A breathable thermal quilt of composite structure and a method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a ventilative and warm quilt with a composite structure and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of textile processing. The application is used for solving the technical problem that the ventilation performance and the warm-keeping performance of the ventilative and warm quilt in the prior art need to be further improved. The ventilative and warm quilt with the composite structure comprises, from outside to inside, an outer layer fabric, a modified warm non-woven fabric, an elastic layer, a batting layer and an inner layer fabric. The modified warm non-woven fabric is prepared through weak alkali pretreatment, plasma activation and a modified printing coating. The coating adopts a modified polyurethane emulsion and a modified nanoparticle compound system, has excellent heat reflection and washing resistance, and through reasonable lamination and quilting process, the preparation process realizes structure stability and optimization of thermal comfort. The warm quilt of the application significantly improves the heat preservation efficiency while keeping good ventilation, and meets the high requirements of the functional textile processing technical field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of textile processing, in particular to a breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for comfort and functionality of bedding products, breathable and warm quilts, which have both thermal insulation and moisture permeability, have become an important development direction in the textile industry. The existing breathable and warm quilt usually balances the thermal resistance and air permeability through a multi-layer composite structure, and the main raw materials include cotton fiber, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, bamboo charcoal fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber and their blended fabrics. The middle layer is usually made of hollow polyester, ultra-fine denier fiber or hot melt flake to form a stable air insulation layer. In terms of performance improvement, the existing technology often uses a combination of physical compounding and chemical finishing, such as using acrylic resin, polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone finishing agent for waterproof and breathable treatment, using far-infrared ceramic powder coating, phase change microcapsule coating and other means to enhance heat storage and heat reflection performance, or using cross-linking, ultraviolet curing, coupling agent grafting and other methods to improve the surface energy and bonding strength of the fabric. These technologies have achieved certain results in improving thermal insulation and wash resistance, but still have problems such as reduced air permeability and insufficient softness.

[0003] However, the existing breathable and warm quilt materials and modification processes still have some deficiencies. On the one hand, traditional thermal insulation layers often sacrifice air permeability while improving thermal insulation, which can cause stuffiness and dampness. On the other hand, conventional coating modification methods often use continuous dense films or high molecular closed layers, which can enhance reflection performance but significantly reduce the transmission efficiency of air and water vapor. In addition, the interface bonding force between non-woven fabric and functional coating is insufficient, which leads to coating peeling and performance degradation after multiple washes.

[0004] The reasons include insufficient surface activity of the substrate, uneven dispersion of coating particles, poor flexibility of the polymer system, and poor thermal stress matching, which make it difficult for the material to balance heat reflection, softness and air permeability.

[0005] In view of the above technical defects, a solution is proposed. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application relates to the technical field of textile processing, in particular to a breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] The technical problems to be solved by the present application are as follows:

[0008] A breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure includes an outer fabric layer, a modified warm non-woven fabric, an elastic layer, a wadding layer, and an inner fabric layer, from the outside to the inside.

[0009] The outer fabric is made of one or more of the following fibers: cotton, polyester, wool, nylon, regenerated cellulose, acetate, acrylic, and spandex, with a weight of 90-200 GSM.

[0010] The elastic layer is one or more of latex sponge, polyurethane foam, aerogel foam, and ethylene-vinyl acetate foam;

[0011] The wadding layer is obtained by carding one or more of wool fibers, regenerated fibers, moisture-wicking shaped fibers, three-dimensional hollow fibers, ultra-fine denier fibers and hot melt fibers into a web, with a basis weight of 100-200 GSM.

[0012] The inner fabric is made from one or more of the following fibers: cotton, polyester, wool, nylon, regenerated cellulose, acetate, acrylic, and spandex, with a weight of 90-200 GSM.

[0013] Furthermore, the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric is prepared by the following steps:

[0014] A1. Immerse the cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric in a weak alkaline solution at an impregnation ratio of 1:30-35 for 15-30 minutes, and then perform post-treatment to obtain the pretreated nonwoven fabric.

[0015] The reaction principle for preparing pretreated nonwoven fabric is as follows:

[0016] During the reaction, the weakly alkaline environment provided by sodium carbonate saponifies, hydrolyzes, and removes waxes, pectins, and free fatty acids in the cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric, and causes the fibers to swell and some amorphous regions to relax. The surface -OH groups undergo partial deprotonation, which improves the surface energy and hydrophilicity of the cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric and reduces the contact angle, resulting in a pretreated nonwoven fabric.

[0017] A2. The pretreated nonwoven fabric is subjected to plasma discharge treatment to obtain activated nonwoven fabric;

[0018] The reaction principle for preparing activated nonwoven fabric is as follows:

[0019] During the reaction, plasma is introduced through micro-etching and surface free radicals to generate polar functional groups such as -OH, -C=O, and -COOH on the fiber surface, which significantly increases the surface energy and provides chemical anchoring points. At the same time, the nanoscale roughness increases, forming a dual-mechanism interface of chemical bonding and mechanical interlocking. The plasma-induced surface peroxide can also undergo free radical grafting with the acrylic double bonds in the coating during subsequent thermal curing to obtain activated nonwoven fabric.

[0020] A3. Lay the activated nonwoven fabric flat on the printing table, fix it with positioning clips, place a 100T flat screen with a table spacing of 1.5-2.0mm, and use a squeegee to lightly press and scrape the modified printing coating at an angle of 70-75°. After post-treatment, the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric is obtained.

