A laser cutting device for an automobile bumper and a laser cutting method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of laser cutting equipment for automobile bumper and its laser cutting method, it is related to laser cutting technical field, laser cutting equipment includes the shell of frame structure arrangement, control electric box, positioning assembly and cutting mechanism are installed on shell, positioning assembly is used to position installation to automobile bumper;Cutting mechanism includes laser cutting head, moving assembly, laser and reflection component, laser is fixedly installed on the shell, reflection component is used to twice reflection to laser cutting head in laser provided by laser, moving assembly is used to drive laser cutting head and moves in XYZ axle direction, and it is used to drive the reflection component and moves in the direction of approaching or moving away from automobile bumper, to make laser cutting head and position assembly on automobile bumper laser cutting.The application solves the problem that the style is single and the curved surface machining effect is not good when automobile bumper is processed and produced in prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a laser cutting device and laser cutting method for automobile bumpers. Background Technology

[0002] Car bumpers are important exterior components of vehicles, serving not only a decorative and aesthetic purpose but also a key part of passive safety systems. Modern car bumpers are typically made of engineering plastics (such as PP, ABS, etc.) or composite materials, and their complex structure integrates various features such as grille openings, sensor mounting holes, license plate mounting brackets, trailer hitch cover holes, radar probe holes, and various air deflector fins.

[0003] In existing technologies, most car bumper logos are manufactured using mechanical stamping. However, mechanical stamping is limited by its structure, making the product prone to damage, resulting in limited shapes and poor surface finishes.

[0004] It is evident that existing automotive bumper manufacturing technologies suffer from limitations in style and surface finishing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser cutting device and method for automobile bumpers, which solves the problems of limited styles and poor surface processing effects in the existing automobile bumper manufacturing process.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser cutting device for automobile bumpers, comprising a housing arranged in a frame structure, wherein a control box, a positioning component, and a cutting mechanism are mounted on the housing, and the positioning component is used for positioning and installing the automobile bumper;

[0008] The cutting mechanism includes a laser cutting head, a moving component, a laser, and a reflecting component. The laser is fixedly mounted on the housing. The reflecting component is used to reflect the laser provided by the laser twice into the laser cutting head. The moving component is used to drive the laser cutting head to move in the XYZ axis direction so that the laser cutting head can perform laser cutting on the car bumper on the positioning component.

[0009] Optionally, the moving component includes a first moving module, a second moving module, and a third moving module connected vertically in sequence, with the laser cutting head mounted on the third moving module;

[0010] Wherein, the first moving module is used to drive the second moving module and the third moving module to move along the X-axis direction, the second moving module is used to drive the third moving module to move along the Y-axis direction, and the third moving module is used to drive the laser cutting head to move along the Z-axis direction.

[0011] Optionally, the reflective assembly includes a first reflector and a second reflector, the first reflector is slidably connected to the housing, and the second reflector is mounted on one end of the third moving module relative to the laser cutting head. The first moving module is used to drive the first reflector and the second reflector to move synchronously along the X-axis.

[0012] The laser is emitted along the X-axis by the laser, and is reflected sequentially by the first reflector and the second reflector so that the laser enters the laser cutting head.

[0013] Optionally, the housing is slidably connected to a slide plate arranged along the X-axis, and a connecting plate perpendicular to the slide plate is fixedly connected between the slide plate and the second moving module.

[0014] The skateboard is equipped with a first adjustment platform connected to the first reflector, which is used to adjust the position of the first reflector in the Y-axis direction; the third moving module is equipped with a second adjustment platform connected to the second reflector, which is used to adjust the position of the second reflector in the Z-axis direction.

[0015] Optionally, the positioning component includes a positioning block, a positioning cylinder, and a positioning pin connected to the positioning cylinder, wherein a plurality of the positioning blocks are used to position and support the car bumper.

[0016] When the car bumper is positioned on the positioning block, the positioning cylinder drives the positioning pin to move so that the positioning pin is inserted into the car bumper.

[0017] Optionally, the positioning assembly further includes a clamping cylinder disposed adjacent to one of the positioning blocks, a rotating frame rotatably connected to the clamping cylinder, and a clamping plate fixedly connected to the rotating frame; a micro switch located between several positioning blocks is installed on the housing, and a start button for controlling the working state of the laser cutting equipment is installed on the housing.

[0018] Optionally, the housing is equipped with a first support frame and a second support frame, both used to support the car bumper. The first support frame has an open end and a hollow interior, and the second support frame is clamped and engaged with the pressure plate.

