process of a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed-feeding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed-dispensing brush wheel in a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed-dispensing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biomimetic flexible brush belt in a high-speed seeding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the active pulley in a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seeding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the driven pulley in a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seeding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox in a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed delivery device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 A qualification index diagram of a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed delivery device and a traditional seed delivery tube at different sowing speeds under optimal parameter structure, provided for embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 The diagram shows the coefficient of variation of particle spacing at different sowing speeds under optimal parameter structures for a biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seeding device and a traditional seed guide tube, as provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0047] In the attached diagram: 1. Lower end of the front housing; 2. Upper end of the front housing; 3. Seed-brush wheel; 4. Servo motor; 5. Drive pulley; 6. Upper end of the rear housing; 7. Seed guide plate; 8. Front housing of the gearbox; 9. Rear housing of the gearbox; 10. Tension spring; 11. Bionic brush belt; 12. Lower end of the rear housing; 13. Driven pulley; 14. Drive pulley shaft gear; 15. Seed-brush wheel shaft gear; 16. Servo motor gear; 17. Double gear; 18. Balancing gear. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0049] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0050] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a biomimetic flexible brush belt type high-speed seeding device is provided in one embodiment of the present invention. The device is fixedly installed in the vertical direction of the seed discharge port of the seed meterer. Specifically, it includes a front shell and a rear shell. The front shell and the rear shell are parallel to each other and are fixedly connected by a snap-fit ​​assembly. The front shell includes a lower end 1 and an upper end 2, and the rear shell includes an upper end 6 and a lower end 12.

[0051] The seed-brush wheel 3 and the drive pulley 5 are installed in the upper end 6 of the rear housing. The upper end 6 of the rear housing is also provided with a drive unit for driving the seed-brush wheel 3 and the drive pulley 5 to rotate. The rotation directions of the seed-brush wheel 3 and the drive pulley 5 are opposite. The seed-brush wheel 3 has a slot formed by a cycloidal curve along its circumference. The seed-brush wheel 3 is connected to the seed metering disc. Its slot is used to accommodate seeds and separate them into individual seeds.

[0052] A driven pulley 13 is installed on the side of the lower end 12 of the rear housing away from the upper end 6 inside the rear housing, and a bionic brush belt 11 is connected between the driving pulley 5 and the driven pulley 13. The bionic brush belt 11 adopts a "human" shaped structure to simulate the principle of human hand holding objects. A tension spring 10 is provided in the middle section of the lower end 12 of the rear housing to provide tension for the bionic brush belt 11 and ensure that there is sufficient friction between the bionic brush belt 11 and the driving pulley 5.

[0053] A seed-accepting gap is provided between the seed-accepting brush wheel 3 and the bionic brush belt 11. The seed gap The device is configured to hold a single seed and directionally transport it into the inner cavity of the seed-feeding device. Furthermore, the upper end 6 of the rear housing is equipped with an arc-shaped seed guide plate 7 made of flexible material. The seed guide plate 7 engages with the outer circumferential surface of the seed-holding brush wheel 3 to restrict the radial movement of the seed, thereby guiding the seed into the seed-holding gap in an orderly manner. .

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, after the seed falls into the gap, the seed moves at a constant speed towards the seed inlet along the inner wall of the seed feeding device under the action of the biomimetic brush belt 11. The shape of the seed inlet is tangent to the outer surface of the driven pulley 13. By adjusting the angle of the seed feeding plate, the seed can be fed at zero speed in the horizontal direction, thereby obtaining the maximum uniformity of the seed spacing.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 8As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive unit includes a reduction gearbox mounted on the upper end 6 of the rear housing. A servo motor 4 is mounted on the reduction gearbox, and the servo motor 4 is connected to the seed brush wheel 3 and the drive pulley 5 through the gear set inside the reduction gearbox, and drives the seed brush wheel 3 and the drive pulley 5 to rotate in opposite directions at the same time.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the gearbox includes a front gearbox housing 8 and a rear gearbox housing 9 connected to each other.