[0021] The reaction principle for preparing modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric is as follows:

[0022] During the reaction, under heat treatment at 110-120℃, the initiator in the modified printing coating undergoes pyrolysis, which triggers the free radical grafting reaction between the olefinic unsaturated double bonds of the modified polyurethane emulsion and modified nanoparticles and the peroxides on the surface of the activated nonwoven fabric, forming chemical bonds and obtaining the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric.

[0023] Further, in step A1, the weak alkaline solution is composed of sodium carbonate, OP-10, and deionized water in a ratio of 1.5-2.5g:1-2g:800-1000mL. The post-treatment step includes: after the reaction is completed, the nonwoven fabric product is taken out, washed with deionized water and ethanol 2-4 times, transferred to an oven at 50-60℃, and dried to constant weight to obtain pretreated nonwoven fabric. The cellulose content in the cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric is 65-75%. In step A3, the thickness of the modified printing coating is 40-50μm, the coverage of the modified printing coating on the activated nonwoven fabric is 30%-40%, and the basis weight of the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric is 100-120GSM. The post-treatment step includes: after the reaction is completed, the nonwoven fabric product is placed in an oven at 50-60℃ and dried for 4-6 hours. The oven temperature is then raised to 115-125℃ and dried for 2-4 hours to obtain modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric.

[0024] Further, in step A2, the method for preparing the activated nonwoven fabric is as follows: the pretreated nonwoven fabric is placed in a low-temperature plasma treatment chamber, oxygen is introduced and the plasma generator is started under a vacuum of 30-50 Pa, and the fabric is treated with a discharge power of 100-200 W for 1-2 minutes to obtain the activated nonwoven fabric.

[0025] Furthermore, the modified printing coating is prepared by the following steps:

[0026] B1. Mixed alcohol, dibutyltin dilaurate and toluene are placed in a reaction vessel under nitrogen atmosphere and stirred. Isophorone diisocyanate is added. The reaction vessel is heated to 70-80℃ and kept at this temperature for 1-2 hours. The reaction vessel is then cooled to 45-55℃. A capping agent is added and kept at this temperature for 0.5-1 hour. Triethylamine is added and kept at this temperature for 10-15 minutes. The modified polyurethane emulsion is obtained after post-treatment.

[0027] The preparation reaction principle of modified polyurethane emulsion is as follows:

[0028] During the reaction, under the action of high temperature and catalyst, the hydroxyl groups of polycaprolactone diol and 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid undergo a nucleophilic reaction with the isocyanate group of isophorone diisocyanate. By controlling the molar amount of isophorone diisocyanate, an isocyanate-terminated intermediate is obtained. Pentaerythritol triacrylate is added as a terminator, triethylamine is added as a neutralizing agent, and under the action of deionized water, an olefin double-bond-terminated modified polyurethane emulsion is obtained.

[0029] B2. Place the modified polyurethane emulsion, modified nanoparticles and auxiliary additives in a reaction vessel and mix them evenly to obtain the modified printing coating.

[0030] Further, in step B1, the ratio of the mixed alcohol, dibutyltin dilaurate, toluene, pentaerythritol triacrylate, and triethylamine is 3-4g:0.2-0.4g:40-60mL:1-2g:0.5-1g. The mixed alcohol is obtained by uniformly mixing polycaprolactone diol and 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid in a weight ratio of 2-4:0.5-1. The molar amount of isophorone diisocyanate is 0.55 times the total molar amount of hydroxyl groups in polycaprolactone diol and 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid. The end-capping agent is pentaerythritol triacrylate. The post-treatment step includes: after the reaction is completed, adding 20-30mL of deionized water to the reaction solution, stirring and emulsifying, heating the reaction vessel to 100-110℃, and distilling under reduced pressure to constant weight to obtain the modified polyurethane emulsion.

[0031] Furthermore, in step B2, the weight ratio of the modified polyurethane emulsion, modified nanoparticles, and auxiliary additives is 60-80:5-7:1-3. The auxiliary additives consist of an initiator and a wetting agent in a mass ratio of 3:1. The initiator is tert-butyl peroxide, and the wetting agent is one or more of the following: fluorocarbon surfactant FS-3100, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9.

[0032] Furthermore, the modified nanoparticles are prepared by the following steps:

[0033] C1. Place polyethylene glycol and deionized water in a reaction vessel and stir. Heat the reaction vessel to 45-55℃, slowly add zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate aqueous solution, keep warm and stir for 1-3 min, add ammonia solution to adjust pH=8±0.5, keep warm and react for 1-2 h, and then process to obtain crude zinc oxide containing aluminum.

[0034] C2. Place the crude aluminum-containing zinc oxide in a muffle furnace and calcine at high temperature for 1-2 hours. Then, perform post-treatment to obtain the modified nanoparticle precursor.

[0035] The preparation reaction principle of modified nanoparticle precursors is as follows:

[0036] During the reaction, in the presence of polyethylene glycol, the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 8 ± 0.5 using an ammonia solution. Zinc and aluminum ions co-precipitated as hydroxides, while ammonium ions and zinc ions could form [Zn(NH3)4]. 2+ Uniform nucleation occurs when polyethylene glycol adsorbs onto the surface of newly formed crystal nuclei, inhibiting agglomeration and particle growth, and promoting uniform incorporation of aluminum ions at the nanoscale, preparing for subsequent aluminum doping. Further, after calcination, dehydration, and crystallization at 550-650℃, the layered precursor collapses into nano-mixed oxides and crystallizes into hexagonal wurtzite zinc oxide. During this process, some aluminum ions enter the zinc oxide lattice by replacing zinc ions, ultimately yielding the modified nanoparticle precursor.

