Method and apparatus for transmitting / receiving signal in wireless communication system

Abstract

According to at least one of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, a method by which a terminal transmits a sounding reference signal (SRS) in a wireless communication system comprises: receiving configuration information on an SRS for positioning through higher layer signaling; and transmitting the SRS for positioning in a frequency band of each of a plurality of hops on the basis of configuration information including a frequency hopping configuration for the SRS for positioning, the frequency hopping configuration can include i) information on a starting position of each hop and ii) information on a length of each hop in a time domain, and the terminal does not expect that a single hop among a plurality of hops configured based on the frequency hopping configuration is configured beyond a single time slot.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving an uplink / downlink signal in a wireless communication system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Generally, wireless communication systems are developing toward differently covering a wide range to provide communication services such as an audio communication service, a data communication service, etc. A wireless communication is a multiple access system that is capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). For example, the multiple access system can be any one of a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, and a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system. SUMMARY

[0003] TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0004] An object of the disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for more accurately and efficiently transmitting or receiving a signal in a wireless communication system.

[0005] The object of the disclosure is not limited thereto, and other objects can be inferred from the disclosed embodiments.

[0006] TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0007] In one aspect of the disclosure, a method for transmitting a sounding reference signal (SRS) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided herein. The method includes receiving configuration information about an SRS for positioning through higher layer signaling, and transmitting the SRS for positioning in a frequency band of each hop among a plurality of hops based on the configuration information including a frequency hopping configuration for the SRS for positioning. The frequency hopping configuration can include i) information about a starting position of each hop in a time domain and ii) information about a length of each hop in the time domain. The UE can not expect a single hop among the plurality of hops configured based on the frequency hopping configuration to be configured beyond a single slot.

[0008] The UE can not expect any one of the plurality of hops to be configured beyond a single slot duration related to each hop.

[0009] A symbol from a starting symbol of a single hop to a last symbol can be included in a single slot duration.

[0010] In addition, the information about the starting position of each hop can include information about a starting symbol of each hop and information about a slot offset.

[0011] The position of the last symbol of each jump can be obtained by adding the length of each jump to the position of the starting symbol of each jump.

[0012] The frequency hopping configuration may further include at least one of the following: iii) information about the number of multiple hops; iv) information about the starting physical resource block (PRB) of the leading hop in the time domain among the multiple hops in the time domain; v) information about the hop bandwidth; or vi) information about the number of overlapping resource blocks between hops.

[0013] None of the multiple transitions are configured to span multiple time slots.

[0014] The UE can be a second type of UE with reduced capabilities to support a smaller maximum UE bandwidth than the first type of UE.

[0015] Frequency hopping can be performed based on radio frequency (RF) readjustment.

[0016] In another aspect of this disclosure, a processor-readable recording medium having a program recorded thereon for performing the SRS transmission method described above is provided.

[0017] In another aspect of this disclosure, a memory configured to store instructions is provided; and a processor configured to perform operations by executing the instructions. Operation of the processor may include: receiving configuration information regarding a Signal-Responding System (SRS) for positioning via higher-layer signaling; and, based on the configuration information, including a frequency hopping configuration for the SRS for positioning, transmitting the SRS for positioning in the frequency band of each of a plurality of hopping transitions. The frequency hopping configuration may include i) information regarding the start position of each hopping transition in the time domain and ii) information regarding the length of each hopping transition in the time domain. The device may not expect a single hopping transition among the plurality of hopping transitions configured based on the frequency hopping configuration to be configured beyond a single time slot.

[0018] The device may further include a transceiver.

[0019] The device can be a UE operating in a wireless communication system.

[0020] The device may be a processing device configured to control a UE operating in a wireless communication system.

[0021] In another aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided for receiving SRS by at least one base station (BS) in a wireless communication system. The method includes: determining a frequency hopping configuration for SRS used for positioning; transmitting configuration information including the frequency hopping configuration to a UE via higher-layer signaling; and receiving the SRS for positioning from the UE in the frequency band of each of a plurality of hopping transitions based on the configuration information including the frequency hopping configuration. The frequency hopping configuration may include: i) information about the start position of each frequency hopping in the time domain; and ii) information about the length of each frequency hopping in the time domain. Based on the premise that the UE is a second type of UE with reduced capabilities to support a smaller maximum UE bandwidth than a first type of UE, the BS can determine the frequency hopping configuration such that a single transition among the plurality of transitions is not configured to exceed a single timeslot.

[0022] In another aspect of this disclosure, a processor-readable recording medium having a program recorded thereon for performing the SRS transmission method described above is provided.

[0023] In another aspect of this disclosure, a BS for wireless communication is provided. The BS includes: at least one memory configured to store instructions; and at least one processor configured to perform operations by executing the instructions. The processor's operations include: determining a frequency hopping configuration for a Signal-Responding Module (SRS) for positioning; transmitting configuration information including the frequency hopping configuration to a UE via higher-layer signaling; and receiving the SRS for positioning from the UE in the frequency band of each of a plurality of hopping transitions based on the configuration information including the frequency hopping configuration. The frequency hopping configuration may include: i) information about the start position of each frequency hopping in the time domain; and ii) information about the length of each frequency hopping in the time domain. Based on the UE being a second type of UE with reduced capabilities to support a smaller maximum UE bandwidth than a first type of UE, at least one processor is configured to determine the frequency hopping configuration such that a single transition among a plurality of hopping transitions is not configured to exceed a single time slot.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] According to embodiments of this disclosure, signals can be transmitted or received more accurately and efficiently in a wireless communication system.

[0026] The effects of this disclosure are not limited thereto, and other beneficial effects can be inferred from the disclosed embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a physical channel used in a 3GPP system, which serves as an exemplary wireless communication system, and a general signal transmission method using that physical channel.

[0028] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the structure of a radio frame;

[0029] Figure 3 The resource grid for the illustrated time slot;

[0030] Figure 4 An exemplary mapping of physical channels in a time slot is illustrated;

[0031] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates an exemplary Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) reception and acknowledgment / negative acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) transmission process.

[0032] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates an exemplary Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission process.

[0033] Figure 7 The diagram illustrates an example of setting up a location protocol.

[0034] Figure 8 An example of OTDOA is shown in the diagram.

[0035] Figure 9 The illustration shows an example of multiple RTTs.

[0036] Figure 10 The illustration shows the operation of a network node (e.g., a higher node of a user equipment (UE), a location management function (LMF), etc.) according to an embodiment.

[0037] Figure 11 The diagram illustrates the UE operation process for performing positioning measurements.

[0038] Figure 12 The illustrations depict various Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) environments.

[0039] Figure 13 and Figure 14 The illustration shows an example of a 3GPP wireless communication system that supports ISAC.

[0040] Figure 15 The illustration shows an example of multiple probe reference signals (SRSp) transitions for positioning included within a single time slot.

[0041] Figure 16 The illustration shows an example of an SRSp transition based on time slot boundary truncation.

[0042] Figure 17 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources that cross time slot boundaries.

[0043] Figures 18 to 21 The illustration shows an example of SRSp transitions for multiple time slots that do not overlap with time slot boundaries.

[0044] Figure 20The illustration shows an example of SRSp resource mapping reconfigured based on time slot boundaries.

[0045] Figure 21 and Figure 22 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operation for SRSp resources based on time slot boundary truncation.

[0046] Figure 23 and Figure 24 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources that cross time slot boundaries.

[0047] Figure 25 This is a diagram used to explain the operation of the network and user equipment (UE) according to an embodiment.

[0048] Figure 26 The diagram illustrates the flow of the SRS transmission method of the UE according to an embodiment.

[0049] Figure 27 The diagram illustrates the flow of an SRS receiving method for a base station (BS) according to an embodiment.

[0050] Figures 28 to 31 The illustration shows an example of the communication system 1 and wireless device applicable to this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The embodiments disclosed herein are applicable to various radio access technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented as radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented as radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented as radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)), IEEE 802.16 (Global Microwave Access Interoperability (WiMAX)), IEEE 802.20, and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS using E-UTRA (E-UMTS), and LTE-Advanced (A) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE. 3GPP NR (New Radio or New Radio Access Technology) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE / LTE-A.

[0052] As more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity, there is a need for enhanced mobile broadband communications compared to traditional radio access technologies (RATs). Furthermore, the ability to provide various services anytime, anywhere by connecting multiple devices and objects is another important consideration for next-generation communications. Communication system designs considering reliability and latency-sensitive services / UEs are also being discussed. Therefore, the introduction of new radio access technologies that consider enhanced mobile broadband communications (eMBB), massive MTC, and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) is being discussed. In this disclosure, for simplicity, this technology will be referred to as NR (New Radio or New RAT).

[0053] As used herein, the term "base station" can be replaced by terms such as fixed station, Node B, gNode B (gNB), access point (AP), cell, and transmit / receive point (TRP). The term "relay" can be replaced by terms such as relay node (RN) and relay station. The term "terminal" can be replaced by terms such as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber station (MSS), and subscriber station (SS).

[0054] For the sake of brevity, this disclosure primarily describes 3GPP NR, but the technical concepts herein are not limited thereto.

[0055] For background information, definitions of terms and abbreviations related to this disclosure, please refer to the following references.

[0056] - 38.211: Physical Channels and Modulation

[0057] - 38.212: Multiplexing and Channel Compilation

[0058] - 38.213: Physical layer procedures for control

[0059] - 38.214: Physical layer procedures for data

[0060] - 38.215: Physical Layer Measurement

[0061] - 38.300: General Description of NR and NG-RAN

[0062] - 38.304: User Equipment (UE) Procedures in Idle Mode and RRC Inactive State

[0063] - 38.321 Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Specification

[0064] - 38.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Specification

[0065] - 37.213: Introducing Channel Access Procedures for Unlicensed Spectrum Used for NR-Based Access

[0066] - 36.355: LTE positioning protocol

[0067] - 37.355: LTE positioning protocol

[0068] Terminology and Abbreviations

[0069] - 5GC: 5G Core Network

[0070] - 5GS: 5G system

[0071] - AoA: Angle of Arrival

[0072] - AP: Access Point

[0073] - CID: Community ID

[0074] - E-CID: Enhanced Cell ID

[0075] - GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System

[0076] GPS: Global Positioning System

[0077] - LCS: Location Services

[0078] - LMF: Location Management Function

[0079] - LPP: LTE Location Protocol

[0080] - MO-LR: Location Request Initiated by the Mobile Initiator

[0081] - MT-LR: Location Request for Move Termination

[0082] - NRPPa: NR Positioning Protocol A

[0083] - OTDOA: Time Difference of Arrival of Observations

[0084] - PDU: Protocol Data Unit

[0085] - PRS: Positioning Reference Signal

[0086] - RRM: Radio Resource Management

[0087] - RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator

[0088] - RSTD: Reference Signal Time Difference

[0089] - ToA: Arrival Time

[0090] - TP: Transmission Point

[0091] - TRP: Transmitting and Receiving Point

[0092] - UE: User Equipment

[0093] - SS: Search Space

[0094] - CSS: Common Search Space

[0095] - USS: UE-specific search space

[0096] - PDCCH: Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0097] - PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared Channel;

[0098] - PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel;

[0099] - PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel;

[0100] - DCI: Downlink Control Information

[0101] - UCI: Uplink Control Information

[0102] - SI: System Information

[0103] - SIB: System Information Block

[0104] - MIB: Master Information Block

[0105] - RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0106] - DRX: Discontinuous Receiver

[0107] - RNTI: Temporary Identifier for Radio Networks

[0108] - CSI: Channel State Information

[0109] - PCell: Main Cell

[0110] - SCell: Secondary Cell

[0111] - PSCell: Primary SCG (Secondary Cell Group)

[0112] - CA: Carrier Aggregation

[0113] - WUS: Wake-up signal

[0114] - TX: Transmitter

[0115] - RX: Receiver

[0116] - RSTD: Reference Signal Time Difference

[0117] - RS: Reference signal

[0118] - PRS: Positioning Reference Signal

[0119] - SRS: Detection Reference Signal

[0120] In a wireless communication system, a user equipment (UE) receives information from a base station (BS) via a downlink (DL) and transmits information to the BS via an uplink (UL). The information transmitted and received by the BS and UE includes data and various control information, and varies depending on the type / purpose of the information transmitted and received by the UE and BS, encompassing various physical channels.

[0121] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the physical channels used in a 3GPP NR system and the general signal transmission methods employed therein.

[0122] When the UE is powered on again from a power-off state or enters a new cell, in step S101, the UE performs an initial cell search procedure (e.g., establishing synchronization with the BS). For this purpose, the UE receives a synchronization signal block (SSB) from the BS. The SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The UE establishes synchronization with the BS based on the PSS / SSS and obtains information such as the cell identifier (ID). The UE can obtain broadcast information in the cell based on the PBCH. The UE can receive a DL reference signal (RS) during the initial cell search procedure to monitor the DL channel status.

[0123] After the initial cell search, in step S102, the UE can obtain more specific system information by receiving the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and receiving the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) based on the information in the PDCCH.

[0124] In steps S103 to S106, the UE may perform a random access procedure to access the BS. For random access, the UE may send a preamble to the BS on the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) (S103) and receive a response message for the preamble on the PDCCH and the corresponding PDSCH (S104). In the case of contention-based random access, the UE may further perform a contention resolution procedure by sending a PRACH (S105) and receiving the PDCCH and the corresponding PDSCH (S106).

