A method and system for monitoring building settlement

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for monitoring building settlement, applied in the field of intelligent monitoring technology. The method includes: setting up multiple monitoring control points in a stable area surrounding the building to be monitored, and constructing a monitoring network based on the monitoring control points; acquiring first settlement data for multiple points located outside the building on the monitoring line segment, and fitting the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data; and using precise leveling to measure the settlement of points within the maximum settlement area to find the maximum settlement point and its corresponding settlement value. This invention first determines the area where maximum settlement may exist through automatic monitoring, and then performs further precise measurements. This effectively reduces the manual labor time required for precise leveling monitoring and can effectively obtain the maximum settlement situation inside the building, thereby analyzing the building's safety status.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent monitoring technology, specifically to a method and system for monitoring building settlement. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban construction, the number of major engineering facilities such as high-rise buildings, large bridges, and water conservancy projects is increasing. The safety and stability of these buildings during construction and operation are of paramount importance. Building settlement is one of the key indicators for measuring safety status. Excessive uneven settlement can lead to structural cracking, tilting, and even catastrophic accidents.

[0003] In existing technologies, building settlement monitoring methods are mainly divided into traditional measurement methods and sensor monitoring methods. Among them, traditional measurement methods have the highest accuracy, requiring closed-loop leveling measurements to ensure accuracy. However, the measurement process requires manual operation, making it impossible to measure every part of the building's interior. In sensor monitoring, the signal from RTK devices deployed inside the building is poor, significantly affecting the accuracy of static monitoring data. Furthermore, deploying a systematic leveling monitoring sensor network is quite difficult for older buildings.

[0004] In the prior art, Chinese patent application number CN202510244185.9 discloses a building ground settlement monitoring device, including a settlement tube, a monitoring ring, and a detection component. The settlement tube is inserted into a channel in the building ground, and a guide channel extending in the downward direction is provided inside the settlement tube. The monitoring ring is sleeved on the outside of the settlement tube and moves downward as the building ground settles. The detection component is located inside the guide channel, and its height position rises and falls synchronously with the height position of the monitoring ring to detect the sinking distance of the monitoring ring. The building ground settlement monitoring device, by setting the detection component and the monitoring ring to rise and fall synchronously, detects the sinking distance of the monitoring ring during the rise and fall of the detection component, eliminating the need for manual measurement and achieving high monitoring efficiency. Furthermore, the detection component is located inside the guide channel of the settlement tube, which can greatly reduce the impact of external soil and other factors on the monitoring environment and improve the convenience of monitoring. However, it needs to be deployed synchronously during building construction, making it unsuitable for settlement monitoring of old buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to at least overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for monitoring building settlement.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for monitoring building settlement, including:

[0007] Multiple monitoring control points are deployed in the stable area surrounding the building to be monitored, and a monitoring network is constructed based on the monitoring control points; the monitoring network includes multiple monitoring line segments with endpoints of the monitoring control points;

[0008] Acquire first settlement data for multiple points located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data;

[0009] The maximum settlement point and its corresponding settlement value are determined by performing a precise leveling survey on the points within the maximum settlement area.

[0010] In one possible implementation, constructing a monitoring network based on the monitoring and control points includes:

[0011] Obtain the coordinate data of the monitoring control points, and select at least one monitoring control point that is physically farthest from each monitoring control point as the matching control point;

[0012] The matching control point and the corresponding monitoring control point are connected to form the monitoring line segment;

[0013] An RTK monitoring instrument is deployed at a point located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment to monitor the first settlement data at that point.

[0014] In one possible implementation, fitting the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data includes:

[0015] Obtain the first settlement data and corresponding coordinate data of all points on a monitoring line segment;

[0016] Based on the coordinate data, the first settlement data is interpolated to obtain the expected maximum settlement point on the monitoring line segment;

[0017] Obtain the coordinates of the expected maximum settlement point of the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points.