[0019] The housing is equipped with a receiving frame that communicates with the first support frame and a receiving box located below the receiving frame; when the laser cutting head performs cutting operations on the car bumper, the cut waste material passes through the first support frame and the receiving frame in sequence and enters the receiving box.

[0020] Optionally, the first reflector includes a first reflective shell mounted on the first adjustment platform, a first reflector installed inside the first reflective shell, and a first adjustment rod for adjusting the position of the first reflector passing through the first reflective shell.

[0021] Optionally, the second reflector includes a second reflective shell mounted on the second adjustment platform, a second reflector installed inside the second reflective shell, and a second adjustment rod for adjusting the position of the second reflector passing through the second reflective shell.

[0022] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser cutting method for automobile bumpers, applied to the laser cutting equipment for automobile bumpers described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0023] Step S1: The car bumper is fixed to the preset processing position inside the housing by the positioning component;

[0024] Step S2: Obtain the surface three-dimensional data of the car bumper using a three-dimensional scanning device, and generate a three-dimensional curved surface model that matches it.

[0025] Step S3: Based on the two-dimensional graphic of the logo or pattern to be processed, map it onto the three-dimensional curved surface model and generate a three-dimensional laser cutting path that matches the actual curved surface of the car bumper.

[0026] Step S4: Control the moving component to move the laser cutting head along the planned three-dimensional laser cutting path, and at the same time start the laser to emit laser light so that the laser cutting head can perform three-dimensional curved surface laser cutting on the car bumper.

[0027] Optionally, step S3 includes:

[0028] Step S31: Vectorize the original two-dimensional graphic of the logo or pattern to be processed, extract its boundary contour, feature points and curve control points, and generate editable vector graphic data.

[0029] Step S32: Perform curvature analysis on the three-dimensional surface model, divide it into regions according to the curvature magnitude, and set different mapping accuracies for high curvature regions and low curvature regions respectively;

[0030] Step S33: When the two-dimensional graphic is mapped to the three-dimensional surface, the spatial projection position of each feature point is calculated in real time to obtain the initially generated three-dimensional laser cutting path.

[0031] Step S34: Perform curve smoothing on the initially generated three-dimensional laser cutting path to obtain a three-dimensional laser cutting path that matches the actual curved surface of the car bumper.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] This invention provides a laser cutting device for automobile bumpers. Through the placement of positioning components, the automobile bumper can be reliably fixed and installed, ensuring stability during the cutting process. Since the laser is fixedly mounted on the housing, the problem of bulky size and complex structure caused by the laser moving with the laser cutting head is avoided, and the motion inertia of the moving components is reduced. The laser light provided by the laser is transmitted to the laser cutting head through two reflections by the reflecting components, ensuring stable laser transmission within three-dimensional space. The cutting mechanism uses the laser cutting head in conjunction with the movement of the moving components in the XYZ axis directions to achieve flexible processing of complex curved surfaces of automobile bumpers, avoiding product damage problems easily caused by traditional mechanical stamping methods. At the same time, the laser cutting method allows for diverse processing shapes and high cutting precision, significantly improving the processing quality and overall aesthetics of the curved surfaces of automobile bumpers. Therefore, this invention solves the problems of limited style and poor surface processing effects in the existing automobile bumper processing and production. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a laser cutting device for automobile bumpers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A first partial structural schematic diagram of a laser cutting device for automobile bumpers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A second partial structural schematic diagram of a laser cutting device for automobile bumpers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a first partial structure of the cutting mechanism in a laser cutting device for an automobile bumper, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second partial structure of the cutting mechanism in a laser cutting device for an automobile bumper, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a positioning component in a laser cutting device for an automobile bumper, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 A partial structural diagram of a positioning component in a laser cutting device for an automobile bumper, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 An exploded structural diagram of the first reflector in a laser cutting device for an automobile bumper, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the second reflector in a laser cutting device for an automobile bumper, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Illustration:

[0046] 10. Housing;

[0047] 20. Control box;

[0048] 30. Positioning component; 31. Positioning block; 32. Positioning cylinder; 33. Positioning pin; 34. Clamping cylinder; 35. Rotating frame; 36. Clamping plate; 37. First support frame; 38. Second support frame;

[0049] 40. Cutting mechanism; 41. Laser cutting head; 42. Moving assembly; 421. First moving module; 422. Second moving module; 423. Third moving module; 43. Laser; 44. First reflector; 441. First reflective shell; 442. First reflector; 443. First adjusting rod; 45. Second reflector; 451. Second reflective shell; 452. Second reflector; 453. Second adjusting rod; 46. Slide plate; 47. Connecting plate; 48. First adjusting platform; 49. Second adjusting platform;

[0050] 51. Micro switch; 52. Start button;

[0051] 61. Receiving frame; 62. Receiving box;

[0052] 70. Dust extraction assembly; 71. Dust extraction machine; 72. Dust extraction port; 73. Dust extraction hood;

[0053] 80. Chiller;

[0054] 90. Gas storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be a component positioned centrally in the connection.

