Railway flat car and method of transporting large gauge steel plates

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of land transportation technology, and more particularly to a railway flat collection shared vehicle with large-specification steel plate limiting set and a large-specification steel plate transportation method. The dustpan-shaped stop seat for longitudinally stopping the large-specification steel plate is welded to the first bottom frame for supporting the end of the large-specification steel plate in the large-specification steel plate limiting set, and will not be easily damaged after repeated use as in the prior art by using folding or a pin. The dustpan-shaped stop seat has a dustpan-shaped outer shape, a dustpan-shaped space inside that is adapted to the dustpan-shaped outer shape, a gradually increasing transverse width from top to bottom, and a rear wall that is inclined from top to bottom in a direction away from the front surface thereof, which are collectively designed to particularly suitably improve the stopping strength and also satisfy the nesting of the upper and lower dustpan-shaped stop seats. The railway flat collection shared vehicle of the present application can ensure safe transportation and the limiting set used can take into account the convenience of storage and also maintain the safety strength after repeated use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of land transportation technology, and in particular to a railway shared vehicle with a large-size steel plate limiting kit and a method for transporting large-size steel plates. Background Technology

[0002] Large-size steel plates refer to medium-thick plates with a thickness exceeding 10mm, mainly used in special fields such as shipbuilding. A key characteristic of these steel plates is that they can only be transported in their original flat, plate-like state. When transporting large-size steel plates using shared railcars, steel wire ropes are used for horizontal, vertical, and end-pulling ties to secure the steel plates to the wagon. This tying process is complex, extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive, and prone to deviations, seriously threatening the safety of railway freight transport.

[0003] Existing technology has proposed a solution where the front and rear transport frames are fixed to a railway shared transport vehicle, forming a longitudinal transport area together. A middle transport frame is installed between the front and rear frames, creating a lateral constraint area. However, to facilitate the storage of multiple transport frames when not in operation, the longitudinal baffles and lateral supports can be folded into a horizontally retracted state. While this foldable structure facilitates storage, it inevitably reduces the strength of the transport frames during operation. Especially after repeated folding and impacts, the foldable structure may loosen, significantly reducing the strength of the transport frames, rendering them unusable or causing safety issues.

[0004] Another solution proposed in the prior art involves installing reinforcement components around the perimeter of the base plate structure. These components include horizontally positioned fixing parts for connection to the base plate structure and vertically positioned blocking parts for stopping the steel plates. The base plate structure has several adjustment holes for adjusting the lateral or longitudinal position of the reinforcement components, which are connected to these holes via pins. While this prior art provides some degree of protection against the steel plates, the connection between the reinforcement components and the shared railway wagon via pins and adjustment holes is significantly weakened by repeated disassembly, assembly, and impacts. This leads to the reinforcement components easily failing to stop the steel plates, rendering them unusable or causing safety issues.

[0005] In summary, no existing technology has proposed a large-size steel plate limiting kit suitable for transporting large-size steel plates, which is easy to store and can maintain safety strength after repeated use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a railway flat-pack shared car and a method for transporting large-size steel plates, which are equipped with a large-size steel plate limiting kit that can be both stored and maintain safety strength after repeated use.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0010] This invention provides a railway flatbed shared vehicle with a large-size steel plate limiting kit, including a floor. The large-size steel plate limiting kit includes two end stops located at both longitudinal ends of the floor. Each end stop includes a first base frame and at least one scoop-shaped stop. The first base frame can be detachably installed on the floor and is used to support the ends of the large-size steel plates. The scoop-shaped stop is fixed to one end of the first base frame. The lateral width of the scoop-shaped stop gradually increases from top to bottom, and the scoop-shaped stop forms a scoop-shaped space that opens forward and downward. The longitudinal section of the scoop-shaped stop is a right trapezoid, and the front surface of the scoop-shaped stop is vertically oriented, forming a stopping area for longitudinally stopping the ends of the large-size steel plates. The rear wall of the scoop-shaped stop is inclined from top to bottom away from its front surface. When multiple end stops are stacked and housed, the scoop-shaped stop of the lower end stop can extend into the scoop-shaped space of the scoop-shaped stop of the upper end stop.

[0011] Optionally, the large-size steel plate limiting kit also includes a central bracket, which includes a second bottom frame detachably mounted in the center of the floor. The railway flatbed shared vehicle has a first working state, a second working state, and a third working state: In the first working state, two end stops and the second bottom frame are detachably mounted on the floor, and the stopping areas of the two end stops form a stacking space for a large-size steel plate. The first bottom frame of the two end stops supports the two longitudinal ends of the large-size steel plate, and the second bottom frame supports the center of the large-size steel plate; In the second working state, the two end stops and the second bottom frame are detachably mounted on the floor, and the stopping areas of the two end stops... Between the stop area and the second bottom frame, a stacking space is formed for two large-size steel plates. The first bottom frame of the two end stop frames is used to support one longitudinal end of the two large-size steel plates, and the other longitudinal ends of the two large-size steel plates are overlapped and supported on the second bottom frame. In the third working state, the two end stop frames and the second bottom frame are detachably installed on the floor. The stop area of ​​the two end stop frames and the second bottom frame form a stacking space for two large-size steel plates, and the two large-size steel plates are relatively independent. The first bottom frame of the two end stop frames is used to support one longitudinal end of the large-size steel plates in the two stacking spaces, and the second bottom frame is used to support the other longitudinal end of the large-size steel plates in the two stacking spaces.

[0012] Optionally, the central bracket also includes a central stop, which is detachably connected to the second bottom frame. The railway flat-pack shared car also has a fourth working state: in the fourth working state, the two end stops and the second bottom frame are detachably installed on the floor and the central stop is detachably installed in the middle of the second bottom frame. The stop areas of the two end stops and the central stop form two independent stacking spaces for two large-size steel plates. The first bottom frames of the two end stops are respectively used to support one longitudinal end of the large-size steel plate in the two stacking spaces, and the second bottom frames are used to support the other longitudinal end of the large-size steel plate in the two stacking spaces.

[0013] Optionally, on the first bottom frame of each end stop, along the direction away from the stop area, a first pair of container corner brackets, a second pair of container corner brackets, a third pair of container corner brackets, and a fourth pair of container corner brackets are fixed in sequence. Each of these four pairs of container corner brackets includes two container corner brackets located on both sides of the first bottom frame, and one of these four pairs of container corner brackets is connected to a pair of container locks on the end of the floor of the railway flat-pack shared car; the railway flat-pack shared car is 15.When using a 4-meter-class railway flat-pack shared wagon: When the first pair of container corner brackets of both end stops are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both longitudinal ends of the floor, the distance between the stop zones of the two end stops is 11638mm; when the second pair of container corner brackets of both end stops are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both longitudinal ends of the floor, the distance between the stop zones of the two end stops is 13000mm; when the third pair of container corner brackets of both end stops are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both longitudinal ends of the floor, the distance between the stop zones of the two end stops is 14000mm; when the fourth pair of container corner brackets of both end stops are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both longitudinal ends of the floor, the distance between the stop zones of the two end stops is... The distance between the stop zones is 15180mm; when the first container corner brackets of the two end stop frames are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the floor, the first, second, third, and fourth working states are respectively applicable to large-size steel plates with lengths of 10276-11638mm, 7316-8516mm, 5296-5819mm, and 5296-5603mm; when the second container corner brackets of the two end stop frames are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the floor, the first, second, third, and fourth working states are respectively applicable to large-size steel plates with lengths of 11638-13000mm, 79... Large-size steel plates with lengths of 97-9197mm, 5819-6500mm, and 5977-6284mm are suitable for use in the following applications: When the third container corner fittings of the two end stops are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both longitudinal ends of the floor, the first, second, third, and fourth working states are applicable to large-size steel plates with lengths of 12638-14000mm, 8497-9697mm, 6477-7000mm, and 6477-6784mm, respectively; When the fourth container corner fittings of the two end stops are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both longitudinal ends of the floor, the first, second, third, and fourth working states are applicable to use in the following applications in the following applications: For large-sized steel plates with lengths ranging from 13818-15180mm, 9087-10276mm, 7000-7590mm, and 7067-7374mm; when the railway flatbed shared wagon is 13 meters long: when the first container corner pieces of the two end stop frames are simultaneously connected to the container lock heads at both ends of the floor, the distance between the stop zones of the two end stop frames is 11638mm. The first, second, third, and fourth working states are respectively applicable to large-sized steel plates with lengths ranging from 10276-11638mm, 7316-8516mm, 5296-5603mm, and 5296-5603mm.

