Cigarette factory high-temperature waste gas recycling system

Abstract

The invention relates to a cigarette factory high-temperature waste gas recycling system which comprises a waste gas pretreatment module, a waste gas recycling module and a waste gas recycling module, and the ion exchange module is provided with a multi-stage ion exchanger and a first gas-liquid separator and is used for removing sodium ions and recovering heat energy. The multi-stage heat exchange module comprises a direct contact type spraying heat exchanger and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger; and the condensate water recovery module is used for condensing water vapor. The waste heat utilization module comprises a heat preservation water tank for storing water in a partitioned manner; the heat preservation water tank comprises a medium-temperature water tank and a low-temperature water tank which are separated by a heat insulation layer; the medium-temperature water tank is used for receiving and storing hot water generated by the ion exchange module and the heat exchange module and providing domestic water; the low-temperature water tank is used for receiving and storing condensate water, the condensate water is cooled through the cooling chamber and then supplied to the cooling water tank, and the cooling water tank supplies water to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to form circulation. And the control module realizes dynamic adjustment through a sensor and an electric control valve.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment in tobacco factories, in particular to a high-temperature waste gas recycling system for a tobacco factory. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the production process of the tobacco industry, especially in the processes of tobacco leaf drying, heating, and drying, a large amount of high-temperature waste gas is generated. The temperature of these high-temperature waste gases can reach more than 200℃, or even higher, and they contain certain chemical components and have a large amount of heat energy. However, most of these waste gases are not effectively collected and are directly discharged into the atmosphere. For a long time, this not only leads to a huge waste of energy, but also causes a burden on the environment.

