Marine gangway ladder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship engineering, and discloses a ship gangway ladder which comprises a ladder beam assembly, a ladder beam assembly and a ladder beam assembly, and the ladder beam assembly comprises two ladder beam bodies which are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction; the fixed step plates are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the ladder beam assembly, the fixed step plates are parallel to the horizontal direction, the side walls of the fixed step plates are hinged to the two ladder beam bodies, and a parallelogram is defined by any two fixed step plates and the two ladder beam bodies when the fixed step plates are observed in the left-right direction; and the at least two compensation step plates are movably arranged between the two adjacent fixed step plates and are used for adaptively shielding a gap between the fixed step plates. The ship gangway ladder provided by the invention can flexibly adapt to height difference generated due to water level change, and can automatically shield gaps generated between the fixed step plates due to angle change of the gangway ladder, so that step missing or foot clamping is prevented, and convenience and safety in a passing process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular to a ship gangway. Background Technology

[0002] Ship gangways are passageways used by ships to allow personnel and cargo to embark and disembark when they are docked at a pier. However, due to changes in tides, water levels, and draft caused by loading and unloading cargo, there is a constantly changing height difference between the ship's side and the pier.

[0003] To address this issue, existing technologies have proposed using mechanical linkages, such as parallelogram mechanisms, to achieve automatic leveling of the steps. When the overall angle of the gangway changes, the parallelogram mechanism can keep each step plate horizontal. This design requires no external power and has a relatively simple structure. However, there is a gap between two adjacent fixed steps in this type of gangway, and this gap increases with the angle. This not only affects the comfort of walking, but more importantly, it may cause one to step into a hole or get their foot stuck, posing a serious safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ship gangway that can flexibly adapt to the height difference caused by changes in water level, and can automatically cover the gaps between fixed steps caused by changes in the angle of the gangway, preventing people from stepping into empty spaces or getting their feet caught, thus ensuring convenience and safety during passage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a ship gangway, comprising:

[0006] A ladder beam assembly, comprising two ladder beam bodies arranged parallel to each other in a vertical direction;

[0007] At least three fixed step plates are provided, which are spaced apart along the length of the ladder beam assembly. The fixed step plates are parallel to the horizontal direction. The sidewalls of the fixed step plates are hinged to two ladder beams. When viewed from the left and right direction, any two fixed step plates and two ladder beams define a parallelogram.

[0008] At least two compensating step plates are movably disposed between two adjacent fixed step plates to adaptively block the gap between the fixed step plates.

[0009] Furthermore, among the two adjacent fixed step plates, the fixed step plate located on the front side is designated as the first fixed step plate, and the fixed step plate located on the rear side is designated as the second fixed step plate. The front end face of the compensation step plate is provided with a first slot extending in the front-rear direction. The rear end of the first fixed step plate is slidably inserted into the first slot. A guide component is provided between the rear end of the compensation step plate and the second fixed step plate to guide the relative vertical movement between the compensation step plate and the second fixed step plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the guiding component includes a guide block and a guide groove. The guide groove is vertically formed on the front end face of the second fixed step plate, and the guide block is disposed on the rear end face of the compensating step plate. The guide block is slidably accommodated within the guide groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the guide groove are flush with the upper and lower end surfaces of the second fixed step plate, the guide block extends vertically, and the upper and lower ends of the guide block extend to the upper and lower end surfaces of the compensation step plate, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, when viewed vertically, the guide groove is a T-shaped groove, and the guide block is a T-shaped guide block that matches the shape of the T-shaped groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the marine gangway also includes a transmission assembly, which includes an input gear, an output gear, a transmission gear pair, a rack, and a pedal spindle. The ladder beam and the fixed step plate are hinged together with the pedal spindle as the pivot. The input gear is fixedly mounted on the ladder beam. The fixed step plate has a receiving groove in which the input gear is received. The transmission gear pair and the output gear are received in the receiving groove. The rack is fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the compensating step plate and extends vertically. The input gear, the transmission gear pair, the output gear, and the rack mesh sequentially.

