Fluid coupling element and fluid coupler

Abstract

A fluid coupling element (1) comprising: a body (2); a locking ball (3); a locking ring (5) slidably cooperating with the body (2) and having an inner radial covering surface (51) to hold and release the locking ball (3); the gasket (7) is used for guiding the locking ring (5) to slide and is arranged between the main body (2) and the locking ring (5); a spring (63) is interposed between the body (2) and the washer (7) to push back the lock ring (5) through the rear surface (57). The minimum inner diameter (D53) of the locking ring (5) behind the rear surface (57) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter (D72) of the gasket (7). The inner diameter (D71) of the gasket (7) is strictly smaller than the diameter (D51) of the inner radial covering surface (51).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fluid coupling element and a fluid coupler comprising such a fluid coupling element. Background Technology

[0002] US4988129A discloses a coupler comprising a male element and a female element. The female element includes a cylindrical body for inserting the male element, and a locking ball carried by the cylindrical body. A locking sleeve is mounted on the exterior of the cylindrical body. A helical spring is disposed between a retaining member belonging to the cylindrical body and an inner flange belonging to the locking sleeve. The locking sleeve is used to retain and release the locking ball, depending on its position.

[0003] The locking ring is mounted from the front of the cylindrical body and guided radially on the cylindrical body by a radial fit. It has a first outer radial surface at the front of the body that radially fits with the flange surface of the ring, which also serves to hold the ball for locking in the locked position. It also has a second outer radial surface at the rear of the body that radially fits with the inner radial surface of the ring, which is located behind the spring.

[0004] These arrangements impose limitations on the dimensions of the female element. In fact, the minimum internal radial dimension of the locking sleeve determines the diameter of the first external radial surface at the front of the cylindrical body that guides the locking sleeve. The support of the spring on the locking sleeve determines the diameter of the second external radial surface behind the spring that serves as a guide.

[0005] Therefore, even if the material used for the front of the cylindrical body reduces the radial thickness of the body portion, it will not reduce the radial compactness of the female coupling element. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the objectives of this invention is to propose a novel fluid coupling element that, while maintaining a simple structure, is particularly compact in both the radial and longitudinal directions, allows for a larger fluid channel within the same volume, and enables the locking ring to be effectively guided radially on the body without jamming, especially in dusty environments.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a fluid coupling element, comprising:

[0008] - A body, centered on a longitudinal axis, defines an internal conduit and is used to connect to a pipeline, the internal conduit protruding from the opening of the body along a front longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, the body being configured to accommodate complementary fluid coupling elements inserted into the internal conduit via the opening along a rear longitudinal direction opposite to the front longitudinal direction;

[0009] - The locking ball can move between the following positions within the housing of the main body:

[0010] • Internal radial locking position, wherein, in the coupling configuration of the fluid coupling element and the complementary fluid coupling element, the locking ball protrudes into the internal channel to prevent the complementary fluid coupling element from exiting the internal channel, and

[0011] • External radial unlock position, wherein the locking ball does not prevent the complementary fluid coupling element from exiting the body;

[0012] - A locking ring, the shape of the body and the locking ring being such that the locking ring is fitted around the body via the opening along the rear longitudinal direction, thereby the locking ring being slidably mounted relative to the body along the longitudinal axis between the following positions:

[0013] • Forward holding position, wherein the inner radial covering surface of the locking ring can engage with the locking ball to hold the locking ball in the inner radial locked position, and the minimum inner diameter of the locking ring behind the inner radial covering surface is strictly greater than the diameter of the inner radial covering surface, and

[0014] • Retracted release position, wherein the locking ring does not prevent the locking ball from moving radially outward to the unlocked position; and

[0015] - A spring is mounted around the body and is capable of pushing the locking ring back to the forward holding position.

[0016] According to the present invention:

[0017] - The fluid coupling element further includes a washer radially positioned between the body and the locking ring, and a spring longitudinally positioned between the body and the washer, while the washer is capable of abutting against the rear surface of the locking ring along the front longitudinal direction to push the locking ring back to the forward holding position;

[0018] - The minimum inner diameter of the locking ring behind the rear surface is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the washer;

[0019] - The inner diameter of the washer is strictly smaller than the diameter of the inner radial covering surface of the locking ring;

[0020] -In all longitudinal positions of the locking ring relative to the body between the forward holding position and the retracting release position:

[0021] The washer is capable of radially engaging with the first inner radial surface of the locking ring and the first outer radial surface of the body to radially guide the locking ring relative to the body.

[0022] • The locking ring can radially engage with the second outer radial surface of the body to guide the locking ring radially relative to the body, wherein the diameter of the second outer radial surface is strictly larger than the diameter of the first outer radial surface;

[0023] - The main body integrally forms the opening, the receiving housing, and the second external radial surface; and

[0024] - The first inner radial surface and the rear surface define an inner countersunk hole for receiving the lock ring, the inner countersunk hole being arranged relative to the second outer radial surface along the front longitudinal direction and relative to the locking ball along the rear longitudinal direction.

[0025] A fundamental concept of this invention is that by providing a washer that mates with the locking ring, the spring can be positioned radially closer to the internal conduit, while the inner diameter of the internal conduit remains otherwise unchanged. Radial compactness is improved. This also allows the locking ring to be installed by fitting it around the body longitudinally via an opening, with the locking ball already installed in the housing. Pre-installing the locking ball avoids the need to increase the spring length, which is necessary after the locking ring is installed to allow it to pass over the housing and accommodate the locking ball. Longitudinal compactness and ergonomics are improved. This also limits the spring force.

[0026] According to other advantageous aspects of the invention, the invention includes one or more of the following features, which may be employed individually or in any technically possible combination:

[0027] - The washer is a closed annular ring, and the shapes of the washer and the body are such that the washer is fitted around the body via the opening along the rear longitudinal direction.

[0028] - The locking ring includes an internal radial clearance wall with an inner diameter that is strictly larger than the diameter of the first internal radial surface and is arranged along the rear longitudinal direction relative to the internal countersunk hole; the longitudinal length of the internal radial clearance wall is greater than the longitudinal length of the internal countersunk hole.

[0029] - The locking ring includes a second inner radial surface by means of which the locking ring radially engages with the second outer radial surface; the diameters of the first inner radial surface and the second inner radial surface are equal; the inner radial clearance wall is arranged parallel to the rear longitudinal direction between the first inner radial surface and the second inner radial surface.

[0030] - The radial height of the internal countersunk hole is between 0.3 and 0.6 times the maximum radial height of the washer.

[0031] - The internal radial covering surface extends longitudinally into the internal countersunk hole.

[0032] - The washer has a rectangular outer cross section with chamfered edges on all four sides.

[0033] - The maximum radial height of the washer is greater than or equal to the maximum longitudinal length of the washer.

[0034] - The radial thickness of the main body at the housing is 0.5 to 0.6 times the diameter of the locking ball.

[0035] - The gasket is removably housed in the internal countersunk hole.

[0036] - The maximum radial height of the washer is greater than or equal to the radial height of the spring.

[0037] The fluid coupling element further includes a valve and a sealing gasket, which are longitudinally arranged in a groove in the body at a height of the second outer radial surface. When the fluid coupling element is in a non-coupled configuration, the sealing gasket is configured to cooperate with the valve.

[0038] The present invention also relates to a fluid coupler comprising the fluid coupling element as described above; and the complementary fluid coupling element comprising a complementary body having a locking groove configured to receive the locking ball when the fluid coupler is in a coupling configuration.

[0039] According to other advantageous aspects of the invention, the invention includes one or more of the following features, which may be employed individually or in any technically possible combination:

[0040] - The complementary body includes a stepped outer surface; the body includes a stepped inner surface defining the internal conduit; the stepped outer surface and the stepped inner surface are configured to cooperate by means of shape complementarity during insertion of the complementary fluid coupling element into the internal conduit.

[0041] The fluid coupling element further includes a sleeve mounted around the body and the locking ring, and includes longitudinal fixation to a front end of the locking ring and a rear end of the body, the sleeve elastically deforming when the locking ring shifts between the forward holding position and the backward release position; the complementary fluid coupling element includes a sealing gasket supported by an outer surface of the complementary body; and the locking ring includes a front surface that longitudinally engages with the sealing gasket of the complementary fluid coupling element when the fluid coupler is in the coupling configuration. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The present invention will be more clearly demonstrated by the following description, which is given by way of non-limiting example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0043] [ Figure 1 ] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of a fluid coupler according to a first embodiment of the present invention, including a fluid coupling element and complementary fluid coupling elements, shown in a non-coupled configuration.

[0044] [ Figure 2 ] Figure 2 Including view A), which is similar to Figure 1 A) is a cross-sectional view of the fluid coupler in the coupling process, and B) is a cross-sectional view of the coupler according to section line IIb-IIb shown in view A), wherein the fluid coupler is in the coupling configuration. View B) also shows section line IIb. Figure 1 sectional view and Figure 2 View A) is drawn based on this section line.

[0045] [ Figure 3 ] Figure 3 Including view A), which shows at a larger scale Figure 1 Details of box II, and view B), which is similar to Figure 1 The cross-sectional view shows a portion of the fluid coupling element in the aforementioned figure.

[0046] [ Figure 4 ] Figure 4 This is an exploded perspective view of the fluid coupling element in the aforementioned figure.

[0047] [ Figure 5 ] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal sectional view of a fluid coupler according to a second embodiment of the present invention, including a fluid coupling element and complementary fluid coupling elements, shown in a non-coupled configuration.

[0048] [ Figure 6 ] Figure 6Including view A), which is similar to Figure 5 A) is a cross-sectional view of the fluid coupler in the coupling process, and B) is a cross-sectional view of the coupler according to the section line VIb-VIb shown in view A), in which the fluid coupler is in the coupling configuration. View B) also shows the section line VV. Figure 5 sectional view and Figure 6 View A) is drawn based on this section line.

