A starting method, device, equipment and storage medium of a fuel cell engine

Abstract

The application discloses a starting method, device, equipment and storage medium of a fuel cell engine. The starting method comprises the following steps: when the fuel cell engine is in a cold engine starting state with an ambient temperature greater than 0 DEG C, controlling the fuel cell engine to execute a hot engine mode; when the outlet temperature of the electric pile cooling liquid reaches a first target temperature, acquiring the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the intercooler cooling liquid; when the inlet temperature of the intercooler cooling liquid is less than the outlet temperature of the intercooler cooling liquid, controlling the fuel cell engine to enter a load drawing mode. The technical scheme of the application ensures that the temperature condition of the fuel cell engine reaches a target value quickly before rapid load drawing, avoids the failure of water flooding of the electric pile caused by liquid water due to the increase of current when directly entering the load drawing mode, and realizes the rapid hot engine while ensuring the normal work of the fuel cell engine.

Description

A method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for starting a fuel cell engine Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for starting a fuel cell engine. Background Technology

[0002] During the cold start-up process of a fuel cell engine in an ambient temperature above 0°C, the coolant is not preheated. During rapid load loading, when switching between large and small circulation cycles, the low-temperature coolant enters the cooling system, causing liquid water to enter the fuel cell stack. This results in water flooding at the gas inlet of the fuel cell stack, leading to a rapid drop in voltage or even reversal of polarity, which affects the normal operation of the engine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for starting a fuel cell engine, in order to solve the problem that direct rapid load application during cold start-up in the prior art leads to water flooding at the gas inlet of the fuel cell stack, affecting the normal operation of the engine.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for starting a fuel cell engine is provided, comprising:

[0005] When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with an ambient temperature greater than 0°C, the fuel cell engine is controlled to execute a hot start mode.

[0006] When the coolant outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the first target temperature, the coolant inlet temperature and coolant outlet temperature of the intercooler are obtained.

[0007] When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, the fuel cell engine is controlled to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0008] Optionally, controlling the fuel cell engine to execute thermal engine mode includes:

[0009] Obtain the target air compressor speed, the target water pump speed, and the preset three-way valve opening;

[0010] The air compressor is controlled to operate according to the target air compressor speed, the water pump is controlled to operate according to the target water pump speed, and the three-way valve is controlled to open at the corresponding angle according to the preset three-way valve opening degree.

[0011] Optionally, the target air compressor speed can be obtained, including:

[0012] Obtain the target cell voltage; wherein the target cell voltage is less than the cell voltage during normal operation of the fuel cell engine;

[0013] Determine the air metering ratio based on the target cell voltage;

[0014] The target air compressor speed is determined based on the air metering ratio.

[0015] Optionally, the operation of the air compressor is controlled according to the target air compressor speed, including:

[0016] When the target air compressor speed is greater than the maximum allowable speed of the air compressor, control the air compressor to run at the maximum allowable speed of the air compressor and increase the opening of the bypass valve.

[0017] Optional, also includes:

[0018] When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is greater than or equal to the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, the fuel cell engine continues to operate in thermal mode.

[0019] When the coolant outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the second target temperature, the fuel cell engine is controlled to enter the load-bearing mode; wherein the second target temperature is greater than the first target temperature.

[0020] Optionally, before the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state where the ambient temperature is above 0°C, the following may also be included:

[0021] Acquire ambient temperature, fuel cell coolant inlet temperature, and fuel cell coolant outlet temperature;

[0022] The inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack is determined based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant, and the average inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack are determined based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant.

[0023] When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature difference, the fuel cell engine is judged to be in a cold start state.

[0024] Optionally, after determining the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant, and determining the average inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant, the method further includes:

[0025] When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is greater than the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature difference, the fuel cell engine is controlled to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0026] When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature difference, the fuel cell engine is controlled to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0027] When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is greater than the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature difference, the fuel cell engine is controlled to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0028] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a starting device for a fuel cell engine is provided for performing a starting method for a fuel cell engine, the starting device comprising:

[0029] The hot start module is used to control the fuel cell engine to execute the hot start mode when the ambient temperature is above 0°C during a cold start.

[0030] The temperature rise judgment module is used to obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and intercooler coolant outlet temperature when the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature.

[0031] The load determination module is used to control the fuel cell engine to enter the load mode when the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0032] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement a startup method.