[0014] Optionally, the large-size steel plate limiting kit also includes chains for binding large-size steel plates to provide lateral restraint; a pair of first chain connection positions are provided on each of the two longitudinal edges of the first bottom frame, the distance between the first chain connection position and the stop area of ​​the hopper-shaped stop is 1734-1930mm; two pairs of second chain connection positions are provided at the four corners of the second bottom frame, the distance between the two pairs of second chain connection positions and the container corner fittings in the middle of the bottom frame is in the range of 1175-1180mm and 871-876mm respectively; both the pair of first chain connection positions and the two pairs of second chain connection positions can be connected... Connecting chains; In the first working state: a stack of large-size steel plates can be bound in four ways by chains connecting the first chain connection points of the two first bottom frames and the two pairs of second chain connection points of the second bottom frame; In the second working state: a stack of large-size steel plates can be bound in three ways by chains connecting the first chain connection point of the first bottom frame and the two pairs of second chain connection points of the second bottom frame; In the third and fourth working states: a stack of large-size steel plates can be bound in two ways by chains connecting the first chain connection point of the first bottom frame and the two pairs of second chain connection points of the second bottom frame.

[0015] Optionally, in each end stop, along the direction away from the stop area: in the first container corner bracket pair, the second container corner bracket pair, the third container corner bracket pair and the fourth container corner bracket pair, the left container corner brackets are successively the left bottom corner bracket, the left bottom corner bracket, the left bottom corner bracket and the right bottom corner bracket, and the right container corner brackets are successively the right bottom corner bracket, the right bottom corner bracket and the right bottom corner bracket and the left bottom corner bracket.

[0016] Optionally, the middle stop is a frustum shape with a cross-sectional area that gradually increases from top to bottom, and the middle stop forms a downward-opening frustum space. When multiple middle brackets are stacked and stored, the middle stop of the lower middle bracket can extend into the frustum space of the middle stop of the upper middle bracket. The bottom of the middle stop is provided with a flange, and the middle of the second bottom frame is provided with a rectangular mounting hole 26. The middle stop is clamped between the second bottom frame and the floor through the flange to form a detachable connection with the second bottom frame. The second bottom frame has a through hole for the scoop-shaped stop to pass through, so that the second bottom frame can be stacked on the end stop frame when stored. The middle of the second bottom frame is provided with a pair of container corner pieces, which are connected to the container lock head in the middle of the floor.

[0017] Optionally, the end stop includes two scoop-shaped stops, which are fixed laterally to the first base frame at intervals. The top wall of each scoop-shaped stop has a thickness of ≥90mm and a lateral dimension of ≥300mm. The angle between the rear wall and top wall of the scoop-shaped stop is between 100° and 110°. The angle between the side wall and top wall of the scoop-shaped stop is between 110° and 120°. The thickness of the top wall, side wall, and rear wall of the scoop-shaped stop is ≥8mm. A top wall reinforcing tube is fixed to the outer side of the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop, and two side wall reinforcing tubes are fixed to the outer side of the side wall of the scoop-shaped stop. The areas protruding from the first bottom frame on the front surface of the top wall and the front surface of the side wall are located in the same vertical plane as the front surface of the side wall reinforcing tube, together forming a stop area for the longitudinal stop of the large-size steel plate, and the height of the stop area is greater than or equal to 450mm; the top wall reinforcing tube includes a first square tube, which is laterally fixed to the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop; the side wall reinforcing tube includes a second square tube and a gasket, the second square tube is fixed to the side wall of the scoop-shaped stop, and the gasket is fixed to the front surface of the second square tube, and the front surface of the gasket constitutes part of the stop area; the longitudinal dimensions of the first square tube and the second square tube are in the range of 83-118mm.

[0018] Optionally, the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop has a longitudinal dimension of 100mm, a transverse dimension of 362mm, a height of 500mm, and an angle of 102° between the rear wall and the top wall; the thickness of the top wall, side wall, and rear wall of the scoop-shaped stop is 12mm, and the angle between the side wall and the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop is 107°; the first square tube and the second square tube are both 100×50mm square tubes with a wall thickness of 4mm; the longitudinal dimension of the gasket is 18-22mm.

[0019] Another aspect of this embodiment provides a method for transporting large-size steel plates, utilizing the aforementioned railway flat-pack shared car equipped with large-size steel plate limiting kits; the large-size steel plates are stacked between the stop areas of two end stop frames, and the longitudinal ends of the large-size steel plates are placed on the first bottom frame of the end stop frames.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] The railway flat-and-share car of the present invention, featuring a large-size steel plate limiting kit, welds the scoop-shaped stop for longitudinally stopping the large-size steel plate to the first bottom frame supporting the end of the large-size steel plate. This avoids the issues of folding or pinning as in existing technologies, which can lead to failure after repeated use. The comprehensive design of the scoop-shaped stop, including its scoop-shaped shape, internal scoop-shaped space adapted to its shape, gradually increasing lateral width from top to bottom, and rear wall sloping downwards away from its front surface, is particularly suitable for improving stopping strength while allowing the upper and lower scoop-shaped stops to be stacked during storage. The railway flat-and-share car of the present invention ensures safe transportation, and the limiting kit is both convenient to store and maintains safety strength after repeated use. Furthermore, the hollow design of the first bottom frame and the scoop-shaped space design of the scoop-shaped stop also contribute to weight reduction in the railway flat-and-share car.

[0023] The present invention provides a method for transporting large-size steel plates. Utilizing a railway flatcar equipped with a large-size steel plate limiting kit, the large-size steel plates are stacked between the stopping areas of two end stop frames, with the longitudinal ends of the large-size steel plates resting on the first bottom frame of the end stop frames. This provides effective and stable stopping for the large-size steel plates, improving transportation safety. Furthermore, the large-size steel plate limiting kit is reusable and will not fail, reducing transportation costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figures 1-4 The diagrams are shown in sequence as follows: the first working state, the second working state, the third working state, and the fourth working state of Embodiment 1 of the railway flat-and-combination shared vehicle with large-size steel plate limiting kit of the present invention.

[0025] Figures 5-7 The images are, in sequence, three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the end stop frame in Embodiment 1 from the first, second, and third perspectives.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first bottom frame of the end stop bracket in Embodiment 1;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the scoop-shaped stop of the end stop frame in Embodiment 1;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the central bracket in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second bottom frame of the central bracket in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the central stop of the central bracket in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 13This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the stacking of the end stop frame and the second bottom frame in multiple embodiments 1;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overlapping middle stop seats in multiple embodiments 1. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] See Figures 1-14 This embodiment provides a railway flatbed shared car with a large-size steel plate limiting kit. The railway flatbed shared car in this embodiment is a 15.4-meter class car, which includes a floor 1. This embodiment does not improve the structure of existing 15.4-meter class railway flatbed shared cars; it simply adds a large-size steel plate limiting kit to the car. This limiting kit is particularly suitable for limiting large-size steel plates A with longitudinal dimensions in the range of 5296-15180mm, transverse dimensions in the range of 2000-3300mm, and a thickness greater than or equal to 10mm on a 15.4-meter class railway flatbed shared car.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the large-size steel plate limiting kit includes two end stops 2 located at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the floor 1 and a central bracket 6 located in the middle of the floor 1. The two end stops 2 support the ends of the large-size steel plate A (providing upward support to the large-size steel plate A), and simultaneously limit the longitudinal movement of the large-size steel plate A during transportation if it moves forward or backward. The central bracket 6 supports the middle or end of the large-size steel plate A. The end stops 2 and the central bracket 6 cooperate to keep the large-size steel plate A in a basically straight state during transportation.

