Battery pack protection device for explosion-proof special lithium ion battery electric locomotive

Abstract

The invention discloses an explosion-proof special lithium ion battery electric locomotive battery pack protection device, and particularly relates to the technical field of battery protection, the explosion-proof special lithium ion battery electric locomotive battery pack protection device comprises a protection box and a box cover arranged at the top of the protection box, a battery rack is arranged at the upper part of an inner cavity of the protection box, and cooling mechanisms are arranged in the battery rack at intervals; a battery body is arranged between every two adjacent cooling mechanisms, the shape of each battery body is matched with the internal structure of the battery rack, and an air inlet mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the protection box. According to the explosion-proof special lithium ion battery electric locomotive battery pack protection device, under the action of the cooling mechanism and the air inlet mechanism, the phase change material can be naturally converted into a solid state from a liquid state along with temperature reduction after the battery stops running without depending on a liquid circulation pipeline and cooling liquid, so that the explosion-proof special lithium ion battery electric locomotive battery pack protection device is safe and reliable. The problem of liquid leakage possibly occurring in a water cooling system is fundamentally avoided, faults such as battery short circuit and corrosion caused by liquid leakage are reduced, the use reliability of the device is improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery protection technology, and in particular to a special explosion-proof lithium-ion battery electric locomotive battery pack protection device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles (especially electric vehicles driven by electric motors, such as pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles), lithium-ion battery electric locomotive battery packs are essentially "energy storage and supply units" formed by combining multiple lithium-ion battery cells through series and parallel connections, and by combining them with core components such as battery management system (BMS), structural components, and heat dissipation components. They are the core power source of electric locomotives (electric vehicles), equivalent to the "fuel tank + engine energy core" of traditional fuel vehicles.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN220830012U discloses a heat dissipation device for new energy batteries, relating to the field of heat dissipation device technology. The device includes a battery pack, comprising a protective shell with a top cover fixedly connected to it by bolts. A heat dissipation assembly is disposed inside the protective shell. The heat dissipation assembly includes a heat dissipation aluminum plate with a groove on its upper surface. A second liquid cooling pipe is disposed inside the groove, and the groove is adapted to the second liquid cooling pipe. A lower thermally conductive silicone pad is fixedly connected above the second liquid cooling pipe, and multiple cylindrical batteries are fixedly connected above the lower thermally conductive silicone pad. A first liquid cooling pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each cylindrical battery. A heat insulation pad is disposed between adjacent cylindrical batteries. This design extends the battery's lifespan, helps maintain stable battery temperature, and keeps the battery operating at an optimal temperature, thereby effectively improving the safety of the battery system and protecting the health and safety of vehicle occupants.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned patent documents still have the following defects in practice;

[0005] Although the aforementioned patented device can cool the battery pack, there is a risk of leakage during long-term use due to frequent vehicle starts and stops, high-speed driving, or harsh environments. This could lead to short circuits in the battery pack components and damage to the device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a special explosion-proof lithium-ion battery pack protection device for electric locomotives, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A special explosion-proof lithium-ion battery electric locomotive battery pack protection device includes a protective box and a cover on top of the protective box. A battery rack is provided in the upper part of the inner cavity of the protective box. Cooling mechanisms are arranged at intervals inside the battery rack. A battery body is arranged between each adjacent cooling mechanism. The shape of the battery body matches the internal structure of the battery rack to ensure stable operation of the cover inside the battery rack. An air intake mechanism is provided at the bottom of the protective box. The internal structure of the air intake mechanism cooperates with the air intake hole opened on the lower side of the outer surface of the protective box to draw in cold air from the outside and blow it upward in the inner cavity of the protective box. Several exhaust holes are symmetrically opened on the upper side of the surface of the protective box.