[0003] At present, most of the heat recovery technologies on the market are only suitable for waste gas recovery with relatively stable temperature and relatively simple gas composition. However, the characteristics of the waste gas in the tobacco factory, such as large temperature fluctuations, high humidity, and complex composition, make it difficult for existing recovery technologies to cope. In particular, in a high-humidity environment, the condensation of water vapor may affect the heat exchange effect, and the corrosive components in the high-temperature waste gas may accelerate the aging and corrosion of the equipment, shortening the service life of the equipment. In addition, the existing recovery technology lacks effective treatment of harmful components in the waste gas, which may cause secondary pollution.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a waste heat recovery system for high-temperature waste gas in a tobacco factory, which can effectively cope with the particularity of the waste gas in the tobacco factory, improve the waste heat recovery efficiency, recover water vapor and sodium ions in the waste gas, reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution, and meet the dual needs of energy saving, environmental protection, and economic benefit in modern tobacco factories. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides an effective technical solution to remove sodium ions and recover and utilize water vapor in waste gas. Through this technical solution, not only can the waste gas treatment process be optimized and the emission of sodium ion pollutants be reduced, but also water vapor in the waste gas can be effectively recovered and converted into reusable resources, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the waste gas treatment system, reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution, and providing technical support for the tobacco factory to achieve the goal of green environmental protection and energy saving.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: On the one hand, a high-temperature waste gas recycling system for a tobacco factory is provided, which comprises, in sequence: a waste gas pretreatment module comprising a first filter for filtering particulate matter in the waste gas; The ion exchange module is configured with a multi-stage ion exchanger and a first gas-liquid separator, and is used for removing sodium ions and recovering heat energy; the multi-stage ion exchanger is configured with two stages, and specifically includes: a first-stage ion exchanger, the first-stage ion exchanger is provided with a first resin layer and a second resin layer, a first gas outlet is arranged at the top of the first-stage ion exchanger and is connected with the first gas-liquid separator; a first liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the first-stage ion exchanger and is connected with a second-stage ion exchanger; wherein the second-stage ion exchanger forms a circulation loop through a sodium ion concentration sensor and an electric control valve; a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator is communicated with the second-stage ion exchanger, and a gas outlet is connected with an inlet of the first-stage ion exchanger through a sodium ion concentration sensor and a backflow valve group. The multi-stage heat exchange module includes a direct contact spray heat exchanger and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The condensate water recovery module is used for condensing water vapor. The waste heat utilization module includes a partitioned water storage heat preservation water tank; the heat preservation water tank includes a medium-temperature water tank and a low-temperature water tank, and the two tanks are separated by a heat insulation layer; the medium-temperature water tank is used for receiving and storing hot water generated by the ion exchange module and the heat exchange module, and provides domestic water; the low-temperature water tank is used for receiving and storing condensate water, and provides cooling water for a cooling water tank after being cooled in a cooling chamber; the cooling water tank supplies water for the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to form a circulation. The control module realizes dynamic adjustment through sensors and electric control valves.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the direct contact spray heat exchanger includes: three spray zones A, B and C divided along the airflow direction, and a concentration sensor is arranged in each spray zone; the direct contact spray heat exchanger is provided with a one-layer packing zone and a two-layer packing zone.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the one-layer packing zone and the two-layer packing zone of the direct contact spray heat exchanger are provided with a spray water pipe and a spray head at the upper part, and a flow control valve group is arranged on the spray water pipe; the spray head is connected with a servo motor, and the angle of the spray head can be adjusted through the servo motor.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the top of the direct contact spray heat exchanger is provided with a second gas outlet connected with a second gas-liquid separator, and waste gas enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger through the second gas-liquid separator.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, cooling water in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is communicated with the spray water pipe through a second filter and a fourth one-way valve through a cooling water outlet, and a hot water outlet is connected with the medium-temperature water tank of the heat preservation water tank (14) to supply domestic water.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, part of the waste gas in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger enters a condenser, is delivered to an air cooler, and is then discharged to the atmosphere.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the condensate recovery module comprises a condenser, and water generated by the condenser flows out, passes through a temperature sensor, and when the temperature is high, a sixth electric control valve is closed and a fifth electric control valve is opened to enter a medium-temperature water tank; when the temperature is low, the fifth electric control valve is closed and the sixth electric control valve is opened to enter a low-temperature water tank.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the control module comprises: a sodium ion concentration sensor linkage electric control valve and a one-way valve to realize ion exchange circulation; a concentration sensor linkage flow control valve group and a servo motor arranged in the spraying area; and a temperature sensor to control a condensate electric control valve.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the triggering condition of the sodium ion exchange circulation is that: a first one-way valve is opened, waste gas passes through a first sodium ion concentration sensor to detect the concentration, when the concentration of sodium ions in the waste gas is ≤40 ppm, a first electric control valve is opened, the waste gas enters the direct contact type spraying heat exchanger through a first gas inlet; when the concentration of sodium ions in the waste gas is >50 ppm, a second electric control valve is opened, and the waste gas passes through a second one-way valve to return to the primary ion exchanger to remove sodium ions, and the cycle continues until the first electric control valve is opened after the concentration meets the standard, and the waste gas enters the direct contact type spraying heat exchanger.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the adjustment logic of the spray head is: when the concentration difference between adjacent areas is >15%, a servo motor drives the spray head to deflect 5°-30° towards the high-concentration area; and the spraying flow increases by 5%-8% with the increase of the temperature of the waste gas.