[0014] Furthermore, two clearance grooves extending in the front-rear direction are provided on the side wall of the compensation step plate. The clearance grooves correspond one-to-one with the pedal spindle, and the pedal spindle can slide along the clearance grooves.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the first slot is provided with a support column extending in the front-to-back direction, and the rear end face of the first fixed step plate is provided with a second slot extending in the front-to-back direction, and the support column is slidably inserted into the second slot.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the marine gangway of this invention has the following advantages: By hinged to the sidewalls of at least three fixed steps and two parallel ladder beams, a parallelogram linkage mechanism is constructed. Based on the principle that opposite sides of a parallelogram are parallel, when the overall tilt angle of the ladder beam assembly changes due to the rise and fall of the ship caused by tides or other factors, this linkage mechanism can ensure that all fixed steps always automatically remain parallel to the horizontal direction, providing a stable and horizontal footing surface for passage personnel, thus improving the safety and comfort of passage. When the parallelogram mechanism swings, although the fixed steps remain horizontal, the horizontal distance between adjacent fixed steps will change accordingly, resulting in a changing gap. The compensating steps are movably set between the fixed steps, which can adaptively block this dynamically changing gap. No matter what angle the gangway is at, the compensating steps can automatically adjust their position to fill the gap, eliminating the risk of personnel stepping into gaps or having their feet trapped, further ensuring the safety of passage. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a left view of the ship's gangway at 45° according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a left view of the ship's gangway being horizontally erected according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the ship's gangway being horizontally erected according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] In the diagram, 1 is the ladder beam assembly; 11 is the ladder beam body.

[0021] 2. Fixed step plate; 21. First fixed step plate; 211. Second slot; 22. Second fixed step plate;

[0022] 3. Compensating step plate; 31. First slot; 32. Clearance slot; 33. Support column;

[0023] 4. Guide assembly; 41. Guide block; 42. Guide groove;

[0024] 5. Transmission components; 51. Input gear; 52. Output gear; 53. Transmission gear pair; 54. Rack; 55. Pedal spindle. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," "outer," "lateral," and "longitudinal," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the description of this invention, the terms "provided with," "set up," "connected," and "placed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a marine gangway comprising:

[0031] The ladder beam assembly 1 includes two ladder beam bodies 11 arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction;

[0032] At least three fixed step plates 2 are spaced apart along the length of the ladder beam assembly 1. The fixed step plates 2 are parallel to the horizontal direction. The side walls of the fixed step plates 2 are hinged to two ladder beam bodies 11. When viewed from the left and right direction, any two fixed step plates 2 and two ladder beam bodies 11 are bounded to form a parallelogram.

[0033] At least two compensating step plates 3 are provided, which are movably disposed between two adjacent fixed step plates 2 to adaptively block the gap between the fixed step plates 2.

[0034] Based on the above technical solution, a parallelogram linkage mechanism is constructed by hingedly connecting the sidewalls of at least three fixed step plates 2 to two parallel ladder beams 11. According to the principle that opposite sides of a parallelogram are parallel, when the overall tilt angle of the ladder beam assembly 1 changes due to the rise and fall of the ship caused by factors such as tides, the linkage mechanism can ensure that all fixed step plates 2 always automatically remain parallel to the horizontal direction, providing a stable and horizontal footing surface for passage personnel, and improving the safety and comfort of passage. When the parallelogram mechanism swings, although the fixed step plates 2 remain horizontal, the horizontal distance between adjacent fixed step plates 2 will change accordingly, resulting in a changing gap. The compensating step plate 3 is movably set between the fixed step plates 2, which can adaptively block this dynamically changing gap. No matter what angle the gangway is at, the compensating step plate 3 can automatically adjust its position to fill the gap, eliminating the risk of personnel stepping into empty spaces or having their feet caught, and further ensuring the safety of passage.

[0035] Specifically, the ship's gangway includes two ladder beam assemblies 1, which are spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and a fixed step plate 2 is disposed between the two ladder beam assemblies 1.