[0037] C3. The modified nanoparticle precursor, deionized water, ethanol and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane were placed in a reaction vessel and stirred. The reaction vessel was heated to 45-55℃, acetic acid solution was added, and the reaction was kept at this temperature for 2-4 hours. The modified nanoparticles were then obtained after post-treatment.

[0038] The preparation reaction principle of modified nanoparticles is as follows:

[0039] During the reaction, under the weakly acidic environment provided by the acetic acid solution, the siloxane bonds of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane hydrolyze into silanols. The silanols then undergo a condensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the modified nanoparticle precursor to obtain modified nanoparticles modified with olefin unsaturated double bond silane coupling agents.

[0040] Further, in step C1, the ratio of polyethylene glycol, deionized water, zinc acetate dihydrate aqueous solution, and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate aqueous solution is 0.5-1g:500-700mL:600-800mL:400-600mL, the concentration of zinc acetate dihydrate aqueous solution is 5-8wt%, the concentration of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate aqueous solution is 0.4-0.6wt%, and the concentration of ammonia solution is 20-25wt%. The post-processing steps include: after the reaction is completed, the reaction system is cooled to room temperature, filtered, the filter cake is washed 2-4 times with deionized water and ethanol, transferred to an oven at 85-95℃, and dried to constant weight to obtain crude aluminum-containing zinc oxide.

[0041] Furthermore, in step C2, the high-temperature calcination temperature is 550-650℃, the heating rate is 5℃ / min, and the post-processing step includes: after the reaction is completed, wait for the reaction product to return to room temperature, grind it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified nanoparticle precursor.

[0042] Further, in step C3, the ratio of the modified nanoparticle precursor, deionized water, ethanol, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and acetic acid solution is 2-4g:4-6mL:20-40mL:0.5-1g:5-7mL, and the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 0.5-1.0mol / L. The post-treatment step includes: after the reaction is completed, the reaction system is cooled to room temperature, filtered, the filter cake is washed 2-4 times with deionized water and ethanol, transferred to an oven at 50-60℃, and dried to constant weight to obtain modified nanoparticles.

[0043] This invention also proposes a method for preparing a breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure, the method comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1. Stack the inner fabric, wadding layer, elastic layer, modified thermal non-woven fabric and outer fabric in order from the inside to the outside, and temporarily fix them with positioning clips to obtain a breathable and thermal quilt.

[0045] S2. Place the coarse breathable and warm quilt into a quilting machine for quilting and fixing. After trimming and binding the edges, you will get a breathable and warm quilt.

[0046] Furthermore, in step S1, the side of the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric coated with the coating faces the elastic layer; in step S2, the fixed quilting stitch spacing is 12-15cm, the stitch distance is 2-5cm, and the quilting stitch is one or more of straight lines, wavy lines, grid patterns, and diamond patterns.

[0047] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. This invention obtains a precursor by calcining crude zinc oxide containing aluminum at high temperature, then performs a surface modification reaction with a silane coupling agent, and after washing and drying, obtains surface-organized modified nanoparticles. These modified nanoparticles are then used to prepare a modified printing coating, which is further coated onto one side of a treated cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric. The coated side of the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric faces the elastic layer, ultimately resulting in a breathable and thermally insulating quilt. Firstly, the modified nanoparticles themselves possess extremely high specific surface area and surface activity. Through surface organic modification using γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane during the preparation process, they exhibit good interfacial compatibility with the polyurethane matrix and the organic components in the printing coating, enabling uniform dispersion in the coating and preventing agglomeration, thereby forming a dense and uniform functional... The modified network structure not only enhances the overall mechanical strength and flexibility of the coating, but also improves the bonding strength between the printed layer and the nonwoven fabric matrix. It forms a stable nano-interface layer on the fiber surface, improving the coating's washability and abrasion resistance. This ensures the modified nonwoven fabric retains its warmth and breathability after multiple washes. Secondly, the composite effect of nano-zinc oxide and aluminum gives the material excellent infrared reflection and heat radiation shielding capabilities, effectively reflecting human body radiant heat and reducing heat loss, thereby improving the insulation efficiency of the breathable and warm quilt. Furthermore, the presence of nanoparticles in the coating can regulate the surface micro-pore structure, allowing the printed layer to maintain a certain degree of density without affecting overall airflow, helping to maintain breathability and allow moisture to diffuse and dissipate, thus improving comfort during use.