[0009] Preferably, the cooling mechanism includes a plurality of heat-conducting boxes spaced apart inside the battery rack. Each of the heat-conducting boxes has a plurality of air inlet hoods at its lower part. The spacing between two adjacent heat-conducting boxes is adapted to the shape of the battery body. A heat-conducting baffle is provided on the left and right sides of the middle of the inner cavity of each heat-conducting box. The ends of two heat-conducting baffles that are far apart from each other form a sealed cavity with the inner wall of the heat-conducting box. A plurality of copper tubes are provided on the ends of two heat-conducting baffles that are far apart from each other. The copper tubes are wavy and their bottoms penetrate the bottom wall of the heat-conducting box and are connected to the outside. A plurality of air outlets are provided at intervals on the top of the heat-conducting box. The air outlets are connected to the tops of the copper tubes to discharge the air that has absorbed superheat. A stirring assembly is provided between the opposing surfaces of the two heat-conducting baffles for rotation.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a rotating rod rotatably disposed in the middle between two opposing surfaces of the heat-conducting partitions. A plurality of arc plates are arranged in a ring on the outer surface of the rotating rod. As cold air flows upward, the arc plates are blown, causing the rotating rod to rotate. A curved plate is also provided on one side between the opposing surfaces of the two heat-conducting partitions. The curved plate is fixedly installed on one side between the two heat-conducting partitions, blocking the arc plates on one side from being blown away by the rising air. Stirring rods are provided at the ends of the rotating rod that are far apart from each other. The two stirring rods are respectively located in the sealed cavities on the far sides of the two heat-conducting partitions. The arc plates, in conjunction with the rotating rods, drive the stirring rods to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the air intake mechanism includes a second partition plate disposed at the bottom of the protective box, a fan disposed on the upper part of the second partition plate, the fan being connected to the battery body via a connecting wire to provide power to the fan, causing the fan to blow cold air upwards, a lifting component disposed on the upper middle part of the air intake component, and a collecting component slidably disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the protective box, the lifting component working in conjunction with the collecting component to clean the bottom of the air intake component, and the air intake component working in conjunction with the collecting component to collect the dust that falls during cleaning.

[0012] Preferably, the air intake assembly includes a plurality of dustproof plates spaced apart at the bottom of the partition plate 2. Each of the dustproof plates has a rotating fixed cylinder 1 in the middle. Each fixed cylinder 1 has a spring 1 inside its cavity. Each spring 1 has a locking block connected to its lower part. The upper part of the fixed cylinder 1 cooperates with a fan to rotate the locking block. Each of the two adjacent dustproof plates has a fixed cylinder 2. Each of the fixed cylinder 2 has a spring 2 inside its cavity. Each spring 2 has a guide rod at its bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the collection component includes two sliding plates that slide on the lower left and right walls of the inner cavity of the protective box. Several dust collection boxes are spaced apart on the side of the two sliding plates that are close to each other. A cleaning component is provided in the middle of each of the dust collection boxes. A discharge pipe is also provided at the rear of each of the dust collection boxes. A dust storage box is also provided on one side of the bottom wall of the protective box. A dust storage drawer slides inside the dust storage box. The discharge pipe slides on the surface of the dust storage box to collect falling dust.

[0014] Preferably, the lower parts of the two guide rods are fixedly installed between two adjacent dust collection boxes, and the bottom walls of the dust collection boxes are inclined towards the discharge pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the collection assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably disposed in the middle of the dust collection box, the top of the rotating shaft having a slot that matches the locking block, a fixing ring being disposed on the upper part of the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a plurality of cleaning rods being arranged in a ring on the outer surface of the fixing ring, and a plurality of convex balls being arranged in a ring on the upper surface of the fixing ring, the convex balls cooperating with the convex balls to vibrate the dust collection box.

[0016] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes an electric telescopic rod disposed in the middle of the upper side of the second partition, a connecting block is disposed between the two dust collection boxes located in the middle, the output end of the electric telescopic rod extends through the surface of the connecting block to the lower part and is fixedly connected to a lifting plate, and damping rods are disposed on both sides of the upper part of the two lifting plates.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In this invention, through the synergistic effect of the paraffin-based composite phase change material and the air intake mechanism in the cooling mechanism, the battery temperature can be effectively controlled within a safe range, preventing the battery from overheating and causing an explosion or fire, and ensuring the stable operation of the battery body.

[0019] 2. In this invention, thanks to the cooling and air intake mechanisms, there is no need to rely on liquid circulation pipes and coolant. After the battery stops operating, the phase change material can naturally change from liquid to solid as the temperature decreases, which fundamentally avoids the leakage problem that may occur in the water cooling system, reduces battery short circuits, corrosion and other failures caused by leakage, and significantly improves the reliability and service life of the device.