[0057] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0058] This invention provides a laser cutting device for automobile bumpers, such as... Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the device includes a housing 10 with a frame structure, on which a control box 20, a positioning component 30, and a cutting mechanism 40 are mounted. The positioning component 30 is used to position and install the car bumper.

[0059] The cutting mechanism 40 includes a laser cutting head 41, a moving component 42, a laser 43, and a reflecting component. The laser 43 is fixedly mounted on the housing 10. The reflecting component reflects the laser light provided by the laser 43 twice into the laser cutting head 41. The moving component 42 drives the laser cutting head 41 to move in the XYZ axis direction, so that the laser cutting head 41 can laser cut the car bumper on the positioning component 30. In this example, a chiller 80 is provided on one side of the housing 10 for cooling the laser 43. The chiller 80 is a well-known device in the art and will not be described in detail here. A gas storage tank 90 is installed on the housing 10 to provide a stable gas medium for laser generation or processing, ensuring the stability of laser output and processing quality.

[0060] It should be noted that the laser cutting equipment for car bumpers provided by this invention, through the setting of the positioning component 30, can reliably fix and install the car bumper, ensuring stability during the cutting process. Since the laser 43 is fixedly mounted on the housing 10, the problem of large size and complex structure caused by the laser 43 moving with the laser cutting head 41 is avoided, and the motion inertia of the moving component 42 is reduced. The laser provided by the laser 43 is transmitted to the laser cutting head 41 through two reflections by the reflecting component, ensuring stable transmission of the laser in three-dimensional space. The cutting mechanism 40 uses the laser cutting head 41 in conjunction with the moving component 42 to move in the XYZ axis directions, achieving flexible processing of the complex curved surfaces of the car bumper, avoiding product damage problems easily caused by traditional mechanical stamping methods. At the same time, the laser cutting method allows for diverse processing shapes and high cutting precision, significantly improving the processing quality and overall aesthetics of the curved surfaces of the car bumper. Therefore, this invention solves the problems of limited style and poor surface processing effects in the existing car bumper processing and production.

[0061] Specifically, the laser cutting equipment also includes a dust extraction component 70 for removing fumes and dust generated during laser cutting operations. The dust extraction component 70 includes a dust extractor 71 adjacent to the chiller 80, a dust extraction port 72 installed on the top of the housing 10, and a dust extraction hood 73 fitted onto the laser cutting head 41. The dust extractor 71, dust extraction port 72, and dust extraction hood 73 are sequentially connected via pipes. By incorporating the dust extraction component 70 into the laser cutting equipment, fumes and dust generated during laser cutting operations can be promptly extracted, effectively improving the working environment and preventing fumes and dust from harming the health of operators. Simultaneously, it prevents dust from adhering to the laser cutting head 41 or the surface of a car bumper, thereby ensuring the stability and cutting quality of the laser cutting. Furthermore, the sequential connection of the dust extractor 71, dust extraction port 72, and dust extraction hood 73 via pipes makes the extraction effect of the dust extraction component 70 more efficient and concentrated, improving the environmental performance and practicality of the laser cutting equipment.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the moving component 42 includes a first moving module 421, a second moving module 422 and a third moving module 423 connected vertically in sequence, and the laser cutting head 41 is mounted on the third moving module 423.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first moving module 421 drives the second moving module 422 and the third moving module 423 to move along the X-axis, the second moving module 422 drives the third moving module 423 to move along the Y-axis, and the third moving module 423 drives the laser cutting head 41 to move along the Z-axis. In this embodiment, the first moving module 421, the second moving module 422, and the third moving module 423 are all driven by motors. These moving modules are well-known in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0064] In practical implementation, a first moving module 421, a second moving module 422, and a third moving module 423 are arranged vertically connected in sequence in the moving component 42. These modules are used to drive the laser cutting head 41 to move along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, respectively. This allows the laser cutting head 41 to move precisely in three-dimensional space, enabling flexible processing of the complex curved surface structure of the car bumper. Since each moving module is driven by a motor, the response speed is fast and the operation is stable, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of laser cutting. At the same time, the structural design is reasonable, facilitating the control and maintenance of the equipment.

