Electro-hydraulic drill string rotation control joint

Abstract

The invention provides a tool applied to the field of oil and gas exploitation, and particularly relates to an electro-hydraulic drill string rotation control connector which comprises a hydraulic module and a variable-diameter clutch module, the hydraulic module drives an electromagnetic valve to open and close a hydraulic oil flow channel through an MCU, and stretching and retracting of a piston pressing cylinder are controlled in combination with upward pulling and downward lowering of a drill string; and the working state and position of the drill column are detected in real time in combination with the inertial navigator, and after the drill column reaches the working position, the MCU actively executes a drill column rotating command. Rotation of the drill column is controlled through a hydraulic and mechanical structure, work is reliable, frictional resistance and spiral bending of the drill column in a horizontal well and a large-displacement well are effectively reduced, and an underground tool can be efficiently and safely put into the well.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention is applicable to the field of oil and gas extraction, and specifically relates to an electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint. Background Technology

[0002] As oil and gas extraction expands into deeper wells, unconventional wells, and deepwater drilling, horizontal wells and extended reach wells have become key technologies for improving production and recovery rates. However, these well types face significant frictional resistance and helical bending issues during the downhole tool running phase after drilling and completion. The drill string experiences a sharp increase in contact pressure with the wellbore in the dogleg section, leading to increased axial frictional resistance. In the horizontal section, the drill string adheres tightly to the lower side of the wellbore due to gravity, resulting in extremely high static frictional resistance, significantly reducing the traverse force and affecting the drill string running depth. Currently, the common method for running downhole tools is to rotate the drill string and downhole tools simultaneously. However, when the distance between the downhole tools and the casing is too small, there is a risk of stuck pipe and helical bending.

[0003] Therefore, how to reduce the frictional resistance and helical bending generated during the deployment of downhole tools and smoothly lower them to the designated location is a problem that the field is eager to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose an electro-hydraulic drill string rotation control joint, in which the drill string above the joint rotates freely, while the downhole tool below the joint can be controlled to rotate. Before the drill string reaches the working position, the drill string above the joint rotates independently, thereby reducing the frictional resistance and helical bending of the drill string. Combined with intelligent control, after reaching the working position, the drill string below the joint is actively controlled to rotate, so as to lower the downhole tool into the designated position while protecting the tool.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: the electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint includes a hydraulic module and a variable diameter clutch module.

[0006] The hydraulic module includes an upper connector, an upper spline sleeve, an upper spline shaft, a control unit, an upper piston cylinder, a bearing moving sleeve, an upper piston compression spring, an upper piston cylinder, a downward pressure check valve, a lower piston cylinder, a bearing stationary sleeve, a downward pressure solenoid valve, an upper mandrel, an upward lifting check valve, and an upward lifting solenoid valve. The upper connector and the upper mandrel are slidable relative to each other. The upper connector is threaded to the upper spline shaft. The upper spline sleeve and the upper spline shaft transmit torque through a spline fit. The upper spline shaft can axially press down on the upper piston cylinder. The control unit is installed in the inner cavity of the upper spline shaft and includes an inertial navigation system, a relay, an MCU, an electromagnetic wave telemetry sensor, and is equipped with a battery pack and a voltage regulator circuit. The upper piston cylinder is installed in the upper piston cylinder. The bearing moving sleeve is threaded to the upper spline sleeve. The upper piston compression spring is installed in the annular space formed by the upper piston cylinder and the upper piston cylinder. The upper piston cylinder and the bearing moving sleeve are interference-fitted. The upper piston cylinder is fitted with the upper connector and the upper mandrel with clearance. The upper connector can drive the upper splined shaft to move axially. The lower pressure check valve, lower pressure solenoid valve, upper lift check valve, and upper lift solenoid valve form a hydraulic circuit unit, which is installed in the hydraulic port of the lower piston cylinder. The lower piston cylinder is connected to the upper mandrel through threads and bearing moving sleeve, thereby transmitting torque to the upper mandrel. The bearing stationary sleeve and bearing moving sleeve are fitted by bearings and move independently. When the upper connector is pressed down, it drives the upper piston cylinder to press down. At this time, the movement of the lower piston cylinder can be controlled by controlling the hydraulic flow channel with the solenoid valve.