[0020] 3. In this invention, the air intake mechanism can isolate dust in the air on its surface, preventing dust from entering the protective box and affecting heat dissipation; and after heat dissipation, the lifting component can drive the collection component to move, which can realize automatic cleaning and centralized storage of dust, without the need for frequent disassembly of the device, and maintain the high efficiency and stability of the heat dissipation system for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery holder and battery body structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery holder and cooling mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cooling mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stirring assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air intake mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the air intake assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the collection component structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged view of section B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lifting component of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Protective box; 2. Air inlet; 3. Exhaust outlet; 4. Battery rack; 5. Battery body; 6. Cooling mechanism; 61. Heat conduction box; 62. Air inlet hood; 63. Air outlet; 64. Heat conduction partition one; 65. Copper pipe; 66. Stirring assembly; 661. Rotating rod; 662. Arc plate; 663. Bend plate; 664. Stirring rod; 7. Air inlet mechanism; 71. Fan; 72. Partition two; 73. Air inlet assembly; 731. Dustproof plate; 732. Fixing cylinder one; 733. Spring one; 734. Locking block; 7 35. Fixed cylinder two; 736. Spring two; 737. Guide rod; 738. Convex ball one; 74. Collection assembly; 741. Dust collection box; 742. Dust storage box; 743. Dust storage drawer; 744. Material drop pipe; 745. Cleaning assembly; 7451. Rotating shaft; 7452. Slot; 7453. Fixing ring; 7454. Sweeping rod; 7455. Convex ball two; 746. Slide plate; 75. Lifting assembly; 751. Electric telescopic rod; 752. Connecting block; 753. Lifting plate; 754. Damping rod; 8. Box cover. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0036] In order for this case to be implemented normally, it is necessary to add "paraffin-based composite phase change material" in the existing technology inside the cooling mechanism (6). Its core principle is to take advantage of the characteristics of large latent heat of paraffin phase change and adjustable phase change temperature, and achieve "passive heat storage-temperature control" by absorbing heat. Then, combined with the auxiliary structure, the stored heat is discharged, thereby relieving the heat dissipation pressure.

[0037] When the battery body (5) comes into contact with the interior of the cooling mechanism (6) during use, when the temperature of the battery body (5) rises to the phase change temperature of paraffin (usually 20-60℃, which can be adjusted by the type of paraffin), the paraffin melts from solid to liquid and absorbs a large amount of heat.

[0038] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 4As shown, a special explosion-proof lithium-ion battery electric locomotive battery pack protection device includes a protective box (1) and a box cover (8) set on the top of the protective box (1). A battery rack (4) is set in the upper part of the inner cavity of the protective box (1). Cooling mechanisms (6) are set at intervals inside the battery rack (4). A battery body (5) is set between two adjacent cooling mechanisms (6). The shape of the battery body (5) matches the internal structure of the battery rack (4) to ensure that the box cover (8) operates stably inside the battery rack (4). An air intake mechanism (7) is set at the bottom of the protective box (1). The internal structure of the air intake mechanism (7) cooperates with the air intake hole (2) opened on the lower side of the outer surface of the protective box (1) to draw in cold air from the outside and blow it upward in the inner cavity of the protective box (1). Several exhaust holes (3) are symmetrically opened on the upper side of the surface of the protective box (1).

[0039] In this embodiment, the operator first opens the box cover (8), and then places the prepared battery body (5) into the battery rack (4) in sequence. The shape of the battery body (5) matches the internal structure of the battery rack (4) to ensure that the battery body (5) runs stably inside the battery rack (4). Then, the entire device is installed inside the locomotive battery pack. During the operation of the battery body (5), heat is generated. Then, the components inside the air intake mechanism (7) set at the bottom of the protective box (1) are activated, so that the internal structure of the air intake mechanism (7) draws in cold air from the outside through the air intake hole (2) opened on the lower side of the outer surface of the protective box (1). The cold air drawn in flows upward inside the protective box (1) and generates heat through the battery body (5). This causes the paraffin-based composite phase change material stored inside the cooling mechanism (6) to melt into a liquid state, and the formed liquid paraffin-based composite phase change material absorbs heat. The heat emitted by the battery body (5) is simultaneously carried upward by the cold air and enters the internal structure of the cooling mechanism (6). The cold air flow drives the components inside the cooling mechanism (6) to stir the liquid paraffin-based composite phase change material. Since the viscosity of the liquid paraffin-based composite phase change material is higher than that of water after it is in a liquid state, the resistance increases during the stirring process, thereby causing the liquid paraffin-based composite phase change material to form a slight convection (which is gentler than traditional stirring and avoids damaging the composite structure of the liquid paraffin-based composite phase change material) to accelerate the heat diffusion. At the same time, the cold air continuously flows upward inside the cooling mechanism (6) to carry away the heat absorbed by the liquid paraffin-based composite phase change material and discharge it outward through the exhaust hole (3) opened at the top of the upper protective box (1), achieving a high-efficiency heat dissipation effect and ensuring that the battery body (5) will not overheat and cause an explosion or fire, effectively protecting the battery body (5).

