Thin-shell casting type swivel spherical hinge and installation and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge swivel, and provides a thin shell casting type swivel spherical hinge and a mounting construction method. The thin shell casting type swivel spherical hinge comprises an upper spherical hinge body, a lower spherical hinge body and a lower spherical hinge body, the upper spherical hinge body is of a cavity thin shell structure which is integrally cast and formed, and the thickness of the upper spherical hinge body ranges from 40 mm to 120 mm; the lower spherical hinge is arranged below the upper spherical hinge, the lower spherical hinge is of a cavity thin shell structure which is integrally cast and formed, the thickness of the lower spherical hinge is 40-120mm, and a plurality of material injection holes, vibration holes and exhaust holes are formed in the top of a spherical panel of the lower spherical hinge; and the multiple friction sliding sheets are circumferentially distributed between the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge. Compared with the prior art, the thin-shell casting type swivel spherical hinge has the advantages that on the basis that the swivel spherical hinge meets the requirements for structural strength and rigidity, the compactness of concrete on the lower portion is effectively improved, and meanwhile the structural weight can be greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge rotation technology, and more specifically, to a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge rotation construction technology, as an efficient and safe means of crossing existing transportation lines, is widely used in urban rail, railway, and viaduct projects. The rotating ball joint is the core component of this technology, bearing the enormous vertical loads, rotational moments, and frictional shear forces during the bridge rotation process, while ensuring the reliability of the structure.

[0003] Commonly used swivel joints mainly include welded swivel joints and cast swivel joints (including swivel supports). Welded swivel joints are made by welding sheet metal after forming, resulting in high material utilization and good economy, and are therefore widely used. However, with the development of bridge swivel technology, the weight of bridge swivel joints is increasing. As the weight of the swivel joint increases, the structural dimensions and plate thickness of the swivel joint also increase. Commonly used welded swivel joints are limited by the panel forming equipment, making it difficult to form the swivel panel and thus unable to meet the structural requirements of high load-bearing capacity. Therefore, large-tonnage swivel joints need to adopt an integral cast structure.

[0004] Cast-type swivel joints mainly consist of an upper swivel joint, a lower swivel joint, a pin, and a pre-embedded base plate. Each part is machined from cast blanks, overcoming the limitations of swivel joint plate forming and making them suitable for large-tonnage swivel joints. Currently, cast-type swivel joints or the lower swivel joint structure of swivel supports are integrally cast solid structures, resulting in a heavy overall weight. The thickness of the section from the concave swivel surface to the bottom of the joint varies with the center of the swivel surface, with a thicker outer portion. This makes it difficult to pre-drill vibration holes, hindering the vibration of the lower concrete during construction. If gravity grouting is used, the large size of the swivel joint and poor grout density can easily lead to defects such as honeycomb, pitting, or hollow areas, causing significant deformation of the joint and ultimately, swivel failure. To address this issue, a pre-embedded base is typically added to the bottom of the lower swivel joint. This base is pre-cast along with the lower foundation concrete, and vibration holes are drilled in it. However, this only partially improves the poor compaction of the lower concrete and significantly increases the structural weight of the joint.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint and its installation method, so as to solve the problem that the existing technology only improves the poor compactness of the concrete pouring at the bottom of the ball joint to a certain extent and greatly increases the structural weight of the ball joint.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] A thin-shell cast swivel ball joint, the thin-shell cast swivel ball joint comprising:

[0009] The upper ball joint is a hollow thin-shell structure integrally cast, and the thickness of the upper ball joint is 40~120mm.

[0010] The lower ball joint is located below the upper ball joint. The lower ball joint is an integrally cast hollow thin-shell structure with a thickness of 40~120mm. Multiple injection holes, vibration holes and venting holes are formed on the top of the ball joint panel.

[0011] Friction sliders, a plurality of the friction sliders are disposed between the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint.