[0065] like Figures 2 to 9 As shown, the reflective assembly includes a first reflector 44 and a second reflector 45. In order to achieve effective laser transmission, the first reflector 44 is slidably connected to the housing 10. The second reflector 45 is installed at one end of the third moving module 423 relative to the laser cutting head 41. The first moving module 421 is used to drive the first reflector 44 and the second reflector 45 to move synchronously along the X-axis.

[0066] In this embodiment, laser light emitted along the X-axis is provided by laser 43 and is reflected sequentially by first reflector 44 and second reflector 45, allowing the laser light to enter the laser cutting head 41. In this embodiment, when the first moving module 421 drives the second moving module 422 and the third moving module 423 to move along the X-axis, the first reflector 44 and the second reflector 45 move synchronously along the X-axis; when the second moving module 422 drives the third moving module 423 to move along the Y-axis, the first reflector 44 does not move, while the second reflector 45 moves synchronously along the Y-axis.

[0067] In practice, the laser generated by laser 43 is first emitted along the X-axis. After being reflected by the first reflector 44, its propagation direction changes, and then it is reflected by the second reflector 45 and guided into the laser cutting head 41. This allows the laser to stably enter the laser cutting head 41 and be focused, ultimately performing laser cutting on the car bumper. Through this setup, laser 43 can be fixedly mounted on the housing 10, avoiding the problems of large size, heavy weight, and difficulty in control caused by the laser 43 moving with the cutting head. Simultaneously, the rational arrangement of the first reflector 44 and the second reflector 45 achieves refracted transmission of the laser path, ensuring that the laser cutting head 41 receives stable and accurate laser input while moving in three-dimensional space. This structure not only improves the flexibility and processing accuracy of laser cutting but also effectively reduces the overall structural complexity and operating load of the equipment.

[0068] like Figures 2 to 9 As shown, the housing 10 is slidably connected to a slide plate 46 arranged along the X-axis direction, and a connecting plate 47 arranged perpendicular to the slide plate 46 is fixedly connected between the slide plate 46 and the second moving module 422.

[0069] A first adjustment platform 48 connected to the first reflector 44 is mounted on the slide plate 46. The first adjustment platform 48 is used to adjust the position of the first reflector 44 in the Y-axis direction. A second adjustment platform 49 connected to the second reflector 45 is mounted on the third moving module 423. The second adjustment platform 49 is used to adjust the position of the second reflector 45 in the Z-axis direction, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the laser beam path in the Z-axis direction. In this embodiment, the first adjustment platform 48 and the second adjustment platform 49 are adjustment platforms known in the art, which can respectively fine-tune the first reflector 44 and the second reflector 45 to ensure the accurate path of the laser beam path. The first reflector 44 includes a first reflective shell 441 mounted on a first adjusting platform 48, a first reflector 442 installed inside the first reflective shell 441, and a first adjusting rod 443 for adjusting the position of the first reflector 442 passing through the first reflective shell 441; the second reflector 45 includes a second reflective shell 451 mounted on a second adjusting platform 49, a second reflector 452 installed inside the second reflective shell, and a second adjusting rod 453 for adjusting the position of the second reflector 452 passing through the second reflective shell 451.

[0070] In specific implementation, through the above settings, the first adjustment table 48 and the second adjustment table 49 are respectively used to fine-tune the positions of the first reflector 44 and the second reflector 45. Before the laser cutting operation, the transmission path of the laser is guided by the manual adjustment function of the first adjustment table 48 and the second adjustment table 49, so as to ensure that the laser smoothly enters the laser cutting head 41 and ensures that the subsequent laser cutting operation is carried out smoothly.

[0071] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the positioning component 30 includes a positioning block 31, a positioning cylinder 32, and a positioning pin 33 connected to the positioning cylinder 32. Several positioning blocks 31 are used to position and support the car bumper. In this embodiment, several positioning blocks 31 are spaced apart along the four sides of the car bumper, and several positioning blocks 31 are all fastened to the housing 10.

[0072] When the car bumper is positioned on the positioning block 31, the positioning cylinder 32 drives the positioning pin 33 to move so that the positioning pin 33 is inserted into the car bumper.

[0073] In practical implementation, several positioning blocks 31 are spaced apart along the four sides of the car bumper, providing support and coarse positioning for the bumper. When the bumper is placed on the positioning blocks 31, the positioning cylinder 32 drives the positioning pin 33 to move, allowing the pin to insert into a pre-set hole in the bumper, thus achieving limiting and fixing of the bumper. The positioning assembly 30 ensures the stability of the bumper during cutting and prevents workpiece displacement during laser cutting. This positioning assembly 30 has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can quickly and accurately position the workpiece, significantly improving clamping efficiency and cutting accuracy. Simultaneously, the insertion of the positioning pin 33 further enhances the workpiece's fixation, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the entire machine.