[0040] Then, when the battery body (5) stops running, the air intake mechanism (7) is continuously started to draw in cold air from the outside and flow upward in the inner cavity of the protective box (1) until the residual heat generated by the operation of the battery body (5) is discharged from the interior of the protective box (1). At the same time, as the residual heat of the battery body (5) is carried out of the interior of the protective box (1), the internal structural temperature of the cooling mechanism (6) gradually decreases to below the phase change temperature of the paraffin-based composite phase change material, and the liquid gradually turns into a solid, so that the battery body (5) will not have the risk of leakage that may occur with traditional water cooling when it is not running.

[0041] While the air intake mechanism (7) draws in cold air from the outside, it inevitably draws in dust contained in the outside air into the interior of the protective box (1). The internal structure of the air intake mechanism (7) can isolate the dust inside while drawing in cold air. After the battery body (5) is running, the internal structure of the air intake mechanism (7) is activated to drive its internal structure to move. During the operation of its internal structure, the dust attached to the internal structure of the air intake mechanism (7) can be cleaned off. At the same time, the dust cleaned off is collected and stored inside by the vibration generated during the cleaning process. It will not draw in the collected dust when the internal structure of the air intake mechanism (7) draws in cold air from the outside next time, and the dust will not be dispersed into the interior of the protective box (1).

[0042] Example 2: In order to absorb and dissipate the heat generated by the battery body (5) during operation, refer to Figures 2 to 7 In this scheme, the cooling mechanism (6) includes several heat-conducting boxes (61) spaced apart inside the battery rack (4). Several air inlets (62) are provided at the bottom of each heat-conducting box (61). The spacing between two adjacent heat-conducting boxes (61) is adapted to the shape of the battery body (5). Heat-conducting baffles (64) are provided on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of each heat-conducting box (61). Two heat-conducting baffles (64) are positioned at opposite ends and form a sealed cavity with the inner wall of the heat-conducting box (61). Each of the heat-conducting baffles (64) has a number of copper tubes (65) at its far ends. The copper tubes (65) are wavy. The bottom of each of the copper tubes (65) penetrates the bottom wall of the heat-conducting box (61) and is connected to the outside. The top of the heat-conducting box (61) is provided with a number of air vents (63) spaced apart. The air vents (63) are connected to the top of the copper tubes (65) to discharge the air that has absorbed excess heat. A stirring assembly (66) is provided between the opposite surfaces of the two heat-conducting baffles (64) for rotation.

[0043] In the above, several heat-conducting boxes (61) are respectively spaced inside the battery rack (4), and several air inlets (62) are located at the bottom of several heat-conducting boxes (61). Cold air is blown upward through the internal structure of the air inlet mechanism (7) and guided from the bottom of the air inlet (62) to the inside of the heat-conducting box (61). The spacing between two adjacent heat-conducting boxes (61) is adapted to the shape of the battery body (5). The battery body (5) is engaged between two adjacent heat-conducting boxes (61) and fits against the surface of the heat-conducting box (61). The inner cavity of the heat-conducting box (61) A heat-conducting baffle (64) is provided on both the left and right sides of the middle section. The two heat-conducting baffles (64) are separated by one end and form a sealed cavity with the inner wall of the heat-conducting box (61). The paraffin-based composite phase change material is placed in the sealed cavity. When the battery body (5) generates heat, the paraffin-based material absorbs the heat and melts in the two sealed cavities. Several copper tubes (65) are provided on the two heat-conducting baffles (64) separated by one end. The copper tubes (65) are wavy, which effectively increases the airflow inside the copper tubes (65) compared to the straight airflow of straight tubes. The residence time of the airflow allows for more thorough absorption of heat from the pipe wall, preventing cold air from being discharged directly without absorbing heat. The bottoms of several copper pipes (65) penetrate the bottom wall of the heat-conducting box (61) and are connected to the outside. Several air outlets (63) are spaced apart on the top of the heat-conducting box (61). The air outlets (63) are connected to the tops of several copper pipes (65) to discharge the air that has absorbed excess heat. A stirring assembly (66) is provided between the opposing surfaces of the two heat-conducting baffles (64). The upward-flowing cold air enters the two heat-conducting baffles (64). The air flows upward through the cavity between the two heat-conducting baffles (64). As the air flows upward, it carries away the heat absorbed by the liquid paraffin base that is conducted into the cavity between the two heat-conducting baffles (64) and discharged upward. At the same time, when the solid paraffin base melts into a liquid state, the upward-flowing air blows the internal structure of the stirring assembly (66), so that the internal structure of the stirring assembly (66) can rotate inside the liquid paraffin base, thereby achieving a slight convection in stirring the liquid paraffin base, ensuring that the local temperature does not overheat and accelerating the heat diffusion.