[0007] The variable diameter clutch module includes a lower piston cylinder, a lower piston compression spring, a clutch housing, a friction mandrel, a lower splined shaft, a lower splined sleeve, a lower mandrel, a lower connector, an anti-drop nut, a friction pad compression spring, a lower pressure plate, friction pads, and a set screw. The lower piston cylinder is installed in the lower piston cylinder, and the lower piston compression spring is installed in the annular space formed by the lower piston cylinder and the lower piston cylinder. The clutch housing is connected to the bearing sleeve via threads, and there is a clearance fit between the clutch housing and the lower piston cylinder. The friction mandrel has a friction metal layer and is connected to the upper and lower mandrels via threads. The upper section of the lower splined shaft is designed with a through groove and a spring countersunk hole, and the lower splined section is connected to the lower splined sleeve to transmit torque. The lower splined sleeve is connected to the lower... The connector is connected, and the anti-drop nut is connected to the lower mandrel via threads, with a clearance fit between it and the lower connector. The friction pad compression spring is installed between the lower pressure plate and the upper section of the spring countersunk hole of the lower spline shaft. The lower pressure plate and the friction pad are connected by a set screw, which is installed in the through groove of the upper section of the lower spline shaft. The hydraulic module drives the lower piston cylinder to press down, and the lower pressure plate gradually contacts the lower piston cylinder. As the contact deepens, the lower pressure plate drives the friction pad to compress radially, and the friction pad compression spring is compressed. The friction pad gradually contacts the friction metal layer of the friction mandrel, thereby realizing torque transmission. When the lower piston cylinder returns to its original position and separates from the lower pressure plate, the friction pad compression spring returns to its original position, causing the friction pad to separate from the friction metal layer of the friction mandrel, and torque is no longer transmitted.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the outer surface of the upper spline shaft is provided with spline A, which cooperates with the spline groove B on the inner surface of the upper spline sleeve to ensure that the upper spline shaft will not rotate circumferentially when moving axially. The outer surface of the lower spline shaft is provided with spline C, which cooperates with the spline groove D on the inner surface of the lower spline sleeve to transmit the torque transmitted by the lower spline shaft.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the hydraulic circuit unit consisting of a downward pressure check valve, a downward pressure solenoid valve, an upward pressure check valve, and an upward pressure solenoid valve is circumferentially and evenly installed in the hydraulic holes of the lower piston cylinder, totaling three sets. The friction pad compression spring, the lower pressure plate, the friction pad, and the set screw are circumferentially and evenly installed in the through groove of the upper section of the lower spline shaft, totaling three sets.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the upper connector and the upper mandrel are fitted with a clearance and can move axially. Lifting the upper connector can drive the upper spline shaft to move. The torque of the upper connector is transmitted to the upper mandrel through the upper spline shaft, the upper spline sleeve, the bearing moving sleeve, and the lower piston cylinder.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. It adopts electro-hydraulic control technology and hydraulically starts the drill string rotation control joint, which has a fast response speed, stable operation and simple operation.

[0012] 2. The inertial navigation system measures the current drill string speed and status in real time. When it reaches the working position, it actively controls the rotation of the drill string below the connector, realizing intelligent control and saving working time.