[0125] Following the aforementioned process, the UE can receive the PDCCH / PDSCH (S107) and transmit the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) / Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) (S108), as part of the general downlink / uplink signal transmission process. The control information sent from the UE to the BS is called Uplink Control Information (UCI). UCI includes Hybrid Automatic Repeat and Request Acknowledgment / Nack Acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK / NACK), Scheduling Request (SR), Channel State Information (CSI), etc. CSI includes Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), Rank Indicator (RI), etc. Although UCI is usually transmitted on the PUCCH, it can be transmitted on the PUSCH when control information and service data need to be transmitted simultaneously. Additionally, UCI can be transmitted aperiodically via the PUSCH according to network requests / commands.

[0126] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the radio frame structure. In NR, uplink and downlink transmissions are configured in frames. Each radio frame is 10ms long and is divided into two 5ms half-frames (HF). Each half-frame is further divided into five 1ms subframes (SF). Subframes are divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots in a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Depending on the cyclic prefix (CP), each time slot includes 12 or 14 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. When using a normal CP, each time slot includes 14 OFDM symbols. When using an extended CP, each time slot includes 12 OFDM symbols.

[0127] Table 1 illustrates, for example, how the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe vary according to SCS when using normal CP.

[0128] [Table 1]

[0129]

[0130] * N slot symb Number of symbols in a time slot

[0131] * N frame,u slot Number of time slots in a frame

[0132] * N subframe,u slot Number of time slots in a subframe

[0133] Table 2 shows the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe that vary according to SCS when using extended CP.

[0134] [Table 2]

[0135]

[0136] The frame structure is only an example. The number of subframes, time slots, and symbols in a frame can vary.

[0137] In NR systems, OFDM parameter sets (e.g., SCS) can be configured differently for multiple cells aggregated for a single UE. Therefore, the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., SF, time slots, or TTI) (referred to as time units (TU) for simplicity) consisting of the same number of symbols can be configured differently among the aggregated cells. Here, symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and SC-FDMA symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform-Extended-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0138] Figure 3 The resource grid is shown for time slots. A time slot comprises multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a time slot comprises 14 symbols when using a normal CP. However, when using an extended CP, a time slot comprises 12 symbols. A carrier comprises multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) is defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 12 consecutive subcarriers). A bandwidth portion (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive physical RBs (PRBs) in the frequency domain and corresponds to a single set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., five) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through enabled BWPs, and only one BWP can be enabled for a UE. In the resource grid, individual elements are called resource elements (REs), and a complex symbol can be mapped to individual REs.

[0139] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates an example of mapping physical channels within a time slot. In NR systems, frames are characterized by a self-contained structure, where all DL control channels, DL or UL data, and UL channels can be included in a single time slot. For example, the first N symbols of a time slot can be used to carry DL channels (e.g., PDCCH) (hereinafter referred to as the DL control area), and the last M symbols of the time slot can be used to carry UL channels (e.g., PUCCH) (hereinafter referred to as the UL control area). Each of N and M is an integer equal to or greater than 0. The resource area between the DL control area and the UL control area (hereinafter referred to as the data area) can be used to transmit DL data (e.g., PDSCH) or UL data (e.g., PUSCH). The guard interval (GP) provides a time gap for switching from transmit mode to receive mode or from receive mode to transmit mode. Some symbols in a subframe during the DL to UL handover time can be configured as GP.

[0140] The PDCCH delivers the DCI. For example, the PDCCH (i.e., the DCI) may carry information about the transmission format and resource allocation of the DL-SCH, resource allocation information for the Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH), paging information for the PCH, system information for the DL-SCH, resource allocation information for higher-layer control messages (such as RARs transmitted on the PDCCH), transmit power control commands, information about the activation / release of configured schedules, etc. The DCI includes Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). Depending on the owner or purpose of the PDCCH, the CRC is masked with various identifiers (IDs) (e.g., Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI)). For example, if the PDCCH is used for a specific UE, the CRC is masked by the UE ID (e.g., Cell RNTI (C-RNTI)). If the PDCCH is used for paging messages, the CRC is masked by the Paging RNTI (P-RNTI). If the PDCCH is used for system information (e.g., System Information Block (SIB)), the CRC is masked by the System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI). When PDCCH is used for RAR, CRC is masked by random access RNTI (RA-RNTI).

[0141] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates an exemplary PDSCH reception and ACK / NACK transmission process. (Reference) Figure 5 The UE can detect the PDCCH in time slot #n. This PDCCH includes DL scheduling information (e.g., DCI format 1_0 or DCI format 1_1) and indicates the DL assignment to the PDSCH offset K0 and the PDSCH-HARQ-ACK reporting offset K1. After receiving the PDSCH in time slot #(n+K) according to the scheduling information in time slot #n, the UE can transmit a UCI on the PUCCH in time slot #(n+K1). This UCI can include a HARQ-ACK response to the PDSCH. When the PDSCH is configured to carry at most one TB, the HARQ-ACK response can be configured in one bit. When the PDSCH is configured to carry up to two TBs, the HARQ-ACK response can be configured in two bits if spatial binding is not configured, and in one bit if spatial binding is configured. When time slot #(n+K1) is designated as the timing for HARQ-ACK transmission of multiple PDSCHs, the UCI transmitted in time slot #(n+K1) includes HARQ-ACK responses to multiple PDSCHs.

[0142] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates an exemplary PUSCH transmission process. (Reference) Figure 6The UE can detect the PDCCH in time slot #n. This PDCCH includes DL scheduling information (e.g., DCI format 1_0 or 1_1). Then, based on the scheduling information in time slot #n, the UE can send the PUSCH in time slot #(n+K2). This PUSCH includes the UL-SCH TB.

[0143] RedCap UE

[0144] In recent years, in addition to the main 5G use cases (mMTC, eMBB, and URLLC), the use case domain spanning mMTC and eMBB or mMTC and URLLC has received increasing attention, and therefore, the demand for UEs that efficiently support these use cases in terms of device cost, power consumption, shaping factor, etc., has increased. In this disclosure, a UE for this purpose can be defined as a (NR) Reduced Capability (RedCap) UE / device. In addition to RedCap devices, a general NR UE that supports all or one of the main 5G use cases can be defined as an NR (normal) UE / device or a non-RedCap UE / device. A RedCap UE can be a UE used to intentionally reduce some of the key 5G capabilities (maximum data rate, user experience data rate, experimentation, mobility, connection density, energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency, and regional service efficiency) defined in IMT-2020 to achieve all or part of low device cost / complexity, low power consumption, small shaping factor, etc.

[0145] For convenience, the domains of 5G use cases spanning mMTC and eMBB or mMTC and URLLC are the target use cases for Redcap devices, referred to in this disclosure as Redcap use cases. Redcap use cases can be, for example:

[0146] (1) Internet Industry

[0147] 1) Sensors and actuators can be connected to 5G networks and the core.

[0148] - Includes use cases and requirements for large-scale industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSN).

[0149] - Highly demanding URLLC services and relatively low-cost services requiring small device form factors with several years of battery life.

[0150] - The requirements for the corresponding services are higher than those for Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWA), i.e., LTE-M / NB-IoT, but lower than those for URLCC and eMBB.

[0151] - Devices in these environments include: pressure sensors, humidity sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, accelerometers, actuators, etc.

[0152] 2) Smart City

[0153] - The vertical sectors of smart cities include data collection and processing for more effective monitoring and control of urban resources and for providing services to city residents. In particular, the deployment of surveillance cameras is a crucial part not only in smart cities but also in factories and industrial sites.

[0154] 3) Wearable devices

[0155] Wearable use cases can include smartwatches, rings, electronic health-related devices, and medical monitoring devices. A key characteristic of this use case is the small size of the devices.

[0156] Low-power wireless area (LPWA) UEs (e.g., LTE-M or NB-IoT) may not support Redcap use cases in terms of bit rate, latency, etc., and while NR UEs may functionally support Redcap use cases, they may be inefficient in terms of UE manufacturing cost, form factor, and battery life. Utilizing redcap UEs with characteristics such as low cost, low power consumption, and small form factor to support the above use cases in 5G networks could lead to reduced UE manufacturing and maintenance costs. Redcap use cases can have quite diverse requirements in terms of UE complexity, target bit rate, latency, and power consumption. These Redcap requirements can be divided into (general) requirements that are generally applied to all Redcap use cases and (use case-specific) requirements that are applied only to specific use cases. Some representative general and use case-specific requirements can be defined, as shown in Table 3 below.

[0157] [Table 3]

[0158]

[0159] The above redcap requirements can be met by various features (combinations) provided by the UE and BS, and the following shows examples of features and sub-features supported by the UE / BS to meet the redcap requirements.

[0160] i. Features that reduce complexity:

[0161] - Reduce the number of UE RX / TX antennas

[0162] - UE bandwidth reduced

[0163] - Half-duplex FDD

[0164] - Relaxed UE processing time

[0165] - Relaxed UE processing capabilities

[0166] ii. Energy saving:

[0167] - Reduce PDCCH monitoring by limiting the number of BD and CCE.

[0168] - Extend DRX for RRC inactivity and / or idle

[0169] - Relaxed RRM for fixed equipment

[0170] iii. Overlay recovery / enhancement

[0171] SRS (Sounding Reference Signal)

[0172] The SRS is a UL reference signal transmitted by the UE and received by the BS. Based on the SRS, the BS can perform operations such as link adaptation, DL channel estimation based on channel reciprocity, UL beam management, UL precoding, and / or UL measurement acquisition.

[0173] The UE can receive SRS configuration information (e.g., TS38.331 SRS-Config IE) provided by the BS and determine the parameters for SRS transmission based on this information. The SRS configuration consists of lists of SRS-Resources, SRS-PosResources, SRS-ResourceSets, and SRS-PosResourcesets, where SRS-ResourceSets and SRS-PosResourcesets each contain sets of SRS-Resources and SRS-PosResources, respectively.

[0174] Based on the configuration and transmission methods of time resources, SRS can be classified into three resource types.

[0175] When the resource type is set to periodic, the UE determines the location where the SRS resource configured via RRC is sent based on the configured period and offset, and periodically sends the SRS without separate signaling when configured.

[0176] When the resource type is set to semi-persistent, the UE determines the location where the SRS resource configured via RRC is sent based on the configured period and offset. Then, when the MAC CE activates SRS transmission, the UE begins periodic transmission of the indicated SRS. When the MAC CE deactivates transmission, the UE stops sending SRS.

[0177] When the resource type is set to aperiodic, the UE takes into account the position of the offset configured by RRC relative to the receive timing of the DCI that indicates the triggering of the corresponding SRS resource set when transmitting the indicated SRS.

[0178] Positioning

[0179] Location can refer to determining the geographic location and / or speed of a UE based on measurements of radio signals. Location information can be requested and reported to a client (e.g., an application) associated with the UE. This location information can also be requested by a client within or connected to the core network. The location information can be reported in a standard format, such as one used for cell-based or geographic coordinate-based formats, along with estimation errors of the UE's location and speed and / or the location method used for positioning.

[0180] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating exemplary positioning protocol configurations applicable to locating a UE in various embodiments.

[0181] refer to Figure 7 The LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) can be used as a point-to-point protocol between a location server (E-SMLC and / or SLP and / or LMF) and a target device (UE and / or SET) to locate the target device using location-related measurements obtained from one or more reference resources. The target device and the location server can exchange measurement and / or location information based on signal A and / or signal B via LPP.

[0182] NRPPa can be used for information exchange between reference sources (access nodes and / or BS and / or TP and / or NG-RAN nodes) and location servers.

[0183] The NRPPa protocol can provide the following functions.

[0184] - E-CID location information transmission. This function allows the reference source to exchange location information with the LMF for E-CID positioning purposes.

[0185] - OTDOA Information Transmission. This function allows the reference source to exchange information with the LMF for OTDOA positioning purposes.

[0186] - Reporting of general error conditions. This function allows the reporting of general error conditions for which no function-specific error messages have been defined.

[0187] Supported positioning methods in NG-RAN include GNSS, OTDOA, E-CID, barometric pressure sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, TBS, and uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA). Although any one positioning method can be used for UE positioning, two or more positioning methods can be used.

[0188] OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival)

[0189] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating various embodiments of the observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) localization method applicable;

[0190] The OTDOA positioning method uses time measurements of DL signals received by the UE from multiple TPs, including eNB, ng-eNB, and PRS-only TPs. The UE uses location-aided data received from a location server to measure the time of the received DL signals. The UE's location can be determined based on these measurements and the geographic coordinates of neighboring TPs.

[0191] A UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap to perform OTDOA measurements from a TP. If the UE does not know the SFN of at least one TP in the OTDOA auxiliary data, the UE can use an autonomous gap to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting a measurement gap to perform Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurements.

[0192] Here, RSTD can be defined as the minimum relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from the reference cell and the measurement cell. That is, RSTD can be calculated as the relative time difference between the start time of a subframe received from the measurement cell and the start time of a subframe from the reference cell, which is closest to the subframe received from the measurement cell. The reference cell can be selected by the UE.