[0044] Specifically, in order to achieve the purpose of stirring liquid paraffin-based phase change materials, refer to Figure 7In this scheme, the stirring assembly (66) includes a rotating rod (661) rotatably disposed in the middle between the opposite surfaces of two heat-conducting partitions (64). Several arc plates (662) are arranged in a ring on the outer surface of the rotating rod (661). During the upward flow of cold air, the arc plates (662) are blown to make the rotating rod (661) rotate. A bent plate (663) is also provided on one side between the opposite surfaces of the two heat-conducting partitions (64). The bent plate (663) is fixedly installed on one side between the two heat-conducting partitions (64) to block the arc plate (662) on one side from being blown by the rising air. Stirring rods (664) are provided at the ends of the rotating rods (661) that are far apart from each other. The two stirring rods (664) are respectively located in the sealed cavity on the side of the two heat-conducting partitions (64) that are far apart from each other. The stirring rods (664) are driven to rotate by the arc plates (662) cooperating with the rotating rods (661).

[0045] The aforementioned rotating rod (661) is rotatably positioned between the opposite surfaces of two heat-conducting baffles (64). Several arc plates (662) are arranged in a ring on the outer surface of the rotating rod (661). As cold air flows upward, it blows the arc plates (662) to cause the rotating rod (661) to rotate. To ensure the rotating rod (661) rotates in the same direction, a bent plate (663) is also provided on one side between the opposite surfaces of the two heat-conducting baffles (64). The bent plate (663) is located on one side of one of the arc plates (662) and blocks one side of the arc plate (662) as the cold air rises. 62) It is not blown, so that the arc plate (662) can only rotate in one direction. Then, during the rotation, the ends of the rotating rod (661) that are far apart are equipped with stirring rods (664). The two stirring rods (664) are respectively located in the sealed cavity on the side of the two heat-conducting partitions (64) that are far apart. When the paraffin base is in liquid state, the arc plate (662) is blown to drive the rotating rod (661) to rotate. Then, the rotating rod (661) drives the stirring rod (664) to rotate inside the liquid paraffin base to achieve the stirring effect, so that it forms a slight convection, ensuring that the local temperature will not be overheated and accelerating the heat diffusion.

[0046] Example 3: In order to achieve the purpose of upward air intake and dust removal after heat dissipation, refer to... Figures 8 to 13In this scheme, the air intake mechanism (7) includes a partition plate two (72) set at the bottom of the protective box (1). A fan (71) is set on the upper part of the partition plate two (72). The fan (71) is connected to the battery body (5) through a connecting line to power the fan (71) so that the fan (71) blows cold air upward. A lifting component (75) is set on the upper middle part of the air intake component (73). A collection component (74) is slidably set on the bottom of the inner cavity of the protective box (1). The lifting component (75) works with the collection component (74) to clean the bottom of the air intake component (73). The air intake component (73) works with the collection component (74) to collect the dust that falls from the cleaning.

[0047] The partition 2 (72) mentioned above is set at the bottom of the protective box (1). A fan (71) is set on the upper part of the partition 2 (72). The fan (71) is connected to the battery body (5) through a connecting wire to provide power to the fan (71), so that the fan (71) blows air upward. The air intake component (73) set on the surface of the partition 2 (72) can isolate the dust contained in the air inside the air intake component (73) while the fan (71) draws in the outside air from inside the air intake component (73), thereby achieving the effect of filtering the air.

[0048] After the battery is cooled down, the lifting component (75) set in the middle of the upper side of the air intake component (73) is activated. The lifting component (75) pulls the collection component (74) up, so that the collection component (74) contacts the lower part of the air intake component (73). At the same time, the internal components of the rising collection component (74) are driven to move during the rotation of the fan (71). During the movement of the collection component (74), the bottom of the air intake component (73) is cleaned. During the cleaning process, its internal structure vibrates slightly, so that the dust that has been cleaned is discharged into the collection component (74) for storage through vibration.