[0049] [ Figure 7 ] Figure 7 The view includes view A), which is a longitudinal sectional view of the fluid coupling element according to the third embodiment of the present invention, shown in a non-coupled configuration; view B), which shows the details of view A) according to block VII at a larger scale; and view C), which is an exploded perspective view of the fluid coupling element of views A) and B). Detailed Implementation

[0050] Figures 1 to 4 A fluid coupler according to a first embodiment is shown.

[0051] The fluid coupler includes a fluid coupling element 1 and a complementary fluid coupling element 80 for conveying fluid, preferably at a pressure between 10 and 16 bar. The fluid is, in particular, a cooling fluid. The fluid coupler is particularly suitable for installation on rail vehicles, especially outdoors.

[0052] The complementary fluid coupling element 80 includes a body 81, referred to as the "complementary body". The complementary body 81 is tubular. The complementary body 81 is centered on the longitudinal axis X81.

[0053] The complementary body 81 is penetrated by an internal conduit 86 along an axis X81 from one end to the other, defining the internal conduit 86. The complementary body 81 preferably includes a proximal portion 82 and a distal portion 83, which are integral with each other (e.g., by threaded connection) and successively define the internal conduit 86 along the axis X81. The complementary fluid coupling element 80 preferably includes a sealing gasket 84 placed between the proximal portion 82 and the distal portion 83 to ensure a fluid seal between the internal conduit 86 and the outside at the junction of portions 82 and 83. The proximal portion 82 is connected to a conduit 85 and is in fluid communication with the internal conduit 86 through the distal portion 83 for fluid transport.

[0054] The complementary fluid coupling element 80 preferably includes a valve 87 that can be positioned along the longitudinal axis X81 in the internal conduit 86. Figure 1 The forward and closed positions shown are Figure 2The valve 87 moves between the retracted open position shown in View B). In the forward position, the valve 87 closes the internal conduit 86 by cooperating with a valve seat 88 of the complementary body 81 (preferably the distal portion 83). A sealing gasket 89 (carried here by the valve 87, but may also be carried by the valve seat 88) ensures this fluid seal between the internal conduit 86 and the exterior of the complementary fluid coupling element 80. In the retracted position, the valve 87 is offset relative to the valve seat 88, thereby opening the internal conduit 86 so that fluid can flow in or out of the external part of the internal conduit 86 through the distal portion 83.

[0055] The complementary fluid coupling element 80 preferably includes a spring 90 that applies a restoring force to the valve 87 by pressing against the complementary body 81 to push the valve 87 back to its forward closed position, especially when the valve 87 is in the retracted open position.

[0056] The distal portion 83 of the complementary body 81 forms the front end of the complementary body 81, opposite the proximal portion 82 along the longitudinal axis X81. At the front end, the distal portion 83 preferably forms a stepped outer surface 91. "Stepped" means, for example, that the stepped outer surface 91 forms a series of external cylindrical surface portions along the longitudinal axis X81, whose diameter gradually decreases until reaching the front end of the body. For example, the stepped outer surface 91 successively includes an external radial surface 92 and an external radial surface 93, where the diameter of surface 92 is smaller than the diameter of surface 93.

[0057] The complementary body 81 (preferably the distal portion 83) preferably includes an external locking groove 94 disposed from the outer radial surface 93. The groove 94 is preferably disposed between the stepped outer surface 91 and the proximal portion 82.

[0058] The complementary coupling element 80 preferably includes an O-ring type elastomeric sealing gasket 95, carried by the outer surface of the complementary body 81 (e.g., by the outer radial wall 96 of the proximal portion 82). The gasket 95 and the outer radial wall 96 are disposed between the groove 94 and the rear end of the complementary body 81 opposite the front end.

[0059] The fluid coupling element 1 includes a body 2. The body 2 is tubular and centered on the central longitudinal axis X2.

[0060] In this specification, unless otherwise stated, terms such as "axial," "longitudinal," "radial," and "circumferential" related to the fluid coupling element 1 are defined relative to the axis X2. A front longitudinal direction AV2, parallel to the axis X2, is defined, pointing from the coupling element 1 towards the complementary coupling element 80 to be coupled. A rear longitudinal direction AR2, in the opposite direction, is defined. When referring to the coupling element 1, terms such as "front" and "distal" refer to the front longitudinal direction AV2. When referring to the coupling element 1, terms such as "rear" and "proximal" refer to the rear longitudinal direction AR2.

[0061] The radial direction is defined as the direction orthogonal to and intersecting with the longitudinal axis X2; in other words, it is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X2. A radial surface is a cylindrical surface extending around the longitudinal axis. For a given element, the term "inner" means "towards the longitudinal axis according to the radial direction of the element," and the term "outer" means "towards the direction opposite to the longitudinal axis according to the radial direction of the element."

[0062] When the foregoing descriptions refer to complementary fluid coupling elements 80, they are defined relative to axis X81 rather than axis X2, unless otherwise stated. The front and rear portions of the complementary fluid coupling elements 80 are oriented along directions AR2 and AV2, respectively.

[0063] The body 2 of the coupling element 1 is penetrated by an internal conduit 20 along axis X2 from one end to the other. The body 2 defines the internal conduit 20. Preferably, the body 2 includes a distal portion 22 and a proximal portion 23, which are distinct and integral with each other (e.g., by threaded connection). The proximal portion 23 is located in the rear longitudinal direction AR2 relative to the distal portion 22. The fluid coupling element 1 preferably includes a sealing gasket 24 placed between the distal portion 22 and the proximal portion 23 to ensure a fluid seal between the internal conduit 20 and the outside at the connection of portions 22 and 23. The proximal portion 23 includes a rear end by which it is connected to a conduit 12, thereby securing the conduit 12 and the body 2 along the longitudinal axis X2. Thus, the conduit 12 is in fluid communication with the internal conduit 20 through the proximal portion 23 for fluid transport.

[0064] The main body 2, particularly the distal portion 22, forms an opening 21 that defines the front end of the internal conduit 20. The internal conduit 20 protrudes from the opening in the main body 2 at the opening 21 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2. Figure 2As shown, the main body 2 is configured to accommodate a complementary coupling element 80, and more particularly a complementary body 81, which is inserted into the internal conduit 20 via an opening 21. During coupling of the coupling elements 1 and 80, the complementary element 80, more specifically the distal portion 83, is inserted into the internal conduit 20 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2 via the opening 21. During disengagement of the coupling elements 1 and 80, the complementary element 80 is withdrawn from the internal conduit 20 along the front longitudinal direction AV2 via the opening 21.

[0065] The fluid coupling element 1 also includes a locking ball 3.

[0066] The main body 2 includes a receiving housing 28 formed by a distal portion 22. Each locking ball 3 is received in one of the receiving housings 28. The distal portion 22 integrally forms the receiving housing 28 and the opening 21; in other words, a continuous component simultaneously forms the housing 28 and the opening 21. The housings 28 are regularly distributed around an axis X2. Each housing 28 extends radially through the distal portion 22.

[0067] Each locking ball 3 is movable relative to the body 2 and is guided by the housing 28 that houses the ball 3. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The internal radial locking position shown in view B) is the same as... Figure 2 The ball 3 moves between the external radial unlocking positions shown in view A). Preferably, the ball 3 moves radially only within the housing 28.

[0068] In the internal radial locking position, ball 3 protrudes radially from opening 21 into internal pipe 20. For example... Figure 2 As shown in View B), when the complementary fluid coupling element 80 is inserted into the inner conduit 20 and the ball 3 is held in the inner radial locking position, the ball 3 prevents the complementary fluid coupling element 80 from exiting the inner conduit 20. For this purpose, each ball 3 is accommodated in the outer locking groove 94 of the complementary element 80. In this configuration, the coupler is in a coupled configuration.

[0069] In the external radial unlocked position, ball 3 does not prevent the complementary fluid coupling element 80 from exiting the fluid coupling element 1. For example... Figure 2 As shown in View A), the ball 3 does indeed retract radially outward so as not to engage with the external locking groove 94, thereby allowing the complementary body 81 to slide in the internal conduit 20 for insertion and withdrawal of the complementary element 80 during coupling and disengagement.

[0070] like Figure 1As shown, when the complementary element 80 is not inserted, the coupler or fluid coupling element 1 is in a non-coupled configuration. Although each housing 28 preferably presents a cylindrical cross-section with a circular base, each housing 28 preferably presents a narrowing at its inner radial end to form an internal stop that restricts the inward radial movement of the ball 3, thereby preventing the ball 3 from escaping inward into the internal conduit 20 in the non-coupled configuration.

[0071] The distal portion 22 includes a cylindrical inner radial surface 26 and a cylindrical outer radial surface 29, each extending along the rear longitudinal direction AR2 from the front surface 30 of the body 2, which forms the front end of the body 2 at the opening 21. The receiving housing 28 opens radially outward on the outer radial surface 29 and radially inward on the inner radial surface 26. Therefore, the walls of each housing 28 have the same radial height over the entire circumference of the housing 28.

[0072] In the internal radial locking position, ball 3 protrudes radially not only from the internal radial surface 26 of the distal portion 22 but also from the external radial surface 29. In the external radial unlocking position, ball 3 protrudes radially from the external radial surface 29 of the distal portion 22, but preferably not from the internal radial surface 26.

[0073] The difference between the diameter D29 of the outer radial surface 29 and the diameter D26 of the inner radial surface 26 of the distal portion 22 is equal to 0.5 to 0.6 times the diameter D3 of the locking ball 3. In other words, the radial thickness of the distal portion 22 at the housing 28 (which is equal to the radial height of each wall of the housing 28) is less than the radial thickness of the ball 3, measured to be 0.5 to 0.6 times the diameter D3 of the ball 3. Therefore, in the outer radial unlock position, the ball 3 protrudes radially outward from the outer radial surface 29 by 0.5 to 0.4 times the diameter D3 of the ball 3. Thus, the body 2 is compressed radially relative to the prior art, while ensuring that the housing 28 provides sufficient guidance for the displacement of the ball 3 between the outer radial unlock position and the inner radial locking position.