[0018] In one possible implementation, fitting the maximum settlement region based on the coordinates of all the said maximum settlement points includes:

[0019] Construct a minimum circle that encloses all the maximum settlement points based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points, as a reference circular region;

[0020] The center of the reference circular region is obtained as the reference center point, and a circular region is constructed with the reference center point as the center and a preset length as the radius to form the maximum settlement region.

[0021] In one possible implementation, finding the location of maximum settlement and the corresponding settlement value includes:

[0022] Multiple detection points are set up within the maximum settlement area, and a precise leveling measurement is performed from one monitoring control point to another to obtain the settlement value of each detection point as the actual settlement value.

[0023] The detection point corresponding to the maximum value of all actual settlement values ​​is taken as the maximum settlement point, and the maximum value is taken as the corresponding settlement value.

[0024] Secondly, this application also provides a building settlement monitoring system, comprising:

[0025] The deployment unit is configured to deploy multiple monitoring control points in a stable area surrounding the building to be monitored, and to construct a monitoring network based on the monitoring control points; the monitoring network includes multiple monitoring line segments whose endpoints are the monitoring control points;

[0026] The monitoring unit is configured to acquire first settlement data of multiple points located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data.

[0027] The measurement unit is configured to perform settlement measurements on points within the maximum settlement area using precision leveling to identify the maximum settlement point and its corresponding settlement value.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the deployment unit is further configured as follows:

[0029] Obtain the coordinate data of the monitoring control points, and select at least one monitoring control point that is physically farthest from each monitoring control point as the matching control point;

[0030] The matching control point and the corresponding monitoring control point are connected to form the monitoring line segment;

[0031] An RTK monitoring instrument is deployed at a point located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment to monitor the first settlement data at that point.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the monitoring unit is further configured as follows:

[0033] Obtain the first settlement data and corresponding coordinate data of all points on a monitoring line segment;

[0034] Based on the coordinate data, the first settlement data is interpolated to obtain the expected maximum settlement point on the monitoring line segment;

[0035] Obtain the coordinates of the expected maximum settlement point of the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the monitoring unit is further configured as follows:

[0037] Construct a minimum circle that encloses all the maximum settlement points based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points, as a reference circular region;

[0038] The center of the reference circular region is obtained as the reference center point, and a circular region is constructed with the reference center point as the center and a preset length as the radius to form the maximum settlement region.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the measurement unit is further configured as follows:

[0040] Multiple detection points are set up within the maximum settlement area, and a precise leveling measurement is performed from one monitoring control point to another to obtain the settlement value of each detection point as the actual settlement value.

[0041] The detection point corresponding to the maximum value of all actual settlement values ​​is taken as the maximum settlement point, and the maximum value is taken as the corresponding settlement value.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0043] This invention discloses a building settlement monitoring method and system. By automatically monitoring, the area where the maximum settlement may occur is first determined, and then further precise measurements are taken. This can effectively reduce the manual labor time required for precise leveling monitoring, and can effectively obtain the maximum settlement situation inside the building, thereby analyzing the building's safety status. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method steps in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring network deployment in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0048] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 The above is a flowchart illustrating a building settlement monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Further, the building settlement monitoring method may specifically include the contents described in steps S1-S3.

[0050] S1: Multiple monitoring control points are set up in the stable area around the building to be monitored, and a monitoring network is constructed based on the monitoring control points; the monitoring network includes multiple monitoring line segments with the monitoring control points as endpoints;

[0051] S2: Obtain first settlement data for multiple points located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data;

[0052] S3: Use precise leveling to measure the settlement of points within the maximum settlement area to find the maximum settlement point and the corresponding settlement value.

[0053] In implementing this embodiment, it is first necessary to establish leveling control points, i.e., monitoring control points, near the building to be monitored for settlement. The establishment process must comply with the relevant specifications for control point establishment. It should be understood that monitoring control points are generally relatively stable locations that will not experience significant settlement within a foreseeable timeframe. Based on the aforementioned leveling control points, a monitoring network can be constructed. The monitoring network includes multiple monitoring lines, each of which needs to pass through the building to be monitored, and the endpoints of each line are leveling control points. By deploying corresponding automatic monitoring devices at points outside the building on the monitoring lines, excellent satellite and base station signals can be obtained, thereby yielding high-precision settlement values. Settlement monitoring based on automatic monitoring devices can utilize the most commonly used RTK technology, which is a mature existing technology and will not be limited in this embodiment.