[0012] Furthermore, the friction slide is connected to the lower ball joint, and a slide constraint groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower ball joint, in which the friction slide is installed.

[0013] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent vibratory holes is less than 1m.

[0014] Furthermore, a first mounting hole is formed at the center of the lower ball joint, and a second mounting hole is formed at the center of the upper ball joint. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are used to mount the pin.

[0015] Furthermore, a first circumferential stiffener and a plurality of first radial stiffeners are formed on the lower ball joint. The first radial stiffener is straight, and the plurality of first radial stiffeners are arranged in a divergent manner around the first mounting hole. The first circumferential stiffener is annular, and the first circumferential stiffener is concentric with the first mounting hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the first circumferential stiffener and the first radial stiffener divide the lower ball joint into a plurality of first chambers, and each of the first chambers is provided with at least one injection hole, a vibration hole and an exhaust hole.

[0017] Furthermore, a first connecting hole is formed on the first radial stiffener.

[0018] Furthermore, a second connecting hole is formed on the first circumferential stiffener.

[0019] Furthermore, the diameter of the vent hole is d1, the diameter of the vibrating hole is d2, and the diameter of the injection hole is d3, where d3 > d2 > d1.

[0020] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for installing a thin-shell cast swivel joint, the method being used to install any one of the thin-shell cast swivel joints described in any one of the claims, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Inspect and clean the debris, oil stains and rust in each of the first chambers at the bottom of the lower ball joint, and keep the injection hole, vibration hole and vent hole unobstructed;

[0022] S2. Install the lower ball joint and adjust the center of the lower ball joint to coincide with the center of the bridge rotation.

[0023] S3. Pour concrete into the bottom first chamber of the lower ball hinge through the injection holes. After the injection of each first chamber is completed, insert the vibrator into the vibration hole to vibrate the concrete in sequence.

[0024] S4. Then, pour concrete into one of the first chambers at the bottom of the lower ball joint through the injection hole. After the injection is completed, insert the vibrator into the vibration hole to vibrate the concrete. After one first chamber is poured and vibrated, pour and vibrate the next first chamber until the grout fills each first chamber.

[0025] S5. Clean the residual slurry on the surface of the lower ball joint, install cover plates on the injection hole and vibration hole, and cover the upper part of the lower ball joint with wet burlap for curing.

[0026] S6. After the concrete reaches the predetermined strength, the friction slide, pin and upper ball joint can be installed, and the formwork can be erected to construct the upper foundation.

[0027] The present invention proposes a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint and its installation method. Compared with the prior art, the thin-shell cast rotating ball joint and its installation method of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0028] The present invention discloses a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint and its installation method. The upper and lower ball joints are integrally cast hollow thin-shell structures with a thickness of 40~120mm. Multiple injection holes, vibration holes and venting holes are formed on the top of the ball panel of the lower ball joint. While ensuring that the rotating ball joint meets the structural strength and stiffness requirements, it can not only effectively improve the compactness of the lower concrete and avoid quality defects such as honeycomb and pitting, but also reduce the structural weight. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point I;

[0031] Figure 3 This is one of the bottom view structural schematic diagrams of the lower ball joint of a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a top view of the lower ball joint of a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a top view of the upper ball joint of a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a second bottom view of the lower ball joint of a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower ball joint of a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the upper ball joint of a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. Upper ball joint; 10. Second chamber; 11. Second mounting hole; 12. Second circumferential stiffener; 13. Second radial stiffener; 2. Lower ball joint; 20. First chamber; 21. First mounting hole; 22. First circumferential stiffener; 23. First radial stiffener; 3. Vent hole; 4. Second connecting hole; 5. Friction slide; 6. Injection hole; 7. First connecting hole; 8. Vibration hole; 9. Pin. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the technical means and objectives and effects of the present invention easier to understand, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0040] It should be noted that all directional and positional terms used in this invention, such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "top," "lower," "lateral," "longitudinal," and "center," are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and connections between components in a specific state (as shown in the accompanying drawings). They are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0041] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Existing technologies only improve the compactness of the concrete pouring at the bottom of the ball joint to a certain extent, but also greatly increase the structural weight of the ball joint.