[0049] 2. This invention involves reacting polycaprolactone diol, 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid, and isophorone diisocyanate to introduce pentaerythritol triacrylate crosslinking, thereby obtaining a modified polyurethane emulsion. Further, the modified polyurethane emulsion is uniformly compounded with modified nanoparticles and auxiliary additives to obtain a modified printing coating. This coating uses the modified polyurethane emulsion as a film-forming matrix, combined with modified nano-zinc oxide-aluminum composite particles surface-treated with a silane coupling agent. This significantly improves the structural density, heat reflectivity, and durability of the cured modified printing coating. Firstly, the pentaerythritol triacrylate in the modified polyurethane emulsion introduces multifunctional crosslinking points, enabling the coating film to form a flexible and dense network structure, enhancing the mechanical strength and adhesion of the coating, and ensuring its firm bonding on the nonwoven fabric substrate. The coating is designed to prevent peeling or cracking, thus improving the washability and abrasion resistance of the breathable and warm blanket. Furthermore, the nanoparticles can adjust the micro-pore structure in the coating, maintaining the connectivity of air channels, so that the material can maintain good breathability while maintaining its heat insulation performance. In addition, the nanoparticles modified with γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane form chemical bonds with the polyurethane molecular chains, enhancing interfacial compatibility and resistance to interfacial migration, so that the coating can maintain stable thermal and mechanical properties after long-term use and washing. Finally, the tert-butyl peroxide introduced into the coating system can promote the free radical cross-linking curing reaction, making the printed coating of the modified warm non-woven fabric denser and more heat-resistant, ensuring that it does not yellow or degrade during drying, baking and finishing processes.

[0050] 3. In the preparation process of the breathable and warm quilt, this invention employs a flatbed printing method to prepare the printed coating and a quilting fixing process. The flatbed printing process utilizes a 100T fine flatbed screen to achieve uniform distribution of the coating on the nonwoven fabric surface. A squeegee is used to lightly press and scrape the coating at a 70-75° angle, allowing the modified printing coating to fully penetrate and evenly adhere to the fiber surface, forming a dense functional coating. This process not only ensures the full integration of the modified polyurethane emulsion and nanoparticles in the nonwoven fabric but also effectively avoids local accumulation and pore blockage. Therefore, the breathable and warm quilt maintains excellent heat retention while also possessing good breathability and a soft feel. Furthermore, the thin coating formed by flatbed printing... It possesses excellent extensibility and adhesion, and can be stably cured during heat treatment, improving the coating's wear resistance, washability, and thermal stability. Secondly, the quilting and fixing process stitches the multi-layer structure together, which not only firmly binds the inner layer, wadding layer, elastic layer, and outer fabric, but also forms a regular air passage structure at the seams, allowing for smoother airflow inside the quilt, thereby enhancing overall breathability and humidity regulation. Furthermore, by incorporating an elastic layer, the volume of still air within the quilt can be increased, further enhancing the heat retention effect of the breathable and warm quilt. The slow rebound of the elastic layer improves comfort to the touch and ensures good rebound performance even after compression. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathable and heat-insulating blanket prepared according to the present invention after partial cross-section.

[0053] In the diagram: 1. Outer fabric; 2. Modified thermal nonwoven fabric; 3. Elastic layer; 4. Fluff layer; 5. Inner fabric. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] The polycaprolactone diol used in this invention was purchased from Hubei Langbowan Biomedical Co., Ltd., and its brand name is Langbowan with a molecular weight of 2000.

[0056] The polyethylene glycol used in this invention was purchased from Haian Petrochemical Plant in Jiangsu Province, and its density is 1.27 g / cm³. 3 The standard implemented is the national standard, and the molecular weight is 1500.

[0057] The OP-10 used in this invention was purchased from Jinan Weixing Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. The product grade is superior, the composition is polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether-10, and the content of active ingredient is 99%.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0060] Step I: Prepare crude zinc oxide containing aluminum;

[0061] Weigh 5g of polyethylene glycol and 5000mL of deionized water and place them in a reaction vessel. Stir the vessel and heat it to 45℃. Slowly add 6000mL of 5wt% zinc acetate dihydrate and 4000mL of 0.4wt% aluminum nitrate nonahydrate. Keep the vessel heated and stirred for 1min. Add 20wt% ammonia solution to adjust the pH to 7.5 and keep the vessel heated for 1h. After the reaction is complete, wait for the reaction system to cool to room temperature, filter the mixture, wash the filter cake twice with deionized water and ethanol, transfer it to an oven at 85℃, and dry it to constant weight to obtain crude zinc oxide containing aluminum.

[0062] Step II: Preparation of modified nanoparticle precursors;

[0063] The crude aluminum-containing zinc oxide was placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 550°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min. It was then calcined at high temperature for 1 hour. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was allowed to return to room temperature, ground, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified nanoparticle precursor.

[0064] Step III: Preparation of modified nanoparticles;

[0065] Weigh 20g of modified nanoparticle precursor, 40mL of deionized water, 200mL of ethanol and 5g of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and place them in a reaction vessel and stir. Heat the reaction vessel to 45℃, add 50mL of 0.5mol / L acetic acid solution, and keep the reaction at this temperature for 2h. After the reaction is complete, wait for the reaction system to cool to room temperature, filter, wash the filter cake twice with deionized water and ethanol, transfer it to an oven at 50℃ and dry it to constant weight to obtain modified nanoparticles.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0068] Step I: Prepare crude zinc oxide containing aluminum;

[0069] Weigh out 7g of polyethylene glycol and 6000mL of deionized water and place them in a reaction vessel. Stir the vessel and heat it to 50℃. Slowly add 7000mL of 6.5wt% zinc acetate dihydrate and 5000mL of 0.5wt% aluminum nitrate nonahydrate. Keep the vessel heated and stirred for 2min. Add 22.5wt% ammonia solution to adjust the pH to 8 and keep the vessel heated for 1.5h. After the reaction is complete, wait for the reaction system to cool to room temperature, filter the mixture, wash the filter cake three times with deionized water and ethanol, transfer it to an oven at 90℃, and dry it to constant weight to obtain crude zinc oxide containing aluminum.