[0074] Along the direction AR2 from the opening 21, the internal conduit 20 is defined by a stepped inner surface 25 belonging to the body 2. Preferably, the stepped inner surface 25 belongs to the distal portion 22. "Stepped" means, for example, that the stepped inner surface 25 forms a series of internal radial surface portions along the longitudinal axis X2, the diameter of which gradually decreases along the rear longitudinal direction AR2. For example, the stepped inner surface 25 successively includes an internal radial surface 26 and an internal radial surface 27, the diameter D26 of the internal radial surface 26 being larger than the diameter of the internal radial surface 27.

[0075] The stepped outer surface 91 of the complementary body 81 and the stepped inner surface 25 of the body 2 are configured to engage by complementary shapes during the insertion of the complementary fluid coupling element 80 into the inner conduit 20 via the opening 21, thereby guiding the complementary fluid coupling element 80 into the inner conduit 20 without jamming. Specifically, the diameter of the inner radial surface 27 corresponds to the diameter of the outer radial surface 92, and the diameter of the inner radial surface 26 corresponds to the diameter of the outer radial surface 93.

[0076] The body 2 of the coupling element 1 also preferably includes a central piston 31, which is mounted in the internal conduit 20. The central piston 31 forms part of the body 2 because it is held between the proximal portion 23 and the distal portion 22; in other words, it is axially integral with the distal and proximal portions 22 and 23. For this purpose, the piston 31 preferably includes a rear base 39, which is axially held between the distal portion 22 and the proximal portion 23.

[0077] The coupling element 1 also preferably includes a valve 40 installed in the internal conduit 20. When the central piston 31 is provided, the valve 40 is annular. The valve 40 is movable relative to the body 2 along the axis X2. Figure 1 The forward and closed positions shown are Figure 2 The valve 40 moves between the retracted open position shown in view B), which is located longitudinally AR2 relative to the forward position. In the uncoupled configuration, valve 40 is in the forward position. In the coupled configuration, valve 40 is in the retracted position.

[0078] In the forward closed position, valve 40 abuts against body 2 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2, for example, against distal portion 22. In the forward position, valve 40 radially engages with body 2 (here, distal portion 22) externally. To ensure a tight seal in this engagement, coupling element 1 preferably includes an O-ring type elastomeric sealing gasket 32, which is carried by distal portion 22 within internal conduit 20 and engages with by means of this sealing gasket. Preferably, sealing gasket 32 ​​is disposed in a groove 32' on internal radial surface 27.

[0079] In the forward position, if valve 40 is annular, it radially engages with piston 31 internally. To ensure a tight seal, coupling element 1 preferably includes a sealing gasket 33, which is carried by piston 31 and engages with the piston. In the uncoupled configuration, valve 40 thereby closes the internal conduit 20.

[0080] In the retracted position, valve 40 is offset backward relative to its forward position. In the retracted position, valve 40 no longer engages with distal portion 22, and if valve 40 is annular, no longer engages with piston 31. Specifically, valve 40 no longer engages with gasket 32, and if valve 40 is annular, no longer engages with gasket 24. The internal conduit 20 is now open, allowing fluid to pass through.

[0081] The coupling element 1 preferably includes a spring 41 that applies a restoring force to the valve 40 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2, preferably by pressing against the body 2, and more specifically against the piston 31, to push the valve 40 back to the forward position, especially when the valve 40 is in the retracted position. The spring 41 is preferably disposed in the internal conduit 20, located behind the valve 40.

[0082] The distal portion 22 also includes an outer radial surface 34 and a shoulder 35, which defines the outer radial surface 34 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2 and the outer radial surface 29 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2. The diameter D34 of the outer radial surface 34 is strictly larger than the diameter D29 of the outer radial surface 29.

[0083] Preferably, the sealing gasket 32 ​​and the outer radial surface 34 are disposed at the same longitudinal level; in other words, they are at the same height along axis X2. Besides its engagement with valve 40 in the aforementioned uncoupled configuration, the sealing gasket 32 ​​is preferably used to engage with complementary body 81 during coupling and in the coupled configuration, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0084] Preferably, the distal portion 22 is integral, at least integrally forming surfaces 26, 27, 29, 30 and 34, opening 21 and housing 28.

[0085] Preferably, the length L22 of the distal portion 22 at the front of the housing 28 is less than the diameter D3 of the sphere 3, and is preferably measured to be 0.5 to 0.7 times the diameter D3 of the sphere 3. The length L22 is the shortest length measured from the surface 30 to the housing 28 parallel to the axis X2.

[0086] The coupling element 1 includes a locking ring 5. The locking ring 5 is slidably mounted around the distal portion 22 of the body 2, located in a forward holding position along axis X2. Figure 1 and Figure 2 (as shown in View B) and the back release position ( Figure 2 As shown in View A), the reversing release position is located in the rear longitudinal direction AR2 relative to the forward hold position.

[0087] The locking ring 5 is a single piece and includes the front part 59.

[0088] Preferably, in the uncoupled configuration, the front portion 59 of the ring protrudes partially from the body 2 (especially from the distal portion 22) along the forward longitudinal direction AV2. Due to this arrangement, the ring 5 protects the body 2 in the uncoupled configuration.

[0089] The front portion 59 preferably includes an internally inclined front surface 66, which mates at least longitudinally with the washer 95 when the coupler is in a coupled configuration. Figure 2 As shown in View B). This fit forms a sealing barrier between the coupler and the outside in the coupled configuration, thus preventing dust from entering the interior of ring 5 in the coupled configuration. In the uncoupled configuration, gasket 95 no longer mates with the inclined front surface 66, therefore the seal fails.

[0090] The front portion 59 of the locking ring 5 defines an internal receiving cavity 52, which, when the ring 5 is in the retracted release position, is axially located at the height of the housing 28 and is used to receive the locking ball 3, such as... Figure 2 As shown in view A). The internal receiving cavity 52 is arranged in the rear longitudinal direction AR2 relative to the inclined front surface 66 (if such a surface is provided). When the locking ring 5 is in the retracted release position, the ring 5 does not prevent the ball 3 from moving to the outer radial unlock position, and the ball 3 remains in the internal receiving cavity 52. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in view B), when the locking ring 5 is in the forward position, the internal receiving cavity 52 is offset relative to the housing 28 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2 and can no longer accommodate the ball 3.

[0091] The front portion 59 of the locking ring 5 includes an inner radial covering surface 51, which is adjacent to and disposed behind the inner receiving cavity 52. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in view B), when ring 5 is in the forward holding position, the inner radial cover surface 51 is located axially along axis X2 at the height of housing 28; in other words, it faces the locking ball 3 radially. In the forward position of ring 5, the locking ball 3 is held in the inner radial locking position by the inner cover surface 51. Figure 2 As shown in view A), when ring 5 is in the retracted release position, the inner radial cover surface 51 is offset relative to housing 28 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2 and no longer prevents ball 3 from moving in the outer radial unlock position.

[0092] The ring 5 includes a rear portion 60 that extends longitudinally from the front portion 59 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2, particularly extending longitudinally behind the inner cover surface 51 belonging to the front portion 59, from the rear surface 57 to the rear surface of the locking ring 5 that forms the rear end of the locking ring 5. The rear portion 60 includes an inner radial surface 53 located behind the cover surface 51 and connected to the cover surface 51 via the axial rear surface 57 of the ring 5. The rear surface 57 and the inner radial surface 53 preferably define an annular inner countersunk hole 70 of the locking ring 5. Therefore, the cover surface 51 opens into the inner countersunk hole 70. Thus, the fluid coupling element 1 is compact in the longitudinal direction. Surfaces 53 and 57 are preferably connected by a connecting fillet 58, such as... Figure 3 As shown in view A). The inner diameter D53 of the inner radial surface 53 is strictly larger than the diameter D51 of the covering surface 51.

[0093] The rear portion 60 of ring 5 preferably includes an internal radial clearance wall 54 located behind the internal countersunk hole 70, particularly behind the internal radial surface 53. The internal radial surface 53 and the internal radial clearance wall 54 are preferably connected by a chamfer 56 belonging to ring 5. The chamfer 56 is, for example, a 30° chamfer.

[0094] The rear portion 60 of ring 5 includes an internal radial guide surface 55 located behind the internal radial clearance wall 54. Therefore, the internal radial clearance wall 54 is arranged along axis X2 between the internal radial surfaces 53 and 55. The diameter D53 of the internal radial surface 53 is equal to the diameter D55 of the internal radial surface 55 within manufacturing tolerances. This reduces the radial dimension of body 2. The internal radial guide surface 55 is defined by the rear surface of ring 5 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2.

[0095] Between the inner radial surface 53 and the inner radial surface 55, the inner diameter D54 of the inner radial clearance wall 54 is larger than the inner diameter D53 of the inner radial surface 53 and the diameter D55 of the inner radial surface 55. For example... Figure 3 As shown in view A), the longitudinal length L54 of the inner radial clearance wall 54 is greater than the longitudinal length L70 of the inner countersunk hole 70, and preferably the length is at least 10 times the longitudinal length L70. The longitudinal length L70 (which corresponds to the depth of the inner countersunk hole 70) is measured along the rear longitudinal direction AR2, from the rear surface 57 to the chamfer 56 (excluding the chamfer 56).

[0096] Preferably, the covering surface 51, the rear surface 57, the inner radial surface 53, the inner radial gap wall 54, and the inner radial guide surface 55 are arranged sequentially along the rear longitudinal direction AR2.

[0097] The diameter D51 of the inner covering surface 51 constitutes the minimum diameter of ring 5. In fact, after the rear surface 57, the diameter D53 of the inner countersunk hole 70, the diameter D54 of the inner radial clearance wall 54, and the diameter D55 of the inner radial guide surface 55 are all larger than the diameter D51 of the inner covering surface 51. In other words, the minimum inner diameter of the rear portion 60, i.e., the minimum of diameters D53, D54, and D55, is strictly larger than diameter D51. This allows ring 5 to be installed around the body 2 after the mounting ball 3 is installed.