[0046] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this embodiment proposes a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint, such as... Figures 1-8 As shown, the thin-shell cast rotating ball joint includes:

[0047] Upper ball joint 1, wherein the upper ball joint 1 is an integrally cast hollow thin shell structure, and the thickness of the upper ball joint 1 is 40~120mm;

[0048] The lower ball joint 2 is located below the upper ball joint 1. The lower ball joint 2 is an integrally cast hollow thin shell structure. The thickness of the lower ball joint 2 is 40~120mm. Multiple injection holes 6, vibration holes 8 and venting holes 3 are formed on the top of the ball joint 2.

[0049] Friction slides 5, a plurality of friction slides 5 are disposed between the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2.

[0050] The thin-shell cast rotating ball joint described in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] (1) The thin-shell cast rotating ball joint described in this embodiment is a hollow thin-shell structure with the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2 being integrally cast. The thickness of the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2 is 40~120mm. While meeting the requirements of structural strength and stiffness, it can significantly reduce its own structural weight. Compared with the traditional cast rotating ball joint, it can reduce its own weight by 30~40%. The reduction of self-weight is of great significance to the entire rotating structure. It can reduce the requirements of the foundation bearing capacity and reduce the cost and difficulty of foundation construction. It can also eliminate the need for the lower embedded base structure. This not only simplifies the construction process and reduces the construction links and material usage, but also further reduces the weight and cost of the overall structure.

[0052] (2) The present invention provides multiple injection holes 6, vibration holes 8 and venting holes 3 on the top of the ball panel of the lower ball hinge 2, which effectively solves the problem of poor compaction of the concrete in the lower part of the traditional ball hinge and avoids quality defects such as honeycomb and pitting. The injection holes 6 facilitate the injection of concrete and ensure that the concrete can fully fill the space under the ball hinge; the vibration holes 8 facilitate the insertion of a vibrator for vibration operation, making the concrete more uniform and compact and eliminating internal air bubbles; the venting holes 3 can timely discharge the gas generated during the concrete pouring process, avoiding quality defects such as honeycomb and pitting caused by gas retention, thereby significantly improving the pouring quality of the lower concrete.

[0053] The upper ball joint 1 has a thickness of 40~120mm, a diameter of 7~9m, and a load-bearing capacity of 20,000~80,000 tons.

[0054] Furthermore, the thickness of the upper ball joint 1 is 40~120mm. The thickness of the upper ball joint 1 is selected according to the bearing capacity and diameter of the rotating ball joint. The thickness of the upper ball joint 1 can be 40mm, 60mm, or 120mm. No specific limitation is made here.

[0055] Furthermore, the thickness of the lower ball joint 2 is 40~120mm. The thickness of the lower ball joint 2 is selected according to the bearing capacity and diameter of the rotating ball joint. The thickness of the lower ball joint 2 can be 40mm, 60mm, or 120mm, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0056] Furthermore, the thickness of the lower ball joint 2 can be equal to the thickness of the upper ball joint 1, or the thickness of the lower ball joint 2 can be different from the thickness of the upper ball joint 1; no specific limitation is made.

[0057] As a preferred example of the present invention, the thickness of the lower ball joint 2 is equal to the thickness of the upper ball joint 1.

[0058] As an example of the present invention, the upper ball joint 1 has a thickness of 80 mm, the lower ball joint 2 has a thickness of 80 mm, the ball joint diameter is 8 m, and the bearing capacity of the rotating ball joint can reach 50,000 tons.