[0033] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a startup method.

[0034] The technical solution of this invention controls the fuel cell engine to execute a warm-up mode when the ambient temperature is above 0°C during cold start-up. This warms up the various components of the fuel cell engine and judges the warm-up effect in real time, ensuring that the temperature conditions of the fuel cell engine quickly reach the target value before rapid load loading. This avoids the failure of liquid water forming and fuel cell stack flooding caused by the increase in current when directly entering the load loading mode. This achieves rapid warm-up while ensuring the normal operation of the fuel cell engine.

[0035] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 is a connection diagram of a fuel cell engine provided by the prior art;

[0038] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a first fuel cell engine start-up method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a second fuel cell engine start-up method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a third fuel cell engine start-up method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a fourth fuel cell engine start-up method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 is a flowchart of a fifth fuel cell engine start-up method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 is a flowchart of a sixth fuel cell engine start-up method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 is a flowchart of a seventh fuel cell engine start-up method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a starting device for a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device structure for a starting method of a fuel cell engine provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0049] Figure 1 is a connection diagram of a fuel cell engine provided by the prior art. As shown in Figure 1, the fuel cell engine may include a fuel cell stack 1, an air compressor 2, an intercooler 3, a water pump 4, a bypass valve 5, a three-way valve 6, a radiator 7, a coolant inlet temperature sensor 8, a coolant outlet temperature sensor 9, and an ambient temperature sensor 10. The air compressor 2 provides stable pressure air to the fuel cell stack 1; the intercooler 3 cools the air entering the fuel cell stack 1; the coolant inlet temperature sensor 8 measures the coolant inlet temperature; the coolant outlet temperature sensor 9 measures the coolant outlet temperature; the ambient temperature sensor 10 measures the ambient temperature; the bypass valve 5 regulates the air flow into the fuel cell stack 1; and the three-way valve 6 regulates the coolant flow into the radiator 7. In the prior art, during cold start-up, the fuel cell engine first runs a small loop (water pump → stack → water pump). As the demand current increases and the temperature rises, the three-way valve 6 is opened to allow cold water to mix into the radiator 7 for initial temperature regulation. When cold water is introduced, it causes temperature fluctuations in the fuel cell stack and its components. Because high-current fuel cell stacks produce more water, the increased circulation water volume through the anode outlet leads to an increase in the liquid water content at the stack inlet, resulting in flooding of the individual cells at the stack inlet. Therefore, this invention provides a method for starting a fuel cell engine. Figure 2 is a flowchart of a first method for starting a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of this invention. As shown in conjunction with Figures 1 and 2, the starting method includes:

[0050] S10. When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with an ambient temperature greater than 0°C, control the fuel cell engine to execute the hot start mode.

[0051] The cold start mode refers to a state where the fuel cell is in a cold start condition even when the ambient temperature is above 0°C. The warm start mode refers to a mode where the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell engine self-heats, thereby rapidly warming up the fuel cell engine.

[0052] S11. When the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature, obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0053] The coolant outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack can be used to measure the thermal performance of the fuel cell engine. The first target temperature can be a preset temperature value.

[0054] Since the intercooler 3 also needs to be preheated in the hot engine mode, when the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature, the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature of the intercooler 3 are obtained. By comparing the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, the effect of preheating the intercooler 3 can be measured.

[0055] S12. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0056] The load-bearing mode is a mode in which the power output of the fuel cell engine rapidly increases within a short period of time. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, it indicates that the preheating of intercooler 3 is complete, so the fuel cell engine is controlled to enter the load-bearing mode at this time.

[0057] Specifically, in the technical solution of this embodiment of the invention, when the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with an ambient temperature higher than 0°C, the fuel cell engine is controlled to execute a hot engine mode to warm up each component in the fuel cell engine and to judge the warm-up effect in real time. When the coolant outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the first target temperature, it is determined whether the coolant inlet temperature of the intercooler is lower than the coolant outlet temperature of the intercooler. If it is lower, it means that the preheating of the intercooler 3 is completed. At this time, the fuel cell engine switches from the hot engine mode to the load mode and operates normally.