[0054] In this embodiment, the stiffness of a building to be monitored is much greater than that of the surrounding land. Therefore, under normal circumstances, its settlement distribution will be relatively uniform. However, when uneven settlement occurs, the settlement distribution in this area will exhibit a funnel shape, meaning that the settlement value itself will not change abruptly in one direction, but rather show a continuous distribution of settlement values. Therefore, the symmetrical distribution of settlement values ​​can be clearly observed through the monitoring line segment. Since the first settlement data is data from external points of the building to be monitored, it is also necessary to fit the maximum settlement area where the maximum settlement point may exist through a fitting method. Given the maximum settlement area, the maximum settlement point and its corresponding settlement value can be found through precise manual leveling. Since the range of the maximum settlement area is much smaller than the range of the building to be monitored, the corresponding leveling workload will also be much smaller than the workload of leveling the entire building to be monitored. Thus, the settlement of old buildings can be determined without renovating old buildings or conducting large-area leveling.

[0055] In one possible implementation, constructing a monitoring network based on the monitoring and control points includes:

[0056] Obtain the coordinate data of the monitoring control points, and select at least one monitoring control point that is physically farthest from each monitoring control point as the matching control point;

[0057] The matching control point and the corresponding monitoring control point are connected to form the monitoring line segment;

[0058] An RTK monitoring instrument is deployed at a point located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment to monitor the first settlement data at that point.

[0059] In the implementation of this application embodiment, monitoring control points are generally deployed around the building to be monitored. Therefore, the line connecting the two monitoring control points with the greatest physical distance will definitely pass through the building to be monitored. At this time, connecting the matching control point and the corresponding monitoring control point can form a monitoring line segment. It should be understood that each monitoring control point may correspond to more than one matching control point. By increasing the number of matching control points, the data density can be increased, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy.

[0060] In one possible implementation, fitting the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data includes:

[0061] Obtain the first settlement data and corresponding coordinate data of all points on a monitoring line segment;

[0062] Based on the coordinate data, the first settlement data is interpolated to obtain the expected maximum settlement point on the monitoring line segment;

[0063] Obtain the coordinates of the expected maximum settlement point of the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points.

[0064] In the implementation of this application embodiment, the location of the expected maximum settlement point can be obtained by interpolation through spline curve fitting based on the first settlement data and the corresponding coordinate data. Due to the symmetry of external settlement, the maximum settlement point on the same monitoring line segment often appears at the center point of two monitoring points with similar settlement values ​​on both sides of the building. This point is the expected maximum settlement point for the corresponding monitoring line segment. For a monitoring line segment, the place with the largest settlement value is generally the location closest to the maximum settlement point of the building. Therefore, after summarizing the expected maximum settlement points of all monitoring line segments, the maximum settlement area where the maximum settlement value may occur can be fitted.

[0065] In one possible implementation, fitting the maximum settlement region based on the coordinates of all the said maximum settlement points includes:

[0066] Construct a minimum circle that encloses all the maximum settlement points based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points, as a reference circular region;

[0067] The center of the reference circular region is obtained as the reference center point, and a circular region is constructed with the reference center point as the center and a preset length as the radius to form the maximum settlement region.

[0068] In the implementation of this application embodiment, when fitting the maximum settlement area, it is necessary to construct a reference circular area that encloses all maximum settlement points. Due to cost control reasons, the density of the monitoring line segments is limited, so it is necessary to fit such a circle to represent the possible area of ​​maximum settlement. After obtaining the reference circular area, a small range can be expanded outward from the center of the reference circular area to form the maximum settlement area. Generally speaking, the actual maximum settlement point is located within the maximum settlement area. The preset length is generally preferred to be 5m, and the area of ​​the final maximum settlement area is less than 80 square meters. It is relatively easy to perform manual precise leveling monitoring within an area of ​​80 square meters.