[0070] Step II: Preparation of modified nanoparticle precursors;

[0071] The crude zinc oxide containing aluminum was placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 600°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min. It was then calcined at high temperature for 1.5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was allowed to return to room temperature, ground, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified nanoparticle precursor.

[0072] Step III: Preparation of modified nanoparticles;

[0073] Weigh out 30g of modified nanoparticle precursor, 50mL of deionized water, 300mL of ethanol and 7g of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and place them in a reaction vessel and stir. Heat the reaction vessel to 50℃, add 60mL of 0.75mol / L acetic acid solution, and keep the reaction at this temperature for 3h. After the reaction is complete, wait for the reaction system to cool to room temperature, filter, wash the filter cake three times with deionized water and ethanol, transfer it to an oven at 55℃ and dry it to constant weight to obtain modified nanoparticles.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0076] Step I: Prepare crude zinc oxide containing aluminum;

[0077] Weigh 10g of polyethylene glycol and 7000mL of deionized water and place them in a reaction vessel. Stir the vessel and heat it to 55℃. Slowly add 8000mL of 8wt% zinc acetate dihydrate and 6000mL of 0.6wt% aluminum nitrate nonahydrate. Keep the vessel heated and stirred for 3min. Add 25wt% ammonia solution to adjust the pH to 8.5 and keep the vessel heated for 2h. After the reaction is complete, wait for the reaction system to cool to room temperature, filter the mixture, wash the filter cake four times with deionized water and ethanol, transfer it to an oven at 95℃, and dry it to constant weight to obtain crude zinc oxide containing aluminum.

[0078] Step II: Preparation of modified nanoparticle precursors;

[0079] The crude aluminum-containing zinc oxide was placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 650°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min. It was then calcined at high temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was allowed to return to room temperature, ground, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified nanoparticle precursor.

[0080] Step III: Preparation of modified nanoparticles;

[0081] Weigh out 40g of modified nanoparticle precursor, 60mL of deionized water, 400mL of ethanol and 10g of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and place them in a reaction vessel and stir. Heat the reaction vessel to 55℃, add 70mL of 1.0mol / L acetic acid solution, and keep the reaction at this temperature for 4h. After the reaction is complete, wait for the reaction system to cool to room temperature, filter, wash the filter cake 4 times with deionized water and ethanol, transfer it to an oven at 60℃ and dry it to constant weight to obtain modified nanoparticles.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0084] Step ①: Prepare the modified polyurethane emulsion;

[0085] Weigh out 20g of polycaprolactone diol and 5g of 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid, mix them evenly to obtain a mixed alcohol, and set aside for later use;

[0086] Weigh out 30g of mixed alcohol, 2g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 400mL of toluene and place them in a nitrogen-protected reactor. Stir the mixture. Add isophorone diisocyanate at 0.55 times the total molar amount of hydroxyl groups in polycaprolactone diol and 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid. Heat the reactor to 70℃ and maintain the temperature for 1h. Add 10g of pentaerythritol triacrylate and maintain the temperature for 0.5h. Add 5g of triethylamine and maintain the temperature for 10min. After the reaction is complete, add 200mL of deionized water to the reaction solution, stir to emulsify, and then heat the reactor to 100℃. Distill under reduced pressure to constant weight to obtain a modified polyurethane emulsion.

[0087] Step 2: Prepare modified printing coating;

[0088] tert-butyl peroxide and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain an auxiliary additive, which was then set aside.

[0089] Weigh out 600g of modified polyurethane emulsion, 50g of modified nanoparticles and 10g of auxiliary additives and place them in a reaction vessel. Mix them evenly to obtain the modified printing coating.

[0090] Example 5

[0091] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0092] Step ①: Prepare the modified polyurethane emulsion;

[0093] Weigh out 30g of polycaprolactone diol and 7g of 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid, mix them evenly to obtain a mixed alcohol, and set aside for later use;

[0094] Weigh out 35g of mixed alcohol, 3g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 500mL of toluene and place them in a nitrogen-protected reactor. Stir the mixture. Add isophorone diisocyanate at 0.55 times the total molar amount of hydroxyl groups in polycaprolactone diol and 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid. Heat the reactor to 75°C and maintain the temperature for 1.5h. Add 15g of pentaerythritol triacrylate and maintain the temperature for 1h. Add 7g of triethylamine and maintain the temperature for 12min. After the reaction is complete, add 250mL of deionized water to the reaction solution and stir to emulsify. Heat the reactor to 105°C and distill under reduced pressure to constant weight to obtain a modified polyurethane emulsion.

[0095] Step 2: Prepare modified printing coating;

[0096] tert-butyl peroxide and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain an auxiliary additive, which was then set aside.

[0097] Weigh out 700g of modified polyurethane emulsion, 60g of modified nanoparticles and 20g of auxiliary additives and place them in a reaction vessel. Mix them evenly to obtain the modified printing coating.