[0013] 3. The electromagnetic wave telemetry sensor wirelessly transmits the drill string lifting command. The raising and lowering of the drill string and the solenoid valve control of the hydraulic pipeline realize the engagement and disengagement of the drill string. The rotation of the drill string can be controlled at any time, resulting in high work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an isometric sectional view of the upper spline sleeve; Figure 3 This is the isometric drawing of the spline shaft; Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the upper piston cylinder; Figure 5 This is an isometric sectional view of the lower piston cylinder; Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the lower piston cylinder; Figure 7 This is an isometric sectional view of the friction mandrel; Figure 8 Isometric drawing of the lower spline shaft; Figure 9 Axonometric drawing of a variable-diameter clutch; Figure 10 This is an isometric sectional view of the lower spline sleeve; Figure 11 This is a control unit framework diagram; Figure 12 Execution flowchart; In the diagram: 1-Upper connector, 2-Upper spline sleeve, 201-Spline groove B, 3-Upper spline shaft, 301-Spline A, 4-Control unit, 5-Upper piston cylinder, 6-Bearing moving sleeve, 7-Upper piston compression spring, 8-Upper piston cylinder, 9-Lower pressure check valve, 10-Lower piston cylinder, 11-Bearing stationary sleeve, 12-Lower pressure solenoid valve, 13-Upper mandrel, 14-Lifting check valve, 15-Lifting solenoid valve, 16-Lower piston pressure cylinder, 17 - Lower piston compression spring, 18- Clutch housing, 19- Friction mandrel, 1901- Friction metal layer, 20- Lower spline shaft, 2001- Upper section through groove, 2002- Upper section spring countersunk hole, 2003- Spline C, 21- Lower spline sleeve, 2101- Spline groove D, 22- Lower mandrel, 23- Lower connector, 24- Anti-drop nut, 25- Friction pad compression spring, 26- Lower pressure plate, 27- Friction pad, 28- Set screw. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only a part of the present invention, and not all of it. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments without creative effort are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] Reference Figure 1 An electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint, characterized in that: the electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint includes a hydraulic module and a variable diameter clutch module.

[0017] The hydraulic module includes an upper connector 1, an upper spline sleeve 2, an upper spline shaft 3, a control unit 4, an upper piston cylinder 5, a bearing moving sleeve 6, an upper piston compression spring 7, an upper piston cylinder 8, a downward pressure check valve 9, a lower piston cylinder 10, a bearing stationary sleeve 11, a downward pressure solenoid valve 12, an upper mandrel 13, an upward lifting check valve 14, and an upward lifting solenoid valve 15. The upper connector 1 and the upper mandrel 13 are clearance-fitted and can slide relative to each other. The upper connector 1 is threaded to the upper spline shaft 3. The upper spline sleeve 2 and the upper spline shaft 3 transmit torque through a spline fit. The axial movement of the upper spline shaft 3 allows it to contact the upper piston cylinder 5. The control unit 4 is installed in the inner cavity of the upper spline shaft 3 and includes an inertial navigation system, relays, an MCU, an electromagnetic telemetry sensor, a battery pack, and a voltage regulator circuit, all housed within the cavity. The upper piston cylinder 5 is installed in the upper piston cylinder 8. The bearing moving sleeve 6 is threaded to the upper spline sleeve 2. The upper piston compression spring 7 is installed in the upper piston cylinder 8. In the annular space formed by the plug cylinder 5 and the upper piston cylinder 8, the upper piston cylinder 8 is installed with an interference fit with the bearing moving sleeve 6, and the upper piston cylinder 8 is installed with a clearance fit with the upper connector 1 and the upper spindle 13. The upper connector 1 can drive the upper spline shaft 3 to move axially. The downward pressure check valve 9, the downward pressure solenoid valve 12, the upward lifting check valve 14, and the upward lifting solenoid valve 15 form a hydraulic oil circuit unit, which is installed in the hydraulic hole of the lower piston cylinder 10. The lower piston cylinder 10 is connected to the upper spindle 13 through the bearing moving sleeve 6 via threads, thereby transmitting torque to the upper spindle. The bearing stationary sleeve 11 and the bearing moving sleeve 6 are engaged by bearings, and the two move independently. The variable diameter clutch module includes a lower piston cylinder 16, a lower piston compression spring 17, a clutch housing 18, a friction spindle 19, a lower splined shaft 20, a lower splined sleeve 21, a lower spindle 22, a lower connector 23, an anti-drop nut 24, a friction pad compression spring 25, a lower pressure plate 26, a friction pad 27, and a set screw 28. The lower piston cylinder 16 is installed in the lower piston cylinder 10, and the lower piston compression spring 17 is installed in the annular space formed by the lower piston cylinder 16 and the lower piston cylinder 10. The clutch housing 18 is connected to the bearing sleeve 6 by threads, and there is a clearance fit between the clutch housing 18 and the lower piston cylinder 16. The friction spindle 19 has friction... Metal layer 1901, friction mandrel 19 is connected to upper mandrel 13 and lower mandrel 22 by threads, the upper section of lower spline shaft 20 is designed with through groove 2001 and spring countersunk hole 2002, the lower spline is connected to lower spline sleeve 21, lower spline sleeve 21 is connected to lower connector 23 by threads, anti-drop nut 24 is connected to lower mandrel 22 by threads, and there is a clearance fit between it and lower connector 23, friction pad compression spring 25 is installed between lower pressure plate 26 and spring countersunk hole 2002 in the upper section of lower spline shaft, lower pressure plate 26 is connected to friction pad 27 by set screw 28, installed in through groove 2001 in the upper section of lower spline shaft, and can perform radial compression.