[0059] This design not only meets the requirements for structural strength and stiffness, but also significantly reduces its own structural weight. Compared with traditional cast swivel joints, it can reduce its weight by 30-40%. The weight reduction is of great significance to the entire swivel structure, as it can reduce the requirements for the foundation's bearing capacity and reduce the cost and difficulty of foundation construction. It can also eliminate the need for a pre-embedded base structure, which not only simplifies the construction process and reduces construction steps and material usage, but also further reduces the overall weight and cost of the structure.

[0060] As a preferred example of the present invention, a plurality of friction slides 5 are arranged in a circumferential manner between the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2.

[0061] This design provides stable and reliable support and guidance for the rotation of the upper ball joint 1, ensuring that the upper ball joint 1 can operate smoothly and stably during rotation, thus meeting the rotational performance requirements of the rotating structure.

[0062] As a preferred example of the present invention, the friction slide 5 is connected to the lower ball joint 2, and a slide constraint groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower ball joint 2, and the friction slide 5 is installed in the slide constraint groove.

[0063] This design provides stable and reliable support and guidance for the rotation of the upper ball joint 1, ensuring that the upper ball joint 1 can operate smoothly and stably during rotation, thus meeting the rotational performance requirements of the rotating structure.

[0064] As a preferred example of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent vibrating holes 8 is less than 1m.

[0065] This layout ensures that during the vibration process, the vibrator's effective range can cover the entire bottom area of ​​the lower ball joint 2, avoiding vibration dead zones and ensuring that all parts of the concrete are fully vibrated. This further improves the compactness and overall quality of the concrete, ensuring that the performance of the concrete under the ball joint meets the design requirements.

[0066] As a preferred example of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent vibrating holes 8 is 0.8m.

[0067] This layout ensures that during the vibration process, the vibrator's effective range can cover the entire bottom area of ​​the lower ball joint 2, avoiding vibration dead zones and ensuring that all parts of the concrete are fully vibrated. This further improves the compactness and overall quality of the concrete, ensuring that the performance of the concrete under the ball joint meets the design requirements.

[0068] As a preferred example of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, a first mounting hole 21 is formed at the center of the lower ball joint 2, such as... Figure 5 As shown, a second mounting hole 11 is formed at the center of the upper ball joint 1. The first mounting hole 21 and the second mounting hole 11 are used to mount the pin 9.

[0069] This arrangement facilitates the installation of pins 9 on the lower ball joint 2 and the upper ball joint 1.

[0070] As a preferred example of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, a first circumferential stiffener 22 and a plurality of first radial stiffeners 23 are formed on the lower ball joint 2. The first radial stiffeners 23 are straight, and the plurality of first radial stiffeners 23 are arranged in a divergent manner around the first mounting hole 21. The first circumferential stiffeners 22 are annular, and the first circumferential stiffeners 22 are concentrically arranged with the first mounting hole 21.

[0071] The arrangement of the first radial stiffener 23 and the first circumferential stiffener 22 can improve the vertical load-bearing capacity. When bearing vertical loads, the first radial stiffener 23 and the first circumferential stiffener 22 can disperse stress and transfer the load to a larger area, thereby enhancing the overall load-bearing performance of the ball joint and ensuring that the ball joint can operate safely and reliably in complex engineering environments.

[0072] Furthermore, the first circumferential stiffener 22 and the first radial stiffener 23 are not specifically defined.

[0073] As a preferred example of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the first circumferential stiffener 22 and the first radial stiffener 23 divide the lower ball joint 2 into a plurality of first chambers 20, and each of the first chambers 20 is provided with at least one injection hole 6, a vibration hole 8 and an exhaust hole 3.

[0074] This design offers significant advantages, including optimizing concrete pouring quality, enhancing structural strength and durability, and ensuring construction safety. The first circumferential stiffener 22 and the first radial stiffener 23 divide the lower ball joint 2 into multiple first chambers 20, forming a honeycomb-like structure. This design disperses stress concentration, improves the overall structure's shear and bending resistance, and enhances stability, especially under complex loads, through the synergistic effect of the multiple chambers.