[0016] On the other hand, a control method for the above system is also proposed, comprising: The high-temperature waste gas is pretreated to remove particulate matters in the waste gas by a filter; The pretreated waste gas passes through the ion exchange module to remove sodium ions, specifically including: the pretreated waste gas enters the primary ion exchanger to absorb sodium ions in the waste gas, and the generated aqueous solution enters the secondary ion exchanger through a primary ion exchanger liquid outlet, while the waste gas enters the first gas-liquid separator through a primary ion exchanger outlet, and the separated water enters the secondary ion exchanger for secondary sodium ion removal, and the waste gas passing through the first one-way valve is detected for concentration by the first sodium ion concentration sensor, when the concentration is not up to standard, the waste gas is returned to the primary ion exchanger for sodium ion removal through the control valve group, and the cycle continues until the concentration meets the standard and the waste gas enters the multi-stage heat exchange module; the water in the secondary ion exchanger is detected for sodium ion concentration by the second sodium ion concentration sensor, when the concentration is not up to standard, the water is returned to the secondary ion exchanger through the control valve group, and the cycle continues until the concentration meets the standard, and the water enters the medium-temperature water tank from a first inlet of the medium-temperature water tank to be used as domestic water; The exhaust gas enters the multi-stage heat exchange module, passes through the direct contact spray heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the generated hot water enters the medium-temperature water tank, and the cold water is supplied to the direct contact spray heat exchanger through the filter and the fourth one-way valve from the cooling water outlet, enters the spray pipe, is recycled, and the remaining small part of the exhaust gas enters the condenser and is then transported to the air cooler and discharged to the atmosphere. The water generated by the condenser is judged by the temperature sensor, and if the temperature is high, it is controlled by the control valve group to enter the medium-temperature water tank; if the temperature is low, it is controlled by the control valve group to enter the low-temperature water tank. The low-temperature water tank is used to receive and store condensed water, which is supplied to the cooling water tank after cooling in the cooling chamber, and the cooling water tank supplies water to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to form a cycle.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Efficient heat energy recovery and utilization: The multi-stage heat exchange module combining the direct contact spray heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger can efficiently recover the heat in the exhaust gas, maximize the utilization of the heat energy in the exhaust gas, reduce energy waste, and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0018] 2. Water resource recycling: The condensate recovery module condenses and recovers the water vapor in the exhaust gas, and the water resource can be recycled, reducing the dependence on external water sources and saving water resources.

[0019] 3. Intelligent control: Equipped with a real-time monitoring and control system, it can intelligently adjust the operating state of each module, optimize the exhaust gas flow, temperature and other parameters, improve the overall operating efficiency, and reduce energy consumption.

[0020] 4. Comprehensive utilization of waste heat: The recovered water is not only used for internal circulation, but also provides domestic water for residents, fully utilizes waste heat resources, and has high economic benefit and environmental value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A structure diagram of a high-temperature exhaust gas recycling system for a cigarette factory is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0022] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1, first filter; 2, first ion exchanger; 2-1, first resin layer; 2-2, second resin layer; 2-3, first gas outlet; 2-4, first liquid outlet; 3, first gas-liquid separator; 4, first one-way valve; 5, first sodium ion concentration sensor; 6, first electric control valve; 7, second electric control valve; 8, second one-way valve; 9, second ion exchanger; 10, second sodium ion concentration sensor; 11, third electric control valve; 12, fourth electric control valve; 13, third one-way valve; 14, heat preservation water tank; 14-1, first inlet of medium temperature water tank; 14-2, medium temperature water tank; 14-3, second inlet of medium temperature water tank; 14-4, outlet of medium temperature water tank; 14-5, heat insulation layer; 14-6, low temperature water tank; 14-7, inlet of low temperature water tank; 14-8, outlet of low temperature water tank; 15, direct contact spray heat exchanger; 15-1, first gas inlet; 15-2, A zone concentration sensor; 15-3, one layer of packing zone; 15-4, two layers of packing zone; 15-5, spray head; 15-6, flow control valve group; 15-7, spray water pipe; 15-8, second gas outlet; 15-9, servo motor; 15-10, B zone concentration sensor; 15-11, C zone concentration sensor; 15-12, second liquid outlet; 16, second gas-liquid separator; 17, tube-shell heat exchanger; 17-1, hot water outlet; 17-2, cooling water inlet; 17-3, cooling water outlet; 18, second filter; 19, fourth one-way valve; 20, condenser; 21, air cooler; 22, temperature sensor; 23, fifth electric control valve; 24, sixth electric control valve; 25, cooling chamber; 26, seventh electric control valve; 27, cooling water tank; 27-1, inlet of cooling water tank; 27-2, cooling water outlet; 27-3, water supplement inlet; 27-4, liquid level meter; 28, water pump; 29, domestic water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 A high-temperature waste gas recycling system for a cigarette factory is provided in the present embodiment, which comprises, which are sequentially connected: A waste gas pretreatment module comprises a first filter 1 for filtering waste gas particulate matter.