[0069] In one possible implementation, finding the location of maximum settlement and the corresponding settlement value includes:

[0070] Multiple detection points are set up within the maximum settlement area, and a precise leveling measurement is performed from one monitoring control point to another to obtain the settlement value of each detection point as the actual settlement value.

[0071] The detection point corresponding to the maximum value of all actual settlement values ​​is taken as the maximum settlement point, and the maximum value is taken as the corresponding settlement value.

[0072] In the implementation of this application embodiment, the aforementioned monitoring control point and another monitoring control point can actually correspond to the same monitoring control point, depending on whether closed precision leveling is actually used. By measuring multiple points in the maximum settlement area through the control point and taking the maximum value, the maximum settlement point can be found.

[0073] For an example, please refer to Figure 2This diagram illustrates a specific monitoring process. The building to be monitored was constructed in the 1990s, and eight control points (A to H) were established outside the building. The location requirements for the control points were as follows: they must be at least 50 meters away from the building's exterior wall, located in a stable geological area, and avoid unstable areas such as underground pipelines and fill areas. Each control point was constructed with a concrete observation pier measuring 1.0m × 1.0m × 1.5m. A forced centering device was installed on the top of the observation pier, with a centering error ≤ 0.1mm. The coordinates of the control points were determined using GNSS static measurement methods, with an observation duration ≥ 4 hours. A monitoring network was then constructed, forming six monitoring lines, and external monitoring points were established, indicated by black dots in the diagram. Each monitoring point was marked with a ground marker. Settlement data was sampled using a GNSS receiver in RTK network mode. Cubic spline interpolation was used for data interpolation, with the distance to the monitoring point as the independent variable and the settlement amount as the dependent variable. MATLAB was used to perform cubic spline interpolation calculations, and the fitted first settlement data point corresponds to the position marked X in the diagram. Then, the least squares method is used to calculate the minimum enclosing circle to form the reference circular region, and then the maximum settlement area with a radius of 5m is drawn. Then, a precision monitoring network is set up, and a precision level is used for manual measurement to find the final maximum settlement point.

[0074] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a building settlement monitoring system, comprising:

[0075] The deployment unit is configured to deploy multiple monitoring control points in a stable area surrounding the building to be monitored, and to construct a monitoring network based on the monitoring control points; the monitoring network includes multiple monitoring line segments whose endpoints are the monitoring control points;

[0076] The monitoring unit is configured to acquire first settlement data of multiple points located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data.

[0077] The measurement unit is configured to perform settlement measurements on points within the maximum settlement area using precision leveling to identify the maximum settlement point and its corresponding settlement value.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the deployment unit is further configured as follows:

[0079] Obtain the coordinate data of the monitoring control points, and select at least one monitoring control point that is physically farthest from each monitoring control point as the matching control point;

[0080] The matching control point and the corresponding monitoring control point are connected to form the monitoring line segment;

[0081] An RTK monitoring instrument is deployed at a point located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment to monitor the first settlement data at that point.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the monitoring unit is further configured as follows:

[0083] Obtain the first settlement data and corresponding coordinate data of all points on a monitoring line segment;

[0084] Based on the coordinate data, the first settlement data is interpolated to obtain the expected maximum settlement point on the monitoring line segment;

[0085] Obtain the coordinates of the expected maximum settlement point of the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the monitoring unit is further configured as follows:

[0087] Construct a minimum circle that encloses all the maximum settlement points based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points, as a reference circular region;

[0088] The center of the reference circular region is obtained as the reference center point, and a circular region is constructed with the reference center point as the center and a preset length as the radius to form the maximum settlement region.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the measurement unit is further configured as follows:

[0090] Multiple detection points are set up within the maximum settlement area, and a precise leveling measurement is performed from one monitoring control point to another to obtain the settlement value of each detection point as the actual settlement value.

[0091] The detection point corresponding to the maximum value of all actual settlement values ​​is taken as the maximum settlement point, and the maximum value is taken as the corresponding settlement value.