[0098] Example 6

[0099] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0100] Step ①: Prepare the modified polyurethane emulsion;

[0101] Weigh out 40g of polycaprolactone diol and 10g of 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid, mix them evenly to obtain a mixed alcohol, and set aside for later use;

[0102] Weigh out 40g of mixed alcohol, 4g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 600mL of toluene and place them in a nitrogen-protected reactor. Stir the mixture. Add isophorone diisocyanate at 0.55 times the total molar amount of hydroxyl groups in polycaprolactone diol and 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid. Heat the reactor to 80℃ and maintain the temperature for 2 hours. Add 20g of pentaerythritol triacrylate and maintain the temperature for 1 hour. Add 10g of triethylamine and maintain the temperature for 15 minutes. After the reaction is complete, add 300mL of deionized water to the reaction solution and stir to emulsify. Heat the reactor to 110℃ and distill under reduced pressure to constant weight to obtain a modified polyurethane emulsion.

[0103] Step 2: Prepare modified printing coating;

[0104] tert-butyl peroxide and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain an auxiliary additive, which was then set aside.

[0105] Weigh out 800g of modified polyurethane emulsion, 70g of modified nanoparticles and 30g of auxiliary additives and place them in a reaction vessel. Mix them evenly to obtain the modified printing coating.

[0106] Example 7

[0107] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0108] Step (1): Prepare pretreated nonwoven fabric;

[0109] Weigh out 15g of sodium carbonate, 10g of OP-10 and 8000mL of deionized water, mix them thoroughly to obtain a weak alkaline solution, and set aside.

[0110] Cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric was impregnated in a weak alkaline solution at an impregnation ratio of 1:30 for 15 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the nonwoven fabric product was taken out, washed twice with deionized water and ethanol, transferred to an oven at 50°C, and dried to constant weight to obtain pretreated nonwoven fabric.

[0111] Step 2: Prepare activated nonwoven fabric;

[0112] The pretreated nonwoven fabric was placed in a low-temperature plasma treatment chamber. Under a vacuum of 30 Pa, oxygen was introduced and the plasma generator was started. The fabric was treated with a discharge power of 100 W for 1 minute to obtain activated nonwoven fabric.

[0113] Step (3): Prepare modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric;

[0114] The activated nonwoven fabric is laid flat on the printing table and fixed with positioning clips. A 100T flat screen is placed with a table spacing of 1.5mm. The modified printing coating is lightly pressed and scraped at a 70° angle using a squeegee. After the reaction is complete, the nonwoven fabric product is placed in an oven at 50°C for 4 hours. The oven temperature is then raised to 115°C and dried for 2 hours to obtain the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric.

[0115] Example 8

[0116] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0117] Step (1): Prepare pretreated nonwoven fabric;

[0118] Weigh out 20g of sodium carbonate, 15g of OP-10 and 9000mL of deionized water, mix them thoroughly to obtain a weak alkaline solution, and set aside.

[0119] Cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric was impregnated in a weak alkaline solution at an impregnation ratio of 1:32 for 20 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the nonwoven fabric product was taken out, washed three times with deionized water and ethanol, transferred to an oven at 55°C, and dried to constant weight to obtain pretreated nonwoven fabric.

[0120] Step 2: Prepare activated nonwoven fabric;

[0121] The pretreated nonwoven fabric was placed in a low-temperature plasma treatment chamber. Under a vacuum of 40 Pa, oxygen was introduced and the plasma generator was started. The fabric was treated with a discharge power of 150 W for 1.5 min to obtain activated nonwoven fabric.

[0122] Step (3): Prepare modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric;

[0123] The activated nonwoven fabric is laid flat on the printing table and fixed with positioning clips. A 100T flat screen is placed with a table spacing of 1.7mm. The modified printing coating is lightly pressed and scraped at a 73° angle using a squeegee. After the reaction is complete, the nonwoven fabric product is placed in an oven at 55°C for 5 hours. The oven temperature is then raised to 120°C and dried for 3 hours to obtain the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric.

[0124] Example 9

[0125] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0126] Step (1): Prepare pretreated nonwoven fabric;

[0127] Weigh out 25g of sodium carbonate, 20g of OP-10 and 10000mL of deionized water, mix them evenly to obtain a weak alkaline solution, and set aside for later use;

[0128] Cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric was impregnated in a weak alkaline solution at an impregnation ratio of 1:35 for 30 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the nonwoven fabric product was taken out, washed four times with deionized water and ethanol, transferred to an oven at 60°C, and dried to constant weight to obtain pretreated nonwoven fabric.

[0129] Step 2: Prepare activated nonwoven fabric;

[0130] The pretreated nonwoven fabric was placed in a low-temperature plasma treatment chamber. Under a vacuum of 50 Pa, oxygen was introduced and the plasma generator was started. The fabric was treated with a discharge power of 200 W for 2 minutes to obtain activated nonwoven fabric.

[0131] Step (3): Prepare modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric;

[0132] The activated nonwoven fabric is laid flat on the printing table and fixed with positioning clips. A 100T flat screen is placed with a table spacing of 2.0mm. The modified printing coating is lightly pressed and scraped at a 75° angle using a squeegee. After the reaction is complete, the nonwoven fabric product is placed in an oven at 60°C and dried for 6 hours. The oven temperature is then raised to 125°C and dried for 4 hours to obtain the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric.

[0133] Example 10

[0134] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0135] Step 1: Prepare a breathable and warm quilt rough material;

[0136] The inner fabric 5, the wadding layer 4, the elastic layer 3, the modified thermal nonwoven fabric 2 prepared in Example 7, and the outer fabric 1 are stacked in sequence from the inside to the outside. After being temporarily fixed with positioning clips, a breathable and thermal quilt coarse product is obtained.