[0018] Reference Figure 11The control unit 4 integrates an MCU, an electromagnetic telemetry sensor, a host computer interface, relays, inertial navigation signal reading, power supply, and voltage regulation functions. Before running the drill string downhole, the MCU's internal program is debugged via the host computer interface. During operation, the voltage regulation circuit distributes voltage to each component. The inertial navigation system acquires data such as the drill string's speed, acceleration, and running depth, which is transmitted to the MCU via IIC communication. The MCU uses built-in filtering and attitude calculation algorithms to obtain the tool's status information. Then, the MCU connects to the electromagnetic telemetry sensor via its TTL serial port to transmit signals to control the drill string's lifting and lowering. The MCU controls the solenoid valve by opening and closing the relays through its I / O ports.

[0019] Reference Figure 4 , 5 6, 7, 8, 9. In this example, the drill string rotation control is implemented as follows: When the tool is lowered, the drill string above the rotation control joint rotates independently. At this time, all hydraulic oil passages are closed, and hydraulic oil accumulates in the upper piston cylinder 8. When the tool is lowered above the working position, the control unit 4 controls the lower pressure solenoid valve 12 to open the lower pressure passage. The upper piston cylinder 5 is pressed down by the pressure transmitted from the upper connector 1 to the upper spline shaft 3. The hydraulic oil reaches the lower piston cylinder 10 through the lower pressure check valve 9 and the lower pressure solenoid valve 12. The high-pressure hydraulic oil pushes the lower piston cylinder 16 down, and the upper piston compresses the spring 7 and... The lower piston compression spring 17 is compressed, and the inner wall of the lower piston cylinder 16 gradually contacts the lower pressure plate 26. The lower pressure plate 26 contracts radially, the friction pad compression spring 25 is compressed, and the lower piston cylinder 16 continues to press down, causing the lower pressure plate 26 to drive the friction pad 27 to contact the friction metal layer 1901 of the friction mandrel 19. After being fully pressed down, the friction mandrel 19 is locked with the lower spline shaft 20. The torque transmitted by the upper mandrel 13 is transmitted to the lower spline shaft 20 through the friction mandrel 19. The lower spline shaft 20 transmits torque to the lower spline sleeve 21 through the spline C, realizing the rotation of the drill string below the rotary control joint.