[0037] The end stop 2 in this embodiment mainly includes two scoop-shaped stops 4 and a steel first base frame 3. The first base frame 3 can be detachably installed on the floor 1 and can support the end of the large-size steel plate A. The two scoop-shaped stops 4 are spaced laterally and welded to one end of the first base frame 3. The arrangement of two spaced scoop-shaped stops 4 can fully cover the longitudinal end of the large-size steel plate A while minimizing the increase in weight of the end stop 2. The two scoop-shaped stops 4 have completely identical structures, so only one will be described in detail below.

[0038] See Figures 5-9, first, the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 includes a steel structure main body composed of a top wall (shown as 4a in the figure), two side walls with the same structure (shown as 4b in the figure), and a rear wall (shown as 4c in the figure). The lateral width of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 (which can also be understood as the lateral width of the steel structure main body) gradually increases from top to bottom. The top wall, two side walls, and rear wall of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 enclose a dustpan-shaped space 5 that is open forward and downward. The longitudinal section of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 is a right trapezoid. The front surface of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 is vertically oriented, forming a stop area S for longitudinally stopping the end of the large-size steel plate A. The rear wall of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 slopes away from its front surface from top to bottom. In the structural description of the end stop frame 2, the direction facing the large-size steel plate A is "front", and the opposite direction is "rear".

[0039] Furthermore, a top wall reinforcement pipe is welded and fixed to the outer side of the top wall of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4, and two side wall reinforcement pipes are welded and fixed to the outer surface of the side walls. The front surface of the top wall of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4, the area of the front surfaces of the two side walls that protrude from the first bottom frame 3, and the front surfaces of the two side wall reinforcement pipes are located in the same vertical plane, jointly forming the stop area S for longitudinally stopping the end of the large-size steel plate A. It can be understood that the shape of the stop area S in this embodiment is a U-shaped with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part.

[0040] Among them, the top wall reinforcement pipe includes a first square pipe 17 made of Q355 steel. The first square pipe 17 is horizontally welded to the top surface of the top wall of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4, and the front surface of the first square pipe 17 is staggered backward relative to the front surface of the top wall and does not participate in forming the stop area S. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the front surface of the first square pipe 17 can also be flush with the front surface of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 to participate in forming the stop area S.

[0041] The side wall reinforcement pipe includes a second square pipe 18 made of Q355 steel and a gasket 19. The second square pipe 18 is welded to the outer surface of the side wall. The material of the gasket 19 is plastic, which can be nylon or PVC. The gasket 19 is fixed to the front surface of the second square pipe 18 by bolts, and the front surface of the gasket 19 constitutes a part of the stop area S. The two ends of the first square pipe 17 and the tops of the second square pipes 18 on both sides are welded to form a U-shaped strengthening structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part to improve strength.

[0042] Furthermore, considering the convenience of installing the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 on the first bottom frame 3, two rectangular through holes 20 are provided in the first bottom frame 3. The two dustpan-shaped stop seats 4 respectively correspond to the two rectangular through holes 20. The bottom of the side walls and rear wall of the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 is configured to be able to pass through its corresponding rectangular through hole 20 and be bent to form a first flanging 23 for welding with the first bottom frame 3, so as to fix the dustpan-shaped stop seat 4 on the first bottom frame 3 for supporting the large-size steel plate A.

[0043] Furthermore, the first base frame 3 also includes a steel U-shaped cover plate 21. The rectangular hole of the U-shaped cover plate 21 corresponds to the aforementioned rectangular through hole 20 and is fitted onto the scoop-shaped stop 4. The U-shaped cover plate 21 is welded to the first base frame 3 to further strengthen it.

[0044] In summary, the top wall, two side walls, and rear wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4 enclose a scoop-shaped space 5 that opens forward and downward. The scoop-shaped stop 4 is an isosceles trapezoid when viewed from the front, and narrower at the top and wider at the bottom when viewed from the side; correspondingly, the scoop-shaped space 5 is an isosceles trapezoid when viewed from the front, and narrower at the top and wider at the bottom in its longitudinal section.

[0045] From a stress perspective, the scoop-shaped design, with its scoop-shaped space 5 opening towards the large steel plate A, is inherently stable, resistant to deformation, and impact-resistant. Furthermore, the inclined side and rear walls of the scoop-shaped stop 4 further enhance the structure's stability, impact resistance, and deformation resistance. Therefore, the scoop-shaped design combined with the inclined side and rear walls is particularly suitable for improving stop strength. Simultaneously, the welded connection between the scoop-shaped stop 4 and the first bottom frame 3 avoids the risk of failure after repeated use, unlike existing technologies that use folding or pins. Two scoop-shaped stop 4 provide a wide and high stop.

[0046] From a storage perspective Figure 13 The diagram illustrates the stacked state of multiple end stop frames 2. It can be seen that when multiple end stop frames 2 are stacked vertically, in every two adjacent end stop frames 2, the first bottom frame 3 of the upper end stop frame 2 overlaps the first bottom frame 3 of the lower end stop frame 2. The scoop-shaped stop 4 of the lower end stop frame 2 can extend into the scoop-shaped space 5 of the scoop-shaped stop 4 of the upper end stop frame 2, forming two nested scoop-shaped stop 4s. The adapted scoop-shaped shape and the design of the scoop-shaped space 5 facilitate the nesting of the upper and lower scoop-shaped stop 4s, solving the storage problem and enhancing the stability during stacking. Overall, the end stop frames 2 can be conveniently and safely returned, with low transportation costs.

[0047] Furthermore, while ensuring convenient storage and maintaining safety and strength after repeated use, the hollow design of the first bottom frame 3 and the design of the scoop-shaped shape and scoop-shaped space 5 also help reduce the weight of the end stop frame 2.

[0048] The specific design of the scoop-shaped baffle 4 in this embodiment is further described below. The top and rear walls of the scoop-shaped baffle 4 are formed by bending a 12mm thick Q355 steel plate. Bending a single steel plate results in higher strength and easier assembly than forming two parts separately and then welding them. The top wall is rectangular, with its length parallel to the transverse direction, and has a thickness of 12mm. If the transverse dimension of the top wall is too small, the top wall strength will be low, and the effective blocking width will be significantly insufficient when a large steel plate A impacts the top wall.

[0049] Therefore, when designing the dimensions of the top wall, firstly, the longitudinal dimension of the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4 has little impact on strength, but for bending a 12mm thick steel plate, the longitudinal dimension of the top wall must allow for more than 50mm to facilitate clamping by the bending machine. Simultaneously, the longitudinal dimension of the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4 actually depends on the height of the stop area S and the inclination angle of the side wall; the smaller the inclination angle and the higher the stop area S, the smaller the longitudinal dimension of the top wall must be. Secondly, since the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4 serves as a blocking component, the dimensions of the square groove used for inserting blocking posts on the side of railway vehicles are referenced. The internal width of this groove is 90×90mm, so the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the top wall should both be greater than 90mm. At the same time, considering the effective stopping of the edge of the large-size steel plate A, the transverse dimension of the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4 should be greater than or equal to 300mm. Furthermore, in this embodiment, considering the number and strength of the scoop-shaped stops 4, as well as their compatibility with other subsequent structural dimensions, the longitudinal dimension of the top wall is 100mm, and the transverse dimension is 362mm. The transverse distance between the two outer edges of the top walls of the two scoop-shaped stops 4 is greater than or equal to 800mm. This provides a wider stop.