[0075] Air bubble control at vent 3: Vent 3 can promptly remove air bubbles generated during concrete pouring, preventing structural loosening or corrosion channels caused by residual air bubbles. Reducing air bubbles also lowers stress concentration within the concrete, extending the structural service life.

[0076] As a preferred example of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, a first connecting hole 7 is formed on the first radial stiffener 23.

[0077] This design allows for the flow of grout and air between the various first chambers 20 on the lower ball joint 2 during the pouring process. The flow of grout helps the concrete to be distributed and filled more evenly, avoiding strength differences caused by uneven grout distribution. The flow of air can promptly expel internal gases, preventing air pressure issues from affecting the quality of concrete pouring, thereby comprehensively improving the quality of concrete pouring.

[0078] As a preferred example of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, a second connecting hole 4 is formed on the first circumferential stiffener 22.

[0079] This design is more conducive to the flow of slurry and air between the various first chambers 20 on the lower ball joint 2 during the pouring process, thereby further improving the quality of concrete pouring.

[0080] As a preferred example of the present invention, the diameter of the vent hole 3 is d1, the diameter of the vibrating hole 8 is d2, and the diameter of the injection hole 6 is d3, where d3 > d2 > d1.

[0081] The design of these orifice sizes is determined based on the function and usage requirements of each orifice. Injection hole 6 requires a larger diameter to ensure rapid and smooth concrete injection; vibratory hole 8 has a moderate diameter for easy insertion and operation of the vibrator; venting hole 3 has a relatively small diameter to meet the need for gas venting while preventing concrete slurry leakage. This rational orifice size design improves the efficiency of each orifice and ensures the quality of concrete pouring.

[0082] As a preferred example of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, a second circumferential stiffener 12 and a plurality of second radial stiffeners 13 are formed on the upper ball joint 1. The second radial stiffeners 13 are straight, and the plurality of second radial stiffeners 13 are arranged in a divergent manner around the second mounting hole 11. The second circumferential stiffener 12 is annular, and the second circumferential stiffener 12 is concentrically arranged with the second mounting hole 11.

[0083] The second circumferential stiffener 12 and the second radial stiffener 13 can further improve the vertical load-bearing capacity. When bearing vertical loads, the second circumferential stiffener 12 and the second radial stiffener 13 can disperse stress and transfer the load to a larger area, thereby enhancing the overall load-bearing performance of the ball joint and ensuring that the ball joint can operate safely and reliably in complex engineering environments.

[0084] Furthermore, the second circumferential stiffener 12 and the second radial stiffener 13 are not specifically defined.

[0085] As a preferred example of the present invention, the second circumferential stiffener 12 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the first circumferential stiffener 22, and the second radial stiffener 13 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the first radial stiffener 23.

[0086] This configuration can further improve the vertical load-bearing capacity, thereby enhancing the overall load-bearing performance of the ball joint and ensuring its safe and reliable operation in complex engineering environments.

[0087] As a preferred example of the present invention, the second circumferential stiffener 12 and the second radial stiffener 13 divide the upper ball joint 2 into a plurality of second chambers 10.

[0088] This design can further reduce the structural weight of the swivel joint, and improve the structural strength and durability. The first circumferential stiffener 22 and the first radial stiffener 23 divide the lower swivel joint 2 into multiple first chambers 20, forming a honeycomb-like structure. This design can disperse stress concentration and improve the overall structure's shear and bending resistance. Especially when subjected to complex loads, it can enhance stability through the synergistic effect of multiple chambers.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] In this embodiment, unlike in embodiment 1, the thickness of the upper ball joint 1 is 120mm, the thickness of the lower ball joint 2 is 120mm, and the load-bearing capacity of the rotating ball joint can reach 80,000 tons.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] In this embodiment, unlike in embodiment 1, the thickness of the upper ball joint 1 is 40mm, the thickness of the lower ball joint 2 is 40mm, and the load-bearing capacity of the rotating ball joint can reach 20,000 tons.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] This embodiment proposes an installation method for a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint. The installation method is used to install a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint as described in any one of Embodiments 1, 2, or 3. The installation method includes the following steps:

[0095] S1. Inspect and clean the debris, oil stains and rust in the first chamber 20 of the lower part of the ball joint 2, and keep the injection hole 6, vibration hole 8 and vent hole 3 unobstructed.