[0098] The shapes of the body 2 and the locking ring 5 are such that during the installation of the coupling element 1, the locking ring 5 is fitted around the body 2 through the opening 21 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2. For this purpose, the ring 5 and the body 2 are configured such that once the ring 5 is installed on the body 2, no front surface of the locking ring 5 faces the rear surface of the body 2 (parallel to the longitudinal axis X2).

[0099] The coupling element 1 includes a stop segment 61, distinct from the locking ring 5, which is integral with the locking ring 5 along the axis X2. Specifically, in order to be integral with the ring 5, the stop segment 61 engages in an internal groove 62 formed on the internal radial surface 55. When the ring 5 is mounted on the body 2, it is configured to abut against the body 2 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2 by means of the stop segment 61. Specifically, the stop segment 61 abuts against the rear surface of the distal portion 22 of the body 2. Figure 1 As shown, when the ring is in the forward position and the stop section 61 abuts against the distal portion 22 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2, the ring 5 protrudes in front of the distal portion 22 of the main body 2 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2.

[0100] The distal portion 22 of the body 2, particularly the outer radial surface 34, directly engages with the inner radial surface 55 of the ring 5 with a reduced radial clearance, thereby radially guiding the ring 5 to slide relative to the body 2 along the axis X2.

[0101] The coupling element 1 also includes an annular washer 7, which is different from the ring 5 and the body 2.

[0102] The washer 7 is radially positioned between the body 2 and the rear 60 of the locking ring 5.

[0103] In the mounting configuration where washer 7 is installed around the body 2 and within the ring 5, regardless of the position of the ring 5, washer 7 is arranged relative to the outer radial surface 34 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2. In the assembly configuration of the fluid coupling element 1, washer 7 partially engages in the internal countersunk hole 70 of the locking ring 5. Figure 3As shown in view A), the washer 7 includes a front surface 75, preferably axial, which is capable of contacting the equally axial rear surface 57 of the inner countersunk hole 70 along the front longitudinal direction AV2 in the assembled configuration of the fluid coupling element 1. The washer 7 includes an outer radial surface 72, preferably cylindrical, which engages with the inner radial surface 53 of the inner countersunk hole 70 with a reduced but positive radial clearance (in other words, a sliding radial fit) when the washer 7 is installed in the ring 5. The advantage of this radially fitted with clearance is that it allows for removable installation, as the washer 7 is removably accommodated in the inner countersunk hole 70 and can therefore be completely removed from the inner countersunk hole 70 and the ring 5.

[0104] The washer 7 includes an inner radial surface 71, preferably cylindrical, which mates with the outer radial surface 29 of the distal portion 22 of the body 2 with a reduced but positive radial clearance (in other words, a sliding fit). The washer 7 also includes an axial rear surface 78.

[0105] The washer 7 is closed; in other words, in the assembly configuration of the fluid coupling element 1, it extends continuously around the axis X2, forming a closed annular ring. The closed washer 7 allows for precise control of the radial fit between the washer 7 and the body 2, as well as between the washer 7 and the locking ring 5.

[0106] The washer 7 preferably has a rectangular outer cross-section, rather than a square one. The four sides of the rectangular cross-section correspond to the four surfaces 71, 72, 75, and 78. Alternatively, it can also have a square cross-section. Figure 3 As shown in view A), the maximum radial height H7 of the washer 7 is preferably greater than or equal to the maximum longitudinal length L7 of the washer 7. The length of the washer 7 is less than its height, thereby limiting the risk of the washer 7 getting stuck.

[0107] The rectangular cross-section of washer 7 means that it has four edges 73, 74, 76, and 77. Edge 73 is at the intersection of surfaces 75 and 72. Edge 74 is at the intersection of surfaces 75 and 71. Edge 77 is at the intersection of surfaces 72 and 78. Edge 76 is at the intersection of surfaces 71 and 78. Preferably, each of these edges is chamfered, for example, at a 45° chamfer. The chamfer of edge 73, formed by surfaces 72 and 75 of the washer, is larger than the connecting fillet 58 of the inner countersunk hole 70, which allows washer 7 to rest flat against the rear surface 57 of the inner countersunk hole 70 along the axial direction AV2 through the front surface 75. The chamfer also helps to center washer 7 during its installation in ring 5 and during the movement of ring 5 relative to body 2.

[0108] Axially, regardless of the position of the locking ring 5 between the forward and retracted positions, the internal countersunk hole 70 is arranged entirely relative to the receiving housing 28 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2. Then, the front surface 75 of the washer 7 directly and partially faces the ball 3 along the front longitudinal direction AV2. In other words, nothing is inserted longitudinally between the front surface 75 and the ball 3. Preferably, the washer 7 maintains a distance from the ball 3 regardless of the position of the locking ring 5 between the forward position (forward against the distal portion 22) and the retracted position. The longitudinal length L70 of the internal countersunk hole 70 is less than the maximum longitudinal length L7 of the washer 7, such that when the washer 7 contacts the ring 5 forward, a portion of the washer 7 is arranged outside the internal countersunk hole 70.

[0109] The inner diameter D71 of washer 7 is strictly smaller than the minimum inner diameter of ring 5. The minimum inner diameter of ring 5 is the smaller of the minimum inner diameter of rear portion 60 and the minimum inner diameter of front portion 59. In this embodiment, the diameter D51 of inner covering surface 51 is the minimum diameter of ring 5.

[0110] The outer diameter D72 of the outer radial surface 72 of washer 7 is greater than the minimum inner diameter of ring 5. The minimum inner diameter of the rear portion 60 of ring 5 (different from the minimum diameter of ring 5) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter D72 of washer 7. In other words, neither rear surface of washer 7 faces the front surface of ring 5, thus allowing washer 7 to be installed in ring 5 from the rear portion. The outer diameter D72 of washer 7 is equal to the diameter D34 of the outer radial surface 34 of distal portion 22. Therefore, diameter D34 is strictly greater than diameter D51. Preferably, the radial height H57 of the inner countersunk hole 70 (which corresponds to half the difference between diameters D53 and D51) is greater than 0.3 times and less than 0.6 times the maximum radial height H7 of washer 7. Therefore, washer 7 protrudes radially inward from the inner countersunk hole 70 while satisfyingly engaging with the rear surface 57.

[0111] In all positions between the forward and reverse positions of the locking ring 5, the washer 7 is able to engage with the body 2 with a reduced radial clearance via the outer radial surface 29 and with the ring 5 with a reduced radial clearance via the inner radial surface 53, thereby radially guiding the ring to slide relative to the body 2. In all these positions, the ring 5, particularly the inner radial surface 55 of the rear portion 60, also engages directly with the outer radial surface 34 of the distal portion 22 of the body 2 with a reduced positive radial clearance. There is no other direct radial guidance between the ring 5 and the body 2. In particular, any surface of the ring 5 located in front of the inner cover surface 51 does not radially engage with the body 2 to guide the ring 5.

[0112] Neither the front surface of the washer 7 faces longitudinally toward the rear surface of the body 2. In other words, the shapes of the washer 7 and the body 2 allow the washer 7 to be installed from the front of the body 2.

[0113] The material of the washer 7 should be chosen to allow it to slide easily on the body 2 during the movement of the ring 5. Preferably, and particularly for this embodiment, the washer 7 is made of hard anodized aluminum. Preferably, the distal portion 22 of the body 2 is made of aluminum.

[0114] Because of the gasket 7 and the inner radial surface 55, the surface of the ring 5 in front of the inner cover surface 51 is not used for radially guiding the ring 5. This allows the inclined front surface 66 of the ring 5 to contact the gasket 95 carried by the complementary body 81 to form a dust cover. This also allows the ring 5 to be shortened in front of the inner receiving cavity 52 relative to the prior art, thereby improving the longitudinal compactness of the coupling element 1.

[0115] The coupling element 1 includes a compression spring 63. The spring 63 is preferably a helical spring. Specifically, the spring 63 is formed from a helix having a circular cross-section. In an alternative not shown, the spring may also be a square wire spring.

[0116] Spring 63 is mounted around the distal portion 22 of the body 2 and is located radially inside the ring 5, radially facing the inner radial clearance wall 54. Spring 63 presses against the body 2 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2, particularly against the shoulder 35 of the distal portion 22 of the body 2. Spring 63 abuts against the axial rear surface 78 of the washer 7 along the front longitudinal direction AV2. In other words, spring 63 is longitudinally positioned between the body 2 and the washer 7. Therefore, spring 63 can push the locking ring 5 back to its forward position by pushing the washer 7, which in turn pushes the ring 5. The maximum radial height H7 of the washer 7 is greater than or equal to the radial height H63 of the spring 63, in other words, the diameter of the spring 63 wire. The difference between diameters D34 and D29 substantially corresponds to the radial height H63 of the spring 63.

[0117] The coupling element 1 preferably includes a sleeve 67. The sleeve 67 is elastically deformable and preferably made of a polymer. The sleeve 67 is mounted around the distal portion 22 and the ring 5. For this purpose, the front end 68 of the sleeve 67 engages in an external groove 64 of the ring 5, and the rear end 69 of the sleeve 67 engages in an external groove 65 of the distal portion 22, which is located behind the second external radial surface 34 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2 and behind the rear end of the locking ring 5 when the locking ring 5 is in the retracted release position. Thus, the front end 68 is longitudinally integral with the ring 5, while the rear end 69 is longitudinally integral with the body 2. The sleeve 67 forms a sealing barrier between the distal portion 22 and the ring 5 relative to the outside of the coupling element 1 to prevent dust or other contaminants from entering the interior of the rear portion 60 of the ring 5, regardless of the position of the ring 5 relative to the body 2. The elastic deformation of the sleeve 67 allows the front end 68 and the rear end 69 to be approached and removed along the axis X2.

[0118] The installation of coupling element 1 shall be carried out in accordance with the following installation method.

[0119] The method includes fitting a spring 63 from the front of the distal portion 22 onto the outer radial surface 29 of the distal portion 22 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2 relative to the body 2. At this stage, preferably, the proximal portion 23 of the body 2 has not yet become integral with the distal portion 22.