[0050] The two side walls of the scoop-shaped stop 4 are each formed by an independent 12mm thick Q355 right-angled trapezoidal steel plate. The two side walls are symmetrically welded to both sides of the top wall, forming an angle β between them. Theoretically, the angle β between the top wall and the side wall must be an obtuse angle; otherwise, the end stop 2 would not have the ability to be stacked (stacking is detailed below). The larger the angle β between the side wall and the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4, the better it is for storage, reducing the phenomenon of jamming during stacking. Simultaneously, the larger the angle β between the side wall and the top wall, the larger the gap after stacking, allowing for an increase in the thickness of the top wall reinforcement tube and the side wall reinforcement tube, further improving the strength of the scoop-shaped stop 4. Of course, when the angle β between the side wall and the top wall is large, the distance between the bottom of the two side walls becomes too large, potentially resulting in insufficient space. Therefore, during the design process, an included angle β is first assumed, and the gap between the upper and lower scoop-shaped supports 4 in the stacked state is calculated. Based on this, the thickness of the top and side wall reinforcing pipes is assumed. Then, the overall structural stress is comprehensively evaluated to obtain the ideal values ​​for the required thicknesses of the top and side wall reinforcing pipes. Finally, the included angle is adjusted. Because the height of the first bottom frame 3 is pre-set (meeting the railway loading outline limitations), the thickness of the top, side, and rear walls is 12mm. After stacking, the thickness of the first square tube 17 and the second square tube 18 (described in detail later), which serve as reinforcing pipes, is 50mm, which meets the strength requirements. Therefore, the included angle β is selected within a range of 110°-120° through drawing and measurement. In this embodiment, the included angle β is set to 117°. Combined with the 50mm thickness of the first square tube 17 and the second square tube 18, the scoop-shaped supports 4 can fit tightly between stacked layers, preventing lateral movement and facilitating the safe return of the steel support frame.

[0051] Among the design considerations, the height of the stop zone S is primarily determined by the stack thickness of the entire stack of steel plates. Due to the limitations of the steel plate lifting clamp diameter, multiple layers of straw bundles are sometimes needed between the steel plate layers. In this embodiment, the end stop frame 2 limits the loading width and length of the steel plates (width 2300~3300mm, length 5296mm~15180mm). Therefore, based on a loading limit of 70 tons per vehicle (including multiple layers of straw bundles), the total stack height of steel plates of different specifications is less than 450mm. Thus, the stop zone S must be at least 450mm high. Furthermore, if the scoop-shaped stop 4 is too high, it may exceed the height limit and increase weight. Therefore, while still achieving the function of stopping large-sized steel plates A, the height of the stop zone S should not be too high. Ultimately, in this embodiment, the height of the stop zone S is chosen to be 500mm. However, since part of the scoop-shaped stop 4, which will be introduced later, is located in the first bottom frame 3, and the top wall reinforcement pipe, which will be introduced later, is not used to directly contact the large-size steel plate A, when the final height of the scoop-shaped stop 4 exposed in the first bottom frame 3 to stop the large-size steel plate A is 500mm, plus the part of the scoop-shaped stop 4 extending into the first bottom frame 3, the vertical height of the side wall is 645mm; plus the top wall reinforcement pipe, the height of the scoop-shaped stop 4 is 694mm, which can provide a sufficiently high stop.

[0052] In the scoop-shaped stop 4, the front surface of the side wall, which serves as a right-angled side, and the front surface of the top wall are located in the same vertical plane. The rear surface of the side wall, which serves as a hypotenuse, and the rear wall itself are inclined downwards and outwards relative to the vertical plane. The angle between the rear wall and the top wall in this embodiment is 102°. The selection of the angle between the rear wall and the top wall first considers the relative width of the top and bottom edges of the side wall and the height of the stop area S. The relative width is obtained by calculating the required structural strength, and the height of the stop area S has been described above as being determined. The larger the angle between the rear wall and the top wall, the better the stress on the rear wall structure, and it also facilitates stacking and reduces self-weight. Appropriately increasing the longitudinal dimension of the bottom edge of the side wall will also increase the angle between the rear wall and the top wall, and at the same time, improve the stress on the rear wall. In the actual design, the longitudinal dimension of the bottom edge of the side wall is 250mm. Of course, it is not limited to 102°; the angle between the rear wall and the top wall can be selected within the range of 100°-110°.

[0053] The rear wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4 is an isosceles trapezoid. The rear wall is welded to the rear surfaces of the two side walls. It can be understood that the rear wall is constructed as an isosceles trapezoid to fit the shape of the top wall and the two side walls. Therefore, the lateral dimension of the top edge of the isosceles trapezoidal rear wall is equal to the lateral dimension of the top wall, which is 362mm. The base angle of the isosceles trapezoidal rear wall is 63° (180°-117°=63°).

[0054] First, a retaining wall model was designed, including data such as the rear wall angle, the relative width of the side walls, the height of the stop zone S, and the longitudinal dimensions of the reinforcing pipes calculated subsequently. Strength was measured, and the model was gradually modified. Finally, the thickness of the top wall, rear wall, and side walls was determined to be greater than or equal to 8mm. Of course, considering factors such as weight and bending, greater thickness generally results in higher strength. Therefore, a thickness of 12mm was chosen in this embodiment.

[0055] The installation of top and side wall reinforcing pipes, along with the rational selection of their longitudinal dimensions, compensates for the thinness of the top, side, and rear walls, giving the scoop-shaped baffle 4 better resistance to impact from large steel plates A. Simultaneously, the top and side wall reinforcing pipes are also effective measures to prevent the top, side, and rear walls from twisting or deforming. Of course, with these reinforcing pipes, simulated stress analysis shows that a rear wall thickness of 8mm is sufficient to meet the strength requirements. As discussed above, the 50mm thickness perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first square tube 17 and the second square tube 18 is coordinated with the dimensional selection of several other structures. The selection of the longitudinal dimensions of the first square tube 17 and the second square tube 18 is relatively less stringent, falling within the range of 83-118mm. In this embodiment, the longitudinal dimensions of the first square tube 17 and the second square tube 18 are selected as 100mm. After the longitudinal dimensions and thickness of the first square tube 17 and the second square tube 18 were basically determined, and after stress analysis, the wall thickness of the first square tube 17 and the second square tube 18 was selected as 4mm, which is sufficient to meet the strength requirements and also reduces the weight as much as possible to save costs.

[0056] The gasket 19 on the second square tube 18 is installed flush with the edge of the side wall to prevent direct impact between the large steel plate A and the edge of the side wall. The thicker the gasket 19 on the second square tube 18, the better, as it is less prone to breakage. However, if it is too thick, the second square tube 18 needs to be moved back to accommodate it, affecting stacking. Therefore, the longitudinal dimensions and shape of the side wall and the longitudinal dimensions of the second square tube 18 determine that the thickness of the gasket 19 on the second square tube 18 is only allowed to be within the range of 1-22mm, and the larger value should be selected within this range. Considering all the above factors, in this embodiment, the thickness of the gasket 19 on the second square tube 18 is selected as 18mm.

[0057] In this embodiment, based on the fact that the scoop-shaped shape combined with the inclined design of the side and rear walls is particularly suitable for improving the strength of the stop, a zigzag reinforcing structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom is further preferably added to further increase the strength of the scoop-shaped stop 4 and increase the area of ​​the stop area S, thus protecting the scoop-shaped stop 4 and the large-size steel plate A from damage to each other.

[0058] Of course, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, only one scoop-shaped stop 4 may be fixed on the first bottom frame 3. In this case, the lateral dimension of the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4 should be increased compared to this embodiment to provide repeated stopping for the large-size steel plate A. For example, the lateral dimension of the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop 4 may be increased to 150mm. Alternatively, the scoop-shaped stop 4 may be modified to not have a top wall reinforcing tube and a side wall reinforcing tube, and the thickness of the top wall, side wall and rear wall may be increased accordingly to 16-18mm, which can also effectively stop the large-size steel plate A.

[0059] See Figures 5-8 In this embodiment, the first bottom frame 3 specifically includes a steel first rectangular outer frame and a first horizontal beam and a first vertical beam welded inside the first rectangular outer frame. The first rectangular outer frame, the first horizontal beam, and the first vertical beam are all made of square tubing to reduce weight. Rubber pads 22 are provided in the areas of the first rectangular outer frame / first horizontal beam / first vertical beam that contact the large-size steel plate A to better support the large-size steel plate A. Hooks are also provided on the longitudinal outer walls of the first bottom frame 3 according to the center of gravity for hoisting.