[0036] Preferably, in two adjacent fixed step plates 2, the fixed step plate 2 located on the front side is designated as the first fixed step plate 21, and the fixed step plate 2 located on the rear side is designated as the second fixed step plate 22. The front end face of the compensation step plate 3 is provided with a first slot 31 extending in the front-rear direction. The rear end of the first fixed step plate 21 is slidably inserted into the first slot 31. A guide component 4 is provided between the rear end of the compensation step plate 3 and the second fixed step plate 22 to guide the relative vertical movement between the compensation step plate 3 and the second fixed step plate 22.

[0037] A first slot 31 extending in the fore-and-aft direction is provided at the front end of the compensating step plate 3 (i.e., the end of the first fixed step plate 21 facing away from the ship's side and positioned lower). The rear end of the first fixed step plate 21 is slidably inserted into this slot. When the gangway extends due to a gentler angle, the horizontal distance between the first and second fixed step plates 22 increases. At this time, the first fixed step plate 21 slides out relative to the compensating step plate 3, thereby covering the increased gap. When the gangway retracts due to a steeper angle, the horizontal distance between the two fixed step plates 22 decreases. At this time, the first fixed step plate 21 retracts relative to the compensating step plate 3 to accommodate the reduced gap. This slot structure ensures that the horizontal movement of the compensating step plate 3 is constrained and is mainly responsible for adapting to changes in the horizontal distance between the two fixed step plates 2. At the rear end of the compensating step plate 3 (i.e., the end of the first fixed step plate 21 facing away from the ship's side and positioned lower), a first slot 31 is provided. A guide assembly 4 is provided between the end of the second fixed step 22 (facing the ship's side and positioned higher) and the second fixed step 22 to guide the relative movement in the vertical direction. When the parallelogram mechanism of the entire gangway swings, the fixed step 2 not only changes in horizontal distance, but also in its relative vertical position. The guide assembly 4 forces the compensation step 3 to move only along a preset vertical path. It provides vertical movement constraints for the compensation step 3. Combined with the horizontal slot structure at the front end, it determines the movement trajectory of the compensation step 3. It ensures that the compensation step 3 can stably cover the gap between the two adjacent fixed step 2 throughout the entire movement process.

[0038] More preferably, the guide assembly 4 includes a guide block 41 and a guide groove 42. The guide groove 42 is vertically opened on the front end surface of the second fixed step plate 22, and the guide block 41 is disposed on the rear end surface of the compensation step plate 3. The guide block 41 is slidably accommodated in the guide groove 42.

[0039] More preferably, the upper and lower ends of the guide groove 42 are flush with the upper and lower end surfaces of the second fixed step plate 22, and the guide block 41 extends in the vertical direction, with the upper and lower ends of the guide block 41 extending to the upper and lower end surfaces of the compensation step plate 3, respectively.

[0040] The opening height of the guide groove 42 is extended to be flush with the upper and lower end faces of the second fixed step plate 22. At the same time, the length of the guide block 41 is also extended to the entire height of the compensation step plate 3, so that the effective guide length between the guide block 41 and the guide groove 42 is maximized. When a load is applied to the compensation step plate 3, any torque that attempts to tilt or sway it will be effectively resisted by the guide structure, which enhances the anti-overturning and anti-torsional rigidity of the compensation step plate 3 and ensures that it remains stable under load. Moreover, due to the increased contact area between the guide block 41 and the guide groove 42, when a person steps on the compensation step plate 3, the load generated can be evenly distributed on the vertical guide surface of the entire guide assembly 4, avoiding stress concentration in a small area, thereby reducing the pressure per unit area, slowing down the wear rate of the contact surface between the guide block 41 and the guide groove 42, and making the guide assembly 4 have stronger wear resistance and a longer service life.

[0041] More preferably, when viewed vertically, the guide groove 42 is a T-shaped groove, and the guide block 41 is a T-shaped guide block 41 that matches the shape of the T-shaped groove.

[0042] The T-shaped guide block 41 can slide vertically within the T-shaped groove, but it cannot be pulled out or detached horizontally under any circumstances. The rear end of the compensation step plate 3 is restricted to the second fixed step plate 22, avoiding the possibility of separation between the compensation step plate 3 and the second fixed step plate 22 due to violent shaking, accidental impact, or extreme load. The T-shaped fit provides more guiding contact surfaces, and the fit clearance between the T-shaped guide block 41 and the T-shaped groove can be controlled to be very small, thereby reducing play and wobble during sliding. In addition, multiple guiding contact surfaces are conducive to the retention of grease, making the sliding smoother and more fluid, and reducing the risk of jamming.

