Natural reserve monitoring equipment intelligent management system based on satellite narrowband communication

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the field of natural reserve intelligent monitoring, and provides a natural reserve monitoring equipment intelligent management system based on satellite narrowband communication, comprising: terminal monitoring equipment integrated with a data acquisition module, a satellite positioning module, a satellite communication data sending and receiving module, a power supply module and a control module; a satellite communication network; a ground station; the system monitoring center is provided with monitoring management software; in the invention, a power supply mode of combining solar energy and a rechargeable battery is adopted to solve the power problem, the terminal equipment integrates multiple sensors and low power consumption design, and a data compression and encryption transmission technology and an early warning mechanism based on a geographic position are combined, so that efficient management of monitoring equipment in an area without network coverage is realized; the system has the advantages of low cost, wide coverage range and high real-time performance, and effectively improves the management efficiency and ecological monitoring capability of the wild natural reserve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent monitoring of nature reserves, and in particular relates to an intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication. Background Technology

[0002] Wildlife reserves play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity and protecting ecological balance. However, due to their often remote locations, complex terrain, and the presence of large areas lacking power and network infrastructure (4G / 5G) coverage, the application of traditional monitoring equipment faces significant challenges.

[0003] Traditional monitoring equipment in these areas relies primarily on manual inspections to acquire data, resulting in extremely poor data timeliness, with delays reaching several weeks. This makes it impossible to transmit monitoring data back to the monitoring center in a timely and accurate manner. Furthermore, it cannot provide early warnings for equipment disconnections or malfunctions; issues such as battery depletion or equipment displacement cannot be detected promptly, severely limiting the effective management of the protected area.

[0004] While some technologies have attempted to solve the communication problem, such as BeiDou short message service, they only support text transmission and cannot meet the transmission needs of sensor data. LoRa self-built base stations have drawbacks such as high cost, limited coverage radius (<20 km), and the need for regular maintenance.

[0005] Therefore, an intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication, so as to solve the problem of data communication in areas of nature reserves where power and network facilities are not covered, realize the real-time transmission of information such as the operating status of monitoring equipment, surrounding meteorological data, and real-time location, and enable the monitoring center to issue operation commands to the monitoring equipment, and has the advantage of low cost.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication includes:

[0009] The terminal monitoring device integrates a data acquisition module, a satellite positioning module, a satellite communication data transmission and reception module, a power supply module, and a control module.

[0010] Satellite communication networks are used to enable data transmission and command exchange between terminal monitoring equipment and ground stations;

[0011] The ground station is used to receive data from the terminal monitoring equipment relayed by the satellite and transmit it to the monitoring center, while also uploading the monitoring center's instructions to the satellite;

[0012] The system monitoring center is equipped with monitoring and management software, which is used to receive, store, and analyze data uploaded by terminal monitoring devices, generate and issue remote operation commands, and has alarm management functions.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the data acquisition module includes a device operating status sensor, a battery power sensor, and a weather sensor. The weather sensor integrates at least temperature, humidity, PM2.5, and negative oxygen ion acquisition units, and can collect corresponding environmental parameters in real time.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the satellite positioning module adopts GPS or Beidou positioning technology, which can obtain the real-time location information of the terminal monitoring device, and the displacement monitoring of the terminal monitoring device adopts an error compensation model that matches GPS positioning with geomagnetic fingerprint, with a positioning accuracy within 1 meter.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the power supply module adopts a combination of solar panels and rechargeable batteries, and includes a solar management chip BQ25504 and a supercapacitor energy storage unit to ensure that the terminal monitoring equipment can work continuously for more than 21 days in cloudy weather.

[0016] A further technical solution is that the terminal monitoring device uses an STM32L4R5 chip and an adaptive sampling algorithm for device status monitoring, with a power consumption of only 0.15mA in sleep mode; the terminal monitoring device uses the LZ77 compression algorithm and Base64 encoding for the collected data, with a byte compression rate of 83.7%.

[0017] In a further technical solution, the system is equipped with an early warning mechanism based on changes in geographical location. When the real-time location of the terminal monitoring device deviates from its initial location by 3 meters or more, an early warning of the device's location change is triggered, and the early warning information is sent to the system monitoring center.