[0060] The longitudinal dimension of the end stop 2, which is also the longitudinal dimension of the first bottom frame 3, is 2300mm. The end stop 2 can fit perfectly into a small truck, facilitating transportation. The lateral dimension of the end stop 2 cannot be less than the width of a standard container (2438mm) nor greater than the railway outline restriction of 3400mm. Considering the width of a large truck (2800mm), the end stop 2 can preferably fit perfectly in the width direction. Furthermore, as long as the cargo on the large truck does not exceed the 2800mm width, it is not considered oversized transport. Therefore, the width of the end stop 2 is designed not to exceed 2800mm for easy return transport. In this embodiment, the lateral dimension of the end stop 2 (including the hook), which is also the lateral dimension of the first bottom frame 3, is 2718mm; the lateral dimension of the end stop 2 without the hook is 2558mm. To elevate the cargo and meet the railway freight transport outline restriction, the height of the first bottom frame 3 is 144mm. The height of the stop area S, as described above, is 500mm. The thickness of the first square tube 17 is 50 mm. Therefore, the height of the end stop 2 is 694 mm. In other embodiments, the longitudinal dimension of the end stop 2 is in the range of 2300-4000 mm, and the transverse dimension is in the range of 2438-3400 mm.

[0061] Furthermore, in this embodiment, two pairs of container corner brackets are fixed on the first bottom frame 3 at longitudinal intervals. Each pair of container corner brackets includes two container corner brackets located on both sides of the first bottom frame 3, used to connect with a pair of container locks on the railway flatbed car. Four sets (eight) of container locks are provided at the four corners and the middle of the railway flatbed car to lock the bottom corner brackets of the container when loading the container. In this embodiment, the container corner brackets are incorporated into the end stop frame 2, which is convenient to use the existing container locks on the railway flatbed car to fix the end stop frame 2. On the one hand, the railway flatbed car does not need to be modified, so the end stop frame 2 of this embodiment has good versatility; on the other hand, the connection between the container locks and the corner brackets is firmer than the existing movable connection and pin connection, which is less prone to failure and provides a stable stop for the large-size steel plate A; furthermore, the container corner brackets themselves are existing conventional components with low cost. Furthermore, four pairs of container corner fittings are provided. By selecting any of the container locks on the railway flat-pack shared vehicle, the distance of the steel plate placement space can be adjusted, which is suitable for different steel plates.

[0062] Therefore, the distance between the two container corner fittings in each pair of container corner fittings should be adapted to the distance between a pair of container locks on a railway flat-pack shared car, and the container corner fittings are welded and fixed between the first rectangular outer frame and the adjacent first longitudinal beam.

[0063] Specifically, along the direction away from the stop area S, from front to back, the four container corner fitting pairs are named as follows: First Container Corner Fitting Pair 9, Second Container Corner Fitting Pair 10, Third Container Corner Fitting Pair 11, and Fourth Container Corner Fitting Pair 12. Among these four pairs, the left-side container corner fittings sequentially adopt the left bottom corner fitting, left bottom corner fitting, left bottom corner fitting, and right bottom corner fitting as specified in GB / T 1835-2023 "Series 1 Container Corner Fitting Technical Requirements," while the right-side container corner fittings sequentially adopt the right bottom corner fitting, right bottom corner fitting, right bottom corner fitting, and left bottom corner fitting as specified in GB / T 1835-2023 "Series 1 Container Corner Fitting Technical Requirements." The use of these standard corner fittings is primarily to ensure that, in specific positions, the left and right bottom corner fittings allow operators to easily observe through their holes whether the container corner fittings and container locks are properly connected.

[0064] Referring to the position of the stop area S of the hopper-shaped stop 4, the positions of the four pairs of container corner fittings have also been specially designed, specifically as follows:

[0065] The first container corner bracket pair 9 is located on the side facing away from the stop area S, and the distance between it and the stop area S is 173mm; the second container corner bracket pair 10 is located on the side facing the stop area S, and the distance between it and the stop area S is 508mm; the third container corner bracket pair 11 is located on the side facing the stop area S, and the distance between it and the stop area S is 1008mm; the fourth container corner bracket pair 12 is located on the side facing the stop area S, and the distance between it and the stop area S is 1597mm. When measuring the above distances, the center of the hole on the center corner bracket of the container corner bracket pair is used as the reference. Based on the above ideal values ​​of this embodiment, considering process errors and measurement errors, as well as the difference between the above values ​​and the actual dimensions of the transported goods, preferably, the distance between the first container corner bracket pair 21 and the stop area is set to be between 173±5mm to have a similar effect; the distance between the second container corner bracket pair 22 and the stop area is set to be between 508±5mm to have a similar effect; the distance between the third container corner bracket pair 23 and the stop area is set to be between 1008±5mm to have a similar effect; and the distance between the fourth container corner bracket pair 24 and the stop area is set to be between 1597±5mm to have a similar effect.

[0066] The above describes how the end stop 2 of this embodiment longitudinally limits the large-size steel plate A. This embodiment also includes a chain 13 for binding the large-size steel plate A to provide lateral limiting. Specifically, a first chain connection position 14 is provided on each of the two longitudinal edges of the first bottom frame 3. The distance between the first chain connection position 14 and the stop area S is 1862mm (measured with its center as the reference). The first chain connection position 14 can connect to a G80 standard chain 13. Of course, the distance between the first chain connection position 14 and the stop area S is not limited to 1862mm. The main consideration for choosing this distance is that if the distance is too large, on the one hand, it will increase the longitudinal dimension of the scoop-shaped stop 4, thus increasing its weight; on the other hand, the fixed position of the chain 13 will form a very long lever, and the centrifugal force will cause the steel plate to move laterally, resulting in a large shearing force between the two locks on the railway shared railcar. However, increasing the distance between the first chain connection point 14 and the stop area S also has advantages. The chain 13 is positioned further from the end of the steel plate, resulting in a stronger bond and more stable overall fixation of the steel plate. Simultaneously, according to standards, the distance between the chain 13 connection point and the end face of the large-size steel plate A must be greater than 300mm. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the various fixing positions of the end stop bracket 2 described above, ensuring that regardless of the fixing position, the requirement of greater than 300mm is met, and preferably exceeding 500mm. Considering all factors, the distance between the first chain connection point 14 and the stop area S can be appropriately selected within the range of 1734-1930mm. Furthermore, using a steel chain 13 for binding is superior to using a steel wire rope. The chain 13 has links, making it more difficult for the steel plate to slip at bends compared to steel wire rope. The distance between the two chain connection points is 1000-2300mm.

[0067] In summary, this embodiment provides a special reinforcement method for the reusable end stop 2 with an additional chain 13, which can effectively improve work efficiency, reduce labor intensity, save transportation costs, and enhance transportation safety.

[0068] Reference Figures 10-12The central support 6 includes a steel second bottom frame 7 and a steel central stop 8. The second bottom frame 7 is detachably installed in the center of the floor 1 to support a large steel plate A. The second bottom frame 7 includes a second rectangular outer frame and a second horizontal beam and a second vertical beam welded inside the second rectangular outer frame. The second rectangular outer frame, the second horizontal beam, and the second vertical beam are all made of steel; in this embodiment, Q355 steel is selected. In the center of the second bottom frame 7, the second horizontal beam and the second vertical beam enclose a rectangular mounting hole 26. Rubber pads are fixed to the beams on the front and rear sides of the second rectangular outer frame to better support the large steel plate A. Hooks are fixed to both sides of the second rectangular outer frame. The central stop 8 is made of steel, and its cross-sectional area gradually increases from top to bottom, forming a downward-opening frustum-shaped space 16. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the second rectangular outer frame are the same as those of the first rectangular outer frame, and the second bottom frame 7 has a through hole for the scoop-shaped stop 4 to pass through. Therefore, referring to... Figure 13 When multiple end stops 2 and middle brackets 6 are stacked and stored, all end stops 2 can be placed on the lower layer, and the second bottom frames 7 of all middle brackets 6 can be placed on the upper layer. The second bottom frames 7 of adjacent middle brackets 6 are stacked together, and the second bottom frames 7 are stacked on top of the first bottom frames 3. The second bottom frames 7 are fitted onto multiple nested scoop-shaped stops 4, or in other words, the multiple nested scoop-shaped stops 4 protrude through the through holes of the second bottom frames 7. In this storage method, multiple middle stops 8 are individually nested and stored. Therefore, the end stops 2 and middle brackets 6 can be conveniently and safely returned together, with low transportation costs.