[0049] Specifically, in order to achieve the purpose of filtering air and driving the internal structure of the collection component (74), refer to Figure 10 In this scheme, the air intake assembly (73) includes a plurality of dustproof plates (731) spaced apart at the bottom of the partition plate two (72). The middle of each of the dustproof plates (731) is a rotating fixed cylinder one (732). The inner cavity of each fixed cylinder one (732) is provided with a spring one (733). The lower part of each spring one (733) is connected to a locking block (734). The upper part of the fixed cylinder one (732) cooperates with the fan (71) to rotate the locking block (734). A fixed cylinder two (735) is provided between two adjacent dustproof plates (731). The inner cavity of each of the fixed cylinder two (735) is provided with a spring two (736). The bottom of each spring two (736) is provided with a guide rod (737).

[0050] In the above process, air is drawn in from the bottom upwards by the fan (71). The air passes through the dustproof plate (731) located at the bottom of the partition plate (72). The dustproof plate (731) isolates the dust in the air from its lower surface. Then, the fan (71) rotates, driving the fixed cylinder (732) to rotate. Simultaneously, the spring (733) and the discharge pipe (744) drive the clamping block (734) to rotate. As the internal structure of the collecting component (74) moves upwards, it comes into contact with the clamping block (734). At the same time, the clamping block (734) squeezes the spring (733) into the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder (732). When the clamping block (734) rotates to a certain angle, its cross shape matches the inside of the collecting component (74). The thrust of spring 1 (733) pushes the locking block (734) into the internal structure of the collecting component (74), thereby driving the internal structure of the collecting component (74) to rotate during the rotation of the fan (71) to clean the dust plate (731). A fixing cylinder 2 (735) is provided between two adjacent dust plates (731), and a spring 2 (736) is provided in the inner cavity of the fixing cylinder 2 (735). A guide rod (737) is provided at the lower part of the spring 2 (736). The bottom of the guide rod (737) is connected to the inside of the collecting component (74). During the rising process of the collecting component (74), it is used to guide the internal structure of the collecting component (74) and prevent the collecting component (74) from tilting during the rising or moving process.

[0051] Specifically, in order to enable the internal structure of the collecting component (74) to clean the bottom of the dustproof plate (731), refer to Figure 11 In this scheme, the collection component (74) includes two sliding plates (746) that slide on the lower left and right walls of the inner cavity of the protective box (1). Several dust collection boxes (741) are provided at intervals on the side of the two sliding plates (746) that are close to each other. A cleaning component (745) is provided in the middle of each of the several dust collection boxes (741). A drop pipe (744) is also provided at the rear of the several dust collection boxes (741). A dust storage box (742) is also provided on one side of the bottom wall of the protective box (1). A dust storage drawer (743) slides in the inner cavity of the dust storage box (742). The drop pipe (744) slides on the surface of the dust storage box (742) to collect falling dust.

[0052] Furthermore, the lower parts of the two guide rods (737) are fixedly installed between two adjacent dust collection boxes (741), and the bottom walls of several of the dust collection boxes (741) are inclined toward the discharge pipe (744).

[0053] In the above, two sliding plates (746) slide on the lower part of the left and right walls of the inner cavity of the protective box (1). Several dust collection boxes (741) are connected at intervals on the side of the two sliding plates (746) that are close to each other. A cleaning component (745) is provided in the middle of each of the dust collection boxes (741). A material drop pipe (744) is also provided at the rear of the dust collection boxes (741). A dust storage box (742) is also provided on one side of the bottom wall of the protective box (1). A dust storage drawer (743) slides in the inner cavity of the dust storage box (742). The material drop pipe (744) slides on the surface of the dust storage box (742). When the internal structure of the lifting component (75) moves upward, it drives the cleaning component (745) to contact the bottom of the dustproof plate (731). The cleaning component (745) is engaged with the internal structure of the cleaning block (734) to move the internal structure of the cleaning component (745) to clean the bottom of the dustproof plate (731). At the same time, the cleaned dust falls directly into the inner cavity of the dust collection box (741). Then, during the cleaning of the bottom of the dustproof plate (731), the internal structure of the dustproof plate (731) cooperates with the convex ball (738) set at the bottom of the dustproof plate (731) to make the dust collection box (741) vibrate up and down. This causes the dust falling into the dust collection box (741) to vibrate and fall into the inner cavity of the dust storage box (742) through the discharge pipe (744). When cleaning is needed, the dust storage drawer (743) can be pulled out for cleaning.