[0025] The ion exchange module is configured with a multi-stage ion exchanger and a first gas-liquid separator 3, and is used for removing sodium ions and recovering heat energy; the multi-stage ion exchanger is configured with two stages, and specifically includes: a first-stage ion exchanger 2, the first-stage ion exchanger 2 is provided with a first resin layer 2-1 and a second resin layer 2-2, and the top of the first-stage ion exchanger 2 is provided with a first gas outlet 2-3 connected with the first gas-liquid separator 3; the bottom of the first-stage ion exchanger 2 is provided with a liquid outlet 2-4 connected with a second-stage ion exchanger 9; wherein the second-stage ion exchanger 9 forms a circulation loop through a sodium ion concentration sensor and an electric control valve; the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 3 is communicated with the second-stage ion exchanger 9, and the gas outlet is connected with the inlet of the first-stage ion exchanger 2 through a sodium ion concentration sensor and a backflow valve group. The sodium ion concentration sensor can be a glass electrode type Na⁺ sensor (range 0-100 ppm, accuracy ±0.5 ppm).

[0026] The multi-stage heat exchange module includes a direct contact type spray heat exchanger 15 and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17. The condensate water recovery module is used for condensing water vapor. The waste heat utilization module includes a partitioned water storage heat preservation water tank 14; the heat preservation water tank 14 includes a medium-temperature water tank 14-2 and a low-temperature water tank 14-6, and the two tanks are separated by a heat insulation layer 14-5; the medium-temperature water tank 14-2 is used for receiving and storing hot water generated by the ion exchange module and the heat exchange module, and providing domestic water; the low-temperature water tank 14-6 is used for receiving and storing condensate water, and the condensate water is cooled in a cooling chamber 25 and then supplied to a cooling water tank 27, the cooling water tank 27 supplies water to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17 to form a circulation. The control module realizes dynamic adjustment through sensors and electric control valves.

[0027] Preferably, the direct contact type spray heat exchanger 15 includes: three spray zones A, B and C divided along the airflow direction, and a concentration sensor is arranged in each spray zone; the direct contact type spray heat exchanger 15 is provided with a first layer of packing zone 15-3 and a second layer of packing zone 15-4. Specifically, the first layer of packing zone 15-3 can be corrugated plate packing, which is made of polypropylene (PP) and is formed into large-flux rhombic channels (porosity 85%) to adapt to high dust load. The second layer of packing zone 15-4 can be honeycomb ceramic packing, which is made of cordierite and can efficiently remove mist, capture nano-sized aerosols and promote water vapor condensation. The pore size density is 300 cpsi.

[0028] Preferably, the direct contact type spray heat exchanger 15 is provided with a spray water pipe 15-7 and a spray head 15-5 on the upper part of the first layer of packing zone 15-3 and the second layer of packing zone 15-4, and a flow control valve group 15-6 is arranged on the spray water pipe 15-7; the spray head 15-5 is connected with a servo motor 15-9, and the angle of the spray head 15-5 can be adjusted through the servo motor 15-9.

[0029] Preferably, the top of the direct contact spray heat exchanger 15 is provided with a second gas outlet 15-8, which is connected to a second gas-liquid separator 16, and the exhaust gas passes through the second gas-liquid separator 16 into the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17.

[0030] Preferably, the cooling water in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17 is connected to the spray water pipe 15-7 through the cooling water outlet 17-3, the second filter 18, and the fourth one-way valve 19, and the hot water outlet 17-1 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17 is connected to the medium-temperature water tank 14-2 of the heat preservation water tank 14, which is used to supply domestic water 29.