[0193] For accurate OTDOA measurement, it is necessary to measure the Time of Arrival (ToA) of signals received from three or more geographically distributed TPs or BSs. For example, the ToA of each of TP 1, TP 2, and TP 3 can be measured, and the RSTD of TP 1 and TP 2, the RSTD of TP 2 and TP 3, and the RSTD of TP 3 and TP 1 can be calculated based on the three ToA values. A geometric hyperbola is determined based on the calculated RSTD values, and the intersection point of the hyperbolas can be estimated as the location of the UE. In this case, each ToA measurement may have accuracy and / or uncertainty, and depending on the measurement uncertainty, the estimated location of the UE may be known as a specific range.

[0194] For example, the RSTD of two TPs can be calculated based on Equation 1 below.

[0195] [Equation 1]

[0196]

[0197] In equation 1, c is the speed of light, {x t , y t} represents the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {x i , y i{x1, y1} are the (known) coordinates of TP, and {x1, y1} are the coordinates of a reference TP (or another TP). Here, (T i -T1) is the transmission time offset between two TPs, called the "real-time difference" (RTD), and n i n1 and n2 are the UE ToA measurement error values.

[0198] E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0199] In the Cell ID (CID) location method, the UE's location can be measured based on the geographic information of the UE's serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

[0200] In addition to the CID positioning method, the E-CID positioning method can also utilize additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources to improve UE location estimation. Although the E-CID positioning method can partially utilize the same measurement methods as the measurement control system on the RRC protocol, it typically does not perform additional measurements solely for UE location measurement. In other words, additional measurement configuration or measurement control messages may not be provided for UE location measurement. The UE does not expect additional measurement operations solely for location measurement to be requested, and the UE can report measurements obtained through normally measurable methods.

[0201] For example, the serving gNB can use E-UTRA measurements provided by the UE to implement the E-CID positioning method.

[0202] The measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning may be as follows.

[0203] UE Measurements: E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), UE E-UTRA Receive (Rx) - Transmit (Tx) Time Difference, GERAN / WLAN Reference Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), UTRAN Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP), and / or UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0204] E-UTRAN Measurement: ng-eNB Rx-Tx Time Difference, Timing Advance (T) ADV ) and / or AoA

[0205] Here, T ADV It can be divided into the following types 1 and 2.

[0206] T ADVType 1 = (ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference) + (UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx time difference)

[0207] T ADV Type 2 = ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference

[0208] AoA can be used to measure the orientation of the UE. AoA is defined as the estimated angle of the UE in a counter-clockwise direction, starting from the eNB / TP. In this case, the geographic reference direction might be north. The eNB / TP can use UL signals such as SRS and / or DMRS for AoA measurement. The accuracy of AoA measurement increases with the arrangement of the antenna array. When the antenna array is arranged at equal intervals, the signals received at adjacent antenna elements may have a constant phase rotation.

[0209] UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival)

[0210] UTDOA is a method for determining the location of a UE by estimating the arrival time of a SRS. When calculating the estimated SRS arrival time, the UE's location can be estimated by using the serving cell as a reference cell and the time difference with another cell (or base station / TP). To implement UTDOA, the E-SMLC can indicate the serving cell of the target UE to instruct the target UE to send SRS. Additionally, the E-SMLC can provide configurations such as periodic / aperiodic SRS, bandwidth, and frequency / group / sequence hopping.

[0211] Multi-RTT (Round Trip Time)

[0212] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating exemplary multiple round-trip time (multiple RTT) positioning methods applicable to various embodiments.

[0213] refer to Figure 9 (a) Illustrate an exemplary RTT procedure in which the initiating device and the responding device perform a ToA measurement, and the responding device provides the ToA measurement to the initiating device for RTT measurement (calculation). The initiating device may be a TRP and / or a UE, and the responding device may be a UE and / or a TRP.

[0214] The initiating device can send an RTT measurement request, and the responding device can receive an RTT measurement request (1301).

[0215] The initiating device can send an RTT measurement signal at t0, and the responding device can acquire the ToA measurement at t1 (1303).

[0216] The responding device can send an RTT measurement signal at t2, and the initiating device can acquire a ToA measurement at t3 (1305).

[0217] The responding device can send information about [t2-t1], and the initiating device can receive this information and calculate the RTT using Equation 2 (1307). This information can be sent and received based on a separate signal or in the RTT measurement signal (1305).

[0218] [Equation 2]

[0219]

[0220] refer to Figure 9 (b) RTT can correspond to a dual-range measurement between two devices. Position estimation can be performed from the corresponding information, and multi-point positioning can be used for position estimation. Based on the measured RTT, d1, d2, and d3 can be determined, and the position of the target device can be determined as the intersection of the circumferences of circles centered on BS1, BS2, and BS3 (or TRP) with radii of d1, d2, and d3, respectively.

[0221] NG-RAN Positioning Architecture and Procedures

[0222] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the location structure of a next-generation (NG) radio access network (RAN). NG RAN can also be referred to as NRRAN or 5G RAN.

[0223] The AMF may receive requests for location services related to a specific target UE from other entities (e.g., a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) or a UE), or the AMF itself may decide to initiate location services on behalf of a specific target UE (e.g., in the case of an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) emergency call). The AMF may then forward the location service request to the LMF. The LMF may process the location service request, which may include sending auxiliary data to the target UE for UE-based and / or UE-assisted location and / or target UE location. The LMF sends the location service results (e.g., UE location estimation) to the AMF. When location services are requested by other entities (e.g., a GMLC or a UE), the AMF sends the location service results to those other entities.

[0224] NG-RAN nodes can control TRP / TP, such as RRM or DL-PRS-only TP, to support PRS-based Terrestrial Beacon Systems (TBS).

[0225] LMF can be connected to an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC) to access Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) information.

[0226] LMF can be connected to the Safe User Plane Location (SUPL) Positioning Platform (SLP), which is responsible for positioning relative to the user plane.

[0227] Figure 11 The illustration shows an example of location services supported in NG-RAN.

[0228] When the UE is in the Connection Management Idle (CM-IDLE) state, if the AMF receives a location service request, the AMF executes a network-triggered service request to configure signaling for the connection to the UE and the allocation of a specific service gNB / ng-eNB. Figure 11 Assume the UE is in connected mode.

[0229] A location service request to the UE can be triggered, and the request to the UE can be one of steps 1101, 1102, and 1103. For example, an entity in a 5GC such as a GMLC can request location services (e.g., location) for a target UE from the serving AMF (1101). Alternatively, the serving AMF can trigger location services for the target UE itself (e.g., to locate the UE for an emergency call) (1102). Furthermore, the UE can request location services (e.g., location or assisted data transmission) from the serving AMF at the NAS level (1103).

[0230] The AMF forwards the location service request to the LMF (1104).

[0231] The LMF provides services in the NG-RAN to obtain location measurements or auxiliary data and initiates a positioning process with neighboring ng-eNBs / gNBs (1105).

[0232] (Instead of step 1105 or in addition to step 1105), the LMF initiates a positioning process with the UE to obtain a location estimate or positioning measurement or to send location assistance data to the UE (1106).

[0233] LMF provides AMF with a location service response (1107) (e.g., success or failure and, if obtained, a location estimate for the UE).

[0234] (In step 1101) the AMF provides a location service response (1108) to the 5GC entity (e.g., for the location estimation of the UE).

[0235] (In step 1102) the AMF supports the service triggered in step 1102 (e.g., providing the GMLC with a location estimate related to the emergency call) based on the location service response (1109) received in step 1107.

[0236] (In step 1103) the AMF provides a location service response (e.g., location estimation for the UE) to the UE (1110).

[0237] SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) for Positioning

[0238] In the Rel. 15 NR system, periodic, non-periodic, and semi-persistent Rel. 15 SRS can be sent for UL relative time of arrival (UL RTOA), UL SRS-RSRP, and UL-AOA measurements at BS, thereby supporting UL TDOA and UL AOA.

[0239] In the Rel. 16 / 17 NR system, periodic, non-periodic, and semi-persistent SRS can be transmitted for gNB Rx-Tx time difference measurements at UL RTOA, UL SRS-RSRP, UL-AOA, and BS, thereby supporting UL TDOA, UL AOA, and multi-RTT.

[0240] Depending on the intended use of the SRS, the RRC parameters are configured differently. For example, for an SRS used for positioning, this configuration is indicated by SRS-PosResources and SRS-PosResourceSet. For an SRS used for other purposes (e.g., Rel.15 SRS), this configuration is indicated by SRS-Resources and SRS-ResourceSet.

[0241] In the following text, to avoid confusion between an SRS used for positioning and an SRS used for other purposes, an SRS used for positioning will be referred to as SRS-p, and an SRS used for other purposes (e.g., beam management) will be referred to as SRS-m. In the new proposals of this disclosure discussed below, unless otherwise stated, an SRS may be interpreted as SRS-p.

[0242] Methods for mapping SRS resources in the time / frequency domain on a resource grid (e.g., Figure 3 The time-slot repetition (SRS-m) is defined in the standard documentation. For SRS-m, intra-slot repetition can be configured, and intra-slot frequency hopping is supported. However, for SRS-p, intra-slot repetition cannot be configured according to the current NR standard (Rel-17), and intra-slot frequency hopping is not supported. For periodic / semi-persistent SRS-m, inter-slot frequency hopping is supported in a periodic manner.

[0243] SRS-p configuration can be provided based on the UE's serving cell (or camped cell), and SRS-p sent by the UE based on the SRS-p configuration can be received by one or more cells (or TRPs) including the serving cell.

[0244] As an example, SRS-p can be configured using the RRC parameters SRS-PosResourceSet and SRS-PosResource as defined in the TS 38.331 standard. Specifically, when the higher-level parameter SRS-PosResource is configured for the SRS (i.e., SRS-p), and the higher-level parameter SpatialRelationInfoPos is configured, an ID for the configuration field of the reference RS is provided. The reference RS can be an SRS configured by the higher-level parameter SRS-Resource or SRS-PosResource, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH block, DL PRS of the serving cell, or DL ​​PRS configured in the SS / PBCH block.

[0245] It is not desirable for the UE to transmit multiple SRS resources with different spatial relationships on the same OFDM symbol.

[0246] If the higher-level parameter SpatialRelationInfoPos is not configured, the UE can use a fixed spatial domain transmission filter or different spatial domain transmission filters to transmit SRS-p configured by the higher-level parameter SRS-PosResource across multiple SRS resources.

[0247] In RRC_CONNECTED mode, the UE transmits SRS-p configured by the higher-layer parameter SRS-PosResource within the active UL BWP.

[0248] For each SRS-p resource, the higher-level parameter SpatialRelationInfoPos provides only one RS source.

[0249] In the case of operation on the same carrier, if SRS-p conflicts with the scheduled PUSCH, SRS-p is discarded on the symbol where the conflict occurred.

[0250] The UE does not expect to configure SRS-PosResource on the carrier of the serving cell using a time slot format consisting of DL / UL symbols that are not configured for PUSCH / PUCCH transmission.

[0251] Depending on the UE's capabilities, SRS-p resources associated with the initial UL BWP can be configured, and in RRC_INACTIVE mode, these SRS-p resources are transmitted within the initial UL BWP using the same CP and SCS configured for the initial UL BWP. Depending on the UE's capabilities, SRS-p resources for positioning can be configured outside the initial BWP in RRC_INACTIVE mode, and the frequency location, bandwidth, SCS, and CP length can be configured for SRS-p transmission. SRS-p resources configured outside the initial BWP in RRC_INACTIVE mode are configured with the same bandwidth and CC as the initial UL BWP.

[0252] ISAC (Integrated Sensing and Communication)

[0253] Various methods for using wireless sensing in recent wireless communication systems have been widely discussed. Generally, conventional radar technology can be considered for wireless sensing purposes. However, there may be limitations associated with radar technology used for sensing, as it is specifically designed for sensing and may not consider the characteristics of communication. Additionally, separate devices may be needed for transmitting and receiving nodes to send and receive signals for wireless sensing. To address these issues, methods for using wireless sensing in wireless communication systems supporting cellular networks such as 5G and / or next-generation 6G are being actively researched. For example, these methods include Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) or Joint Communication and Sensing (JCAS).

[0254] Within the 3GPP standardization framework, research has been initiated to support ISAC in 5G / 6G. According to TR 22.837 published by 3GPP SA1 WG, wireless sensing is defined as a technique that uses radio waves to measure distance, angle, or instantaneous velocity for the purpose of acquiring information about the environment and / or surrounding objects. Scenarios where sensing and communication share the same frequency band and hardware are being considered. Additionally, methods for sharing or reusing radio waves intended for communication (e.g., RS used for communication, such as SSB, DMRS, CSI-RS, and / or SRS) or designing separate radio waves for wireless sensing are also being considered.

[0255] Typically, wireless sensing supported in ISAC involves the process of a signal transmitted from a transmitter being reflected by a target object and received by a receiver. Different sensing modes can be defined depending on the relationship between the transmitter and receiver. Based on whether the transmitter and receiver are matched, a matched transmitter and receiver can be defined as a single static sensing mode, while a mismatched transmitter and receiver can be defined as a dual static sensing mode.

[0256] Figure 12The illustration shows an example of wireless sensing modes supported in ISAC.

[0257] refer to Figure 12 Considering the transmit and receive operations in the 3GPP standard and the nodes involved, the sensing modes can be roughly classified as follows.

[0258] (a) BS single static sensing mode: The BS that transmits radio waves receives the reflected signal.