[0074] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the positioning assembly 30 also includes a clamping cylinder 34 adjacent to one of the positioning blocks 31. A rotating frame 35 is rotatably connected to the clamping cylinder 34, and a clamping plate 36 is fixedly connected to the rotating frame 35. A micro switch 51 located between several positioning blocks 31 is installed on the housing 10, and a start button 52 for controlling the working state of the laser cutting equipment is also installed on the housing 10. In this embodiment, the micro switch 51 is a small electromechanical switch that achieves rapid circuit switching through mechanical triggering (such as pressing, displacement, or collision). It features sensitive operation, small size, and long lifespan (typically ≥1 million cycles). In the laser cutting equipment, the micro switch 51 is mainly used for safety protection, position detection, mode switching, and status monitoring, and is a key component for ensuring safe operation and improving processing accuracy. When the micro switch 51 senses the car bumper, the operator manually presses the start button 52, and the laser cutting equipment begins normal operation.

[0075] In practice, after the car bumper is placed on several positioning blocks 31 and limited by positioning pins 33, the clamping cylinder 34 drives the rotating frame 35 to move, causing the rotating frame 35 to drive the clamping plate 36 to rotate and clamp the car bumper, thereby further enhancing the fixation effect of the workpiece and preventing the workpiece from shifting due to vibration or stress during laser cutting. Through the above settings, the workpiece is doubly fixed by the clamping cylinder 34 and the clamping plate 36, ensuring the stability and accuracy of laser cutting; the micro switch 51 is used to detect the workpiece's position and avoid misoperation; the start button 52 provides an intuitive and convenient operation method, making the whole machine safer, more reliable, and more intelligent.

[0076] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a first support frame 37 and a second support frame 38, both used to support the car bumper, are installed inside the housing 10. The first support frame 37 has an open end and a hollow interior, and the second support frame 38 is clamped and engaged with the pressure plate 36. In this embodiment, both the first support frame 37 and the second support frame 38 are fastened to the housing 10.

[0077] The housing 10 is equipped with a receiving frame 61 that communicates with the first support frame 37 and a receiving box 62 located below the receiving frame 61; when the laser cutting head 41 performs cutting operations on the car bumper, the cut waste material passes through the first support frame 37 and the receiving frame 61 in sequence and enters the receiving box 62.

[0078] In practice, both the first support frame 37 and the second support frame 38 are used to support the car bumper, accommodating and stabilizing its bottom to ensure accurate positioning during cutting. The second support frame 38 clamps with the clamping plate 36 to further stabilize the workpiece and prevent vibration or displacement during cutting. After the laser cutting operation begins, the laser cutting head 41 cuts the car bumper. The waste generated passes through the first support frame 37 and the collection frame 61, and finally enters the collection box 62 for centralized collection. Through this structural design, waste can be effectively collected through the collection frame 61 and the collection box 62, preventing waste from scattering or clogging the cutting equipment, improving the cleanliness of the working environment and the operating efficiency of the equipment. This waste collection structure not only facilitates the cleaning and disposal of waste but also effectively improves workplace safety and environmental protection.

[0079] This invention also provides a laser cutting method for automobile bumpers, applied to the aforementioned laser cutting equipment for automobile bumpers, comprising:

[0080] Step S1: The car bumper is fixed to a preset processing position within the housing 10 using the positioning component 30. Specifically, several positioning blocks 31 provide initial support and positioning for the bumper, ensuring it is within the preset processing area. Subsequently, the positioning cylinder 32 is activated, driving the positioning pin 33 to insert into the preset process hole or structural hole on the car bumper, achieving precise radial positioning. During this process, when the bumper is in place, a micro switch 51 is triggered. After the equipment control system detects this signal, the operator can press the start button 52 to prepare for entering the processing program.

[0081] Step S2 involves acquiring 3D surface data of the car bumper using a 3D scanning device to generate a matching 3D surface model. In this embodiment, the 3D scanning device is a well-known structure in the art and will not be described in detail here. The integrated 3D scanning device (such as a laser scanner or structured light scanner) performs a high-speed, high-precision non-contact scan of the fixed car bumper surface. The scanning device moves along a predetermined trajectory to acquire a large amount of dense point cloud data of the bumper surface. This point cloud data is transmitted in real time to the device's control system (or a connected host computer). The software algorithm built into the control system performs noise reduction, stitching, and reconstruction processing on the point cloud data, ultimately generating a high-precision 3D digital surface model that perfectly matches the physical object. This model accurately reflects all surface details of the bumper, including curvature, edges, and concave / convex features.