[0137] Step 2: Prepare a breathable and warm quilt;

[0138] Place the rough breathable and warm quilt onto a quilting machine and quilt it in a wavy stitch with a seam spacing of 12cm and a stitch length of 2cm. After trimming and binding the edges, you will get the breathable and warm quilt.

[0139] Example 11

[0140] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0141] Step 1: Prepare a breathable and warm quilt rough material;

[0142] The inner fabric 5, the wadding layer 4, the elastic layer 3, the modified thermal nonwoven fabric 2 prepared in Example 8, and the outer fabric 1 are stacked in sequence from the inside to the outside. After being temporarily fixed with positioning clips, a breathable and thermal quilt coarse product is obtained.

[0143] Step 2: Prepare a breathable and warm quilt;

[0144] Place the rough breathable and warm quilt onto a quilting machine and quilt it in a wavy stitch with a seam spacing of 13.5cm and a stitch length of 3.5cm. After trimming and binding the edges, you will get a breathable and warm quilt.

[0145] Example 12

[0146] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a breathable and warm composite quilt, including the following steps:

[0147] Step 1: Prepare a breathable and warm quilt rough material;

[0148] The inner fabric 5, the wadding layer 4, the elastic layer 3, the modified thermal nonwoven fabric 2 prepared in Example 9, and the outer fabric 1 are stacked in sequence from the inside to the outside. After being temporarily fixed with positioning clips, a breathable and thermal quilt coarse product is obtained.

[0149] Step 2: Prepare a breathable and warm quilt;

[0150] Place the rough breathable and warm quilt onto a quilting machine and quilt it in a wavy stitch with a seam spacing of 15cm and a stitch length of 5cm. After trimming and binding the edges, you will have a breathable and warm quilt.

[0151] Comparative Example 1:

[0152] The difference between this comparative example and Example 12 is that the addition of pentaerythritol triacrylate was omitted in step ① when preparing the modified polyurethane emulsion.

[0153] Comparative Example 2:

[0154] The difference between this comparative example and Example 12 is that, in step ②, when preparing the modified printing coating, the modified nanoparticle precursor is used in an equal amount to replace the modified nanoparticles.

[0155] Comparative Example 3:

[0156] The difference between this comparative example and Example 12 is that the flat mesh is omitted when preparing the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric in step (3).

[0157] Comparative Example 4:

[0158] The difference between this comparative example and Example 12 is that the elastic layer was omitted when preparing the breathable and warm quilt in step one.

[0159] Performance testing:

[0160] The air permeability of the breathable and warm blankets prepared in Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested in accordance with the standard GB / T 5453-1997 "Determination of air permeability of textile fabrics".

[0161] The thermal resistance of the breathable and thermally insulating blankets prepared in Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 1-4 from the inner layer fabric to the outer layer fabric and from the outer layer fabric to the inner layer fabric were tested in accordance with the standard GB / T 11048-2018 "Determination of thermal resistance and moisture resistance of textiles under steady-state conditions for physiological comfort (evaporative hot plate method)".

[0162] The breathable and thermal quilts prepared in Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were washed and dried 15 times in accordance with the standard GB / T 8629-2017 "Home Washing and Drying Procedures for Textile Testing". The air permeability and thermal resistance of the breathable and thermal quilts after 15 washes and dries were tested in accordance with GB / T 5453-1997 and GB / T 11048-2018.

[0163] See Table 1 for specific data.

[0164] Table 1 - Performance test data of each sample;

[0165] Data Analysis:

[0166] A comparative analysis of the data in Table 1 reveals that the air permeability of the breathable and warm quilt prepared by this invention is 225 mm·s. -1 The thermal resistance from the outside to the inside is 0.8m. 2 ·K·W -1 The thermal resistance from the inside out is 1.4m. 2 ·K·W -1 Meanwhile, after 15 washes and dries, the air permeability is 216 mm·s. -1 The thermal resistance from the outside to the inside is 0.6m. 2 ·K·W -1 The thermal resistance from the inside out is 1.2m. 2 ·K·W -1 The data in this invention are all superior to those in the comparative example. The present invention obtains a precursor by calcining crude aluminum-containing zinc oxide at high temperature, then performs a surface modification reaction with a silane coupling agent, and obtains surface-organized modified nanoparticles after washing and drying. The modified nanoparticles are then used to prepare a modified printing coating, which is further coated on one side of a treated cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric. The coated side of the modified thermal nonwoven fabric faces the elastic layer, resulting in a breathable and thermally insulating quilt. This not only improves the breathability of the quilt but also enhances its thermal insulation performance.