[0259] (b) BS to BS dual static sensing mode: another BS receives the reflected signal of radio waves sent by a specific BS.

[0260] (c) BS to UE dual static sensing mode: The UE receives the reflected signal of the radio waves sent by the BS.

[0261] (d) UE single static sensing mode: The UE that transmits radio waves receives the reflected signal.

[0262] (e) UE-to-UE dual static sensing mode: another UE receives the reflected signal of a radio wave transmitted by a specific transmitting UE.

[0263] (f) UE to BS dual static sensing mode: The BS receives the reflected signal of the radio waves transmitted by the transmitting UE.

[0264] In addition to the six use cases mentioned above, sensing modes that include multiple transmitting / receiving nodes can be referred to as multi-static sensing modes.

[0265] Applications of wireless sensing via ISAC / JCAS are being considered in various scenarios. Typically, wireless sensing is considered for the purpose of acquiring information about a target without a communication module (or independently of a communication module). For example, the scenarios that can be considered can be broadly divided into three categories.

[0266] (1) Target detection and tracking: This scenario aims to detect target objects or people and track their location information. For example, the following scenarios can be considered: intrusion detection in indoor / outdoor environments, tracking the location of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or automated guided vehicles (AGVs), and supporting autonomous driving.

[0267] (2) Environmental monitoring: This scenario aims to collect information about the surrounding environment of the sending / receiving nodes. For example, scenarios such as rainfall observation and flood detection can be considered.

[0268] (3) Motion monitoring: This scenario aims to detect the movement of a target. For example, it can be used to distinguish between human movement or gestures.

[0269] The required performance metrics and levels for each of the above scenarios may vary and differ from one another. To design an ISAC / JCAS suitable for the required quality of service for each scenario, various key performance requirements need to be considered. In the 3GPP standard TS22.137, the key performance requirements for each service scenario are defined as follows: positioning estimation accuracy, velocity estimation accuracy, reliability (confidence), sensing resolution, false alarm probability, maximum sensing service latency, and refresh rate. The required level for each key performance requirement may vary depending on the service scenario.

[0270] Because radio frequency (RF) sensing does not require a connection to an object via a network device, it can provide object localization services without the need for such devices. The ability to obtain distance, velocity, and angle information from RF signals enables a wider range of new functionalities, such as object sensing, object identification (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), high-precision positioning, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to various industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) to enable applications such as intrusion detection, assisted driving and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic control, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to additionally support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of wireless sensing services, i.e., sensing operations, may rely on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing can offer opportunities to enhance traditional communication systems from communication networks to wireless and sensing networks.

[0271] Figure 13 and Figure 14 The illustration shows an example of ISAC being applied in a 3GPP wireless communication system. Figure 13 and Figure 14 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 13 The illustration shows an example of sensing using a sensor receiver and a sensor transmitter located at the same location (e.g., single static sensing), and Figure 14 The illustration shows an example of sensing using a sensor receiver and a sensor transmitter that are separate from each other (e.g., dual static sensing).

[0272] The proposals discussed below also apply to the aforementioned ISAC environment.

[0273] Frequency Hopping (FH) for SRS for Positioning

[0274] The problems with the prior art related to the matters discussed below, as well as the motivation for the proposed embodiments, will be briefly described below.

[0275] To improve positioning performance in SRSp transmissions of RedCap UEs, frequency hopping is required. RedCap UEs require relatively long handover delays (e.g., radio frequency (RF) retuning) for hopping, and therefore, transmissions are performed over multiple time slots.

[0276] - While the frequency hopping operation of the Position Detection Reference Signal (SRSp) is being performed, the transmission of other UL signals / channels is blocked, resulting in wasted resources. Therefore, to avoid wasting resources, the frequency hopping operation needs to be completed in the shortest possible time.

[0277] In the Rel-17 standard, the transmission of SRSp resources is performed based on time slots. As an example of solving this type of problem, a method for transmitting across time slot boundaries could be proposed.

[0278] 3GPP has implemented standardization and technology development to support not only traditional portable terminals but also a wide range of devices such as MTC / NB-IoT. As one of these technologies, Rel-17 also introduces Reduced Capability (RedCap) NR, which reduces the capabilities of existing NRs to achieve cost-effectiveness, is less sensitive to data rates, and has lower latency requirements. UEs capable of supporting RedCap include wearable devices, industrial wireless sensors, and video surveillance. UEs achieve capability benefits by reducing the supported bandwidth, lowering the maximum number of MIMO layers, modulation orders, and Rx branches supported, and by supporting half-duplex (HD) across all frequency bands.

[0279] The current 3GPP NR Rel-18 standard sets target positioning accuracy requirements for RedCap UEs as follows, and most experiments have shown results that do not yet meet the target requirements in Table 4 below. In the case of RedCap UEs, the maximum supported frequency bandwidth is smaller compared to ordinary UEs supporting existing NR, which may lead to performance degradation in the decoding / detection accuracy of transmitted and received reference signals. Therefore, frequency hopping techniques are being discussed to improve the positioning accuracy of RedCap UEs.

[0280] [Table 4]

[0281]

[0282] As mentioned above, in order for RedCap UEs to perform frequency hopping transmission operations, considering RF realignment for frequency band changes, a handover delay is required between hops, which may increase the total transmission time of SRSp resources. Because the increased resource transmission time limits the transmission of other signals or channels, it is necessary to minimize the resource transmission time using frequency hopping to achieve efficient resource allocation. In the current NR Rel-17 standard, time-slot-based resource allocation of SRSp resources in the time domain is supported.

[0283] In view of these characteristics and problems, this disclosure proposes a time-domain resource allocation method for frequency hopping operation to support improved accuracy performance and efficient resource allocation for RedCap UEs based on UL SRS positioning.

[0284] Although the methods presented in this disclosure focus on UL SRS-based positioning techniques described in 3GPP NR systems, the proposed methods are not limited thereto. They can generally be applied to other positioning techniques capable of measuring UE positioning and various RS. The proposed methods can be applied to all types of transmit / receive schemes and positioning techniques desired by the BS and UE.

[0285] The methods presented in this disclosure can be implemented independently without any combination, or one or more of the methods can be combined and implemented in a related manner. Some terms, symbols, and sequences used herein can be replaced with other terms, symbols, and sequences.

[0286] [Proposal 1] Improved resource mapping for existing SRSp resource mapping and frequency hopping in time domain

[0287] Proposal 1 proposes an efficient time-domain resource allocation method that reduces the time gap between transitions by mapping one or more transitions within a time slot during SRSp resource frequency hopping operations.

[0288] In the current NR Rel-17 standard, time-domain resource allocation for SRSp resources is supported based on time slots, and therefore, improved resource mapping methods that do not consider time slot units can be considered for frequency hopping operations. In the current standard, time-domain resource mapping within time slots for semi-persistent or periodic SRSp resources is performed by indicating the start position and symbol length parameters.

[0289] As an example of improvement, one could consider defining additional resource mapping parameters related to frequency hopping and using combinations of these parameters. Specifically, when frequency hopping is expected from the UE, additional time-domain resource mapping configuration information related to the frequency hopping operation could be indicated, and this configuration information could indicate the inter-hop handover delay (e.g., in symbols) and the number of hops. In this case, the value of the parameter indicating the symbol length in the time-domain resource mapping parameters of the SRSp resources supported by the existing NR Rel-17 standard could be interpreted as the symbol length of one hop.

[0290] Figure 15 The illustration illustrates an example where an SRSp resource consists of a total of five hops (each consisting of two symbols), and a frequency hopping operation is performed across a time slot (FC204) with an inter-hop time gap (FC203) of three symbols, with each block representing a symbol constituting the SRSp resource. As described above, the time-domain start position (FC201) of the frequency hopping operation can be configured using the start position parameter value in the resource mapping configuration of the existing SRSp resource, and the number of symbols per hop can be configured using the symbol parameter value nrof in the resource mapping configuration. When a frequency hopping operation of the UE is desired, the inter-hop time gap (203) can be configured using the handover delay parameter in symbols in the additional time-domain resource mapping configuration information related to the frequency hopping operation. The hop count for the entire frequency hopping operation can be configured using a parameter in the configuration information indicating the number of hops.

[0291] The UE can obtain configuration information related to the time-domain resource mapping of SRSp resources provided by the BS. For example, when the UE is a RedCap UE, it can additionally obtain time-domain resource mapping configuration information related to frequency hopping provided by the BS, and in this case, the UE can expect to perform SRSp resource transmission using frequency hopping. The UE can use the received time-domain resource mapping configuration information related to frequency hopping to perform frequency hopping transmission of SRSp resources. As a specific example, the time-domain start position and symbol number parameters supported in the NR Rel-17 standard, along with the proposed handover delay and hop count parameters, can be used together to define frequency hopping operations in the time domain, which can be expected to operate across time slot boundaries. The UE transmits SRSp resources while performing frequency hopping operations at the SRSp resource transmission time configured / indicated by the received SRSp resource mapping configuration information.

[0292] The BS can provide the UE with configuration information about the SRSp resources indicated by the LMF. For example, when the target UE is a RedCap UE, the BS can additionally send time-domain resource mapping configuration information related to frequency hopping. Then, the BS receives the SRSp resources sent from the UE at the configured / indicated SRSp resource transmission time and at the configured / indicated frequency resource location, combines / aggregates the received hops, performs measurements for positioning, and reports the measurements to the LMF.

[0293] For Proposal 1, the LMF can selectively provide configuration information related to frequency hopping operation via the BS. The LMF receives location-related measurements from the BS using SRSp resources transmitted by the UE. Based on these measurements, the LMF can estimate the UE's location through calculation.

[0294] Proposal 1 reduces the likelihood of collisions with other UL signals or channels by minimizing the time gaps between repetitions ( / hopping) of SRSp resources during frequency hopping, thereby reducing the total time required for frequency operation in the time domain. Additionally, Proposal 1 can improve UL data transmission quality while maintaining positioning accuracy performance.

[0295] [Proposal 2] Resource mapping at time slot boundaries

[0296] Proposal 2 proposes a method for processing at slot boundaries during resource mapping of frequency-hopping SRSp resources.

[0297] As mentioned above, the current NR Rel-17 standard supports the allocation of SRSp resources in the time domain based on time slots. Therefore, since most UE transceivers are also implemented on a time slot basis, it is necessary to ensure that SRSp resource transmissions do not cross time slot boundaries. To this end, the following methods can be considered when performing SRSp resource resource mapping: a method that allocates resources considering time slot boundaries so that resources do not cross time slot boundaries; and a method that, if the SRSp resources allocated through resource mapping cross time slot boundaries, splits the corresponding transitions and repeats the transitions. Each method is described as in Proposals 2-1 and 2-2.

[0298] Proposal 2-1. Repetition allocation based on slot (or sub-slot) boundary (= resource mapping of repetition unit (single hop) in time domain) (Option 1) Starting position according to hop length of symbol

[0299] Proposal 2-1 proposes a method for time-domain resource mapping of SRSp resource hopping, such that a single hopping during SRSp frequency hopping operations does not cross time slot boundaries.

[0300] As a method for performing time-domain resource mapping for SRSp resource hopping to ensure that a single hop does not cross a time slot boundary during SRSp frequency hopping operations, the following can be considered: applying a symbol-level shift in the time domain to hops crossing the boundary based on the symbol length limit start position for each hop, and replicating the hop pattern relative to the boundary based on the time slot. Each is described as Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3.

[0301] (Option 2) Symbol level shift in time domain

[0302] (i) Option 1-1

[0303] According to Proposal 1, when configuring the start position, the number of symbols to be hopped, and the switching delay between hops (e.g., in units of symbols), if the resource mapping is configured by limiting the start position based on the sum of the number of symbols to be hopped and the switching delay between hops (e.g., in units of symbols), it is possible to prevent hops from crossing time slot boundaries during frequency hopping operations of SRSp resources.

[0304] As a concrete example, when the number of symbols in a time slot is N symbol slot Furthermore, the sum of the number of transitions being configured for SRSp resources and the inter-transition switching delay (in symbolic units) is N. symbol hop,total When, if N symbol hop ,total Greater than 1 / 2*N symbol slot (For example, when N) symbol slot = 14 (7), then in the following equation for calculating the time-domain start position l_0 of SRSp resource transmission within a time slot, it is related to l offset The corresponding starting position parameter value can be restricted to N. symbol hop,total Similarly, if N symbol hop,total Less than or equal to 1 / 2 * N symbol slot (For example, when N) symbol slot = 14 (7) and greater than the upper limit [1 / 4 * N] symbol slot (For example, when N) symbol slot (If the value is 14, then the starting position parameter value can be restricted to 2N). symbol hop,total .

[0305] [Equation 3]

[0306] l0=N symbol slot - 1 - l offset

[0307] (ii) Options 1-2

[0308] When option 1-1 is applied, a method of performing time-domain resource mapping by considering sub-slot boundaries instead of slot boundaries can be considered. For example, when N symbol slot When = 14, a virtual sub-slot boundary can be defined between the 7th and 8th symbols within a slot, and option 1-1 can be applied to prevent resources from crossing the boundary.

[0309] In the case of option 1-2, since the number of symbols in a time slot during SRSp resource transmission may be greater than in option 1-1, it may be beneficial in terms of efficient resource allocation.