[0096] S2. Install the lower ball joint 2, adjust the center of the lower ball joint 2 to coincide with the center of the bridge rotation, ensure that the top surface of the lower ball joint 2 is consistent with the design elevation, and that the top surface of the lower ball joint 2 is horizontal with a height difference of less than 3m and a height difference of less than 3mm between the highest and lowest points of the top surface of the lower ball joint 2.

[0097] S3. Concrete is poured into the first chamber 20 at the bottom of the lower ball hinge 2 through the injection hole 6. After the injection of each first chamber 20 is completed, the vibrator is inserted into the vibration hole 8 to vibrate the concrete in sequence.

[0098] S4. Then, pour concrete into a first chamber 20 at the bottom of the lower ball hinge 2 through the injection hole 6. After the injection is completed, insert the vibrator into the vibration hole 8 to vibrate the concrete. After the first chamber 20 is poured and vibrated, pour and vibrate the next first chamber 20 until the grout fills each first chamber 20.

[0099] S5. Clean the residual slurry on the surface of the lower ball joint 2, install cover plates on the injection hole 6 and the vibration hole 8, and cover the upper part of the lower ball joint 2 with wet burlap for curing.

[0100] S6. After the concrete reaches the predetermined strength, the friction sliding plate 5, pin 9 and upper ball hinge 1 can be installed, and the formwork can be erected to construct the upper foundation.

[0101] This embodiment proposes a scientific and reasonable installation method for a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint. Steps S1 to S6 are interconnected and inseparable. The proposed installation method has clear steps, starting with step S1, which involves checking and cleaning debris, oil, and rust from the first chamber 20 at the bottom of the lower ball joint 2 to ensure that the injection hole 6, vibration hole 8, and vent hole 3 are unobstructed, preparing for subsequent concrete pouring. In step S2, when installing the lower ball joint 2, its center is precisely adjusted to coincide with the center of the bridge rotation, ensuring that the top surface of the lower ball joint 2 is consistent with the design elevation and level, with a height difference of less than 3mm, ensuring the installation accuracy of the ball joint. Then, in step S3, concrete is poured into the first chamber 20 at the bottom of the lower ball joint 2 through the injection hole 6. After the injection of each first chamber 20 is completed, a vibrator is inserted into the vibration hole 8 to vibrate the concrete in sequence, ensuring the compactness of the bottom chamber and eliminating air bubbles and voids. At this point, the individual first chambers 20 are no longer connected. Then, in step S4, concrete is poured into one of the first chambers 20 at the bottom of the lower ball hinge 2 through the injection hole 6. After injection, a vibrator is inserted into the vibration hole 8 to vibrate the concrete. Once one first chamber 20 is poured and vibrated, the next first chamber 20 is poured and vibrated until the grout fills each first chamber 20. Vibration again before the concrete initially sets breaks down the water film layer, promotes cement hydration, significantly increases concrete strength, reduces cracking and seepage risks, and improves the structure's impermeability and integrity. Then, in step S5, the residual slurry on the surface of the lower ball joint 2 is cleaned, and cover plates are installed on the injection hole 6 and the vibration hole 8. The upper part of the lower ball joint 2 is covered with wet burlap for curing. Curing can ensure that the concrete hardens in a suitable environment and improve the strength and durability of the concrete. Finally, in step S6, after the concrete reaches the predetermined strength, the friction slide 5, the pin 9 and the upper ball joint 1 can be installed. The formwork is built to construct the upper foundation, ensuring the installation sequence and construction quality of the entire rotating structure.