[0031] Preferably, part of the exhaust gas in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17 enters the condenser 20 and is discharged to the atmosphere after being delivered to the air cooler 21.

[0032] Preferably, the condensate water recovery module includes the condenser 20, and the water generated by the condenser 20 flows out, passes through the temperature sensor 22, and enters the medium-temperature water tank 14-2 when the temperature is high, the sixth electric control valve 24 is closed, and the fifth electric control valve 23 is opened; or enters the low-temperature water tank 14-6 when the temperature is low, the fifth electric control valve 23 is closed, and the sixth electric control valve 24 is opened.

[0033] Preferably, the control module includes: a sodium ion concentration sensor linkage electric control valve and a one-way valve to realize ion exchange circulation; a concentration sensor linkage flow control valve group 15-6 and a servo motor 15-9 arranged in the spray area; and a temperature sensor to control the condensate water electric control valve.

[0034] Preferably, the trigger condition of the ion exchange circulation is: the first one-way valve 4 is opened, the exhaust gas passes through the first sodium ion concentration sensor 5 to detect the concentration, when the concentration of sodium ions in the exhaust gas is ≤40 ppm, the first electric control valve 6 is opened, and the exhaust gas enters the direct contact spray heat exchanger 15 through the first gas inlet 15-1; when the concentration of sodium ions in the exhaust gas is >50 ppm, the second electric control valve 7 is opened, and the exhaust gas returns to the primary ion exchanger 2 through the second one-way valve 8 to remove sodium ions, and the cycle continues until the concentration meets the standard, and then the first electric control valve 6 is opened, and the exhaust gas enters the direct contact spray heat exchanger 15. The sodium ion concentration between 40 ppm and 50 ppm is a buffer space to avoid frequent opening and closing of the electric control valve and affect the quality.

[0035] Preferably, the adjustment logic of the spray head 15-5 is: when the concentration difference between adjacent areas is >15%, the servo motor 15-9 drives the spray head 15-5 to deflect 5°-30° towards the high-concentration area; and the spray flow increases by 5%-8% with every 10°C increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas.

[0036] Example 2 The embodiment gives a specific implementation method of the system disclosed in embodiment 1: high-temperature waste gas is filtered by the first filter 1 to remove flue gas and other impurity components, enters the first ion exchanger 2 to absorb sodium ions in the waste gas, and the generated aqueous solution enters the second ion exchanger 9 through the first ion exchanger liquid outlet 2-4, while the waste gas enters the first gas-liquid separator 3 through the first ion exchanger outlet 2-3, the separated water enters the second ion exchanger 9 for secondary sodium ion removal, the waste gas passing through the first gas-liquid separator 3 passes through the first one-way valve 4 and then the first sodium ion concentration sensor 5 to detect the concentration, when the concentration is not up to standard, the first electric control valve 6 is closed and the second electric control valve 7 is opened, the waste gas flows back to the first ion exchanger 2 for sodium ion removal, and the cycle continues until the concentration is up to standard, then the first electric control valve 6 is opened, the waste gas enters the direct contact spray heat exchanger 15, and similarly, the water in the second ion exchanger 9 is detected for sodium ion concentration by the second sodium ion concentration sensor 10, when the concentration is not up to standard, the third electric control valve 11 is closed and the fourth electric control valve 12 is opened, the water returns to the second ion exchanger 9 through the third one-way valve 13 and the cycle continues until the concentration is up to standard, then the third electric control valve 11 is opened, the water enters the medium-temperature water tank 14-2 from the first inlet 14-1 of the medium-temperature water tank to supply domestic water 29, after the waste gas enters the direct contact spray heat exchanger 15, it directly contacts with the water sprayed by the two-layer filler area 15-3, 15-4 and the spray head 15-5, three concentration sensors A area concentration sensor 15-2, B area concentration sensor 15-10 and C area concentration sensor 15-11 feed back the concentrations in different areas to the control system, the control system sends instructions to adjust the opening of the flow control valve group 15-6 according to the real-time monitoring flow data, so as to adjust the flow of the spray head 15-5, if the concentration in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17 is not uniform, the servo motor 15-9 is opened to adjust the angle of the spray head 15-5, the waste gas flows out from the second gas outlet 15-8, then enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17 through the gas-liquid separator 16, the generated hot water enters the second inlet 14-3 of the medium-temperature water tank from the hot water outlet 17-1 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17, and the cold water is supplied to the direct contact spray heat exchanger 15 from the cooling water outlet 17-3 through the second filter 18 and the fourth one-way valve 19 to enter the spray pipe 15-7, the remaining small part of the waste gas enters the condenser 20, then is transported to the air cooler 21 and discharged to the atmosphere, the water generated by the condenser 20 passes through the temperature sensor 22, when the temperature is higher, the sixth electric control valve 24 is closed and the fifth electric control valve 23 is opened to enter the second inlet 14-3 of the medium-temperature water tank, when the temperature is lower, the fifth electric control valve 23 is closed and the sixth electric control valve 24 is opened to enter the low-temperature water tank inlet 14-7 of the heat preservation water tank, the low-temperature water in the heat preservation water tank 14 enters the cooling chamber 25 for cooling through the low-temperature water tank outlet 14-8, then enters the cooling water tank 27 through the cooling water tank inlet 27-1, when the scale of the liquid level meter 27-4 is lower than one-third of the cooling water tank, the seventh electric control valve 26 and the water pump 28 are opened to supplement water to the cooling water tank 27,The water in the cooling water tank 27 is supplied to the tube-shell heat exchanger 17 by a water pump 28.