[0310] (iii) Options 1-3

[0311] According to Proposal 1, when the starting position of the first transition is configured, resource mapping can be performed based on the configuration that takes into account the switching gap (e.g., in symbols) required for RF retuning between adjacent transitions in the time domain and the number of symbols limited for each transition, thereby ensuring that the transition does not cross the time slot boundary during frequency hopping operations of SRSp resources.

[0312] Table 5 shows the starting position of the first transition in the time domain. The starting position of the first transition can be represented by the symbol index within the time slot. For example, Table 5 can be used for the first transition out of five transitions.

[0313] [Table 5]

[0314]

[0315] In Table 5, T gap N represents the switching time. gap symb Indicates the switching interval (unit: symbol), and N hop symb This indicates the number of symbols for each transition.

[0316] Table 5 lists the symbol index values ​​within a time slot for the first transition used to configure the transition not to cross time slot boundaries, based on the number of symbols per transition and the inter-transition switching gap (e.g., in symbols) configured for frequency hopping operation of SRSp. The symbol index values ​​are determined by the number of OFDM symbols (N) within the time slot. symb slotThe example obtained is based on calculating all starting positions of the first transition when the number of symbols for each transition is 14 and transitions are not allowed to cross time slot boundaries, provided the number of symbols for each transition is the same as the inter-transition handover gap in the time domain. Table 5 shows an example with 5 transitions, and the above configuration can be applied to any configurable number of transitions to obtain the gain of multiplexing between UEs. The value of the inter-transition handover gap (e.g., in symbols) can be determined by the UE's capabilities reported from the UE to the BS and by the parameter set of the SRSp (i.e., SCS).

[0317] If the number of symbols between the start and end of two adjacent transitions in the time domain is greater than the number of OFDM symbols in a time slot, in-slot transitions may not be performed. In this case, to save time resources, a method that restricts the start position of the first transition can be used. Alternatively, for the flexibility of resource mapping, the traditional time-slot-based SRS resource mapping method can be applied to configure the start position of each transition in the same way. When applying the traditional time-slot-based resource mapping method, the time interval between transitions should be configured based on the time slot, and the configuration of the time interval can follow Equation 4.

[0318] [Equation 4]

[0319] N slot gap = Floor [(N symb hop + N symb gap ) / (N symb slot – 1)]

[0320] In the equation above, N slot gap N represents the time interval between transitions in the time slot level resource mapping. symb hop N represents the symbol length of each transition. symb gap This indicates the switching gap required for RF readjustment between two adjacent transitions in the time domain, and N symb slot This indicates the number of symbols within a time slot. For example, when the sum of the symbol length of each transition and the switching gap between two adjacent transitions in the time domain is less than the number of symbols in a time slot, the time slot-level time gap between transitions is zero, and transitions can begin from the same starting position in each time slot.

[0321] In the above description, the proposed methods are explained primarily with examples of all cases for the symbol length of each transition in Table 5, but these methods are not limited thereto, and they can be applied to the symbol length of SRS resources supported in the current Rel-17 standard, as shown in Table 6.

[0322] Table 6 shows the starting position of the first transition in the time domain. The starting position of the first transition can be represented by a symbol index within the time slot. For example, Table 6 can be used for the first transition out of five transitions.

[0323] [Table 6]

[0324]

[0325] In Table 6, T gap N represents the switching time. gap symb Indicates the switching interval (unit: symbol), and N hop symb This indicates the number of symbols for each transition.

[0326] Options 1-3 can be applied to all cases where the hopping does not cross time slot boundaries during frequency hopping, which provides an advantage in terms of BS scheduling flexibility.

[0327] In options 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, the hopping pattern, time resources, and frequency resources of the BS scheduling can remain unchanged and can be used regardless of time slot boundaries, which provides an advantage in efficient resource allocation. It also preserves the UE multiplexing gain achieved by the BS through scheduling.

[0328] Figure 16

[0329] According to Proposal 1, when configuring the start position, the number of symbols in the transition, and the inter-transition switching delay (e.g., in symbols), if a transition crosses a time slot boundary, a resource mapping can be configured such that the time domain position of subsequent transitions, including the transition, is shifted at the symbol level, so that the start position of the transition is located at the boundary. Therefore, during frequency hopping operations of SRSp resources, frequency hopping across time slot boundaries can be prevented.

[0330] Figure 16 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources that cross time slot boundaries. (Option 3) Repetition hopping pattern based on slotThe following diagram illustrates a scenario where an SRSp resource consists of five transitions, each consisting of four symbols, and frequency hopping is performed across a time slot (FC303) using a time gap between transitions of one symbol (FC302). Each block represents a symbol constituting the SRSp resource. FC301 represents a transition crossing a time slot boundary (FC304). The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition operations of the UE.

[0331] As a specific example of Option 2, when the third transition (FC301) of an SRSp resource crosses a slot boundary, the resource mapping can be reconfigured by delaying the third, fourth, and fifth transitions by three symbols so that the starting position of the transition is at the boundary.

[0332] Figure 17

[0333] (i) Option 3-1

[0334] When a transition occurs across a time slot boundary, a time-domain resource mapping can be configured so that the transition pattern of the previous time slot is repeated in the next time slot. Therefore, during frequency hopping operations of SRSp resources, it is possible to prevent transitions from overlapping with time slot boundaries.

[0335] Figure 17 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources that cross time slot boundaries. Figure 18 The following diagram illustrates a scenario where an SRSp resource consists of 5 transitions, each consisting of 4 symbols, and frequency hopping is performed across a time slot (FC313) using a 1-symbol (FC312) inter-transition time gap. Each block represents a symbol constituting the SRSp resource. FC311 represents a transition crossing a time slot boundary (FC314). The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0336] As a specific example of option 3-1, when the third hop (FC311) of an SRSp resource crosses a time slot boundary, the hop pattern can be configured by reconfiguring the configuration values: the time-domain start position of the previous hop relative to the FC311 hop and the number of symbols for each hop, for subsequent hops including the FC311 hop. In this case, the frequency-domain start physical resource block (PRB), bandwidth, and comb pattern configuration values ​​for subsequent frequency hops including the FC311 hop can be maintained.

[0337] (ii) Option 3-2

[0338] Even when no transitions crossing time slot boundaries occur, it can be configured to perform time-domain resource mapping by repeating the frequency hopping pattern of the previous time slot in the next time slot. Therefore, during frequency hopping operations of SRSp resources, it is possible to prevent transitions from overlapping with time slot boundaries.

[0339] Figure 18 The diagram illustrates an example of frequency hopping operation of SRSp resources, which does not cross the time slot boundary (FC324), but extends beyond the time slot boundary (FC324). Proposal 2-1-1. Method to guarantee switching time between hops when repetition allocation is based on (sub)slot boundary The following diagram illustrates a scenario where an SRSp resource consists of five transitions, each transition comprising three symbols, and frequency hopping is performed across a time slot (FC323) using a time gap between transitions of two symbols (FC322). Each block represents the symbols constituting the SRSp resource. The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0340] As a specific example of option 3-2, for transitions extending beyond the time slot boundaries, the transition pattern can be configured by reconfiguring the configuration values: the time-domain start position of the previous transition and the number of symbols for each transition. In this case, the frequency-domain starting PRB, bandwidth, and comb pattern configuration values ​​for these transitions can be maintained.

[0341] In option 3-2, the relationship between time slots and SRSp resources in the time / frequency domain can be maintained, which can provide a gain for UE multiplexing.

[0342] The UE can obtain SRSp resource configuration information related to time-domain resource mapping from the BS, ensuring that resources do not cross time slot boundaries. Based on the configuration information, the UE can perform frequency hopping transmission operations for SRSp resources according to Proposal 1. The SRSp resource configuration information may include: i) the starting position of each hop in the time domain (e.g., starting time slot offset, starting symbol within the time slot); ii) the length of each hop (e.g., the number of symbols included in each hop); and iii) information about the number of hops. Additionally, the SRSp resource configuration information may further include: iv) the starting PRB of the first hop in the time domain; v) information about the bandwidth of the hop. Additionally (optionally), the SRSp resource configuration information may further include: vi) information about the number of overlapping RBs between hops.

[0343] The UE may not expect to perform time-domain resource mapping for SRP transitions such that a single transition crosses a slot boundary during an SRP transition. In other words, the UE may not expect any single transition to be configured to cross a slot boundary. In other words, the time resources for a transition should be completely contained within a slot. Within a slot, the time resources for each transition are determined by i) the start symbol of each transition (included in the start position information of each transition) and ii) the length of each transition (the number of symbols), and therefore need to be configured such that the combination of i) the start position of each transition and ii) the length of each transition does not cross a slot boundary. That is, the last symbol of a transition does not exceed the duration of the slot (or the last symbol of the slot). Here, the last symbol of a transition is the sum of i) the start symbol of the transition and ii) the length of the transition, and therefore should satisfy the relationship "i) the start symbol of the transition + ii) the length of the transition ≤ the slot length". In other words, the UE does not expect any single transition to be configured such that "i) the start symbol of the transition + ii) the length of the transition > the slot length".

[0344] When frequency hopping is performed using the resource mapping described above, there is no situation where at least one hop of the SRSp resource does not cross the time slot boundary, which can provide advantages in terms of UE implementation complexity and positioning accuracy performance.

[0345] For some signals, such as in the case of PUSCH repetition transmission, if one of the multiple PUSCH repetitions overlaps with a slot boundary, then a PUSCH repetition is split into two actual Tx repetitions relative to the boundary between slots, and these two split actual Tx repetitions can be transmitted separately in different slots. However, actual Tx repetitions with a split size of one symbol are discarded.

[0346] Unlike PUSCH, because SRSp resources consist of a single sequence, splitting SRSp across time slots, similar to PUSCH, may fail to maintain the single-sequence characteristic of SRSp, potentially leading to degradation in positioning performance. To address this issue, a method is proposed to preemptively prevent a transition of SRSp from extending across multiple time slots.

[0347] (Option 1) Time domain resource mapping considering starting gap within slot Figure 19

[0348] When performing time-domain resource mapping on the hopping of SRSp resources so that a single hopping does not overlap with the time slot boundary during the frequency hopping operation of SRSp resources, a method is proposed to guarantee the handover time between hoppings.

[0349] As a method to ensure that the switching time between transitions does not overlap with the time slot boundary during frequency hopping operations of the SRP resource when performing time-domain resource mapping on transitions of SRP resources, the following methods can be proposed: a method that considers the time gap within the time slot between the first transition and the time slot boundary adjacent to that transition (hereinafter, "starting gap"), a method that considers the sum of the time gaps within the time slot, and a method that discards transitions or symbols adjacent to the time slot boundary. Each method is described as Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3.

[0350] Figure 19

[0351] When performing time-domain resource mapping considering the above-mentioned time slot boundaries, situations may arise where the inter-switch handover time is not guaranteed due to the reconfiguration of the predefined transition pattern. Therefore, considering the time gap within the time slot between the first transition and the adjacent time slot boundary (i.e., the start gap), the time-domain starting position of the first transition can be limited to ensure the inter-switch handover time. In other words, the time-domain starting position of the first transition can be limited so that the time gap between the starting time slot boundary and the first transition (i.e., the start gap) is not less than the inter-switch handover time value required according to the UE's capabilities.

[0352] Figure 20 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operation for an SRSp resource that does not cross the slot boundary (FC724) but extends beyond the slot boundary. Figure 20 The following diagram illustrates an SRSp resource consisting of a total of five transitions, each transition consisting of three symbols, and frequency hopping operations are performed across a time slot (FC723) with a two-symbol (FC722) inter-transition handover time. Each block represents the symbols constituting the SRSp resource. The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0353] Figure 19 The diagram illustrates an example of frequency hopping operation for an SRSp resource, where the time-domain resource mapping is reconfigured according to option 1. An SRSp resource is configured to consist of a total of five hops, each consisting of three symbols. Figure 20 An example of frequency hopping operation is shown, where the start position of the first hop (FC725) is set to a value less than the handover time, and the start position of the first hop is reconfigured to the second symbol. Each block represents a symbol constituting an SRSp resource. The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0354] [Example A-1] - Adaptive Transmission of UE

[0355] As a specific example, when in Figure 19When the switching time (FC722) is set to two symbols, the time interval between the start boundary of the time slot and the first transition is one symbol, and therefore less than the switching time. Therefore, to guarantee the switching time between transitions, the starting position of the first transition can also be restricted to after the second symbol. When performing time-domain resource mapping according to option 3-2 of proposal 2-1, as... Figure 20 As shown, the UE adaptively resets the starting position (FC925) of the first transition to the second symbol, and then performs transmission by replicating the frequency hopping pattern based on the time slot, thereby ensuring the inter-transition handover time between the last transition of the previous time slot and the first transition of the subsequent time slot.

[0356] [Example A-2] - Base Station Configuration

[0357] As another concrete example, when in (Option 2) Resource mapping considering sum of starting gap and ending gap within slot in time domain When the switching time (FC722) is set to two symbols, the time interval between the starting time slot boundary and the first transition is one symbol, and therefore less than the switching time. Therefore, to guarantee the inter-transition switching time, the BS can restrict the starting position of the first transition to be assigned after the second symbol. If the BS assigns the starting position of the first transition to the second symbol and provides the configuration information to the UE, the UE can, according to option 3-2 of proposal 2-1, guarantee the inter-transition switching time between the last transition of the previous time slot and the first transition of the subsequent time slot by replicating the frequency hopping pattern, based on the time slot and the configuration information. Figure 21 As shown in the image.