[0082] Step S3: Based on the two-dimensional graphic of the logo or pattern to be processed, it is mapped onto a three-dimensional curved surface model, and a three-dimensional laser cutting path matching the actual curved surface of the car bumper is generated. In this embodiment, the operator imports the two-dimensional vector graphic file (such as AI or DXF format) of the logo or pattern to be processed into the control system. The control system calls the path planning software module to execute the following sub-steps:

[0083] The 2D graphic is treated as a whole and precisely projected onto the 3D surface model generated in step S2 based on its own coordinate system. This process is not a simple texturing, but rather a projection based on the normal direction of each point on the model, ensuring that the graphic can accurately wrap around the complex surface.

[0084] The software calculates the trajectory that the laser cutting head 41 needs to traverse in order to imprint the projected three-dimensional graphic onto the real workpiece. This trajectory is a complex three-dimensional spatial path, ensuring that the focal point of the laser cutting head 41 maintains a constant optimal working distance and perpendicular angle with the surface to be processed on the bumper during its movement, thereby ensuring consistent cutting depth and width across the entire curved surface.

[0085] In step S4, the control unit 42 moves the laser cutting head 41 along the planned three-dimensional laser cutting path, while simultaneously activating the laser 43 to emit laser light, enabling the laser cutting head 41 to perform three-dimensional curved surface laser cutting on the car bumper. In practice, the control system decomposes the planned three-dimensional laser cutting path into linkage commands for each axis (X, Y, Z) and sends them to the moving unit 42. The first moving module 421, the second moving module 422, and the third moving module 423 work together to drive the laser cutting head 41 to perform high-speed, precise spatial movement strictly according to the three-dimensional path. Simultaneously, the control system triggers the laser 43 to emit a high-energy laser beam, which is transmitted to the laser cutting head 41 via the optical path system and focused on the surface of the car bumper. During the movement, the focused laser beam instantly melts or vaporizes the material on the workpiece surface, thereby precisely cutting a three-dimensional logo or pattern that perfectly matches the design on the complex three-dimensional curved surface of the car bumper. Waste generated during the cutting process falls into the receiving box 62 below through the first support frame 37 and the receiving frame 61 for easy centralized cleaning; smoke generated during the cutting process is removed by the dust extraction component 70.

[0086] It should be noted that, through a technical solution involving 3D scanning, 3D path planning, and three-axis linkage, the laser cutting head 41 achieves real-time tracking and self-adaptation of the workpiece surface, ensuring uniform and precise cutting results. This invention solves the problem that traditional mechanical stamping cannot achieve high-quality processing on complex curved surfaces. There is no need to manufacture expensive physical molds or punches. Simply by changing the digital graphic file, logos, patterns, text, or textures of any shape can be processed quickly and cost-effectively on the same equipment, enabling small-batch, multi-variety personalized customization production and solving the problem of limited styles caused by traditional stamping methods. Non-contact laser processing avoids mechanical stress, fundamentally eliminating workpiece deformation, cracking, or surface indentations caused by stamping. The processed edges of the product are neat, smooth, and burr-free, possessing extremely high visual quality and improving the overall processing quality.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, step S3 includes:

[0088] Step S31 involves vectorizing the original 2D graphic of the logo or pattern to be processed, extracting its boundary contours, feature points, and curve control points to generate editable vector graphic data. In this embodiment, the system receives the original logo or pattern file imported by the operator (which may be a bitmap such as JPG or PNG, or an already vectorized DXF file). If it is a bitmap, the system first calls a built-in common vectorization algorithm (such as an algorithm based on image edge detection and Bézier curve fitting) to process it. This process automatically identifies and extracts the boundary contour of the graphic, converts it into a path defined by mathematical formulas, and records key feature points (such as the vertices of the contour) and curve control points (points used to accurately describe Bézier curves or spline curves) on the path. Finally, a high-precision vector graphic file (such as SVG or AI format) that can be infinitely scaled without distortion is output. This step ensures the accuracy and editability of the original design information, laying a precise mathematical foundation for subsequent spatial mapping.

[0089] Step S32 involves performing curvature analysis on the 3D surface model, dividing it into regions based on curvature magnitude, and setting different mapping accuracies for high-curvature and low-curvature regions. In this embodiment, the control system performs geometric curvature analysis on the 3D surface digital model generated in step S2. The system calculates the curvature value of each point on the model surface and automatically divides the entire surface into different regions based on the curvature magnitude (e.g., high-curvature regions: such as the corners and edges of a bumper; low-curvature regions: such as the large flat or gently sloping surface of a bumper). For different regions, the system sets differentiated mapping accuracies (or path point densities).