[0058] It is understandable that, compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this invention directly enters the load-bearing mode during the cold start-up process, which leads to the formation of liquid water and flooding of the fuel cell stack due to the increase in current. By preheating the fuel cell engine, the temperature conditions of the fuel cell engine have reached the corresponding target value before rapid load-bearing, ensuring the normal operation of the fuel cell engine. At the same time, the thermal state of the components is judged by the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the intercooler coolant, ensuring that the preheating effect is achieved.

[0059] The technical solution of this invention controls the fuel cell engine to execute a warm-up mode when the ambient temperature is above 0°C during cold start-up. This warms up the various components in the fuel cell engine and judges the warm-up effect in real time, ensuring that the temperature conditions of the fuel cell engine quickly reach the target value before rapid load loading. This avoids the failure of liquid water forming and fuel cell stack flooding caused by the increase in current when directly entering the load loading mode. This achieves rapid warm-up while ensuring the normal operation of the fuel cell engine.

[0060] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 3 is a flowchart of a second fuel cell engine start-up method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 3, the start-up method includes:

[0061] S20. When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with an ambient temperature greater than 0°C, acquire the target air compressor speed, the target water pump speed, and the preset three-way valve opening.

[0062] The target air compressor speed can be a preset air compressor speed. When the air compressor 2 operates at the target air compressor speed, a fixed air flow is input to the fuel cell stack, controlling the individual cell voltage in the stack to maintain a constant voltage state. At this time, the stack is in a self-heating state.

[0063] In the thermal mode, the fuel cell stack is in a self-heating state and will generate a lot of heat. At this time, the water pump speed is set to the target water pump speed to achieve rapid circulation heating.

[0064] The target pump speed can be a pre-set fixed value, which is greater than the required pump speed. For example, when the fuel cell stack current is 100A, the required pump speed is 2000rpm. In this case, the target pump speed is set to 3000rpm to achieve rapid heat exchange while ensuring that the temperature difference between the fuel cell stack inlet and outlet coolant during the fuel cell stack self-heating process is within the fuel cell stack's allowable range.

[0065] The preset three-way valve opening can be a pre-set opening angle. During the self-heating process of the fuel cell stack, setting the three-way valve opening to the preset three-way valve opening allows the fuel cell stack to preheat the coolant in the radiator 7 while self-heating, reducing the impact of low-temperature coolant during normal load conditions.

[0066] S21. Control the air compressor to run according to the target air compressor speed, control the water pump to run according to the target water pump speed, and control the three-way valve to open at the corresponding angle according to the preset three-way valve opening degree.

[0067] S22. When the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature, obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0068] S23. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0069] The technical solution of this invention, when the fuel cell engine is in hot engine mode, controls the operation of the air compressor according to the target air compressor speed, controls the operation of the water pump according to the target water pump speed, and controls the opening angle of the three-way valve according to the preset three-way valve opening degree. This allows the fuel cell stack to self-heat and open the three-way valve in hot engine mode, controlling the water pump speed to increase. This enables rapid heating of components such as the fuel cell stack and radiator in hot engine mode, achieving rapid hot engine operation and avoiding flooding of individual fuel cell stack terminals caused by cold water rushing in during cold start-up, thus improving product reliability.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 4 is a flowchart of a third fuel cell engine start-up method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 4, the start-up method includes:

[0071] S30. When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with an ambient temperature greater than 0°C, acquire the target cell voltage, the target water pump speed, and the preset three-way valve opening. The target cell voltage is less than the normal operating cell voltage of the fuel cell engine.

[0072] The target cell voltage can be the voltage of a cell in the fuel cell stack when its thermal efficiency is high but its power generation efficiency is low. Therefore, the target cell voltage must be lower than the normal operating cell voltage of the fuel cell engine. For example, if the normal operating cell voltage is 0.85V, the target cell voltage is usually set to 0.2V to ensure the thermal efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

[0073] S31. Determine the air metering ratio based on the target unit voltage.

[0074] Specifically, the target current is calculated based on the target cell voltage, and the air metering ratio is determined based on the target current. For example, in thermal engine mode, since the target cell voltage is 0.2V, the air metering ratio is reduced to 1 to ensure the heating efficiency of the fuel cell stack, thereby achieving the target cell voltage.

[0075] S32. Determine the target air compressor speed based on the air metering ratio.

[0076] The required air flow rate can be calculated based on the air metering ratio, and the target air compressor speed can be determined based on the required air flow rate, thereby achieving the target unit voltage.