[0358] In Option 1, when domain resources are reconfigured, the UE can guarantee the required inter-switch time with low computational complexity.

[0359] Figure 21

[0360] When performing time-domain resource mapping considering the time slot boundaries as described above, situations may arise where the handover time between hops cannot be guaranteed due to the reconfiguration of the predefined frequency hopping pattern. To address this, the sum of the start and end gaps within a time slot can be considered to constrain resource mapping, thereby ensuring the handover time between hops.

[0361] [Example A] The starting position of the first transition can be restricted such that the sum of the starting gap within the time slot and the time gap within the time slot between the last transition and the time slot boundary adjacent to the transition (hereinafter, "end gap") is not less than the value of the inter-transition handover time required according to the UE capability.

[0362] Figure 21 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operation for an SRSp resource that does not cross the time slot boundary (FE124) but extends beyond the time slot boundary. (Option 3) Discard hop or symbol adjacent to slot boundaryThe following scenario illustrates an SRSp resource consisting of a total of five transitions, each transition consisting of two symbols, and frequency hopping operations are performed across a time slot (FE123) with a three-symbol inter-transition handover time (FE122). Each block represents the symbols constituting the SRSp resource. The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0363] exist Figure 22 In the process, when the switching time (FE122) is set to three symbols, since the start gap (FE125) and the end gap (FE126) are both one symbol and the sum of the two gaps is less than the switching time, the starting position (FE125) of the first transition can be restricted to ensure the switching time between transitions.

[0364] [Example A-1] - Adaptive Transmission of UE

[0365] As a specific example, when performing time-domain resource mapping according to option 3 of proposal 2-1, the UE adaptively resets the starting position of the first transition to the third symbol, and then performs transmission by replicating the frequency hopping pattern based on the time slot according to option 3-1 for transitions after the transition crossing the time slot boundary (FE121). Therefore, the handover time between the last transition of the previous time slot and the first transition of the subsequent time slot can be guaranteed.

[0366] [Example A-2] - BS Configuration

[0367] As another example, when the BS maps SRSp resources, to ensure handover gaps, the BS can be restricted to mapping the start position of the first transition to after the third symbol. The BS can also ensure handover gaps by setting the time-domain start position to the fourth symbol and providing that time-domain start position to the UE.

[0368] [Example B] The number of symbols in the SRSp resource can be limited so that the sum of the number of SRS transmission symbols between transition time slots and within a time slot does not exceed N. symb slot In other words, the number of symbols for SRSp resources can be limited to satisfy Equation 5.

[0369] [Equation 5]

[0370]

[0371] In equation 5, T gap begin T represents the time gap (i.e., the start gap) within the time slot between the first transition and the time slot boundary adjacent to that transition. gap endT represents the time gap (i.e., the end gap) within the time slot between the last transition and the time slot boundary adjacent to that transition. gap hop N represents the time interval between SRSp resource transitions within a time slot. symb Slot N represents the number of symbols in a time slot. symb SRS N represents the number of symbols allocated to the SRSp resource for transmission. hop N represents the number of jumps in the SRSp resource configuration. hop Slot,i This represents the number of transitions allocated in the i-th time slot, and T switch This indicates the handover time required between adjacent transitions, depending on the UE's capabilities.

[0372] Option 2 can minimize wasted time resources during time-domain resource mapping for frequency hopping of SRSp resources while ensuring the required inter-hop switching time.

[0373] For example, the UE can obtain configuration information for SRSp resources provided by the BS. Based on the resource mapping information in this information, the UE can expect the transmission of SRSp resources. In this case, if the indicated resource mapping crosses a time slot boundary, the UE may expect to reconfigure the resource mapping according to Proposal 2-1 or other methods. If the handover interval cannot be guaranteed, the UE may expect to reconfigure the resource mapping according to the proposed method. Subsequently, the UE can transmit the SRSp resources at the reconfigured SRSp resource transmission time, at the location of the configured / indicated frequency resources.

[0374] For example, the BS can provide the UE with configuration information for the SRSp resources based on the configuration information related to the SRSp resources in the location information request message from the LMF. If the resource mapping within the provided information crosses a time slot boundary, the BS can expect the UE to reconfigure the resource mapping according to Proposal 2-1 or other methods. If the handover interval cannot be guaranteed, the BS can expect the UE to reconfigure the resource mapping according to the proposed method, or perform configuration under the constraints of the proposed method. Subsequently, the BS can receive the SRSp resources sent from the UE at the location of the configured / indicated frequency resources during the transmission time of the SRSp resources to be reconfigured, combine / aggregate the received transitions, perform measurements for positioning, and report the measurements to the LMF.

[0375] For example, the LMF can request configuration information for SRSp resources from the BS, and can also receive configuration information for the SRSp resources actually configured by the BS from the BS. The LMF receives location-related measurements from the BS using the SRSp resources sent by the UE. Based on these measurements, the LMF can estimate the UE's location through calculations.

[0376] When using the proposed method, a time-domain resource mapping method can be used to ensure the required switching time between adjacent transitions to prevent transitions from overlapping with time slot boundaries during frequency hopping operations.

[0377] The solution to the problem arising when reconfiguring time-domain resource mapping due to overlap with time slot boundaries has been described above. However, the proposed method is not limited to this and can generally be applied to other problems that arise during resource mapping of reference signals.

[0378] Figure 22

[0379] When performing time-domain resource mapping considering time slot boundaries, situations may arise where the switching time between transitions cannot be guaranteed due to the reconfiguration of predefined transition patterns. To address this, the switching time between transitions can be ensured by discarding transitions or symbols adjacent to the time slot boundary.

[0380] Figure 22 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operation of SRSp resources, which does not cross the slot boundary (FE101), but extends beyond the slot boundary. Proposal 2-2: Split and repetition at slot boundary (= resource mapping of (all hops) at resource unit level) The following diagram illustrates an SRSp resource consisting of a total of five transitions, each transition comprising three symbols, and frequency hopping operations are performed across time slots using a time gap between the transitions of two symbols (FE105). Each block represents the symbols constituting the SRSp resource. The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0381] As a concrete example, when performing time-domain resource mapping according to option 3-2 of proposal 2-1, it is possible to discard based on jumps and (Option 1) Method without separate handling (manipulation) for symbols overlapping with slot boundary The handover time is guaranteed by discarding either the transition before (FE103) or the subsequent transition (FE104) to the time slot boundary corresponding to FE101. In this case, the increased complexity and power consumption of the UE due to frequent RF retuning for discards can be minimized. As another example, when performing time-domain resource mapping according to option 3-2 of proposal 2-1, the last symbol (FE103) of the transition before (FE103) or the first symbol (FE104) of the subsequent transition corresponding to FE101 can be discarded, thereby guaranteeing the handover time. In this case, it may be possible to minimize the reduction in positioning accuracy performance due to discards.

[0382] For example, because additional time-domain resources need to be allocated for frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources, there can be advantages in reducing time resource overhead while ensuring data transmission and reception.

[0383] Figure 16

[0384] In Proposal 2-2, an operational method is proposed for the following situation: during SRSp frequency hopping, at least one transition of an SRSp resource crosses a time slot boundary, wherein time-domain resource mapping is performed without considering the time slot boundary. In this case, the following methods can be considered: a method that does not perform specific processing on the time slot boundary, a method that splits the resource into actual repeats at the time slot boundary, or a method that discards the split repeats. Each method is described as Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3.

[0385] Figure 16

[0386] (Option 2) Method to split into actual repetitions at slot boundary The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources that cross time slot boundaries. Figure 23 The following scenario illustrates an SRSp resource consisting of a total of 5 transitions, each consisting of 4 symbols, and frequency hopping operations are performed across time slots (FC303) using a time gap between transitions of one symbol (FC302). Each block represents a symbol constituting the SRSp resource. FC301 represents a transition crossing a time slot boundary (FC304). The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0387] Another approach is to avoid performing separate processing on transitions crossing time slot boundaries. As a specific example, in Figure S3, for the third transition (FC301) crossing a time slot boundary (FC304), the UE can simply transmit r_3(0), r_3(1), and r_3(2) of the four sequences r_3(0), r_3(1), r_3(2), and r_3(3) generated for the four symbols. For the fourth symbol, the UE can transmit the previously generated sequence r_3(3) in the next time slot.

[0388] In option 1, when the SRSp burst (jump) sequence is the same for each SRSp, the UE does not need to perform any additional operations, and therefore, there may be advantages in UE implementation.

[0389] Figure 23

[0390] Figure 4 The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources that cross time slot boundaries. (Option 3) Split and partial discard at slot boundaryThe following scenario illustrates an SRSp resource consisting of a total of five transitions, each consisting of four symbols, and frequency hopping operations are performed across time slots (FC403) using a time gap between transitions of one symbol (FC402). Each block represents a symbol constituting the SRSp resource. FC401 represents a transition crossing a time slot boundary (FC404). The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0391] In the case of transitions crossing time slot boundaries, a method can be considered to split the transition into two actual repetitions relative to the time slot boundary. Symbols belonging to the time slot before the time slot boundary can be transmitted using the sequence generated by each symbol, and symbols belonging to the time slot after the time slot boundary can be transmitted after generating a new sequence starting from the symbol closest to the time slot boundary. As a concrete example, in Figure 24 In the context of the third transition (FC401) that crosses the time slot boundary (FC404), the UE can transmit only r_3(0), r_3(1), and r_3(2) of the four sequences r_3(0), r_3(1), r_3(2), and r_3(3) generated for the four symbols. For the fourth symbol, the UE can transmit the newly generated sequence r_3(0)' in the next time slot.

[0392] In option 2, there may be advantages in UE implementation when the sequence is generated differently for each SRSp burst (jump), since there is no need to store the sequence generated in the previous time slot until the next time slot.

[0393] Figure 24

[0394] [Proposal 3] Handling of collision with DL slot in TDD environment The illustration shows an example of frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources that cross time slot boundaries. (Case 1) Not allow SRSp resource to cross slot boundary for resource mapping The following scenario illustrates an SRSp resource consisting of a total of 5 transitions, each consisting of 4 symbols, and frequency hopping operations are performed across time slots (FC503) using a time gap between transitions of one symbol (FC502). Each block represents a symbol constituting the SRSp resource. FC401 represents a transition crossing a time slot boundary (FC504). The different shading patterns of the blocks represent the actual repetition by the UE.

[0395] In the case of transitions that cross time slot boundaries, a method can be considered that involves splitting the transition relative to the time slot boundary and discarding the split transition, according to the following rule options.

[0396] (i) Rule Option 1: Considering positioning accuracy performance, a rule can be configured to discard fewer symbols among those corresponding to the time slots before and after the time slot boundary.

[0397] (ii) Rule Option 2: Considering the complexity of UE implementation, rules can be configured to discard symbols in time slots after the time slot boundary.

[0398] For example, the UE can obtain SRSp resource configuration information provided by the BS. When multiple SRSp resource symbols are transmitted according to the resource mapping for frequency hopping operations of SRSp resources, if the SRSp transmission symbols overlap with the time slot boundary, the transmission of these symbols can be omitted and they can be discarded according to the rules and options mentioned above.

[0399] When using the proposed method and performing frequency hopping operations on SRSp resources across multiple time slots, flexibility can be ensured in the time-domain resource mapping of SRSp resources.

[0400] (Option 1) Discard repetition

[0401] In Proposal 3, a method for handling remaining symbols is proposed when, in a TDD environment, transmission within the UL time slot configured / indicated for SRS frequency hopping is not completed and the DL time slot follows. Based on the resource mapping methods proposed in Proposals 2-1 and 2-2 above, the proposed method is described as Case 1 and Case 2.

[0402] (Option 2) Continue transmission of remaining repetitions in next UL slot

[0403] In a TDD environment, when a transmission is not completed within the UL time slot configured / indicated for SRS frequency hopping and the DL time slot follows, the following methods can be considered to handle the remaining duplication: continuing to transmit the remaining symbols in subsequent UL time slots, and discarding the remaining symbols. Each method is described as Option 1 and Option 2.

[0404] (Case 2) Allow SRSp resource to cross slot boundary for resource mapping

[0405] If the UE does not complete the frequency hopping operation within consecutive UL time slots configured / indicated for the SRSp resource, the remaining hopping (repeated) transmissions may not be expected.

[0406] (Option 1) Discard remaining symbol and repetition

[0407] If the UE does not complete the frequency hopping operation within the UL slot configured / indicated for the SRSp resource, the remaining hopping (repeated) retransmissions can be expected in the UL slot allocated after the DL slot.

[0408] (Option 2) Continue transmission of remaining symbol and repetition in next UL slot

[0409] In a TDD environment, when a transmission is not completed within the UL time slot configured / indicated for SRS frequency hopping and a DL time slot follows, the following methods can be considered for handling remaining symbols and duplicates: continuing to transmit the remaining symbols and duplicates in subsequent UL time slots, and discarding the remaining symbols and duplicates. Each method is described as Option 1 and Option 2.

[0410] [Proposal 4] Direct indication of switching of frequency hopping configuration via RRC

[0411] If the UE does not complete the frequency hopping operation within consecutive UL time slots configured / indicated for the SRSp resource, transmission may not be expected for symbols after the boundary in repetitions that cross the time slot boundary between the UL and DL time slots, as well as for any other remaining hops (repetitions).