[0102] As a preferred example of the present invention, when concrete is poured through the injection hole 6, grout is injected from the outer circumference of the lower ball joint 2, and the grout flows from the outside to the inside of the lower ball joint 2 by gravity and external vibration.

[0103] This pouring method utilizes gravity to allow the concrete to fill the space below the lower spherical hinge 2 more evenly. Combined with external vibration, it further improves the compactness of the concrete and ensures the quality of the concrete pouring.

[0104] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A thin-shell cast rotating ball joint, characterized in that, The thin-shell cast rotating ball joint includes: Upper ball joint (1), the upper ball joint (1) is an integrally cast hollow thin shell structure, the thickness of the upper ball joint (1) is 40~120mm; The lower ball joint (2) is located below the upper ball joint (1). The lower ball joint (2) is an integrally cast hollow thin shell structure. The thickness of the lower ball joint (2) is 40~120mm. Multiple injection holes (6), vibration holes (8) and venting holes (3) are formed on the top of the ball panel of the lower ball joint (2). Friction slides (5), a plurality of the friction slides (5) are disposed between the upper ball joint (1) and the lower ball joint (2).

2. The thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction slide (5) is connected to the lower ball joint (2), and a slide constraint groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower ball joint (2). The friction slide (5) is installed in the slide constraint groove.

3. The thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent vibrating holes (8) is less than 1m.

4. A thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first mounting hole (21) is formed at the center of the lower ball joint (2), and a second mounting hole (11) is formed at the center of the upper ball joint (1). The first mounting hole (21) and the second mounting hole (11) are used to install the pin (9).

5. A thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first circumferential stiffener (22) and a plurality of first radial stiffeners (23) are formed on the lower ball joint (2). The first radial stiffeners (23) are straight. The plurality of first radial stiffeners (23) are arranged in a divergent manner around the first mounting hole (21). The first circumferential stiffeners (22) are circular. The first circumferential stiffeners (22) are concentrically arranged with the first mounting hole (21).

6. A thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first circumferential stiffener (22) and the first radial stiffener (23) divide the lower ball joint (2) into a plurality of first chambers (20), and each first chamber (20) is provided with at least one injection hole (6), a vibration hole (8) and an exhaust hole (3).

7. A thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first connecting hole (7) is formed on the first radial stiffener (23).

8. A thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second connecting hole (4) is formed on the first circumferential stiffener (22).

9. A thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the vent hole (3) is d1, the diameter of the vibrating hole (8) is d2, and the diameter of the injection hole (6) is d3, where d3 > d2 > d1.

10. A method for installing a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint, characterized in that, The installation method is used to install a thin-shell cast rotating ball joint according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the installation method includes the following steps: S1. Inspect and clean the debris, oil stains and rust in each of the first chambers (20) at the bottom of the lower ball joint (2), and keep the injection hole (6), vibration hole (8) and vent hole (3) unobstructed; S2. Install the lower ball joint (2) and adjust the center of the lower ball joint (2) to coincide with the center of the bridge rotation. S3. Concrete is poured into the first chamber (20) at the bottom of the lower ball hinge (2) through the injection hole (6). After the injection of each first chamber (20) is completed, the vibrator is inserted into the vibration hole (8) to vibrate the concrete in sequence. S4. Then, pour concrete into a first chamber (20) at the bottom of the lower ball joint (2) through the injection hole (6). After the injection is completed, insert the vibrator into the vibration hole (8) to vibrate the concrete. After the first chamber (20) is poured and vibrated, pour and vibrate the next first chamber (20) until the grout fills each first chamber (20). S5. Clean the residual slurry on the surface of the lower ball joint (2), install cover plates on the injection hole (6) and the vibration hole (8), and cover the upper part of the lower ball joint (2) with wet burlap for curing. S6. After the concrete reaches the predetermined strength, the friction slide (5), pin (9) and upper ball joint (1) can be installed, and the formwork can be built to construct the upper foundation.

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