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gear set includes a drive pulley shaft gear 14 connected to the drive pulley 5, a seed brush wheel shaft gear 15 connected to the seed brush wheel 3, and a servo motor gear 16 connected to the servo motor 4. The servo motor gear 16 meshes with a double gear 17, and the double gear 17 is simultaneously connected to the drive pulley shaft gear 14 and the seed brush wheel shaft gear 15 through several meshing balancing gears 18.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, specifically, three balancing gears 18 are provided, and the three balancing gears 18 mesh sequentially. One balancing gear 18 located on one side meshes with a double gear 17, and the other two balancing gears 18 mesh with the drive pulley shaft gear 14 and the seed-holding brush wheel shaft gear 15, respectively. In use, the servo motor 4 drives the servo motor gear 16 to rotate, the servo motor gear 16 drives the double gear 17 to rotate, and the double gear 17, through the balancing gears 18, simultaneously drives the drive pulley shaft gear 14 and the seed-holding brush wheel shaft gear 15 to rotate, thereby causing the seed-holding brush wheel 3 and the drive pulley 5 to rotate in opposite directions simultaneously, so that the seeds can enter the seed-holding gap. It exhibits a trend of flexible seed distribution.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the servo motor 4 is mounted on the upper end 6 of the rear housing and is fixed by screws.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for the seed-holding brush wheel 3, the slots formed by the cycloidal curve can shorten the time for the seeds to move into the slots and the time for the seeds to enter the seed-holding gaps. To maximize seeding efficiency within a given timeframe, the curve formula is as follows:

[0061] ;

[0062] in, The parameters (in radians) for generating the curve; The radius of the base circle, ; The radius of the circle is 1 / 3. ; is the eccentricity, ; is the x-axis coordinate of an arbitrary point on the tooth space cycloid relative to the center point in the coordinate system; is the y-axis coordinate of an arbitrary point on the tooth space cycloid relative to the center point in the coordinate system.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for the "V" shape structure adopted by the bionic brush belt 11, its formula is as follows:

[0064] Adopting an improved exponential-trigonometric function combination model, the unilateral brush tip curve has the following calculation formula:

[0065] ;

[0066] The brush adopts a "V" shape symmetric structure:

[0067] The left brush curve has the following calculation formula:

[0068] ;

[0069] The right brush curve has the following calculation formula:

[0070] ;

[0071] is the x coordinate value of a certain point on the surface in three-dimensional space, is the y coordinate value of a certain point on the surface in three-dimensional space, is the z coordinate value of a certain point on the surface in three-dimensional space.

[0072] Let be the brush length parameter, be the width parameter, then:

[0073] ;

[0074] ;

[0075] ;

[0076] Among them, , ;

[0077] The brush density function is:

[0078] ;

[0079] The elastic modulus of the brush was optimized using biomimetic parameters, and its elastic modulus distribution... for:

[0080] ;

[0081] In the above formula, The total length of the brush. ; For the base thickness, ; For effective brush length, ; For amplitude parameters, ; The attenuation coefficient is... ; Angular frequency, ; The phase angle, ; For shape correction parameters, ; As the baseline density, ; For density amplitude, ; For wavelength, ; For the base modulus, MPa; These are the gradient coefficients. .