[0167] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0168] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0169] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure, characterized in that, It includes an outer fabric (1), a modified thermal nonwoven fabric (2), an elastic layer (3), a wadding layer (4), and an inner fabric (5), from the outside to the inside. The outer fabric (1) is woven from one or more of cotton fiber, polyester fiber, wool fiber, nylon fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, acetate fiber, acrylic fiber and spandex fiber, with a weight of 90-200 GSM. The elastic layer (3) is one or more of latex sponge, polyurethane foam, aerogel foam and ethylene-vinyl acetate foam; The wadding layer (4) is obtained by combing one or more of wool fibers, regenerated fibers, moisture-wicking shaped fibers, three-dimensional hollow fibers, ultra-fine denier fibers and hot melt fibers into a web, with a basis weight of 100-200 GSM. The inner fabric (5) is woven from one or more of cotton fiber, polyester fiber, wool fiber, nylon fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, acetate fiber, acrylic fiber and spandex fiber, with a weight of 90-200 GSM. The modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric is prepared by the following steps: A1. Immerse the cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric in a weak alkaline solution at an impregnation ratio of 1:30-35 for 15-30 minutes, and then perform post-treatment to obtain the pretreated nonwoven fabric. A2. The pretreated nonwoven fabric is subjected to plasma discharge treatment to obtain activated nonwoven fabric; A3. Lay the activated nonwoven fabric flat on the printing table, fix it with positioning clips, place a 100T flat screen with a table spacing of 1.5-2.0mm, and use a squeegee to lightly press and scrape the modified printing coating at an angle of 70-75°. After post-treatment, the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric is obtained. The modified printing coating is prepared by the following steps: B1. Mixed alcohol, dibutyltin dilaurate and toluene are placed in a reaction vessel under nitrogen atmosphere and stirred. Isophorone diisocyanate is added. The reaction vessel is heated to 70-80℃ and kept at this temperature for 1-2 hours. The reaction vessel is then cooled to 45-55℃. A capping agent is added and kept at this temperature for 0.5-1 hour. Triethylamine is added and kept at this temperature for 10-15 minutes. The modified polyurethane emulsion is obtained after post-treatment. B2. Place the modified polyurethane emulsion, modified nanoparticles and auxiliary additives in a reaction vessel and mix them evenly to obtain the modified printing coating. The modified nanoparticles were prepared by the following steps: C1. Place polyethylene glycol and deionized water in a reaction vessel and stir. Heat the reaction vessel to 45-55℃, slowly add zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate aqueous solution, keep warm and stir for 1-3 min, add ammonia solution to adjust pH=8±0.5, keep warm and react for 1-2 h, and then process to obtain crude zinc oxide containing aluminum. C2. Place the crude aluminum-containing zinc oxide in a muffle furnace and calcine at high temperature for 1-2 hours. Then, perform post-treatment to obtain the modified nanoparticle precursor. C3. The modified nanoparticle precursor, deionized water, ethanol and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane were placed in a reaction vessel and stirred. The reaction vessel was heated to 45-55℃, acetic acid solution was added, and the reaction was kept at this temperature for 2-4 hours. The modified nanoparticles were then obtained after post-treatment.

2. The breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step A1, the weak alkaline solution is composed of sodium carbonate, OP-10, and deionized water in a ratio of 1.5-2.5g:1-2g:800-1000mL, and the cellulose content in the cellulose cotton nonwoven fabric is 65-75%. In step A3, the thickness of the modified printing coating is 40-50μm, the coverage of the modified printing coating on the activated nonwoven fabric is 30%-40%, and the basis weight of the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric is 100-120GSM.

3. The breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step A2, the method for preparing the activated nonwoven fabric is as follows: the pretreated nonwoven fabric is placed in a low-temperature plasma treatment chamber, oxygen is introduced and the plasma generator is started under a vacuum of 30-50 Pa, and the fabric is treated with a discharge power of 100-200 W for 1-2 minutes to obtain the activated nonwoven fabric.

4. The breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step B1, the ratio of the mixed alcohol, dibutyltin dilaurate, toluene, pentaerythritol triacrylate, and triethylamine is 3-4g:0.2-0.4g:40-60mL:1-2g:0.5-1g. The mixed alcohol is obtained by uniformly mixing polycaprolactone diol and 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid in a weight ratio of 2-4:0.5-1. The molar amount of isophorone diisocyanate is 0.55 times the total molar amount of hydroxyl groups in polycaprolactone diol and 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid. The end-capping agent is pentaerythritol triacrylate. In step B2, the weight ratio of the modified polyurethane emulsion, modified nanoparticles, and auxiliary additives is 60-80:5-7:1-3. The auxiliary additives are composed of an initiator and a wetting agent in a mass ratio of 3:

1.

5. A breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step C1, the ratio of polyethylene glycol, deionized water, zinc acetate dihydrate aqueous solution, and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate aqueous solution is 0.5-1g:500-700mL:600-800mL:400-600mL, the concentration of zinc acetate dihydrate aqueous solution is 5-8wt%, the concentration of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate aqueous solution is 0.4-0.6wt%, and the concentration of ammonia solution is 20-25wt%. In step C2, the high-temperature calcination temperature is 550-650℃, and the heating rate is 5℃ / min. In step C3, the ratio of modified nanoparticle precursor, deionized water, ethanol, γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and acetic acid solution is 2-4g:4-6mL:20-40mL:0.5-1g:5-7mL, and the concentration of acetic acid solution is 0.5-1.0mol / L.

6. A method for preparing a breathable and thermally insulating quilt with a composite structure as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Stack the inner fabric (5), wadding layer (4), elastic layer (3), modified thermal nonwoven fabric (2) and outer fabric (1) in order from the inside to the outside, and temporarily fix them with positioning clips to obtain a breathable and thermal quilt. S2. Place the coarse breathable and warm quilt on a quilting machine for quilting and fixing. After trimming and binding the edges, you will get a breathable and warm quilt.

7. The method for preparing a breathable and warm quilt with a composite structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the side of the modified thermal insulation nonwoven fabric coated with the coating faces the elastic layer; In step S2, the fixed quilting seam spacing is 12-15cm, the stitch spacing is 2-5cm, and the quilting stitches are one or more of the following: straight lines, wavy lines, grid patterns, and diamond patterns.

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