[0069] To facilitate the optional installation of the middle stop 8 and the second bottom frame 7 together, the bottom of the middle stop 8 is provided with a second flange 24. When the middle stop 8 extends upward through the rectangular mounting hole 26, the second flange 24 can be clamped between the second bottom frame 7 and the railway flatbed shared car floor 1. After the second bottom frame 7 is installed on the railway flatbed shared car floor 1, the second flange 24 is clamped between the second bottom frame 7 and the railway flatbed shared car floor 1. During storage, the middle stop 8 can be stacked and passed through the rectangular mounting hole 26 on the second bottom frame 7 to be stored together with the second bottom frame 7, or the middle stop 8 can be stacked separately (e.g., ...). Figure 14 Because the middle stop 8 is relatively small in volume compared to the bottom frame, even if it is stacked separately for storage, it will not have a significant impact on the return efficiency.

[0070] On both sides of the middle of the second bottom frame 7, outside the rectangular mounting holes 26 and inside the second rectangular outer frame, there are fifth container corner fitting pairs 25, which respectively adopt the left and right bottom corner fittings from GB / T 1835-2023 "Series 1 Container Corner Fittings Technical Requirements". Using these standard corner fittings facilitates connection with the existing railway flatbed shared car floor 1, eliminating the need for an additional connection structure for installing the central bracket 6; moreover, this connection structure is robust and will not fail due to repeated use. Because the lock heads of the central containers in the railway flatbed shared car face opposite directions, only one pair of container corner fittings can be placed on the central bracket; otherwise, it cannot be stably placed on the railway flatbed shared car floor 1.

[0071] Meanwhile, to laterally limit the large steel plate A supported on the second bottom frame 7, four second chain connection positions 15 are provided at the four corners of the second bottom frame 7. The distance between two corresponding second chain connection positions 15 is within the range of 2300-2400mm, and each is connected to a chain 13. The two chains 13 are connected by chain 13 connectors to bind the large steel plate A, thereby providing lateral restraint. The distance between the two pairs of second chain connection positions 15 and the container corner fittings in the middle of the second bottom frame 7 is within the range of 1175-1180mm and 871-876mm, respectively. This range allows the end of the large steel plate A to protrude 500mm beyond the chain, and also ensures that the second bottom frame 7 and the end stop frame overlap smoothly. In this embodiment, the distances between the two pairs of second chain connection positions 15 and the fifth container corner piece pair 25 in the middle of the second bottom frame 7 are 1175mm and 871mm, respectively. Here, "15" refers to the distance between the center position of the second chain connection position 15 and the center position of the hole in the container corner piece.

[0072] The central stop 8 can be formed by welding a rectangular plate and four trapezoidal plates, or part of its side can be formed by bending a steel plate and then welding it to the other side. In this embodiment, the length 'a' of the top wall of the central stop 8 is selected within the range of 90-400mm; in this embodiment, the length 'a' of the top wall of the central stop 8 is 177mm. Preferably, the width 'b' of the top wall of the central stop 8 is selected within the range of 500-900mm; in this embodiment, the width 'b' of the top wall of the central stop 8 is 640mm. Preferably, the angle 'c' between the edge and the bottom surface of the central stop 8 is within the range of 100°-110°; in this embodiment, the angle 'c' between the edge and the bottom surface of the central stop 8 is 102°. In this embodiment, the wall thickness of the truncated pyramidal central stop 8 is 12mm. This design, combined with the truncated pyramidal shape, provides sufficient blocking effect without occupying excessive space on the railway's shared railcar.

[0073] Preferably, the height of the middle stop 8 is selected within the range of 550-1000mm, and the height of the middle stop 8 protruding from the second bottom frame 7 after installation is selected within the range of 406-856mm. In this embodiment, the height of the middle stop 8 is 644mm, and the height of the middle stop 8 protruding from the second bottom frame 7 after installation is 500mm. Among these factors, the most important consideration in the design process for the height of the middle stop 8 protruding from the second bottom frame 7 after installation is the stacking thickness of the entire stack of steel plates. Due to the limitation of the diameter of the steel plate lifting and unloading clamps, multiple layers of straw bundles are sometimes required between the layers of steel plates. This embodiment limits the loading width and length of the steel plates (width of 15-3300mm for the two pairs of second chain connections, length of 5296mm-15180mm), so calculated based on a loading limit of 70 tons per vehicle (including multiple layers of straw bundles), the total stacking height of steel plates of different specifications is less than 450mm. Therefore, the stop area S has a minimum height of 450mm. Meanwhile, if the central stop 8 is too high, it may exceed the height limit and increase weight. Therefore, while still providing a stop for the large-size steel plate A, the height of the central stop 8 protruding from the second bottom frame 7 after installation should not be too high. Ultimately, in this embodiment, the height of the central stop 8 protruding from the second bottom frame 7 after installation is selected as 500mm. In this embodiment, the central stop 8 provides a sufficiently wide and high longitudinal stop for the large-size steel plate A.

[0074] In summary, based on the above structural description, the railway shared-use car in this embodiment has the following four working states:

[0075] See Figure 1 First working state:

[0076] Two end stops 2 and a second bottom frame 7 are detachably installed on the floor 1. The stop areas S of the two end stops 2 form a stacking space for a large steel plate A. The first bottom frame 3 of the two end stops 2 supports the two longitudinal ends of the large steel plate A, and the second bottom frame 7 supports the middle of the large steel plate A. A stack of large steel plates A can be bound in four ways by chains 13 connected from the first chain connection position 14 of the two first bottom frames 3 and the two pairs of second chain connection positions 15 of the second bottom frame 7.

[0077] If the first container corner piece 9 of the two end stop frames 2 are simultaneously connected to the container lock heads at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, the distance between the stop areas S of the two end stop frames 2 is 11638mm, which is suitable for large-size steel plates A with a length of 10276-11638mm.

[0078] If the second container corner fittings of the two end stop frames 2 are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared vehicle, the distance between the stop areas S of the two end stop frames 2 is 13000mm, which is suitable for large-size steel plates A with a length of 11638-13000mm.

[0079] If the third container corner fittings of the two end stop frames 2 are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, the distance between the stop areas S of the two end stop frames 2 is 14000mm, which is suitable for large-size steel plates A with a length of 12638-14000mm.

[0080] If the fourth container corner fittings 12 of the two end stop frames 2 are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, the distance between the stop areas S of the two end stop frames 2 is 15180mm, which is suitable for large-size steel plates A with a length of 13818-15180mm.

[0081] Figure 1 The first container corner fitting 9 is shown for connection, see reference. Figure 1 When the second container corner bracket 10, the third container corner bracket 11, and the fourth container corner bracket 12 are used for connection in sequence, the two end stops 2 will move away from each other, and the distance between them will increase.

[0082] Reference Figure 2 Second working state:

[0083] Two end stops 2 and a second bottom frame 7 are detachably installed on the floor 1. The stopping areas S of the two end stops 2 and the second bottom frame 7 form a stacking space for two large steel plates A. The first bottom frames 3 of the two end stops 2 are respectively used to support one longitudinal end of the two stacks of large steel plates A, and the other longitudinal ends of the two stacks of large steel plates A are overlapped and supported on the second bottom frame 7. A stack of large steel plates A can be bound in three ways by chains 13 connected from a first chain connection position 14 of the first bottom frame 3 and two pairs of second chain connection positions 15 of the second bottom frame 7.

[0084] If the first container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plate A with a length of 7316-8516mm.

[0085] If the second container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plate A with a length of 7997-9197mm.

[0086] If the third container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plate A with a length of 8497-9697mm.

[0087] If the fourth container corner fittings of the two end stop frames 2 are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plates A with a length of 9807-10276mm.

[0088] Reference Figure 3 Third working state:

[0089] Two end stops 2 and a second bottom frame 7 are detachably installed on the floor 1. The stopping areas S of the two end stops 2 and the second bottom frame 7 form a stacking space for two large-size steel plates A, and the two stacks of large-size steel plates A are relatively independent. The first bottom frame 3 of the two end stops 2 is used to support one longitudinal end of the large-size steel plate A in the two stacking spaces, and the second bottom frame 7 is used to support the other longitudinal end of the large-size steel plate A in the two stacking spaces. A stack of large-size steel plates A can be bound together by two chains 13 connected by a first chain connection position 14 of the first bottom frame 3 and a pair of second chain connection positions 15 of the second bottom frame 7.