[0077] S33. Control the air compressor to run according to the target air compressor speed, control the water pump to run according to the target water pump speed, and control the three-way valve to open at the corresponding angle according to the preset three-way valve opening degree.

[0078] S34. When the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature, obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0079] S35. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0080] In some embodiments, the target unit voltage can be achieved by controlling the DC / DC converter to a constant voltage load mode and simultaneously setting the target air compressor speed.

[0081] The technical solution of this invention, in hot engine mode, calculates the air metering ratio by setting a small target cell voltage, thereby obtaining the required air flow rate. The target cell voltage is achieved by controlling the air compressor, realizing rapid warm-up in cold engine mode through cathode starvation. This ensures that the fuel cell temperature reaches the target value quickly before rapid load loading, avoiding the failure of stack flooding caused by liquid water formation due to increased current.

[0082] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 5 is a flowchart of a fourth fuel cell engine start-up method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 5, the start-up method includes:

[0083] S40. When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with an ambient temperature greater than 0°C, acquire the target air compressor speed, the target water pump speed, and the preset three-way valve opening.

[0084] S41. When the target air compressor speed is greater than the maximum allowable speed of the air compressor, control the air compressor to run at the maximum allowable speed of the air compressor and increase the opening of the bypass valve. Control the water pump to run according to the target water pump speed and control the three-way valve to open at the corresponding angle according to the preset three-way valve opening.

[0085] The maximum allowable speed of the air compressor is the maximum operating speed of the current air compressor 2. When the target air compressor speed is too high, exceeding the maximum allowable speed, it means that adjusting the air compressor speed alone cannot meet the required air flow. Therefore, the air compressor 2 is controlled to operate at the maximum allowable speed, and the opening of the bypass valve 5 is increased to increase the air flow and ensure that the battery cells in the stack reach the target cell voltage.

[0086] S42. When the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature, obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0087] S43. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0088] It is understood that the preset opening degree of the three-way valve 6 can be calculated based on the current air flow, the maximum allowable speed of the air compressor, and the target air compressor speed. This embodiment of the invention does not limit this.

[0089] The technical solution of this invention ensures the heating efficiency in the hot engine mode by adjusting the air flow through the combination of air compressor 2 and bypass valve 5.

[0090] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 6 is a flowchart of a fifth fuel cell engine start-up method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 6, the start-up method includes:

[0091] S50. When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with an ambient temperature greater than 0°C, control the fuel cell engine to execute the hot start mode.

[0092] S51. When the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature, obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0093] S52. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0094] S53. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is greater than or equal to the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, the fuel cell engine continues to be controlled to execute the thermal engine mode.

[0095] Since the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and intercooler coolant outlet temperature can measure the preheating effect on intercooler 3, when the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is greater than or equal to the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, it indicates that the heating time is short, so the fuel cell engine continues to be controlled to execute the heat engine mode to continue heating.

[0096] S54. When the coolant outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the second target temperature, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode. The second target temperature is greater than the first target temperature.

[0097] In order to avoid excessive heating time, which would affect the start-up time of the fuel cell engine, the fuel cell engine is set to enter the load-bearing mode when the coolant outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the second target temperature.

[0098] Understandably, if the second target temperature is higher than the first target temperature, and the intercooler 3 is judged to be insufficient for heating time, the hot engine mode will continue. When the coolant outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the second target temperature, the system will switch to the load mode and operate normally to ensure the start-up time of the fuel cell engine.

[0099] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 7 is a flowchart of a sixth fuel cell engine start-up method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 7, the start-up method includes:

[0100] S60. Obtain ambient temperature, fuel cell coolant inlet temperature, and fuel cell coolant outlet temperature.

[0101] The ambient temperature, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack coolant, and the outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack coolant can be obtained through the fuel cell engine controller.

[0102] S61. Determine the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant, and determine the average inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant.

[0103] Among them, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack coolant fuel cell stack coolant outlet temperature Temperature difference between fuel cell inlet and outlet Between satisfy .

[0104] Among them, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack coolant and fuel cell coolant outlet temperature Determine the average value of the fuel cell stack inlet and outlet Between satisfy .

[0105] S62. When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature difference, it is determined that the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state.