[0120] Then, or simultaneously, the method includes fitting the washer 7 from the front end of the distal portion 22 onto the outer radial surface 29 along the rear longitudinal direction AR2 relative to the body 2.

[0121] The installation method then involves engaging the ball 3 within its receiving housing 28, and then mounting the ring 5 by fitting it around the distal portion 22 from the front along the rear longitudinal direction AR2. In doing so, the ring 5 is positioned around the distal portion 22, the ball 3, the washer 7, and the spring 63. Engagement of the ring 5 continues until the inner groove 62 moves to the rear of the outer radial surface 34 of the distal portion 22 and is exposed. During the mounting of the ring 5 around the washer 7, the chamfers of the edges 73 and 74 of the washer 7 facilitate engagement of the washer 7 within the inner countersunk hole 70 of the ring 5. During the mounting of the ring 5 around the washer 7, the chamfer 56 of the ring 5 (formed between the inner radial clearance wall 54 and the inner countersunk hole 70) guides the washer 7 into engagement within the inner countersunk hole 70. Specifically, the inclination of the chamfer 56 of the ring 5 relative to the central longitudinal axis X2 is less than the inclination of the chamfer of the edge 73 of the washer 7. The diameter D54 of the inner radial clearance wall 54 ensures that the inner radial clearance wall 54 is not subject to friction from the washer 7 when the ring 5 is fitted around the washer 7, provided that the washer 7 has not yet reached the inner countersunk hole 70. Furthermore, the ring 5 is preferably made of aluminum to facilitate the placement of the washer 7 in the inner countersunk hole 70.

[0122] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown in view B), ring 5 is in its maximum retracted position, and spring 63 is compressed to its maximum extent, configured to mount ball 3 before ring 5, because ring 5 in the retracted position does not provide sufficient space to insert locking ball 3 into housing 28. Then, in the retracted release position, locking ring 5 holds each ball 3 engaged with its receiving housing 28. The method then preferably includes placing stop segment 61 in recess 62. Once stop segment 61 is in place, the method preferably includes releasing ring 5, and spring 63 subsequently pushes ring 5 to the forward position. Ring 5 then abuts against distal portion 22 in direction AV2 via stop segment 61.

[0123] The method then preferably includes mounting a sleeve 67 around the distal portion 22 and the ring 5, wherein the front end 68 engages in an external groove 64 of the ring 5 and the rear end 69 engages in an external groove 65 of the distal portion 22.

[0124] The method then preferably includes mounting the annular valve 40, spring 41, and piston 31 inside the distal portion 22. Preferably, prior to this mounting, the piston 31 is equipped with a sealing gasket 33, and the distal portion 22 is equipped with a sealing gasket 32.

[0125] The method then includes securing the proximal portion 23 to the distal portion 22 (e.g., by threaded connection and insertion of a washer 24). Preferably, the distal portion 22 and the proximal portion 23 sandwich the rear base 39 of the piston 31, thereby securing the piston to the distal and proximal portions 22 and 23 along the longitudinal axis X2.

[0126] Using this coupler involves coupling the coupler as follows.

[0127] Coupling involves aligning coupling element 1 with complementary coupling element 80. In other words, elements 1 and 80 are arranged such that axes X2 and X81 are coaxial. Coupling then involves engaging the complementary body 81 in the opening 21 of body 2. Engagement occurs when the user holds ring 5 in the retracted release position, such that ball 3 is radially pushed by complementary body 81 to an external radial position in receiving cavity 52, leaving a passage for complementary body 81 in body 2. When ring 5 is in the retracted position, sleeve 67 elastically deforms so that ring 5 can move to this retracted position without breaking the sealing barrier formed by sleeve 67. During engagement, complementary body 81 contacts annular valve 40 along rear longitudinal direction AR2, and piston 31 contacts valve 87 longitudinally along front longitudinal direction AV2. Coupling involves, as engagement continues, annular valve 40 and valve 87 being pushed to their respective retracted open positions. The coupling includes the fact that, during engagement, when valves 87 and 40 break the seal with complementary body 81 via gasket 89 and with body 2 via gaskets 32 and 33 respectively, complementary body 81 has formed a seal with body 2 via sealing gasket 32 ​​carried by distal portion 22.

[0128] The coupling involves radially positioning the outer locking groove 94 opposite the ball 3 during engagement. When the user-released rings 5 ​​are held in a retracted position by the balls 3 (which are also held in the outer radial position by the engaging body 81) against the action of the spring 63, radially positioning the outer groove 94 opposite the balls 3 allows the balls 3 to be positioned in the inner radial position by the action of the rings 5 ​​pushed forward by the spring 63. Once in the inner radial position, the balls 3 engage in the locking groove 94. The covering surface 51 of the ring 5 then holds the balls 3 in the inner locking position. The balls 3 then form a barrier preventing the complementary body 81 from exiting the coupling element 1. Valves 40 and 87 open to allow fluid to pass between the internal conduits 20 and 86. The inclined front surface 66 of the ring mates with the washer 95 of the complementary body to form a sealing barrier. The coupling configuration is achieved. In this coupling configuration, the movement of the rings 5 ​​along the forward longitudinal direction AV2 is restricted by the contact between the rings 5 ​​and the washer 95. When the locking ring 5 is in the forward holding position, the elastic deformation of the sleeve 67 allows the ring 5 to move to that forward position without damaging the sealing barrier formed by the sleeve 67.

[0129] During the insertion of the complementary body 81 into the body 2, the stepped inner surface 25 of the body 2 engages with the stepped outer surface 91 of the complementary body 81, and then the shape complements each other to guide the insertion without jamming.

[0130] During the displacement of the locking ring 5 from its forward position to its retracted position, the washer 7 displaces along the rear longitudinal direction AR2 with the ring 5. This is achieved through the engagement of the rear surface 57 of the ring 5 with the front surface 75 of the washer 7. During this displacement, the washer 7 radially guides the movement of the ring 5 relative to the body 2. The radial engagement area of ​​the washer 7 on the body 2 moves longitudinally along the outer radial surface 29 of the distal portion 22, while the radial engagement area of ​​the washer 7 on the ring 5 remains unchanged and is located at the inner guide surface 53 of the inner countersunk hole 70. During this displacement of the locking ring 5, the inner guide surface 55 of the ring 5 also radially engages with the outer radial surface 34 of the body 2.

[0131] Conversely, during the displacement of the locking ring 5 from its retracted position to its forward position, the washer 7 follows the ring 5 forward because the washer 7 is pushed forward by the spring 63, thereby maintaining contact with the rear surface 57 of the ring 5 by the spring 63. The washer 7 then radially guides the movement of the ring 5 relative to the body 2. The radially mating area of ​​the washer 7 on the body 2 moves longitudinally along the outer radial surface 29 of the distal portion 22, while the radially mating area of ​​the washer 7 on the ring 5 remains unchanged and is located at the inner guide surface 53 of the inner countersunk hole 70. During this displacement of the ring 5, the inner guide surface 55 of the ring 5 also radially mates with the outer radial surface 34 of the body 2.

[0132] To separate, the locking ring 5 is moved to the retracted release position, allowing the locking ball 3 to move to the outer radial unlock position, thereby allowing the complementary fluid coupling element 80 to exit from the body 2.

[0133] Optionally, after the ring 5 is installed around the washer 7 and the washer 7 abuts against the ring 5 forward along the front longitudinal direction AV2, the washer 7 is welded to the ring 5 by, for example, transmission welding (e.g., laser welding method), thereby securing the ring 5 and the washer 7 along the axis X2 after the washer 7 is installed in the ring 5. Then, the washer 7 becomes inremovable from the ring 5.

[0134] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A fluid coupler according to a second embodiment is shown. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The coupler exhibits the same characteristics as Figures 1 to 4 The embodiments are similar in structure and operation, except for the differences described below. Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the components of the coupler, with Figures 1 to 4 The elements of the coupler that correspond to or are the same are represented by the same notation, and the reference symbol is increased by 100.

[0135] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The fluid coupler includes a fluid coupling element 101 and a complementary fluid coupling element 180 for conveying fluid.

[0136] The complementary fluid coupling element 180 includes a complementary body 181, which is tubular and centered on the longitudinal axis X181.

[0137] The complementary body 181 is penetrated and defined by an internal conduit 186 along axis X181 from one end to the other. The internal conduit 186 is used for connection to a pipeline. Element 180 preferably includes a valve 187 that can be opened within the internal conduit 186 along longitudinal axis X81. Figure 5 The forward and closed positions shown are Figure 6 The valve 187 moves between the forward and reverse positions as shown in view B). In the forward position, valve 187 closes internal conduit 186. In the reverse position, valve 187 opens internal conduit 86 to allow fluid circulation.

[0138] The fluid coupling element 180 preferably includes a spring 190 that applies a restoring force to the valve 187 by pressing against the complementary body 181 to push the valve 187 back to its forward closed position.

[0139] The complementary body 181 preferably has a stepped outer surface 191 formed at the front end of the complementary body 181.

[0140] The complementary body 181 preferably includes an external locking groove 194, which is preferably adjacent to the stepped outer surface 191.

[0141] The fluid coupling element 101 includes a body 102, which is tubular and centered on the longitudinal axis X102.

[0142] The body 102 is defined and penetrated by an internal conduit 120 along the axis X102. Preferably, the body 102 includes a distal portion 122 and a distinct, integral proximal portion 123. The internal conduit 120 is used for connection to a conduit via the proximal portion 123.

[0143] The distal portion 122 forms an opening 121 that defines the front end of the internal conduit 120 and opens at the opening 121. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the body 102 is configured to accommodate complementary coupling elements 180, particularly complementary bodies 181, which are inserted into the internal conduit 120 via opening 121.

[0144] The fluid coupling element 101 also includes a locking ball 103. The distal portion 122 forms a receiving housing 128, each housing a ball 103. The distal portion 122 also forms a housing 128 and an opening 121. Each housing 128 extends radially through the distal portion 122. Each locking ball 103 is movable relative to the body 102 within the housing 128. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The internal radial locking position shown in view B) is consistent with... Figure 6 The movement is between the external radial unlock positions shown in view A).