[0037] The working principle of the system is as follows: the system removes particulate matter and impurities through the exhaust gas pretreatment module, then removes sodium ions and recovers part of the heat energy by using the multi-stage ion exchange module, the exhaust gas is further heat-recovered by the multi-stage heat exchange module, and the heat recovery is realized by the direct contact type spray heat exchanger and then by the indirect contact type heat exchanger. And equipped with control and monitoring module, through real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment to optimize the exhaust gas flow and temperature, improve the heat recovery efficiency. The remaining exhaust gas is condensed by the condenser, the recovered condensed water is sent to the water tank or the water supply system to realize recycling, and the recovered water can be used for resident life and subsequent condensed water circulation, fully realizing efficient recovery and utilization of exhaust gas treatment and energy and water resources.

[0038] The beneficial effects obtained by the present application can be summarized as follows: 1. The innovative design of the multi-stage ion exchange module of the exhaust gas: the multi-stage ion exchange device is adopted, which can remove sodium ions in the exhaust gas and recover part of the heat energy, and the integrated design of heat recovery and ion exchange function is combined.

[0039] 2. The partition control of the direct contact type spray heat exchanger: in the multi-stage heat exchange module, the direct contact type spray heat exchanger is divided into multiple areas according to the diffusion law of the exhaust gas, the spray flow is precisely controlled by the servo motor and valve group, and the effects of maximizing heat exchange efficiency and saving water resources are realized.

[0040] 3. Integrated multiphase flow heat exchange and separation device: the gas-liquid two-phase flow treatment and multiple heat exchange levels are combined, which can automatically adjust the gas-liquid heat recovery and separation effect according to the different properties (such as flow rate, temperature, etc.) of the gas flow, thereby improving the overall processing efficiency of the system.

[0041] 4. Dynamic control and optimization function: the system is equipped with a real-time monitoring unit, combined with a servo motor and a sensor, to dynamically adjust the exhaust gas temperature and flow to optimize the energy efficiency and resource utilization in the heat exchange process.

[0042] 5. Partitioned waste heat storage design in medium and low temperature areas: the recovered water is stored according to temperature zoning, which not only meets the demand for resident life water, but also provides thermal energy support for the recycling of condensed water.