[0020] Reference Figure 12In one specific embodiment, the electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint is lowered into the well. Initially, the drill string above the rotary control joint rotates independently, and the hydraulic oil passages are all closed. Hydraulic oil accumulates in the upper piston cylinder 8. When it is lowered above the working position, the inertial navigation system sends feedback to the control unit 4. The control unit 4 controls the lower pressure solenoid valve 12 to open the lower pressure passage. The upper piston cylinder 5 is pressed down by the pressure transmitted from the upper connector 1 to the upper spline shaft 3. The upper piston cylinder 5 moves down 20cm, and the hydraulic oil reaches the lower piston cylinder 10 through the lower pressure check valve 9 and the lower pressure solenoid valve 12. The high-pressure hydraulic oil pushes the lower piston cylinder 16 down. Move 30cm, the upper piston compression spring 7 and the lower piston compression spring 17 are compressed, the inner wall of the lower piston cylinder 16 gradually contacts the lower pressure plate 26, the lower pressure plate 26 contracts radially, the friction pad compression spring 25 is compressed, the lower piston cylinder 16 continues to press down, causing the lower pressure plate 26 to drive the friction pad 27 to contact the friction metal layer 1901 of the friction mandrel 19. After being fully pressed down, the friction mandrel 19 is locked with the lower spline shaft 20. The torque transmitted by the upper mandrel 13 is transmitted to the lower spline shaft 20 through the friction mandrel 19. The lower spline shaft 20 transmits torque to the lower spline sleeve 21 through the spline C, realizing the rotation of the drill string below the rotary control joint and sending the tool into place. When the drill string above the control connector still needs to rotate independently after locking, a wireless command is sent through the electromagnetic remote sensing sensor to drive the drive device to lift the drill string. The control unit 4 controls the lifting solenoid valve 15 to open the lifting channel. The upper piston cylinder 5 is no longer under the pressure applied by the upper spline shaft 3. The upper piston compression spring 7 and the lower piston compression spring 17 rebound, driving the upper piston cylinder 5 and the lower piston cylinder 16 to reset. The hydraulic oil returns to the upper piston cylinder 8, and the lower pressure plate 26 gradually separates from the lower piston cylinder 16. The friction pad compression spring 25 rebounds, and the lower pressure plate 26 is driven by the elastic force of the friction pad compression spring 25 to separate the friction pad 27 from the friction metal layer 1901 of the friction mandrel 19. At this time, the friction mandrel 19 no longer transmits torque to the lower spline shaft 20, that is, the drill string above the control connector is restored to the state of independent rotation. If the drill string below the control connector still needs to rotate, the above operation can be repeated.