[0145] In the internal radial locking position, ball 103 protrudes radially from opening 121 into internal conduit 120. For example... Figure 6 As shown in view B), when the complementary fluid coupling element 180 is inserted into the inner conduit 120 and the ball 103 is in the inner radial locking position, the ball 103 prevents the complementary fluid coupling element 180 from exiting the inner conduit 120. For this purpose, each ball 103 is received in the outer locking groove 194 of the complementary element 180. In this case, the coupler is in a coupled configuration.

[0146] In the external radial unlocked position, ball 103 does not prevent the withdrawal of the complementary fluid coupling element 180. For example... Figure 6 As shown in view A), ball 103 does indeed retract radially outward so as not to engage with external locking groove 194, thereby not preventing the insertion and withdrawal of complementary element 180.

[0147] like Figure 5 As shown, when the complementary element 180 is not inserted, the coupler or fluid coupling element 1 is in a non-coupled configuration.

[0148] The distal portion 122 includes a cylindrical inner radial surface 126 and a cylindrical outer radial surface 129 extending from the opening 121 along the rear longitudinal direction AR102. The receiving housing 28 opens radially outward on the outer radial surface 129 and radially inward on the inner radial surface 126. Preferably, the difference between the diameter D129 of the outer radial surface 129 and the diameter D126 of the inner radial surface 126 is 0.5 to 0.6 times the diameter of the locking ball 103.

[0149] Along the AR102 direction starting from the opening 121, the internal conduit 120 is defined by a stepped inner surface 125 belonging to the body 102. The stepped inner surface 125 specifically includes an inner radial surface 126. The stepped outer surface 191 of the complementary body 181 and the stepped inner surface 125 of the body 102 are configured to engage by complementary shapes during the insertion of the complementary fluid coupling element 180 into the internal conduit 120 via the opening 121.

[0150] The coupling element 101 also preferably includes a central piston 131, which is mounted in the internal conduit 120. The central piston 131 is integral with the distal portion 122 and the proximal portion 123 in the axial direction.

[0151] The coupling element 101 also preferably includes an annular valve 140. The valve 140 is movable relative to the body 102 along the axis X102, in the forward closed position ( Figure 5 (as shown) and back open position ( Figure 6 The valve 140 moves between the positions shown in view B) and is located in the rear longitudinal direction AR102 relative to the forward position. In the uncoupled configuration, the valve 140 is in the forward position. In the coupled configuration, the valve 140 is in the retracted position.

[0152] In the forward closed position, valve 140 abuts against body 102 along the forward longitudinal direction AV102, which is opposite to the rear longitudinal direction AR102. In the forward position, valve 140 radially seals against body 102 externally and radially seals against piston 31 internally to close internal conduit 120.

[0153] In the retracted position, valve 140 is offset backward relative to its forward position. In the retracted position, valve 140 no longer engages with distal portion 122 and piston 131, thereby opening internal conduit 120 to allow fluid to pass through.

[0154] The coupling element 101 preferably includes a spring 141 to push the valve 140 back to the forward position.

[0155] The distal portion 122 also includes an outer radial surface 134 and a shoulder 135 that separates the outer radial surface 134 and the outer radial surface 129 from each other. The outer radial surface 134 is arranged relative to the outer radial surface 129 from the shoulder 135 along the rear longitudinal direction AR102. The diameter D134 of the outer radial surface 134 is larger than the diameter D129 of the outer radial surface 129.

[0156] A sealing gasket 132 is disposed in a recess 132' located within the conduit 120 at the same longitudinal level as the outer radial surface 129; in other words, it is at the same height as the outer radial surface 129 along axis X2. When the valve 140 is in the forward position, the gasket 132 mates with the valve 140 to ensure a tight seal when the conduit 120 is closed in a non-coupled configuration (e.g., ...). Figure 5 (as shown), and during coupling and in the coupling configuration, cooperates with the complementary body 181 of the complementary coupling element 180 (as shown). Figure 6 (As shown).

[0157] The coupling element 101 includes an integral locking ring 105, a washer 107, and a spring 163. The locking ring 105 is slidably mounted around the distal portion 122 along axis X102. Figure 5 and Figure 6 View B) shows the forward holding position and Figure 6 The device moves between the retractable release position shown in view A). The retractable release position is located in direction AR102 relative to the forward hold position.

[0158] The locking ring 105 includes a front part 159.

[0159] like Figure 5 As shown, unlike the front portion 59 of ring 5, the front portion 159 of ring 105 does not protrude from the body 102 along direction AV102 even when the locking ring 105 is in the forward position. Unlike the complementary coupling element 80, the complementary coupling element 180 does not have a washer capable of engaging with the locking ring 105. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide ring 105 with an inclined axial surface corresponding to the front surface 66 of ring 5. The axial compactness of element 101 is improved.

[0160] The front portion 159 defines an internal receiving cavity 152 that forms the front end of the ring 105. When the ring 105 is in the retracted release position, the cavity 152 is axially located at the height of the housing 128 and is used to receive the locking ball 103, such as... Figure 6 As shown in view A). When the locking ring 105 is in the retracted release position, the ring 105 therefore does not prevent the ball 103 from moving to the outer radial unlock position, and the ball 103 remains in the inner receiving cavity 152. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in view B), when the locking ring 105 is in the forward position, the receiving cavity 152 is offset relative to the housing 128 along the forward longitudinal direction AV102 and can no longer accommodate the ball 103.

[0161] The front portion 159 of the locking ring 105 includes an inner radial covering surface 151, which is adjacent to and disposed behind the inner receiving cavity 152. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in view B), when ring 105 is in the forward holding position, the inner radial cover surface 151 is axially positioned at the height of housing 128; in other words, it radially faces the locking ball 103. In the forward position of ring 105, the locking ball 103 is held in an inner radially locked position by the inner cover surface 151. Figure 6 As shown in view A), when ring 105 is in the retracted release position, the inner radial cover surface 151 is offset relative to housing 128 along the rear longitudinal direction AR102, thus no longer preventing ball 103 from being placed in the outer radial unlock position.

[0162] Ring 105 includes a rear portion 160 that extends from the front portion 159 along the rear longitudinal direction AR102, particularly from the inner cover surface 151 belonging to the front portion 159. The rear portion 160 includes an inner radial surface 153 located behind the cover surface 151 and connected to the cover surface 151 via an axial rear surface 157. The rear surface 157 and the inner radial surface 153 preferably form an internal countersunk hole 170. Thus, the inner cover surface 151 opens into the internal countersunk hole 170. Surfaces 153 and 157 are preferably connected by a connecting fillet similar to a fillet 58. The inner diameter D153 of the inner radial surface 153 is strictly larger than the diameter D151 of the inner cover surface 151.

[0163] The rear portion 160 of the ring 105 preferably defines an internal radial clearance wall 154 located behind the internal countersunk hole 170, and particularly behind the internal radial surface 153.

[0164] The rear portion 160 includes an inner radial guide surface 155 located behind the inner radial clearance wall 154. Therefore, the inner radial clearance wall 154 is arranged along the axis X102 between the inner radial surfaces 153 and 155. Unlike the previous embodiment, the diameter D153 of the inner radial surface 153 is strictly smaller than the diameter D155 of the inner radial surface 155. However, the diameter D155 of the inner radial surface 155 is preferably equal to the diameter D154 of the inner radial clearance wall 154. This has the advantage that, during installation, the friction between the ring 105 and the washer 107 is limited by the ring 105 throughout the entire stroke of the washer 107, especially at the height of the inner radial surface 155.

[0165] The diameter D151 of the inner covering surface 151 constitutes the minimum diameter of ring 105. In fact, after the rear surface 157, diameters D153, D154, and D155 are all larger than diameter D151. In other words, the minimum inner diameter of the rear portion 160, i.e., the minimum of diameters D153, D154, and D155, is strictly larger than diameter D151.

[0166] The shapes of the body 102 and the locking ring 105 are such that, during the installation of the coupling element 101, the locking ring 105 is fitted around the body 102 via the distal portion 122 along the rear longitudinal direction AR102. For this purpose, the ring 105 and the body 102 are configured such that once the ring 105 is mounted on the body 102, no front surface of the locking ring 105 faces the rear surface of the body 102 parallel to the longitudinal axis X102.

[0167] The coupling element 101 includes a stop section 161, which is different from the locking ring 105 and is integral with the locking ring 105. When the ring 105 is mounted on the body 102, it is configured to abut against the body 102 along the forward longitudinal direction AV102 by means of the stop section 161. In the forward position, the ring 105 abuts against the body 102 via the stop section 161.

[0168] The distal portion 122 of the body 102, particularly the outer radial surface 134, engages directly with the inner radial surface 155 of the ring 105 with a reduced positive radial clearance, thereby radially guiding the ring 105 to slide relative to the body 102 along the axis X102.

[0169] However, for coupling element 1, body 2 does not include any rear stop for locking ring 5, while body 102, particularly the proximal portion 123, forms rear stop 108 to limit sliding of ring 105 relative to body along rear longitudinal direction AR102. In the retracted position, ring 105 abuts against rear stop 108, as... Figure 6 As shown in view A). This avoids applying excessive stress to the spring 163 when the ring 105 is pulled to the retracted position against the action of the spring 163, and limits the travel of the ring 105 relative to the body 102 in the rear longitudinal direction AR102 to the retracted position, in which there is insufficient space between the ring 105 and the body 102 for the ball 103 to exit the housing 128.

[0170] Washer 107 is different from ring 105 and body 102. Washer 107 is radially positioned between body 102 and the rear 160 of locking ring 105.

[0171] Unlike washer 7, which has a rectangular outer cross-section, washer 107 has a circular outer cross-section. This circular cross-section of washer 107 provides advantages similar to those of the chamfered edges of washer 7. The maximum radial height H107 of the washer is preferably equal to the maximum length L107 of the washer.