[0043] More preferably, the marine gangway also includes a transmission assembly 5, which includes an input gear 51, an output gear 52, a transmission gear pair 53, a rack 54, and a pedal spindle 55. The ladder beam 11 and the fixed step plate 2 are hinged with the pedal spindle 55 as the pivot. The input gear 51 is fixedly mounted on the ladder beam 11. The fixed step plate 2 is provided with a receiving groove, in which the input gear 51 is received. The transmission gear pair 53 and the output gear 52 are received in the receiving groove. The rack 54 is fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the compensating step plate 3 and extends vertically. The input gear 51, the transmission gear pair 53, the output gear 52, and the rack 54 mesh sequentially.

[0044] Based on the above technical solution, the movement of the gangway is the relative rotation of the ladder beam 11 with respect to the fixed step plate 2. This rotation revolves around their hinge axis—the main shaft 55 of the tread. When the hull rises and falls, the overall angle of the gangway changes, and the included angle between the ladder beam 11 and the fixed step plate 2 changes. When the ladder beam 11 rotates relative to the fixed step plate 2, the input gear 51 fixed on the ladder beam 11 will rotate relative to the fixed step plate 2. The rotation of the input gear 51 is transmitted to the transmission gear pair 53 through meshing with the transmission gear pair 53. The transmission gear pair 53 meshes with the output gear 52 and then transmits the rotation to the output gear 52. The output gear 52 meshes with the rack 54 fixed at the rear end of the compensating step plate 3, driving the rack 54 to move linearly up and down in the vertical direction, thereby driving the vertical movement of the compensating step plate 3.

[0045] The movement of the compensation step plate 3 is transformed from a passive process constrained only by the guide component 4 into a process actively adapted by the gear system. The rotation angle of the ladder beam 11 is converted into a linear displacement of the rack 54 through a constant gear transmission ratio. This eliminates the movement lag, incomplete movement, or jamming that may occur in the passive structure due to changes in friction, component gaps, or minor deformations, ensuring that the compensation action of the compensation step plate 3 is completely synchronized with the change of the gangway angle.

[0046] More preferably, two relief grooves 32 extending in the front-rear direction are provided on the side wall of the compensation step plate 3. The relief grooves 32 correspond one-to-one with the pedal spindle 55, and the pedal spindle 55 can slide along the relief grooves 32.

[0047] The main shaft 55 of the tread is the hinged pivot between the ladder beam 11 and the fixed step plate 2. It passes through the fixed step plate 2, while the compensating step plate 3 needs to perform a compound movement in the forward and backward and vertical directions between the two fixed step plates 2. In its movement trajectory, its side wall will inevitably overlap with the position of the main shaft 55 of the tread. The clearance groove 32 is provided to ensure that the compensating step plate 3 can pass over the position of the main shaft 55 of the tread throughout the entire movement stroke, thereby avoiding mechanical interference and ensuring the smooth realization of the self-adaptive adjustment function of the ship's gangway.

[0048] More preferably, the bottom of the first slot 31 is provided with a support column 33 extending in the front-rear direction, and the rear end face of the first fixed step plate 21 is provided with a second slot 211 extending in the front-rear direction, and the support column 33 is slidably inserted into the second slot 211.

[0049] When personnel step on the compensating step plate 3, the weight is mainly borne by the overlap between the side wall of the first slot 31 and the fixed step plate 2. Under long-term load, this overlap area may bend or fracture due to fatigue. The insertion structure between the support column 33 and the second slot 211 increases the connection strength between the compensating step plate 3 and the fixed step plate 2. The vertical load is borne by the overlap between the side wall of the first slot 31 and the fixed step plate 2 and the insertion structure between the support column 33 and the second slot 211. The load that the bearing area can withstand is increased, the safety factor of the ship's gangway is improved, and it can cope with situations where multiple people pass through or carry heavy objects at the same time.