[0043] 6. Condensed water recovery and recycling integration: through the combination of the condenser and the water supply system, the condensed water is recovered and integrated with the water storage system, realizing efficient recycling of water resources.

[0044] 7. High integration of system module: The functions of exhaust gas pretreatment, multi-stage ion exchange, multi-stage heat exchange, real-time monitoring, condensate water recovery and waste heat utilization are integrated into one, forming a system design with high integration and multi-functionality.

[0045] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely divergences of the principles and spirit of the application and that numerous modifications, changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for recovering and utilizing high-temperature waste gas in a cigarette factory, characterized in that, It comprises sequentially connected: a waste gas pretreatment module, comprising a first filter (1) for filtering particulate matter in the waste gas; an ion exchange module, configured with a multi-stage ion exchanger and a first gas-liquid separator (3), for removing sodium ions and recovering heat energy; the multi-stage ion exchanger is configured with two stages, specifically comprising: a first-stage ion exchanger (2), a first resin layer (2-1) and a second resin layer (2-2) are arranged in the first-stage ion exchanger (2), a first gas outlet (2-3) is arranged at the top of the first-stage ion exchanger (2) and connected to the first gas-liquid separator (3); a first liquid outlet (2-4) is arranged at the bottom of the first-stage ion exchanger (2) and connected to a second-stage ion exchanger (9); wherein the second-stage ion exchanger (9) forms a circulation loop through a sodium ion concentration sensor and an electrically controlled valve; a liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separator (3) is connected to the second-stage ion exchanger (9), and a gas outlet is connected to an inlet of the first-stage ion exchanger (2) through a sodium ion concentration sensor and a backflow valve group; a multi-stage heat exchange module, comprising a direct contact spray heat exchanger (15) and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger (17); a condensate water recovery module, for condensing water vapor; a waste heat utilization module, comprising a partitioned water storage heat preservation tank (14); the heat preservation tank (14) comprises a medium temperature water tank (14-2) and a low temperature water tank (14-6), which are separated by a heat insulation layer (14-5); the medium temperature water tank (14-2) is used to receive and store hot water generated by the ion exchange module and the heat exchange module, and provide domestic water; the low temperature water tank (14-6) is used to receive and store condensate water, which is cooled in a cooling chamber (25) and then supplied to a cooling water tank (27), which supplies water to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (17) to form a circulation; a control module, which realizes dynamic adjustment through sensors and electrically controlled valves.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The direct contact spray heat exchanger (15) comprises three spray zones A, B and C divided along the gas flow direction, and a concentration sensor is arranged in each spray zone; a layer of packing zone (15-3) and a second layer of packing zone (15-4) are arranged in the direct contact spray heat exchanger (15).

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, Spray water pipes (15-7) and nozzles (15-5) are arranged on the upper part of the layer of packing zone (15-3) and the second layer of packing zone (15-4) of the direct contact spray heat exchanger (15), and a flow control valve group (15-6) is arranged on the spray water pipes (15-7); the nozzles (15-5) are connected to a servo motor (15-9), and the angle of the nozzles (15-5) can be adjusted through the servo motor (15-9).

4. The system of claim 3, wherein, A second gas outlet (15-8) is arranged at the top of the direct contact spray heat exchanger (15) and connected to a second gas-liquid separator (16), and the waste gas enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (17) through the second gas-liquid separator (16).

5. The system of claim 4, wherein, The cooling water in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (17) is communicated to the spray water pipe (15-7) through a cooling water outlet (17-3), a second filter (18) and a fourth one-way valve (19), and the hot water outlet (17-1) thereof is connected to the medium-temperature water tank (14-2) of the heat preservation water tank (14) for supplying domestic water.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein, Part of the exhaust gas in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (17) enters the condenser (20) and is discharged to the atmosphere after being delivered to the air cooler (21).