[0090] Higher curvature regions require higher mapping precision, meaning the system generates a denser sequence of path points in these regions during mapping. This allows the laser cutting head 41 to receive more and finer positional adjustments as it moves through these areas, enabling it to closely conform to dramatic surface changes, ensuring precise cutting contours and preventing distortion caused by sparse path points that result in rounded edges.

[0091] In low curvature regions, a relatively low mapping accuracy is set to reduce unnecessary path points, optimize the amount of computational data, improve path planning efficiency, and make the cutting head movement smoother and more efficient, while ensuring processing quality.

[0092] Step S33: When mapping the 2D graphic to the 3D surface, the spatial projection positions of each feature point are calculated in real time to obtain a preliminary 3D laser cutting path. In this embodiment, the system begins to map the 2D vector graphic processed in step S31 onto the 3D surface model. Mapping is not a simple placement, but rather based on a projection algorithm (usually along the surface normal or a specified projection axis). The system calculates the corresponding spatial projection position (i.e., XYZ coordinates) of each feature point on the 2D vector graphic on the 3D surface model point by point. This process is calculated in real time, strictly following the partitioning precision setting in step S32, calculating more points in high curvature areas and fewer points in low curvature areas. Connecting all the calculated 3D spatial points sequentially yields a preliminary 3D laser cutting path that matches the shape of the bumper surface.

[0093] Step S34 involves smoothing the initially generated 3D laser cutting path to obtain a 3D laser cutting path that matches the actual curved surface of the car bumper. In this embodiment, the initially generated 3D path, being directly connected from discrete points, exhibits minute sawtooth-like jitter or sharp corners. Directly using this path to control the machine tool would cause the laser cutting head 41 to move unsteadily, generating vibrations and affecting cutting quality and equipment lifespan. Therefore, step S34 employs a commonly used curve smoothing algorithm (such as B-spline curve fitting or NURBS non-uniform rational B-spline fitting) to optimize the initial path. This algorithm, while retaining the key feature points of the original path, smooths the transitions between path points, generating a continuous, smooth, and high-order differentiable 3D spatial curve. The resulting 3D laser cutting path not only perfectly matches the actual curved surface of the car bumper but also ensures that the laser cutting head 41 can complete the processing task with extremely high motion stability.

[0094] In practical implementation, the vectorization processing in step S31 and the spatial projection calculation in step S33 ensure that complex two-dimensional graphics can be losslessly and accurately adapted to complex three-dimensional curved surfaces, solving the problem of graphic distortion caused by simple projection. The curvature partitioning and accuracy adaptive strategy in step S32 is a core optimization, avoiding unnecessary over-calculation in flat areas and concentrating resources on complex areas, achieving the best balance between accuracy and efficiency, and significantly shortening path planning time. Improving accuracy in high-curvature areas ensures that sharp edges and fine features such as tiny text in the logo can be clearly and accurately processed even on complex curved surfaces, which is impossible with traditional methods or uniform mapping. The path smoothing processing in step S34 eliminates the stuttering and jitter of the cutting setup movement, making the movement of the laser cutting head 41 extremely smooth. This not only improves the uniformity and smoothness of the cutting surface but also reduces impact wear on mechanical parts and extends the service life of precision moving parts such as the moving module.