[0106] Among them, when the ambient temperature This indicates that the fuel cell engine is not in cold start mode at this time. At this point, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack should be assessed. Is it less than or equal to the first preset temperature difference? Determine the average value of the fuel cell stack inlet and outlet and ambient temperature Is the difference less than or equal to the second preset temperature difference? .

[0107] Since the fuel cell engine will slowly cool down from its operating temperature to ambient temperature after each cycle, the determination of whether the condition is met is made at this time. and By judgment and This can determine whether the fuel cell engine has cooled to near or equal to the ambient temperature, i.e., whether the engine has undergone a cold start. When the following conditions are met... and At that time, it is determined that the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state.

[0108] S63. When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state, control the fuel cell engine to execute the hot start mode.

[0109] S64. When the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature, obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0110] S65. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0111] The technical solution of this invention determines whether the engine has entered a hot-engine state by measuring the difference between ambient temperature and coolant temperature, thus avoiding direct entry into the hot-engine state every time the engine starts, reducing startup time, and improving the startup efficiency of the fuel cell engine.

[0112] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 8 is a flowchart of a seventh fuel cell engine start-up method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 8, the start-up method includes:

[0113] S70, obtain ambient temperature, fuel cell coolant inlet temperature and fuel cell coolant outlet temperature.

[0114] S71. Determine the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant, and determine the average inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant.

[0115] S72. When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature difference, it is determined that the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state.

[0116] S73. When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is greater than the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature difference, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0117] S74. When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature difference, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0118] S75. When the ambient temperature is greater than 0℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack is greater than the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average value of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature difference, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0119] Among them, when not satisfied and This indicates that the fuel cell engine has not yet cooled down to near ambient temperature, so this is not a cold start and can directly enter the load-bearing mode.

[0120] Among them, those that do not meet the requirements and The conditions include and , and as well as and .

[0121] S76. When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state, control the fuel cell engine to execute the hot start mode.

[0122] S77. When the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature, obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0123] S78. When the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode.

[0124] The technical solution of this invention determines whether the engine has entered a hot-engine state by measuring the difference between ambient temperature and coolant temperature, thus avoiding direct entry into the hot-engine state every time the engine starts, reducing startup time, and improving the startup efficiency of the fuel cell engine.

[0125] Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a starting device for a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 9, the present invention also provides a starting device for a fuel cell engine, used to execute a starting method for a fuel cell engine. The starting device includes:

[0126] The hot engine start module 100 is used to control the fuel cell engine to execute the hot engine mode when the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with an ambient temperature greater than 0°C.

[0127] The temperature rise judgment module 200 is used to obtain the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature when the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature.

[0128] The load determination module 300 is used to control the fuel cell engine to enter the load mode when the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature.

[0129] Since the fuel cell engine starting device provided in this embodiment includes the fuel cell engine starting method provided in the above embodiment, and has the same or corresponding technical effects as the fuel cell engine starting method, it will not be described in detail here.

[0130] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a computer device. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device structure for a starting method of a fuel cell engine provided according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 10, it includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the starting method of the fuel cell engine.

[0131] The term "electronic device" is intended to refer to various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. Electronic devices can also refer to various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0132] As shown in Figure 10, the electronic device 50 includes at least one processor 51 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 52 and a random access memory (RAM) 53, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 51. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 51 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 52 or loaded into the RAM 53 from storage unit 58. The RAM 53 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 50. The processor 51, ROM 52, and RAM 53 are interconnected via a bus 54. An input / output (I / O) interface 55 is also connected to the bus 54.

[0133] Multiple components in electronic device 50 are connected to I / O interface 55, including: input unit 56, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 57, such as various types of monitors, speakers, etc.; storage unit 58, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 59, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 59 allows electronic device 50 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0134] Processor 51 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 51 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 51 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as those applied to the start-up methods of a fuel cell engine.

[0135] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for starting a fuel cell engine.