7. The system of claim 6, wherein, The condensate recovery module comprises a condenser (20), and the water generated by the condenser (20) flows out, passes through a temperature sensor (22), and enters the medium-temperature water tank (14-2) when the temperature is high and the sixth electric control valve (24) is closed and the fifth electric control valve (23) is opened; or enters the low-temperature water tank (14-6) when the temperature is low and the fifth electric control valve (23) is closed and the sixth electric control valve (24) is opened.

8. The system of claim 2, wherein, The control module comprises a sodium ion concentration sensor linkage electric control valve and a one-way valve to realize ion exchange circulation, a concentration sensor linkage flow control valve group (15-6) and a servo motor (15-9) arranged in the spray area, and a temperature sensor for controlling a condensate electric control valve.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein, The triggering condition of the sodium ion exchange circulation is that the first one-way valve (4) is opened, the exhaust gas passes through the first sodium ion concentration sensor (5) to detect the concentration, when the concentration of sodium ions in the exhaust gas is ≤40 ppm, the first electric control valve (6) is opened, and the exhaust gas enters the direct contact spray heat exchanger (15) through the first gas inlet (15-1); when the concentration of sodium ions in the exhaust gas is >50 ppm, the second electric control valve (7) is opened, and the exhaust gas returns to the first ion exchanger (2) through the second one-way valve (8) to remove sodium ions, and the cycle continues until the first electric control valve (6) is opened and the exhaust gas enters the direct contact spray heat exchanger (15) when the concentration meets the standard.

10. The system of claim 3, wherein, The adjustment logic of the spray head (15-5) is that when the concentration difference between adjacent areas is >15%, the servo motor (15-9) drives the spray head (15-5) to deflect 5°-30° towards the high-concentration area; the spray flow increases by 5%-8% with the increase of the exhaust gas temperature by 10°C.

11. A control method for the high-temperature waste gas recovery system of a cigarette factory according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The high-temperature exhaust gas is pretreated, and the exhaust gas particulate matter is removed through the first filter; The high-temperature exhaust gas is pretreated, and the exhaust gas particulate matter is removed through the first filter; The pretreated waste gas is removed of sodium ions by an ion exchange module, specifically including: the pretreated waste gas enters the primary ion exchanger to absorb sodium ions in the waste gas, the produced aqueous solution passes through the liquid outlet of the primary ion exchanger to enter the secondary ion exchanger, and the waste gas passes through the outlet of the primary ion exchanger to enter the first gas-liquid separator, the separated water enters the secondary ion exchanger to remove sodium ions again, the waste gas passing through the first gas-liquid separator passes through the first one-way valve and then the first sodium ion concentration sensor to detect the concentration, when the concentration is not up to standard, the waste gas is returned to the primary ion exchanger to remove sodium ions by the control valve group, and the cycle is repeated until the concentration is up to standard and then enters the multi-stage heat exchange module; the water in the secondary ion exchanger passes through the second sodium ion concentration sensor to detect the sodium ion concentration, when the concentration is not up to standard, the water is returned to the secondary ion exchanger by the control valve group, and the cycle is repeated until the concentration is up to standard, and then the water enters the medium-temperature water tank from the first inlet of the medium-temperature water tank to be used as domestic water; The waste gas enters the multi-stage heat exchange module, passes through the direct contact spray heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the produced hot water enters the medium-temperature water tank, and the cold water is supplied to the direct contact spray heat exchanger from the cooling water outlet through the filter and the fourth one-way valve to enter the spray pipe, and the cycle is used, and the remaining small part of waste gas enters the condenser, is transported to the air cooler, and is discharged to the atmosphere; The water produced by the condenser is judged by the temperature sensor, when the temperature is high, the water is controlled to enter the medium-temperature water tank by the control valve group, and when the temperature is low, the water enters the low-temperature water tank by the control valve group; The low-temperature water tank is used for receiving and storing condensate water, and the cooled water is supplied to the cooling water tank after cooling in the cooling chamber, the cooling water tank supplies water to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to form a cycle.

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