[0090] If the first container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plate A with a length of 5296-5819mm.

[0091] If the second container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plate A with a length of 5819-6500mm.

[0092] If the third container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for steel plate A with a length of 6477-7000mm.

[0093] If the fourth container corner fittings of the two end stop frames 2 are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plates A with a length of 7000-7590mm.

[0094] Reference Figure 4 Fourth working state:

[0095] Two end stops 2 and a second bottom frame 7 are detachably mounted on the floor 1, and a central stop 8 is detachably mounted in the middle of the second bottom frame 7. Two independent stacking spaces for large steel plates A are formed between the stop areas S of the two end stops 2 and the central stop 8. The first bottom frames 3 of the two end stops 2 are used to support one longitudinal end of the large steel plate A in each of the two stacking spaces, and the second bottom frame 7 is used to support the other longitudinal end of the large steel plate A in each of the two stacking spaces. A stack of large steel plates A can be bound together by two chains 13 connected by a first chain connection position 14 of the first bottom frame 3 and a pair of second chain connection positions 15 of the second bottom frame 7.

[0096] If the first container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plate A with a length of 5296-5603mm.

[0097] If the second container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plate A with a length of 5977-6284mm.

[0098] If the third container corner piece of the two end stop frames 2 is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plate A with a length of 6477-6784mm.

[0099] If the fourth container corner fittings of the two end stop frames 2 are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction on the 15.4-meter class railway flat-pack shared car, it is suitable for large-size steel plates A with a length of 7067-7374mm.

[0100] However, considering process errors and measurement errors, as well as the difference between the above values ​​and the actual dimensions of the transported goods, a reasonable error value is added to the distance between the first container corner fitting pair 21 and the stop area on the ideal design value (for example, the reasonable error value is ±5mm, that is, the distance between the first container corner fitting pair 21 and the stop area is the ideal design value ±5mm). Even if there is an error, a similar effect can be basically achieved.

[0101] For example, considering the error in the data of the first container corner fittings 9 of the two end stop frames 2 when they are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction on a 15.4-meter-class railway flat-pack shared vehicle, the distance between the stop areas S of the two end stop frames 2 is increased by 2 times the above reasonable error value (i.e., 11638mm±10mm). Correspondingly, the two end values ​​of the applicable length range of 10276-11638mm for large-size steel plate A are increased by the same reasonable error value by 2 times, i.e. (10276±10mm) - (11638mm±10mm), and the increase values ​​of the two end values ​​are consistent.

[0102] Example 2

[0103] This embodiment provides a railway flatbed shared car with a large-size steel plate limiting kit. The railway flatbed shared car in this embodiment is a 13-meter railway flatbed shared car, which includes a floor 1. This embodiment does not improve the structure of existing 13-meter railway flatbed shared cars; it simply adds a large-size steel plate limiting kit to the railway flatbed shared car. This limiting kit is particularly suitable for handling large-size steel plates A with longitudinal dimensions in the range of 5296-11638mm, transverse dimensions in the range of 2000-3300mm, and a thickness greater than or equal to 10mm on a 13-meter railway flatbed shared car.

[0104] When the two end stop frames 2 are connected to the container lock head of the floor 1 of the 13 railway flat-pack shared car using the first container component, and the stop areas S are installed on the floor 1 of the 13 railway flat-pack shared car in an opposite manner, the distance between the two stop areas S is 11638mm.

[0105] The first, second, third, and fourth working states are applicable to large-size steel plates A with lengths of 10276-11638mm, 7316-8516mm, 5296-5819mm, and 5296-5603mm, respectively. Similarly, the two ends of the applicable length range for these large-size steel plates A are simultaneously increased by the same reasonable error value of ±5mm.

[0106] Combining Embodiments 1 and 2, the large-size steel plate limiting kit of this embodiment can be applied to both 13-meter and 15.4-meter railway flat-pack shared cars, improving versatility.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] This embodiment provides a method for transporting large-size steel plates. The method utilizes a railway flatbed car equipped with a large-size steel plate limiting kit, as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. The method selects either a 13-meter or 15.4-meter railway flatbed car based on the length of the large-size steel plate A to be transported, and also chooses the appropriate operating mode. The large-size steel plate A is stacked between the stop areas S of the two end stop frames 2, with the longitudinal end of the large-size steel plate A resting on the first bottom frame 3 of the end stop frame 2.

[0109] Of course, in practical applications, this embodiment can also allow one of the four pairs of container corner fittings to be selectively connected to a pair of container locks on a vehicle equipped with container locks. That is, besides being used in railway shared wagons, it can also be used in vehicles equipped with container locks. It should be noted that although the technical solution of this invention was initially created to solve the technical problem of transporting large-size steel plates in the prior art, and the structure and numerical design described in the above-described embodiment are particularly advantageous for transporting large-size steel plates using existing railway shared wagons, it has also been surprisingly found that due to the innovative use of container corner fittings for large-size steel plate limiting kits and the provision of a wide and high stop surface, this invention can also be applied to vehicles with container corner fittings in road transport. This further expands the range of transport vehicles and transported objects to which the technical solution of this invention is applicable, which is an unexpected effect.

[0110] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway flat-pack shared car with a large-size steel plate limiting kit, comprising a floor (1), characterized in that, The large-size steel plate limiting kit includes two end stops (2) located at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the floor (1). The end stops (2) include a first bottom frame (3) and at least one scoop-shaped stop (4). The first bottom frame (3) can be detachably installed on the floor (1) and is used to support the ends of the large-size steel plate. The scoop-shaped stop (4) is fixed at one end of the first bottom frame (3). The lateral width of the scoop-shaped stop (4) gradually increases from top to bottom. The scoop-shaped stop (4) forms a scoop-shaped space (5) that opens forward and downward. The longitudinal section of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is a right trapezoid. The front surface of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is vertically oriented, forming a stop area (S) for the longitudinal stop of the end of the large-size steel plate. The rear wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is inclined from top to bottom away from its front surface. When multiple end stops (2) are stacked on top of each other, the scoop-shaped stop (4) of the lower end stop (2) can extend into the scoop-shaped space (5) of the scoop-shaped stop (4) of the upper end stop (2).

2. The railway shared-use car with large-size steel plate limiting kit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large-size steel plate limiting kit also includes a central bracket (6), which includes a second bottom frame (7) that is detachably mounted in the middle of the floor (1); Railway shared-use wagons have three operating states: a first operating state, a second operating state, and a third operating state. In the first working state, the two end stop frames (2) and the second bottom frame (7) are detachably installed on the floor (1). The stop areas (S) of the two end stop frames (2) form a stacking space for a large steel plate. The first bottom frame (3) of the two end stop frames (2) supports the two longitudinal ends of the large steel plate, and the second bottom frame (7) supports the middle part of the large steel plate. In the second working state, the two end stop frames (2) and the second bottom frame (7) are detachably installed on the floor (1). The stop area (S) of the two end stop frames (2) and the second bottom frame (7) form a stacking space for two large steel plates. The first bottom frame (3) of the two end stop frames (2) is used to support one longitudinal end of the two large steel plates, and the other longitudinal end of the two large steel plates overlaps and is supported on the second bottom frame (7). In the third working state, the two end stops (2) and the second bottom frame (7) are detachably installed on the floor (1). The stop area (S) of the two end stops (2) and the second bottom frame (7) form a stacking space for two large steel plates, and the two large steel plates are relatively independent. The first bottom frame (3) of the two end stops (2) is used to support one longitudinal end of the large steel plate in the two stacking spaces, and the second bottom frame (7) is used to support the other longitudinal end of the large steel plate in the two stacking spaces.