[0136] Of course, the computer-readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present invention has computer-executable instructions that are not limited to the method operations described above. It can also execute related operations in the fuel cell engine start-up method provided in any embodiment of the present invention. Referring again to FIG10, it is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 58. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 50 via ROM 52 and / or communication unit 59. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 53 and executed by processor 51, one or more steps of the start-up method for a fuel cell engine described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 51 can be configured to execute the start-up method for a fuel cell engine by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0137] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0138] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0139] In the context of embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0140] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0141] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for starting a fuel cell engine, characterized in that, include: Acquire ambient temperature, fuel cell coolant inlet temperature, and fuel cell coolant outlet temperature; The inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack is determined based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant. The average inlet and outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack is also determined based on these temperatures. When the ambient temperature is greater than 0°C, the inlet and outlet temperature difference is less than or equal to a first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average inlet and outlet temperature and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second preset temperature difference, the fuel cell engine is determined to be in a cold start state. When the fuel cell engine is in a cold start state with the ambient temperature greater than 0°C, the fuel cell engine is controlled to execute a hot start mode. When the fuel cell stack coolant outlet temperature reaches a first target temperature, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the intercooler coolant are acquired. When the intercooler coolant... When the inlet temperature is lower than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, the fuel cell engine is controlled to enter the load-bearing mode; when the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is greater than or equal to the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, the fuel cell engine continues to execute the heat engine mode; controlling the fuel cell engine to execute the heat engine mode includes: acquiring the target air compressor speed, the target water pump speed, and the preset three-way valve opening degree; controlling the air compressor to operate according to the target air compressor speed, controlling the water pump to operate according to the target water pump speed, and controlling the three-way valve to open to the corresponding angle according to the preset three-way valve opening degree; when the stack coolant outlet temperature reaches the second target temperature, the fuel cell engine is controlled to enter the load-bearing mode; wherein, the second target temperature is greater than the first target temperature.

2. The startup method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the target air compressor speed includes: obtaining the target cell voltage; wherein the target cell voltage is less than the normal operating cell voltage of the fuel cell engine; determining the air metering ratio based on the target cell voltage; and determining the target air compressor speed based on the air metering ratio.

3. The startup method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Controlling the operation of the air compressor according to the target air compressor speed includes: when the target air compressor speed is greater than the maximum allowable speed of the air compressor, controlling the air compressor to operate at the maximum allowable speed of the air compressor and increasing the opening of the bypass valve.

4. The startup method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant, and determining the average inlet and outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack based on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack coolant, the method further includes: controlling the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode when the ambient temperature is greater than 0°C, the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack is greater than the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average inlet and outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature difference; controlling the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode when the ambient temperature is greater than 0°C, the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack is less than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average inlet and outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature difference; controlling the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode when the ambient temperature is greater than 0°C, the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell stack is greater than the first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the average inlet and outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature is greater than the second preset temperature difference.

5. A starting device for a fuel cell engine, characterized in that, A starting method for executing a fuel cell engine according to any one of claims 1-4, the starting device comprising: a hot engine starting module, configured to acquire ambient temperature, stack coolant inlet temperature, and stack coolant outlet temperature; determine the stack inlet and outlet temperature difference based on the stack coolant inlet temperature and stack coolant outlet temperature, and determine the stack inlet and outlet average temperature based on the stack coolant inlet temperature and stack coolant outlet temperature; determine that the fuel cell engine is in a cold engine starting state when the ambient temperature is greater than 0°C, the stack inlet and outlet temperature difference is less than or equal to a first preset temperature difference, and the difference between the stack inlet and outlet average temperature and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second preset temperature difference; further configured to control the fuel cell engine to execute a hot engine mode when the fuel cell engine is in a cold engine starting state with the ambient temperature greater than 0°C; and further configured to control the fuel cell engine to execute a hot engine mode when the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature difference. When the intercooler coolant outlet temperature is equal to the intercooler coolant outlet temperature, the fuel cell engine continues to execute the heat engine mode; it is also used to acquire the target air compressor speed, the target water pump speed, and the preset three-way valve opening degree; control the air compressor operation according to the target air compressor speed, control the water pump operation according to the target water pump speed, and control the three-way valve to open at the corresponding angle according to the preset three-way valve opening degree; the temperature rise judgment module is used to acquire the intercooler coolant inlet temperature and the intercooler coolant outlet temperature when the fuel cell stack coolant outlet temperature reaches the first target temperature; the load judgment module is used to control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode when the intercooler coolant inlet temperature is less than the intercooler coolant outlet temperature; it is also used to control the fuel cell engine to enter the load-bearing mode when the fuel cell stack coolant outlet temperature reaches the second target temperature; wherein, the second target temperature is greater than the first target temperature.

6. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the startup method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the startup method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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