[0018] A further technical solution is that the adaptive sampling strategy is as follows: when the battery voltage of the terminal monitoring device is lower than 3.5V, the environmental data sampling interval is automatically extended from half an hour to 4 hours.

[0019] A further technical solution is that the monitoring and management software includes modules for terminal equipment asset management, remote control, real-time monitoring, alarm management, log management, maintenance management, data analysis, and system management, which can realize full lifecycle monitoring and operation and maintenance management of terminal monitoring equipment.

[0020] In a further technical solution, during the data transmission and command interaction between the terminal monitoring device and the system monitoring center, both data and commands are packaged and encrypted before being transmitted through a satellite narrowband communication network.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] This invention enables real-time monitoring and management: by using satellite narrowband communication technology to achieve real-time transmission of various data from monitoring equipment and remote command issuance, the monitoring center can promptly grasp the ecological environment status and operational status of monitoring equipment within the protected area, facilitating rapid decision-making and achieving efficient management of wildlife nature reserves.

[0023] This invention solves the coverage problem: it effectively addresses the monitoring and equipment data communication issues in areas of nature reserves not covered by power and network facilities, expands the monitoring range, fills gaps that traditional communication methods cannot reach, and improves the overall monitoring capabilities of the nature reserve.

[0024] This invention offers cost advantages: by employing solar power and narrowband satellite communication technology, it reduces equipment operating costs and data communication costs, making it possible to deploy monitoring equipment in large-scale, remote nature reserves, thus demonstrating good economic benefits and application value.

[0025] This invention features low power consumption and long battery life: the terminal monitoring device adopts an ultra-low power consumption design, combined with efficient solar power management, to ensure the device can operate stably for a long time in complex environments, reducing maintenance frequency and costs;

[0026] This invention provides high-precision positioning and early warning: It achieves high-precision positioning through an error compensation model that matches GPS positioning with geomagnetic fingerprints. Combined with a geographic location change early warning mechanism, it can promptly detect abnormal equipment displacement, ensuring equipment safety and data validity.

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 System overall architecture diagram;

[0029] Figure 2 System architecture diagram of monitoring and management software. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: Implementation of Basic Monitoring Scenarios

[0033] An intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication includes:

[0034] Monitoring Equipment Deployment: Within the wildlife nature reserve, based on basic ecological monitoring needs, select locations with open views and good lighting conditions to install the monitoring equipment. Fix the equipment on stable supports 3-5 meters high, ensuring the solar panels face due south for optimal charging. Integrate and connect temperature and humidity sensors, a satellite positioning module (BeiDou), and a satellite narrowband communication module. Perform initial equipment settings, setting the data acquisition interval to 1 hour and synchronizing the communication frequency with the satellite overhead time.

[0035] Data transmission and command issuance process

[0036] Data transmission: The monitoring equipment automatically collects operational status data (such as whether it has started normally), battery power data, and temperature and humidity data every hour. The data is compressed using the LZ77 compression algorithm and Base64 encoded, then packaged and encrypted before being uploaded to the satellite via the satellite communication data transmission module when the satellite passes over the protection zone. When the satellite passes over the next ground station, the data is downloaded and transmitted in real time to the system monitoring center, where it is stored and analyzed.

[0037] Command Issuance: When the monitoring center detects abnormal temperature data in a certain area and needs to increase the data collection frequency for that area, staff generate a command through the monitoring management software to "adjust the data collection interval to 30 minutes." The command, after being packaged and encrypted, is transmitted to the satellite via the ground station. When the satellite passes over the overhead protection zone, it transmits the command to the target device. The device receives the command, parses and executes it, and sends the execution result back to the monitoring center.

[0038] System maintenance and management: Monthly inspections are conducted to check the physical condition of the equipment, the cleanliness of the solar panels, and the battery level. Equipment operating status data is analyzed through the monitoring center; if the battery level of any device is found to be below 20% for three consecutive days, personnel are dispatched to inspect the solar panel's operation on-site. Communication with the satellite communication service provider is maintained weekly to ensure network stability.