[0412] [Proposal 5] Method to switch frequency hopping configuration in association with active BWP

[0413] If the UE does not complete frequency hopping within consecutive UL time slots configured / indicated for the SRP resource, retransmissions of symbols following the boundary of the repetition across the time slot boundary between the UL and DL time slots, as well as any other remaining hops (repetitions), can be expected in UL time slots allocated after the DL time slot. When retransmissions are performed in subsequently allocated UL time slots, the method of transmitting symbols corresponding to the portion following the boundary of the repetition across the time slot boundary can be divided into a method of generating a sequence following the previous time slot and a method of generating and transmitting a new sequence for the corresponding time slot, according to the methods of options 1 and 2 of Proposal 2-2.

[0414] Next, a method will be described for assigning IDs to RRC configuration information related to frequency hopping and configuring / indicating IDs for frequency hopping operations of SRSp resources.

[0415] • Specification of configuration related to frequency hopping

[0416] Proposal 4 proposes a method in which frequency hopping-related RRC configuration information is assigned as an ID to configure frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources, and when a switch to a frequency hopping configuration is required, the ID of the frequency hopping configuration to which the switch should be made is directly indicated.

[0417] ● Configuration requirements related to frequency hopping

[0418] A frequency hopping configuration ID parameter can be additionally defined in the RRC configuration of the SRP resource to indicate the ID of the frequency hopping configuration set pre-configured via RRC. During the transmission of the SRP resource, frequency hopping operations can be performed using configuration information corresponding to the frequency hopping configuration set ID. For example, the FHconfig-ID parameter can be additionally defined as an option in the freqHopping-r16 field of the SRS-PosResource-16 IE containing the RRC configuration information of the SRP resource. When frequency hopping is required for the SRP resource, the ID of the frequency hopping configuration information can be indicated via the FHconfig-ID parameter. The UE can perform frequency hopping operations for the SRP resource using the configuration information corresponding to the indicated ID from the pre-configured frequency hopping configuration information defined by the newly defined FHconfig IE.

[0419] ● Configuration related to frequency hopping

[0420] Configuration information related to frequency hopping may include: frequency hopping pattern information, which includes the number of hops, hop bandwidth, time interval between hops, number of symbols per hop, and overlapping RBs; and the ID of the configuration information. To reduce parameter overhead, the number of symbols per hop and hop bandwidth can be configured using existing SRSp resource configuration information without a separate RRC parameter. For example, fields for the number of hops, hop bandwidth, time interval between hops, number of symbols per hop, and overlapping RBs can be added to the FHconfig IE to allow configuration of each value, and the hop bandwidth, number of symbols per hop, and overlapping RBs can be configured optionally. If the optional parameters are not configured, the number of symbols per hop can be configured to follow the number of symbols in the SRSp resource, the hop bandwidth can be set to the value obtained by equally dividing the bandwidth of the SRSp resource by the number of hops, and overlapping RBs can be left unconfigured.

[0421] ● SRSp resource frequency hopping transmission

[0422] If the UE is configured / indicated with the proposed frequency hopping-related configuration components from the BS according to the proposed configuration / indication method, the UE can perform frequency hopping operations in conjunction with the configuration information of the SRSp resources obtained from the BS. During the frequency hopping operation of the SRSp resources, the starting position in the frequency domain follows the information within the configuration of the SRSp resources associated with the active BWP. The BW for each hop can be configured / indicated individually within the frequency hopping configuration as described above, or the BW for each hop can follow the BW information within the configuration of the SRSp resources. During the frequency hopping operation of the SRSp resources for RedCap UEs, the frequency hopping pattern in the frequency domain can be restricted to a sequential ladder pattern. During the frequency hopping operation of the SRSp resources, the starting position in the frequency domain follows the information within the configuration of the SRSp resources associated with the active BWP. After each hop, the value of the inter-hop time gap configured / indicated within the individual frequency hopping configuration can be applied to perform time-domain resource mapping for each hop.

[0423] For example, the UE can obtain configuration information for SRSp resources provided by the BS. When the UE is a RedCap UE, it can be configured with a frequency hopping pattern for SRSp transmission by using parameters related to the frequency hopping configuration ID within the received SRSp resources. Specifically, the configuration information related to frequency hopping and the configuration ID can be associated with the IE related to the frequency hopping configuration and pre-configured via an RRC message. Then, the UE transmits the SRSp resources at the configured / indicated SRSp resource transmission time and at the configured / indicated frequency resource location.

[0424] For example, the BS can provide the UE with configuration information for the SRSp resources indicated by the LMF. When the target UE is a RedCap UE, the BS can configure and provide the frequency hopping pattern used for SRSp transmission through parameters associated with the frequency hopping configuration ID of the SRSp resources to be transmitted. Specifically, the configuration information associated with the frequency hopping and configuration ID can be associated with the IE associated with the frequency hopping configuration and pre-configured via an RRC message. Then, at the configured / indicated SRSp resource transmission time, the BS receives the SRSp resources transmitted from the UE at the location of the configured / indicated frequency resources, combines / aggregates the received hops, performs measurements for positioning, and reports the measurements to the LMF.

[0425] For example, the LMF can deliver configuration information of SRSp resources through the BS. The LMF receives location-related measurements from the BS using the SRSp resources sent by the UE, and using these measurements, the LMF can estimate the UE's location through calculations.

[0426] When the ID is assigned as the configuration information related to frequency hopping, as described above, it can have the advantage of saving resources.

[0427] In the above proposal, the proposed method is explained by considering the approach used for SRP resources. However, the proposed method is not limited to the terminology used in the specification, and the proposed method can be considered for each SRP resource set, each BWP, each UE, and / or each carrier.

[0428] Figure 25

[0429] Proposal 5 proposes a method for configuring frequency hopping operations for SRSp resources by associating frequency hopping-related RRC configuration information with BWP and performing frequency hopping configuration switching based on BWP switching.

[0430] Figure 25

[0431] By assembling frequency-hopping-related configuration information into a set, assigning IDs, and associating each ID with a configured BWP, frequency hopping operations can be performed on the SRSp resources allocated within the active BWP based on the frequency hopping configuration information corresponding to the active BWP. For example, an FHconfig-ID field with optional attributes can be added to the BWP IE containing configuration information for a pre-configured BWP. When the BWP is activated, during SRSp resource transmission within the active BWP, frequency hopping operations can be performed based on the pre-configured frequency-hopping-related configuration information corresponding to the frequency hopping configuration ID indicated by this field.

[0432] ● Configuration related to frequency hopping

[0433] Configuration information related to frequency hopping may include: frequency hopping pattern information, which includes the number of hops, hop bandwidth, time interval between hops, number of symbols per hop, and overlapping RBs; and the ID of the configuration information. To reduce parameter overhead, the number of symbols per hop and the hop bandwidth can be configured based on existing SRP resource configuration information without separate RRC parameters. For example, fields for the number of hops, hop bandwidth, time interval between hops, number of symbols per hop, and overlapping RBs can be added to the FHconfig IE to allow configuration of each value, and optionally, the hop bandwidth, the number of symbols per hop, and the overlapping RBs can be configured. If optional parameters are not configured, the number of symbols per hop can be configured to follow the number of symbols in the SRP resource, the hop bandwidth can be set to a value obtained by equally dividing the bandwidth of the SRP resource by the number of hops, and overlapping RBs can be left unconfigured.

[0434] ● SRSp resource frequency hopping transmission

[0435] If the UE is configured / instructed with the proposed frequency hopping-related configuration components from the BS according to the proposed configuration / instruction method, the UE can perform frequency hopping operations in conjunction with the configuration information of the SRSp resources obtained from the BS. During the frequency hopping operation of the SRSp resources, the starting position in the frequency domain follows the information within the configuration of the SRSp resources associated with the active BWP. The BW for each hop can be configured / instructed individually within the frequency hopping configuration as described above, or the BW for each hop can follow the BW information within the configuration of the SRSp resources. During the frequency hopping operation of the SRSp resources for RedCap UEs, the frequency hopping pattern in the frequency domain can be restricted to a sequential ladder pattern. During the frequency hopping operation of the SRSp resources, the starting position in the frequency domain follows the information within the configuration of the SRSp resources associated with the active BWP. After each hop, the value of the inter-hop time gap configured / instructed within the individual frequency hopping configuration can be applied to perform time-domain resource mapping for each hop.

[0436] Configuration information related to frequency hopping may include: frequency hopping pattern information, which includes the number of hops, hop bandwidth, time interval between hops, number of symbols per hop, and overlapping RBs; and the ID of the configuration information. To reduce parameter overhead, the number of symbols per hop and the hop bandwidth can be configured based on existing SRP resource configuration information without separate RRC parameters. For example, fields for the number of hops, hop bandwidth, time interval between hops, number of symbols per hop, and overlapping RBs can be added to the FHconfig IE to allow configuration of each value, and optionally, the hop bandwidth, the number of symbols per hop, and overlapping RBs can be configured. If the optional parameters are not configured, the number of symbols per hop can be configured to the number of symbols following the SRP resource, the bandwidth per hop can be set to the value obtained by equally dividing the bandwidth of the SRP resource by the number of hops, and overlapping RBs can be left unconfigured.

[0437] For example, the UE can obtain configuration information of SRSp resources provided by the BS. When the UE is a RedCap UE, it may be expected that the UE transmits SRSp resources while performing frequency hopping operations. In this case, the frequency hopping pattern used for SRSp transmission can be configured through parameters related to the frequency hopping configuration ID within the active BWP associated with the SRSp resource. The UE transmits the SRSp resource at the configured / indicated transmission time for each hop of the SRSp resource, at the configured / indicated location of the frequency resource.

[0438] For example, the UE can obtain configuration information for SRSp resources provided by the BS. When the UE is a RedCap UE, it can be expected that the UE transmits SRSp resources while performing frequency hopping operations. In this case, the frequency hopping pattern used for SRSp transmission can be configured through parameters related to the frequency hopping configuration ID within the active BWP associated with the SRSp resources. The UE transmits the SRSp resources at the configured / indicated transmission time of each hop in the frequency resources at the configured / indicated location of the frequency resources.

[0439] For example, the BS can provide the UE with configuration information for SRSp resources indicated by the LMF. When the target UE is a RedCap UE, the BS can send configuration information for the frequency hopping operation of the SRSp resources to be received from the UE in the form of an ID of a pre-configured frequency hopping configuration associated with the BWP. When the BWP is activated, the BS can expect the UE to send according to the frequency hopping configuration associated with the BWP. At the configured / indicated SRSp resource transmission time, the BS receives the SRSp resources sent from the UE at the location of the configured / indicated frequency resources, combines / aggregates the received hops, performs measurements for positioning, and reports the measurements to the LMF.

[0440] When frequency hopping-related configurations are executed in conjunction with an active BWP, no separate instruction for frequency hopping is required, thus saving resources. Because frequency hopping begins within the active BWP, from an RF retuning perspective, there is an advantage in reducing the duration of the frequency hopping operation.

[0441] For example, the LMF can deliver configuration information of SRSp resources through the base station (BS). The LMF receives location-related measurements from the BS using the SRSp resources sent by the UE, and using these measurements, the LMF can estimate the UE's location through calculations.

[0442] Figure 25 This is a diagram illustrating the operation of the network and the UE according to an embodiment.

[0443] exist Figure 25 In this context, the network may include nodes used as LMF location servers and / or at least one of one or more BS / TRPs. For example, in Figure 26 In this context, depending on the positioning technology, the transmission / reception / measurement of radio signals related to the radio interface between the network and the UE is interpreted as BS / TRP operations, and the UE's location determination can be interpreted as being performed by the BS and / or at a positioning server such as the LMF.

[0444] refer to Figure 26The UE can report its capabilities to the network via higher-layer signaling (A05). Through its capabilities, the UE can report that it is a second-type UE (RedCap UE) with reduced capabilities to support a smaller maximum bandwidth than a first-type UE (e.g., a normal UE).

[0445] The network can determine the frequency hopping configuration (A10) for the SRS used for positioning. Based on the fact that the UE is a Type II UE with reduced capabilities (RedCap UE) to support a smaller maximum UE bandwidth than a Type I UE, the network can determine the frequency hopping configuration such that no single hop among multiple hops is configured to exceed a single timeslot. The frequency hopping configuration may include i) information about the start position of each hop and ii) information about the length of each hop in the time domain.

[0446] The network can send configuration information (A15) regarding the SRS used for positioning, including frequency hopping configuration, to the UE via higher-layer signaling. In other words, the UE can receive configuration information regarding the SRS used for positioning via higher-layer signaling.

[0447] Since the UE is a second type of UE with reduced capabilities to support a smaller maximum UE bandwidth than the first type of UE, the UE can be configured to not expect a single frequency hop among multiple frequency hops configured based on frequency hopping information to be configured beyond a single time slot.

[0448] The UE can generate an SRS sequence (A20) based on configuration information about the SRS.

[0449] The UE can transmit SRS for positioning in each frequency band of each of multiple hops based on configuration information including frequency hopping configuration for SRS used for positioning. Frequency hopping can be performed based on the UE's RF retuning.

[0450] The network can measure the SRS sent by the UE and determine the UE's location based on the measurement (A30).