Claims

1. An electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint, characterized in that: The electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint includes a hydraulic module and a variable diameter clutch module. The hydraulic module includes an upper connector (1), an upper spline sleeve (2), an upper spline shaft (3), a control unit (4), an upper piston cylinder (5), a bearing moving sleeve (6), an upper piston compression spring (7), an upper piston cylinder (8), a downward pressure check valve (9), a lower piston cylinder (10), a bearing stationary sleeve (11), a downward pressure solenoid valve (12), an upper spindle (13), an upward lifting check valve (14), and an upward lifting solenoid valve (15). The upper connector (1) and the upper spindle (13) are clearance-fitted and can slide relative to each other. The upper connector (1) is connected to the upper spline shaft (3) by a thread. The upper spline sleeve (2) and the upper spline shaft (3) transmit torque through a spline fit. The axial movement of the upper spline shaft (3) can contact the upper piston cylinder (5). The control unit (4) is installed in the inner cavity of the upper spline shaft (3) and includes an inertial navigation system, a relay, an MCU, an electromagnetic wave telemetry sensor, and is equipped with a battery pack and a voltage regulator circuit. Placed together in the cavity, the upper piston cylinder (5) is installed in the upper piston cylinder (8), the bearing moving sleeve (6) is connected to the upper spline sleeve (2) by threads, the upper piston compression spring (7) is installed in the annulus formed by the upper piston cylinder (5) and the upper piston cylinder (8), the upper piston cylinder (8) is installed with an interference fit to the bearing moving sleeve (6), the upper piston cylinder (8) is installed with a clearance fit to the upper connector (1) and the upper spindle (13), the upper connector (1) can drive the upper spline shaft (3) to move axially, the downward pressure check valve (9), the downward pressure solenoid valve (12), the upward lifting check valve (14), and the upward lifting solenoid valve (15) form a hydraulic oil circuit unit, which is installed in the hydraulic hole of the lower piston cylinder (10), the lower piston cylinder (10) is connected to the upper spindle (13) by threads to the bearing moving sleeve (6), thereby transmitting torque to the upper spindle, the bearing stationary sleeve (11) and the bearing moving sleeve (6) are connected by bearings, and the two move independently; The variable diameter clutch module includes a lower piston cylinder (16), a lower piston compression spring (17), a clutch housing (18), a friction spindle (19), a lower splined shaft (20), a lower splined sleeve (21), a lower spindle (22), a lower connector (23), an anti-drop nut (24), a friction pad compression spring (25), a lower pressure plate (26), a friction pad (27), and a set screw (28). The lower piston cylinder (16) is installed in the lower piston cylinder (10), and the lower piston compression spring (17) is installed in the lower piston cylinder (16). In the annular space formed by the clutch housing (18) and the lower piston cylinder (10), the clutch housing (18) is connected to the bearing sleeve (6) by a thread. The clutch housing (18) and the lower piston cylinder (16) are in clearance fit. The friction mandrel (19) has a friction metal layer (1901). The friction mandrel (19) is connected to the upper mandrel (13) and the lower mandrel (22) by a thread. The upper section of the lower spline shaft (20) is designed with a through groove (2001) and a spring countersunk hole (2002). The lower spline is connected to the lower spline sleeve (21). The lower spline sleeve (21) is connected by a through groove (2001) and a spring countersunk hole (2002). The threaded connection is to the lower connector (23), and the anti-drop nut (24) is connected to the lower spindle (22) via the thread, with a clearance fit between it and the lower connector (23). The friction pad compression spring (25) is installed between the lower pressure plate (26) and the upper section spring countersunk hole (2002) of the lower spline shaft (20). The lower pressure plate (26) is connected to the friction pad (27) via a set screw (28), which is installed in the upper section through groove (2001) of the lower spline shaft (20). The hydraulic module drives the lower piston cylinder (16) to press down, and the lower pressure plate (26) gradually... When the friction pad (27) comes into contact with the lower piston cylinder (26), as the contact deepens, the lower pressure plate (26) causes the friction pad (27) to compress radially. The friction pad compression spring (25) is compressed, and the friction pad (27) gradually comes into contact with the friction metal layer (1901) of the friction spindle (19), thereby realizing torque transmission. When the lower piston cylinder (16) resets and separates from the lower pressure plate (26), the friction pad compression spring (25) resets, causing the friction pad (27) to separate from the friction metal layer (1901) of the friction spindle (19), and no longer transmits torque.

2. The electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper spline shaft (3) has a spline A (301) on its outer surface, which cooperates with the spline groove B (201) on the inner surface of the upper spline sleeve (2) to ensure that the upper spline shaft (3) will not rotate circumferentially when it moves axially. The lower spline shaft (20) has a spline C (2003) on its outer surface, which cooperates with the spline groove D (2101) on the inner surface of the lower spline sleeve (21) to transmit the torque transmitted by the lower spline shaft (20).

3. The electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing moving sleeve (6) and the bearing stationary sleeve (11) are clearance-fitted, and the two move independently through sealing and lubrication, without transmitting torque.

4. The electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydraulic circuit unit, consisting of a downward pressure check valve (9), a downward pressure solenoid valve (12), an upward pressure check valve (14), and an upward pressure solenoid valve (15), is circumferentially and evenly installed in the hydraulic holes of the lower piston cylinder (10), totaling three sets. The friction pad compression spring (25), the lower pressure plate (26), the friction pad (27), and the set screw (28) are circumferentially and evenly installed in the upper section through groove (2001) of the lower spline shaft, totaling three sets.

5. The electro-hydraulic drill string rotary control joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper connector (1) and the upper spindle (13) are fitted with a clearance and can move axially. Lifting the upper connector (1) can drive the upper spline shaft (3) to move. The torque of the upper connector (1) is transmitted to the upper spindle (13) through the upper spline shaft (3), the upper spline sleeve (2), the bearing moving sleeve (6), and the lower piston cylinder (10).

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