[0095] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for automobile bumpers, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (10) with a frame structure, on which a control box (20), a positioning component (30), and a cutting mechanism (40) are mounted. The positioning component (30) is used to position and install the car bumper. The cutting mechanism (40) includes a laser cutting head (41), a moving component (42), a laser (43), and a reflecting component. The laser (43) is fixedly mounted on the housing (10), and the reflecting component is used to reflect the laser provided by the laser (43) twice into the laser cutting head (41). The moving component (42) includes a first moving module (421), a second moving module (422), and a third moving module (423) connected vertically in sequence; the laser cutting head (41) is mounted on the third moving module (423); wherein, the first moving module (421) is used to drive the second moving module (422) and the third moving module (423) to move along the X-axis direction, the second moving module (422) is used to drive the third moving module (423) to move along the Y-axis direction, and the third moving module (423) is used to drive the laser cutting head (41) to move along the Z-axis direction; The reflective assembly includes a first reflector (44) and a second reflector (45). The first reflector (44) is slidably connected to the housing (10). A slide plate (46) arranged along the X-axis is slidably connected to the housing (10). A first adjustment platform (48) connected to the first reflector (44) is installed on the slide plate (46). The first adjustment platform (48) is used to adjust the position of the first reflector (44) in the Y-axis direction. A second adjustment platform (49) connected to the second reflector (45) is installed on the third moving module (423). The second adjustment platform (49) is used to adjust the position of the second reflector (45) in the Z-axis direction. A connecting plate (47) perpendicular to the slide plate (46) is fixedly connected between the slide plate (46) and the second moving module (422). The third moving module (423) has a second reflector (45) mounted on one end relative to the laser cutting head (41). The first moving module (421) is used to drive the first reflector (44) and the second reflector (45) to move synchronously along the X-axis. The laser emitted along the X-axis by the laser (43) is reflected sequentially by the first reflector (44) and the second reflector (45) so that the laser enters the laser cutting head (41). The first reflector (44) includes a first reflective shell (441) mounted on the first adjustment platform (48), a first reflector (442) is installed inside the first reflective shell (441), and a first adjustment rod (443) for adjusting the position of the first reflector (442) is provided through the first reflective shell (441). The positioning component (30) includes a positioning block (31), a positioning cylinder (32), and a positioning pin (33) connected to the positioning cylinder (32). Several positioning blocks (31) are used to position and support the car bumper. The positioning component (30) also includes a clamping cylinder (34) arranged adjacent to one of the positioning blocks (31). A rotating frame (35) is rotatably connected to the clamping cylinder (34), and a clamping plate (36) is fixedly connected to the rotating frame (35). When the car bumper is positioned on the positioning block (31), the positioning cylinder (32) drives the positioning pin (33) to insert into the car bumper, and the pressing cylinder (34) drives the rotating frame (35) to drive the pressing plate (36) to press the car bumper. The moving component (42) is used to move the laser cutting head (41) in the XYZ axis direction and to move the first reflector (44) and the second reflector (45) in the direction of approaching or moving away from the car bumper, so that the laser cutting head (41) can laser cut the car bumper on the positioning component (30).

2. The laser cutting equipment for automobile bumpers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (10) is equipped with a first support frame (37) and a second support frame (38) for supporting the car bumper. The first support frame (37) is open at both ends and hollow inside. The second support frame (38) is clamped and cooperates with the pressure plate (36).

3. The laser cutting equipment for automobile bumpers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing (10) is equipped with a receiving frame (61) that communicates with the first support frame (37) and a receiving box (62) located below the receiving frame (61); when the laser cutting head (41) performs cutting operation on the car bumper, the cut waste material passes through the first support frame (37) and the receiving frame (61) in sequence and enters the receiving box (62).

4. The laser cutting equipment for automobile bumpers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (10) is equipped with a micro switch (51) located between several positioning blocks (31), and the housing (10) is equipped with a start button (52) for controlling the working state of the laser cutting equipment.

5. The laser cutting equipment for automobile bumpers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second reflector (45) includes a second reflective shell (451) mounted on the second adjustment platform (49), a second reflector (452) is installed inside the second reflective shell, and a second adjustment rod (453) for adjusting the position of the second reflector (452) is provided through the second reflective shell (451).

6. A laser cutting method for automobile bumpers, applied to the laser cutting equipment for automobile bumpers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: Step S1: The car bumper is fixed in the preset processing position inside the housing (10) by the positioning component (30); Step S2: Obtain the surface three-dimensional data of the car bumper using a three-dimensional scanning device, and generate a three-dimensional curved surface model that matches it. Step S3: Based on the two-dimensional graphic of the logo or pattern to be processed, map it onto the three-dimensional curved surface model and generate a three-dimensional laser cutting path that matches the actual curved surface of the car bumper. Step S4: Control the moving component (42) to drive the laser cutting head (41) to move along the planned three-dimensional laser cutting path, and at the same time start the laser (43) to emit laser light so that the laser cutting head (41) can perform three-dimensional curved surface laser cutting on the car bumper. Step S3 includes: Step S31: Vectorize the original two-dimensional graphic of the logo or pattern to be processed, extract its boundary contour, feature points and curve control points, and generate editable vector graphic data. Step S32: Perform curvature analysis on the three-dimensional surface model, divide it into regions according to the curvature magnitude, and set different mapping accuracies for high curvature regions and low curvature regions respectively; Step S33: When the two-dimensional graphic is mapped to the three-dimensional surface, the spatial projection position of each feature point is calculated in real time to obtain the initially generated three-dimensional laser cutting path. Step S34: Perform curve smoothing on the initially generated three-dimensional laser cutting path to obtain a three-dimensional laser cutting path that matches the actual curved surface of the car bumper.

Images