[0050] In summary, this invention provides a marine gangway that constructs a parallelogram linkage mechanism by hingedly connecting the sidewalls of at least three fixed step plates 2 to two parallel ladder beams 11. Based on the principle that opposite sides of a parallelogram are parallel, when the overall tilt angle of the ladder beam assembly 1 changes due to the rise and fall of the ship caused by factors such as tides, this linkage mechanism ensures that all fixed step plates 2 always automatically remain parallel to the horizontal direction, providing a stable and horizontal footing surface for passage personnel, thus improving the safety and comfort of passage. When the parallelogram mechanism swings, although the fixed step plates 2 remain horizontal, the horizontal distance between adjacent fixed step plates 2 will change accordingly, resulting in a changing gap. The compensating step plate 3 is movably set between the fixed step plates 2, which can adaptively block this dynamically changing gap. No matter what angle the gangway is at, the compensating step plate 3 can automatically adjust its position to fill the gap, eliminating the risk of personnel stepping into gaps or having their feet trapped, further ensuring the safety of passage.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship's gangway, characterized in that, include: A ladder beam assembly (1) comprising two ladder beam bodies (11) arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction; At least three fixed step plates (2) are spaced apart along the length of the ladder beam assembly (1). The fixed step plates (2) are parallel to the horizontal direction. The sidewalls of the fixed step plates (2) are hinged to two ladder beam bodies (11). When viewed from the left and right direction, any two fixed step plates (2) and two ladder beam bodies (11) define a parallelogram. At least two compensating step plates (3) are movably disposed between two adjacent fixed step plates (2) to adaptively block the gap between the fixed step plates (2).

2. The marine gangway according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the two adjacent fixed step plates (2), the fixed step plate (2) located on the front side is referred to as the first fixed step plate (21), and the fixed step plate (2) located on the rear side is referred to as the second fixed step plate (22). The front end face of the compensation step plate (3) is provided with a first slot (31) extending in the front-rear direction. The rear end of the first fixed step plate (21) is slidably inserted into the first slot (31). A guide component (4) is provided between the rear end of the compensation step plate (3) and the second fixed step plate (22) for guiding the relative vertical movement between the compensation step plate (3) and the second fixed step plate (22).

3. The marine gangway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide assembly (4) includes a guide block (41) and a guide groove (42). The guide groove (42) is opened vertically on the front end face of the second fixed step plate (22). The guide block (41) is disposed on the rear end face of the compensation step plate (3). The guide block (41) is slidably accommodated in the guide groove (42).

4. The marine gangway according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the guide groove (42) are flush with the upper and lower end surfaces of the second fixed step plate (22). The guide block (41) extends in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower ends of the guide block (41) extend to the upper and lower end surfaces of the compensation step plate (3), respectively.

5. The marine gangway according to claim 3, characterized in that, Viewed vertically, the guide groove (42) is a T-shaped groove, and the guide block (41) is a T-shaped guide block (41) that matches the shape of the T-shaped groove.

6. The marine gangway according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a transmission assembly (5), which includes an input gear (51), an output gear (52), a transmission gear pair (53), a rack (54), and a pedal spindle (55). The ladder beam (11) and the fixed step plate (2) are hinged together with the pedal spindle (55) as the pivot. The input gear (51) is fixedly mounted on the ladder beam (11). The fixed step plate (2) is provided with a receiving groove. The input gear (51) is received in the receiving groove. The transmission gear pair (53) and the output gear (52) are received in the receiving groove. The rack (54) is fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the compensating step plate (3). The rack (54) extends in the vertical direction. The input gear (51), the transmission gear pair (53), the output gear (52), and the rack (54) mesh in sequence.

7. The marine gangway according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side wall of the compensation step plate (3) has two relief grooves (32) extending in the front-back direction. The relief grooves (32) correspond one-to-one with the pedal spindle (55). The pedal spindle (55) can slide along the relief grooves (32).

8. The marine gangway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the first slot (31) is provided with a support column (33) extending in the front-back direction, and the rear end face of the first fixed step plate (21) is provided with a second slot (211) extending in the front-back direction, and the support column (33) is slidably inserted into the second slot (211).

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