[0039] In this embodiment, through reasonable equipment deployment and data transmission mechanisms, real-time monitoring of basic ecological data of the protected area was achieved, providing data support for the daily management of the protected area; at the same time, regular maintenance and management ensured the stable operation of the system.

[0040] Example 2: Implementation of High-Precision Positioning and Early Warning Scenarios

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0042] Monitoring equipment deployment: Monitoring equipment is deployed in areas within the protected area prone to equipment displacement (such as areas with potential geological hazards or areas with frequent wildlife activity). The equipment bracket adopts a reinforced design and is buried at a depth of no less than 1 meter underground; it integrates a GPS positioning module and a geomagnetic sensor to achieve displacement monitoring through GPS positioning and geomagnetic fingerprint matching; during initialization, the initial position coordinates of the equipment are accurately recorded and stored in the monitoring center system.

[0043] Data transmission and early warning response: The device acquires location information in real time and transmits location data back every 30 minutes via satellite narrowband communication technology; when the device deviates from its initial position by 3 meters, a location change early warning is immediately triggered, and the warning information is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time; after receiving the warning, the monitoring center generates an inspection instruction through the monitoring management software and assigns nearby personnel to the site; after arriving at the site, the personnel upload the site situation (such as the device being moved by an animal) to the monitoring center via mobile device, and the center arranges for the device to be reset or repaired according to the situation;

[0044] System optimization: Based on the equipment position change warning records, analyze the characteristics of areas prone to displacement, and further reinforce and modify the equipment supports in these areas to improve equipment stability.

[0045] In this embodiment, the combination of high-precision positioning technology and sensitive early warning mechanism effectively ensures the safe and stable operation of the equipment and reduces the occurrence of data loss or monitoring failure due to equipment displacement.

[0046] Example 3: Implementation of Low-Power Extended Battery Life Scenarios

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that:

[0048] Monitoring equipment deployment: Monitoring equipment will be deployed in dense forest areas within the protected area where lighting conditions are relatively poor. High-efficiency solar panels and large-capacity supercapacitors will be used as power supply modules. The equipment will be installed at a height of 2-3 meters to ensure that the solar panels can receive limited sunlight. Equipment status monitoring will utilize an STM32L4R5 chip and an adaptive sampling algorithm, with the battery voltage threshold initially set to 3.5V.

[0049] Adaptive sampling strategy execution: When the device detects that the battery voltage is below 3.5V, it automatically triggers the adaptive sampling algorithm to extend the environmental data sampling interval from the initial 30 minutes to 4 hours, reducing the amount of data transmission to save power; when the battery voltage rises back to above 3.7V, it automatically restores the initial sampling interval.

[0050] Data transmission and management: In low-power mode, the equipment prioritizes the transmission of critical data such as battery level and location information, transmitting this data every 2 hours. The monitoring center analyzes the equipment's power consumption curves to understand the equipment's endurance patterns in the area and develops emergency power replenishment plans in advance of prolonged rainy weather.

[0051] In this embodiment, addressing the poor lighting conditions in dense forest areas, the system utilizes high-efficiency solar panels, large-capacity supercapacitor energy storage units, and ultra-low-power chips, combined with an adaptive sampling strategy, to achieve long-term stable operation of the equipment in low-light environments. When the battery voltage falls below a threshold, the system automatically adjusts the sampling interval to reduce energy consumption, while prioritizing critical data transmission to ensure uninterrupted core monitoring functions. The monitoring center analyzes the power consumption curve to develop contingency plans in advance, further enhancing the system's reliability and endurance in complex environments. This effectively solves the endurance problem of monitoring equipment in light-limited areas such as dense forests, providing stable data support for ecological monitoring in special terrain areas within protected areas.

[0052] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0053] This system, based on satellite narrowband communication technology, enables remote management and data exchange of monitoring equipment in wildlife nature reserves. Its core working principles include the following aspects:

[0054] Data Acquisition and Processing: The terminal monitoring equipment collects information such as its own operating status, battery level, surrounding weather data and real-time location in real time through various built-in sensors and data acquisition modules;

[0055] The collected data is processed by a low-power chip and then compressed using encoding technology to reduce the amount of data transmitted, thereby reducing power consumption and communication costs.