[0054] Specifically, in order to clean the bottom of the dustproof panel (731), refer to Figure 12 In this scheme, the collection component (74) includes a rotating shaft (7451) rotatably disposed in the middle of the dust collection box (741). The top of the rotating shaft (7451) is provided with a slot (7452) that matches the card block (734). A fixing ring (7453) is provided on the upper part of the outer surface of the rotating shaft (7451). A plurality of cleaning rods (7454) are arranged in a ring on the outer surface of the fixing ring (7453). A plurality of convex balls (7455) are arranged in a ring on the upper surface of the fixing ring (7453). The convex balls (7455) cooperate with the convex balls (738) to vibrate the dust collection box (741).

[0055] In the above, the dust collection box (741) rises, driving the rotating shaft (7451) to rise, so that the slot (7452) on the upper side contacts the block (734). Then, under the action of the spring (733), the block (734) is rotated and pushed into the inner cavity of the slot (7452), thereby driving the rotating shaft (7451) to rotate. The rotating shaft (7451) rotates, driving the fixed ring (7453) to rotate. Simultaneously, the sweeping rod (7454) is driven to sweep the bottom of the dustproof plate (731). At the same time, during the rotation of the fixed ring (7453), the second convex ball (7455) rotates and contacts the first convex ball (738). Then, the internal structure of the second spring (736) and the lifting component (75) is elastically connected to the dust collection box (741), so that the second convex ball (7455) rotates and contacts the first convex ball (738), achieving the effect of making the dust collection box (741) vibrate.

[0056] Specifically, in order to achieve the goal of lifting several dust collection boxes (741), refer to Figure 13 In this scheme, the lifting component (75) includes an electric telescopic rod (751) located in the middle of the upper side of the partition (72), and a connecting block (752) is provided between the two dust collection boxes (741) located in the middle. The output end of the electric telescopic rod (751) extends through the surface of the connecting block (752) to the lower part and is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (753). Damping rods (754) are provided on both sides of the upper part of the two lifting plates (753).

[0057] In the above, the electric telescopic rod (751) is set in the middle of the upper side of the partition (72), and the connecting block (752) is set between the two dust collection boxes (741) in the middle. The output end of the electric telescopic rod (751) extends through the surface of the connecting block (752) to the lower part and is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (753). Damping rods (754) are set on both sides of the upper part of the two lifting plates (753). The electric telescopic rod (751) drives the lifting plate (753) to rise, so that the lifting plate (753) compresses the damping rod (754) and lifts the connecting block (752), thereby achieving the purpose of elastically lifting the electric telescopic rod (751).

[0058] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special explosion-proof lithium-ion battery electric locomotive battery pack protection device, comprising a protective box (1) and a box cover (8) disposed on the top of the protective box (1), characterized in that: The upper part of the inner cavity of the protective box (1) is provided with a battery rack (4). The battery rack (4) is provided with a cooling mechanism (6) at intervals. A battery body (5) is provided between two adjacent cooling mechanisms (6). The shape of the battery body (5) matches the internal structure of the battery rack (4) to ensure that the box cover (8) operates stably inside the battery rack (4). The bottom of the protective box (1) is provided with an air inlet mechanism (7). The internal structure of the air inlet mechanism (7) cooperates with the air inlet hole (2) opened on the lower side of the outer surface of the protective box (1) to draw in cold air from the outside and blow it upward in the inner cavity of the protective box (1). Several exhaust holes (3) are symmetrically opened on the upper side of the surface of the protective box (1).

2. The explosion-proof special type lithium-ion battery locomotive battery pack protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism (6) includes several heat-conducting boxes (61) spaced apart inside the battery rack (4). Several air inlets (62) are provided at the bottom of each heat-conducting box (61). The spacing between two adjacent heat-conducting boxes (61) is adapted to the shape of the battery body (5). Heat-conducting baffles (64) are provided on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of each heat-conducting box (61). Two heat-conducting baffles (64) are positioned at opposite ends and form a sealed cavity with the inner wall of the heat-conducting box (61). Several copper tubes (65) are provided at the ends of the heat-conducting partitions (64) that are far apart from each other. The copper tubes (65) are wavy. The bottom of the copper tubes (65) penetrates the bottom wall of the heat-conducting box (61) and is connected to the outside. Several air vents (63) are provided at intervals on the top of the heat-conducting box (61). The air vents (63) are connected to the top of the copper tubes (65) to discharge the air that has absorbed superheat. A stirring assembly (66) is provided between the opposite surfaces of the two heat-conducting partitions (64).