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, based on Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the seed qualification index of this device at different sowing speeds under the optimal parameter structure is significantly higher than that of the traditional seed guide tube; the seed spacing variation coefficient of the flexible brush belt high-speed seed delivery device at different sowing speeds under the optimal parameter structure is significantly lower than that of the traditional seed guide tube, proving that the seed delivery effect of this device is significantly better than that of the traditional seed guide tube.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic flexible brush belt type high-speed seed dropping device, which is fixedly installed in the vertical direction of the seed discharging port of the seed metering device, and specifically includes a front housing and a rear housing connected to each other. The front housing includes a lower end of the front housing and an upper end of the front housing, and the rear housing includes an upper end of the rear housing and a lower end of the rear housing. It is characterized in that: A seed receiving brush wheel and a driving pulley are installed at the upper end inside the rear housing. A driving unit for driving the seed receiving brush wheel and the driving pulley to rotate is also provided at the upper end inside the rear housing. The rotation directions of the seed receiving brush wheel and the driving pulley are opposite. Groove holes formed based on a cycloid curve are arranged along the circumferential direction of the wheel body of the seed receiving brush wheel. The seed receiving brush wheel is connected to the seed discharging disc, and its groove holes are used to accommodate seeds and separate them into single grains. A driven pulley is installed on one side of the lower end of the rear housing away from the upper end inside the rear housing. A bionic brush belt is connected between the driving pulley and the driven pulley. The bionic brush belt adopts a "human" shaped structure. A tension spring is provided in the middle section of the lower end of the rear housing to provide a tension force for the bionic brush belt. A seed-accepting gap is provided between the seed-accepting brush wheel and the bionic brush belt. The seed gap Used to hold a single seed and direct it into the inner cavity of the seed delivery device.

2. The biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed-feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front housing and the rear housing are parallel to each other and are fixedly connected by a buckle assembly.

3. The biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed-feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the rear housing is also provided with an arc-shaped seed guide plate made of flexible material. The seed guide plate cooperates with the outer circumferential surface of the seed-accepting brush wheel to limit the radial movement of the seeds and guide the seeds into the seed-accepting gap in an orderly manner. .

4. The biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed-feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving unit includes a reduction gearbox installed at the upper end of the rear housing. A servo motor is installed on the reduction gearbox. The servo motor is connected to both the seed receiving brush wheel and the driving pulley through a gear set inside the reduction gearbox, and drives the seed receiving brush wheel and the driving pulley to perform rotational movements in opposite directions simultaneously.

5. The biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed-feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gear set includes a driving pulley shaft gear connected to the driving pulley, a seed receiving brush wheel shaft gear connected to the seed receiving brush wheel, and a servo motor gear connected to the servo motor. The servo motor gear meshes with a double gear. The double gear is connected to both the driving pulley shaft gear and the seed receiving brush wheel shaft gear through a number of meshing balancing gears.

6. The biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed-feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the seed receiving brush wheel, the curve formula of the cycloid curve is as follows: ； in, These are the parameters for generating the curve; The radius of the base circle, ; The radius of the circle is 1 / 3. ; For the eccentricity, ; Let x be the lower x-coordinate of any point on the coarse cycloid in the coordinate system relative to the center point. Let be the y-coordinate of any point on the coarse cycloid in the coordinate system relative to the center point.

7. The biomimetic flexible brush belt high-speed seed-feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the "human" shaped structure adopted by the bionic brush belt, its formula is as follows: An improved exponential-trigonometric function combination model is used to model the single-sided brush spike curve. The calculation formula is: ； The brush adopts a "human" shaped symmetric structure: Left brush curve The calculation formula is: ； Right side brush curve The calculation formula is: ； Let x be the x-coordinate of a point on the surface in three-dimensional space. Let be the y-coordinate value of a point on the surface in three-dimensional space. Let z be the z-coordinate of a point on the surface in three-dimensional space. set up For parameters along the brush length, If the width parameter is used, then: ； ； ； in, , ; Brush density function for: ； The elastic modulus of the brush was optimized using biomimetic parameters, and its elastic modulus distribution... for: ； In the above formula, The total length of the brush. ; For the base thickness, ; For effective brush length, ; For amplitude parameters, ; The attenuation coefficient is... ; Angular frequency, ; The phase angle, ; For shape correction parameters, ; As the baseline density, ; For density amplitude, ; For wavelength, ; For the base modulus, MPa; These are the gradient coefficients. .

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