[0172] In the mounting configuration where washer 107 is installed around body 102 and within ring 105, washer 107 is arranged relative to the outer radial surface 134 along the forward longitudinal direction AV102, regardless of the position of ring 105. In this configuration, washer 107 engages in the inner countersunk hole 170 of locking ring 105 and is able to contact the rear surface 157 along the forward longitudinal direction AV102. Here, this contact is circular. When washer 107 is installed in ring 105, washer 107 mates with the inner radial surface 153 of inner countersunk hole 170 with a reduced but positive radial clearance. This radially fitted with clearance has the advantage of allowing the assembly to be disassembled. Washer 107 mates with the outer radial surface 129 of the distal portion 122 of body 102 with a reduced but positive radial clearance.

[0173] In the axial direction, regardless of the position of the locking ring 105 between the forward and backward positions, the internal countersunk hole 170 is arranged completely relative to the receiving housing 128 along the rear longitudinal direction AR102. Then, the washer 107 partially faces the ball 103 along the front longitudinal direction AV102, while preferably maintaining a distance from the ball 103 regardless of the position of the ring 105 relative to the body 102.

[0174] The inner diameter D171 of washer 107 is strictly smaller than the minimum inner diameter of ring 105. The minimum inner diameter of ring 105 is the smaller of the minimum inner diameter of rear portion 160 and the minimum inner diameter of front portion 159. In this embodiment, the diameter D151 of inner cover surface 151 is the minimum diameter of ring 105.

[0175] The outer diameter D172 of washer 107 is greater than the minimum inner diameter of ring 105. The minimum inner diameter of the rear portion 160 of ring 105 (different from the minimum diameter of ring 105) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter D172 of washer 107. In other words, no rear surface of washer 107 faces the front surface of ring 105, thus allowing washer 107 to be installed in ring 105 from the rear portion. The outer diameter D172 of washer 107 is equal to the diameter D134 of the outer radial surface 134 of distal portion 122.

[0176] In all positions of the locking ring 105 between the forward and reverse positions, the washer 107 is able to engage with the body 102 via the outer radial surface 129 with a reduced radial clearance and with the ring 105 via the inner radial surface 153, thereby radially guiding the ring 105 to slide relative to the body 102. In all these positions, the ring 105, particularly the inner radial surface 155 of the rear portion 160, also engages directly with the outer radial surface 134 of the distal portion 122 of the body 102 with a reduced but positive radial clearance. There are no other radial guides between the ring 105 and the body 102.

[0177] Neither the front surface of the washer 107 faces longitudinally toward the rear surface of the body 102. In other words, the shapes of the washer 107 and the body 102 allow the washer 107 to be installed from the front of the body 102.

[0178] The material of washer 107 should be chosen to allow it to slide easily on body 102 during movement of ring 105. In this embodiment, washer 107 has a circular cross-section and is preferably made of a polymer, such as PEEK (polyether ether ketone) or PA6.6 (polyamide 6.6). Body 102 is preferably made of aluminum.

[0179] Spring 163 is a compression spring, mounted around the distal portion 122 of the body 102 and radially inward, facing the inner radial clearance wall 154. Spring 163 presses against the body 102 along the rear longitudinal direction AR102, particularly against the shoulder 135. Spring 163 abuts against the washer 107 along the front longitudinal direction AV102. In other words, spring 163 is longitudinally positioned between the body 102 and the washer 107. Therefore, spring 163 can push the locking ring 105 to its forward position by pushing the washer 107 into contact with the ring 105, which in turn pushes the ring 105.

[0180] Unlike coupling element 1, which includes sleeve 67, coupling element 101 does not include sleeve.

[0181] The coupling element 101 is installed in the same way as the coupling element 1, except that there is no sleeve.

[0182] In an alternative not shown, washer 107 is not a closed washer but an open resilient washer that can be placed around the body 2 by expansion and then returned to its free position without being placed around the body 2 from the front of the distal portion 22 of the body 2.

[0183] The use of coupling element 101 is the same as that of coupling element 1.

[0184] Figure 7A fluid coupling element 201 according to a third embodiment is shown. Fluid coupling element 201 is identical to fluid coupling element 101 except for a locking ring 205 (which replaces ring 105) and a washer 207 (which replaces washer 107). Identical components and features of elements 101 and 201 bear the same reference numerals, including features of ring 205, while each component and feature in element 201 is modified relative to element 101, with its reference numerals increased by 100.

[0185] Except for the following differences, ring 205 includes the same features as rings 5 ​​and 105 and operates in the same manner. Except for the following differences, washer 207 includes the same features as washer 7 and operates in the same manner.

[0186] Ring 205 includes a front portion 159 in which the inner radial covering surface 151 and the inner receiving cavity 152 remain unchanged. Ring 205 includes a rear portion 260, replacing rear portion 160. Rear portion 260 retains the inner radial clearance wall 154, inner radial surface 155, and rear surface 157, all of which remain unchanged. However, the fluid coupling element 201 does not include a stop section 161, therefore rear portion 260 does not include a groove for receiving it. Furthermore, replacing the inner radial surface 153, rear portion 260 includes an inner radial surface 253 modified relative to surface 153, forming an inner countersunk hole 270 with rear surface 157. Preferably, a connecting fillet 258, similar to a fillet 58, is provided between rear surface 157 and inner radial surface 253.

[0187] Washer 207, like washer 7, includes a preferably axial front surface 275 corresponding to the front surface 75, which, when installed, abuts against the equally axial rear surface 157 of ring 205 along the forward longitudinal direction AV2. Washer 207 includes an inner radial surface 271 corresponding to the inner radial surface 71, preferably cylindrical, which engages with the outer radial surface 129 with a reduced but positive radial clearance (in other words, a sliding radial fit). Washer 207 also includes a rear surface 278 corresponding to the rear surface 78, against which spring 163 abuts along the forward longitudinal direction AV102 to push ring 205 back to the forward position.

[0188] Washer 207 includes an outer radial surface 272 that mates with the inner radial surface 153 of the inner countersunk hole 270 with a reduced but positive radial clearance (in other words, a sliding radial fit) for mounting washer 207 in ring 205. Coupling element 201 includes an elastically deformable open ring 210. The open ring 210 is received in an outer groove 279 belonging to washer 207, which is formed in the outer radial surface 272, preferably surrounding the entire circumference of washer 207. Thus, outer radial surface 272 corresponds to outer radial surface 72, but is distinguished by the presence of groove 279.

[0189] In the installation configuration of washer 207, the open ring 210 is in an expanded state, such as... Figure 7 As shown by the solid lines in view B). Although the inner radial surface 253 of ring 205 is otherwise identical to the inner radial surface 153, an inner groove 211 is provided in the inner radial surface 253, preferably around the entire circumference of axis X102. In the mounting configuration of washer 207 and open ring 210, the open ring 210, in its expanded state, engages with the inner groove 211 to restrict longitudinal movement of washer 207 relative to ring 205 along axis X102. For this purpose, open ring 210 is partially received in grooves 211 and 279. Thus, washer 207 is longitudinally fixed to open ring 210. In particular, in the expanded state of open ring 210, washer 207 cannot be completely withdrawn from inner countersunk hole 270. Therefore, washer 207 is longitudinally fixed to ring 205 by open ring 210 after installation and is thus non-removably received in inner countersunk hole 270.

[0190] In order to install the washer 207 in the ring 205, the open ring 210 is preferably capable of elastic deformation to such extent that... Figure 7 The constricted state is shown by the dashed line in view B), where the open ring 210 is fully accommodated in the outer groove 279. The cross-section of the outer groove 279 is greater than or equal to the cross-section of the open ring 210, such that the open ring 210 can be accommodated in this way. The open ring 210 is configured to elastically return to the expanded state when not held in the constricted state.

[0191] For installation of washer 207, the open ring 210 is in a contracted state to be fully received in the outer groove 279, while washer 207 is installed around the distal portion 122, such that the open ring 210 allows ring 205 to fit around washer 207 and the distal portion 122. The open ring 210 can be placed in a contracted state by ring 205 itself, with the rear end of ring 205 correspondingly shaped. For installation, ring 205 is fitted around washer 207 and the contracted open ring 210, holding the open ring 210 in the contracted state until washer 207 abuts against ring 205 along the forward longitudinal direction AV102, and the open ring 210 radially faces the inner groove 211 of ring 205. Once radially facing, the open ring 210 elastically returns to an expanded state, causing washer 207 to be captured by ring 205.

[0192] Washer 207 has a rectangular outer cross-section, rather than a square, meaning it has four edges 273, 274, 276, and 277, corresponding to edges 73, 74, 76, and 77, respectively. The four sides of the rectangular cross-section correspond to four surfaces 271, 272, 275, and 278. Edge 273 is at the intersection of surfaces 275 and 272. Edge 274 is at the intersection of surfaces 275 and 271. Edge 277 is at the intersection of surfaces 272 and 278. Edge 276 is at the intersection of surfaces 271 and 278. Preferably, each of these edges is chamfered, for example, at a 45° chamfer. The chamfer of edge 273, formed by surfaces 272 and 275, is larger than the connecting fillet 258, allowing washer 207 to abut against the rear surface 157 of the internal countersunk hole 270 along direction AV102 via the front surface 275. The chamfer also helps to center the washer 207 during installation of the ring 205.

[0193] Unlike washer 7, the maximum radial height H207 of washer 207 is preferably less than or equal to the maximum length L207 of washer 207. In the assembly configuration of fluid coupling element 201, when ring 205 is in the forward position, washer 207 preferably abuts against ball 103 along the forward longitudinal direction AV102, preferably through the chamfer of edge 274. In the forward position, locking ring 205 thus abuts against body 102 through open ring 210, through washer 207, and through ball 103. This eliminates the need for stop section 161, thereby simplifying the installation method of coupling element 201. Regardless of the position of locking ring 205 between the forward holding position and the retracted release position, internal countersunk hole 270 is arranged relative to ball 103 along the rear longitudinal direction AR102. In other words, no front surface of ball 103 is longitudinally oriented towards internal countersunk hole 270.