3. The explosion-proof special type lithium-ion battery locomotive battery pack protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (66) includes a rotating rod (661) rotatably disposed in the middle between the opposite surfaces of two heat-conducting partitions (64). Several arc plates (662) are arranged in a ring on the outer surface of the rotating rod (661). When the cold air flows upward, the arc plates (662) are blown to make the rotating rod (661) rotate. A bent plate (663) is also provided on one side between the opposite surfaces of the two heat-conducting partitions (64). The bent plate (663) is fixedly installed on one side between the two heat-conducting partitions (64) to block the arc plate (662) on one side from being blown by the rising air. Stirring rods (664) are provided at the ends of the rotating rods (661) that are far apart from each other. The two stirring rods (664) are respectively located in the sealed cavity on the side of the two heat-conducting partitions (64) that are far apart from each other. The stirring rods (664) are driven to rotate by the arc plates (662) in cooperation with the rotating rods (661).

4. The explosion-proof special type lithium-ion battery locomotive battery pack protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake mechanism (7) includes a partition plate 2 (72) at the bottom of the protective box (1). A fan (71) is provided on the upper part of the partition plate 2 (72). The fan (71) is connected to the battery body (5) through a connecting line to provide power to the fan (71) so that the fan (71) blows cold air upward. A lifting component (75) is provided on the upper middle part of the air intake component (73). A collection component (74) is slidably provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the protective box (1). The lifting component (75) works with the collection component (74) to clean the bottom of the air intake component (73). The air intake component (73) works with the collection component (74) to collect the dust that falls from the cleaning.

5. The explosion-proof special type lithium-ion battery locomotive battery pack protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air intake assembly (73) includes a plurality of dustproof plates (731) spaced apart at the bottom of the partition plate two (72). Each of the dustproof plates (731) has a rotating fixed cylinder one (732) in the middle. Each fixed cylinder one (732) has a spring one (733) in its inner cavity. Each spring one (733) has a locking block (734) connected to its lower part. The upper part of the fixed cylinder one (732) cooperates with the fan (71) to rotate the locking block (734). Each of the two adjacent dustproof plates (731) has a fixed cylinder two (735). Each of the fixed cylinder two (735) has a spring two (736) in its inner cavity. Each spring two (736) has a guide rod (737) at its bottom.

6. The explosion-proof special type lithium-ion battery locomotive battery pack protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collection component (74) includes two sliding plates (746) that slide on the lower left and right walls of the inner cavity of the protective box (1). Several dust collection boxes (741) are spaced apart on the side of the two sliding plates (746) that are close to each other. A cleaning component (745) is provided in the middle of each of the several dust collection boxes (741). A discharge pipe (744) is also provided at the rear of the several dust collection boxes (741). A dust storage box (742) is also provided on one side of the bottom wall of the protective box (1). A dust storage drawer (743) slides in the inner cavity of the dust storage box (742). The discharge pipe (744) slides on the surface of the dust storage box (742) to collect falling dust.

7. The explosion-proof special type lithium-ion battery locomotive battery pack protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower parts of the two guide rods (737) are fixedly installed between two adjacent dust collection boxes (741), and the bottom walls of several of the dust collection boxes (741) are inclined toward the discharge pipe (744).

8. The explosion-proof special type lithium-ion battery locomotive battery pack protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collection assembly (74) includes a rotating shaft (7451) rotatably disposed in the middle of the dust collection box (741). The top of the rotating shaft (7451) is provided with a slot (7452) that matches the locking block (734). A fixing ring (7453) is provided on the upper part of the outer surface of the rotating shaft (7451). Several cleaning rods (7454) are arranged in a ring on the outer surface of the fixing ring (7453). Several convex balls (7455) are arranged in a ring on the upper surface of the fixing ring (7453). The convex balls (7455) cooperate with the convex balls (738) to vibrate the dust collection box (741).

9. The explosion-proof special type lithium-ion battery locomotive battery pack protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (75) includes an electric telescopic rod (751) located in the middle of the upper side of the partition (72). A connecting block (752) is provided between the two dust collection boxes (741) located in the middle. The output end of the electric telescopic rod (751) extends through the surface of the connecting block (752) to the lower part and is fixedly connected to a lifting plate (753). Damping rods (754) are provided on both sides of the upper part of the two lifting plates (753).

Images