[0092] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0093] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, or may be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.

[0094] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0095] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0096] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or grid device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0097] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring building settlement, characterized in that, include: Multiple monitoring and control points are set up in the stable area surrounding the building to be monitored, and a monitoring network is constructed based on the monitoring and control points; The monitoring network includes multiple monitoring line segments whose endpoints are the monitoring control points; Acquire first settlement data for multiple points located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data; The maximum settlement point and its corresponding settlement value are determined by measuring the settlement of points within the maximum settlement area using precise leveling. Constructing a monitoring network based on the aforementioned monitoring and control points includes: Obtain the coordinate data of the monitoring control points, and select at least one monitoring control point that is physically farthest from each monitoring control point as the matching control point; The matching control point and the corresponding monitoring control point are connected to form the monitoring line segment; each monitoring line segment needs to pass through the building to be monitored; RTK monitoring instruments are deployed at points located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment to monitor the first settlement data at those points; The maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored, fitted based on the first settlement data, includes: Obtain the first settlement data and corresponding coordinate data of all points on a monitoring line segment; The expected maximum settlement point on the monitoring line segment is obtained by interpolating the first settlement data based on the coordinate data. Obtain the coordinates of the expected maximum settlement point of the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points.

2. The method for monitoring building settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum settlement region is obtained by fitting the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points, including: Construct a minimum circle that encloses all the maximum settlement points based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points, as a reference circular region; The center of the reference circular region is obtained as the reference center point, and a circular region is constructed with the reference center point as the center and a preset length as the radius to form the maximum settlement region.

3. The method for monitoring building settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Finding the location of maximum settlement and its corresponding settlement value includes: Multiple detection points are set up within the maximum settlement area, and a precise leveling measurement is performed from one monitoring control point to another to obtain the settlement value of each detection point as the actual settlement value. The detection point corresponding to the maximum value of all actual settlement values ​​is taken as the maximum settlement point, and the maximum value is taken as the corresponding settlement value.

4. A building settlement monitoring system using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, include: The deployment unit is configured to deploy multiple monitoring control points in a stable area surrounding the building to be monitored, and to construct a monitoring network based on the monitoring control points; The monitoring network includes multiple monitoring line segments whose endpoints are the monitoring control points; The monitoring unit is configured to acquire first settlement data of multiple points located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area inside the building to be monitored based on the first settlement data. The measurement unit is configured to perform settlement measurements on points within the maximum settlement area using precision leveling to identify the maximum settlement point and its corresponding settlement value.

5. A building settlement monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The deployment unit is further configured as follows: Obtain the coordinate data of the monitoring control points, and select at least one monitoring control point that is physically farthest from each monitoring control point as the matching control point; The matching control point and the corresponding monitoring control point are connected to form the monitoring line segment; An RTK monitoring instrument is deployed at a point located outside the building to be monitored on the monitoring line segment to monitor the first settlement data at that point.

6. A building settlement monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The monitoring unit is also configured to: Obtain the first settlement data and corresponding coordinate data of all points on a monitoring line segment; The expected maximum settlement point on the monitoring line segment is obtained by interpolating the first settlement data based on the coordinate data. Obtain the coordinates of the expected maximum settlement point of the monitoring line segment, and fit the maximum settlement area based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points.

7. A building settlement monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The monitoring unit is also configured to: Construct a minimum circle that encloses all the maximum settlement points based on the coordinates of all the maximum settlement points, as a reference circular region; The center of the reference circular region is obtained as the reference center point, and a circular region is constructed with the reference center point as the center and a preset length as the radius to form the maximum settlement region.

8. A building settlement monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The measurement unit is also configured to: Multiple detection points are set up within the maximum settlement area, and a precise leveling measurement is performed from one monitoring control point to another to obtain the settlement value of each detection point as the actual settlement value. The detection point corresponding to the maximum value of all actual settlement values ​​is taken as the maximum settlement point, and the maximum value is taken as the corresponding settlement value.

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