[0194] Then, washer 207 directly partially faces ball 103 along the forward longitudinal direction AV102. The longitudinal length of the inner countersunk hole 270 is less than the longitudinal length L207 of washer 207, such that when washer 207 contacts ring 205 forward, a portion of washer 207 is disposed outside the inner countersunk hole 270.

[0195] The diameter considerations applicable to washer 7, after necessary adjustments, also apply to washer 207. As in other embodiments, the minimum inner diameter of the locking ring 205 behind the inner radial covering surface 151 is strictly greater than the diameter of the inner radial covering surface 151, and greater than or equal to the outer diameter of washer 207. The inner diameter of washer 207 is strictly less than the diameter of the inner radial covering surface 151. The diameter of the outer radial surface 134 is strictly greater than the diameter of the outer radial surface 129. The minimum inner diameter of the locking ring 205 is the diameter of the inner radial covering surface 151.

[0196] Preferably, for Figure 7 In this embodiment, as in other embodiments, the longitudinal length of the internal radial clearance wall 154 is greater than the longitudinal length of the internal countersunk hole 270.

[0197] Preferably, for Figure 7 In this embodiment, as in other embodiments, the radial thickness of the body 102 at the height of the housing 128 is 0.5 to 0.6 times the diameter of the locking ball 103.

[0198] Preferably, for Figure 7 In this embodiment, as in other embodiments, the maximum radial height H207 of the washer 207 is greater than or equal to the radial height of the spring 163.

[0199] In addition, Figure 7 In one embodiment, the radial height H157 of the internal countersunk hole 270 is between 0.3 and 0.6 times the maximum radial height H207 of the washer 207, and the radial height H207 of the washer 207 is greater than the radial height of the spring 163.

Claims

1. A fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201), including: - A body (2; 102), centered on a longitudinal axis (X2; X102), defines an internal conduit (20; 120) and is used for connection to a conduit (12), the internal conduit (20; 120) extending from the body (2; 102) through an opening (21; 121) extending along a front longitudinal direction (AV2; AV102) parallel to the longitudinal axis (X2; X102), the body (2; 102) being configured to receive complementary fluid coupling elements (80; 180) inserted into the internal conduit (20; 120) via the opening (21; 121) along a rear longitudinal direction (AR2; AR102) opposite to the front longitudinal direction (AV2; AV102); - The locking ball (3; 103) is movable between the following positions within the receiving housing (28; 128) of the main body (2; 102): • Internal radial locking position, wherein, in the coupling configuration of the fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) and the complementary fluid coupling element (80; 180), the locking ball (3; 103) protrudes into the internal conduit (20; 120) to prevent the complementary fluid coupling element (80); 180) exits from the internal conduit (20; 120), and • External radial unlock position, wherein the locking ball (3; 103) does not prevent the complementary fluid coupling element (80; 180) from exiting the body (2; 102); - Locking ring (5; 105; 205), the shape of the body (2; 102) and the locking ring (5; 105; 205) is such that the locking ring (5; 105; 205) is fitted around the body (2; 102) via the opening (21; 121) along the rear longitudinal direction (AR2; AR102), and the locking ring (5; 105; 205) is thus slidably mounted relative to the body (2; 102) along the longitudinal axis (X2; X102) between the following positions: • Forward holding position, wherein the inner radial covering surface (51; 151) of the locking ring (5; 105; 205) is capable of engaging with the locking ball (3; 103) to hold the locking ball (3; 103) in place. 103) Retained in the inner radial locking position, the minimum inner diameter (D53; D55; D153) of the locking ring (5; 105; 205) on the rear side of the inner radial covering surface (51; 151) is strictly larger than the diameter (D51) of the inner radial covering surface (51; 151), and • Retracted release position, wherein the locking rings (5; 105; 205) do not prevent the locking ball (3; 103) from moving radially outward to the unlocked position; and - A spring (63; 163) is mounted around the body (2; 102) and pushes the locking ring (5; 105; 205) back to the forward holding position; Its features are: The fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) further includes a washer (7; 107; 207) radially positioned between the body (2; 102) and the locking ring (5; 105; 205), and a spring (63; 163) longitudinally positioned between the body (2; 102) and the washer (7; 107; 207). The washer (7; 107; 207) is capable of abutting against the rear surface (57; 157) of the locking ring (5; 105; 205) along the forward longitudinal direction (AV2; AV102) to push the locking ring (5; 105; 205) back to the forward holding position. - The minimum inner diameter (D53; D55; D153) of the locking ring (5; 105; 205) behind the rear surface (57; 157) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter (D72; D172) of the washer (7; 107; 207); - The inner diameter (D71; D171) of the washer (7; 107; 207) is strictly smaller than the diameter (D51) of the inner radial covering surface (51; 151) of the locking ring (5; 105; 205); - In all longitudinal positions of the locking ring (5; 105; 205) relative to the body (2; 102) between the forward holding position and the backward release position: The washer (7; 107; 207) is capable of radially engaging with the first inner radial surface (53; 153; 253) of the locking ring (5; 105; 205) and the first outer radial surface (29; 129) of the body (2; 102) to radially guide the locking ring (5; 105; 205) relative to the body (2; 102), and • The locking ring (5; 105; 205) radially engages with the second outer radial surface (34; 134) of the body (2; 102) to guide the locking ring (5; 105; 205) radially relative to the body (2; 102), wherein the diameter (D34) of the second outer radial surface (34; 134) is... D134) is strictly larger than the diameter (D29; D129) of the first outer radial surface (29; 129); - The main body (2; 102) integrally forms the opening (21; 121), the receiving shell (28; 128), and the second external radial surface (34; 134); and - The first inner radial surface (53; 153; 253) and the rear surface (57; 157) define an inner countersunk hole (70; 170; 270) for receiving the locking ring (5; 105; 205) of the washer (7; 107; 207), the inner countersunk hole (70; 170; 270) being arranged along the front longitudinal direction (AV2; AV102) relative to the second outer radial surface (34; 134) and along the rear longitudinal direction (AR2; AR102) relative to the locking ball (3; 103).

2. The fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasket (7; 107; 207) is a closed annular ring, and the shapes of the gasket (7; 107; 207) and the body (2; 102) are such that the gasket (7; 107; 207) is fitted around the body (2; 102) via the opening (21; 121) along the rear longitudinal direction (AR2; AR102).

3. The fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: - The locking ring (5; 105; 205) includes an inner radial clearance wall (54; 154), the inner diameter (D54; D154) of which is strictly larger than the diameter (D53) of the first inner radial surface (53; 153; 253), and is arranged along the rear longitudinal direction (AR2; AR102) relative to the inner countersunk hole (70; 170; 270); and - The longitudinal length (L54) of the inner radial clearance wall (54; 154) is greater than the longitudinal length (L70) of the inner countersunk hole (70; 170; 270).

4. The fluid coupling element (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that: - The locking ring (5) includes a second inner radial surface (55), by means of which the locking ring (5) radially engages with the second outer radial surface (34); and - The diameter (D53) of the first inner radial surface (53) and the diameter (D55) of the second inner radial surface (55) are equal; as well as - The internal radial clearance wall (54) is arranged parallel to the rear longitudinal direction (AR2) between the first internal radial surface (53) and the second internal radial surface (55).

5. The fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The radial height (H57; H157) of the internal countersunk hole (70; 170; 270) is between 0.3 and 0.6 times the maximum radial height (H7; H107) of the washer (7; 107; 207).

6. The fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inner radial covering surfaces (51; 151) extend longitudinally into the inner countersunk holes (70; 170; 270).

7. The fluid coupling element (1; 201) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The washer (7; 207) has a rectangular outer cross section and chamfers on all four edges (73, 74, 76, 77; 273, 274, 276, 277).

8. The fluid coupling element (1; 101) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The maximum radial height (H7; H107) of the washer (7; 107) is greater than or equal to the maximum longitudinal length (L7; L107) of the washer (7; 107).

9. The fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The radial thickness of the main body (2; 102) at the receiving housing (28; 128) is 0.5 to 0.6 times the diameter (D3) of the locking ball (3; 103).

10. The fluid coupling element (1; 101) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The gasket (7; 107) is removably housed in the internal countersunk hole (70; 170).

11. The fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The maximum radial height (H7; H107; H207) of the washer (7; 107; 207) is greater than or equal to the radial height (H63) of the spring (63; 163).

12. The fluid coupling element (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fluid coupling element (1) further includes a valve (40) and a sealing gasket (32), which are arranged longitudinally in a groove (32') in the body (2) at the height of the second outer radial surface (34). When the fluid coupling element (1) is in a non-coupled configuration, the sealing gasket (32) is configured to cooperate with the valve (40).

13. A fluid coupler, characterized in that, include: - The fluid coupling element (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 or 2; as well as - The complementary fluid coupling element (80; 180) includes a complementary body (81; 181) having a locking groove (94; 194) configured to receive the locking ball (3; 103) when the fluid coupler is in a coupling configuration.

14. The fluid coupler according to claim 13, characterized in that: - The complementary bodies (81; 181) include stepped outer surfaces (91; 191); - The body (2; 102) includes a stepped inner surface (25; 125) defining the internal conduit (20; 120); and - The stepped outer surface (91; 191) and the stepped inner surface (25; 125) are configured to cooperate by means of complementary shapes during the insertion of the complementary fluid coupling element (80; 180) into the inner conduit (20; 120).

15. The fluid coupler according to claim 13, characterized in that: - The fluid coupling element (1) further includes a sleeve (67) mounted around the body (2) and the locking ring (5), and the sleeve includes a front end (68) longitudinally fixed to the locking ring (5) and a rear end (69) longitudinally fixed to the body (2), and the sleeve (67) elastically deforms when the locking ring (5) shifts between the forward holding position and the backward release position; - The complementary fluid coupling element (80) includes a sealing gasket (95) supported by the outer surface (96) of the complementary body (81); as well as - The locking ring (5) includes a front surface (66) that, when the fluid coupler is in a coupling configuration, longitudinally engages with the sealing gasket (95) of the complementary fluid coupling element (80).

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