3. The railway shared-use car with large-size steel plate limiting kit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central bracket (6) also includes a central stop (8), which is detachably connected to the second bottom frame (7). The railway flat-pack shared car also has a fourth working state: In the fourth working state, the two end stop brackets (2) and the second bottom frame (7) are detachably installed on the floor (1) and the middle stop (8) is detachably installed in the middle of the second bottom frame (7). Two independent stacking spaces for two large steel plates are formed between the stop area (S) of the two end stop brackets (2) and the middle stop (8). The first bottom frame (3) of the two end stop brackets (2) is used to support one longitudinal end of the large steel plate in the two stacking spaces, and the second bottom frame (7) is used to support the other longitudinal end of the large steel plate in the two stacking spaces.

4. The railway shared-use car with large-size steel plate limiting kit according to claim 3, characterized in that, On the first bottom frame (3) of each end stop (2), along the direction away from the stop area (S), a first container corner bracket pair (9), a second container corner bracket pair (10), a third container corner bracket pair (11), and a fourth container corner bracket pair (12) are fixed in sequence. Each of these four pairs of container corner brackets includes two container corner brackets located on both sides of the first bottom frame (3), and one of these four pairs of container corner brackets is connected to a pair of container locks on the end of the floor (1) of the railway flat-pack shared car. When the railway flat-share car is a 15.4-meter class railway flat-share car: When the first container corner piece (9) of the two end stop brackets (2) is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the floor (1), the distance between the stop areas (S) of the two end stop brackets (2) is 11638mm. When the second container corner brackets (10) of the two end stop brackets (2) are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the floor (1), the distance between the stop areas (S) of the two end stop brackets (2) is 13000mm. When the third container corner bracket (11) of the two end stop brackets (2) is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the floor (1), the distance between the stop areas (S) of the two end stop brackets (2) is 14000mm. When the fourth container corner bracket (12) of the two end stop brackets (2) is simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the floor (1), the distance between the stop areas (S) of the two end stop brackets (2) is 15180mm. When the first container corner piece (9) of the two end stop brackets (2) is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the floor (1), the first working state, the second working state, the third working state and the fourth working state are respectively applicable to large-size steel plates with lengths of 10276-11638mm, 7316-8516mm, 5296-5819mm and 5296-5603mm; When the second container corner brackets (10) of the two end stop brackets (2) are simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the floor (1), the first working state, the second working state, the third working state and the fourth working state are respectively applicable to large-size steel plates with lengths of 11638-13000mm, 7997-9197mm, 5819-6500mm and 5977-6284mm; When the third container corner bracket (11) of the two end stop brackets (2) is simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the floor (1), the first working state, the second working state, the third working state and the fourth working state are respectively applicable to large-size steel plates with lengths of 12638-14000mm, 8497-9697mm, 6477-7000mm and 6477-6784mm. When the fourth container corner bracket (12) of the two end stop brackets (2) is simultaneously connected to the container locks at both ends of the floor (1) in the longitudinal direction, the first working state, the second working state, the third working state and the fourth working state are respectively applicable to large-size steel plates with lengths of 13818-15180mm, 9087-10276mm, 7000-7590mm and 7067-7374mm; When the railway flat-collection shared car is a 13-meter railway flat-collection shared car: When the first container corner piece (9) of the two end stop brackets (2) is simultaneously connected to the container lock head at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the floor (1), the distance between the stop area (S) of the two end stop brackets (2) is 11638mm. The first working state, the second working state, the third working state and the fourth working state are respectively applicable to large-size steel plates with lengths of 10276-11638mm, 7316-8516mm, 5296-5603mm and 5296-5603mm.

5. The railway shared-use car with large-size steel plate limiting kit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The large-size steel plate limiting kit also includes chains (13) for binding large-size steel plates to provide lateral restraint. A pair of first chain connection positions (14) are provided on the two longitudinal edges of the first bottom frame (3), and the distance between the first chain connection position (14) and the stop area (S) of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is 1734-1930mm; Two pairs of second chain connection positions (15) are provided at the four corners of the second bottom frame (7). The distances between the two pairs of second chain connection positions (15) and the container corner fittings in the middle of the bottom frame are respectively within the range of 1175-1180mm and 871-876mm. A pair of first chain connection positions (14) and two pairs of second chain connection positions (15) can all connect to the chain (13); In the first working state: a stack of large-size steel plates can be bound in four ways by chains (13) connected from the first chain connection position (14) of the two first bottom frames (3) and the two pairs of second chain connection positions (15) of the second bottom frame (7); In the second working state: a stack of large-size steel plates can be bound in three ways by the chain (13) connecting the first chain connection position (14) of the first base frame (3) and the two pairs of second chain connection positions (15) of the second base frame (7); In the third and fourth working states: a stack of large-size steel plates can be bound together by a chain (13) connecting a first chain connection position (14) of a first base frame (3) and a pair of second chain connection positions (15) of a second base frame (7).

6. The railway shared-use car with large-size steel plate limiting kit according to claim 4, characterized in that, In each end stop (2), along the direction away from the stop area (S): in the first container corner bracket pair (9), the second container corner bracket pair (10), the third container corner bracket pair (11) and the fourth container corner bracket pair (12), the left container corner brackets are successively the left bottom corner bracket, the left bottom corner bracket, the left bottom corner bracket and the right bottom corner bracket, and the right container corner brackets are successively the right bottom corner bracket, the right bottom corner bracket, the right bottom corner bracket and the left bottom corner bracket.

7. The railway shared-use car with large-size steel plate limiting kit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The middle stop (8) is a truncated quadrangular shape, and its cross-sectional area gradually increases from top to bottom. The middle stop (8) forms a truncated quadrangular space (16) that opens downward. When multiple middle brackets (6) are stacked on top of each other, the middle stop (8) of the lower middle bracket (6) can extend into the truncated quadrangular space (16) of the middle stop (8) of the upper middle bracket (6). The second bottom frame (7) has a through hole through which the scoop-shaped stop (4) passes, so that the second bottom frame (7) can be stacked on the end stop (2) when stored. The second bottom frame (7) has a pair of container corner pieces in the middle, which are connected to the container lock in the middle of the floor (1).

8. The railway shared-use car with large-size steel plate limiting kit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end stop (2) includes two scoop-shaped stops (4), which are fixed to the first bottom frame (3) at a lateral interval. The top wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is greater than or equal to 90 mm, and the lateral dimension is greater than or equal to 300 mm; The angle between the rear wall and the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is within the range of 100°-110°; The angle between the side wall and the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is between 110° and 120°; The thickness of the top wall, side wall and rear wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is greater than or equal to 8 mm; A top wall reinforcement tube is fixed to the outer side of the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4), and two side wall reinforcement tubes are fixed to the outer side of the side wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4). The area protruding from the first bottom frame (3) on the front surface of the top wall and the front surface of the side wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) and the front surface of the side wall reinforcement tube are located in the same vertical plane, together forming the stop area (S) for the longitudinal stop of the large-size steel plate. The height of the stop area (S) is greater than or equal to 450mm. The top wall reinforcement pipe includes a first square tube (17), which is horizontally fixed to the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4); The sidewall reinforcement tube includes a second square tube (18) and a gasket (19). The second square tube (18) is fixed to the sidewall of the scoop-shaped stop (4), and the gasket (19) is fixed to the front surface of the second square tube (18) and the front surface of the gasket (19) forms part of the stop area (S). The longitudinal dimensions of the first square tube (17) and the second square tube (18) are in the range of 83-118 mm.

9. The railway shared-use car with large-size steel plate limiting kit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The longitudinal dimension of the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is 100mm, the transverse dimension is 362mm, the height of the stop area (S) is 500mm, and the included angle between the rear wall and the top wall is 102°. The thickness of the top wall, side wall and rear wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is 12mm, and the angle between the side wall and the top wall of the scoop-shaped stop (4) is 107°. The first square tube (17) and the second square tube (18) are both 100×50mm square tubes with a wall thickness of 4mm; The longitudinal dimension of the gasket (19) is 18-22 mm.

10. A method for transporting large-size steel plates, characterized in that, A railway shared railcar with a large-size steel plate limiting kit, as described in any one of claims 1-9; Large steel plates are stacked between the stop areas (S) of the two end stop frames (2), and the longitudinal ends of the large steel plates are placed on the first bottom frame (3) of the end stop frames (2).

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