[0056] Satellite communication transmission: The processed data is uploaded to the satellite via the satellite communication data transmission module when the satellite passes over the protection zone; the satellite, as a relay node, transmits the data to the ground station when it passes over the ground station, and the ground station then transmits the data to the system monitoring center, realizing remote real-time data transmission; at the same time, the operation commands of the monitoring center are uploaded to the satellite via the ground station, and the commands are transmitted to the corresponding monitoring equipment when the satellite passes over the protection zone, completing two-way communication;

[0057] Power supply management: The system adopts a power supply method that combines solar energy and rechargeable batteries. Under sunlight conditions, the solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy to power the equipment and charge the battery. When there is no sunlight, the battery powers the equipment. The solar management chip optimizes the charging process, and the supercapacitor energy storage ensures the continuous operation of the equipment under conditions of insufficient sunlight, such as cloudy days.

[0058] Early warning and control: The system stores the initial location information of the device. By comparing the real-time location with the initial location, a location warning is triggered when the deviation reaches the warning threshold. Based on the returned data and warning information, the monitoring center performs operations such as parameter adjustment and function control of the device through remote commands to achieve dynamic management of the device.

[0059] Software platform support: The monitoring and management software platform stores, analyzes, and displays the received data. Through various functional modules, it realizes full lifecycle management of equipment assets, operating status, alarm information, etc., provides decision support and operation interface for managers, and ensures efficient and stable operation of the system.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication, characterized in that, include: The terminal monitoring device integrates a data acquisition module, a satellite positioning module, a satellite communication data transmission and reception module, a power supply module, and a control module. Satellite communication networks are used to enable data transmission and command exchange between terminal monitoring equipment and ground stations; The ground station is used to receive data from the terminal monitoring equipment relayed by the satellite and transmit it to the monitoring center, while also uploading the monitoring center's instructions to the satellite; The system monitoring center is equipped with monitoring and management software, which is used to receive, store, and analyze data uploaded by terminal monitoring devices, generate and issue remote operation commands, and has alarm management functions.

2. The intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module includes a device operation status sensor, a battery power sensor, and a weather sensor. The weather sensor integrates at least temperature, humidity, PM2.5, and negative oxygen ion collection units, and can collect corresponding environmental parameters in real time.

3. The intelligent management system for nature reserve monitoring equipment based on satellite narrowband communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite positioning module uses GPS or BeiDou positioning technology to obtain the real-time location information of the terminal monitoring device. The displacement monitoring of the terminal monitoring device adopts an error compensation model that matches GPS positioning with geomagnetic fingerprints, and the positioning accuracy is within 1 meter.

4. The intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module combines solar panels and rechargeable batteries, and includes a solar management chip BQ25504 and a supercapacitor energy storage unit to ensure that the terminal monitoring equipment can work continuously for more than 21 days in cloudy weather.

5. The intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal monitoring device uses an STM32L4R5 chip and an adaptive sampling algorithm for device status monitoring, with a power consumption of only 0.15mA in sleep mode. The terminal monitoring device uses the LZ77 compression algorithm and Base64 encoding for the collected data, achieving a byte compression rate of 83.7%.

6. The intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system is equipped with an early warning mechanism based on changes in geographical location. When the real-time location of the terminal monitoring device deviates from its initial location by 3 meters or more, an early warning of the device's location change is triggered, and the warning information is sent to the system monitoring center.

7. The intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive sampling strategy is as follows: when the battery voltage of the terminal monitoring device is lower than 3.5V, the environmental data sampling interval is automatically extended from half an hour to 4 hours.

8. The intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring and management software includes modules for terminal equipment asset management, remote control, real-time monitoring, alarm management, log management, maintenance management, data analysis, and system management, which can realize full lifecycle monitoring and operation and maintenance management of terminal monitoring equipment.

9. The intelligent management system for monitoring equipment in nature reserves based on satellite narrowband communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the data transmission and command interaction between the terminal monitoring device and the system monitoring center, the data and commands are all packaged and encrypted before being transmitted through the satellite narrowband communication network.

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