[0451] Figure 27 The diagram illustrates the flow of the SRS transmission method of the UE according to an embodiment.

[0452] refer to Figure 27 The UE can receive configuration information (B05) about the SRS used for positioning via higher-layer signaling.

[0453] The UE can transmit SRS for positioning in each of the multiple hops in each frequency band based on configuration information (B10) including frequency hopping configuration for SRS for positioning.

[0454] Frequency hopping configuration may include (i) information about the start position of each hop and (ii) information about the length of each hop in the time domain.

[0455] The UE can be configured to not expect any single hop of a plurality of hops configured based on frequency hopping configuration to be configured beyond a single time slot.

[0456] The UE can be configured not to expect any of the multiple transitions to be configured to extend beyond the single slot duration associated with each transition.

[0457] A single transition symbol from the start symbol to the last symbol can be included within a single time slot duration.

[0458] i) Information about the starting position of each transition may include information about the starting symbol of each transition and information about the time slot offset.

[0459] The position of the last symbol of each jump can be obtained by adding the length of each jump to the position of the starting symbol of each jump.

[0460] The frequency hopping configuration may further include at least one of the following: iii) information about the number of multiple hoppings, iv) information about the starting PRB of the leading hopping in the time domain among the multiple hoppings, v) information about the hopping bandwidth, or vi) information about the number of overlapping RBs between hoppings.

[0461] None of the multiple transitions can be configured to span multiple time slots.

[0462] The UE can be a second type of UE with reduction capabilities to support a maximum UE bandwidth that is smaller than the maximum UE bandwidth of the first type of UE.

[0463] Frequency hopping can be performed based on RF retuning.

[0464] Figure 28 The diagram illustrates the flow of an SRS receiving method for a network (BS, TRP, and / or LMF) according to an embodiment.

[0465] refer to Figure 28 The network (BS and / or LMF) can determine the frequency hopping configuration (C05) for the SRS used for positioning.

[0466] The BS can send configuration information, including frequency hopping configuration, to the UE (C10) via higher-layer signaling.

[0467] The network (BS and / or TRP) can receive SRS (C10) for positioning from the UE in the frequency band of each of the multiple hops based on configuration information including frequency hopping configuration.

[0468] Frequency hopping configuration may include: (i) information about the start position of each hop and (ii) information about the length of each hop in the time domain.

[0469] Based on the fact that the UE is a second type of UE with reduced capabilities to support a maximum UE bandwidth smaller than that of the first type of UE, the network (BS and / or LMF) can determine the frequency hopping configuration so that a single hop among multiple hops is not configured to exceed a single time slot.

[0470] Frequency hopping configuration may include: (i) information about the start position of each hop, and (ii) information about the length of each hop in the time domain. Frequency hopping configuration may further include at least one of iii) information about the number of multiple hops, iv) information about the starting PRB of the leading hop in the time domain among the multiple hops, v) information about the hop bandwidth, or vi) information about the number of overlapping RBs between hops. i) Information about the start position of each hop may include information about the start symbol of each hop and information about the time slot offset.

[0471] None of the multiple transitions can be configured to exceed the duration of the single time slot associated with each transition.

[0472] A single transition symbol from the start symbol to the last symbol can be included within a single time slot duration.

[0473] The position of the last symbol of each jump can be obtained by adding the length of each jump to the position of the starting symbol of each jump.

[0474] None of the multiple transitions can be configured to span multiple time slots.

[0475] Frequency hopping can be performed based on the UE's RF retuning.

[0476] Figure 29 The diagram illustrates a communication system 1 used in this disclosure.

[0477] refer to Figure 29The communication system 1 applied to this disclosure includes wireless devices, base stations (BS), and networks. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. Wireless devices may include (but are not limited to) robots 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, extended reality (XR) devices 100c, handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, Internet of Things (IoT) devices 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers 400. For example, vehicles may include vehicles with wireless communication capabilities, autonomous vehicles, and vehicles capable of performing communication between vehicles. Herein, vehicles may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones). XR devices can include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices, and can be implemented in the form of head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices can include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses) and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances can include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices can include sensors and smart meters. For example, the BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0478] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication with each other (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0479] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or between BS 200 and BS 200. In this document, wireless communication / connections can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). Wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. For this purpose, at least a portion of the configuration information for configuring the process of transmitting / receiving radio signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0480] Figure 28 A wireless device applicable to this disclosure is shown.

[0481] refer to Figure 30 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to... Figure 28 {Wireless Device 100x and BS 200} and / or {Wireless Device 100x and Wireless Device 100x}.

[0482] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 102 may process information in the memory 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceiver 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and may store various information relating to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may store software code including commands for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. In this document, processor 102 and memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). Transceiver 106 may be connected to processor 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In embodiments of this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0483] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor 202 may process information in the memory 204 to generate a third information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signal via the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive a radio signal including a fourth information / signal via the transceiver 206, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth information / signal in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store various information relating to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store software code including commands for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. In this document, processor 202 and memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). Transceiver 206 may be connected to processor 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In embodiments of this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0484] The hardware elements of wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by (but are not limited to) one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) and acquire PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0485] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0486] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured with read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk drive, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0487] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform controls to enable one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform controls to enable one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document via one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing by one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed by one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0488] Figure 30 Another example of a wireless device applied to this disclosure is shown. Wireless devices may vary depending on usage / service (see reference). Figure 29 It is realized in various forms.

[0489] refer to Figure 29 Wireless devices 100 and 200 can correspond to Figure 29 The wireless devices 100 and 200 are configured with various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include communication circuitry 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, communication circuitry 112 may include... Figure 28 One or more processors 102 and 202 and / or one or more memories 104 and 204. For example, transceiver 114 may include Figure 28 One or more transceivers 106 and 206 and / or one or more antennas 108 and 208. Control unit 120 is electrically connected to communication unit 110, memory 130, and add-on components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in memory unit 130. Control unit 120 may transmit information stored in memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., other communication devices) via communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from an external source (e.g., other communication devices) via communication unit 110 in memory unit 130 via a wireless / wired interface.

[0490] The additional component 140 can be configured differently depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power supply unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device can be configured according to (but is not limited to) a robot... Figure 28 100a), vehicles ( Figure 28 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR equipment ( Figure 28 100c), handheld devices ( Figure 28 100d), home appliances ( ​ 100e), IoT devices ( ​ 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety equipment, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( ​ 400), BS ( Figure 28This can be achieved through methods such as 200 (network nodes, etc.). Wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations depending on the use case / service.

[0491] exist Figure 30 In wireless devices 100 and 200, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules may be interconnected entirely via wired interfaces, or at least a portion thereof may be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. For example, in each of wireless devices 100 and 200, control unit 120 and communication unit 110 may be wired connected, and control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. The various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 may be configured as a collection of one or more processors. As an example, control unit 120 may be configured as a collection of communication control processors, application processors, electronic control units (ECUs), graphics processing units, and memory control processors. As another example, memory 130 may be configured as random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0492] Figure 31 The illustration shows a vehicle or autonomous vehicle applicable to this disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be a mobile robot, car, train, manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), vessel, etc.

[0493] refer to Figure 31 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d respectively correspond to... Figure 30 Blocks 110 / 130 / 140.

[0494] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and roadside units), and servers. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the components of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. Control unit 120 may include an electronic control unit (ECU). Drive unit 140a enables the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move on a road. Drive unit 140a may include an engine, motor, powertrain, wheels, brakes, steering equipment, etc. Power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and includes wired / wireless charging circuitry, batteries, etc. Sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. Sensor unit 140c may include inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, collision sensors, wheel sensors, speed sensors, slope sensors, weight sensors, heading sensors, position modules, vehicle forward / reverse sensors, battery sensors, fuel sensors, tire sensors, steering sensors, temperature sensors, depth sensors, ultrasonic sensors, lighting sensors, pedal position sensors, etc. Autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technologies for maintaining the vehicle within its lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), technologies for autonomously driving along a determined path, and technologies for automatically setting a route if a destination is set, etc.

[0495] For example, communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc., from an external server. Autonomous driving unit 140d can generate an autonomous driving path and driving plan from the acquired data. Control unit 120 can control drive unit 140a, enabling the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, communication unit 110 can periodically or non-periodically acquire recent traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. Autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. Communication unit 110 can transmit information about vehicle location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to an external server. The external server can predict traffic information data using AI technology, etc., based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0496] The above embodiments correspond to combinations of elements and features of this disclosure in a prescribed form. Furthermore, unless each element or feature is explicitly mentioned, it may be considered optional. Each of the elements or features can be implemented in a form that cannot be combined with other elements or features. Moreover, embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented by partially combining elements and / or features. The sequence of operations interpreted for each embodiment of this disclosure can be modified. Some configurations or features of one embodiment can be included in another embodiment, or can replace corresponding configurations or features of another embodiment. Furthermore, embodiments can be configured by combining claims that are not explicitly referenced in the appended claims, or can be included as new claims obtained by amendment after filing the application.

[0497] Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be performed in other specific ways than those described herein without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of this disclosure. Therefore, the above embodiments are to be interpreted in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of this disclosure should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, not by the foregoing description, and all variations falling within the meaning and equivalence of the appended claims should be included therein.

[0498] Industrial applicability

[0499] This disclosure applies to UEs, BSs, and / or various devices such as location servers in wireless mobile communication systems.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting a sounding reference signal (SRS) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Receive configuration information about the SRS used for positioning via higher-level signaling; as well as Based on the configuration information, including the frequency hopping configuration for the SRS used for positioning, the SRS for positioning is transmitted in the frequency band of each of the multiple hopping transitions. The frequency hopping configuration includes i) information about the start position of each transition in the time domain and ii) information about the length of each transition in the time domain. The UE does not expect any single transition among the plurality of transitions configured based on the frequency hopping configuration to be configured beyond a single time slot.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The UE does not expect any of the plurality of transitions to be configured beyond the duration of a single time slot associated with each transition.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The symbols from the start symbol to the last symbol of the single transition are included within the duration of the single time slot.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, i) The information regarding the starting position of each transition includes information about the starting symbol of each transition and information about the time slot offset, and The position of the last symbol of each jump is obtained by adding the length of each jump to the position of the starting symbol of each jump.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The frequency hopping configuration further includes at least one of the following: iii) information about the number of the plurality of hops, iv) information about the starting physical resource block (PRB) of the leading hop among the plurality of hops in the time domain, v) information about the hop bandwidth, or vi) information about the number of overlapping resource blocks between hops.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, None of the multiple transitions are configured to span multiple time slots.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The UE is a second type of UE with reduction capabilities to support a smaller maximum UE bandwidth than the first type of UE.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The frequency hopping is performed based on radio frequency (RF) readjustment.

9. A processor-readable recording medium having a program recorded thereon for performing the method according to claim 1.

10. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: A memory configured to store instructions; as well as A processor configured to perform operations by executing the instructions. The operation of the processor includes: Receive configuration information about the Sound Reference Signal (SRS) used for positioning via higher-layer signaling; and Based on the configuration information, including the frequency hopping configuration for the SRS used for positioning, the SRS for positioning is transmitted in the frequency band of each of the multiple hopping transitions. The frequency hopping configuration includes i) information about the start position of each transition in the time domain and ii) information about the length of each transition in the time domain. The device does not expect any single transition among the plurality of transitions configured based on the frequency hopping configuration to be configured beyond a single time slot.

11. The device of claim 10, further comprising a transceiver, in, The device is a user equipment (UE) operating in a wireless communication system.

12. The device according to claim 10, wherein, The device is a processing device configured to control a user equipment (UE) operating in a wireless communication system.

13. A method for receiving a sounding reference signal (SRS) by at least one base station (BS) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Determine the frequency hopping configuration for the SRS used for positioning; The configuration information, including the frequency hopping configuration, is sent to the user equipment (UE) via higher-layer signaling. as well as Based on the configuration information including the frequency hopping configuration, the SRS for positioning is received from the UE in the frequency band of each of the multiple hopping transitions. The frequency hopping configuration includes i) information about the start position of each transition in the time domain and ii) information about the length of each transition in the time domain. Wherein, based on the fact that the UE is a second type of UE with reduction capability to support a smaller maximum UE bandwidth than the first type of UE, the BS determines that the frequency hopping configuration is such that a single hop among the plurality of hops is configured not to exceed a single time slot.

14. A processor-readable recording medium having a program recorded thereon for performing the method according to claim 13.

15. A base station (BS) for wireless communication, the BS comprising: At least one memory, the at least one memory being configured to store instructions; as well as At least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to perform the operation by executing the instructions. The operation of the processor includes: Determine the frequency hopping configuration for the sounding reference signal (SRS) used for positioning; The configuration information, including the frequency hopping configuration, is sent to the user equipment (UE) via higher-layer signaling; and Based on the configuration information including the frequency hopping configuration, the SRS for positioning is received from the UE in the frequency band of each of the multiple hopping transitions. The frequency hopping configuration includes i) information about the start position of each transition in the time domain and ii) information about the length of each transition in the time domain. Wherein, based on the fact that the UE is a second type of UE with reduction capability to support a smaller maximum UE bandwidth than a first type of UE, the at least one processor is configured to determine the frequency hopping configuration such that a single hop among the plurality of hops is configured not to exceed a single time slot.

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